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中英文对照英语诗歌精选英语诗歌能够让学生体会其特有的韵律美,尽情发挥想象,驰骋在诗歌的海洋中。
小编精心收集了中英文对照英语诗歌，供大家欣赏学习! 中英文对照英语诗歌篇1song of an old generalwang weiwhen he was a youth of fifteen or twenty,he chased a wild horse, he caught him and rode him,he shot the white-browed mountain tiger,he defied the yellow-bristled horseman of ye.fighting single- handed for a thousand miles,with his naked dagger he could hold a multitude....granted that the troops of china were as swift as heaven's thunderand that tartar soldiers perished in pitfalls fanged with iron, general wei qing's victory was only a thing of chance.and general li guang's thwarted effort was his fate, not his fault.since this man's retirement he is looking old and worn:experience of the world has hastened his white hairs.though once his quick dart never missed the right eye of a bird,now knotted veins and tendons make his left arm like an osier.he is sometimes at the road-side selling melons from his garden,he is sometimes planting willows round his hermitage.his lonely lane is shut away by a dense grove,his vacant window looks upon the far cold mountainsbut, if he prayed, the waters would come gushing for his menand never would he wanton his cause away with wine....war-clouds are spreading, under the helan range;back and forth, day and night, go feathered messages;in the three river provinces, the governors call young men -- and five imperial edicts have summoned the old general.so he dusts his iron coat and shines it like snow-waves his dagger from its jade hilt in a dance of starry steel.he is ready with his strong northern bow to smite the tartar chieftain --that never a foreign war-dress may affront the emperor....there once was an aged prefect, forgotten and far away,who still could manage triumph with a single stroke.老将行王维少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。
汉语拼音和英文字母对照表学习汉语拼音和英语是掌握语言的基础，而两者之间存在很多相似之处。
本文将介绍汉语拼音和英文字母对照表，帮助大家更好地掌握这两种语言的基础知识。
一、概述汉语拼音和英语都是语言文字系统，其中字母是构成单词的基本单位。
汉语拼音由21个声母和24个韵母组成，而英语由26个英文字母组成。
这两种语言中的字母都有各自的发音规则和拼写规则，了解这些规则对于学习汉语和英语都非常重要。
二、汉语拼音和英文字母对照表为了方便学习，以下列出汉语拼音和英文字母对照表：1、a（啊）- a（啊）2、b（玻）- b（玻）3、c（刺）- c（刺）4、d（得）- d（得）6、f（佛）- f（佛）7、g（哥）- g（哥）8、h（喝）- h（喝）9、i（衣）- i（衣）10、j（基）- j（基）11、k（科）- k（科）12、l（勒）- l（勒）13、m（摸）- m（摸）14、n（讷）- n（讷）15、o（喔）- o（喔）16、p（坡）- p（坡）17、q（欺）- q（欺）18、r（日）- r（日）20、t（特）- t（特）21、u（乌）- u（乌）22、v（为）- v（为）23、w（乌）- w（乌）24、x（希）- x（希）25、y（衣）- y（衣）26、z（资）- z（资）汉语拼音与英文字母对照表汉语拼音是现代中国汉字的标准化编码方式，它以音节为单位，每个音节由声母、韵母和声调三部分组成。
而英文字母则是英语单词的标准化编码方式，它们按照字母表的顺序排列，每个单词由一个或多个英文字母组成。
虽然汉语拼音和英文字母在形态和功能上都有很大的差异，但是它们之间还是存在一些对照关系的。
汉语拼音的声母和英文字母在形态上有很大的相似性。
例如，汉语拼音的b、p、m、f与英语字母b、p、m、f的形状非常相似，只是书写方式不同。
这是因为这些字母在发音时都使用了相似的口腔动作和发音部位。
汉语拼音的韵母和英文字母在发音方式上也有一些相似性。
完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表English-XXXGrammar：语法Syntax：句法Morphology：词法Structure：结构Rank：层次Sentence：句子Clause：从句Phrase：词组Part of Speech：词类Word：单词XXX：实词Structural Word：虚词Simple Word：单纯词XXX：派生词Compound：复合词Noun：名词Proper Noun：专有名词Common Noun：普通名词Countable Noun：可数名词Uncountable Noun：不可数名词Abstract Noun：抽象名词Concrete Noun：具体名词Material Noun：物质名词Collective Noun：集体名词Individual Noun：个体名词n：介词n：连词XXX：动词Main XXX：主动词XXX：及物动词Intransitive XXX：不及物动词Link XXX：系动词Auxiliary XXX：助动词Modal XXX：情态动词Regular Verb：规则动词Irregular Verb：不规则动词Phrasal XXX：短语动词XXX：限定动词Infinite XXX：非限定动词Causative Verb：使役动词Verb of Senses：感官动词Event Verb：动态动词XXX：静态动词XXX：感叹词Adjective：形容词Adverb：副词Adverb of Manner：方式副词Adverb of Degree：程度副词Adverb of Time：时间副词Adverb of Place：地点副词Adjunct：修饰性副词Conjunct：连接性副词Interrogative Adverb：疑问副词Relative Adverb：关系副词Pronoun：代词Personal Pronoun：人称代词Possessive Pronoun：物主代词Reflexive Pronoun：反身代词Reciprocal Pronoun：相互代词Demonstrative Pronoun：指示代词Pronouns are words used in place of nouns。
中式英语与美式英语对照中式英语与美式英语对照表表转载自：/c-mistakes.php经我整理，排版。
Chinese Style: It's seven twenty o'clock .American Style: It's seven twenty .Chinese Style: Your coat is broken .American Style: Your coat is torn .Chinese Style: Susan didn't make a fault anyway.American Style: Susan didn't make a mistake anyway.Chinese Style: Would you mind posting this letter for me ? Yes, certainly .American Style: Would you mind mailing this letter for me ? Of course not . OR ( Not at all )Chinese Style: He becomes better.American Style: He got better.Chinese Style: We'll have a hearing test tomorrow.American Style: We'll have a listening test tomorow.Chinese Style: I recommend you to take a long vacation.American Style: I recommend that you take a long vacation.Chinese Style: The last bus leaves at eleven o'clock. It's about eleven now, Hurry up! American Style: The last bus leaves at eleven o'clock. It's nearly ( almost ) eleven now, Hurry up! Chinese Style: It was still bright outside. American Style: It was still light outside.Chinese Style: Come to here .American Style: Come here .Chinese Style: Common students in US don't wear a uniform.American Style: The average students in US don't wear a uniform.Chinese Style: Who cooked this salad ?American Style: Who made this salad ?Chinese Style: Different from me, she is proficient in English.American Style: Unlike me, she is proficient in English.Chinese Style: Little children are difficult to understand that.American Style: It is difficult for children to understand that.Chinese Style: Don't step on the grass.American Style: Keep off the grass.Chinese Style: I get my salary twice a month.American Style: I get paid twice a month.Chinese Style: Would you like a drink ?American Style: Would you like something to drink ?Chinese Style: Let me examine your pulse.American Style: Let me feel your pulse.Chinese Style: I have no exercise talent.American Style: I am not athletic.Chinese Style: Don't expect me too much.American Style: Don't expect too much from (of ) me.Chinese Style: I forget my hat in the house.American Style: I left my hat in the house.Chinese Style: Lend me some money, for instance 500 dollars, LinAmerican Style: Lend me some money, say 500 dollars, LinChinese Style: I have a free time.American Style: I am free.Chinese Style: The sun rises from the East.American Style: The sun rises in the East.Chinese Style: The thief got in from the window.American Style: The thief got in through the window.Chinese Style: Let's begin from page 10.American Style: Let's begin at ( on ) page 10.Chinese Style: Did you attend college ?American Style: Did you go to college ?Chinese Style: I wanted to go to Europe last summer, but it was too expensive so I gave up to go.American Style: I wanted to go to Europe last summer, but it was too expensive so I gave up the idea.Chinese Style: I am going back my home.American Style: I am going home.Chinese Style: His temperature went down.American Style: His temperature came down.Chinese Style: I like green color.American Style: I like green.Chinese Style: Today's newspapers has his articles on Taiwan.American Style: Today's newspapers carries his articles on Taiwan.Chinese Style: Give me money, if you have.American Style: Give me money, if you have any.Chinese Style: You'll have a cold if you sleep with your window open.American Style: You'll catch a cold if you sleep with your window open.Chinese Style: Somebody's knocking on the door. Go and see who he is. American Style: Somebody's knocking on the door. Go and see who it is.Chinese Style: The head office is in Taipei.American Style: The main office is in Taipei.Chinese Style: He cannot read and write.American Style: He cannot read or write.Chinese Style: Where is here.American Style: Where are we.Chinese Style: How heavy are you ?American Style: How much do you weigh ?Chinese Style: He was talking in a high voice.American Style: He was talking loud.Chinese Style: Most Westerners have high noses.American Style: Most Westerners have long noses.Chinese Style: Are you home tomorrow.American Style: Are you at home tomorrow.Chinese Style: How does she look like ?American Style: What does she look like ?Chinese Style: This is the way how I did it.American Style: This is how I did it. or This is the way I did it.Chinese Style: How do you think about Taiwan.American Style: What do you think about Taiwan.Chinese Style: How can I do ?American Style: What can I do ?Chinese Style: " How long have you been in Taiwan ?"" Six months "" How about Chinese food ?"American Style: " How long have you been in Taiwan ? "" Six months "" Do you like Chinese food ?"Chinese Style: I visited her ill mother in the hospital.American Style: I visited her sick mother in the hospital.Chinese Style: There is a limit in my patience.American Style: There is a limit to my patience.Chinese Style: Please wait inside the white line.American Style: Please wait behind the white line.Chinese Style: Is your house insured for fire ?American Style: Is your house insured against fire ?Chinese Style: I introduce Mr. Smith to you !American Style: May I introduce Mr. Smith to you !Chinese Style: She was first prize.American Style: She took first prize.Chinese Style: Do you have any automatic camera ? Yes I have it .American Style: Do you have any automatic camera ? Yes, I have one.Chinese Style: That was a traffic accident on my way here.It is why I was late. American Style: That was a traffic accident on my way here. That is why I was late.Chinese Style: She is wearing blue jeans pants.American Style: She is wearing blue jeans.Chinese Style: Keep the right.American Style: Keep to the right.Chinese Style: Last night I didn't keep my diary.American Style: Last night I didn't write anything in my diary.Chinese Style: The train was late about an hour.American Style: The train was about an hour late.Chinese Style: Leave your hand from the end of the wire. American Style: Let go of the end of the wire.Chinese Style: I was ten minutes late for the English lesson. American Style: I was ten minutes late for the English class.Chinese Style: How many Chinese letters do you know ? American Style: How many Chinese characters do you know ?Chinese Style: He is fighting for his life.American Style: He is fighting for his bread.Chinese Style: Why do you say like that.American Style: Why do you say that.Chinese Style: I have no house to live.American Style: I have no house to live in.Chinese Style: What a dirty face ! Look at the mirror. American Style: What a dirty face ! Look in the mirror.Chinese Style: He lost conciousness for a long time. American Style: He was unconcious for a long time.Chinese Style: He made a world record.American Style: He set a world record.Chinese Style: Her marriage was happy.American Style: Her married life was happy.Chinese Style: Maybe I think so.American Style: I think so.Chinese Style: The club's members are 55.American Style: There are 55 members in the club.Chinese Style: They didn't understand my mind.American Style: They didn't understand what I was thinking.Chinese Style: This is where you mistake.American Style: This is where you are mistaken.Chinese Style: I felt good mood.American Style: I am in a good mood.Chinese Style: Please allow me more two hours.American Style: Please allow me two more hours.Chinese Style: My watch doesn't move at all. I must get it checked up. American Style: My watch isn't running, I must get it checked up.Chinese Style: We moved house to Johor last month.American Style: We moved to Johor last month.Chinese Style: He is our common friend.American Style: He is our mutual friend.Chinese Style: It was my first time to go abroad.American Style: It was the first time I had gone abroad.Chinese Style: While walking along the street, I met my friend.American Style: While walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.Chinese Style: My this book cost me nearly 300 dollars.American Style: This book of mine cost me nearly 300 dollars.Chinese Style: My room is narrow.American Style: My room is small.Chinese Style: I'll visit my native place for the first time in ten years this summer. American Style: I'll visit my birth place for the first time in ten years this summer.Chinese Style: Here is a pair of nice shoes.American Style: Here is a nice pair of shoes.Chinese Style: Is this seat empty.American Style: Is this seat taken.Chinese Style: Don't be noisy.American Style: Be quiet.Chinese Style: It is not of only your business.American Style: It is none of your business.Chinese Style: I will do anything I can do for you.American Style: I will do anything I can for you.Chinese Style: This is the key of my room.American Style: This is the key to my room.Chinese Style: I am going to take a two-year course of English.American Style: I am going to take a two-year course in English.Chinese Style: He treated me very friendly.American Style: He treated me in a friendly way.Chinese Style: This is the largest department store of the world. American Style: This is the largest department store in the world.Chinese Style: It's a novel of three volumes.American Style: It's a novel in three volumes.Chinese Style: He is a student of Harvard University.American Style: He is a student at Harvard University.Chinese Style: Do you know the meaning of the word of bumpy ?American Style: Do you know the meaning of the word bumpy ?Chinese Style: He had a child of his former wife.American Style: He had a child by his former wife.Chinese Style: She married old.American Style: She married late in life.Chinese Style: I saw it on the newspapers.American Style: I read ( saw ) it in the newspapers.Chinese Style: He is a liar, and you are one too.American Style: He is a liar, and you are too.Chinese Style: Open page 20 of your books.American Style: Open your books to page 20.Chinese Style: Our Chinese students are diligent. American Style: We Chinese students are diligent. Chinese Style: Don't make the office out of order. American Style: Don't leave the office in a mess.Chinese Style: I like to paint this door to black.American Style: I'd like to paint this door black.Chinese Style: I have a Chinese pen friend.American Style: I have a Chinese pen pal.Chinese Style: Give me a phone.American Style: Give me a phone call.Chinese Style: Is there any place for me in the car. American Style: Is there any room for me in the car.Chinese Style: Let's play together.American Style: Why don't you come over ?Chinese Style: I was very pleasant today.American Style: I had a very good time today.Chinese Style: He got 87 points in chemistry.American Style: He got an 87 in chemistry.Chinese Style: Chang is a popular name in Taiwan. American Style: Chang is a common name in Taiwan.Chinese Style: I'm a public servant.American Style: I work for the government.Chinese Style: She is pure.American Style: She is naive.Chinese Style: I have a question to you.American Style: I have a question to ask you.Chinese Style: This book deserves to read several times. American Style: This book deserves to be read several times.Chinese Style: I like red tea.American Style: I like black tea.Chinese Style: History repeats.American Style: History repeats itself.Chinese Style: I make a rule of going to bed early and get up early. American Style: I make a rule to keep early hours.Chinese Style: I went to the sea.American Style: I went to the beach.Chinese Style: The door was shut when I returned home.American Style: The door was closed when I returned home.Chinese Style: Shall we sit in that sofa ?American Style: Shall we sit on that sofa ?Chinese Style: This steak is soft.American Style: This steak is tender.Chinese Style: His new book will be sold well.American Style: His new book will sell well.Chinese Style: There're a lot of sparrows stopping on the telephone lines. American Style: There're a lot of sparrows sitting on the telephone lines.Chinese Style: He hit me strongly.American Style: He hit me hard.Chinese Style: My pay cannot support my living.American Style: My pay is not enough to live on.Chinese Style: He wants to establish a sweet home.American Style: He wants to establish a happy home.Chinese Style: Why don't you take a driving license.American Style: Why don't you get a driving license.Chinese Style: Last year I went to Seattle. I liked there very much. American Style: Last year I went to Seattle. I liked it very much.Chinese Style: My mother likes to drink thick tea.American Style: My mother likes her tea strong.Chinese Style: I think it will not rain tomorrow.American Style: I don't think it will rain tomorrow.Chinese Style: Is your camera this kind ?American Style: Is your camera like this ?Chinese Style: His house was struck by thunder last night. American Style: His house was struck by lightning last night.Chinese Style: My grandmother lived to eighty-five. American Style: My grandmother lived to be eighty-five.Chinese Style: I have a lot of work to be done.American Style: I have a lot of work to do.Chinese Style: To drink too much is bad for one's health. American Style: Drinking too much is bad for one's health.Chinese Style: Today is hot.American Style: It's hot today.Chinese Style: My father will be home today afternoon. American Style: My father will be home this afternoon.Chinese Style: What is the total sum ?American Style: How much does it come to ?Chinese Style: We changed our train at Woodland. American Style: We changed trains at Woodland.Chinese Style: I traveled to Europe.American Style: I made a trip to Europe.Chinese Style: I very like swimming.American Style: I like swimming very much.Chinese Style: Wait for your turn, please.American Style: Wait your turn, please.Chinese Style: What time is your watch.American Style: What time is it by your watch.Chinese Style: I don't know what did he say.American Style: I don't know what he said.Chinese Style: What do you feel now ?American Style: How do you feel now ?Chinese Style: What season do you like best ?American Style: Which season do you like best ?Chinese Style: Welcome you to Taiwan.American Style: Welcome to Taiwan.Chinese Style: Where is the capital of Australia.American Style: What is the capital of Australia.Chinese Style: He has a wide shoulders.American Style: He has a broad shoulders.Chinese Style: We enjoyed the cool wind.American Style: We enjoyed the cool breeze.Chinese Style: I bought this book with 50 dollars.American Style: I bought this book for 50 dollars.Chinese Style: He played all yesterday without working.American Style: He played all yesterday instead of working.Chinese Style: Don't work too hard.Yes, I won'tAmerican Style: Don't work too hard.All right, I won't.Chinese Style: What will you do over the weekend ? I will play tennis with Tom on Sunday. American Style: What are you going to do over the weekend ? I am going to play tennis with Tom on Sunday.Chinese Style: My father bought me a black small leather wallet yesterday.American Style: My father bought me a small black leather wallet yesterday.Chinese Style: Most of the time, it is difficult for Sam in finishing his work on time.American Style: Most of the time, it is difficult for Sam to finish his work on time.Chinese Style: These thugs are quite capable to do really hasty things. American Style: These thugs are quite capable of doing really hasty things.Chinese Style: I very enjoyed it.American Style: I really enjoyed it.Chinese Style: If you determine to make the grade in the entrance examination, you must work extra hard. American Style:If you are determined to make the grade in the entrance examination, you must work extra hard.Chinese Style: Please handle this gold watch carefully. It worths more than five thousand dollars.American Style: Please handle this gold watch carefully. It is worth more than five thousand dollars.Chinese Style: I ran into Maria yesterday morning. She looked healthily.American Style: I ran into Maria yesterday morning. She looked healthy.Chinese Style: I am the only son in the family. I have not brothers. American Style: I am the only son in the family. I have no brothers.Chinese Style: My borther has been busy in preparing for his final examination.American Style: My brother has been busy preparing for his final examination.Chinese Style: As the citizens of Hong Kong, we are necessary to help the police in their fight against crime.American Style: As the citizens of Hong Kong, it is necessary for us to help the police in their fight against crime.Chinese Style: The children were very dangerous as the knife-wielding madman was running amok in the kindergarten.American Style: The children were in great danger as the knife-wielding madman was running amok in the kindergarten.Chinese Style: Mr. Teow arrived at the office lately this morning.American Style: Mr. Teow arrived at the office late this morning.Chinese Style: Joseph did not go to the concert last week, I did not go too.American Style: Joseph did not go to the concert last week, I did not go either.Chinese Style: We have been waiting for half an hour. She has still not come.American Style: We have been waiting for half an hour. She has not come yet.Chinese Style: The hinges of the door had rusted. We had to push hardly to open it. American Style: The hinges of the door had rusted. We had to push hard to open it.Chinese Style: The sea was very rough that the ferry service had to be suspended.American Style: The sea was so rough that the ferry service had to be suspended.Chinese Style: It is unkind of him to ask a little child to do such many things in a day. American Style: It is unkind of him to ask a little child to do so many things in a day.Chinese Style: The three women quarrelled for more than an hour angrily outside the boutique.American Style: The three women quarrelled angrily for more than an hour outside the boutique.Chinese Style: You should describe what has happened detailly.American Style: You should describe what has happened in detail.Chinese Style: I received a letter from my sister two days before. American Style: I received a letter from my sister two days ago.Chinese Style: The driver, as well as four passengers, were injured in the head-on collision. American Style: The driver, as well as four passengers, was injured in the head-on collision.Chinese Style: More than one convict were sentenced to death. American Style: More than one convict was sentenced to death.Chinese Style: One of my students have sent me a birthday card. American Style: One of my students has sent me a birthday card.Chinese Style: Sophie is one of the most intelligent students that has ever existed in our school. American Style: Sophie is one of the most intelligent students that have ever existed in our school.Chinese Style: Reading detective stories are my favorite passtime. American Style: Reading detective stories is my favorite passtime.Chinese Style: " Snow White and the seven Dwarfs " are a very popular fairy tale.American Style: " Snow White and the seven Dwarfs " is a very popular fairy tale.Chinese Style: Five hundred miles are a long distance.American Style: Five hundred miles is a long distance.Chinese Style: Either you or he are the one who stole the watch.American Style: Either you or he is the one who stole the watch.Chinese Style: The quality of these products is more superior than that of the others. American Style: The quality of these products is superior to that of the others.Chinese Style: The living standard in Japan is higher than Korea. American Style: The living standard in Japan is higher than that in Korea.Chinese Style: My younger brother is taller than me.American Style: My younger brother is taller than I.Chinese Style: Which of the two girls is the most intelligent.American Style: Which of the two girls is more intelligent.Chinese Style: The patient felt much better in the morning than afternoon. American Style: The patient felt much better in the morning than in the afternoon.Chinese Style: What we need is the most perfect plan.American Style: What we need is a most perfect plan.Chinese Style: Which of these two shirts do you prefer more.American Style: Which of these two shirts do you prefer.Chinese Style: No sooner had I arrived home when it began to rain. American Style: No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Chinese Style: Mike found it more easier to work out a mathematical problem than to write a poem.American Style: Mike found it easier to work out a mathematical problem than to write a poem.Chinese Style: Charles loves Angel more than Simpson.American Style: Charles loves Angel more than Simpson does.Chinese Style: I saw where my mistakes lay and how to make up for them. American Style: I saw where my mistakes lay and how I could make up for them.Chinese Style: My archrival, Frankie, he scored very high marks in the last test.American Style: Frankie, my archrival, scored very high marks in the last test.Chinese Style: I felt very difficult to deal with this physics problem. American Style: I found it very difficult to deal with this physics problem.Chinese Style: The general meeting is scheduled to be held this afternoon at three. American Style: The general meeting is scheduled to be held at three this afternoon.Chinese Style: She ran into her boyfriend yesterday morning in Fair Avenue.American Style: She ran into her boyfriend in Fair Avenue yesterday morning.Chinese Style: Having not finished her housework, Mrs. Smith could not go window-shopping with her friends.American Style: Not having finished her housework, Mrs. Smith could not go window-shopping with her friends.Chinese Style: All the students are in interested in joining the club. American Style: No student is interested in joining the club.Chinese Style: I do not understand what is he talking about.American Style: I do not understand what he is talking about.Chinese Style: There were three thousands of spectators watching thefinal match.American Style: There were three thousand spectators watching the final match.Chinese Style: I've got many homeworks to do.American Style: I've got a lot of homework to do.Chinese Style: I went shopping at CauseWay Bay yesterday and bought a trousers.American Style: I went shopping at CauseWay Bay yesterday and bought a pair of trousers.Chinese Style: There are more than four million peoples in Singapore.. American Style: There are more than four million people in Singapore.Chinese Style: I feel boring.American Style: I feel bored.Chinese Style: Would you give me some advices before I go to the interview. American Style: Would you give me some advice before I go to the interview.Chinese Style: We went fishing last Saturday and John got five fishes. American Style: We went fishing last Saturday and John got five fish.Chinese Style: Typhoon Andrew has caused widespread damages to the crops. American Style: Typhoon Andrew has caused widespread damage to the crops.Chinese Style: Congratulation ! You have passed the driving test atlong last.American Style: Congratulations ! You have passed the driving test atlong last.Chinese Style: I am afraid that this is the dirty mean to gain success. American Style: I am afraid that this is the dirty means to gain success.Chinese Style: Chinese are more conservative than English.American Style: The Chinese are more conservative than the English.Chinese Style: Cow is a useful animal.American Style: The cow is a useful animal.Chinese Style: I have got headache.American Style: I have got a headache.Chinese Style: Comparing with that in Singapore, the living standard in Hong Kong is very high. American Style: Compared with that in Singapore, the living standard in Hong Kong is very high.Chinese Style: Finishing his homework, Walters went to the football pitch with his friends. American Style: After finishing his homework, Walters went to the football pitch with his friends.Chinese Style: Sophia felt embarassing when I asked her how old she was. American Style: Sophia felt embarassed when I asked her how old she was.Chinese Style: It is more hygenic to drink boiling water.American Style: It is more hygenic to drink boiled water.Chinese Style: I have cut my hair at the barber's once a month.American Style: I have my hair cut at he barber's once a month.Chinese Style: I am sorry to have kept you waited.American Style: I am sorry to have kept you waiting.Chinese Style: There is a stranger stand at the door.American Style: There is a stranger standing at the door.Chinese Style: The robbers run into goldsmith's shop, shouted, " This is a robbery ".American Style: The robbers run into goldsmith's shop, shouting, " This is a robbery ".Chinese Style: Anybody is found picking the flowers will be prosecuted. American Style: Anybody who is found picking the flowers will be prosecuted.Chinese Style: Being no other business, the chairman declared themeeting closed.American Style: There being no other business, the chairman declared the meeting closed.Chinese Style: Laura has spent half a day to revise his lessons.American Style: Laura has spent half a day revising his lessons.Chinese Style: Finally, Ricky succeeded to enter the University. American Style: Finally, Ricky succeeded in entering the University.Chinese Style: I am used to watch television with the light on.American Style: I am used to watching television with the light on.Chinese Style: After dinner, my mother suggested to go for a walk. American Style: After dinner, my mother suggested going for a walk.Chinese Style: The government is considering the possibility to build a new airport on Lantau island.American Style: The government is considering the possibility of building a new airport on Lantau island.Chinese Style: Would you mind to pass me the salt, please ?American Style: Would you mind to passing me the salt, please ?Chinese Style: I am going to watch the cinema tonight.American Style: I am going to a movie tonight.Chinese Style: My son will marry next month.American Style: My son will get married next month.Chinese Style: My sister is going to marry with a doctor.American Style: My sister is going to marry a doctor.Chinese Style: You can sit my next seat.American Style: You can sit next to me.Chinese Style: I think you cheat me !American Style: I think you are lying to me !Chinese Style: My head is sick.American Style: I have a headache.Chinese Style: Which team you support hah.American Style: Which team do you root for.Chinese Style: This is my older brother.American Style: This is my elder brother.Chinese Style: Thanks to see me.American Style: Thanks for dropping by. ( coming ).Chinese Style: Where are you come from ?。
吃药的英语口语中英对照关于吃药的英语口语中英对照英语口语是被英语国家人民普遍应用的口头交流的语言形式。
英语口语通常是通过声音传播的。
英语文学作品中也常以书面形式记叙英语口语。
英语口语灵活多变，多因场合与发言者不同而被自由使用。
与口语相对，书面英语是在口语的基础上发展出来的，用于书面表达的语言。
下面是店铺整理的吃药的英语口语中英对照，一起来看看吧。
英语口语：吃药1.Do I have to take some medicine?我还要吃药吗?2.How many pills for each time?每次要吃多少粒啊?3.Nine pills per day, and three pills after each meal.一天九粒，每顿饭后三粒。
4.Have you taken your medicine?你吃过药了吗?5.What medicine should I take?我该吃什么药?6.Just take this medicin e and it’s effective for the fever induced by a cold.吃这种药吧，它对感冒引起的发烧很有效。
7.How many should I take, then?那我该吃多少?8.You should take the medicine for three days: one in the morning and one at night.你应该吃三天这种药，一天两片，早晚各一片。
9.You are not yet well enough to dispense with the pills.你尚未痊愈，仍需要吃药。
10.Take the medicine regularly three times a day.定时吃药，每天三次。
11.You are in danger of catching a cold if you don’t take any medicine.如果你不吃药的话，就有感冒的`危险。
学习英语知识的方法中英文翻译对照学习英语知识的方法中英文翻译对照知识的方法中英文翻译对照美语场景讲解：电脑Section 56 Computers1. Do you understand computers?2. Well, I know how to use one, and basically what it can do.3. So, what is the point of using a computer?4. Well, it is there because it can do things so quickly.5. Like what, for example?6. Like word processing, you know, writing letters and things.7. Is that faster than by hand?8. Sure. It is so easy to correct mistake without having to throw away what you have already written.9. So what else are they useful for?10. Calculations and spread sheets are so much easier by computer.11. And what about communications? I hear they are important in computing.12. Yah. Email and Internet are the big things now.13. But do you think computers will change our lives much?14. Of course. But with the right attitude, a positive attitude, you can see that it will make our lives much better.15. I sure hope you’re right.译文：五十六电脑1.你懂电脑吗？2.我会使用，也知道它的基本功用。
经典英语美文中英文对照我国教育部门对英语的教育是极为重视的,培养专业英语人才不仅需要具有专业的英语语言知识和文化,而且能够在不同的岗位上使用英语和本族语来从事不同的工作。
下面是店铺带来的中英文对照经典英语美文，欢迎阅读!中英文对照经典英语美文篇一One man’s meat is another man’s poisonPeople become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten. If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy. You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive. On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat-- the normally accepted practice in many northern countries. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail. Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world. There are countless people who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food. My friend, Robert, lives in a country where snails are despised. As his flat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own. For years he has been asking me to collect snails from my garden and take them to him. The idea never appealed to me very much, but one day, after a heavy shower, I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several dozen, put them in a paper bag, and took them to Robert. Robert was delighted to see me and equallypleased with my little gift. I left the bag in thehall and Robert and I went into the living-room where we talked for a couple of hours. I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish. I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantly followed Robert out of the room. T o our dismay, we saw that there were snails everywhere: they had escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall! I have never been able to look at a snail since then.在决定什么能吃而什么不能吃的时候，人们往往变得不合情理。
英语短语中英文对照in cement 坚定不移的;很坚固的;不会再改变的I knew her love with the guy was in cement,but I still wished that she should not threw the caution to the winds and take the plunge to marry him.我知道她是铁了心的爱上他,但是我仍希望她三思,不要孤注一掷地与他结婚.cement 作名词,本意是“水泥“,引申喻指“加固“或“凝固“.习语 be in cement 喻指“坚定不移的“ “不妥协的“或“不易再改变的“,一般用于口语之中.如:It seemes to me that their love is in cement.依我看他们的爱情已经是成了定局.Pardon me你说什么？在此表示不敢相信自己听到的话Pardon me? Did you just tell me to shut up?你说什么？你刚刚是叫我闭嘴吗？Watch your mouth.说话当心一点。
(表示对方说了不该说的话，或是说话的态度不好)Watch your mouth! That language is terrible!注意你说话的态度！你用字很不文雅！stay up熬夜，很晚都不去睡A: I ‘m going to bed at ten.我要十点上床。
B: Why? It ‘s Friday. You should stay up late like me.为什么？今天是星期五。
你该跟我一样熬夜。
It doesn ‘t matter.（某事）根本无关紧要。
(在此表示不耐烦，要对方不要扯上一些不相关的事)It doesn ‘t matter who wins, just try your best.谁赢根本无所谓，只要尽你所能。
map out 画地图Let ‘s map out what to do on our trip.我们来画地图，看看这次旅行要去做些什么！have all the luck （某人）的运气很好。
常见专业术语:组织过程定义控制程序 process for organizational process definition 软件生命周期模型software life cycle model组织标准过程集合描述 description of organization's set of standard process.组织标准过程裁剪指南 tailoring guideline for organizational standard process过程数据库使用规范usage specification for process metrics library过程财富度量报告measurement report for process asserts项目生命周期模型选择工作单sheet for selecting project software lifecycle model组织过程焦点控制程序 process for organizational process focus EPG工作章程EPG charterEPG工作考核细则performance appraisal rules for EPG member 过程改进建议处理控制程序process for handling process improvement proposal过程定义文件配置管理规范configuration management specification for process definition document过程行动组(PAT)工作记录process action team (PAT) working record过程定义文件试验结果评定表evaluation form for pilot result of process definition document过程状态季度报告模板 process status quarterly report template过程行动计划process action plan过程推广计划process promotion plan过程试验计划process pilot plan公司年度过程评估计划 organizational process assessment annual plan 公司过程改进总体要求 General objectives for organizational process improvement会议记录meeting minutes过程改进建议和意见汇总表summary form of comments and suggestions of PI过程改进实践状态清单 status list for process improvement practice EPG工作度量epg metrics程序文件评审讨论问题记录表issue record of process document review过程改进总体计划General plan for process improvement过程改进工作度量报告 metrics report for process improvement过程豁免申请单 process exempt application过程改进任务列表 process improvement tasks list组织级培训过程控制程序organization- level training process兼职讲师管理规定part-time instructor management regulation 免修规程training waiver procedure培训课程开发规程training course development procedure外购培训管理规程outsourcing training management procedure培训效果评估规定training effectiveness evaluation procedure 培训效果跟踪表 training effectiveness tracking record员工培训计划申请表application for employee training plan 员工外训学习申请表application for employee external training 免修培训申请表application for training waiver战略培训需求表demands form for strategic training需求管理控制程序requirement management process需求变更控制规程requirement change control procedure变更影响分析控制规程 Impact analysis procedure of change确定项目已定义过程规程procedure for establishing project's defined process项目协调与沟通规程project communication & negotiation procedure 风险管理控制程序risk management process风险管理指导书risk management guidebook风险管理计划risk management plan风险列表risk list商业现货软件产品选择控制程序COTS product selection process COTS软件产品评价准则COTS product evaluation criteriaCOTS软件产品评价报告COTS product evaluation report供应商合作通知单cooperation notification to supplier第三方产品评估表the 3rd party's product evaluation form商业现货采购控制程序 COTS product procurement process软件子合同管理控制程序software sub-contract management process子合同评审规程sub-contract review procedure子合同开发监管规程sub-contract development monitoring procedure子合同配置管理规程sub-contract Configuration Management procedure子合同配置监督计划模版sub-contract configuration monitoring plan template子合同QA审核规程sub-contract QA audit procedure软件子承包商评定标准 sub-contractor evaluation criteria直真软件开发子合同模板(商务) contract template (business) for ZZ's software sub-contract子合同开发过程监控报告sub-contract development monitoring report子合同开发过程监控计划sub-contract development monitoring plan子合同工作计划sub-contract working plan产品(项目)子合同申请单application form for product( project ) sub-contract候选子承包商评估报告 candidate sub-contractor evaluation report 软件子合同评审记录software sub-contract review record项目策划控制程序project planning process规模估计规程size estimation procedure工作量估计规程effort estimation procedure编制进度规程schedule generation procedure项目策划计划plan for project planningPDSP文档PDSP document项目环境列表project's environment list项目的任务WBS列表project's task WBS list产品规模估计表product size estimation form工作量估计表effort estimation form关键计算机资源表CCR list外来工作产品清单out-sourcing work product list主要工作产品清单main work product list交付工作产品清单deliverable work product list人力资源需求表HR demands form人力资源评估表HR evaluation form项目人员计划表project's HR plan项目预算工时表project's budget/ effort form项目需增加硬件、软件成本预算表Budget form for hardware & software added共利益者协调计划表stakeholder negotiation plan资料管理计划表materials management plan开发计划development plan项目培训计划project training plan项目进度表project schedule项目总体进度表abstract project schedule合同项目立项报告initiating report for contract project研发项目立项报告initiating report for R&D project项目跟踪监控程序SPTO process研发中心例会管理规定 Review meeting procedure for R&D center研发项目组例会管理规定Review meeting procedure for R&D project team项目关闭控制程序project closure process里程碑评审规程milestone review procedure软件开发计划变更规程 Software development plan revise procedure 对外承诺变更控制规程 External commitment change procedure测量与分析控制程序 measurement & analysis process度量项定义规程measurement item definition procedure测量目标选择表measurement goal selection list项目测量数据集合project's metrics set项目度量周报project's metrics weekly report测量规格说明书metrics specification度量报告metrics report项目度量计划project's measurement plan决策分析与解决方案控制程序discussion analysis and resolution processDAR运用指南DAR practice guideline决策方案评价准则desiccation resolution evaluation criteria 过程与产品质量保证控制程序process& product quality assurance process不符合问题处理规程non-compliance issue handle procedure项目过程活动评审规程 project's process activity review procedure 项目工作产品审核规程 project's work product audit procedure质量保证活动策划规程 SQA planning procedure不符合问题等级标准non-compliance issue grade standard评价工作产品任务集合 work product evaluation tasks set评价过程活动任务集合 process activity evaluation tasks set不符合问题报告表non-compliance issue report不符合问题跟踪记录表 non-compliance issue tracking record工作产品审核记录表work product audit record过程活动评审记录表process activity review record 项目QA计划进度表project's QA planned schedule外部专家审核报告external expert audit report跨项目QA报告QA report across projects项目QA报告project QA report项目QA计划project QA plan软件配置管理控制程序 software configuration management process配置管理标准configuration management standard测试阶段CI变更规程CI change procedure in testing phase产品出库规程product check-out procedure产品入库规程product check-in procedure产品发布管理规程product release management procedure产品日常备份规程product daily backup procedure配置变更分析规程configuration change impact analysis procedure配置变更管理子过程configuration change management sub-process 配置审核管理规程configuration audit management procedure产品库管理规程product library management procedure配置项状态报告CI status report功能配置审核报告模板 FCA report template物理配置审核报告模板 FCA report template基线配置审核报告模板 baseline configuration audit report template 软件送测单delivering software to testing form日常备份记录daily backup record配置项清单CI list产品发布通知product release notification产品发布报告product release report配置管理计划模版CM plan template配置管理任务列表CM tasks list配置审核问题跟踪记录表configuration audit issues tracking record文件归档申请单application form for document archiving项目SCM任务单project's SCM task list最终产品规模测量记录 final product size metrics record销售管理控制程序sales management control process售前支持控制程序pre-sales support control process售前技术支持计划pre-sales technical support plan售前技术申请pre-sales technical application产品定义过程控制程序 product definition process需求调研规程requirement investigation procedure软件需求分析控制程序 software requirement analysis process面向对象需求分析规程 O-O requirement analysis procedure需求分析方法工具指南 guideline for methods /tools of requirement analysis需求缺陷分类标准standard of requirement defect types需求规格说明Checklist checklist for requirement specification需求分析计划跟踪表requirement analysis plan and tracking record 需求不一致项跟踪记录表requirement defect tracking record 产品(产品构件)需求product ( product component) requirement产品(产品构件)需求规格说明书－By Object product ( product component) requirement specification template -by object产品(产品构件)需求规格说明书－By Feature product ( product component) requirement specification template -by feature产品(产品构件)需求规格说明书－By User Class product( product component) requirement specification template -by user class产品(产品构件)需求规格说明书－By Fun Hierarchy product( product component) requirement specification template -by Fun Hierarchy软件概要设计控制程序 software preliminary design process软件详细设计控制程序 software detailed design process概要设计说明书模板一(面向对象) PD document template (OO)概要设计说明书模板PD document template软件开发计划模版SDP template数据库设计说明书模板 database design document template用户界面设计说明书user interface design document详细设计说明书模板DD document template产品实现控制程序-代码实现product realization process-coding设计问题跟踪记录表tracking record for design issuesC++编码规范C++ coding specificationJAVA编程规范JAVA coding specification产品构件实现清单product component realization list产品构件实现方法和计划product component realization method and plan产品实现控制程序-支持文档实现product realization process- supportive document realization产品集成控制程序product integration process接口管理规程interface management procedure集成产品评价规程integrated product evaluation procedure 《产品集成策略》模版 product integration strategy template《产品集成评价报告》模版product integration evaluation report template接口跟踪表interface tracking record接口不一致项列表interface non-compliance list部件测试控制程序component testing process产品集成测试控制程序 product integration testing process系统测试控制程序system testing processFIRST OFF测试控制程序FIRST OFF testing processBUG管理系统使用规范bug management system usage specification BUG确认规程Bug confirmation procedure正式评审规程formal review procedure同级评审指导书PR guidebook技术评审规程technical review procedure同级评审策划规程PR planning procedure正式评审申请表formal review application技术评审申请表technical review application评审工作分析报告review analysis report评审工作表review working form评审准备数据表review preparation metric form同级评审计划PR plan评审记录和缺陷跟踪表 review record and defect tracking record 系统测试数据和测试环境设计system testing metrics and testing environment design部件测试数据和测试环境设计component testing metrics and testing environment design部件测试用例component testing use-case系统测试用例system testing use-case系统测试方案system testing scheme部件测试方案component testing scheme接受系统测试检查单 system testing checklist接受产品集成测试检查单 product integration testing checklist接受部件测试检查单 component testing checklist接受First off测试检查单 FIRST OFF testing checklistFirst off测试计划Fist Off testing plan测试计划testing plan产品集成测试计划product integration testing plan测试问题记录表testing issue record单个自由产品测试总结 independent product testing summary测试报告testing report测试总结testing summary产品集成测试报告product integration testing report代码走查规程code walk-through procedure单元测试规程unit testing procedure制定确认策划规程validation planning procedure确认规程validation procedure需求确认方法描述requirement validation methods description 产品确认方法描述product validation methods description确认计划书模板validation plan template产品验收控制程序product acceptance processFIRST OFF规程Fist off procedure产品发布规程product release procedure产品移交规程product delivery procedure系统集成控制程序system integration process系统集成项目测试验收规程acceptance procedure for system integration project testing系统集成项目维护规程 maintenance procedure for system integration project售后服务控制程序post-sales service control process客户服务请求处理表handle form for customer service application 客户服务请求解决情况统计表statistics for closure status of customer service application客户满意度调查表customer satisfaction questionnaire客户满意度统计分析报告statistics analysis report for customer satisfaction客户满意改进方案customer satisfaction improvement plan售后客户档案(原有文件) post-sales customer profile ( original documents)维护项目控制程序maintenance project control process一级维护任务单the 1st level maintenance tasks form维护项目立项报告initiating report for maintenance project 维护项目工作计划working plan for maintenance project现场服务记录on-site service record现场培训记录on-site training record维护项目总结报告summary report for maintenance project二级任务单the 2nd tasks form项目结束通知单project closure notification项目决算报告project settlement report软件维护控制程序software maintenance control process维护需求记录表maintenance demands record软件维护申请表software maintenance application软件维护记录单software maintenance formAcceptance Testing－－可接受性测试一般由用户/客户进行的确认是否可以接受一个产品的验证性测试. actual outcome－－实际结果被测对象在特定的条件下实际产生的结果.Ad Hoc Testing－－随机测试测试人员通过随机的尝试系统的功能,试图使系统中断.algorithm－－算法(1)一个定义好的有限规则集,用于在有限步骤内解决一个问题；(2)执行一个特定任务的任何操作序列.algorithm analysis－－算法分析一个软件的验证确认任务,用于保证选择的算法是正确的、合适的和稳定的,并且满足所有精确性、规模和时间方面的要求.Alpha Testing－－Alpha测试由选定的用户进行的产品早期性测试.这个测试一般在可控制的环境下进行的.analysis－－分析(1)分解到一些原子部分或基本原则,以便确定整体的特性；(2)一个推理的过程,显示一个特定的结果是假设前提的结果；(3)一个问题的方法研究,并且问题被分解为一些小的相关单元作进一步详细研究.anomaly－－异常在文档或软件操作中观察到的任何与期望违背的结果.application software－－应用软件满足特定需要的软件.architecture－－构架一个系统或组件的组织结构.ASQ－－自动化软件质量(Automated Software Quality)使用软件工具来提高软件的质量.assertion－－断言指定一个程序必须已经存在的状态的一个逻辑表达式,或者一组程序变量在程序执行期间的某个点上必须满足的条件.assertion checking－－断言检查用户在程序中嵌入的断言的检查.audit－－审计一个或一组工作产品的独立检查以评价与规格、标准、契约或其它准则的符合程度.audit trail－－审计跟踪系统审计活动的一个时间记录.Automated Testing－－自动化测试使用自动化测试工具来进行测试,这类测试一般不需要人干预,通常在GUI、性能等测试中用得较多.Backus-Naur Form－－BNF范式一种分析语言,用于形式化描述语言的语法baseline－－基线一个已经被正式评审和批准的规格或产品,它作为进一步开发的一个基础,并且必须通过正式的变更流程来变更.Basic Block－－基本块一个或多个顺序的可执行语句块,不包含任何分支语句.basis test set－－基本测试集根据代码逻辑引出来的一个测试用例集合,它保证能获得100%的分支覆盖.behavior－－行为对于一个系统的一个函数的输入和预置条件组合以及需要的反应.一个函数的所有规格包含一个或多个行为.benchmark－－标杆/指标/基准一个标准,根据该标准可以进行度量或比较.Beta Testing－－Beta测试在客户场地,由客户进行的对产品预发布版本的测试.这个测试一般是不可控的.big-bang testing－－大锤测试/一次性集成测试非渐增式集成测试的一种策略,测试的时候把所有系统的组件一次性组合成系统进行测试.Black Box Testing－－黑盒测试根据软件的规格对软件进行的测试,这类测试不考虑软件内部的运作原理,因此软件对用户来说就像一个黑盒子.bottom-up testing－－由低向上测试渐增式集成测试的一种,其策略是先测试底层的组件,然后逐步加入较高层次的组件进行测试,直到系统所有组件都加入到系统.boundary value－－边界值一个输入或输出值,它处在等价类的边界上.boundary value coverage－－边界值覆盖通过测试用例,测试组件等价类的所有边界值.boundary value testing－－边界值测试通过边界值分析方法来生成测试用例的一种测试策略.Boundary Value Analysis－－边界值分析该分析一般与等价类一起使用.经验认为软件的错误经常在输入的边界上产生,因此边界值分析就是分析软件输入边界的一种方法.branch－－分支在组件中,控制从任何语句到其它任何非直接后续语句的一个条件转换,或者是一个无条件转换.branch condition－－分支条件branch condition combination coverage－－分支条件组合覆盖在每个判定中所有分支条件结果组合被测试用例覆盖到的百分比. branch condition combination testing－－分支条件组合测试通过执行分支条件结果组合来设计测试用例的一种方法.branch condition coverage－－分支条件覆盖每个判定中分支条件结果被测试用例覆盖到的百分比.branch condition testing－－分支条件测试通过执行分支条件结果来设计测试用例的一种方法.branch coverage－－分支覆盖通过测试执行到的分支的百分比.branch outcome－－分支结果见判定结果(decision outcome)branch point－－分支点branch testing－－分支测试通过执行分支结果来设计测试用例的一种方法.Breadth Testing－－广度测试在测试中测试一个产品的所有功能,但是不测试更细节的特性.bug－－缺陷capture/playback tool－－捕获/回放工具参考capture/replay toolCapture/Replay Tool－－捕获/回放工具一种测试工具,能够捕获在测试过程中传递给软件的输入,并且能够在以后的时间中,重复这个执行的过程.这类工具一般在GUI测试中用的较多. CASE－－计算机辅助软件工程(computer aided software engineering) 用于支持软件开发的一个自动化系统.CAST－－计算机辅助测试在测试过程中使用计算机软件工具进行辅助的测试.cause-effect graph－－因果图一个图形,用来表示输入(原因)与结果之间的关系,可以被用来设计测试用例.certification－－证明一个过程,用于确定一个系统或组件与特定的需求相一致.change control－－变更控制一个用于计算机系统或系统数据修改的过程,该过程是质量保证程序的一个关键子集,需要被明确的描述.code audit－－代码审计由一个人、组或工具对源代码进行的一个独立的评审,以验证其与设计规格、程序标准的一致性.正确性和有效性也会被评价.Code Coverage－－代码覆盖率一种分析方法,用于确定在一个测试套执行后,软件的哪些部分被执行到了,哪些部分没有被执行到.Code Inspection－－代码检视一个正式的同行评审手段,在该评审中,作者的同行根据检查表对程序的逻辑进行提问,并检查其与编码规范的一致性.Code Walkthrough－－代码走读一个非正式的同行评审手段,在该评审中,代码被使用一些简单的测试用例进行人工执行,程序变量的状态被手工分析,以分析程序的逻辑和假设. code-based testing－－基于代码的测试根据从实现中引出的目标设计测试用例.coding standards－－编程规范一些编程方面需要遵循的标准,包括命名方式、排版格式等内容. Compatibility Testing－－兼容性测试测试软件是否和系统的其它与之交互的元素之间兼容,如：浏览器、操作系统、硬件等.complete path testing－－完全路径测试completeness－－完整性实体的所有必须部分必须被包含的属性.complexity－－复杂性系统或组件难于理解或验证的程度.Component－－组件一个最小的软件单元,有着独立的规格Component Testing－－组件测试computation data use－－计算数据使用一个不在条件中的数据使用.computer system security－－计算机系统安全性计算机软件和硬件对偶然的或故意的访问、使用、修改或破坏的一种保护机制.condition－－条件一个不包含布尔操作的布尔表达式,例如：Acondition coverage－－条件覆盖通过测试执行到的条件的百分比.condition outcome－－条件结果条件为真为假的评价.configuration control－－配置控制配置管理的一个方面,包括评价、协调、批准、和实现配置项的变更. configuration management－－配置管理一套技术和管理方面的原则用于确定和文档化一个配置项的功能和物理属性、控制对这些属性的变更、记录和报告变更处理和实现的状态、以及验证与指定需求的一致性.conformance criterion－－一致性标准判断组件在一个特定输入值上的行为是否符合规格的一种方法. Conformance Testing－－一致性测试测试一个系统的实现是否和其基于的规格相一致的测试.consistency－－一致性在系统或组件的各组成部分和文档之间没有矛盾,一致的程度. consistency checker－－一致性检查器一个软件工具,用于测试设计规格中需求的一致性和完整性.control flow－－控制流程序执行中所有可能的事件顺序的一个抽象表示.control flow graph－－控制流图通过一个组件的可能替换控制流路径的一个图形表示.conversion testing－－转换测试用于测试已有系统的数据是否能够转换到替代系统上的一种测试. corrective maintenance－－故障检修用于纠正硬件或软件中故障的维护.correctness－－正确性软件遵从其规格的程度.correctness－－正确性软件在其规格、设计和编码中没有故障的程度.软件、文档和其它项满足需求的程度.软件、文档和其它项满足用户明显的和隐含的需求的程度. coverage－－覆盖率用于确定测试所执行到的覆盖项的百分比.coverage item－－覆盖项作为测试基础的一个入口或属性：如语句、分支、条件等.crash－－崩溃计算机系统或组件突然并完全的丧失功能.criticality－－关键性需求、模块、错误、故障、失效或其它项对一个系统的操作或开发影响的程度.criticality analysis－－关键性分析需求的一种分析,它根据需求的风险情况给每个需求项分配一个关键级别. cyclomatic complexity－－循环复杂度一个程序中独立路径的数量.data corruption－－数据污染违背数据一致性的情况.data definition－－数据定义一个可执行语句,在该语句上一个变量被赋予了一个值.data definition C-use coverage－－数据定义C-use覆盖在组件中被测试执行到的数据定义C-use使用对的百分比.data definition C-use pair－－数据定义C-use使用对一个数据定义和一个计算数据使用,数据使用的值是数据定义的值.data definition P-use coverage－－数据定义P-use覆盖在组件中被测试执行到的数据定义P-use使用对的百分比.data definition P-use pair－－数据定义P-use使用对一个数据定义和一个条件数据使用,数据使用的值是数据定义的值.data definition-use coverage－－数据定义使用覆盖在组件中被测试执行到的数据定义使用对的百分比.data definition-use pair－－数据定义使用对一个数据定义和一个数据使用,数据使用的值是数据定义的值.data definition-use testing－－数据定义使用测试以执行数据定义使用对为目标进行测试用例设计的一种技术.data dictionary－－数据字典(1)一个软件系统中使用的所有数据项名称,以及这些项相关属性的集合.(2)数据流、数据元素、文件、数据基础、和相关处理的一个集合. data flow analysis－－数据流分析一个软件验证和确认过程,用于保证输入和输出数据和它们的格式是被适当定义的,并且数据流是正确的.data flow coverage－－数据流覆盖测试覆盖率的度量是根据变量在代码中的使用情况.data flow diagram－－数据流图把数据源、数据接受、数据存储和数据处理作为节点描述的一个图形,数据之间的逻辑体现为节点之间的边.data flow testing－－数据流测试根据代码中变量的使用情况进行的测试.data integrity－－数据完整性一个数据集合完全、正确和一致的程度.data use－－数据使用一个可执行的语句,在该语句中,变量的值被访问.data validation－－数据确认用于确认数据不正确、不完整和不合理的过程.dead code－－死代码在程序操作过程中永远不可能被执行到的代码.Debugging－－调试发现和去除软件失效根源的过程.decision－－判定一个程序控制点,在该控制点上,控制流有两个或多个可替换路由. Decision condition－－判定条件判定内的一个条件.decision coverage－－判定覆盖在组件中被测试执行到的判定结果的百分比.decision outcome－－判定结果一个判定的结果,决定控制流走哪条路径.decision table－－判定表一个表格,用于显示条件和条件导致动作的集合.Depth Testing－－深度测试执行一个产品的一个特性的所有细节,但不测试所有特性.比较广度测试. design of experiments－－实验设计一种计划实验的方法,这样适合分析的数据可以被收集.design-based testing－－基于设计的测试根据软件的构架或详细设计引出测试用例的一种方法.desk checking－－桌面检查通过手工模拟软件执行的方式进行测试的一种方式.diagnostic－－诊断检测和隔离故障或失效的过程.dirty testing－－肮脏测试参考负面测试(negative testing)disaster recovery－－灾难恢复一个灾难的恢复和重建过程或能力.documentation testing－－文档测试测试关注于文档的正确性.domain－－域值被选择的一个集合.domain testing－－域测试参考等价划分测试(equivalence partition testing)dynamic analysis－－动态分析根据执行的行为评价一个系统或组件的过程.Dynamic Testing－－动态测试通过执行软件的手段来测试软件.embedded software－－嵌入式软件软件运行在特定硬件设备中,不能独立于硬件存在.这类系统一般要求实时性较高.emulator－－仿真一个模仿另一个系统的系统或设备,它接受相同的输入并产生相同的输出. End-to-End testing－－端到端测试在一个模拟现实使用的场景下测试一个完整的应用环境,例如和数据库交互,使用网络通信等.entity relationship diagram－－实体关系图描述现实世界中实体及它们关系的图形.entry point－－入口点一个组件的第一个可执行语句.Equivalence Class－－等价类组件输入或输出域的一个部分,在该部分中,组件的行为从组件的规格上来看认为是相同的.equivalence partition coverage－－等价划分覆盖在组件中被测试执行到的等价类的百分比.equivalence partition testing－－等价划分测试根据等价类设计测试用例的一种技术.Equivalence Partitioning－－等价划分组件的一个测试用例设计技术,该技术从组件的等价类中选取典型的点进行测试.error－－错误IEEE的定义是：一个人为产生不正确结果的行为.error guessing－－错误猜测根据测试人员以往的经验猜测可能出现问题的地方来进行用例设计的一种技术.error seeding－－错误播种/错误插值故意插入一些已知故障(fault)到一个系统中去的过程,目的是为了根据错误检测和跟踪的效率并估计系统中遗留缺陷的数量.exception－－异常/例外一个引起正常程序执行挂起的事件.executable statement－－可执行语句一个语句在被编译后会转换成目标代码,当程序运行是会被执行,并且可能对程序数据产生动作.Exhaustive Testing－－穷尽测试测试覆盖软件的所有输入和条件组合.exit point－－出口点一个组件的最后一个可执行语句.expected outcome－－期望结果参考预期结果(predicted outcome).failure－－失效软件的行为与其期望的服务相背离.fault－－故障在软件中一个错误的表现.feasible path－－可达路径可以通过一组输入值和条件执行到的一条路径.feature testing－－特性测试参考功能测试(Functional Testing)FMEA－－失效模型效果分析(Failure Modes and Effects Analysis)可靠性分析中的一种方法,用于在基本组件级别上确认对系统性能有重大影响的失效.FMECA－－失效模型效果关键性分析(Failure Modes and Effects Criticality Analysis)FMEA的一个扩展,它分析了失效结果的严重性.FTA－－故障树分析(Fault Tree Analysis)引起一个不需要事件产生的条件和因素的确认和分析,通常是严重影响系统性能、经济性、安全性或其它需要特性.functional decomposition－－功能分解参考模块分解(modular decomposition)Functional Specification－－功能规格说明书一个详细描述产品特性的文档.Functional Testing－－功能测试测试一个产品的特性和可操作行为以确定它们满足规格.glass box testing－－玻璃盒测试参考白盒测试(White Box Testing)IEEE－－美国电子与电器工程师学会(Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers)incremental testing－－渐增测试集成测试的一种,组件逐渐被增加到系统中直到整个系统被集成. infeasible path－－不可达路径不能够通过任何可能的输入值集合执行到的路径.input domain－－输入域所有可能输入的集合.inspection－－检视对文档进行的一种评审形式.install ability testing－－可安装性测试确定系统的安装程序是否正确的测试.instrumentation－－插装在程序中插入额外的代码以获得程序在执行时行为的信息. instrumenter－－插装器执行插装的工具Integration Testing－－集成测试测试一个应用组合后的部分以确保它们的功能在组合之后正确.该测试一般在单元测试之后进行.interface－－接口两个功能单元的共享边界.interface analysis－－接口分析分析软件与硬件、用户和其它软件之间接口的需求规格.interface testing－－接口测试测试系统组件间接口的一种测试.invalid inputs－－无效输入在程序功能输入域之外的测试数据.isolation testing－－孤立测试组件测试(单元测试)策略中的一种,把被测组件从其上下文组件之中孤立出来,通过设计驱动和桩进行测试的一种方法.Job－－工作一个用户定义的要计算机完成的工作单元.job control language－－工作控制语言用于确定工作顺序,描述它们对操作系统要求并控制它们执行的语言. LCSAJ－－线性代码顺序和跳转(Linear Code Sequence And Jump)包含三个部分：可执行语句线性顺序的起始,线性顺序的结束,在线性顺序结束处控制流跳转的目标语句.LCSAJ coverage－－LCSAJ覆盖在组件中被测试执行到的LCSAJ的百分比.LCSAJ testing－－LCSAJ测试根据LCSAJ设计测试用例的一种技术.Load Testing－－负载测试通过测试系统在资源超负荷情况下的表现,以发现设计上的错误或验证系统的负载能力.logic analysis－－逻辑分析(1)评价软件设计的关键安全方程式、算法和控制逻辑的方法.(2)评价程序操作的顺序并且检测可能导致灾难的错误.logic-coverage testing－－逻辑覆盖测试参考结构化测试用例设计(structural test case design) maintainability－－可维护性一个软件系统或组件可以被修改的容易程度,这个修改一般是因为缺陷纠正、性能改进或特性增加引起的.maintainability testing－－可维护性测试测试系统是否满足可维护性目标.modified condition/decision coverage－－修改条件/判定覆盖在组件中被测试执行到的修改条件/判定的百分比.modified condition/decision testing－－修改条件/判定测试根据MC/DC设计测试用例的一种技术.Monkey Testing－－跳跃式测试随机性,跳跃式的测试一个系统,以确定一个系统是否会崩溃.MTBF－－平均失效间隔实际(mean time between failures)两次失效之间的平均操作时间.MTTF－－平均失效时间(mean time to failure)第一次失效之前的平均时间。
