主谓一致
Ⅰ. 主谓一致的原则：
1. 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。一般来说，不可数名词与可数名词单数谓语用动词单数。
2. 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数一致。
3. 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于靠近它的词语。
英语中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。一般根据句子的形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。
Ⅱ. 常用的易混的几种情况：
1. 主语是不可数名词,动名词, 不定式或从句时,谓语动词用单数。但如主语是两个或以上的不同的的动作就用复数谓语动词。
2. and连接的两个作主语的单数名词指同一个人或物时,用单数动词。而由and连接的两个或更多的主语前有each，every，many a/an，no时用单数动词。
根据提示完成句子。
w Smoking is（吸烟是）not a good habit.
w To live happily needs（幸福地生活需要）a lot of things.
w What I said is（我所说的是）true.
w Smoking and drinking are（吸烟与饮酒是）two bad habits.
w How and when she finished the work（她何时、如何完成工作的）is really interesting. w How she met him (她如何遇到他的) and when she married him are important to me.
w The singer and song writer（那位歌手兼词作者）is dead.
w The science and technology（这种科技）plays（play）an important part in China.
w Every boy and girl（每个男孩和女孩）in the class works（工作）very hard.
w Each minute and second is（每一分、每一秒都是）valuable to us senior students.
3. 主语后跟有with，along with，together with，besides，as well as，but，except等短语时，不算主语成分，谓语动词要和主语一致。
4. 由some，any，no，every构成的复合代词和each，either，neither，one，another，little，a little，much作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
5. both，few，a few，several，many及others作主语时，用复数。
根据所给动词的正确形式填空：
w Jack with his family wants (want) to go to China.
w He, as well as you, is (be) very honest.
w Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed (kill) in the accident.
w I, along with my 200 students, am (be) interested in the movie.
w Each of you is (be) cleverer than me.
w Is (be) anybody here?
6. all，none，any ，some，more和most代替单数名词，谓语动词用单数；代替复数名词，就用复数动词。同理适用于分数，百分数以及the rest作主语时。
7. 就近原则：由or ，either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also连接的两个或以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语一致。there be句型也属此类。
8. 若主语是“复数”，“一段时间”，“一笔钱”，“一段距离”，“一个面积”等时用单数谓语动词。
用be动词的适当形式填空：
w Most of the apple is bad. Most of the apples are bad.
w None of this money is yours. None of the people here are teachers.
w 20% (of the students) are going to the movie to enjoy the hit.
w 60% (of the human body) is water.
w There is /are a book and two pens/ two pens and a book in the bag.
w You or he is wrong. Are you or he wrong?
w Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.
w Not only the basketball players but also the coach was very nervous.
w Two weeks is enough for me to finish it.
w Five thousand dollars is too much.
w Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.
9. people (人民)，police，cattle (牛群)等常用复动词。有一些集合名词，表示整体就用单数动词，表示其中的个体就用复数谓语。如：family，class，audience，public，team。
10. 有些形容词加上the ，用来表示一类人，谓语为复数。
11. 像trousers, pants , shorts, glasses, scissors等作主语时,谓语动词用复数；但带有a pair of,
a suit of, a set of, a series of等单位词，则由这些单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。
12. 但以-s结尾的词并不都是复数：
用be的适当形式填空。
w Traffic police are always very busy, especially at the busy streets.
w His family was poor and couldn’t afford the tuition.
w My family are going on a trip this summer.
w The sick here are very well cared for.
w This pair of scissors is made in Hangzhou.
w Mathematics is the science of numbers.
Þ综合练习：把下面的句子译成汉语。
1. 《战争与和平》（“War and Peace”）是我读过的最好的书。”War and peace” is the best book（that）I have ever read.
2. 除我以外没有人是学生了。No one but I is a student.
3. 两个学生都没有通过考试。Neither students has passed the exam.
4. 几个朋友应邀来参加聚会。Several friends were invited to the party.
5. 或者他或者你不得不说出实情。Either he or you have to tell the truth.
6. 我们中其余的人都热爱自由胜过世界上其它任何东西。The rest (of us) love freedom than anything in the world.
7. 文章的其他部分需要重写。The rest (of the article) needs rewriting.
8. 现在公众逐渐了解了整个报道。The public now come to know the whole story.
9. 他的蓝裤子已经穿破了。His blue trousers have worn out.
10. 在圣诞节英国人喜欢和家人在一起。The English like to be with families at charismas.
