汽车TIER 1 supplier

汽车行业的供应链概念汽车行业的供应链可以理解为一个复杂的组织网络，包括原料供应商、零部件供应商、生产商、分销商和最终消费者等各个环节，旨在为最终消费者提供高质量、高性能、高安全性的汽车产品。

汽车行业的供应链主要分为以下几个环节：1. 原料供应商（Raw Material Supplier）：汽车行业的原材料主要包括钢材、塑料、橡胶等。

原料供应商负责采购和提供这些原材料，为整个供应链提供基础物质。

2. 零部件供应商（Component Supplier）：零部件供应商是汽车行业中非常重要的一环，他们负责制造和供应汽车所需的各类零部件，如发动机、变速器、座椅、轮胎等。

零部件供应商通常与汽车厂商签订长期的供应合同。

3. 汽车制造商（Automotive Manufacturer）：汽车制造商是整个供应链的核心，他们将原材料和零部件组装成成品车。

汽车制造商通常拥有自己的生产基地，负责生产、制造和品质管理。

4. 物流服务商（Logistics Service Provider）：物流服务商负责整个供应链的物流运输，包括原材料的采购和运输、零部件的运输、成品车的运输等。

物流服务商可以提供仓储、仓储管理、运输、配送等物流服务。

5. 经销商（Dealer）：经销商是汽车行业的销售环节，他们负责将成品车从汽车制造商处购买后，销售给最终用户。

经销商还负责售后服务、维修保养等工作。

6. 最终消费者（End User）：最终消费者就是购买汽车的人，他们是供应链的终点。

他们选择汽车时通常会考虑到品牌、价格、质量、性能、售后服务等因素。

思考汽车行业的供应链，有以下几点要点：首先，汽车行业的供应链是一个全球化的供应链。

随着全球贸易的发展和进步，汽车行业的各个环节通常跨国界进行。

原材料供应商、零部件供应商、汽车制造商等可能来自不同国家或地区，他们通过贸易合作和合作关系连接在一起。

其次，汽车行业的供应链对物流和供应链管理的要求非常高。

Volvo Car CorporationEnvironmental Self-assessment Phased PPAP Requirements HandbookProduction Part ApprovalProcessHandbookVersion 1bIMPORTANTThis process is derived from the Ford process but are not equal to.It is important to ensure that the Volvo Car Corporation version is always used for VCC business as they are NOTinterchangeable.For any queries regarding the process described in this document, please contact your VCC STA Engineer.Phased PPAP IntroductionIn order to improve launch performance the Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) is structured into a phased approach that will require an organisation to demonstrate manufacturing capability, product quality and production capacity prior to Job #1.Phased PPAP will provide Volvo Car Corporation (VCC) and the Supplier with an improved understanding of Supplier manufacturing process and part readiness.Phased PPAP organizes the Production Part Approval Process into four phases: •Run @ Rate Phase 0•Quality Phase 1•Production Phase 2•Capacity Phase 3Benefits of Phased PPAPPhased PPAP will benefit VCC and its Suppliers by:•Dividing PPAP activities into more manageable segments.•Providing a structured approach aligned with manufacturing process development.•Providing program teams with earlier and additional measures to forecast program/product readiness.•Providing a consistent mechanism for a Supplier to demonstrate their ability to support volume requirements/capacity.TeamworkVolvo Car Corporation and its Suppliers must work together to deliver a quality part, produced on-time, that meets all VCC requirements. To drive flawless execution in launching and delivering products that surpass customer expectations, VCC and its Suppliers must place trust, integrity and accuracy above all else in the Production Part Approval Process.What Phased PPAP Means to Volvo car CorporationSuccessful completion of Phased PPAP:•Confirms that all customer engineering design record and specification requirements are properly understood by the Supplier, and that ALLproduction streams have the potential to produce product consistentlymeeting these requirements during an actual production run at the quotedproduction rate.AND•Verifies that the Supplier's production system can support the NWC (Normal Weekly Capacity) declared by the customer.Phased PPAP OverviewScope•Phased PPAP must be completed for any of the situations already specified by the current edition AIAG PPAP Manual. In addition, any increase in theNormal weekly Capacity (NWC) declared by the customer above the verified declared NWC will require the Supplier to re-complete any affected Phased PPAP phases.Trial RunsObjectives:•To trim the process to support a Run @ Rate.•These Trial’s must be planned to support Phase 0Phase 0: R@R (Run at Rate)Objectives:•To confirm that all production input requirements are available and understood, and can support a limited production run.Required Inputs:•Trained Supplier production Operators.•Sub-supplier material status from Tier-x , Phase 1.•Quantity of parts required as defined by Customer(default 300 consecutive parts).•Job 1 location (final site & line).•Planned production cycle times required to support NWC.R@R is a limited production of parts for at least one production stream, and is not a demonstration that all PPAP requirements have been met for that production stream.The following PPAP requirements must be achieved1 Design Record2 Engineering Change Documents3 Customer Engineering Approval4 Design FMEA5 Process Flow Diagrams6 Process FMEA7 Control Plan8 Measure System Analysis StudiesPhase 0 is run-at-rate parts for at least one production stream, and is not a demonstration that all PPAP requirements have been met for that production stream..Important notes:It is required that prior to Phase 0 submission that sub-supplier(s) material status from Tier- x has also achieved Phase 0.Phase 1: Quality VerificationUtilizes parts produced during Phase 0.Objectives:•To confirm all customer design record and specification requirements are properly understood by the Supplier.•To provide an early indicator that the design of the process/tool/facility has the potential to produce product consistently meeting these requirementsduring an actual production run at the quoted production rate by operating a minimum of one selected production stream.Required Inputs:•Partfolder for SuppliersPhase 1 demonstrates that all 18 PPAP requirements have been met for one production stream’Important notes:For suppliers with only one production stream completion of Phase 1 & 2 occur at the same time. It is required that prior to Phase 1 submission that sub-supplier(s) material status from Tier- x has also achieved Phase 1.Phase 2: Production VerificationObjectives:•To confirm all customer engineering design record and specification requirements are properly understood by the Supplier, and that ALLproduction streams have the potential to produce product consistentlymeeting these requirements during an actual production run at the quotedproduction rate.Required Inputs:•Partfolder for SuppliersPhase 2 demonstrates that all PPAP requirements are met for all production streams.Note: The approach adopted for PPAP of multiple production streams is scenario-specific and must be agreed between the Supplier and STA. In general terms each production stream should be assessed for Run-at-Rate and Quality Verification separately. Consideration should also be given to the risk that the introduction of further production streams may impact the validity of the Phase 1approval. (e.g., Phase 1 achieved on cavity #1 of a four cavity tool - the introduction of cavity #2, 3 & 4 may impact the cavity #1 part and it may no longer be to specification).Important note: Phase 2 and Phase 3 can happen concurrently if requirements for both phases are fulfilled.Phase 3: Capacity VerificationObjective:•Verify the Supplier's production system can support customer declared volume requirements while meeting Phase 2 requirements.Required Inputs:•All supplier production operators / all shifts Trained.•Tier 1 material status, Phase 2.•Sub-supplier material status from Tier-x , Phase 2.•Quantity required on one days production to meet customer NWC.•Job 1 location (final site & line).•Planned production cycle times required to support NWC.Definitions:Production StreamA single production stream is a sequence of a minimum of one line, machine, tool, cavity, facility, equipment, gauge, operator and other required items at the intended location and with the intended layout that will be used to produce parts that meet VCC specifications.All production streams must include any additional items not included in the single production stream that are required to meet the Normal Weekly Capacity (NWC) requirements of the intended program being launched (e.g. additional tools, cavities, lines, conveyors, machines).See Capacity Analysis Report for details of capacity planning volume requirements.Normal Weekly Capacity (NWC)Capacity Planning Volumes are the volumes for which VCC requires Suppliers to facilitate and tool-up for.Capacity Planning Volumes are available from the buyer.Suppliers are expected to satisfy the production weekly demand based on a 5day/3 shift manufacturing operating pattern unless cultural norms, laws, or work rules in Supplier's country of manufacture deem otherwise.Refer to the Global Terms and Conditions Capacity Planning Web Acceptable Parts (referenced in Phase 1 objectives)Acceptable Parts are defined as parts produced using the required PPAP inputs for Phase 1 and manufactured in conformance with the relevant control plan and meeting all PPAP requirements.Interim AcceptancePart meets customer specifications, which include a valid Temporary Engineering Specification for temporary exception (TPD).Temporary Engineering Specification (TPD)Temporary specification provided by the customer engineering release organization.Customer Approval of Phased PPAPPhased PPAP Approval•Phase 0 require a Phased PPAP Submission Warrant, however a Capacity Analysis Report Report and supporting documentation must be submittedwith the Phased PPAP Submission Warrant Phase 0 box ticked indicatingand signed by the Supplier.•In addition, the Supplier should have results from Run-at-Rate readily available for STA Site Engineer review and approval when required •Phases 0, 1, 2 and 3 each require a Phased PPAP Submission Warrant and customer approval in line with the AIAG PPAP submission levelrequirements or as otherwise specified by STA.•Phase 3 requires Suppliers to complete the Capacity Analysis Report in addition to the Phased PPAP Submission Warrant.•Suppliers to VCC and its affiliates will utilize the VCC Phased PPAP Warrant.•Suppliers/parts identified as Priority , STA and R&D* will review and either approve, accept or reject the PPAP submission Warrant.•Any temporary exception due to non-compliance with a PPAP element or build timing requirement is handled in line with the Exception ManagementProcess.ExpectationsPhased PPAP Achievement by Build MilestonePPAP Phase Not later than:Phase 0 (minimum 1 production stream)Phase 1 (minimum 1 production stream) TT/MRD Phase 2 (all production streams) PP/MRD Phase 3 (all production streams) MP1 MRD**Exceptions are to be approved by STA Program and Site ManagementPhased PPAP Reporting ExpectationsGlobal Phased PPAP requires Suppliers to track and report on multiple promise dates. Tier 1 Suppliers shipping to VCC must use a production part approval process for their sub-suppliers. Additionally, Suppliers are required to verify their sub-supplier can meet required volumes at the required time; Suppliers and/or sub-suppliers may use the VCC Capacity Analysis Report (CAR) and Phased PPAP Warrant documentation. STA and PD will disposition the Supplier Phased PPAPsubmission and provide a copy of the signed Warrant to the Supplier. Once the Supplier has received the STA and PD signed Warrant, the supplier must send a copy of the approved PSW to the defined mailbox for update of the Warrant status into the VCC Part tracking system (FLIT)Review RequirementsSupplier Site VQE Status PartStatusPPAPSub-missionLevelPhase 0GeometryPhase 1 QualityVerificationPhase 2ProductionVerificationPhase 3CapacityVerificationVQE Non-Priority1 Supplier Site self-certifies to VCC Phased PPAP RequirementsNo VQE Non-Priority 3 STA desktop review of Supplier Site PPAP submission andaccompanying documentationRegardless of VQE Status Priority 5 STA and PD On-Site review of Supplier Site PPAP submission and accompanying documentationDocumentation Phase 0PartSubmissionWarrantCapacityAnalysisReport Phase 1PartSubmissionWarrantSupportingDocumentationSample Parts ifrequestedPhase 2PartSubmissionWarrantSupportingDocumentationSample Parts ifrequestedPhase 3PartSubmissionWarrantCapacityAnalysis ReportException Management ProcessPurposeThe purpose of this instruction is to identify the Supplier and customer responsibilities when PPAP is not complete and approved material is required to support customer manufacturing. Also, this instruction defines the process steps for achieving Interim Acceptance of a part with a valid Temporary Product Deviation (TPD).Definitionso"Approved Material"o Parts with Warrant declaring "Approved" in the customer use block of the PPAP Warrant.o"Temporary Part Deviation" (TPD)o Temporary specification provided by the customer engineering release organization.o"Approval"o Part meets all customer specifications and requirements.o"Interim Acceptance".o Part meets customer specifications and includes valid Temporary Part Deviation (TPD) for deviation.DescriptionDeviation to PPAP Elements: It is the responsibility of the Supplier to complete the 18 requirement s of PPAP prior to the date when the customer requires approved material. Examples of a PPAP requirement not being met include: •PV testing not complete.•Dimension out of tolerance.•Parts not produced using intended production flow – e.g., rework due to urgent change, use of temporary tooling/facility, not all equipment on home-line.•Deviation to required cycle time.The team should develop, agree and implement a corrective action plan. If this plan is not complete prior to the build requirements then a Temporary Part Deviation is needed. Deviation from PPAP Timing: It is the responsibility of the Supplier to complete the appropriate Phase by the required timing as determined by the customer. If this timing is not achieved then the team should develop, agree and implement a Corrective Action Plan. If this plan is not complete prior to the build requirement then a support plan should be developed. Local practice determines whether a TPD is required for Deviations to PPAP Timing.•Corrective Action Plan:o It is the responsibility of the Supplier to develop a Corrective Action Plan that achieves Approved Material status by the required partsubmission date. The Supplier should seek input from the customer'sproduct development, manufacturing, and launch management toassure their concurrence with the planned corrective actions.•Support Plan:o If the PPAP submission is not complete at the required timing a Support Plan must be developed that identifies how the Supplier willsupport the build volume requirements as well as the activities tosupport Approval.Temporary Product Deviation: (TPD)Shipment of production level parts with an incomplete PPAP requires a Supplier's PPAP Warrant consistent with the requirements stated in a TPD. The TPD must describe the specific PPAP Element(s) (or timing deviations per local practice) that are not completed, the modified specification(s) that the part satisfies, if the part is saleable and the justification why the modified specification is acceptable. Additionally, the TPD shall describe how the Supplier will assure quality of parts (e.g. extraordinary controls/inspection process and robust measurement system) to the modified specification. The TPD is effective for a limited period of time, typically reflected in terms of days, quantity of parts, or specific launch build event. Examples of Deviations:•Geometry – expanded tolerance or mean shift•PV Testing – partial completion•Functional Testing – Use of surrogate test resultsApprove/Release Temporary Engineering Specification:The customer is responsible to approve and release a TPD. VCC Research & Development will concur with the TPD request, and it will be approved by the releasing activity. This approval is authorization to the Supplier to proceed with the corrective actions necessary to achieve Acceptable Material status on a time- or part quantity- limited basis.Update quality control documents:Upon receiving the approved TPD from the customer, the Supplier is responsible to update all affected quality control documents. The PFMEA shall be updated appropriately. Additionally, items such as Gauge R&R, Controls Plans, Operator Instructions and Visual Aids shall be reviewed.Provide Phased PPAP Warrant:It is the responsibility of the Supplier to complete a Phased PPAP Warrant per the specifications provided in the TPD. The purpose of this Warrant is for the Supplier to declare that inspections and tests on production parts show conformance to customer specifications including the TPD.The Supplier must indicate the following on the Phased PPAP Warrant:•In the Submission Results section, check the box indicating that results do not meet drawing and specification requirements.•In the Interim status / Engineering Authorization section, enter the TPD number and the deviation areas.Accept or Reject Warrant :Acceptance of the Warrant is the Supplier's permission to ship products for a specified time period or quantity. Rejection of the Warrant means customer requirements were not fulfilled and requires the Supplier to make corrections and submit a new Warrant. Upon review of the Warrant and supporting evidence, the Part Approval Activity (STA and Research & Development) completes the Customer Use section of the Warrant.•If Accept, check (Interim Accept) for Part Warrant Disposition.•If Reject, check Reject for Part Warrant Disposition.Actions to achieve Approval:The Supplier is responsible to implement the corrective actions necessary to achieve an Approval. If Approval is not complete by the next launch build event, the customer should process a new or updated Temporary Engineering Specification. If the conditions within the Temporary Engineering Specification are changed, a new Warrant is required from the Supplier.PPAP Requirements# Requirement1 Design Record2 Engineering Change Documents3 Customer Engineering Approval4 Design FMEA5 Process Flow Diagrams6 Process FMEA7 Control Plan8 Measure System Analysis Studies9 Dimensional Results10 Records of Material/Performance Test Results11 Initial Process Studies12 Qualified Laboratory Documentation13 Appearance Approval Reports14 Sample Production Parts15 Master Sample16 Checking Aids17 Customer Specific Requirements18 PPAP WarrantBulk Material expectations are not addressed within Phased PPAP requirements Acronym List•AIAG - A utomotive I ndustry A ction G roup•NWC – N ormal W eekly C apacity•GPDS - G lobal P roduct D evelopment S ystem•MRD - M aterial R equired D ate•R&D - R esearch & D evelopment•PP - P ilot P roduction•PPAP - P roduction P art A pproval P rocess•PSW - P art S ubmission W arrant•STA - S upplier T echnical A ssistance•SALEABLE - Refers to the product/part specified on the contract betweenthe PRODUCT/PART customer and organization.•TT - T ooling T rial。

1. CA-SIP长安供应商质量提升流程Chang AnSupplier Improvement process2. STA 供应商技术支持 Supplier Technical Assitance3. PPM：零部件百万分之不合格品率 Parts Per Million4. R/1000 售后市场每千台车的维修频次5. CR：记录质量问题的文档 Concern Responses Report6. QR：记录供应商责任的质量拒收文档 Quality Reject7. LQR:新品(投产)质量拒收文档 Launch Quality Reject8. QCM：质量确认地图 Quality Conformation Mapping9. IQS：进货质量信息系统 Incoming Quality System10. Tip-Level：问题升级警戒线11. CA:长安制造过程引起的质量问题12. IL:长安内部物流引起的质量问题 Internal logistics13. SI:供应商相关的质量问题14. PD：产品开发15. AE：车间工艺16. ICA:临时措施17. PCA：永久措施18. 8D: 解决问题的八个步骤的自定义的质量问题报告 8 Discipline19. VRT 变差减小小组 Variability Reduction Team20. PSW 零件提交保证书21. PPAP 生产件批准程序 Production Parts Approval Process22. APQP 先期产品质量策划 Advanced Product Quality Planning23. FMEA 失效模式及后果分析 Failure Mode and Effects Analysis24. MSA 测量系统分析 Measurement System Analysis25. SPC 过程控制统计 Statistical Process Control26. CCC 中国强制认证 China Compulsory Certification27. COP 产品生产一致性 Conformity of Production28. COC 生产一致性证书 Conformity of certification29. PVT 负责市场及综合性质量问题小组/小批量过程测验30. FTT 一次校验合格率31. CCPS 中国长安精益生产管理体系 China Changan Production System32. AUDIT 新型质量检验方法（站在消费者立场）AUDIT是德国叫法，美国叫CSA，日本叫QLA33. IE 工业工程 Industrial Engineering34.长安责任（CA）——质量问题（CR）代码长安内部物流（IL）——质量问题（CR）代码供应商相关（SI）——质量问题（CR）代码错误的问题记录（ECR）——CR取消时的代码供应商设计（FF）——质量拒收（QR）代码供应商制造（NP）——质量拒收（QR）代码零部件状态不符（MN）——质量拒收（QR）代码供应商物流（SL）——质量拒收（QR）代码错误的质量拒收（EQR）——QR取消时的代码。

汽车行业供应商分类汽车行业供应商是指为汽车生产供应零配件、零部件和相关服务的企业。

中国的汽车零部件企业可以划分为三类：一级供应商、二级供应商和三级供应商。

下面具体介绍一下各个层次的供应商。

一级供应商一级供应商主要负责生产汽车的主要组成部分。

例如：发动机、变速器、悬挂系统、底盘、车身结构等。

一级供应商通常与汽车厂商长期合作关系，是整个企业链条中最重要的部分。

汽车厂商通常会与一级供应商进行技术合作，共享研发成果，保证汽车零部件的质量和牢靠性。

在整个汽车产业链中，一级供应商通常具有技术含量最高、利润最高、供应关系最稳定的特点。

二级供应商二级供应商是供应商体系的中间部分。

它们通常生产汽车中的附属零件和电子元件。

例如：车灯、音响、空调、电子掌握单元等。

二级供应商通常与一级供应商和汽车厂商有亲密的合作关系。

虽然二级供应商的利润相对较低，但是它们的市场规模相对较大，由于汽车中的各个附属零部件数量许多。

二级供应商是整个汽车生产供应链的重要组成部分。

三级供应商三级供应商供应汽车行业中生产所需的特别规制品和服务。

例如：汽车胎、空气滤清器、喇叭、等。

尽管这些部件不属于车辆的核心部件，但它们对汽车的性能和平安性同样起着至关重要的作用。

三级供应商通常与二级和一级供应商合作，担当低利润的订单。

然而，作为汽车生产供应链的组成部分，三级供应商是不行或缺的。

总的来说，汽车行业供应商类别有三类：一级供应商、二级供应商和三级供应商。

它们的角色不同，在整个汽车产业链中各司同等级的供应商合作，以保证汽车的高品质和稳定交付。

在保证汽车平安性和质量的前提下，建立良性的供应商生态系统，不仅可以推动汽车行业的进展，也可以提高企业利润，促进汽车产业链的完善和可持续进展。

Tier1关于交付和质量的管理概述在今天的竞争激烈的市场环境下，企业需要更好地管理交付和质量，以提高客户满意度，降低成本并保持竞争优势。

对于Tier1供应商来说，他们在供应链中扮演着重要的角色，因此需要特别关注交付和质量管理。

本文将探讨Tier1供应商在交付和质量方面的管理方法和实践。

交付管理1. 交付计划Tier1供应商应该制定详细的交付计划，确保按时交付产品或服务。

交付计划应该包括以下内容：•交付时间表：明确产品或服务的交付日期和时间。

•里程碑：标识项目的重要里程碑，以便监控项目进展。

•交付方法：确定产品或服务的交付方式，以满足客户的需求。

2. 交付过程控制Tier1供应商应该建立有效的交付过程控制机制，确保交付的顺利进行。

以下是一些关键步骤：•资源分配：分配足够的资源来执行交付。

•进度监控：定期检查项目的进展，及时发现和解决问题。

•风险管理：识别并管理可能影响交付的风险。

3. 交付绩效评估Tier1供应商需要对交付绩效进行评估，以便持续改进交付过程。

以下是一些评估方法：•满足客户需求的程度：通过客户满意度调查了解客户对交付的评价。

•交付准时率：查看交付计划是否按时完成。

•交付成本：评估交付过程中的成本效益。

质量管理1. 质量计划Tier1供应商应该制定详细的质量计划，以确保产品或服务符合质量要求。

质量计划应包括以下内容：•质量目标：明确产品或服务的质量目标。

•质量标准：确定产品或服务的质量标准和检验方法。

•质量控制措施：采取适当的措施来控制和改进产品或服务的质量。

2. 质量控制Tier1供应商应该建立有效的质量控制系统，确保产品或服务的质量。

以下是一些关键步骤：•过程控制：对生产过程进行控制，确保产品或服务符合质量要求。

•检验和测试：对产品或服务进行质量检验和测试，确保符合质量标准。

•数据分析：分析质量数据，找出潜在问题并采取纠正措施。

3. 质量改进Tier1供应商需要不断改进质量管理过程，以提高产品或服务的质量。

AUTOMOTIVE MAQMSR QUALITY MANAGEMENTSYSTEM DOCUMENTSecond EditionSeptember, 2017 Minimum Automotive Quality Management System Requirementsfor Sub-Tier SuppliersSections of IATF 16949 selected for supplier QMS developmentInternationalAutomotiveTask ForceIATF copyright noticeThis Automotive Quality Management System Document, known as MAQMSR, is copyright protected by the members of the International Automotive Task Force (IATF).Permission is granted for organizations certified to ISO/TS 16949:2009 or IATF 16949:2016 to reproduce this document in its entirety for distribution to their suppliers for the expressed purpose of aiding development of their quality management system in accordance with ISO/TS 16949:2009 Section 7.4.1.2 or IATF 16949:2016 Section 8.4.2.3.Otherwise, except as permitted under the applicable laws of the user's country, neither this Automotive Quality Management System Document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured from the IATF.Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement and violators are subject to legal prosecution.Requests for permission to reproduce and/or translate any part of this Automotive QMS Documentshould be addressed to one of the following national automotive trade associations below:Associazione Nazionale Filiera Industrie Automobilistiche (ANFIA / Italy)Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG / USA)Fédération des Industries des Équipements pour Véhicules (FIEV / France)Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd. (SMMT / UK)Verband der Automobilindustrie e.V. (VDA / Germany)TABLES OF AUTOMOTIVE QMS REQUIREMENTS1 CONTROL PLANS (2)2 PROCESS APPROACH (2)3 PERFORMANCE (2)4 INTERNAL AUDITING (3)5 CONTROL OF NON-CONFORMING PRODUCT (3)6 PART APPROVAL (3)7 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY (4)8 RISK MANAGEMENT (4)9 SAFETY (4)ANNEXES (4)TABLE 1 - CONTROL PLANSAutomotive QMS Requirement Applicable IATF 16949:2016 Section(s)1.1 Control plan 8.5.1.1 Control plan1.2 Work instructions 8.4.1.2 Standardized work – operator instructionsand visual standards1.3 Verification of job set-ups 8.5.1.3 Verification of job set-ups1.4 Preventive maintenance 8.5.1.5 Total productive maintenance1.5 Identification and Traceability 8.5.1 Identification and traceability8.5.2.1 Identification and traceability —supplemental1.6 Verification after shutdown* 8.5.4.1 Verification after shutdown*1.7 Temporary change of process controls* 8.5.6.1.1 Temporary change of process controls*TABLE 2 - PROCESS APPROACHAutomotive QMS Requirement Applicable Criteria2.1 Process application The organization shall define its productrealization system. Each process and sub-process shall be defined. Each defined processshall be implemented and controlled including theinteractions and linkages between processes.The processes shall be monitored foreffectiveness.Note – Suppliers may refer to ISO 9001:2015Section 0.3 for further guidance on the processapproach.TABLE 3 - PERFORMANCEAutomotive QMS Requirement Applicable IATF 16949:2016 Section(s)3.1 Customer satisfaction 9.1.2.1 Customer satisfaction – supplemental3.2 Incoming product conformity to requirements 8.6.4 Verification and acceptance of conformity ofexternally provided products and services3.3 Supplier monitoring 8.4.2.4 Supplier monitoring3.4 Problem solving and root cause analysis 10.2.3 Problem solving10.2.4 Error-proofing*10.2.5 Warranty management systems*10.2.6 Customer complaints and field failure testanalysis**Requirement is new for IATF 16949© AIAG, © ANFIA, © FIEV, © SMMT, © VDA – 2016 – All rights reserved 2TABLE 4 – INTERNAL AUDITINGAutomotive QMS Requirement Applicable IATF 16949:2016 Section(s) 4.1 Quality management system audit 9.2.2.2 Quality management system audit –except:organization shall audit to verify compliance withMAQMSR, 2nd Ed.4.2 Manufacturing process audit 9.2.2.3 Manufacturing process audit4.3 Product audit 9.2.2.4 Product audit4.4 Internal audit plans 9.2.2.1 Internal audit programme4.5 Internal auditor qualification 7.2.3 Internal auditor competency, except:requirement for documented process may bewaived if audits are conducted under theguidance of a qualified customer second-party auditorscope of auditor competency limited to ISO9001:2015 and MAQMSRTABLE 5 - CONTROL OF NON-CONFORMING PRODUCTAutomotive QMS Requirement Applicable IATF 16949:2016 Section(s) 5.1 Control of nonconforming product 8.7.1.2 Control of nonconforming product –customer specified process*8.7.1.3 Control of suspect product5.2 Control of reworked product 8.7.1.4 Control of reworked product8.7.1.5 Control of repaired product*5.3 Customer information 8.7.1.6 Customer notification5.4 Customer waiver 8.7.1.1 Customer authorization for concessionTABLE 6 – PART APPROVALAutomotive QMS Requirement Applicable IATF 16949:2016 Section(s) 6.1 Product approval process 8.3.4.4 Product approval process6.2 Engineering specifications7.5.3.2.2 Engineering specifications8.4.2.2 Statutory and regulatory requirements*8.4.2.3.1 Automotive product-related software orautomotive products with embedded software* 6.3 Monitoring and measurement of 9.1.1.1 Monitoring and measurement of manufacturing processes manufacturing processes6.4 Measurement system analysis7.1.5.1.1 Measurement system analysis6.5 Calibration/verification records7.1.5.2.1 Calibration/verification records6.6 Change control and change control notification 8.5.6.1 Control of changes - supplemental*Requirement is new for IATF 16949。

Abbreciation........Note........Chinese........Remark........8D........8.Discipline.Report........8D.报告prehensive.team-based.corrective.action.plan.for.objectively.identifying,.qua ntifying.and.resolving.process.and.product.quality.issuesA........ABS........Anti-lock.Break.System........防抱死制动系统................ABS＋T................防抱死制动系统+循迹系统................ACI........Automatic.Car.Identification.System........汽车自动识别系统........ ........APQP........Advanced.Product.Quality.Planning........产品质量先期策划........ ........AQL........Approval.Quality.Level........品质允收水准........C=0/AQL=04 ........APQP........Advanced.Product.and..Quality.Planning.........先期质量策划........ ........ASC................加速防滑控制品................ASD........Approval.Supplier.Database........合格供应商名录................ASES........Alliance.Supplier.Evaluation.Standard........................ASM................动态稳定系统................ASN........Advance.Shipping.Notification........................ASR................加速防滑系统................ASSY........Assembly........装配................A-TRC................车身主动循迹控制系统................AVL........Approved.Vendor.List........被Intier客户和Intier批准的供应商名单........ ........AYC................主动偏行系统........B........BAS................制动辅助系统................BDAR........Business.Development.Activity.Request........................BOM........Bill.Of.Material........材料清单........C........CAputer.Aided.Design........计算机辅助设计................CAPEX........SCAPital.Expenditure................"ed.for.controlling.progra m.budget.during.and.after.an.APQP.program"'s........Critical.Characteristics........关键特性................CDL........Control.Door.Lock........控制门锁................CER........Capital.Expenditure.Request...固定资产投资申请........"CER.is.a.capital.expenditure.application.package.that.alldivisions.of.Intier.Group.are.requested.to.fill.out.when.there.is.a.new.program.and/or.capi tal.investment"........CFT........Cross.Functional.Team........跨部门小组................CFR................成本加运费（……指定目的港）................CIF........Cost.Insurance&Freight........到岸价................CIP................运费、保险费付至（……指定目的港）................CMK........Capability.of.Machine.Index........设备能力指数................Change.Notice........更改通知........pany.Operating.Procedure........公司营运程序................CP.........Control.Plan........控制计划................CPK........Capability.of.Process.Index........工序能力指数................CPT................运费付至（……指定目的港）........D........DAF................边境交货（……指定地点）................DCC........Document.Control.Coordinator........文件控制协调员........ ........DDP........Delivery.with.Duty.Paid........完税交货价................DDU........Delivery.with.Duty.Unpaid........未完税交货价................DES........Delivered.Ex.Ship........目的港船上交货价................DEQ........Delivered.Ex.Quay........目的港码头交货价................DFM........Design.For.Manufacturing................bor........直接员工................DMN........Defect.Material.Notice........不合格品控制单................DOS........Days.Of.Stock........存货天数................DSC/VSC................车身稳定控制系统................DV........Design.Verification.........设计验证........DV.are.tests,.inspections,.and.procedures.that.must.be.accomplished.before.produ ctions.starts.to.verify.design.intentＥ........EBA................紧急制动辅助系统................EBD................电子制动力分配系统................ECN........Engineering.Change.Notice........工程变更通知................ECR........Engineering.Change.Request.........工程变更申请........ECR.is.a.request.for.a.change.to.the.product........ECU........Engineering.Change.Utilization........工程变更实施................EDI........Electronic.Data.Infrastructrue........电子数据信息................EDS................电子差速锁................EES................座椅自动调节系统................EHS........Environment,.Health&Safety........环境、健康、安全........ ........EIC........Carbon.Emission.Index........碳排放量指数................EOL........End.of.Line........终检........"ed.at.the.end.of.theassembly.line.to.ensure.that.all.products.meet.specific.requirements"........EOS........Employee.Opinion.Survey........员工意见调查................EPS........Expanded.Polystyrenes........改良聚苯乙烯................ERP........Enterprise.Resources.Planning........企业资源计划................ESP................电子稳定程序系统................EV........Equipment.Variation........设备变差................EXW................厂内交货........F........FAI........First.Article.Inspection........首次检验................FAQ‘s........Frequently.Ask.Question........常见问题................FAS................船边交货（……指定装运港）................FCA................货交承运人(……指定地点）................FF................前轮驱动................FIFO........First.In.First.Out........先进先出标签................FMEA........Failure.Mode.and.Effects.Analysis........失效模式及后果分析........ ........FOB........Free.on.board........离岸价................FQC........Finial.Quality.Control........最终出货检验................FR................后轮驱动................FSP........Ford.Supplier.Portal........................F-W-D.Car................前轮驱动轿车........G........GAGE........gage........量具................GD&T........Geometric.Dimensioning&Tolerancing........形状与位置公差........ ........GIS................地理信息管理系统................GPS........Global.Postioning.System........全球卫星定位系统................GP12........General.Motor.Process.12........通用遏制计划................GT................跑车........I........IATF........International.Automotive.Task.Force........国际汽车工作组........ bor........间接员工................IMDS........International.Material.Data.System........................IRR........Incoming.Reject.Report.........进料拒收报告........anization........国际标准化组织........ J........JD........Job.Description........工作描述................JIT.........Just.In.Time........及时生产........K........KC........key.characteristics........关键特性................KOI........Key.Operating.Index........主要绩效考核指标........L........LOT........lot........批次........M........MAR........Manufacturing.Action.Request.Form........特采单........ ........MES........Manufacturing.Execution.System................"ed. to.describe.manufacturing.systems.that.perform.tracking,.process.monitoring.and.control.of.automated.manufactuing.processes"........MFG........Manufacturing........................MPV........Multi.Purpose.Vehicles........多功能汽车................MOQ........Min.Order.Quatity........................MPS........Master.Production.Schedule........................MRB........Material.Review.Board........材料审核小组........Consist.Quality,.Material,.ME,.Production........MRO........Maintenance.Repair.and.Others........非原材料采购........ ........MSA........Measure.System.Analysis........测量系统分析........N........NCRs........Nonconformance.Reports........不符合项报告........O........ODS........Operator.Description.Sheet................"ed.to.describe.and/or.ill ustrate.what.anplete.his/her.job.properly"........OEE........Overall.Equipment.Effectiveness........全面设备效率........ ........OEM........Original.Equipment.manufacturers........原始设备制造商（主机厂）........ ........OGP........ogp(公司名）........光学测量仪................OIL........Open.Issue.List........开口问题清单........"ed.for.recording.review.and.disposition.of.concerns.from.customers,.internal.and.supplier.concerns"........OQC........Output.Quality.Control........出货检验................OTS........Off.Tooling.Sample........工装样件........"Off.tool.samples.are.the.initial.samples.that.supplierssubmit.for.assessment.of.tlloing.and.functions"P........PCL........Powered.Child.Lock........电动儿童门锁................PCN........Process.Change.Notice........工艺变更通知........PCN.is.a.request.for.a.change.to.the.process........PCN................................PDP........Product.Delievery.Process........................PEP........Program.Execution.Process........................PFMEA........Process.Failure.Mode.and.Effects.Analysis........过程失效模式及后果分析................PM........Program.Manager........................PP................................PPAP........Production.Parts.Approval.Process........生产件批准程序........ ........PPK........primary.Process.Capability........短期过程能力........lion.quality.metrics........百万分之概率................PSO........Process.Sign-Off........................PSW........Part.Submit.Warranty........零件提交保证................PV.Test........Production.Validation.Test........工艺生产验证........"ed.to.validate.a.product.or.process.forvolume.production"Q........QC........Quality.Control........质量控制................QIP................过程检验规程................QMS........Quality.Management.System........质量管理体系................QOS................................QSA........Quality.System.Audit........质量体系评定................Quattro................全时四轮驱动系统........rmation........信息申请表................RFQ........Request.For.Quote........报价申请........"Request.from.Customer(S)rmation.on.a.product.or.a.proposal"........RPN........Risk.Priority.Number........风险系数................RSP................电子稳定程序.................RTV........Return.To.Vendor........退回供应商................Run#Rate................节拍生产........"A.systematic.tool.to.qualify.the.output.of.manufacturing.process.interms.of.documentation.and.implementation"S........SC's........Special.Characteristics........特殊特性........"Are.specifications.which.require.special.manufacuring.control.toernment.requirements"........SIM........Supplier.Improvement.Metrics........供应商改进数据........"Supplier.performance.measurements.available.through.FSP(Ford.Supplier.Portal"........SLL........Skip.Lot.List........免检清单................SOP.........Start.Of.Production........批量生产........"estone.date.that.a.product/assembly.line.stars.its.volume.production.after.PV.test.passes.and.PPAP.is.approved.by.the.customer" ........SOP's........Standard.Operation.Procedure........标准作业程序................SPC........Statistical.Process.Control,........统计过程控制........"e.of.statistical.techniques.such.as.control.charts.to.analyze.a.process.or.its.outputs.so.as.to.take.appropriate.actions.to.achieve.and.a.state .of.statistical.control.and.to.improve.the.process.capability,"........SQA........Supplier.Quality.Assurance........................SREA........Supplier.Request.for.Engineering.Approval........................SRS................双安全气囊................STA........Supplier.Technical.Assistance........供应商技术支持........"pany's.team.dedicated.to.assist.in.the.development.of.supplier.processes"T........TRC/TCS................牵引力控制系统........V........VDA........Verdand.Dor.Automobiliudustrie.ev........德国汽车工业联合会........Ｗ........WGQ................外高桥........ ........WI........Work.Instruction。