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情态动词和虚拟语气1．[2020·全国大联考（新课标）]—You didn’t invite Mary to the ball?—____ her, too?A．Must I invite B．Should I have invitedC．Must I have invited D．Should I invite1B考查情态动词的用法。
“should have done sth．”结构表示“本该做但事实上并未做某事”。
另外注意第一句的陈述语序后面用问号表示疑问的语气，意思是“难道你…？”2. [2020·陕西西工大附中6次训练]_____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to _______ the picnic.A. Would; put forwardB. Should; call offC. Will; give upD. Should; put up2B考查虚拟语气及固定短语的含义。
第一空should表虚拟语气，第二空取消野餐。
句意：万一明天下雨，我们就会取消野餐。
3．[2020·全国大联考预测卷（大纲）]I would have helped you, but I __ really occupied the whole week．A．was B．am C．had been D．were3A 考查动词时态和语气。
would have helped you表与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
but后面是事实句。
答案选A，表过去的实际情况。
4. [2020·陕西西工大附中4次训练] “Dear, if you listen to me, you ______ havesome candies as a reward,” the woman told her little son.A. shallB. doC. shouldD. must4A考查情态动词的用法。
解密08情态动词和虚拟语气考点详解【考纲解读】1. 考生应掌握can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should, ought to, need, dare, be able to, used to 等情态动词的基本用法。
2. 考生应掌握虚拟语气在非真实条件句、名词性从句及其他句型中的运用。
【命题趋势】情态动词和虚拟语气为中学英语考纲要求的内容，并且是高考内容中的难点之一。
预计在以后的高考中，可能会对情态动词和虚拟语气进行考查，且还可能通过虚拟语气形式考查某种时态的某个形式。
考向1 情态动词一、can, could 与be able to1. 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
☞Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）☞Mary can speak three languages.（知识）☞Can you skate?（技能）此时可用be able to代替。
can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
☞I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用can。
如：☞He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2. 表示请求和允许。
☞——Can I go now?——Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换。
在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
☞——Could I come to see you tomorrow?—— Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )3. 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
考点13 情态动词和虚拟语气【命题解读】英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。
在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；尤其要注意＂情态动词+完成式＂是高考中的重点所在。
对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。
【命题预测】情态动词是2021年各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区的单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。
新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。
考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。
试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。
【复习建议】情态动词：1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法；2. 掌握情态动词表达＂情感、态度、语气等＂方面的用法。
虚拟语气：1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法；2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法；情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1）can，could与be able to1．表示能力，意为＂能，会＂。
☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。
☞If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。
☞I could have worked out the problem，but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。
2024届高考英语复习易错题专项(情态动词和虚拟语气)练习1．（2021ꞏ天津ꞏ高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.A．may have madeB．should have madeC．couldn't have madeD．needn't have made2.（2020·江苏卷）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.A. won’t beB. wouldn’t have beenC. wouldn’t beD. shouldn’t have been3．（2020ꞏ天津ꞏ高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best.A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't4．（2020ꞏ天津ꞏ高考真题）Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .A．must B．can C．need D．Should5．（2017ꞏ全国ꞏ统考高考真题）Whale breathe through lungs just as we humans do，sothey_______come up for air．A．may B．can C．might D．Must6．（2018ꞏ天津ꞏ统考高考真题）Jane wishes that she ______ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.A．studied B．had studiedC．would study D．might have studied7．（2019ꞏ江苏ꞏ高考真题）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.A．had B．will have C．would have had D．had had8．（2023ꞏ天津ꞏ高三耀华中学校考开学考试）—Why you be talking so loudly while others are studying?—I’m terribly sorry.A．shall B．must C．will D．May9．（2023ꞏ天津滨海新ꞏ统考三模）Waking up suddenly________lead to rapid heart rate and high blood pressure.A．must B．would C．can D．Shall10．（2023秋ꞏ高三课前预习）—Finish the homework in half an hour! Mom, you________be joking! — Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.A．need B．can C．must D．May11．（2023ꞏ天津河东ꞏ统考二模）“Those responsible for the accident be punished while those contributing to solving the problems be rewarded.” promised the official then and there.A．need B．shall C．must D．Should12．（2023ꞏ全国ꞏ高三专题练习）My little son _____ out alone at night.A．dares not go B．dares not to goC．dare not to go D．doesn’t dare to go13．（2023ꞏ天津滨海新ꞏ高三大港一中校考期末）The world went into shock, most people havingassumed that this space flight ________ be more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.A．should B．shall C．would D．Could14．（2023ꞏ天津河东ꞏ高三统考期末）If there is nothing more to do, we ________ as well go to bed.A．should B．can C．would D．May15．（2023ꞏ天津ꞏ高三天津市咸水沽第一中学校考期末）I ______ James some advice, but I didn’t think he would accept it under those conditions.A．could have given B．mustn’t giveC．couldn’t give D．must have given参考答案1．（2021ꞏ天津ꞏ高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.A．may have madeB．should have madeC．couldn't have madeD．needn't have made【答案】A【答案解析】考查情态动词用法。
某高级中学高三英语语法专题训练(xùnliàn)：第八讲情态动词和虚拟语气[高考真题体验]1．(2021·高考)—It's the office！So you________know eating is not allowed here.—Oh，sorry.A．must B．willC．may D．need解析：考察情态动词的用法。
选项A表示“必须，应该〞；选项B表示“将会，将要〞；选项C表示“也许，可能〞；选项D表示“需要〞，常用于否认句及疑问句中。
根据句子语境可知答案应选A。
答案：A2．(2021·全国卷Ⅰ) What do you mean，there are only ten tickets？There________be twelve.A．should B．wouldC．will D．shall解析：考察情态动词。
句意：你说的是什么意思？只有10张票吗？本来应该有12张票的。
情态动词should表示“应该〞，符合语意。
答案：A3．(2021·高考)One of the few things you________say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A．need B．mustC．should D．can解析：考察情态动词。
英国人喜欢议论天气是众所周知的事实，所以此处只能用can，表示“可以、可以〞。
答案：D4．(2021·高考)The doctor recommended that you________swim after eating a large meal.A．wouldn't B．couldn'tC．needn't D．shouldn't解析：考察虚拟语气。
高考中英语里常出现的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。
在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。
高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。
情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。
新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。
考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。
试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
考点1 情态动词基本含义的考查情态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。
【典例】The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A. had toB. wouldC. was able toD. could【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词的基本含义。
had to：不得不；would：表示意愿或过去常常；could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力；was able to表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。
因此，答案是C。
【典例】—Jim is very sick these days.He coughs so badly,—In my opinion, he really ____ listen to the doctor and cut down on smoking.A.shouldB.canC.mayD.need【答案】A【解析】本题考查情态动词用法。
句意：——吉姆这些天病得厉害，咳嗽不止。
2020全国高考英语单项选择题解析情态动词和虚拟语气专题1.(2020全国卷,32) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should答案 D解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。
句意为“他们本该午饭时到达，但他们的航班推迟了。
”will have done将来可以完成；can have done可能做过……吗？表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句；must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；should have done 本来应该做某事，而实际没做。
but their flight was delayed这样的结果，说明他们本来该到达却没有到达，因此选D。
2.(2020全国卷II,8) If you smoke, please go outside.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. may答案 C解析：考查情态动词的用法。
句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。
”must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。
根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。
3.（2020北京卷,24）——I don’t really like Ja mes. Why did you invite him? ——Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.A. must notB. need notC. would notD. might not答案 D解析：考查情态动词的用法。
句意为“——我真不喜欢James。
你为何请了他？——别担心。
他可能来不了。
他说他的计划还没安排好。
”题干中的he wasn’t certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定might not。
学习资料高考英语二轮复习情态动词和虚拟语气考点讲解含解析班级：科目：情态动词和虚拟语气第一部分、情态动词一、can/could与be able to1．can/could用来表示“一般能力”；be able to有多种时态，且用来表示在特定条件下的“具体能力”。
如：My grandma is over seventy，but she can still read without glasses。
They will be able to tell you the news soon.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out。
2．表示允许可用can或could,与may/might意义接近。
could可用于现在时，只是语气更加委婉、客气,回答时则一般要用can而不用could。
-Could I have the television on?-Yes,you can./No，you can’t。
二、may与might1．表示允许，意为“可以,许可”，用法基本上同can与could。
如:May I use your bicycle？2．表示可能性，意为“也许,可能”.如:According to the weather forecast， it may rain tomorrow。
3．may可以放在句首，表示祝愿.如：May good luck be yours!三、must与have to1．must用来表示说话人的主观看法；have to表示客观的需要，强调外界压力,不得已而为之。
如: He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。
(主观上要做这件事）My brother was ill， so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟生病了，我只得半夜里把医生请来.(客观上需要做这件事)2．表示“不必”，须用don't have to或needn't.must的否定式表示“禁止，绝对不可"。
精品基础教育教学资料，仅供参考，需要可下载使用！高考押题专练1．The movie couldn’t be more boring.I wish I ________ to it.A．had not been B．have not beenC．did not go D．have not gone【答案】A【解析】句意为：这部电影无聊透了。
我希望我没有去看它。
wish后的宾语从句表示对过去事情的虚拟，故谓语动词用过去完成时，选A。
2．—What does the sign over there read?—“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette or pipe in this restaurant.”A．will B．shallC．need D．must【答案】B【解析】句意为：——那边的牌子上写着什么？——“任何人不得在本餐厅吸烟或手持点燃的香烟或烟斗。
” shall在此处表示“规定”。
3．—Can I go now，sir?—If you ________ leave，do it quietly.A．should B．mustC．shall D．may【答案】B【解析】句意为：——我现在可以走吗，先生？——如果你非要离开，悄悄地走。
must偏要，非得。
4．If I ________ time，I would certainly go to the movies with you，but I have a lot of work to do.A．had B．haveC．will have D．had had【答案】A【解析】句意为：如果我有时间的话，我肯定会和你一起去看电影，但是我有很多工作要做。
对现在情况的虚拟，条件句谓语动词需用动词的过去式，故选A。
5．________ the rain stop，the crops would be saved.A．Will B．WouldC．Should D．Had【答案】C【解析】句意为：如果雨停了的话，庄稼将会得救。
专题限时检测(八) 情态动词和虚拟语气(共3组，限时20分钟)[模拟题组一]1．(2019·无锡高三一模)According to the school rule, no child ________ be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his own parents.A．should B．mustC．shall D．can解析：选C 句意：根据校规，孩子不可以离开学校，除非有他自己的父母的陪伴。
shall 用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定，意为“应该，必须”。
2．(2019·无锡一模)—I can't understand why he ________ so angry.I meant no offence.—It's typical of him to be so sensitive.A．must have been B．should have beenC．might have been D．can have been解析：选B 句意：“我不理解为什么他竟然会如此生气。
我无意冒犯。
”“他一向是个很敏感的人。
”should此处意思为“竟然”。
3．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇二模)—Sherry rang to say she was too busy to come.—Well, she ________ say that. She is always making excuses.A．mustn't B．wouldC．needn't D．should解析：选B 句意：“雪莉打电话说她太忙了不能来。
”“好吧，她老是那样说。
她总是给自己找借口。
”根据答语中的“She is always making excuses”可知，此处应用would，表示过去习惯性的动作。
4．(2019·常州一模)Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that ________ possible just a few years ago.A．would have beenB．might have beenC．shouldn't have beenD．couldn't have been解析：选D 句意：如今使用人工智能后，许多公司都可以做在几年前不可能做的实验。
句意为否定，表示过去的可能性，故用could not have been。
5．(2019·徐州、淮安、连云港一模)—It's really great to have a computer to store my photos.—Don't count on it too much.It ________ break down and you'd better make a copyof them.A．must B．canC．should D．will解析：选B 句意：“有电脑储存我的照片真的很棒。
”“不要对电脑过分依赖。
它有可能会发生故障，你最好做个备份。
”can表示可能性。
6．(2019·徐州、淮安、连云港一模)—What a pity! You missed my birthday party.—Terribly sorry! ________ my uncle not visited me unexpectedly.A．Should B．WouldC．Had D．Did解析：选C 句意：“好可惜，你没有参加我的生日宴会。
”“非常遗憾，要是我叔叔昨天没有突然来看我(我就不会错过你生日了)。
”答句是一个省略句，省略了主句，而且还是一个倒装句。
had my uncle not visited me unexpectedly＝if my uncle had not visited me unexpectedly。
7．(2019·南京、盐城一模)Pele had bags of natural talent, but he ________ without the determination to deal with all the problems life threw in his path.A．would never succeedB．never succeededC．would never have succeededD．had never succeeded解析：选C 句意：贝利是很有天赋，但是如果没有处理生活中遇到的所有问题的决心，他是永远不会成功的。
本句是由without呈现的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据句中的第一个谓语动词had，可以判断此处是表示与过去事实相反的愿望，主句部分应该用“wou ld＋have＋过去分词”。
8．(2019·镇江一模)I felt like giving up.I probably _______， but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”A．would have B．wouldC．should D．should have解析：选 A 句意：我想放弃。
我可能会的，但我爸爸小声说：“加把劲！你可以做到。
”but引导的并列句，表示隐匿的条件，根据谓语动词whispered，可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的愿望，所以主句中用“would have＋过去分词”。
9．(2019·泰州一模)—Hope there will be an end to the trade war between China and the US.—Indeed, otherwise both sides ________ a lot.A．must suffer B．were to sufferC．suffered D．would suffer解析：选D 句意：“希望中美之间的贸易战能够结束。
”“是的，要不然的话，双方都会遭受很大的损失。
”otherwise 表示隐匿的条件，根据句意可知此处表示的是与将来事实可能相反的愿望，所以主句部分用“would＋动词原形”。
10．(2019·扬州一模)If she ________ make such a simple wish as not to be teased for disability last Christmas, Amy would still feel lonely now.A．had dared not B．hadn't dared toC．dared not D．didn't dare to解析：选B 句意：如果去年圣诞节她不敢许不被人取笑为残疾这么简单的愿望，艾米现在还是会感到孤独。
由last Christmas可知是与过去事实相反，所以从句中用had done。
11．(2019·南通一模)If it had not been for the heroes' contributions and sacrifices, we ________ such a happy life now.A．wouldn't have led B．wouldn't be leadingC．haven't led D．are not leading解析：选B 句意：要不是英雄们的贡献和牺牲，我们如今不会过上如此幸福的生活。
本句是混合条件句，从句与过去的事实相反，用的是“had＋动词的过去分词”。
但是主句是与现在的事实相反，所以用“would＋动词原形”。
此处是与现在正在发生的事情相反，用了进行式。
12．(2019·南通七市二模)I would not be seeing the film Green Book now ________ me up in time.A．were Kathy not to pickB．had Kathy not pickedC．if Kathy hasn't pickedD．if Kathy did not pick解析：选B 句意：要是Kathy没有及时的接我，我现在就不会在看《绿皮书》这部电影了。
该句是混合条件句。
从句部分是表示的与过去事实相反的愿望，所以应该用“had＋过去分词”。
此处省略了if，将had提至句首。
had Kathy not picked me up in time＝if Kathy had not picked me up in time。
13．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇二模)The accident which left 15 people on board dead ________ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.A．should have avoided B．should be avoidedC．could have avoided D．could have been avoided解析：选D 句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机都保持冷静的话，这起导致车上15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。
根据从句中“had kept calm”可知本句是表示与过去事实相反的愿望，所以主句中必须用could/should/would＋have＋v.ed。
又因为“事故”与“避免”之间是被动关系，所以用被动式。
14．(2019·盐城三模)If the new security system ________ into effect, such accidents would never have happened.A．would be put B．were putC．should be put D．had been put解析：选D 句意：如果新的安全系统已经得以实施，这种事故本就不会发生。
根据主句中的谓语动词“would never have happened”可知该句表示的是与已经发生的事情相反的愿望，所以从句中用“had＋过去分词”。
15．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇三模)The explosion in the chemical plant ________ avoided had the county authorities, aiming too much at shortterm interests, performed their duties from the beginning.A．should be B．might beC．must have been D．could have been解析：选D 句意：如果县政府从一开始就履行职责，不是过分着眼于短期利益，那么化工厂的爆炸就可以避免。
