高考英语 虚拟语气和情态动词
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1 / 2 虚拟语气和情态动词
虚拟语气常见考点
1、虚拟语气用于if条件状语从句
2、混合型虚拟条件句
3. 含蓄虚拟
4、虚拟条件句中省略if的用法
5、wish+虚拟语气 的用法
6、宾语从句中的虚拟语气
7、主语从句中的虚拟语气
8、表语从句，同位语从句中的虚拟语气
9. 特殊情况的虚拟
各种句式的虚拟语气用法
一．条件状语从句
条件状语从句 主句
①与现在事实相反。 动词过去式
(be动词用were) should/would/could/might+动词原形
②与过去事实相反。
had +过去分词 should/would/could/might+ have +过去分词
③与将来事实相反。 1.动词过去式
2.should+动词原
3.were to+动词原 should/would/could/might+动词原形
例句：①与现在事实相反
如果我有时间，我就会和你去游泳了。
如果我是你，我会给艾滋病人一个拥抱。
②与过去事实相反
如果你昨天来了这里的话，你就见到他了。
如果你今早早一点起床的话，就赶上火车了。
③与将来事实相反。
如果她明天的考试不及格，她父亲会生气的。
混合型虚拟条件句
当条件状语从句的行为与主句表示的行为发生时间不一致时，主句的动词的谓语形式要根据表示的时间而定。这叫做混合型虚拟条件句。
If you had refused her help yesterday, you would be still working now.
（从句说的是过去，主句说的是现在）
If he didn’t work harder, he would not pass the exam .
（从句说现在，主句说将来）
含蓄虚拟
.without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是) Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.
But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.
Without your help, I would have failed.
But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.
省略。倒装
If you hadn’t attended the party, you wouldn't have got to know Mr.Lin.
变为:Had you not attended the party, you wouldn't’ t have got to …
If you should finish your homework on time, your mother would give you a present.
变为: Should you finish your homework on time, your mother would give you a present.
1.If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.
3. If she should know it, she would tell me.
二．名词性从句中
1. 动词 + 宾语从句
一个坚持：insist; 两个命令：order, command; 三个建议：
suggest, propose, advise;
四个要求：desire, demand, ask, require
I propose that we (should) set a dead line for handing in the plans.
I suggest that we (should) set off at once.
2. It is (was) + 上述动词的过去分词 + that 主语从句
It is demanded that he (should) leave at once.
It is requested that she (should) give a performance at the party.
3. It is (was) + important / necessary / better / strange / surprising / natural / possible / a pity / no wonder + that 主语从句
It is best that he (should) set off at once.
It is important that everybody (should) be told all the facts.
三．Wish 的宾语从句中
Wish+虚拟语气 的用法
1. Wish+ 宾语从句 表示很难实现的愿望，译为“但愿…就好了”；“可惜…”。
造句。
1.我要和你一样高就好了
2.真希望我没吃那么多西瓜就好了。
3.我希望明天能下雨就好了
四．特殊形式
1.would rather that
2 / 2 I would rather you paid me now. (现在)
I would rather you had gone, too. (过去)
Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来)
2.as if /though +
She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
It seems as if it were spring.
I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.
3.It’s (about/high) time +that --
4.If only …(要是…就好了)
If only I knew his name!
If only we had followed your advice!
If only I could see him again!
要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。
要是我没错过火车就好了！
34. --The weather has been very hot and dry.
--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .
A. wouldn't die B. didn't die
C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died
