2011届高考英语第一轮语法总复习29
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语法填空解题技巧小结本题型分两种情况:一种为已给单词提示,一种为不给单词提示。
一、已给单词提示题型的技巧此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。
单词形式变化主要有两种,一是词的形、数、式的变化,一是词的派生变化。
在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题,看是否需要使用复合的变化形式,这一点是很重要的。
技巧一:名词形式变化。
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例1:There are many students living at school,the (child)houses are all far from schoo1.由students-词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式—— 复数的所有格children’s。
技巧二:动词形式变化。
动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
例2:A talk (give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。
从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。
技巧三:代词形式变化。
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。
另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one/none、other/another等。
例3:The king decided to see the painter by (he).由介词by 可以看出,横线处应填反身代词himself。
技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化。
英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。
备战2011届高考英语(通用版)一轮复习专题12 情态动词【考纲解读】情态动词与虚拟语气有千丝万缕的联系,它们往往放在一起考查。
在近年高考题中,对情态动词的考查几乎每年都有纵观近几年的高考题可以看出,高考对情态动词的考查热点依次是:(1)推测和可能性;(2)“情态动词+have done”结构表示猜测或表示虚拟语气; (3)shall, should, can, must表示特定语气。
尤其是对“情态动词+have done”结构的考查频率较高。
试题的情景设置往往生动、真实,但考查的角度趋于细微化和综合化,有效信息较为隐蔽,这就决定了情态动词题是难题之一。
情态动词题每年都考,所以本专题在高考中的重要地位是显而易见的。
因而在复习中应引起高度重视,且依笔者之见,来年高考中对情态动词考查的可能性依然非常大。
【知识要点】一、情态动词的语法特征1.情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2.情态动词除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
3.情态动词没有人称、数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4.情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词等形式。
二、情态动词的基本用法1.比较can 和be able to1)can could 表示能力;可能(过去时用could),只用于现在时和过去时(could)。
be able to 可以用于各种时态。
They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。
2)只用be able to中情况:位于助动词后;情态动词后;表示过去某时刻动作时;用于句首表示条件;表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/were able to,不能用could。
He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.=He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.战争爆发前,他就逃离欧洲了。
2011届高考英语一轮复习讲解:强调句【知识要点】强调句强调句是一种修辞,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式,下面简单归纳它的几种结构:一、用助动词“do(does/did)+动词原形”来表示强调。
He does know the place well.他的确很熟悉这个地方。
Do write to me when you get there.你到那儿后务必给我来信。
二、用形容词very,only,single,such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气。
That’s the ver y textbook we used last term.这正是我们上学期用过的教材。
You are the only person here who can speak Chinese.你是这里惟一会讲汉语的人。
Not a single person has been in the shop this morning.今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。
How dare you buy such expensive jewels?你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢?三、用ever,never,very,just等副词和badly,highly,really等带有-ly的副词来进行强调。
Why ever did you do so?你究竟为什么要这么做?He never said a word the whole day.一整天,他一句话也没说。
You’ve got to be very,very careful.你一定得非常非常小心。
This is just what I wanted.这正是我所要的。
He was badly wounded.他伤得很严重。
I really do n’t know what to do next.我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。
四、用in the world,on earth,at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气(常用于疑问句)。
应对区爱护学校(天津山东专用)【走向高考】高中英语一轮总复习第一部分专项语法突破8 外研版必修41.(2011·安徽卷)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ________ saved for other purposes.A.is B. areC.was D.were答案:D 考查主谓一致。
上文中为“65 percent of the raw materials”,逗号后的定语从句中主语为the rest of which, which指代“the raw materials”,故谓语动词为“were saved”。
2.(北京龙门育才学校模拟)—Is everyone here?—Not yet ... Look,there______the rest of our guests!A.come B.comesC.is coming D.are coming答案:A 在there be句式结构中,谓语动词的单复数要看后面的主语。
本句中的主语为the rest of our guests,所以用复数谓语,排除B、C两项;表示地点的here和there位于句首时,其后用完全倒装形式。
这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come,go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词,不能用进行时态,必须用一般时态。
故选A。
3.(长沙四县一模)Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, ________ to blame.A.is B.that isC.are D.who are答案:B 本题考查强调结构中强调主语时谓语动词的单复数。
当主语是A with/together with/rather than/as well as...B时谓语动词要与A一致,所以B项合适。
备战2011届高考英语(通用版)一轮复习专题20 情景交际【考纲解读】高考研究高考英语情景交际考点是用来考查考生在一定语境下对应答或习惯表达的掌握情况。
其实质是对学生口语能力进行一种书面的考查。
一般来说,高考中对于情景交际试题要求主要包括《英语新课程标准》中所涉及的68个话题。
主要体现在社会交往(问候、告别、道歉、祝愿、祝贺等)中人的态度(同意或不同意;喜欢或不喜欢;肯定或不肯定;可能或不可能;能够或不能够等)或表示的一种情感(高兴、惊奇、忧虑、安慰、满意、遗憾、同情等)等。
【知识要点】对情景交际的考查是英语高考中的一种潮流。
它的目的主要在于考查考生对英语知识的理解及应用,从而检测出考生对英语的驾驭能力。
国家高中英语新课标列出了11个方面共66个功能意念项目以及24个话题项目。
下面是最常用的一些情景交际语境。
1.Introduction(介绍)—This is Mr Smith.—Nice/Glad/Pleased to meet you.2.Greetings(问候)—How are you doing?—Very well,thank you.3.Thanks(感谢)—Thank you very much.—It’s a pleasure./My Pleasure./That’s OK./You’re welcome./Don’t mention it./That’s all right.4.Apologies(道歉)—I’m sorry for losing your radio.—That’s OK./It’s all right./Never mind./It’s nothing./Forget it./It doesn’t matter.5.Invitation(邀请)—Would you like to have a cup of coffee?—Thank you./No, thank you.6.Asking for permission(请求允许)—Would/Do you mind my smoking here?—Of course,you can./Go ahead,please.I’m sorry,it’s not allowed./I’m afraid not.7.Expressing wishes and congratulations(祝愿和祝贺)—I’m going to have an English Exam.—Good luck!—I have just won the first prize in the maths competition.—Congratulations!8.Offering help(提供帮助)—Shall I help you with that?—Yes,please./Yes,thanks.No,thanks./Thank you all the same.9.Making appointments(约会)—Let’s make it at 5:30.—All right.See you then.10.Making telephone calls(打电话)—Hello! May I speak to Tom?/Is that Tom speaking?—Just a moment, please./Sorry. He isn’t in just now. /Hold the line, please. /He llo. This is Mary speaking.11.Having meals(就餐)—Would you like something to eat/drink?—Yes,I’d like a drink./I’d like rice and chicken.No,thank you.I’ve had enough.12.Seeing a doctor(就医)—What’s the matter?—I’m not quite myself./I feel terrible(ba d,horrible...).I have a headache./There is something wrong with....13.Shopping购物—What can I do for you?/May I help you?—I want/I’d like a pair of sports shoes.14.Asking the way(问路)—Excuse me.Where is the post office?/Excuse me.Which is the way to the post office?/Can(Could) you tell me the way to the post office?/How can I get to the post office? —It’s over there./Go down this street until you see the tall red building.You can’t miss it./You can take bus No.23./Turn left at the first crossing./S orry,I don’t know.I’m a stranger here.15.Talking about weather(谈论天气)—What’s the weather like today?/How is the weather today?—It’s nice/fine/sunny/cloudy/rainy/snowy/foggy.16.Sympathy(同情)—My mother is ill.I have to stay at home and look after her.—I’m sorry to hear that.17.Frequency(频度)—How often do you go to movies?—Once a week.18.Praise and encouragement(赞扬和鼓励)—You speak excellent English.—Thank you.典题链接英语是一种交流工具。
动名词、不定式及分词强化训练(下)81.Here we found little snow, as most of it seemed ______ blown off the mountain.a. to have beenb. that it wasc. to bed. that it had been82.______ halfway through the exercise, the teacher changed his mind and collected all our papers.a. When only beingb. When we were onlyc. Being onlyd. Having been83.Some passengers are reading the morning paper, others are talking with one another, ______ nervously for the train.a. to waitb. are waitingc. waitingd. being waited84.There’s one thing I dislike about him: he will never admit ______ a mistake.a. having madeb. makingc. being maded. have been made85.Stan spent half a year ______ material for his new book.a. to collectb. collectc. collectingd. collected86.It’s no use ______ me not to worry.a. you tellb. your tellingc. for you to have toldd. having told87.The chairman insists that there be a meeting _______ within the shortest possible time.a. to holdb. to be heldc. to have been heldd. to be holding88.When the famous pianist was a child, he was accustomed ______ for several hours a day.a. to practicingb. to practicec. to be practicingd. to have practiced.89.In China hundreds of different dialects are spoken; people of some villages ______ themselves understood by the inhabitants of the next town.a. making trouble haveb. have making troublec. have trouble makingd. trouble making have90.It’s a wonderful place for anyone ______ in architecture, as you are.a. interestingb. to be interestedc. being interestedd. interested91.Another feature worth ______ is the role of information throughout a feedback control system..a. noticedb. noticingc. being noticedd. notice92.I believe ______ very largely due to mistaken views of the world.a. this unhappiness areb. to be this unhappinessc. this be unhappinessd. this unhappiness to be93.When they met, Leonards and his enemy were fighting ______.a. killed each otherb. to kill each otherc. killing each otherd. to be killed each other94.Before the invention of aero-planes, ______ in the sky like a bird was only a dream.a. men flyb. to flyc. for flyingd. man flys95.At last they succeeded ______ the job.a. to persuade him to takeb. in persuading him to takec. to persuade him takingd. in persuading him taking96.All that it does is ______ the place of a house wife.a. takesb. takingc. taked. being taken97.He listened to me ______ what Mr. Smith had said the day before.a. to repeatb. to be repeatedc. to repeatingd. repeat98.He could do little except ______.a. writingb. writec. writtend. to write99.The electric shaver ______ before it can be used.a. needs repairingb. requires to repairc.should be in repaird. has to be repairable100. ______ a problem requiring multiplication or division, the computer solves it by adding or subtracting.a. Givingb. Having givenc. Being givend. Given101. You can fly to London this evening ______ you don’t mind changing planes in Paris.a. providedb. exceptc. unlessd. so far as102. Students from the south prefer _______.a. eat rice than breadb. eating rice than breadc. eating rice to eating breadd. eating rice to eat bread103. Would you be ______ to help me with my luggage?a. enough kindb. kind enoughc. too kindd. kind too104. The father advise ______ the second-hand car.a. his son to not buyb. his son not to buyc. his son’s no buyingd. that his son not to buy105. “Do you intend to come with us?”“Yes, ______.”a. I intend sob. I intend thatc. I intend tod. I intend106. It takes a whole year for the earth ______ round the sun once.a. travelingb. to travelc. traveledd. travels107. The factory ______ next year will be one of the largest in this city.a. to buildb. to be builtc. being builtd. having been built108. With the guide ______ the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.a. leadingb. ledc. leadsd. to lead109. They got the work ______ before the rainy season set in.a. to dob. donec. doingd. did110. Things are known ______ when they unite with the oxygen of the air.a. burningb. to burnc. burnd. being burning111. He was thoroughly ashamed ______ so much money on such an ugly picture.a. for spendingb. with spendingc. to have spentd. of having spent112. ______ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.a. To be freeb. Freeingc. To freed. Freed113. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ______ in broad daylight yesterday.a. to be robbedb. robbedc. to have been robbedd. having been robbed114. There seemed little hope that the explorer, ______ in the tropical forest, would find his way through it.a. to be desertedb. having desertedc. to have been desertedd. having been deserted115. “Where should I send my application?”“The Personnel Office is the place ______.”a. to sent itb. sent it toc. to send it tod. for sending it116. The publisher will send you a specimen copy of their new book ______.a. when it will be requestedb. when they are requestedc. when requestedd. when request it117. Rome is the city ______.a. I rather most like to visitb. I’d most like to visitc. I’m rather to visit mostd. I’d prefer most to visit118. There ______ no further business, the meeting came to a stop.a. beingb. wasc. beend. had been119. Please remind me ______ some eggs for the coming party.a. buyb. to buyc. of buyingd. for buying120. Don’t say anything at the meeting unless ______.a. askingb. askedc. being askedd. to be asked121. The radio announced that all flights ______ have been cancelled because of the fog.a. go outb. gone outc. going outd. will go out122. What’s the use ______ extra leisure time if you don’t know what to do?a. haveb. to havec. being haved. of knowing123. ______ mathematical concepts of some students was very difficult because the students did not have a math background.a. Explainb. Explainingc. Have explainedd. Having explained124. Although John was the oldest in the family, he always let his sister _____ charge of the house.a. to takeb. takingc. taked. taken125. Commercial banks make most of their income from interest ______ on loans and investment in stocks and bonds.a. earnb. earnedc. to earnd. was earned126. Amelia Earhart, the first woman ______ a solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean, was born in 1898.a. makesb. madec. makingd. to make127. It is impossible for the plan ______.a. to put into practiceb. not to put into practicec. to be put into practiced. to be not put into practice128. ______ is what she wants to know.a. Who to do itb. Whom to do itc. Who does it dod. Whom doing it129. My wife suggested ______ to Scotland for a holiday, but I favor ______ Wales instead. a. to go…to visit b. going …visitingc. to go…visitingd. going …to visit130. There are several ______ leaves on the ground.a. fallingb. fallenc. to falld. fellKey:81 A 82 B 83 C 84 A 85 C 86 B 87 B 88 A 89 C 90 D91 B 92 D 93 B 94 B 95 B 96 C 97 D 98 B 99 A 100 D101 A 102 C 103 B 104 B 105 C 106 B 107 B 108 A 109 B 110 B 111 D 112 D 113 C 114 D 115 C 116 C 117 B 118 A 119 B 120 B 121 C 122 D 123 B 124 C 125 B 126 D 127 C 128 A 129 B 130 B。