英语主谓一致总结

主谓一致总结

主谓一致关系是根据主语的单，复数，来对应使用单，复数的谓语动词，因此正确判断主语为单数还是复数是主谓一致的关键。主谓一致一般根据三个原则。1，语法上一致的原则，即；名词后是否是复数标记“S”。2，概念上一致的原则，即：根据主语所表达的数目概念而不取决于表面的语法标记。3，紧邻词一致的原则，即：动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。下面我们根据这三个原则对常见的主谓一致的情况小结如下：

一，非谓语动词短语，介词短语，主语从句做主语时一般表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，这符合概念上一致的原则。

1，To see is to believe,

2,After the meeting is the time to visit,

3,What you told me is correct,

二，形复意单的名词做主语时谓语用单数，符合概念上一致的原则。如；works(工施，作品)，means(方法),news ,及部分学科名词，physics ,politics, math等

News is travelling fast now days,

Every means has been tried ,

但学科名词前有物主代词修饰表示该学科的能力，谓语动词用复数。

My math are weak.

三，复数名词或短语作为单一概念（如：时间，价格，重量），谓语用单数。

Ten dollars a day is a good income.

Fifty miles is not a long way.

四，复数形式的专有名词作为整体对待，如（人名，地点，国家，组织，书刊，报刊等）谓语用单数，

The united states is in north America,

The New York Times is widely read in the world.

五，由and 连接的并列主语，如果指的是同一人物或事物，同一概念，动词用单数，符合概念一致的原则。

A needle and thread was given her ,but she could not sew the button.

A poet and novelist has visited our school.

六，在each ……and …..each, 或every …..and .every….. no….and no…..之后连接的并列主语视为单数形式，谓语用单数。

Each boy and each girl was in need of help.

Every flower and every tree is to be cut down,

No engineer and no worker was in the workshop.

七。不定代词做主语，谓语用单数，符合语法一致的原则。如：one ,anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, each , either , neither ,the other , nothing ,everything,

但each , every , everybody ,anybody ,no body, 等后跟有复数名词时，谓语用复数，符合紧邻词一致的原则。Nobody ,not even the children were interested.

八。如果主语是more than +单数名词做主语，尽管从意义上看是复数，谓语用单数，More than a month has passed since I came here.

但more…..than one 做主语时谓语用复数，

More persons than one have been involved.

十，以“。。。。。加（减，乘，除）。。。。等于”结构做主语表示整体概念，谓语用单数。

Two times two is four, Two plus two is four.

十一。以one and a half +名词复数作主语，谓语用单数。

One and a half months has passed =A month and half has passed .

但one or two +复数名词做主语，谓语用复数。

There are one or two things I’d like to know about.

十二。用引号引起的词语作主语谓语用单数。

“I”is the ninth letter of English alphabet.

十三。由两个部件构成一个整体的形复意单的名词做主语时，谓语用复数，符合语法一致的原则。如；trousers, shorts ,glasses, shoes,等。

My blue trousers have worn out .但这类名词和单位量词a pair of 连用时谓语用单数。This pair of shoes is very expensive .

十四。有些无复数标记的名词做主语时，形式单数但意义是复数，动词用复数，符合概念上一致的原则。

The cattle are well fed. Many people were present at the meeting .

十五。集合名词做主语时，动词的数要与主语所指的数的概念一致。

Our group are visiting the Great Wall next week.

Our group is to start out in ten minutes.

My family is a big one . My family are fond of games.

十六。用and 连接的并列主语，动词用复数，

A hammer and a saw are useful tools.

Jane ,Mary and Aellen are cousions.

十七。由as well as , besides, .like ,with , a long with , together with

No less than , rather than ,including , as much as ,but , except,等引导的短语跟在后面的单数或复数名词，其主语的数不受这些短语的影响。

The father as well as his children likes this painting .

The teacher with her students waters the flower every day .

十八。由or ,either …..or . neither …..nor …. Not only ….but also…连接的并列主语时，通常根据就近原则，即要求动词与最近的并列成分保持数的一致。

Either you or I am wrong.

十九。None 和any 可以指单数可数名词，复数可数名词，和不可数名词，它们做主语时要根据它们所指的名词的数来决定动词的数。

None is so good as he , None are so good as these who are always ready to help.

He has drunk much wine ,Is there any left in the bottle

二十。None of +复数名词（代词）则可根据整个主语的概念决定动词的数，符合概念一致的原则，也符合与紧邻词一致的原则。

None of them have come .None of them has come .

二十一。分数，百分数，+名词做主语应根据分数所修饰的名词的数来决定。

5%of the students of the class come from Harbin,

Two –thirds of the apple goes bad,

二十二。在one of +复数名词+who （that ）引导的定语从句中，从句的位于动词的数要按照就近原则，但，当one 之前有only 等修饰时用单数。

He is the only one of the students who has finished his homework.

He is one of the students who have finished their homework .

二十三，凡是以the +形容词，分词作主语指人时，谓语用复数，指事物时用单数。