高级英语1 Speech on Hitler's Invasion

高级英语课后习题答案Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R.I .Give brief answers to the following questions, using your own words as much as possible:1) When and how did the Germans attack the Soviet Union?2) What was Churchill‘s reaction to the news of Hitler‘s invasion of Russia? Why?3) Why did Churchill side with the Soviet Union since he had always been an avowed enemy of communism?4) What policy did Churchill declare Britain would pursue?5) What, according to Churchill, was Hitler‘s motive in invading Russia? Do you agree with him?Ⅱ .Paraphrase:1) Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies in this country and the U. S. A.2) Winant said the same would be true of the U. S. A.3) My life is much simplified thereby.4) I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.5) I see the Greman bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.6) We shall be strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.7) Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain.Ⅲ. Translate the following into Chinese:1) I have only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, and my life is much simplified thereby. If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House ofCommons.2) If Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightest divergence of aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who are resolved upon his doom, he is woefully mistaken.3) He wishes to destroy the Russian power because he hopes that if he succeeds in this he will be able to bring back the main strength of his Army and Air Force from the East and hurl it upon this island, which he knows he must conquer or suffer the penalty of his crimes.4) He hopes that he may once again repeat, upon a greater scale than ever before, that process of destroying his enemies one by one by which he has so long thrived and prospered, and that then the scene will be clear for the final act, without which all his couquests would be in vain -- namely, the subjugation of the Western Hemisphere to his will and to his system.IV. Look up the following words in the dictionary and explain the meaning of ?anti -‘in each case. Put them into Chinese and give further examples.1) anti-imperialist, antichrist2) antibacterial, antifreeze3) antiaircraft, anti - ballistic missile4) antithesis, antiheroV. All the following sentences contain metaphors. Rewrite these sentences, using plain, non-figurative language.1) He was almost at the end of his tether when he stumbled on the solution of his difficulty.2) After the failure of his last novel his reputation stands on slippery grounds.3) He turned a blind eye to the bad conditions in his factory.4) People who live in glass houses should not throw stones.5) This may teach the young man not to play with fire.6) His industry, perseverance and determination ultimately brought him a rich harvest.7) The pupils took a leaf out of their teacher‘s book.8) After his first novel came out, the writer received an avalanche of letters.Ⅵ. Pick out the metaphors used in the text and expl ain their meanings in your own words.Models: standing on the threshold of their native land – Here threshold is used metaphorically, meaning entrance, or more literally, frontiers.VII. Write five sentences or phrases containing alliteration.Models:1) fighting for his hearth and home2) Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience.VII. In his speech, Churchill uses a lot of repetitions and parallel structures to achieve emphasis. Pick them out from the text.Models:1) From this nothing will turn us - nothing. (repetition of words)2) Behind all this glare, behind all this storm (parallel structure)3) That is our policy and that is our declaration. (parallel structure)4) We will never parley. We will never negotiate (repetition of meaning in different words)IX. Pick out words or phrases from the text that clearly showChurchill’s extreme contempt for Nazidom.X. Replace the italicized words with simple, everyday words:1) There only remained the task of composing it. ( )2) The Germans "seemed to be driving forward with great rapidity and violence. ( )3) Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies ( )4) he reverted to this theme( )5) He devoted the whole day to it ( )6) I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land ( )7) I see the Russian soldiers guarding the fields... tilled from time immemorial ( )8) I see that small group of villainous men, who plan, organize ( )9) I feel sure it is a decision in which the Great Dominions will in due course concur. ( )10) We will never parley. ( )11) Without distinction of race, creed, or party ( )12) He is woefully mistaken ( )13) And saved the world from this catastrophe ( )XI. Translate the following into English (using the following words or expressions: to be true of, to that effect, to subjugate, just as, to overwhelm, but, to count on):1)这对农村和城市都一样适用。

RHETORICSimile: a comparison between two unlike things having at least one quality or characteristic in common.tenor: the subject of the comparisonVehicle: the image of which this idea is conveyedThe vehicle is almost always introduced by the word "like" or "as".The bus (tenor) went as slowly similarity as a snail (vehicle).The water lay grey and wrinkled like an elephant's skin.Her eyes were jet black, and her hair was like a waterfall.Metaphor: a comparison between two unlike things, but the comparison is implied rather than stated. Contrary to a simile in which the resemblance between two unlike things is clearly stated, in a metaphor nothing is mentioned.The essential form of a metaphor is X is Y, and all forms of metaphor can be condensed into this form.Snow clothes the ground.Snow (X---tenor) is clothe (Y---vehicle).Boys and girls, tumbling in the streets and playing, were moving jewels.Boy (X---tenor) is jewel (Y---vehicle) .The ship ploughed the sea.Ship (X --- tenor) is plough (Y ---vehicle)Metaphor: They will be rounded up in hordes.I see Russian soldiers standing on the threshold...Means of existence is wrung from the soil...Metaphor: cataract of horrorsrid the earth of his shadow...liberate people from his yokeThe scene will be clear for the final act.Alliteration: dull, drilled, docile...for his hearth and homewith its clanking, heel-clicking...Assonance: the use of the same or related, vowel sounds in successive wordsclanking, heel-clicking,…cowing and tying ...plodding on like crawling locusts, ...smarting from many a British whipping... easier and safer preyRepetition: We have but one aim and one single purposenothing will turn us---nothingWe will never parley, we will never negotiate...This is our policy and this is our declarationas we shall faithfully and steadfastlyParallelism: The past, with its crimes,its follies,and its tragedies...I see,...I see...the return of the bread-winner,of their champion,of their protectorWe shall fight him by land,we shall fight him by sea,we shall fight him in the airAny man or state...Any man or state...Let us...Let us...Noun phrases: I had not the slightest doubt where ...With great rapidity and violencePeriodic sentences: When I awoke on...invasion of Russia.If Hitler imagines that... woefully mistaken.二十二日星期天早晨，我一醒来便接到了希特勒入侵苏联的消息。

高级英语第一册lesson5 Speech on Hitler's Invasion of the U.S.S.R.补充练习2007年01月01日星期一下午10:37《高级英语》第一册练习Lesson 5Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.RⅠ. Word explanation1. convictionA. conventionB. well established factC. the state of being convincedD. certainly2. consultA. adviceB. suggestC. look upD. go to a person3. privateA. personB. one's ownC. previousD. preserve4. count onA. depend onB. expectC. take into accountD. all of5. enlistA. win overB. attractiveC. obtainD. both A and C6. meansA. unkindB. to representC. averageD. method7. onslaughtA. invasionB. aggressionC. fierce attackD. annexation8. cataractA. cataclysmB. waterfallC. disasterD. flood9. preyA. sth. killedB. speak to GodC. pleaseD. enemy10. allyA. join or uniteB. without the company of othersC. the centre of sth.D. volunteer11. fortifyA. multiply by fortyB. strengthenC. a strongholdD. fortress12. doomA. graveB. sepulchralC. terrible fateD. barge13. preludeA. introductory movementB. to lure in advanceC. tyrantD. steadfast14. interveneA. invadeB. aggressionC. intermezzoD. interfere15. ferociousA. brutishly violentB. attacking on purposeC. benign situationD. obedient16. presentlyA. right awayB. nowC. deliverD. gift17. portionA. porkB. partC. portD. proper18. hordeA. classB. squadC. companyD. throng19. primordialA. primeB. introductoryC. primitiveD. element20. smartA. painfulB. wisdomC. foeD. folly21. vestigeA. traceB. vestC. investD. privilege22. resolveA. solveB. settleC. revolveD. determine23. accomplishA. accompanyB. achieveC. complimentD. complement24. distinctionA. distinctB. distinguishedC. differenceD. instinct25. rescueA. recoverB. queueC. obscureD. obscureⅡ. Replace each underlined part with one word learnt in the text, the first letter of which is given:1. Pressures made him go back to his old habit of smoking.r2. The teacher wrote his remark of the composition in the margin. c3. The lecture has been put off till next Friday.p4. She still suffered in mindunder his unkind words.s5. The men threw their spears at the enemy.h6. I earnestly hope that you will agree with me on this issue. c7. Don't trust him, he is as clever as a fox. c8. He came to America as a poor immigrant but soon got rich as a merchant.p9. It is not our aim to conquer our foe, we are interested only in establishing peaceful relations.s10. The fine for spitting on the street is 5 yuan. pⅢ. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the following words or expressions in its proper form. Ea ch word or expression is to be used only once.appeal to, be true of, count on, devoid of,fresh from, in due course, issue, on the contrary, rid...of, round up, thereby, to that effect1. The great today is whether there will be war or peace.2. The sheepdog the sheep and drove them through the gate.3. Our team is you to win the match, Joe.4. As "due to", "prior to" can never begin a sentence.5. He finished first in the race, winning the championship for his school.6. She called him a villain or words .7. Sound waves can not travel through a space air.8. These are eggs the hen, not preserved ones.9. I will answer all your questions .10. His speech did not the head so much as to the heart.Ⅴ. Reading comprehension.1. The sentence “I asked that notice should immediately be given that I would broadcast at 9 o’clo ck that night” means that:A. I noticed that I should deliver a speech at 9 that night.B. I asked them to notice me giving a speech at 9 that night.C. that I was to give a speech at 9 that night should be noticed.D. the BBC should be informed that the P.M. would deliver a speech at 9 that night.2. The sentence “I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.” means:A. The Russian Army was broken up into small groups and would be captured one after anothe r by the Germans.B. The Germans came into Russia like hordes of beasts, surrounding and capturing many cities .C. The Russian army would line up to form a circle so as to surround the GermansD. The German army would line up to form a circle so as to surround the Russians.3. The sentence “it is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination” can be understood as:A. Hitler and his regime were greedy and wanted to surpass other nations.B. For Hitler and his gang, nothing could be considered as ideal or guiding principle. The conq uest of and rule over other nations was the strongest desire in them.C. The only thing that Hitler and his gang wanted was to be better than other nations.D. Hitler and his regime had conquered many other nations and this was very bad.4. According to the speech, Hitler had believed that his attack on the USSR would:A. cause conflicts between the United States and Great Britain.B. ignite sympathy from the right wing of the western countries.C. make the United States retreat from the war.D. lead to a conclusion of the war.5. According to the text, the final act of Hitler’s aggression was to:A. defeat his enemy one by one.B. make the whole western hemisphere subject to his rule.C. completely destroy the USSR.D. free the Russians from communist rule.第一册第5课练习答案1-1: /答案:B1-2: /答案:C1-3: /答案:B1-4: /答案:D1-5: /答案:D1-6: /答案:D1-7: /答案:C1-8: /答案:B1-9: /答案:A1-10: /答案:A1-11: /答案:B1-12: /答案:C1-13: /答案:A1-14: /答案:D1-15: /答案:A1-16: /答案:A1-17: /答案:B1-18: /答案:D1-19: /答案:C1-20: /答案:A1-21: /答案:A1-22: /答案:D1-23: /答案:B1-24: /答案:C1-25: /答案:D2-1: /答案: revert2-2: /答案: comment2-3: /答案:postponed2-4: /答案:smarted2-5: /答案: hurled2-6: /答案: concur2-7: /答案:crafty2-8: /答案:prospered2-9: /答案:subjugate2-10: /答案:penalty3-1: /答案: issue3-2: /答案:rounded up 3-3: /答案: counting on 3-4: /答案: is true of3-5: /答案:thereby3-6: /答案: to that effect 3-7: /答案: devoid of3-8: /答案: fresh from 3-9: /答案:in due course 3-10: /答案:appeal to4-1: /答案:D 4-2: /答案:A 4-3: /答案:B 4-4: /答案:B 4-5: /答案:B。

Lesson 14 Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R.一、词汇短语1. horde n. a large group or crowd; a swarm群，人群：hordes of people 大群人2. Cabinet n. the politicians with important positions in agovernment who meet to make decisions or advise the leader of thegovernment内阁3. croquet n. a game played on grass in which players hit ballswith wooden mallets槌球游戏4. luncheon n. a lunch, especially a formal one午宴，正式的午餐5. Nazi n. a member of the National Socialist German Workers’Party, founded in Germany in 1919 and brought to power in 1933 under Adolph Hitler纳粹分子6. regime n. a government in power; administration当权政府，统治：They are suffered under the new regime.他们遭受新政府的统治。

7. devoid adj. completely lacking; destitute or empty完全没有的，缺乏的（of）：be devoid of common sense缺乏常识8. excel vt. to do or be better than; surpass优于，超过：excel sb. in knowledge学识过人9. ferocious adj. extremely savage; fierce极为野蛮的，残忍的；凶猛的：ferocious animals凶猛的野兽10. threshold n. the place or point of beginning; the outset起点，开端：at the threshold of在……的开始11. till vt. to prepare (land) for the raising of crops, as by plowing andharrowing; cultivate耕作，耕耘：till the field耕耘一片田地12. adj.extending back beyond memory orrecord; ancient古老的，远古的，无法追忆的13. wring vt. to obtain or extract by applying force or pressure迫取，强求，榨取：The police had wrung the truth out of the recalcitrant witness.警察从那个顽固的目击者口中逼出事情的真相。

应若跃⓪Para 5:After dinner when I was walking on the croquet lawn with Mr.Churchill,hereverted to this theme and I asked whether for him,the arch anti-communist,this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon ...'...If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons .'⓪to bow down in the House of Rimmon:为求一致而牺牲自己，口是心非⓪the House of Lord:英国上议院⓪the House of Commons:英国下议院⓪晚饭后,当我与丘吉尔先生在槌球场上散步时,他再次提起这个话题。

于是我问他,作为一名坚定的反共分子,这种态度是否意味着政治立场的改变......'假如希特勒入侵地狱,我至少要在下议院为魔鬼求情说几句好话。

’（胡志红,2000:103）==>政治立场的改变Mr. Churchill was an arch anti-communist,I asked whether this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon for him.⓪Para7:It excels all forms of human wickness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression.⓪in the efficiency of:在......方面的效率⓪纳粹政权在残酷镇压和疯狂侵略方面，极为拿手，人类过去这方面的一切卑劣行径都望尘莫及。

Speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.RWinston S. ChurchillWhen I awoke on the morning of Sunday, the 22nd, the news was brought to me of Hitler’s invasion of Russia. This changed conviction into certainty. I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and our policy lay. Nor indeed what to say. There only remained the task of composing it. I asked that notice should immediately be given that I would broadcast at 9 o’clock that night. Presently General Dill, who had hastened down from London, came into my bedroom with detailed news. The Germans had invaded Russia on an enormous front, had surprised a large portion of the Soviet Air Force grounded on the airfields, and seemed to be driving forward with great rapidity and violence. The chief of the Im perial General Staff added, “I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.”I spent the day composing my statement. There was not time to consult the War Cabinet, nor was it necessary. I knew that we all felt the same on this issue. Mr. Eden, Lord Beaverbrook, and Sir Strafford Cripps—he had left Moscow on the 10th—were also with me during the day.The following account of this Sunday at Chequers by my Private Secretary, Mr. Colville, who was on duty this weekend, may be of interest:“On Saturday, June 21, I went down to Chequers just before dinner. Mr. and Mrs. Winant, Mr. and Mrs. Eden, and Edward Bridges were staying. During dinner Mr. Churchill said that a German attack on Russia was now certain, and he thought that Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies in this country and the U.S.A. Hitler was, however, wrong and we should go all out to help Russia. Winant said the same would be true of the U.S.A.After dinner, when I was walking on the croquet lawn with Mr. Churchill, he reverted to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon. Mr. Churchill replied, ‘Not at all. I have only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, and my life is much simplified thereby. If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.’I was awoken at 4 a.m. the following morning by a telephone message from the F.O. to the effect that Germany had attacked Russia. The P.M. had always said that he was never to be woken up for anything but Invasion (of England). I therefore postponed telling him till 8 a.m. His only comment was, ‘Tell the B.B.C. I will broadcast at 9 tonight.’ He began to prepare the speech at 11 a.m., and except for luncheon, at which Sir Stafford Cripps, Lord Cranborne, and Lord Beaverbrook were present, he devoted the whole day to it…The speech was only ready at twenty minutes to nine.”In this broadcast I said:“The Nazi regime is indistinguishable from the worst feat ures of Communism. It is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination. It excels all forms of human wickedness in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious aggression. No one has been a more consistent opponent of Communism than I have for the last twenty-five years. I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it. But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding. The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies, flashes away. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial. I see them guarding their homes where mothers and wives pray—ah, yes, for there are times when all pray—for the safety of their loved ones, the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their protector. I see the ten thousand villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where there are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh and children play. I see advancing upon all this in hideous onslaught the Nazi war machine, with its clanking, heel-clicking, dandified Prussian officers, its crafty experts fresh from the cowing and tying down of a dozen countries. I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.“B ehind all this glare, behind all this storm, I see that small group of villainous men who plan, organise, and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind…“I have to declare the decision of his Majesty’s Government—and I feel sure it is a decision in which the great Dominions will in due course concur—for we must speak out now at once, without a day’s delay. I have to make the declaration, but can you doubt what our policy will be? We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose. We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime. From this nothing will turn us—nothing. We will never parley, we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke. Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aids. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe…That is our policy and that is our declaration. It follows therefore that we shall give whatever help we can to Russia and the Russian people. We shall appeal to all our friends and allies in every part of the world to take the same course and pursue it, as we shall faithfully and steadfastly to the end…“This is no class war, but a war in which the whole British Empire and Commonwealth of Nations is engaged, without distinction of race, creed, or party. It is not for me to speak of the action of the United States, but this I willsay: if Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightest divergence of aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who are resolved upon his doom, he is woefully mistaken. On the contrary, we shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind from his tyranny. We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and in resources.“This is no time to moralise on the follies of countries and Governments which have allowed themselves to be struck down one by one, when by united action they could have saved themselves and saved the world from this catastrophe. But when I spoke a few minutes ago of Hitler’s blood-lust and the hateful appetites which have impelled or lured him on his Russian adventure I said there was one deeper motive behind his outrage. He whishes to destroy the Russian power because he hopes that if he succeeds in this he will be able to bring back the main strength of his Army and Air Force from the East and hurl it upon this Island, which he knows he must conquer or suffer the penalty of his crimes. His invasion of Russia is no more than a prelude to an attempted invasion of the British Isles. He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplished before the winter comes, and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and air-power of the United States may intervene. He hopes that he may once again repeat, upon a greater scale than ever before, that process of destroying his enemies on by one by which he has so long thrived and prospered, and that then the scene will be clear for the final act, without which all his conquests would be in vain—namely, the subjugation of the Western Hemisphere to his will and to his system.“The Russian danger is therefore our danger, and the danger of the United States, just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth and home is the cause of free men and free peoples in every quarter of the globe. Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain.”。

speech on hitler's invasion of the u.s.s.r翻译2 今晚，我要借此机会向大家发表演说，因为我们已经来到了战争的关键时刻。

今天凌晨4时，希特勒已进攻并入侵俄国。

既没有宣战，也没有最后通牒，但德国炸弹却突然在俄国城市上空象雨点般地落下，德国军队大举侵犯俄国边界。

一小时后，德国大使拜见俄国外交部长，称两国已处于战争状态。

但正是这位大使，昨夜却喋喋不休地向俄国人保证，德国是朋友，而且几乎是盟友。

希特勒是个十恶不赦、杀人如麻、欲望难填的魔鬼，而纳粹制度除了贪得无厌和种族统治外，别无主旨和原则。

它横暴凶悍，野蛮侵略，为人类一切形式的卑劣行径所不及。

它的残酷行为和凶暴侵略所造成的恶果超过了各式各样的人类罪行。

在过去二十五年中，没有一个人像我这样始终一贯地反对共产主义。

我并不想收回我说过的话。

但是，这一切，在正在我们眼前展现的情景对照之下，都已黯然失色了。

过去的一切，连同它的罪恶，它的愚蠢和悲剧，都一闪而逝了。

我看见俄国士兵站在祖国的大门口，守卫着他们的祖先自远古以来劳作的土地。

我看见他们守卫着自己的家园，他们的母亲和妻子在祈祷——呵，是的，有时人人都要祈祷，祝愿亲人平安，祝愿他们的赡养者、战斗者和保护者回归。

我看到俄国上万的村庄，那里穿衣吃饭都依靠土地，生活虽然十分艰辛，那儿依然有着人类的基本乐趣，少女在欢笑，儿童在玩耍。

我看见纳粹的战争机器向他们碾压过去，穷凶极恶地展开了屠杀。

我看见全副戎装，佩剑、马刀和鞋钉叮当作响的普鲁士军官，以及刚刚威吓、压制过十多个国家的、好诈无比的特工高手。

我还看见大批愚笨迟钝，受过训练，唯命是从，凶残暴忍的德国士兵，象一大群爬行的蝗虫正在蹒跚行进。

我看见德国轰炸机和战斗机在天空盘旋，它们依然因英国人的多次鞭挞而心有余悸，却在为找到一个自以为唾手可得的猎物而得意忘形。

在这番嚣张气焰的背后，在这场突然袭击的背后，我看到了那一小撮策划、组织并向人类发动这场恐怖战争的恶棍。

Lesson 14
1.这对农村和城市都一样适用。

2.他指望他们给与支持、
3.我不记得他是怎么说的，但我肯定他讲话的大意是那样的。

4.客人们对受到的热情接待感到过意不去。

5.他们用出其不意的进攻打垮了敌人。

6.他们的困难就是我们的困难，正如我们把它们的胜利看做是我们自己的胜利
一样。

7.很明显，德国法西斯企图使那个地区的人民屈服于他们的统治。

参考答案
1.This is true of the rural area as well as of the urban area.
2.He was counting on their support.
3.I don’t remember his exact words, but I’m sure he did say something to that effect.
4.The guests were overwhelmed by the warm reception.
5.They overwhelmed the enemy by a surprise attack.
6.Their difficulty is our difficulty just as we view their victory as our own victory.
7.It is clear that German fascists were trying to subjugate the people in that region.。

关于希特勒进侵苏联讲话译文Speech on Hitler's Invasion of the U.S.S.R.关于希特勒入侵苏联的讲话——温斯顿.丘吉尔1.二十二日星期天早晨，我一醒来便听到了希特勒入侵俄国的消息。

这就使原先深信不疑的事情变成了铁定的事实。

我完全清楚我们对此应该承担何种义务，采取何种政策。

我也完全清楚该如何就此事发表声明。

尚待完成的只不过是将这一切形成文字而已。

于是，我指示有关部门立即发布通告，说我将于当晚九点钟发表广播讲话。

不一会儿，匆匆从伦敦赶到的迪尔将军走进我的卧室，为我带来了详细的情报。

德国人已在广阔的战线上入侵俄国，俄国空军大部分飞机还没来得及起飞便遭到德军的突然袭击。

德军目前似乎正以凌厉的攻势极为迅猛地向前推进。

这位帝国军队的总参谋长补充道，“我估计他们将会大批地被聚歼。

”2.一整天我都在写讲稿，根本没有时间与战时内阁进行磋商，也没有必要这样做。

我知道我们大家在这个问题上的立场是完全一致的。

依登先生、比弗布鲁克勋爵，还有斯塔福德.克里普斯爵士——他是十号离开莫斯科回国的——那天也和我在一起。

3.那个周末值班的是我的首席私人秘书科尔维先生。

下面这段是他记述的那个星期天里契克斯别墅发生的情况，也许值得一提:4.“六月二十一日，星期六。

晚饭前我前往契克斯别墅。

怀南特夫妇、依登夫妇和爱德华.布里奇斯等几位均在那儿。

席间，丘吉尔先生说，德国人入侵俄国已经确定无疑。

他认为希特勒在指望博取英美两国的资本家和右翼势力的同情和支持。

不过，希特勒的如意算盘打错了。

我们将全力以赴援助苏联。

怀南特表示美国也会持同样的态度。

5.晚饭后，当我同丘吉尔先生在槌球场上散步时，他又谈到了这一话题。

我当时问他，对于他这个头号反共人物来说，这样做是否言行不一，口是心非。

“绝非如此。

我只有一个目标，那就是摧毁希特勒，这样一来，我的生活目标也大为简化了。

如果希特勒入侵地狱，我也会在下院至少为魔鬼说一句好话。

Lesson5 Speech on Hitler's Invasion of the U.S.S.R.I . 1)Germany attacked Russia on an enormous front by air on Sunday, June 22.2)He was not surprised at the news, because he had thought that the Germans would attack the Soviet Union.3)Because he had only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, who he thought was the worst in the world.4) The policy that Churchill declared Britain would pursue was to destroy Hitler and wipe off every single trace of the Nazi regime.5)According to Churchill, Hitler's invasion of Russia served as the first step for his invasion of Britain, thus controlling of the Western Hemisphere.Ⅱ.1)Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism.2)Winant said the United States would adopt the same attitude.3)In this way, my life is made much easier in this case, it will be much easier for me to decide on my attitude towards events.4)I will not take back a single word of what I have said about Communism.5) I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, who, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.6) We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller use of our resources.7)Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.IV.1 ) anti-Communist 反共产主义的（人）；antichrist反对基督（教）的（人）Here "anti-"means "against", "hostile to", "opposed to". Other examples, anti-Japanese, anticolonial, anti-party, anti-imperialist, anti-fascist, anti-apartheid, antidraft, antislavery, anti-Smith.2) antibacterial抗细菌的，抗菌物；antifreeze 防冻剂In these two cases, "anti-"means "preventing', "curing', "neutralizing" or "reducing". Other examples : antiknock, antitoxin, anti-pollution, anti-malarial, antifriction, anti-icer.3)antiaircraft 防空的anti-ballistic missile反弹道导弹Here "anti-"has the meaning of "counteracting", "operating against "or "resisting". Other examples: antitank, antipersecution, antitrust, antigas, antisubmarine, antidote, antimagnetic.4 )antithesis （修辞学中的）对句，对话，偶句；antihero （小说，戏剧中）不按传统性主角品格塑造的主角Here "anti-"means "opposite", "reverse". Other examples : antimatter, antipole, antiparticle, antineutron, antiphrasis, antipode, antinovel.V.1)He was almost at the end of his powers when…2)-"his reputation is uncertain.3)He completely ignored…4)People who are in a vulnerable position should not attack others.5)This may teach the young man not to take foolish risks.6)"'brought him great success.7)The pupils took the teacher as their example.8)...an enormous pile of letters.Ⅵ.1)Whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was riot bowing down in the House of Rimmon :whether he was not renouncing his previous attitude towards Communism; whether he was not changing his position since he had all along been opposed to Communism.2)I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes: I think the Red armymen will be surrounded and captured in surprisingly large numbers.3)The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination: Here "appetite" is used metaphorically, meaning strong German desire for conquest.4)Still smarting from many a British whipping: Here "whipping" is used metaphorically, meaning counterattack.5)rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke: Here both "shadow" and "yoke" are used metaphorically, the former meaning the very strong power or influence (of Hitler) and the latter meaning control.Ⅶ.1)as cool as cucumber 2)fact and fantasy3)He came back sound and safe.4)She sang a song.5) Next to health, heart and home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon the automobile.Ⅷ.Parallel structure :1)We will never parleyWe will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang2)We shall fight him by landWe shall fight him by seaWe shall fight him in the air3)behind all this glarebehind all this storm I see'"4)1 see the Russian soldiers standing'"I see them guarding...I see the ten thousand villages...I see advancing upon...I see also the dull…I see the German bombers…I see that small group…5)that is our policyand that is our declaration6)We shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts.We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and resources.7)Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience.Let us redouble our exertions…Repetition :1)We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.2)He has so long thrived and prospered.3)We will never parley, we will never negotiate...IX.the Nazi war machine, a swarm of crawling locusts, small group of villainous men, his shadow, his yoke, his tyranny, Hitler's blood-lust and the hateful appetitesX.1)preparing, writing down 2)very fast and violently 3)obtaining, getting 4)returned 5)spent...on it 6)frontiers 7)ancient time 8)evil 9)agree 10)hold talks with our enemy ll)religious belief; faith 12)sadly, deplorably 13) great and sudden disasterXI.1)This is true of the rural area as well as of the urban area.2)He was counting on their support.3)I don't remember his exact words, but I'm sure he did say something to that effect.4)Churchill said, "Tell Stalin that Britain has but one desire --to crush Hitler.5)Only 9% of the population in that country remains illiterate.6)This leaves them no choice but to rely on his efforts.7)The guests were overwhelmed by the warm reception.8)They overwhelmed the enemy by a surprise attack.9)Their difficulty is our difficulty just as we view their victory as our own victory.10)It is clear that German fascists were trying to put the people in that region under their domination.XII.1)turn 2)turned...into 3)turn 4)turned to 5) turned…into 6 ) turning…to 7 ) turn …on 8) turned down 9 ) turned out 10)turned out 11)turn upXIII.(6) (1) (4) (7) (3) (2) (5)XIV. Omitted.XV.The Nazi regime is the most wicked in the world. Now, it is invading U. S. S. R. , and the Russian soldiers are doing their best to safeguard their country. This is a crucial point. I have to declare the policy we should follow. Our policy is to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime. Therefore, we must make every effort to fight together with those who fight Hitler and his supporters. We must unite all our friends and allies in every part of the world to fight Hitler.Hitler's invasion of Russia is merely a prelude to an invasion of Great Britain, which will lead to his total control over the Western Hemisphere. The Russian danger is therefore our danger, and the danger of the United States. If we don't unite, we'll be struck down one by one. Let us make a joint effort to fight the Nazi German.Lesson6 BLACKMAILI .1)Yes, he did, because he wanted to make them more anxious.2)Because she didn't like her maid and secretary to know what they would talk to the detective.3)Because he thought that he knew their secret and that he was in an advantageous position.4)She found a note made but not destroyed by her husband.5)He found that on the night the couple entered the hotel through the basement instead of the lobby, both very much shaken.6)A brush trace is a mark left on something when lightly touched or rubbed.7)Ogilvie came to talk with them rather than go to report to the police.8)They had to spend one day or two investigating in the suburban areas.9)Because every repair shop had been told to report to the police when a car needing fixing like theirs came in.10)She thought that was safe for them by making use of the detective's avidity.11)Originally, the detective asked for ten thousand only to keep silent and not to report to the police. But now the Duchess was asking him to drive their car north and she was ready to offer such a large sum. She knew the detective was greedy. Given so much money, he would do as she told him to.12)Yes, Ogilvie accepted the Duchess' offer.Ⅱ.1)The house detective's small narrow eyes looked her up and down scornfully from his fat face with a heavy jowl.2)This is a pretty nice room that you have got.3)The fat body shook in a chuckle because the man was enjoying the fact that he could afford to do whatever he liked and also he was appreciating the fact that the Duchess knew why he had come.4)He had an unnaturally high-pitched voice. now, he lowered the pitch. When he spoke5)Ogilvie spat out the words, throwing away his politeness. pretended6)The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families with a history of three centuries and a half. She wouldn't give up easily.7)It's no use. What you did just now was a good attempt at trying to save the situation.8) "That's more acceptable," Ogilvie said. He lit another cigar, "Now we're making some progress. "9)...he looked at the Duchess sardonically as if he wanted to see if she dared to object to his smoking.10)The house detective made noises with his tongue to show his disapproval.Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.IV.1)advertisement 2)brassiers 3)doctor 4)refrigerator 5)gymnasium 6)high fidelity(radio, photography, etc. ) 7) intercommunication system 8)liberation 9)memorandum 10)microphone 11)modern 12)permanent wave 13)poliomyelitis 14)popular-song 15)preparatory (school) 16)professor 17)sister 18)television 19)veterinarian 20)zoologicalV.1)a half-finished letter 2)a half-closed window 3)a piece of half-baked bread 4) a half-turned body 5) a well-appointed hotel 6)well-behaved pupils 7)well-chosen words 8)well-fed children 9)well-informed sources (people) 10) high-flown languageVI.1)sound (v.) His words sound lofty and pretentious.2)figure (v.) Commerce figures largely in the prosperity of the city.3)go (n.) He is always on the go from early morning till late at night.4)try (n.) He didn't succeed in his first try, but he kept on jumping.5)dust (v.) They are dusting6)square(v. ) He squared his the crops with insecticide. shoulders to show his determination．7)good(n．)Overworking yourself will do more harm than good．8)head(v．)On hearing that，he headed straight for the gate without looking back．9)make(n．)I don't like a bicycle of this make．10)reason(v．)If you reason from false premises．how can you expect the conclusion to be sound?Ⅶ.1)real 2)of no use／useless3)are making some progress／are accomplishing something 4)explain it exactly and in detail 5)what happens 6)deduce/reason out 7)started for 8)upset 9)a quick examination or inspection 10)need／occasion 11)observes／notices 12)bribed 13)wealthy／well—to—doⅧ.1)surveyed 2)gaze 3)swept 4)flipped 5)chuckled 6) shot out 7)spat forth these words8)sprang to her feet 9)clasped lO)swung around11)detect 12)staredⅨ.1)sardonic重在嘲讽，sarcastic重在嘲笑。