上海市青浦区2018届高三4月质量调研(二模)英语

2018上海市青浦区高三英语4月质量调研（二模）试卷（有答案）青浦区conditioner on8 A They are entertainingB They are time-consumingC They are boringD They are rewarding9 A She is fully engagedB She doesn’t like get-togetherC She has some paper to buryD She questions the man’s purpose10 A His notebook is missingB His handwriting is difficult to readC He wasn’t in class this morning eitherD He’s already lent his notes to someone elseSection BDirections In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heardQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11 A Photos of polar bearsB Photos heavily editedC Photos of fine quality to appear in printD Photos reflecting scientists’ working life12 A A year’s personal subscription to Nature is another award to winners。

III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Our modern working lives are ruled by the concept of competence(能力). The idea that lies behind competence is quite simple: that one can state what people should do in behavioral terms, and then 41 whether a person has succeeded in meeting that task or not. We rarely have a second thought about whether the idea of measuring and achieving competence is a good one or not. 42 , it is a debatable one.Humans do not learn or work in ways that can be measured by the 43 of competence. Take the example of a barista who is being trained to make coffee. The job title of ―barista‖ 44 a degree of skill in making coffee. However, baristas in large coffee chains are usually trained through 45 qualifications. One part of these qualifications is to produce a cup of coffee to meet a(n) 46 standard. It might have to achieve a certain taste and appearance. This might seem perfectly reasonable, but there are two reasons why such an approach to training baristas does not 47 .First, the production of a cup of coffee to a certain standard is a binary (二次元的) 48 . The baristas can either produce a coffee of a certain standard or they cannot. If they happen to produce the best cup of coffee in the world, it does not matter, as competence-based training does not reward outstanding performance. 49 , producing the worst cup of coffee would be a fail in the same way as producing a cup just below the standard. In fact, competence is not interested in the process of producing a coffee at all—only the final binary outcome.Second, if the barista does produce a coffee to a certain 50 , competence is not interested in why the barista can do that. But humans are not machines that 51 produce binary outcomes. We have bodies and minds which 52 through learning.Yet we are increasingly forced to 53 competence in our schools and workplaces. We are not empty machines that simply produce binary outcomes. If we want to be true human in our learning and our workplaces, we need to be 54 and special. Learning and innovation involve failure in aiming for something that is unusually good. Such things simply cannot be 55 by the standard of competence where the mediocre(平凡的) is the gold standard.41. A.question B. predict C.measure D. confirm42. A. As a rule B. As a whole C. In other words D. In fact43. A. impression B. concept C. value D. development44. A. suggests B. assumes C. deserves D. inherits45. A. society-based B. self-based C. pleasure-basedD. competence-based46. A. minimum B. unique C. traditional D. international47. A. last B. work C. exist D. change48. A.challenge B. appearance C. outcome D. practice49. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. Likewise50. A. agreement B. extent C. standard D. description51. A. typically B. simply C. cheaply D. occasionally52. A. alter B. expand C. create D. exhaust53. A. handle B. classify C. transfer D. achieve54. A. common B. sociable C. creative D. mature55. A. judged B. achieved C. restored D. presented Keys: 41-45 C D B A D 46-50 A B C D C 51-55 B A D C AIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Concerns about the harm caused by ―too much‖ screen time—particularly when it is spent on social media—are widespread. But working out what a ―healthy‖____41___might be is far from easy.Some negative experiences on social media—like___42____how your appearance compares to others—do affect some children. However, this does not mean that technology use in ___43___is harmful and it is difficult to make claims about how it will affect different people.Consider the picture painted by a UNICEF review of existing research into the effects of digital technology on children’s ___44___ comforts, including happiness, mental health and sociallife. Rather than stating that social media was harmful, it suggested a more ____45_____effect.The UNICEF report highlighted a 2017 study that examined 120,000 UK 15-year-olds. Among those teenagers who were the lightest users, it was found that increasing the time spent using technology was linked to___46____ comfort—possibly because it was important for keeping up friendships. ___47____, among the heaviest users of technology, any increase in time was linked to lower levels of comfort. Overall, the UNICEF study suggested that some screen time could be good for children’s mental health.A broader look at evidence provided by some other high quality studies again suggests the story is not ___48___. An early study in 2013 looked at how the television and video game habits of 11,000 UK five-year-olds affected them two years later. It is one of few studies actually ___49___ the effects of technology over time. It suggested that, compared with children who watched one hour of television or less on a weekday, a small increase in conduct problems was seen among those who watched more than three hours each day. Playing electronic games, however, was not seen as leading to a greater ____50____ of friendship or emotional problems.So how much time should our children spend looking at screens? It is difficult to be ___51___ as different people spend time online in such different ways. A useful comparison might be with sugar. Broadly speaking, people___52_____ that too much sugar can be bad for your health. But the effect it might have can depend on many factors, from the type of sugar to the person and the amount. We would not___53____trust anyone who claims to predict how someone is affected by consuming one gram of sugar. The same could be said for ___54___ usage: the outcomes depend on so many factors that only very____55____predictions are possible.41.A. amount B. comparison C. experience D. medium42.A. accounting for B. boasting of C. commenting on D. worrying about43.A. general B. particular C. private D. public44.A. domestic B. material C. physical D. psychological45.A. complex B. dramatic C. harmless D. predictable46.A. improved B. maximum C. relative D. small47.A. As a rule B. In contrast C. On the whole D. Worse still48.A. convincing B. definite C. probable D. true49.A. estimating B. experiencing C. reducing D. tracing50. A. connection B. power C. promotion D. risk51. A. balanced B. independent C. precise D. subjective52. A. agree B. forget C. object D. remember53. A. equally B. readily C. reluctantly D. weakly54. A. emotion therapy B. social media C. TV broadcasting D. video game55. A. confident B. optimistic C. rough D. wildKeys: 41—45 ADADA 46—50 ABBDD 51—55 CABBCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Hailing from Sweden, ―plogging‖ is a fitness craze that sees participants pick up plastic litter while jogging - adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport.Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and (41)_______ over plastic levels in the ocean.The appeal of plogging is its (42)_______-- all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying (43)_______ to jogging, we can assume the health benefits are increased.Running and good causes have always gone (44)_______ - just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.Anything that’s getting people out in nature and connecting (45)_______ with their environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to (46)_______ our inland waterways of plastic pollution. ―There’s been a real (47)_______ in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting ho w disastrous the crisis is,‖ she says.We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through (48)_______ like plogging and Plastic Patrol.The Plastic Patrol app allows users to (49)_______ plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and (50)_______ to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. ―I’d urge all ploggers to get involved,‖ adds Carr.Plogging isn’t the first fitness tre nd to combine running with a good cause. Here are some of our favourites:Good GymIts idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.(51)_______ among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far, (52)_______, Good Gym is finding a solution.Guide RunningGuide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get (53)_______. By linking themselves together, the (54)_______ - impaired individual can feel safe while both work up a sweat.(55) _______ for the HomelessStart-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expense43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly46. A. accuse B. rid C. assure D. rob47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight48. A. motives B. performances C. exercises D. initiatives49. A. eliminate B. map C. seek D. degrade50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead53. A. excited B. ready C. active D. smart54. A. visually B. audibly C. visibly D. sensibly55. A. Running B. Plogging C. Driving D. Cycling Keys:41-45 CBDCA46-50 BADBD51-55 DCCADⅢ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Standards for Schools: Developing Organizational Accountability(绩效) Quality teaching depends on teachers'knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent c m focused on higher-order thinking and performance across subject areas and grades, time for teachers to work41with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their42.If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professional organizations, make evaluation and assessment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the43of each aspect of their work-a practice reinforced by their accreditation( if i) requirements,---schools must have such regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.As Richard Rothstein and his colleagues describe in Grading Education: Getting Accountability Right,school-level accountability can be supported by school _ 44, like those common in many other nations, in which trained experts evaluate schools by spending several days visiting classrooms,45 samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences,46looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cases, principals accompany the inspectors into classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able to make _47about the instructional and supervisory competence(能力)of principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuring the 48 and comparability of school-based assessments(as in Englandand Australia), as well as schools internal assessment and evaluation process(as in Hong Kong).I n most countries’ inspection systems, schools are rated on the quality of instruction and other services and supports, as well as students’49and progress in a wide range of aspects, including and going beyond academic subject areas, such as extra-curricular, personal and social_ 50, the acquisition of workplace skills and the51to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices and a 52 lifestyle. Schools are rated as to whether they pass inspection, need modest improvements, or require serious intervention(介入), and they receive extensive feedbackon what the inspections both saw and _53_. Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert 54 and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Those that persistently fail to pass may be placed under local government control and could be_ 55 if they are not improved.41. A. occasionally B. closely C. strictly D. peacefully42. A. challenges B. competence C. curriculum D. practices43. A. effectiveness B. faults C. progress D. requirements44. A. instruction B. protection C. inspection D. consideration45. A. taking B. improving C. examining D. copying46. A. as far as B. rather than C. other than D. as well as47. A. judgments B. decisions C. inquiries D. suggestions48. A. quantity B. quality C. instruction D. support49. A. education B. performance C. attention D. interest50. A. responsibility B. structure C. resources D. benefits51. A. frequency B. cons C. satisfaction D. extent52. A. comparable B. health C. different D. unique53. A. appreciated B. criticized C. recommended D. rewarded54. A. attention B. programs C. evaluation D. explanations55. A. set down B. put down C. closed down D. pulled downKeys:41-45 BDACC 46-50 DABBA 50-55 DBCACIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. __(41)__ regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving __(42)__.The greatest __(43)__ of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly __(44)__ small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to __(45)__ repeated behaviors into automatic habits. __(46)__, when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process. Today, after many repetitions, your brain can perform this sequence __(47)__. The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes.Mindless activity is the __(48)__ of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes __(49)__. Too often, we think we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In __(50)__, we are merely reinforcing(加强) our current habits — not improving them.Claiming that improvement requires attention and effort sounds logical enough. But what does deliberate practice actually look like in the real world?The first effective feedback system is __(51)__. This holds true for the number of pages we read, the number of pushups we do, the number of sales calls we make, and any other task that is important to us. It is only through measurement that we have any __(52)__ of whether we are getting better or worse.The second effective feedback system is coaching. One consistent finding across disciplines is that coaches are often essential for __(53)__ deliberate practice. In many cases, it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time. Good coaches can track your progress, find small ways to improve, and hold you __(54)__ to delivering your best effort each day.Deliberate practice is not a comfortable activity. It requires sustained effort and concentration, but if you can manage to maintain your focus and __(55)__, then the promise of deliberate practice is quite tempt ing: to get the most out of what you’ve got.41. A. Since B. Whether C. While D. As42. A. awareness B. performance C. enjoyment D. intelligence43. A. equivalent B. ambition C. challenge D. appeal44. A. overlook B. insert C. detect D. implement45. A. transport B. translate C. transplant D. transform46. A. For example B. On the contrary C. As a result D. On the other hand47. A. carelessly B. accurately C. instantly D. automatically48. A. outcome B. enemy C. source D. substitute49. A. distracted B. imposed C. assumed D. noted50. A. reality B. despair C. contrast D. return51. A. encouragement B. compliment C. measurement D. management52. A. motivation B. proof C. trouble D. concern53. A. resisting B. eliminating C. defining D. sustaining54. A. accountable B. opposed C. addicted D. parallel55. A. existence B. commitment C. dignity D. perspectiveKeys:41-45CBCAD 46-50 ADBCA 51-55 CBDABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since 1960, considerable scientific researches have been done on chimps in their natural habitats. Astonishingly, scientists have found out that the social 41 of Chimps are very similar to humans. Chimps will 42 in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect theirterritory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct to 43 one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly 44 to share food with their children. who are able from a young age to gather their own food?In the laboratory, chimps don't 45 share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no greater effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull 46 —he just doesn't care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.Human children, 47 , are extremely cooperative From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this48in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught, but naturally 49 in young children. One is that these 50 appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave 51 Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence 52 in children before their general cognitive skills, at least when compared with chimps In tests conducted by Tomasello, the human children did no better than the chimps on the 53 world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.The core of what children's minds have and chimps'don't is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality. Part of this ability is that they can 54 what others know or are thinking. But beyond that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a "we", a group that intends to work toward a(n) 55 goal.41. A structures B. policies C. behaviorsD. responsibilities42. A. conflict B cooperate C. offend D negotiate43. A. trust B. contact C. isolate D. help44. A. decline B. manage C. attempt D. oblige45. A. curiously B. reluctantly C. naturally D. carelessly46. A. in turn B. at random C. with care D in advance47. A. all in all B. as a result C. in no case D.ontheother hand48. A cooperativeness B. availability C. interrelationship D. attractiveness49. A. cultivated B. motivated C. possessed D. stimulated50. A. attitudes B. instincts C. experiences D. coincidences51. A. creatively B. formally C. socially D. competitively52. A. develops B. decreases C. changes D. disappears53. A. abstract B. invisible C. imaginary D. physical54. A. infer B. adapt C. absorb D. balance55. A. realistic B. shared C. specific D. ambitious Keys: 41-45 CBDAC 46-50 BDACB 51-55 CADABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard 41 : keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity? Do some kinds of personalities 42 longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by 43 the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing more 44 and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people, long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a(n) 45 life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: Those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough 46 to make it through tough times.Interestingly, 47 , other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, 48 , were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being 49 to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people whoare fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your 50 as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should 51 to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mothers personality may also help 52 your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28, 000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids 53 diets, Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn't destin(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health. Therefore, it might be 54 to form those personality traits contributing to longevity through health-related behaviours,stress reduction and 55 to the challenging problems.41. A. statements B. definitions C. applications D. explanations42. A. result from B. lead to C. rely on D. consist of43. A. assessing B. interviewing C. examining D. diagnosing44. A. active B. extensive C. persuasive D. sensitive45. A. agreeable B. normal C. changeable D. formal46. A. resources B. associations C. procedures D. interactions47. A. therefore B. however C. furthermore D. otherwise48. A. in other words B. as usual C. in addition D. for instance49. A. resistant B. open C. blind D. alert50. A. perspective B. ambition C. personality D. philosophy51. A. reject B. strive C. claim D. oppose52. A. extend B. restrict C. shorten D. determine53. A. unhealthy B. nutritious C. adequate D. moderate54. A. predictable B. advisable C. sustainable D. enjoyable55. A. temptation B. introduction C. adaptation D. objection KEYS: 41-45 DBCAB 46-50 ABDBC 51-55 BDABCEight【20182静安区】"Don't get sick in July."This is a common refrain in teaching hospitals. It's driven by the academic calendar: July is when the new interns —fresh out of medical school —start work.In other words, it's when everyone is most ____41_____. The theory is that this disadvantage leads to mistakes.So is medical experience good or bad?Well, in most cases, your doctor's experience is very helpful, allowing her to pick up on a(n) ____42_____ symptom early in a disease process, when machines still can’t take a hand. She can also determine the right treatment when your condition falls outside of what is in the ____43_____, where newbies get most of their ideas. For many medical treatments, there's a direct connection between physician experience and your treatment outcome.In a variety of situations, though, experience can backfire, The reason is simple ____44_____. Doctors are human too, and they ____45____ tricks to the mind —like believing that an ineffective treatment really works. In fact, entire fields of research are devoted to understanding why these errors of thought occur. They ____46____ from so-called cognitive prejudice that can mislead even ____47____practitioners into making the wrong decisions.Doctors are usually locked onto a diagnosis early and disregard new and ____48____ information. For example, a patient may be diagnosed with a quickly fatal cancer, but then ends up trying various herbal remedies and lives for 30 more years. Instead of analyzing the ___49___ diagnosis, the patient, and maybe even the doctor, may assume that the herbal remedies cured the cancer.Also, some experienced doctors tend to believe evidence when it supports their previous opinionwhile subconsciously ignoring information that opposing it. Let's say your doctor is pretty certain you have ill digestion and orders a test to ____50_____ the suspicion, which produces negative result. But she treats you for ill digestion anyway because she was ____51____with the prior diagnosis by experience.In fact, there are clearly many benefits to having a highly experienced doctor, such as technically proficiency. But there may actually be some unexpected benefits to having a less- experienced one too. She may have a more up-to-date education, boundless energy and perhaps is less vulnerable to biases, freed from the same ____52___ for years.To safeguard yourself as a patient, one thing you should always do is ____53____.It may not always be possible to determine that your doctor has met with an unconscious thinking _____54____. But asking questions does force your doctor to think and ____55___her decisionabout your care.41. A. innocent B. productive C. inexperienced D. prohibited42. A. slight B. objective C. complex D. sustainable43. A. media B. tradition C. reality D. textbook44. A. psychology B. education C. procedure D. priority45. A.take advantage of B. make sense of C. fall victim to D. play fire with46. A. spring B. depart C. benefit D. distinguish47. A. highly-motivated B. well-seasoned C. deeply-offended D. wide-eyed48. A. moderate B. visible C. conflicting D. permanent49. A. initial B. tough C.multiple D. private50. A. evaluate B. operate C. confirm D. revise51. A. preoccupied B. labelled C. associated D. revise52. A. professional circle B. thinking patternC..academic backgroundD. operating order53. A. investigating B. questioning C. monitoring D. observing54. A. obstacle B. trap C. horizon D. struggle55. A. practice B. accommodate C. justify D. removeKeys: 41-45: CADAC 46-50 ABCAC 51-55 ABBBCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Companies Doing the Most to Make Their Employees HappierFat paychecks, light workloads, and endless vacation days don’t necessarily add to happy。

青浦区2017学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷听力文字稿Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. M: Hurry up! I’m starving!W: Don’t worry. It’s Monday and there won’t be a queue.Q: Where are the speakers going? (D)2. W: When will the next bus leave for Beijing?M: You’ve just missed the ten-thirty bus by seven minutes, but don’t worry, buses leave for Beijing every thirty minutes.Q: When will the next bus leave for Beijing? (C)3. M: Hi, Jane, do you have some change? I need to make a call on the pay phone.W: Pay phone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are.Q: What will the man most probably do? （A）4. W: John has been trying for months to find a job, but I wonder how he could get one when he looks like that.M: Oh, that poor guy! He really should shave himself more often and put on something clean. Q: What do we learn about John? (C)5. W:Saturday’s concert is said to be wonderful.Aren’t you going?M:But I haven’t got a ticket yet.It’s so popular that I’m afraid the tickets are not available now. Q:What is the man concerned about? (B)6. M: Oh, what a morning! You know I had so much work to do and the sales phones just kept coming in.W: I know how it is. I get a lot of calls, too, even on weekends.Q: What are the two speakers doing? (A)7. M: Do you want to turn on the air-conditioner or open the window?W: I love fresh air if you don’t mind.Q: What can be inferred from the woman’s answer? (C)8. M: How are your piano lessons going?W: Very well. My teacher thinks I’m making progress. And I find lessons well worth the time andtrouble.Q: What does the woman think of her piano lessons? (D)9. M: Now, can we have a get-together sometime this week? I mean any day is fine.W: Sorry. This week’s out of the question. I’m buried under a heap of paperwork.Q: What does the woman mean? (A)10. W: I missed the psychology class this morning. Could I have a look at your notes?M: Kidding? You’ve never read my handwriting, have you?Q: What does the man imply? (B)Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Welcome to enter our “scientist at work” photo contest.Do you like taking pictures of your work in the field — tracking polar bears, for example, examining fossils? Or of what you see daily in the laboratory, perhaps under a microscope?If so, why not enter our second annual ScientistAtWork photo competition? Here’s how it works. Just send us your favorite picture and any questions to photocompetition@, or upload your image to Twitter or Instagram with the tag ScientistAtWork. All entries must reach us by the end of April. Attention: no more than one entry per person. The winning images will be chosen by an independent group of Nature editors and art staff.We will publish the five winning entries in the 26 May issue of Nature. Besides, winners will receive a year’s personal subscription to Nature, in print and online.We’re looking for images that tell an interesting story and reflect the variety of work that scientists do in an enthusiastic, creative way. Heavily edited images will not be considered, and photographs must be of high-enough quality to appear in print.Good luck, and we look forward to seeing your submissions.Now listen again, please.Questions11.What kind of images or photos is likely to be a winning entry? (D)12.Which of the following is not true according to the passage? (D)13.What is the purpose of this passage? (B)Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.11-time All-Star Chris Bosh hasn’t played since the 2015-2016 season due to blood issues. He hopes to come back and gives “one more shot” at playing at NBA recently.“I train regularly and still have plenty to offer for a team. My condition should not hold me back,” Bosh said. “I’m going to give playing one more shot. That’s all it is — a shot,” added Bosh.This was not the first time Bosh expressed his desire to return to the NBA. In November, Bosh said he planned to “keep his options open as a player moving forward”. Earlier this year, he said he hoped to sign with a team for the 2018 postseason.Bosh appeared in 44 games in 2014-2015, his season ending at the All-Star break when he first knew about his blood issues. A year later, he played in 53 games and his season again ended at All-Star weekend, when the issue became more serious shortly after he landed in Toronto for the 2016 NBA All-Star Game.Overall, he averaged 19.2 points and 8.5 rebounds in his career. He last played in NBA on Feb. 9, 2016 as a member of the Heat.Now listen again, please.Questions:14. Why didn’t Bosh play basketball in 2015-2016 season? (D)15. How many points did Bosh obtain on average in his basketball career? (B)16. What is the passage mainly talking about? (C)Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.W: Tom, you will be graduating soon, and what are your future plans? What kind of job do you want?M: Right now, actually, I’m trying to get into Air Canada as an international pilot.W: Oh, you want to be a pilot.M: Yeah, actually, I’ve already got a private pilot’s license and, well ...W: You can fly a plane?M: I can, but only a single engine plane.W: So, why do you like flying?M: Well, basically my father was a pilot and I just got interested in that through him.W: Oh, that’s cool. So how do you bec ome a pilot? Like what do you have to do?M: There’re different ways of becoming a pilot. First, you can pay for it by yourself. You have to attend school to gain your commercial license and then you can apply to an airline company. Or, you can go directl y into an airline company, and they will train you and it’s all paid for.W: Right.M: It is a really good deal, yeah, and another way is to get a private pilot’s license first, and try to get in a company and then they’ll train you the rest of the way an d usually you get a higher salary. W: So what way are you doing it?M: Well, since I’ve already got my private pilot’s license I’m going to try and get in pretty much half way through it, so I won’t need as much training. I’ll probably get a better salary.W: Well, good luck. I hope it works out.M: I do, too.Now listen again, please.Questions:17. What can be learned about Tom? (B)18. Where does the man get his interest in flying? (B)19. How can a person get a pilot’s license without paying any money? (C)20. What special qualifications does the man have? (D)That’s the end of listening comprehension. 听力部分到此结束。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757, he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822, and Caroline on September 1st,1848.Herschel’s first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axialrotation (绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781, when on March 13th, he discovered the planet Uranus (天王星) while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax (恒星视差). This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum, in honor of the then ruling English king George III. The trick worked once again, as King George III gave William and Caroline the titles of ―The King’s Astronomer‖ and ―Assistant to the King’s Astronomer‖, an honor which came with a life’s pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to S lough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite s uccessful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspot, an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800, he became interested in the solar spectrum (太阳光谱), and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared(红外线). In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.56.Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by __________.A. discovering the planet UranusB. determining stellar parallaxC. discovering two moons of UranusD. uncovering the evidence for the infrared57. It can be inferred from the passage that George III __________.A. liked science and technologyB. liked Herschel’s naming of the new planetC. was interested in astronomyD. gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions58. What do we know about Caroline from the passage?A. She was successful in music.B. She was titled ―The King’s Astronomer‖.C. She died later than her brother.D. She published two papers.59. This passage mainly tells readers .A. some information about Herschel and his sisterB. how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet UranusC. Herschel and Caroline got along well with each otherD. Herschel and Caroline’s major scientific publicationsKeys: 56-59: A B C ASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty;in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there. I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world-and walk where no man has before.Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage ofdiscovery up his native river.This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas's library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally my thoughts comes to the idea of making a voyage of discovery.Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine,and sciences of practical importance for a seagoing adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path.56.What does the author think of the Pole?A.It reminds him of his childhood.B. It must be a region full of surprises.C. It would fulfil his dream to be an adventurer.D. It's too cold a destination with almost nothing.57. To realize his childhood dream, the author got _______.A. physically prepared by experiencing great sufferingB. spiritually prepared by gaining captain's recognitionC. academically prepared by reading books on explorationD. financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship.58. According to the passage, the author is definitely a person full of _______.A. curiosityB. fancyC. perseveranceD.prideKeys:56-58: CACSection CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking’s third academic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties(定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’s life insurance.58. The underlined word ―thumbed‖ is closest in meaning to _______.A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in _______.A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD. creating the rocketing sales of a technical bookKeys:56-59 CADCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Warning from ExpertsA growing amount of human- made orbital debris(太空轨道残骸)---from rocket stages and out-of-date satellites---- is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as space junk, poses an increasing threat to space activities. ―This is a growing environmental problem,‖said Nicholas Johnson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating past and future amounts of space junk. The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellite launches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth will steady through 2055, after which it will increase. While current efforts have focused on limiting future space junk, these scientists say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary.Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than tencentimeters in diameter orbiting the Earth. ―Of the 13,000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,‖ Johnson said. In addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. These include everything from pieces of plastic to bits of paint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are sections of a rocket that have their own fuel or engines.These objects travel at speeds over 35,000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by causing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from sending up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lasers to slow an objects orbit to cause it to fall back to Earth more quickly. Given current technology, those proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical, ―Space j unk is like any environmental problem,‖ Johnson admits. ―I t’s growing. If you don’t deal with it now, it will only become worse, and the solutions in the future are going to be even more costly.‖56. What is this passage mainly talking about?A. Advanced technology is used to remove space junk.B. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem.C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly needed.D. Human activities generate much orbital debris.57. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launches.B. Space junk is endangering human beings' space activities.C.It's necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junk.D. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft58. What does John think of the previous proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth?A. Reasonable.B. Unbelievable.C. Reliable.D. Impractical.Keys:56-58 CADSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Have you ever had the experience of talking to someoneand you think they are lying?Well, you are not alone. We’veall had that feeling. But did you know that there are severalthings you can look for to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body. When people are lying they tend not to move their arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don’t want to be no ticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people wholie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are tellingthe truth.Liars also use deflection. For example, if you ask a liar the question ―Did you steal Fatima’s bag?‖, they may answer with something like ―Fatima is my friend. Why would Ido that?‖ In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answeringthe question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try to over-explain things. They do this because they want to convinceyou of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. Ifyou think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will appear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change the subject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve boughtthe story. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which initself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying.They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to usesome of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.56. By saying ―Liars also use deflection‖, the writer means that liars may __________.A. tell great storiesB. change tone of voiceC. ask a question in replyD. avoid direct answers57. According to the passage, a person could be lying if he or she ____________.A. offers more information than necessaryB. appears to be shy or nervousC. changes the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely58. Whichof the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.59. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liarsKeys:56-59 DADCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AIf a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氦)dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles accumulate(累积) In a joint,, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs(鱼龙).That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本)showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly-and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr. Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (掠食性动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey (猎物)as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.56. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A. A twisted bodyB. A gradual decrease in blood supply.C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D. A drop in blood pressure57. The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see___.A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompressionC. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones58. Rothschild's finding stated in Paragraph 4_____.A. confirmed his assumptionB. speeded up his research processC. disagreed with his assumptionD. changed his research objectives59. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs_______.A. failed to evolve an anti-decompression meansB. gradually developed measures against the bendsC. died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD. evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost itKeys: 56-59 ABCASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr.Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate mealincluding his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read: "Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.Keys: 56-59 BCDDSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)Last October, I was on a diving holid ay in the Philippines with with seven other advanced divers. I dived off the boat, slowly sinking to about 20m.After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine, and I felt deep, powerful vibrations(震动), as if a big boat with a propeller was passing overhead. The dive instructor's eyes were wide with confusion too. We both swam next to each other, staying close to the side of the reef(礁石). The situation felt sinister.Then we were enveloped by clouds of white sand that mushroomed up around us, Could it be an underwater bomb? A giant turtle raced past us and into the deep; they are normally slow movers, so this was very weird behaviour. The vibration became so intense that I could feel it in my bones, and the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly, a few meters below us, breaks began forming and the sand was sucked down. That's when I realized it was an earthquake. The noise was the sound of the Earth splintering open and grinding against itself.The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other's eyes; I felt comforted by his presence. I was numb(麻木的)for terror but clear-headed. My body went on high alert, ready to react. But I have no power over whatever this is. The only option is to stay very still and let it do whatever it's going to do.It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which is not sensible as situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending. Soon we saw other divers.The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes and when they stopped I heard the swoosh of sand falling over the seabed. We all held hands before resurfacing to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up,It was a huge relief to see all the divers and we all shared incredulous looksbefore pulling out our breathing apparatus and shouting, "What was that?"Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and discovered we had witnessed a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than 30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at at the epicentre(震中). I was high and felt lucky surprisingly not because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening.56. How did the author realize that they met with an earthquake?A. By feeling the violent shake under the sea.B. By witnessing a normally-slow turtle quickly moving by.C. By seeing the seafloor crack.D. By checking the news and be informed of the event.57. Why didn’t the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped?A. Because the instructor gestured him not to rise.B. Because he was numb in body.C. Because he could sense the unclear water situation.D. Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration.B. All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration.C. I felt relieved as the instructor was experience in handling situations like this.D. Powerless to fight nature, I was tame when under the water.59. Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat?A. Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake.B. Because he finally survived a huge earthquake.C. Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon.D. Because he didn’t suffer from decompression sickness.Keys: 56-59 CCDCSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In the world of higher education in the United States, competition seems more common than schools working together. Every college and university competes for students, as well as the best teachers and money for research programs.But one thing almost every school has in common is the difficulty they face in serving low-income students. The National Center for Education Statistics reports that low-income college students are less likely to complete their study programs than other students.It was only natural that the leaders of Michigan State University and ten other universities discussed this issue when they met in 2014. The 11 schools are spread across the United Sates and serve different populations and needs. But their leaders all saw improving graduation rates for all students as the biggest problem facing American higher education.So the group created an organization called the University Innovation Alliance or UIA for sharing information related to this problem. Its main goal is to get 68,000 more students at the member schools to graduate by 2025, with at least half of those studentsbeing low-income. The 11 schools now say their number of graduates has increased by over 7,200 in just three years. This includes an almost 25 percent increase in the number of low-income graduates.How were they able to make this happen? It began with each university looking at its own situation and finding out what it had been doing right and what it had been doing wrong.For example, before joining the UIA, academic advising at Michigan State mostly involved reacting to problems students faced after the problems had already arisen. Then school officials heard about a computer program that fellow UIA member Georgia State University was using. This computer program follows decisions students make about their classes and the progress they are making in their studies. It then sends academic advisors messages whenever a student shows signs that they are making mistakes or facingdifficulties. Hat way the advisors can try to help students before the problems become too serious. Michigan State began using the computer program and it has meant a world of difference.Michigan States has not only received useful。

青浦区2017 学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷2018.04（时间120 分钟，满分140 分）考生注意：1．本试卷共13 页。

满分140 分。

考试时间120 分钟。

2．答题前，考生务必在答题卡（纸）上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。

3．答案必须全部涂写在答题卡（纸）上。

如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. To the bank. B. To the museum. C. To the clinic. D. To the restaurant.2. A. 10:07. B. 10:30. C. 11:00. D. 11:07.3. A. Use the woman’s phone. B. Pay for the phone call.C. Get some change from Jane.D. Go and look for a pay phone.4. A. He likes to wear clean clothes.B. He changes his job frequently.C. He is careless about his appearance.D. He is ashamed of his present condition.5. A. Whether he has time on Saturday.B. Whether he can get access to the concert.C. Whether the tickets will be too expensive.D. Whether the woman is available on Saturday.6. A. They are complaining. B. They are bargaining.C. They are negotiating.D. They are arguing.7. A. The window smells of fresh paint. B. The man will clean the air-conditioner.C. Sh e’d like to have the window open.D. She prefers keeping the air-conditioner on.C. She has some paper to bury.D. She questions the man’s purpose.10. A. His notebook is missing.B. His handwriting is difficult to read.C. He wasn’t in class this morning either.D. He’s already lent his notes to someone else.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Photos of polar bears.B. Photos heavily edited.C. Photos of fine quality to appear in print.D. Photos reflecting scientist s’ working life.12. A. A year’s personal subscription to Nature is another award to winners.B. Photos can be uploaded to Twitter with the tag ScientistAtW ork.C. Five winning photos will be published in one issue of Nature.D.All entries have to be sent to photocompetition@.13. A. To encourage people to work with scientists.B. To attract people to participate in a contest.C. To increase the sales of the magazine.D. To teach people how to take pictures.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Because no team invited him to play. B. Because he stopped training for a while.C. Because he appeared to be too tired.D. Because he suffered from a disease.15. A. 8.5. B. 19.2. C. 44. D. 53.16. A. Bosh’s great basketball career in NBA.B. The regular training Bosh took in NBA.C. Bosh’s repeated desire to return to NBA.D. The reason why Bosh couldn’t play at NBA.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18. A. From his friends. B. From his father.C. From his training.D. From his university.19. A. By attending special schools.B. By getting a private license first.C. By getting into an airline company first.D. By passing a test for commercial license.20. A. His flying hours in total. B. His interview performance.C. His university degrees.D. His private pilot license.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The kindness of Kiwi Lotto (乐透彩票) winnersWe’ve all dreamed of winning the Lotto but what actually happens when our numbers come up? The answer is rather heart-warming. New research out today from Lotto New Zealand reveals three-quarters of Powerball winners think of sharing (21) spending.One lucky Powerball winner from Tauranga was even thinking of others before his numbers came up. “A week before I won Lotto, I saw an ambulance (22) side bore the name of the donor, and I thought, ‘i f I ever win Lotto, that’s what I will do’ and then 10 day s’ later I w on,” he said. Having won $5.5 million dollars, he’s now spending a part of the money on two ambulances for his local hospital. “The y’r e going to say ‘(23) (donate) by a Lotto winner’ on the side. I hope that it will inspire others to pay it forward if they ever find (24) in a fortunate position like I have.”“My life (25) (save) many years ago by a St John ambulance and it’s a marvellous feeling repaying back that kindness.” It was this kind of behaviour (26) led to Lotto NZ’s inspiring true story of a Kiwi man who won $15 million and, honouring a promise made long ago, went halves with his mate.2017 was the (27) (lucky) year on record for Powerball winners. “Last year, there were 19 different Powerball winners — (28) most of them had in common was the desire to share their good fort une.” said Emilia Mazur, General Manager Corporate Communications.“Another Tauranga man won $10 million with Powerball in July and once he got over the shock of winning, his first thought was his community and he has since shared some of his winnings to upgrade its facilities.”Group players are natural sharers —not only (29) they share the winnings among themselves but they also then want to help out others.“E veryone is just so happy, it’s created an amazing sense of freedom.” s aid one of the group leaders Tina. “For me personally, (30) (know) how much of a significant difference you have made to your family and your circle of friends, I have a feeling that I have never experienced. It’s anunquantifiable feeling — it’s magi c.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Swiss village bans tourists from taking photos because it’s too beautiful Located in the Swiss Alps, near the famous resort of St. Moritz, the commune of Bergün is one of the most beautiful mountain villages in Europe. So beautiful, in fact, that photos of it shared on social media may make people feel depressed that they can’t visit, so local authorities banned tourists from taking photos.It may sound like a joke, but it’s actually a new law adopted by the Bergün village council and31 by its mayor. To discourage visitors from taking photos in Bergün, they plan to 32 a symboli c €5 fine for those caught breaking the new rules.According to a statement by the Bergün tourism authority, “It is scientifically proven that beautiful holiday photos on social media make the viewers unhappy because they cannot be there themselves.”However, it seems unlikely that Bergün’s new law was really thought of as a way to 33 Facebook or Instagram users of the depressing experience of seeing the beauty of the village. As the news went 34 online, many assumed that it was actually a clever marketing 35 , a theory that was at least partially confirmed by the village’s director of tourism, Marc-Andrea Barandun.“In the background of course the idea is that everyone is talking about Ber gün,”he told The Local. “So it’s a combination of both — we made the law and also there’s some marketing aim behind it.”To show that they were serious about the law, Bergün authorities 36 photos of the village from its Facebook and Twitter accounts, and declared their intention to delete them from the Bergün website too.If the new law was just a 37 strategy, it actually worked wonders, as people started 38 more photos of the beautiful mountain village soon after news of the photo ban started making news headlines.A few days ago, Mayor Nicolay 39 the debatable photo ban in a video, where he offered people visiting Bergün a special 40 to take photos. He reminded them to think twice before sharing the pictures online, though, as they could be making their friends depressed.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A cli ché is a phrase that has been used so many times that it comes out of the mouth or the computer without stirring up a wave in the mind of the speaker, the typist, the listener or the reader. The word was part of the technical term of the French printing trade in the 19th century, the name for a plate used in the printing process, and it is still used with that meaning in English and other languages. By the middle of the same century, the word was being used in French, shortly followed by English, as a simile (比喻) for 41__ used expressions.Clichés can be 42 according to whether they were originally idioms, similes and proverbs, expressions from trades or 43 phrases.Many idioms have been so universally overused that they have been 44__ — phrases like far and wide, by leaps and bounds or safe and sound. Our second category could be similes and proverbs that now fall off the 45__ with little meaning, similes like as cool as a cucumber, which 46 around 400 years.A large category is 47 from the terms of trades and professions, sports and games, and other national concerns. Many are 48 clichés, as is fitting for the British, as an island nation, with examples like to leave a sinking ship, to know the ropes, to stick to one’s guns.Our last broad category of cli ché might be phrases which were __49__ when they were first coined, but have become ineffective through constant use. When a football manager, asked how he felt about the __50 of his team, said that he was as sick as a parrot. Since then, it has been so overused that it has lost its 51 . To explore every avenue and to leave no stone unturned are two political clichés of this class. No politician with any sensitivity for language could use either of those phrases 52 , yet you hear them still, all the time.No doubt we could specify the classes of clichés into further subdivisions until the cows come home. But there is no need to. We all agree that clichés are to be 53 by careful writers and speakers at all times, don’t we? Well, actually, no, not I. Life, and language, are so full of clichés that silence will hold the position if you 54 us the use of cliché. So many millions of people have spoken and written clichés so 55__ that it is almost impossible to find ideas and phrases that have not been used many times before.41. A. occasionally B. frequently C. technically D. grammatically42. A. confirmed B. quoted C. inferred D. classified43. A. invented B. customized C. recognized D. underlined44. A. highlighted B. tailored C. weakened D. enriched45. A. nose B. eyes C. lips D. forehead46. A. dates back B. catches on C. takes shape D. gives out47. A. detected B. drawn C. excluded D. initiated48. A. remote B. temperate C. urban D. oceanic49. A. boring B. striking C. entertaining D. annoying53. A. adjusted B. adapted C. adopted D. avoided54. A. deny B. allow C. forbid D. promise55. A. casually B. decently C. reluctantly D. ceaselesslySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Free to SoarOne windy spring day, I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites. Multicolored creations of varying shapes and sizes filled the skies like beautiful birds racing and dancing. As the strong winds blew against the kites, a string kept them in check.Instead of blowing away with the wind, they arose against it to achieve great heights. They shook and pulled, but the string and the tail kept them attached, facing upward and against the wind. The kites struggled and kept being dragged behind, facing upward and against the wind. As the kites struggled and trembled against the string, they seemed to say, “Let me go! Let me go! I want to be free!” They soared beautifully even as they fought the restriction of the string. Finally, one of the kites succeeded in breaking loose. “Free at last,” it seemed to say. “Free to fly with the wi nd.”Yet freedom from restriction simply put it at the mercy of a cruel breeze. It flew ungracefully to the ground and landed in a messed mass of weeds and string against a dead bush. “Free at last”, free to lie powerless in the dirt, to be blown helplessly along the ground, and to stop lifeless against the first obstruction.How much like kites we sometimes are. The heaven gives us misfortune and limitations, rules to follow from which we can grow and gain strength. Restriction is a necessary companion to the winds of opposition. Some of us resist the rules so hard that we never soar to reach the heights we might have obtained. We keep part of the order and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground.Let us each rise to the great heights, recognizing that some of the restrictions that we may be annoyed at are actually the steadying force that helps us improve and achieve.56. According to paragraph 2, “Let me go!” is said by .A. the kiteB. the windC. the birdD. the flyer57. Which of the following words has the meaning closest to the underlined word “ob structi on”in paragraph 3?A. destructionB. miracleC. observationD. obstacle58. According to the writer, in what way is man similar to kites?A. Man will never reach the desirable height unless he breaks some rules.B. Man can be empowered by difficulties to go further and higher.C. Man desires freedom but only a few will succeed.D. Man is limited by his surroundings.59. By telling the story of kite flying, the writer wants to share the lesson that .A. rules are made to be brokenB. flying a kite involves skills and patienceC. sometimes difficulties can be potential blessingsD. it’s no use complaining about the difficulties we encounter(B)Products▼Tel:(855)776-7763 Get a Demo Login Sign Up Free ProProfsTour Pricing Solutions Integrations Blog Clients Examples Help KnowledgebaseKnowledge Base Software That Answers Questions Instantly Create help sites, knowledge bases, user guides, manuals, wikis & moreA. users of ProProfs can read the manuals on their mobile phonesB. the service that ProProfs offers to its users is accessible around the clockC. with ProProfs, users can readjust the size of their documentation to their screensD. different users can be grouped together on a central platform to share knowledge62. How does the software ProProfs tighten its security?A. By authorizing different users.B. By creating a central platform.C. By offering single sign-on settings.D. By building private knowledge bases.(C)The largest-ever study of the link between city walkability and high blood pressure has been held up as evidence of the “invisible value of urban desi gn”in improving long-term health outcomes, say researchers.The study of around 430,000 people aged between 38 and 73 and living in 22 UK cities found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents.The outcomes remained consistent even after adjustments for socio-demographic (社会人口统计学), lifestyle and changing physical environment factors, though the protective effects were particularly pronounced among participants aged between 50 and 60, women, and those residing in higher density and poor neighborhoods.The paper was published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health this week. With high blood pressure a major risk factor for chronic (慢性的) and particularly heart diseases, researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Oxford University said the findings demonstrated the need to take notice of the health-influencing factor in urban design.“With the increasing pace of urbanization and demographic shifts towards an ageing population, we become more likely to suffer from chronic diseases,” said Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, an assistant professor at the Healthy High Density Cities Lab of the University of Hong Kong and lead author of the study. “The action taken to improve public health must consider the invisible value of urban planning and design.“We are spending billions of pounds in preventing and curing heart diseases —if we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable, then probably, we will have significant savings in future healthcare expense s.”To measure a neighborhood’s activity-promoting potential, researchers developed a set of index of walkability containing relevant urban elements, including residential and retail (零售) density, public transport, street-level movement, and distance to attractive destinations.Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles oflong time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health.Because walkability was “based on the underlying design of the city”,said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. “Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains as they are enduring and comm on.”63. By considering “invisible value of urban desig n”, people can .A. reduce the ageing populationB. slow down the pace of urbanizationC. promote activity-friendly and walkable citiesD. invest in preventing and curing heart diseases64. What can be inferred from the passage?A. A set of index is essential to ensure that urban design promotes walkability.B.Walkable cities can lower blood pressure and the risk of high blood pressure.C. Chronic diseases are becoming common due to people’s neglect of their health.D. Middle-aged women living in poor areas are less likely to benefit from increased walkability.65. All of the following are the undesirable consequences of poorly-designed neighborhoods EXCEPT.A. failing healthB. unhealthy lifestyleC. fewer social interactionsD. fewer neighborhoods66. According to Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, .A. cities should encourage the residents to engage in social interactionsB. the design of our neighborhoods should meet people’s needs for retail densityC. money invested in creating healthy cities is money saved in future healthcare expensesD. chronic diseases will be common because of our lifestyle and the physical environmentSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. I truly express my respect for Shan and his team for their contributions.B. With regard to cultural heritage restoration, Shan said the museum opened a restoration hospital atthe end of 2016.C. A total of 600 people from all walks of life, including over 100 foreign guests, participated in the activity.D. I will learn more about Chinese culture from the magnificent ancient objects.E. Our design teams often study consumer demands and create cultural items that are nice to look at and practical to use.F. Traditional craftsmanship is combined with modern methods, and the lives of ancient cultural objects will be lengthened by the so-called doctors.Make traditional treasures come aliveThe Palace Museum Director Shan Jixiang delivered a cultural heritage speech on Feb 27 in Beijing, which was co-organized by the Beijing Diplomatic Service Bureau and Beijing Housing Service Corporation for Diplomatic Missions. 67On the theme The World of the Palace Museum and the Palace Museum of the World, the 64-year-old director shared his ideas about how to make traditional treasures come alive again. During the speech, which lasted two and a half hours, Shan touched on topics including upgrading museum infrastructure（基础设施）, restoring cultural sites, digitalizing online museums, setting up restoration hospitals, providing better visitor experiences and promoting the Palace Museum’s cultural items.“The abundant collection of cultural objects at the Palace Museum is the inspiration for the creative souvenirs and cultural items availabl e,” Shan said. “68 ” Throughout 2017, the total sales of Palace Museum’s cultural items have been more than 1 billion yuan ($158million). Explaining the huge success of Palace Museum’s cultural souvenirs, Shan said: “The museum opened a shop on the e-commerce website Taobao in 2008, but sales remained neither high nor low for years, as more than 80 percent of the souvenirs sold in stores in the past were not related to our museum.”“Ther efore, I wanted to change the situation. Now, souvenirs from the Palace Museum cover almost every aspect of life. After all, what matters to a museum is not how many visitors they have, but how close they are to people’s daily lives.”69 Around 200 “doc tor s”are employed to analyze, examine, detect flaws or damage inancient objects and restore them using more than 100 pieces of specialized equipment, including 3-D printers and scanners. The restoration hospital covers 13,000 square meters and boasts the nation’s most advanced restoration workshops.John Aquilina, Malta’s ambassador to China said that Shan’s speech showed a totally different Palace Museum to foreign people. “China enjoys a long and profound culture and many of the national treasures have been preserved at the Palace Museum. It is no easy task to preserve them well. 70 ”IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Ban the Bag!Standing in line at the grocery store last week, I watched the woman in front of me buy a tube of toothpaste. As the clerk placed her purchase in a plastic bag, I couldn’t help wondering how long it would take for that bag to end up in the trash. Then I noticed the big purse the woman was carrying and wondered why she had needed a plastic bag at all.People have come to rely on plastic bags as everything from shopping bags for groceries to trash-can bags. Although plastic bags can be recycled, only about one percent of those used in the United States are. Instead, after helping people transport items from one place to another, most are thrown away. They end up in landfills, where it can take a plastic bag up to a thousand years to decay. Some bags end up elsewhere in the environment, sticking to trees and fences, blocking rivers and oceans, or floating along city sidewalks.Plastic bags harm the environment in several ways. First, they break down into particles that pollute our soil and water. Because most plastic bags are made of polyethylene, a product derived from crude oil (原油) or natural gas, they waste nonrenewable resources. Plastic bags can also harm animals. Scientists estimate that more than one million sea animals, including whales, seabirds, and turtles, die each year from intaking or becoming stranded in plastic.People all over the world are starting to recognize the problems associated with plastic bags. Countries such as China, South Africa, Switzerland, and Uganda are taking action and banning the bags. Other nations, including Italy and Ireland, have been trying to restrict the use of plastic bags by taxing them. In the United States more and more communities are ridding themselves of plastic bags. Now more and more people are also purchasing inexpensive, reusable bags and using them when they shop. If we all take this simple step, we can be a part of a “g ree n” revolution.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72．全世界掀起了一股学中文的潮流。

普陀区2018学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷(时间120分钟，满分140分)考生注意：I.本试卷共12页。

满分140分。

考试时间120分钟。

2.答题前，考生务必在答题卡(纸)上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。

3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。

第1-20小题，第31-70小题，均由机器阅卷，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。

答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。

第21-30小题，第IV, V大题(即第72-75小题)和VI大题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题或写在试卷上也一律不给分。

I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Wildlife in DeclineThe populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2018 published by the World Wildlife Fund.Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. ‚Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,‛ the report says.‚Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International.The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2018 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time.Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do seeparticularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.‛The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing.(29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. ‚One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,‛ said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. ‚On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.‛Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.My job puts me in contact with extraordinary leaders in many fields. So I tend to ____31____ a lot on leadership and how we can inspire successful teamwork, cooperation, and partnerships. In my experience, it is clear that the most successful leaders—both men and women—always demonstrate three ____32____ traits.TrustworthinessLeaders must set an example of honesty and justice and earn the trust of their teams through their everyday actions. When you do so with positive energy and enthusiasm for ____33____ goals and purpose, you can deeply connect with your team and customers. A culture of trust enables you to empower employees and ____34____ the foundation for communication, accountability, and continuous improvement.Compassion (共情)You can't forget that organizational success ____35____ from the hearts and minds of the men and women you lead. Rather than treating your people as you’d like to be treated, treat them as they would like to be treated. Small gestures like choosing face-to-face meetings or sending personal ____36____ can have an enormous impact on the spirits of the teams. In addition to thanks and praise, you must also understand people’s needs, pressures, and individual goals, which will allow you to lead them more effectively and ____37____ to their personal ambitions and professional development.DecisivenessIn times of ____38____ employees long for clarity. As a leader, you won't always have all of the answers—no one expects you to—so you must be open to listening and learning from others. Once you understand a particular challenge and ____39____the options, you have to be confident in making bold and optimistic decisions.Successful leadership demands a lifelong commitment to sharpening these three basic skills. Wherever you have the opportunity to ____40____, the qualities of trustworthiness, compassion, and decisiveness are the keys to leadership and organizational success.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently ____41____ boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are ____42____ as big heroes.It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it ____43____ because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can t ____44____ the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a t ____45____ themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggressionIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently _________boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are _______as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it _______because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can _______ the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a ______ themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their _______in their everyday lives . Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .However , there is a ______side to boxing . It can be a very dangerous sport . Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers ______have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with ________consequences . Boxers have suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the__________. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing , in the form of serious brain _______,even if a boxer has never been knocked out .I am personally not at all in ______of aggressive sports like boxing . I think it would be better if less time was _______to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomedmore men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like _______sports , and so do I , but I think that ______other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.41. A. broadcast B. cover C. host D. design42. A. kept B. individual C. thought D. treated43. A. appealing B. subjective C. violent D. challenging44. A. pick up B. believe in C. identify with D. long for45. A. winner B. spectator C. inspector D. trainer46. A. ambition B. aggression C. energy D. strength47. A. positive B. indifferent C. deadly D. negative48. A. otherwise B. somehow C. even D. barely49. A. dramatic B. eye-catching C. emotional D. special50. A. court B. ring C. pitch D. yard51. A. loss B. drain C. damage D. disorder52. A. favour B. process C. charge D. power53. A. shifted B. transformed C. given D. delivered54. A. competitive B. quiet C. cooperative D. regular55. A. invading B. insulting C. teasing D. hittingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)FrankensteinFrankenstein was a book by Mary Shelly ----it’s been adapted for the screen dozens of times. The story of Frankenstein is told through a series of letters written by Captain Robert Walton to his sister , as he leads an expedition （长征）to the North Pole . On the way , he meets Victor Frankenstein , who tells Walton the story of his life. Frankenstein is the surname of the guy who creates the monster . The monster doesn’t actually have a game . Anyway , Victor is a scientist who’s desperate to discover the secret of life . After years of study , he makes an enormous creature out of human remains and brings it to life . Victor intends it to be beautiful . Unfortunately , the creature turns out really hideous , and Victor runs away in terror . Although the monster is good and kind , humans are scared of it . When they mistreat it , the monster becomes angry and evil . Wanting revenge on itscreator , the monster murders Dr. Frankenstein’s brother , his wife , and his best friend . When Victor figures out the monster is behind all the deaths , he swears to track it down and kill it .This book was written in 1816, right after a period called the Enlightenment . The Enlightenment emphasized the pursuit of knowledge and reason , and gave rise to the scientific method . Mary Shelley criticized the Enlightenment through the character of Victor Frankenstein , ‚ He is a negative example of an Enlightenment scientist -------he pursues knowledge at any cost , and his obsession with discovering the secret of life destroys him , as well as his friends and family .‛Some Enlightenment thinkers might have seen such a loss as necessary for the advancement of science , but not Mary Shelley . She and her husband , poet Percy Shelly , were part of the Romanic Movement in art and literature . Romancism was a reacrion against the Enlightenment’s embrace of rationality and reason . The Romantics emphasized emotion over rationality , and thought people should feel awe and terror in regard to nature . Frankenstein incorporates all these ideas. To Shelley , Frankenstein doesn’t fear and respect the world of nature enough ------she says that by tempering with nature , he brings about complete disaster . Frankenstein is not just a great Romantic novel . It’s also co nsidered one of the first major works of science fiction . It influences a whole generation of writers , and the monster has become one of the most recognizable figures in Western culture.56. Which of the following is closest in the meaning to ‘hideous’ in Paragraph 1?A. UnattractiveB. EngagingC. CharmingD. Handsome57. What is Victor Frankenstein’s fatal weakness?A. His love of scienceB. His rejection of his own creationC. His lack of respect for natureD. His inability to form human relationship58. How was the Romantic era different from the Enlightenment ?A. The Romantic era emphasized emotion ; the Enlightenment emphasized reason .B. The Romantic era occurred during the 20th century ; the Enlightenment occurred during the 19th century .C. The Romantic era emphasized poetry ; the Enlightenment emphasized prose .D. The Romantic era saw major scientific discoveries ; the Enlightenment was an era of literary discovery .59. What effect did ‚ F rankenstein‛ have on later works of fiction ?A. It inspired books about the EnlightenmentB. It inspired technical writingC. It inspired books of poetryD. It inspired science-fiction writing60. If you are a 22-year-old nurse , you can apply for the railcard without ________.A. the signature of your director B $ 28c. application form D. passport-sized photos61. The 1/3 OFF discount may not apply for the railcard holders who travel at _______.A. 11 pm on Sunday in AugustB. 7. am on Tuesday in FebruaryC. 7 am on Monday in JulyD. 11 pm on Friday in March62. Which of the following is True according to the leaflet ?A. If you railcard doesn’t have your name signed , it will be used by someoneelse.B. The benefits of a railcard are transferable to your friend of your age .C. If you have no ticket but have boarded a train , you will still be eligible for a discounted ticketD. If railcard holders wish to use the Eurostar network , they must pay the full fare.The ‘ Ph one Stack(堆)’GameWhenever Michael Carl , the fashion market director at Vanity Fair , goes out to dinner with friends , he plays something, called the ‚ phone stack‛ game : Everyone places their phones in the middle of the table ; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives picks up the bill . As smartphones continue to burrow(钻入) their way into our lives , and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to eat into our person space even further , overburdened users are carving out their own device-free zones with special tricks and life hacks .‚Disconnecting is a luxury that we all need ,‛ Lesley M. M. Blume , a New York writer keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home .‛ The expectation that we must always be available to employers ,colleague, family : It creates a real obstacle in trying to set aside private time . But that private time is more important than ever. ‚ Much of the digital detoxing （戒毒）is centered on the home , where urgent e-mails from co-workers , texts from friends , Instagram photos from acquaintances and updates on Facebook get together to disturb domestic quietness.A popular method is to appoint a kind of cellphone lockbox , like the milk tin that Brandon Holley , the former editor of lucky magazine , uses. ‚ If my phones is buzzing or lighting up , it’s still a distraction , so it goes in the box . ‚, said Ms. Holley , who lives in a row house in Red Hook , Brooklyn , with her son ,Smith , and husband , John .‛It’s not something I want my kid to see.‛ Sleep is a big factor , which is why some people draw the cellphone-free line at the bedroom.‛I don’t want to sleep next to something that is a charged ball of information with photos an e-mails ,‛ said Peter Som , the fashion designer , who keeps his phone plugged in the living room overnight .‛‚It definitely is a head clearer and describes daytime and sleep time clearly .‛Households with young children are especially mindful about being overconnected , with parents sensitive to how children may imitate bad habits . But it’s not just inside the home where users are separating themselves from the habit . Cellphone overusers are making efforts to disconnect in social settings ,whether at the request of the host or in the form of friendly competition . The phone-stack game is a lighthearted way for friends to police against rude behavior when eating out . The game gained popularity after Brian Perez, a dancer in Los Angeles , posted the idea online.63. What might be the reason for Michael Carl to play the ‚ phone stack‛ game?A. His friends aren’t willing to pay for the meal voluntarily .B. He wants to do some funny things with those phonesC. He has been fed up with digital devices being present everywhereD. The wearable devices have brought threats to his privacy .64.Why is it difficulty for people to break away from their digital device at home ?A. Because they have to do some work at homeB. Because they are expected to be always available to the outsideC. Because people have been addicted to digital devices.D. Because digital devices can enrich people’s family life.65. What does Peter Som do to ensure his sleeping quality at night ?A. He puts his phone in the living room .B. He ignores any information in the phoneC. He deletes all information in his phoneD. He puts his phones in a lockbox66. Why does the phone-stack game become popular as soon as it is posted online?A. The game helps create a harmonious relationship among friends.B. The game makes the host get along well with the guestC. The game can prevent children from imitating their parents’ behaviorD. The game meets people’s demand for keeping away from phones easily Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‚Any apple today ?‛, Effie asked cheerfully at my window ,. I followed her to her truck and bought a kilo . On credit , of course . Cash was the one thing in the world I lacked just them .All pretense （借口）of payment was drooped when our funds , food and fuel decreased to alarming lows. Effie came often , always bringing some gift: a jar of peaches or some firewood . There were other generosities.___________ Effie was not a rich woman . Her income , derived from investment she had made while running an interior decorating shop , had never exceeded $200 a month , which she supplemented by selling her apples .But she always managed to help someone poorer .Years passed before I was able to return the money Effie had given me from time to time . She was ill now and had aged rapidly in the last year .‛ Here , darling , ‚ I said , ‚ is what I owe you ,‛ _____________‛ Give it back as I gave it to you -----a little at a time.‛‚ I think she believed there was magic in the slow discharge of a love debt.The simple fact is that I never repaid the whole amount to Effie , for she died a few weeks later . By now , the few dollars Effie gave me have been multiplied many times . But a curious thing began to happen .___________At that time , it seemed that my debt would forever go unsettled . So the account can never be marked closed , for Effie’s love will go on in hearts that have never known her .IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Chaco Great HouseAs early as the twelfth century A.D., the settlements of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico in the American Southwest were notable for their "great houses," massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three or four stories high. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used. While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three competing theories.One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential, with each housing hundreds of people. Supporters of this theory have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well-known "apartment buildings" at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.A second theory contends that the Chaco structures were usedto store food supplies. One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be stored somewhere, and the size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto, archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material. Excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. This finding has been interpreted as evidence that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies. At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals had been prepared or served. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 想和我一起看电影的人请举手。

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757, he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822, and Caroline on September 1st,1848.Herschel’s first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation (绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781, when on March 13th, he discovered the planet Uranus (天王星) while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax (恒星视差). This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum, in honor of the then ruling English king George III. The trick worked once again, as King George III gave William and Caroline the titles of “The King’s Astronomer” and “Assistant to the King’s Astronomer”, an honor which came with a life’s pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787.While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspot, an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800, he became interested in the solar spectrum (太阳光谱), and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared(红外线). In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’s weather.56.Herschel made himself known to the world mainly by __________.A. discovering the planet UranusB. determining stellar parallaxC. discovering two moons of UranusD. uncovering the evidence for the infrared57. It can be inferred from the passage that George III __________.A. liked science and technologyB. liked Herschel’s naming of the new planetC. was interested in astronomyD. gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions58. What do we know about Caroline from the passage?A. She was successful in music.B. She was titled “The King’s Astronomer”.C. She died later than her brother.D. She published two papers.59. This passage mainly tells readers .A. some information about Herschel and his sisterB. how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet UranusC. Herschel and Caroline got along well with each otherD. Herschel and Caroline’s major scientific publicationsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The cold northern wind here in the streets of Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannot think of the Pole as cold and empty;in my imagination it is a region of beauty and delight. Who knows what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there. I shall satisfy my curiosity with the sight of an unknown part of the world-and walk where no man has before.Thinking of it, I feel the same joy a child feels when he sails his little boat on a voyage of discovery up his native river.This voyage was the favorite dream of my early years. My education was neglected, yet I was passionately fond of reading. Uncle Thomas's library contained only books about exploration, which I read day and night. Finally my thoughts comes to the idea of making a voyage of discovery.Six years have passed since I decided on the present voyage. I can, even now, remember the hour when I committed myself to this great enterprise. I began by making my body used to hardship. I went on whale hunting voyages to the North Sea; I voluntarily endured cold, hunger, thirst, and lack of sleep. I often worked harder than the common sailors during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the theory of medicine,and sciences of practical importance for a seagoing adventurer. Twice I took jobs as an officer on a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little proud when my captain asked me to remain with the ship, so valuable did he consider my services. And now, do I not deserve to achieve some great task? My life might have been passed in ease and comfort, but I preferred glory to every pleasure that wealth placed in my path.56.What does the author think of the Pole?A.It reminds him of his childhood.B. It must be a region full of surprises.C. It would fulfil his dream to be an adventurer.D. It's too cold a destination with almost nothing.57. To realize his childhood dream, the author got _______.A. physically prepared by experiencing great sufferingB. spiritually prepared by gaining captain's recognitionC. academically prepared by reading books on explorationD. financially prepared by serving on a whale hunting ship.58. According to the passage, the author is definitely a person full of _______.A. curiosityB. fancyC. perseveranceD.prideSection CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)In 1982, I had responsibility for Stephen Hawking’s third academic book for the Press, Superspace and Supergravity. This was a messy collection of papers from a technical workshop on how to devise a new theory of gravity. While that book was in production, I suggested he try something easier: a popular book about the nature of the Universe, suitable for the general market.Stephen hesitated over my suggestion. He already had an international reputation as a brilliant theoretical physicist working on rotating black holes and theories of gravity. And he had concerns about financial matters: importantly, it was impossible for him to obtain any form of life insurance to protect his family in the event of his death or becoming totally dependent on nursing care. So, he took precious time out from his research to prepare the rough draft of a book.At the time, several bestselling physics authors had already published non-technical books on the early Universe and black holes. Stephen decided to write a more personal approach, by explaining his own research in cosmology and quantum theory.One afternoon, in the 1980s, he invited me to take a look at the first draft, but first he wanted to discuss cash. He told me he had spent considerable time away from his research, and that he expected advances and royalties(定金和版税) to be large. When I pressed him on the market that he foresaw, he insisted that it be on sale, up front, at all airport bookshops in the UK and the US. I told that was a tough call for a university press. Then I thumbed the typescript. To my dismay, the text was far too technical for a general reader.A few weeks later he showed me a revision, much improved. Eventually, he decided to place it with a mass market publisher rather than a university press. Bantam published A Brief History of Time in March 1988. Sales took off like a rocket, and it ranked as a bestseller for at least five years. The book’s impact on the popularization of science has been incalculable.56. What suggestion did the writer give to Stephen Hawking?A. Simplifying Superspace and Supergravity.B. Formulating a new theory of gravity.C. Writing a popular book on the nature of the universe.D. Revising a book based on a new theory.57. Which of the following was Stephen Hawking most concerned about?A. Financial returns.B. Other competitors.C. Publishing houses.D. His family’s life insurance.58. The underlined word “thumbed” is closest in meaning to _______.A. praisedB. typedC. confirmedD. browsed59. The greatest contribution of the book A Brief History of Time lies in _______.A. bringing him overnight fame in the scientific worldB. keeping up the living standard of his familyC. making popular science available to the general publicD. creating the rocketing sales of a technical bookSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Warning from ExpertsA growing amount of human- made orbital debris(太空轨道残骸)---from rocket stages and out-of-date satellites---- is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as space junk, poses an increasing threat to space activities. “This is a growing environmental problem,”said Nicholas Johnson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating past and future amounts of space junk. The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellite launches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth will steady through 2055, after which it will increase. While current efforts have focused on limiting future space junk, these scientists say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary.Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than ten centimeters in diameter orbiting the Earth. “Of the 13,000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,” Johnson said. In addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. These include everything from pieces of plastic to bits ofpaint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are sections of a rocket that have their own fuel or engines.These objects travel at speeds over 35,000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by causing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from sending up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lasers to slow an objects orbit to cause it to fall back to Earth more quickly. Given current technology, those proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical, “Space junk is like any environmental problem,” Johnson admits. “I t’s growing. If you don’t deal with it now, it will only become worse, and the solutions in the future are going to be even more costly.”56. What is this passage mainly talking about?A. Advanced technology is used to remove space junk.B. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem.C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly needed.D. Human activities generate much orbital debris.57. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launches.B. Space junk is endangering human beings' space activities.C. It's necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junk.D. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft58. What does John think of the previous proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth?A. Reasonable.B. Unbelievable.C. Reliable.D. Impractical.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Have you ever had the experience of talking to someoneand you think they are lying? Well, you are not alone. We’veall had that feeling. But did you know that there are severalthings you can look for to see if you are being lied to?Sometimes you can tell if a person is lying by observing what they do with their body. When people are lying they tend not to move their arms, hands or legs very far from their body. They don’t want to take up very much space because they don’t want to be noticed. Sometimes a person who is lying will not look you in the eyes. Other times people who lie try to look at you in a strong way because they want to convince you they are telling the truth.Liars also use deflection. For example, if you ask a liar t he question “Did you steal Fatima’s bag?”, they may answer with something like “Fatima is my friend. Why would I do that?” In this situation the person is telling the truth, but they are also not answering the question. They are trying to deflect your attention. Liars may also give too many details. They may try to over-explain things. They do this because they want to convince you of what they are saying.Often when a person is lying, they do not want to continue talking about their lie. If you think someone is lying, quickly change the subject. If the person is lying, they will appear more comfortable because they are not talking about their lie any longer. A little later, change the subject back to what you were talking about before. If the person seems uncomfortable again, they may be lying.It’s very hard for a liar to avoid filling silence created by you. He or she wants you to believe the lies being woven; silence gives no feedback on whether or not you’ve bought the story. If you’re a good listener, you’ll already be avoiding interruptions, which in itself is a great technique to let the story unfold.Just because a person is showing these behaviors, it does not mean they are lying. They might be shy or nervous. But, if you think someone is lying, you might want to use some of these techniques. Hopefully, you won’t need to very often.56. By saying “Liars also use deflection”, the writer means that liars may __________.A. tell great storiesB. change tone of voiceC. ask a question in replyD. avoid direct answers57. According to the passage, a person could be lying if he or she ____________.A. offers more information than necessaryB. appears to be shy or nervousC. changes the subject of the conversationD. speaks very fast and vaguely58. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Liars always try to avoid direct eye contact when they tell lies.B. We can make people lie by changing the subject in a conversation.C. Liars are often expansive in hand and arm movements while talking.D. We make liars uncomfortable by giving no feedback in a conversation.59. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. who deceives usB. why people tell liesC. how to detect liesD. what to do with liarsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AIf a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氦)dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles accumulate(累积) In a joint,, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs(鱼龙).That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本)showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly-and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr. Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (掠食性动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey (猎物)as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.56. Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A. A twisted bodyB. A gradual decrease in blood supply.C. A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D. A drop in blood pressure57. The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see___.A. how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB. how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompressionC. why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD. when ichthyosaurs broke their bones58. Rothschild's finding stated in Paragraph 4_____.A. confirmed his assumptionB. speeded up his research processC. disagreed with his assumptionD. changed his research objectives59. Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs_______.A. failed to evolve an anti-decompression meansB. gradually developed measures against the bendsC. died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD. evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost itSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AOne Friday morning, before Michael was leaving for work he told his wife that he had finally determined to ask his boss for a salary raise. All day Michael felt nervous and anxious as he thought about the upcoming showdown. What if Mr. Duncan refused to grant his request? Michael had worked so hard in the last 18 months and brought some great benefits to Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency. Of course, he deserved a wage increase.The thought of walking into Mr. Duncan's office left Michael weak in the knees. Late in the afternoon he was finally courageous enough to approach his superior. To his delight and surprise, the ever- frugal (一惯节省的) Rowland Duncan agreed to give Michael a raise!Michael arrived home that evening-despite breaking all city and state limits-to a beautiful table set with their best china, and candles lit. His wife, Cassie, had prepared a delicate meal including his favourite dishes. Immediately he thought someone from the office had tipped her off!Next to his plate Michael found a beautiful lettered note. It was from his wife. It read: "Congratulations, my love! I knew you'd get the raise! I prepared this dinner to show just how much I love you. I am so proud of your accomplishments!" He read it and stopped to think about how sensitive and caring Cassie was.After dinner, Michael was on his way to the kitchen to get dessert when he observed that a second card had slipped out of Cassie's pocket onto the floor. He bent forward to pick it up. It read:"Don't worry about not getting the raise! You do deserve one! You are a wonderful provider and I prepared this dinner to show you just how much I love you even though you did not get the increase."Suddenly tears swelled in Michael's eyes. Total acceptance! Cassie's support for him was not conditional upon his success at work.The fear of rejection is often softened and we can undergo almost any setback or rejection when we know someone loves us regardless of our success or failure.56. What was Michaels plan that Friday?A. To find a job with the Braer and Hopkins Advertising Agency.B. To ask for a wage increase from his boss.C. To celebrate his success.D. To ask his boss to come for dinner.57. On his way back home, Michael______.A. felt weak in the kneesB. was punished by the traffic policemanC. was too anxious to share the news with his wifeD. couldn't wait to enjoy a meal58. Which of the following statements about the story is FALSE?A. Michael was afraid that his request would lead to a disaster.B. Michael had worked very hard and done his part for the company.C. Michael's boss agreed to his request.D. One of Michael's colleagues had told his wife the good news.59. According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Michael's wife, Cassie?A. Passionate, thoughtful and talented.B. Considerate, generous and reliable.C. Decisive, optimistic and energetic.D. Caring, tolerant and supportive.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.(A)Last October, I was on a diving holid ay in the Philippines with with seven other advanced divers. I dived off the boat, slowly sinking to about 20m.After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine, and I felt deep, powerful vibrations(震动), as if a big boat with a propeller was passing overhead. The dive instructor's eyes were wide with confusion too. We both swam next to each other, staying close to the side of the reef(礁石). The situation felt sinister.Then we were enveloped by clouds of white sand that mushroomed up around us, Could it be an underwater bomb? A giant turtle raced past us and into the deep; they are normally slow movers, so this was very weird behaviour. The vibration became so intense that I could feel it in my bones, and the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly, a few meters below us, breaks began forming and the sand was sucked down. That's when I realized it was an earthquake. The noise was the sound of the Earth splintering open and grinding against itself.The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other's eyes; I felt comforted by his presence. I was numb(麻木的) for terror but clear-headed. My body went on high alert, ready to react. But I have no power over whatever this is. The only option is to stay very still and let it do whatever it's going to do.It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which is not sensible as situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending. Soon we saw other divers.The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes and when they stopped I heard the swoosh of sand falling over the seabed. We all held hands before resurfacing to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up,It was a huge relief to see all the divers and we all shared incredulous looks before pulling out our breathing apparatus and shouting, "What was that?"Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and discovered we had witnessed a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than 30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at at the epicentre(震中). I was high and felt lucky surprisinglynot because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening.56. How did the author realize that they met with an earthquake?A. By feeling the violent shake under the sea.B. By witnessing a normally-slow turtle quickly moving by.C. By seeing the seafloor crack.D. By checking the news and be informed of the event.57. Why didn’t the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped?A. Because the instructor gestured him not to rise.B. Because he was numb in body.C. Because he could sense the unclear water situation.D. Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above.58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration.B. All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration.C. I felt relieved as the instructor was experience in handling situations like this.D. Powerless to fight nature, I was tame when under the water.59. Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat?A. Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake.B. Because he finally survived a huge earthquake.C. Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon.D. Because he didn’t suffer from decompression sickness.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In the world of higher education in the United States, competition seems more common than schools working together. Every college and university competes for students, as well as the bestteachers and money for research programs.But one thing almost every school has in common is the difficulty they face in serving low-income students. The National Center for Education Statistics reports that low-income college students are less likely to complete their study programs than other students.It was only natural that the leaders of Michigan State University and ten other universities discussed this issue when they met in 2014. The 11 schools are spread across the United Sates and serve different populations and needs. But their leaders all saw improving graduation rates for all students as the biggest problem facing American higher education.So the group created an organization called the University Innovation Alliance or UIA for sharing information related to this problem. Its main goal is to get 68,000 more students at the member schools to graduate by 2025, with at least half of those students being low-income. The 11 schools now say their number of graduates has increased by over 7,200 in just three years. This includes an almost 25 percent increase in the number of low-income graduates.How were they able to make this happen? It began with each university looking at its own situation and finding out what it had been doing right and what it had been doing wrong.For example, before joining the UIA, academic advising at Michigan State mostly involved reacting to problems students faced after the problems had already arisen. Then school officials heard about a computer program that fellow UIA member Georgia State University was using. This computer program follows decisions students make about their classes and the progress they are making in their studies. It then sends academic advisors messages whenever a student shows signs that they are making mistakes or facing difficulties. Hat way the advisors can try to help students before the problems become too serious. Michigan State began using the computer program and it has meant a world of difference. Michigan States has not only received useful information from its parents. It has also shared helpful information of its own.Bridget Burns, the executive director for the UIA, says efforts like this have never been as successful. “There are rankings that measure all kinds of things,” Burns said. “But how well you do for low-income students has not historically been highlighted.”56. What led to the setting up of the UIA?A. The low graduation ratesB. The great need of low-income students.C. The inefficiency of learningD. The severe competition between schools。

青浦区2018学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷2019.04考生注意:1.本试卷共13页。

满分140分。

考试时间120分钟。

2.答题前，考生务必在答题卡(纸) . 上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。

3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡(纸)上。

如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也- -律不给分。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. In a park. B. In a Zoo.C. In a museum.D. In a pet store.2. A. Receptionist and guest.B. Salesperson and customer.C. Doctor and patient.D. Waiter and diner3. A.15 dollars B. 45 dollars. C. 75 dollars. D. 60 dollars.4. A. None of Ben's classmates wants to study abroad.B. Ben is not interested in the training experience.C. Others cherish Ben for his long tern efforts.D. Ben is very eager for the scholarship.5. A. Satisfied. B. Disappointed. C. Interested. D. Frightened.6. A. She is two hours late.B. It is possible to cure toothache.C. She can stand two hours.D. It is too painful to be patient.7.A. By car. B. By bus.C. By subway.D. By plane.8. A. Betty is looking for an Italian dictionary.B. Mr. Green can't offer help to the woman.C. Italian words are hard to pronounce.D. Jack is not available at this moment.9. A. The woman is always in trouble.B. The man finds fault with others.C. The woman has calmed the horse.D. The man has realized his problem.10. A. He will continue during his vacation.B. Papers pile up while he is on vacation.C. He has no time to go on holidayD. Papers are too hard to understand.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. His family had money problems.B. His father didn't like him to be a barber.C. His relatives house was spacious.D. His mother wasn’t able to take care of him.12. A. In 1775. B. In 1802. C. In 1796. D. In 1819.13. A. His childhood experience.B. His wide-range travel.C. The Royal Academy School.D. The Napoleonic Wars.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Memory and communication.B. Comprehension and concentration.C. Memory and concentration.D. Comprehension and communication.15. A.3 hours. B.. An hour. C. 20 minutes. D.50 minutes.16. A. Those who walk along city streets find themselves exhausted easily.B. A walk by a green route helps to improve city image to some extent.C. Taking a route with nature affects one's performance in a positive way.D. The volunteers mental skills remain the same after walking in nature.'Questions 17 through 20 are based on the. following conversation17. A. The telephone call was not clearB. The line was always busy.C. The telephone bill was not accurate.D. The service was not satisfactory.18. A. He refuses to check the bill again.B. He is the manager of the company.C. He is expert at counting.D. He is patient and helpful.19. A. Check her eyesight to avoid mistakes again.B. Apply for the International Dial Service.C. Cut down the number of overseas calls.D. Make a request for free phone calls.20. A. Because she shouldn't have turned to the assistant.B. Because she mixed up the telephone numbers.C. Because she forgot to pay the previous bills.D. Because she made a wrong complaint.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word:for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How can my son be a year old already?My son turned one last week, The day marked the end of (21)________ has been both the longest and shortest year of my life. I haven’t slept for a year and I don't really know how time works any more.From the instant he was born, it's felt (22)________ my son has always been part of this family.How is he one already? First he was born, and was a sleepy ball of flesh then, and now in his place is alittle boy who (23)________ walk and has teeth and knows how to switch off the television at precisely the most important moment of anything I ever try to watch. It's not exactly (24)________ (extraordinary) development inall of human history child gradually gets older but it's the first time I ________ (see) it close up. It's honestly quite hard to grasp. Even photos of him (26)________ (take) last week seem like a different boy. He's leaving milestone after milestone in his tiny parts of me along with them.He'll never again be the tiny baby who lay in my arm, (27)________ (suck) on my little finger in the middle of the night while his mum slept, (28)________ will he be the baby amazed by the taste of solid food.Soon enough he 'll stop being the baby who rests his head on my shoulder whenever he gets tired, or laughs. uncontrollably whenever I say the word teeth for reasons, (29)________ I don't think I'll ever work out.But I've had' a year of this and it's ok. He's never going to stop changing, and I don't want him to.This sadness, this constant sense of loss, of time slipping just (30)________ your grasp, is an important part of this process. He wont realise this, of course. He's got years of unbroken progress ahead of him,where everything will always be new. Years of his life will pass in a moment and he won't be able to understand where they've gone.But it's ok. You can't freeze time. You just have to make the most of what you have.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used onlyonce. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. forgottenB. hesitateC. initialD. marineE. marvelousF. leisurelyG. sourcesH. specificI. symphony J. tapped K. witnessedTouring CenotesMy parents and I traveled to Mexico to visit my grandparents last summer. and we visited the cenotesn Peninsula. The term “swimming hole” might (say-NO-tays), the natural? swimming holes located on the Yucatámake you think that cenotes are just average, but cenotes are truly (31)________. I had the most exciting experience of my life exploring these wonders of nature.Thousands of years old, the cenotes formed and created sinkholes underneath. Though the ancient Mayans (玛雅人) used the cenotes as water (32)________ people can now swim, dive, take photographs, and admire localtrees and (33)________ life, all through water as clear as liquid diamond.In Cenote Azul, my parents, my grandparents, and I swam through water that seemed too blue to be real. I_34_ I countless younger kids diving into the water from a small cliff, but I dared not to jump at first. I finally worked up the courage, and my (35)________ try instantly put all my worries to rest.A few days later, we went to Cenote Ponderosa. We stayed in the sun-covered pond, where we(36)________ floated while others did diving and took underwater photographs. Being surrounded by a valley oftrees made everything else in the world seem to disappear.Grutas de Loltún were definitely the most magnificent of all the cenotes, even though there was no swimming involved. Grutas are caves, and the Grutas de Loltún are among the biggest caves on the entire Peninsula. Our guide, Carolina, walked us through several caves, where we saw many drawings thousands of years old on the cave walls! Just one brief look at those drawings made me feel like I had stepped back in time toa(n) (37)________ era of history. Our group thought Carolina was joking when she claimed she could make the stalagmites(T 4) sing for us, but when she (38)________ them, we heard what sounded like the words Lol and Tun-the name of the caves! I cannot imagine that a(n) (39)________ played at a concert at Carnegie Hall would havebeen any better.Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula is filled with beauty, but the cenotes are a one-of-a-kind opportunity to commune with nature in a way that is impossible anywhere else on Earth, and I would not (40)________ to do itall again.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Recently, the Victorian Government brought in new rules. Victorian state schools will be banned from using facial recognition technology in classrooms unless they have the ____41____ of parents,students and the Department of Education.Students may be justifiably horrified at the thought of being ____42____ as they move throughout the school during a day. But a roll marking system could be as simple as looking at a tablet or iPad once a day____43____ being signed off on a paper roll. It simply depends on the implementation. Trials have already begunin independent schools and. up to 100 campuses across Australia. According to the developers, the technology promises to save teachers up to 25 hours a week by ____44____ the need for them to mark the roll at the start ofevery class. Many students now have smart phones that recognise faces right now. There are also ____45____ face recognition apps for Android phones and iPhones. So face recognition is already in our schools.And I argue that, like earlier technologies such as the motor vehicle and mobile phone, a strategy where____46____ it.adoption is managed to create the most good and least harm is appropriate. We shouldn’t simply We are now in a golden age of face recognition. The main reason for rapid adoption is that recognition____47____ has improved significantly in recent years. The simple application of this technology proposed forschools is to collect the student roll call ____48___ for classes. This is a compulsory requirement imposed by theeducation department.However, ____49____ is often raised as an objection and this. issue can never be dismissedlightly.Objections are mostly based on the collection and distribution of the photos. But every school ____50____photos. of their students already and schools have strict control over distribution. Such controls would necessarilybe built into any school certified system. The only fundamental ____51____ of the process is whether a teacher ora computer recognizes the student.Face recognition technologies will become widely adopted across society over the coming years.Concernsover implementation and privacy may ____52____ adoption in some places, but the____53____ will come in andwill change business practices right across the world once that happens.In short, this technology has the ability to free up our time and reduce the costs. As with all new technologies, of course, face recognition ____54____ reasonable concerns. Constructive policies and dialog arethe preferred way forward to gain the ____55____ benefit for society at large, and to make sure we do the leastharm.41. A. authority B. approval C. familiarity D. understanding42. A. monitored B. controlled C. noticed D. managed43. A. Regardless of B. less than C. other than D. instead of44. A. ordering B. replacing C. adding D. meeting45. A. feasible B. flexible C. downloadable D. admirable46. A. promote B. ban C. upgrade D. advertise47. A. availability B. difficulty C. accuracy D. rapidness48. A. steadily B. temporarily C. mechanically D. automatically49. A. personality B. freedom C. privacy D. humanity50. A. implements B. collects C. polishes D. ranks51. A. problem B. advantage C. change D. success52. A. slow down B. let down C. take up D. move up53. A. method B. atmosphere C. direction D. dissolves54. A. raises B. solves C. handles D. tide55. A. economic B. maximum C. material D. directSection BDirections: Read the following three passages.I Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In university I had a part-time job at a shop that sold doughnuts and coffee. Situated on a block whereseveral buses stopped, it served the people who had a few minutes to wait for their bus.Every afternoon around four o' clock, a group of schoolchildren would burst into the shop, and businesswould come to a stop. Adults would glance in, see the crowd and pass on. But I didn't mind if the children waitedfor their bus inside. Sometimes I would hand out a bus: fare when a ticket went missing always repaid the next day.On snowy days I would give away some. doughnuts. I would lock the door at closing time, and we waited in thewarm shop until their bus finally arrived.I enjoyed my young friends, but it never occurred to me that I played an important role in their lives - untilone afternoon when a man came and asked if I was the girl working on weekdays around four o’clock. Heidentified himself as the father of two of my favorites.I want you to know I appreciate what you do for my children. I worry about them taking two buses to gethome. It means a lot that they can wait here and you keep an eye on them. When they are with the doughnut lady, Iknow they are safe. I told him it wasn't a big deal. and that I enjoyed the kids.So I was the Doughnut Lady. I not only received a title, but became a landmark.Now I think about all the people who keep an eye on my own children. They become, well,Doughnutriver who drove myLadies. Like the men at the skating rink (# ж 5) who let my boys ring home; Or the busddaughter to her stop at the end of the route at night but wouldn't leave until I arrived to pick her up; Or that nicepolice officer who took pity on my boys walking home in the rain when I was at work even though the phone rangall the next day with calls from curious neighbors. “Was that a police car I saw at your house last night?”That wasn't a police car. That was a Doughnut Lady.56. According to the passage, the author sometimes_________.A. called the children's parents to pick them upB. provided schoolchildren with warm sheltersC. did business with the children's help.D. sold bus tickets to the children_______.57. By saying “ ... it wasn’t a big deal” (in paragraph 4) the author meant that_A. she hadn't found it hard to get along with the childrenB. she hadn’t made a lot of money from the childrenC. she hadn’t spent plenty of time with the childrenD. she hadn't done anything very significant58. According to the author, those who ________ are Doughnut Ladies.A. are always ready to help othersB. provide free doughnuts for the poorC. work in the doughnut store for a whileD. are curious about the happenings around59. The passage suggests that________.A. taking responsibility is a virtueB. devotion co-exists with rewardC. running a business requires skillsD. acts of kindness are never too small(B)We offer a full range of services to make your 'IKEA experience more complete.Old Kitchen Removing ServiceAre you going to buy a brand-new kitchen in IKEA? So how to do with your old kitchen at home? Don’t worry! IKEA is now providing professional dismantling and removing service for old kitchen to you. By this service you can have your new kitchen at home easily, (For service detail and charge please go to the staff of kitchen department.)Transport ServiceNeed a way to get your new home-furnishings home? You can rent a transport or hire us to deliver it foryou. Just talk to our Customer Service Department for details.Return PolicyAs long as the items are undamaged, unassembled and unused, you could return them in their original package within 60 days (IKEA FAMIL Y member within 180 days) together with your original receipt.Sorry, we cannot accept exchange or return of food,' plants, liquid bathing products, AS-IS products, customized products, kitchen electrical appliance and all products that have already been cut,sewed or painted. The exchange and return policy above applies only to the products purchased from IKEA stores in mainland China.IKEA Restaurant/CaféThe restaurant/cafe serves both classic Swedish dishes and local favorites, and is one of the most popular areas of the whole IKEA store. Shopping at IKEA is fun and offers great value, but can also be hard work, so stopby and treat yourself to a refreshing drink and a bite to eat.60. Which one of the following items can be returned according to the Return Policy?A. Sausages purchased within a week with the original receipt.B. An electric light as good as new bought in IKEA stores in Taiwan.C. Unpacked bookshelf purchased within 60 days with the original receipt.D. An unusual customized bed in its original package bought a month ago.61. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. One can enjoy delicious food in IKEA.B. Your new kitchen is available in an easy way.C. The furniture can be transported to your house.D. There are several payment modes to choose from.62. Where is the passage probably taken from?A. A travel brochure.B. A food magazine.C.A shopping guide.D. A science journal.(C)What do you remember about your life before you were three? Few people can remember anything that happened to them in their early years. Adults memories of the next few years also tend to be unclear. Most people remember only a few events usually ones that were meaningful and distinctive,' such as being hospitalized or thebirth of a new baby.How might this inability to recall early experiences be explained? The passage of time does not account forit, adults have excellent recognition of pictures of people who attended high school with them 35 years earlier. Another seemingly reasonable explanation that infants do not form enduring memories at this point indevelopment also is incorrect, Children two and a half to three years old remember experiences that occurred in their first year, and eleven month olds remember some events a year later.However, three other explanations seem more promising. One involves physiological changes relevant to memory. Maturation of the frontal lobes (额叶) of the brain continues throughout early childhood, and this part of the brain may be critical for remembering particular episodes in ways that can be recalled later. Demonstrations of infants and very young children's long-term memory have involved their repeating motor activities that they hadseen or done earlier, such as reaching in the dark for objects, putting a bottle in a dolls mouth, or pulling apart two pieces of a toy. The brain's level of physiological maturation may support these types of memories, but not ones depending on clear verbal descriptions.A second explanation involves the influence of the social world on children's language use.Hearing and telling stories about events may help children store information in ways that will endure into later childhood and adulthood. Through hearing stories with a clear beginning, middle, and ending children may. learn to take out the idea of events in ways that they will be able to describe many years later. Consistent with this view parents and children increasingly engage in discussions of past events when children are. about three years old. However, hearing such stories is not sufficient for younger children to form enduring memories. Telling such stories to twoyear olds does not seem to produce long-lasting verbalizable memories.A third likely explanation for infantile memory loss involves mismatch between the ways in which infants encode information and the ways in which older children and adults recall it. Whether people can remember an, event depends critically on the fit between the way in which they earlier encoded the information and the way in which they later attempt to recall it. The better the person is able to reconstruct the perspective from which the material was encoded, the more likely that recall will be successful.63. In the discussion of children's inability to recall early experiences, paragraph 2 serves to ________.A. argue that the assumptions in this part have been more thoroughly researched than the theories presentedlater in the passageB. explain why some theories about infantile memory loss are wrong before presenting ones more likely to betrueC. explain why infantile memory loss is well worth the efforts of researchers both now and thenD. argue that events that are not proved by evidence should generally be considered unreliable64. What does paragraph 3 suggest about long-term memory in children?A. Young children have better long-term recall of short verbal exchanges than of long ones.B. Young children may form long- term memories of actions they see earlier than of things they hear or are told.C. Children long-term recall of motor activities increases when such activities are accompanied by preciseverbal descriptions.D. Maturation of the frontal lobes of the brain is important for the long-term memory of motoractivities but not verbal descriptions.65. According to paragraph 4, what role may telling stories to children play in forming their childhood memories?A. It may speed up the physiological maturing of the brain.B. It may help preschool children to recall the past quickly.C. It may bring about their memory recovery later.D. It may strengthen children' s verbal capacities.66. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. It shows how physical maturation affects the memory.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. According to a leading theory on rumination, people believe that it will help them findanswers and make them feel better.B. How you co-ruminate matters too.C. Focusing on the content of rumination runs the risk of fostering co-rumination betweenclient and therapist.D. How problems are discussed, though, can be the difference between halving a problem ordoubling it.E. Co-rumination with work colleagues can increase the risk of stress and tiredness, one studysuggests.F. Research shows that co-rumination is a double-edged sword.A problem shared can be a problem doubledPeople discuss their problems with friends in the hope that they 'll gain some idea on how to solve them. And even if they don't find a way to solve their problems, it feels good to let off some steam.Indeed, having close friends to trust is a good relief against poor mental health. (67)__________.The term psychologist's use for negative problem sharing is co-rumination. Co-rumination is the mutual encouragement to discuss problems too much, repeatedly going over the same problems, expecting future problems and focusing on negative feelings. It is more about keeping talking about problems than solving them. (68)__________. In a study involving children aged seven to 15 years of age,researchers found that co-ruminationin both boys and girls is associated with high-quality and close friendships. However, in girls, it was also associated with anxiety and depression (the same association was not found with the boys).If we look at the theory behind why individuals ruminate, it may shed some light on why friends co-ruminate. (69)__________. So if two people believe rumination is beneficial, then working together to co-ruminate to find answers may seem like a useful thing to do, as two heads may appear better than one. But focusing on problems and negative emotion together can increase negative beliefs and moods- and result in a greater need to co-ruminate.Traditionally, therapy has not prioritised handling rumination or co-rumination directly as maintaining' factors in psychological problems. Instead, approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) have aimed to challenge only the content of rumination. Humanistic approaches such ascounselling have provided conditions to potentially ruminate on the content of problems. And psychodynamic (心理动力) approaches such as psychoanalysis have aimed to analyze the content of rumination.(70)__________. But if this occurs in therapy, a strong therapeutic relationship may well be a positiveoutcome of co-rumination regardless of whether the client's symptoms improve or not.ve to lead to worsening mental And, on the social side, discussing problems with friends doesn’t always ha health, as long as the discussion involves finding solutions and the person with the problem acts on those solutions. Then, relationships can be positive and beneficial to both parties, and a problem shared can really be a problem halved.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passagein no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Could you be flexitarian?What kind of food do you eat? Are you conscious of the types of food you consume? Although there is research on the right diet to follow to help us maintain a healthy lifestyle but it's hard to know which one to pickand, once chosen, it's harder still to stick to it. And now there's another choice for you.A flexitarian diet involves eating plant-based foods and only occasionally eating meat and fish.This is alovely alternative to being a vegetarian by not completely resisting meat.This eating style allows you to supplement some ingredients that you wouldn't get in a stricter vegan (纯素) diet. And like veganism, flexitarianism isn't about eating carefully to help you lose a few pounds it's somethingpeople choose for ethical reasons, to help the planet. And a study into the global food system and how it affects the climate, has found that eating mainly plant-based foods is one of three key steps towards a sustainable future for all.This research found that food waste will need to be halved and farming practices will also have to improveto achieve this. But without a single solution, a combined approach is needed. Dr. Marco Springmann, one of the lead authors of the report argued "We really found that a combination of measures would be needed to stay within environmental limits and those include changes towards healthier more plant-based diets.While vegans think it's wrong for animals to be killed for. food, flexitarians believe eating meat once in awhile is. acceptable. And Dr. Springmann agrees as long as we treat it as a luxury, it's probably acceptable but you shouldn't have more. than one. serving of red meat, which includes beef and pork, per week." And here's anotherfact to digest: If we moved to this type of diet, the study found that greenhouse gas emissions from agriculturewould be cut by more than half.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.正是她那种急于求成的心态让她无缘决赛。

2018年上海市青浦区英语中考⼆模试卷及参考答案2018年上海市青浦区中考英语⼆模试卷⼀、Listening Comprehension （听⼒理解）（共30分）1．（6分）1．2．3．4．5．6．2．（1分）A．A red sweater．B．A green sweater．C．A white sweater．D．A yellow sweater．3．（1分）A．America．B．France．C．Japan．D．Italy．4．（1分）A．By bus．B．By bike．C．On foot．D．By taxi．5．（1分）A．Cool．B．Warm．C．Hot．D．Cold．6．（1分）A．Because she wanted to be healthier．B．Because swimming was fun．C．Because skating was difficult to learn．D．Because she lived in Canada．7．（1分）A．In a cinema．B．In a library．C．In a train．D．In a hospital．8．（1分）A．He will make a phone call to them．B．He will see the movie with them．C．He has seen the movie before．D．He will not meet Jenny tomorrow．9．（1分）A．How to use the four skills．B．The easy way of reading and writing．C．How to learn English faster．D．The importance of practicing English．10．（6分）（1）Betty calls the Helpline because she has a problem with her friend．（2）If Betty wants to get help，she should tell the Helpline who her friend is．（3）Betty and her friend are in different schools，and they keep in touch with each other．（4）This term Betty went to see her friend，but she refused to speak to her．（5）The Helpline asks Betty to write a letter to her friend，or she will probably feel lonely．（6）At last Betty manages to get some advice from the Friendship Helpline．11．（10分）（1）In Denmark （丹麦），the schools set up by parents have to follow courses （课程）．（2）Some of the schools are called "small schools"，but a school must have at least．（3）Many parents of Cooleenbridge School came from Germany，England and of Ireland （爱尔兰）．。

2018年上海市青浦区中考英语二模试卷一、Listening Comprehension （听力理解）（共30分）1．（6分）1．2．3．4．5．6．2．（1分）A．A red sweater．B．A green sweater．C．A white sweater．D．A yellow sweater．3．（1分）A．America．B．France．C．Japan．D．Italy．4．（1分）A．By bus．B．By bike．C．On foot．D．By taxi．5．（1分）A．Cool．B．Warm．C．Hot．D．Cold．6．（1分）A．Because she wanted to be healthier．B．Because swimming was fun．C．Because skating was difficult to learn．D．Because she lived in Canada．7．（1分）A．In a cinema．B．In a library．C．In a train．D．In a hospital．8．（1分）A．He will make a phone call to them．B．He will see the movie with them．C．He has seen the movie before．D．He will not meet Jenny tomorrow．9．（1分）A．How to use the four skills．B．The easy way of reading and writing．C．How to learn English faster．D．The importance of practicing English．10．（6分）（1）Betty calls the Helpline because she has a problem with her friend．（2）If Betty wants to get help，she should tell the Helpline who her friend is．（3）Betty and her friend are in different schools，and they keep in touch with each other．（4）This term Betty went to see her friend，but she refused to speak to her．（5）The Helpline asks Betty to write a letter to her friend，or she will probably feel lonely．（6）At last Betty manages to get some advice from the Friendship Helpline．11．（10分）（1）In Denmark （丹麦），the schools set up by parents have to follow courses （课程）．（2）Some of the schools are called "small schools"，but a school must have at least．（3）Many parents of Cooleenbridge School came from Germany，England and of Ireland （爱尔兰）．（4）Cooleenbridge School is also a small school，and it was started 1986．（5）The teachers of the school think the important thing in school is not．二、Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案）：（共20分）12．（1分）When it rains，it pours．Which is correct for the underlined part？（）A．[e]B．[i：]C．[aɪ] D．[eɪ]13．（1分）The guests are told that the furniture in the flat is designed by ______ owner himself．（）A．the B．an C．a D．/14．（1分）Zhujiajiao，an old town with a history of hundreds of years，lies ____ the west of Shanghai．（）A．on B．in C．to D．among15．（1分）The traveler asked ________ some water when he passed Granny Li's house．（）A．by B．for C．with D．of16．（1分）It is said that having a glass of water first in the morning is good for ________ health．（）A．we B．us C．our D．ours17．（1分）The teacher told the class that only three students failed the exam，and ________ all passed．（）A．another B．the other C．others D．the others18．（1分）Mrs．Black wants to make some pizza，so she asks her husband to buy some ________．（）A．apple B．butter C．egg D．potato19．（1分）The farmer looks ________，and he even agrees to show the visitors around his private garden．（）A．happily B．nicely C．friendly D．gently20．（1分）After being rebuilt，the open﹣air museum became ________ attractive than before．（）A．many B．more C．much D．most21．（1分）We ________ touch or take pictures of these exhibits （展品），for it's against the rules．（）A．wouldn't B．needn't C．mustn't D．may not22．（1分）Mark ________ very hard in the university and was made Chairman of the Students' Union．（）A．studied B．studies C．will study D．are studying23．（1分）The volunteers ________ a lot of waste bottles on the beach by the end of the tourism festival．（）A．will collect B．have collectedC．was collecting D．had collected24．（1分）The old couple ________ not to trust any strangers when they were cheated last time．（）A．are told B．would be toldC．were told D．will be told25．（1分）To save time，many airlines now allow passengers ________ their boarding passes online．（）A．to print B．printing C．print D．printed26．（1分）Since it's your first visit to Britain，you'd better ____ something about the British culture．（）A．learn B．learning C．learned D．to learn27．（1分）The kids have never been to such a wonderful amusement park before，______？（）A．don't they B．do they C．haven't they D．have they28．（1分）Your mother will be happier ________ you can help with the housework when you have time．（）A．if B．until C．where D．unless29．（1分）The road sign shows us ________．（）A．how can we get to the International Meeting CenterB．which road leads to the International Meeting CenterC．where is the International Meeting CenterD．what can we do in the International Meeting Center30．（1分）﹣I think we should raise some money for charity．﹣________（）A．What a pity! B．I'm sorry．C．What a surprise! D．That's a good idea．31．（1分）﹣Do you know when the next train leaves for Beijing？﹣________（）A．No，thanks．B．Neither do I．C．I'm not quite sure．D．That's terrible!三、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）32．（4分）A．kindnessB．hurtC．a huge bag ofD．as well as E．on the first dayIn a small village，the parents of a little boy were very worried about him because of his bad temper （脾气）．The boy used to get angry very easily and（1）others with his words．While he forgot what he spoke in anger，his friends and neighbours avoided him．His mother and father tried many ways to make him give up his anger and develop （2）．Unfortunately，all their attempts failed．Finally，the boy's father came up with an idea．One day，his father gave him （3）nails，asking him to hammer one nail to the fence every time he lost his temper．The little boy found it funny and accepted what his father had said．His anger drove him to hammer 30nails into the fence （4）! Over the next few days，the little boy found it very difficult to hammer the nails into the fence and decided to control his temper．33．（4分）A．pull out B．immediately C．when D．one of E．the sameGradually，the number of nails hammered into the fence was reduced and the day arrived （1）he hammered none!Now，his father told him to remove the nails every day as he had controlled his anger．Several days passed and the boy was able to （2）most of the nails from the fence．The father appreciated him and asked him pointing to （3）the holes，"What do you see there？"The boy replied，"A hole in the fence!"He told the boy，"The nails were your bad temper and they were hammered into people．You can remove the nails but still see the holes in the fence．The fence never looks （4）! It has scares （伤疤）all over! Your bad temper and anger were like that! Use words for good．Use them to show your heart!"四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）：（共8分）34．（1分）Aunt Petty could hardly believe her good when the lost necklace was found．（lucky）35．（1分）If you are interested in history，you may read these books．（France）36．（1分）My brother and I decided to buy a special gift for grandma's birthday．（seventy）37．（1分）Mr．Tailor and his assistants decided to give up the test because of the weather．（change）38．（1分）The of the football team made the fans become even more excited．（arrive）39．（1分）Nowadays more and more young people are eager to go aboard to their studies．（far）40．（1分）It is for a little boy to finish such a difficult task without any help．（possible）41．（1分）They worked in the lab for a whole week and solved the technical problem．（final）五、Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据要求改写句子．每空格限填一词）（共14分）42．（2分）Both of the two customers offered a high prize for the Chinese painting．（改为否定句）the two customers offered a high prize for the Chinese painting．43．（2分）When the spring came，the young man took his pets out twice a day．（对划线部分提问）did the young man take his pets out when the spring came？44．（2分）It took the astronauts a long time to get ready for the trip to the moon．（保持句意基本不变）The astronauts a long time in ready for the trip to the moon．45．（2分）The boy was very bright．He worked out the crossword in ten minutes．（合并为一句）The boy was bright he worked out the crossword in ten minutes．46．（2分）The editors have held several discussions，but they still can't make a decision．（保持句意基本不变）the editors have held several discussions，still can't make a decision．47．（2分）Their headmaster gave a wonderful speech on the Open Day．（改为感叹句）wonderful speech their headmaster gave on the Open Day! 48．（2分）a flower shop，owns，the town，in the center of，who （连词成句）？六、Reading Comprehension （阅读理解）：（共50分）49．（12分）Beijing World Hotel（1）If you go to Sports Club，you can stay there．A．from 2：00p．m．to 9：30p．m．B．from 2：00a．m．to 9：30a．m．C．from 2：00a．m．to 9：30p．m．D．from 2：00p．m．to 9：30a．m．（2）According to the passage，Gourmet is a place where．A．you can live comfortablyB．you can visit anytime by day or nightC．you can buy something to eatD．you can buy anything you want（3）The underlined word "selections" in the passage possibly means ""．A．wishesB．choicesC．waysD．lists（4）Which of the following statements about Brauhaus is Not true？A．You can enjoy real German beers and meals．B．Guests can enjoy nightly live band performance．C．Guests can feel the atmosphere of a bar in Berlin．D．You can stay there from morning till night．（5）If you want to find a place to sing karaoke，you can go to．A．Sports club．B．Lost Horizon．C．Gourmet．D．Brauhaus．（6）The purpose of this passage is to．A．invite guests to go to the hotelB．introduce ways to enjoy yourselvesC．invite guests to service centerD．introduce the service in the hotel50．（12分）Are you an optimist or a pessimist？Optimists always see the good side of things．Pessimists always expect the worst and see the bad side．The optimist says，"The glass is half﹣full．" The pessimist says，"The glass is half﹣empty．" Dr．Seligman is a scientist whose studies show that optimists are（1）than pessimists．Pessimists suffer from depression （抑郁症）more often than optimists do．Dr．Seligman studied a group of men who had heart attacks．After eight years，most of the optimistic men were still alive，while most of the pessimistic men had （2）another heart attack．Dr．Seligman also says that optimists are more successful．Sportsmen，politicians，and businessmen who have optimistic views of the world tend to （趋于）succeed．Here's the good news：Everyone can learn to be more optimistic．The main way is to （3）the way you talk to yourself．When something bad happens to pessimists，they believe it will affect their whole lives．When something bad happens to optimists，they see it as just one event．They also believe that they can solve the problem，so it won't happen again．Here's a（n）（4）：An optimist and a pessimist take a math test．They are both good students，but both of them fail this test．The pessimist thinks，"I'm probably going to fail every test．I'm never going to learn math．It's too difficult for me．（5）will like me because I'm a terrible student．" The optimist thinks，"It was only one test．I'm a smart student．I know I can do much better next time．" Be kinder to yourself．Be more（6）．Always see the glass as half﹣full!（1）A．happier B．healthier C．smarter D．younger（2）A．got rid of B．worried about C．died from D．waited for （3）A．change B．lose C．choose D．find（4）A．saying B．subject C．experiment D．example（5）A．Everybody B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Nobody（6）A．thankful B．useful C．hopeful D．careful 51．（14分）Liyuan LibraryLiyuan Library （篱苑书屋），known as one of China's most beautiful bookstores，is located in a small hillside village near Beijing．The project，designed by architect Li Xiaodong，was built with 40，000wooden sticks．In the village，Li found large amounts of wooden sticks piled around each house．The villagers gather these sticks all year round to fuel their cooking stoves （炉子）．Thus they decided to use this （1）o material in a special way．"This project is about the relationship of a building to the surroundings and （2）i role （角色）in serving the community （社区），rather than a building as an individual object，" Li told the visitors．In the two﹣and﹣a ﹣half years of the operation，Liyuan Library has experienced unexpected levels of use and appreciation．A new bus （3）s has opened close by for the frequent visits by thousands of people，including local villagers，tourists from the Beijing urban area，and many international visitors as well．"Everybody is（4）f to visit，" explained Li．"However，visitors are encouraged to bring two books to the library，and take one back home from the collection in order to keep the place a center of （5）k exchange．" Instead of adding a new building in the village，they chose this site in the nearby mountains，a pleasant five﹣minute walk from the village center．In doing so，they could （6）p a place for clear thoughts when one takes the effort to head for the reading room．Li described his practice in the following way："We try to （7）m technology，community，local materials，modern thinking and a traditional sense of identity together．"52．（12分）Like most July days，it was hot．I stepped into a coffee shop to drink a cup of coffee．It was a tiny store with little round tables and chairs．As I entered，I found a very old woman bent over a table near the door．Her back was so badly twisted that her face nearly touched the table﹣top．I sat down facing her two tables away．"Poor woman，" I thought．"What does she get out of life？Why does God let people live so long past their prime（鼎盛时期）？"As I thought，another aged lady entered the shop and sat down with her．Soon the two of them were talking about childhood days．They talked of how little the shop had changed in 70years…In minutes the two of them were trembling （颤抖）with laughter．I looked again at the first woman，then in the mirror on a nearby wall，catching a picture of myself．I was wearing a dirty shirt．She was well dressed in white，gold rings on her fingers．I was in low spirits．She was laughing，smiling．I was putting the pieces of my life together．She had millions of wonderful memories to recall．She was old but it wasn't hurting her．As I left the shop，I thought of my foolish questions about God letting People past their prime．Why，that woman was more alive，more sensitive than I was．Age has not bent her spirit （精神）．（1）The story happened in a coffee shop in July，didn't it？（2）What did the writer think of the first woman when she saw her in the shop？（3）How did the two aged ladies feel when they were talking about their childhood days？（4）What does the underlined sentence "I was putting the pieces of my life together" mean？（5）How did the young writer and the old woman live according to the passage？The old woman lived a life，while the young writer led a life．（6）What did the young writer try to tell us in the story？七、Writing （共20分）53．（20分）Write at least 60words about the topic "My hometown in ten years"．（以"十年后的家乡"为题，写一篇短文，不少于60词，标点符号不占格．）提示：十年后，你希望家乡会有哪些变化？是希望她的交通更为便捷，还是希望她成为一个山清水净的现代化田园？请展开你的想象，围绕一个中心简单描述一下．（注意：文中不得出现任何姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分．）2018年上海市青浦区中考英语二模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、Listening Comprehension （听力理解）（共30分）1．（6分）1．略2．略3．略4．略5．略6．略【分析】略【解答】略2．（1分）A．A red sweater．B．A green sweater．C．A white sweater．D．A yellow sweater．【分析】略【解答】略3．（1分）A．America．B．France．C．Japan．D．Italy．【分析】略【解答】略4．（1分）A．By bus．B．By bike．C．On foot．D．By taxi．【分析】略【解答】略5．（1分）A．Cool．B．Warm．C．Hot．D．Cold．【分析】略【解答】略6．（1分）A．Because she wanted to be healthier．B．Because swimming was fun．C．Because skating was difficult to learn．D．Because she lived in Canada．【分析】略【解答】略7．（1分）A．In a cinema．B．In a library．C．In a train．D．In a hospital．【分析】略【解答】略8．（1分）A．He will make a phone call to them．B．He will see the movie with them．C．He has seen the movie before．D．He will not meet Jenny tomorrow．【分析】略【解答】略9．（1分）A．How to use the four skills．B．The easy way of reading and writing．C．How to learn English faster．D．The importance of practicing English．【分析】略【解答】略10．（6分）（1）Betty calls the Helpline because she has a problem with her friend．略（2）If Betty wants to get help，she should tell the Helpline who her friend is．略（3）Betty and her friend are in different schools，and they keep in touch with each other．略（4）This term Betty went to see her friend，but she refused to speak to her．略（5）The Helpline asks Betty to write a letter to her friend，or she will probably feel lonely．略（6）At last Betty manages to get some advice from the Friendship Helpline．略【分析】略【解答】略11．（10分）（1）In Denmark （丹麦），the schools set up by parents have to follow 略略courses （课程）．（2）Some of the schools are called "small schools"，but a school must have at least 略略．（3）Many parents of Cooleenbridge School came from Germany，England and略略of Ireland （爱尔兰）．（4）Cooleenbridge School is also a small school，and it was started略略1986．（5）The teachers of the school think the important thing in school is略not 略．【分析】略【解答】略二、Choose the best answer （选择最恰当的答案）：（共20分）12．（1分）When it rains，it pours．Which is correct for the underlined part？（）A．[e]B．[i：]C．[aɪ] D．[eɪ]【分析】哪一个是划线部分的发音？【解答】划线单词是rain，rain的音标是[reɪn]，因此可知划线部分的音标是[eɪ]，故选：D．13．（1分）The guests are told that the furniture in the flat is designed by ______ owner himself．（）A．the B．an C．a D．/【分析】客人们被告知公寓里的家具是由主人自己设计的．【解答】根据The guests are told that the furniture in the flat is designed by ______ owner himself可知这里特指公寓的主人，这里用定冠词the．故选：A．14．（1分）Zhujiajiao，an old town with a history of hundreds of years，lies ____ the west of Shanghai．（）A．on B．in C．to D．among【分析】朱家角，一个有着几百年历史的古城，位于上海西部．【解答】on在..上面；in在…里面；to 紧挨着，不属于范围内；among在..之中；此题根据语境在上海西部，朱佳娇属于上海的一部分，应该用in，在西部是in the west．B故选：B．15．（1分）The traveler asked ________ some water when he passed Granny Li's house．（）A．by B．for C．with D．of【分析】旅行者经过老奶奶家时要了些水．【解答】根据The traveler asked ________ some water when he passed Granny Li's house．可知旅行者经过老奶奶家时要了些水．这里ask for表示要…故选：B．16．（1分）It is said that having a glass of water first in the morning is good for ________ health．（）A．we B．us C．our D．ours【分析】据说早晨喝一杯水对我们的健康有好处．【解答】根据语境推测句意是"据说早晨喝一杯水对我们的健康有好处．"，设空处后面有名词，所以用形容词性物主代词作定语．故选：C．17．（1分）The teacher told the class that only three students failed the exam，and ________ all passed．（）A．another B．the other C．others D．the others【分析】老师告诉同学们只有三个同学考试不及格，其他人都通过了．【解答】首先明确选项中出现的单词的意思和用法：another"另一个"（三者或三者以上中的另一个）；the other"其他的/两者中的另一个"；others"其他人"（是一个代词）；the others其他人（固定范围之内的其他人）．根据题干结合推测设空处句子的句意是"老师告诉同学们只有三个同学考试不及格，其他人都通过了．"，此处指的是固定范围内的其他人．故选：D．18．（1分）Mrs．Black wants to make some pizza，so she asks her husband to buy some ________．（）A．apple B．butter C．egg D．potato【分析】布莱克太太想做一些披萨，所以她要求他的丈夫买一些黄油．【解答】首先明确选项中每个单词意思，A：苹果（可数名词）；B：黄油（不可数名词）；C：鸡蛋（可数名词）；D：土豆（可数名词）；根据题干结合Mrs．Black wants to make some pizza推测设空处句子的句意是"布莱克太太想做一些披萨，所以她要求他的丈夫买一些黄油．"，由于some后面跟不可数名词或可数名词复数形式，所以句子中缺少" 黄油"一词．故选：B．19．（1分）The farmer looks ________，and he even agrees to show the visitors around his private garden．（）A．happily B．nicely C．friendly D．gently【分析】那个农民看上去很友好，他甚至同意带游客们参观他的私人花园．【解答】首先明确选项中每个单词意思，A：高兴地（副词）；B：漂亮地（副词）；C：友好的（形容词）；D：温柔地（形容词）；根据题干结合推测设空处句子的句意是"那个农民看上去很友好，他甚至同意带游客们参观他的私人花园．"，由此判断句子中缺少" 友好的"一词．故选：C．20．（1分）After being rebuilt，the open﹣air museum became ________ attractivethan before．（）A．many B．more C．much D．most【分析】重建后，露天博物馆变得比以前更吸引人了．【解答】根据After being rebuilt，the open﹣air museum became ________ attractive than before，可知这里than用于比较级，而attractive比较级需要加more．故选：B．21．（1分）We ________ touch or take pictures of these exhibits （展品），for it's against the rules．（）A．wouldn't B．needn't C．mustn't D．may not【分析】我们不可以触摸展品或者是给那些展品拍照，因为这是违反规则的．【解答】结合选项可知本题考查情态动词，首先明确选项中每个单词的意思：A 将不会；B：不必；C：不可以；D：可能不；结合题干推测句意是"我们不可以触摸展品或者是给那些展品拍照，因为这是违反规则的．"，所以mustn't 符合句意，故选：C．22．（1分）Mark ________ very hard in the university and was made Chairman of the Students' Union．（）A．studied B．studies C．will study D．are studying【分析】马克在大学里学习很努力而且被选为学生会的主席．【解答】根据句意"马克在大学里学习很努力而且被选为学生会的主席．"以及后半句"was made Chairman of the Students' Union．"可知要用一般过去时．A是一般过去，B是一般现在时，C是一般将来时．D是现在进行时．故选：A．23．（1分）The volunteers ________ a lot of waste bottles on the beach by the end of the tourism festival．（）A．will collect B．have collectedC．was collecting D．had collected【分析】旅游节结束时，志愿者们在海滩上收集了大量的废瓶子．【解答】根据句意"旅游节结束时，志愿者们在海滩上收集了大量的废瓶子．"以及句中的时间状语by the end of the tourism festival 可知要用过去完成时．A一般将来时．B是现在完成时．C是过去进行时．D是过去完成时．故选：D．24．（1分）The old couple ________ not to trust any strangers when they were cheated last time．（）A．are told B．would be toldC．were told D．will be told【分析】当这对老夫妇上次被骗时，他们被告知不要相信任何陌生人．【解答】根据时间状语为when they were cheated last time．故确定主句的时态为一般过去时态，主语the old couple是谓语动词tell的承受者二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故主句的谓语动词为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构为was/were+过去分词，couple表示"一对夫妻"时，它若用作主语，谓语动词用复数，故填入were told．故选：C．25．（1分）To save time，many airlines now allow passengers ________ their boarding passes online．（）A．to print B．printing C．print D．printed【分析】为了节省时间，许多航空公司现在允许乘客在网上打印登机牌．【解答】根据To save time，many airlines now allow passengers ________ their boarding passes online．可知句子考查allow sb to do sth表示允许某人做某事．故选：A．26．（1分）Since it's your first visit to Britain，you'd better ____ something about theBritish culture．（）A．learn B．learning C．learned D．to learn【分析】因为这是你第一次来英国，你最好了解一下英国文化．【解答】根据you'd better ____ something about the British culture，可知这里考查had better do sth表示最好做某事．故选：A．27．（1分）The kids have never been to such a wonderful amusement park before，______？（）A．don't they B．do they C．haven't they D．have they【分析】孩子们从来没有去过这么好的游乐园，是吗？【解答】根据句意"孩子们从来没有去过这么好的游乐园，是吗？"可知，要用一般现在时，需要添加助动词have，前面有never，是否定句，后面要用肯定形式．故选：D．28．（1分）Your mother will be happier ________ you can help with the housework when you have time．（）A．if B．until C．where D．unless【分析】如果你有时间的话帮助做家务，你的母亲会更高兴的．【解答】if如果；until直到；where在哪里；unless除非；此题根据句意"如果你有时间的话帮助做家务，你的母亲会更高兴的．"如果是if，引导条件状语从句；故选：A．29．（1分）The road sign shows us ________．（）A．how can we get to the International Meeting CenterB．which road leads to the International Meeting CenterC．where is the International Meeting CenterD．what can we do in the International Meeting Center【分析】这个路标向我们表明哪条路是通向国际会议中心的．【解答】根据问句，可知是含有宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，故可排除ACD．故选：B．30．（1分）﹣I think we should raise some money for charity．﹣________（）A．What a pity! B．I'm sorry．C．What a surprise! D．That's a good idea．【分析】我认为我们应该为慈善事业筹集一些钱．这是个好主意．【解答】考查情境对话．A．What a pity!真遗憾．B．I'm sorry．对不起；C．What a surprise!太令人惊讶了．D．That's a good idea．这是个好主意．根据题干I think we should raise some money for charity．可知应说这是个好主意．故选：D．31．（1分）﹣Do you know when the next train leaves for Beijing？﹣________（）A．No，thanks．B．Neither do I．C．I'm not quite sure．D．That's terrible!【分析】你知道下一班开往北京的火车什么时候开吗？我不太确定．【解答】考查情境对话．A．No，thanks．不，谢谢；B．Neither do I．我也是；C．I'm not quite sure．我不太确定．D．That's terrible那太糟糕了．根据题干Do you know when the next train leaves for Beijing？可知应说我不太确定．故选：C．三、Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格．每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）（共8分）32．（4分）A．kindnessB．hurtC．a huge bag ofD．as well as E．on the first dayIn a small village，the parents of a little boy were very worried about him because of his bad temper （脾气）．The boy used to get angry very easily and（1）B others with his words．While he forgot what he spoke in anger，his friends and neighbours avoided him．His mother and father tried many ways to make him give up his anger and develop （2）A．Unfortunately，all their attempts failed．Finally，the boy's father came up with an idea．One day，his father gave him （3）C nails，asking him to hammer one nail to the fence every time he lost his temper．The little boy found it funny and accepted what his father had said．His anger drove him to hammer 30nails into the fence （4）E! Over the next few days，the little boy found it very difficult to hammer the nails into the fence and decided to control his temper．【分析】这是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要介绍一个小男孩的父母很担心他的坏脾气，尝试各种方法让他改变．但是都失败了．后来他父亲让他每发一次脾气就在篱笆上定个钉子．后来小男孩发现很难把钉子钉进篱笆，于是决定控制他的脾气．【解答】1．B．考查动词．句意"这个男孩过去很容易生气，用他的话_别人．"．根据下一句While he forgot what he spoke in anger，his friends and neighbours avoided him．当他忘记了他愤怒的话语时，他的朋友和邻居避开了他．及所给单词，可知，应该是"伤害"．used to do sth过去常常做某事．用动词原形hurt．选B．2．A．考查名词．句意"他的母亲和父亲尝试了很多方法来让他发泄怒气，发展__．"．根据所给单词，可知，父母当然是希望他"善良"．填名词kindness．选A．3．C．考查搭配．句意"一天，他父亲给了他___钉子，叫他每次发脾气时都要把钉子钉在篱笆上．"．根据所给单词可知，应该是"一大包"．a huge bag of修饰名词复数nails钉子．选C．4．E．考查介词短语．句意"他的怒火驱使他第__在篱笆上钉了30颗钉子．"．根据下一句Over the next few days在接下来的几天．及所给单词，可知，应该是on the first day"第一天"．选E．33．（4分）A．pull out B．immediately C．when D．one of E．the sameGradually，the number of nails hammered into the fence was reduced and the day arrived （1）C he hammered none!Now，his father told him to remove the nails every day as he had controlled his anger．Several days passed and the boy was able to （2）A most of the nails from the fence．The father appreciated him and asked him pointing to （3）D the holes，"What do you see there？"The boy replied，"A hole in the fence!"He told the boy，"The nails were your bad temper and they were hammered into people．You can remove the nails but still see the holes in the fence．The fence never looks （4）E! It has scares （伤疤）all over! Your bad temper and anger were like that! Use words for good．Use them to show your heart!"【分析】这是一篇人生感悟类阅读，主要介绍父亲让儿子每次能控制自己的脾气时，就从篱笆上拔下一个钉子．并告诉他，钉子就是坏脾气，篱笆就是别人．你的坏脾气会伤害到别人．因此我们应该用好的语言进行表达．【解答】1．C．考查连词．句意"渐渐地，敲进栅栏的钉子的数量减少了，并且没有钉子被敲进栅栏的这一天到来了．"．根据所给单词，可知，这里用when 引导时间状语从句．选C．2．A．考查动词短语．句意"几天过去了，男孩能从篱笆上__大部分钉子．"．根据所给单词，可知，应该是"拔出"．不定式to后用动词原形pull．选A．3．D．考查搭配．句意"父亲感激他，指着__洞问他："你看到了什么？""．根据下一句The boy replied，"A hole in the fence!"男孩回答说："篱笆上有个洞！"．及所给单词，可知，应该是"其中之一"．one of"…之一"．后跟名词复数．选D．4．E．考查搭配．句意"篱笆看起来绝不__"．根据上一句You can remove the nails but still see the holes in the fence你可以去掉钉子，但仍能看到篱笆上的洞．可知，受过伤，肯定与之前不相同，应该是the same相同．选E．四、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子．每空格限填一词）：（共8分）34．（1分）Aunt Petty could hardly believe her good luck when the lost necklace was found．（lucky）【分析】当丢失的项链被发现时，佩蒂姨妈简直不敢相信她的好运．【解答】根据该空处在句中作宾语，故填入名词，所给词lucky为形容词意为"幸运的"，其对应的名词为luck"运气"，为不可数名词只有单数形式．故答案为：luck．35．（1分）If you are interested in French history，you may read these books．（France）【分析】如果你对法国历史感兴趣，你可以读这些书．【解答】根据该空处在句中作定语修饰名词history，故填入形容词，所给词France 为名词意为"法国"，其对应的形容词为French"法国的"．故答案为：French．36．（1分）My brother and I decided to buy a special gift for grandma's seventieth birthday．（seventy）【分析】我和哥哥决定为奶奶的第七十岁生日买一件特别的礼物．【解答】根据所给词seventy为基数词后跟可数名词复数，结合空格后为birthday，可知表达七十岁的生日，即第七十个生日，故填入seventy对应的序数词seventieth"第七十"．故答案为：seventieth．37．（1分）Mr．Tailor and his assistants decided to give up the test because of the changeable weather．（change）【分析】由于天气多变，Tailor先生和他的助手决定放弃考试．【解答】根据Mr．Tailor and his assistants decided to give up the test because of the ﹣﹣weather．（change）可知这里放在名词前面用形容词形式．故填changeable．38．（1分）The arrival of the football team made the fans become even more excited．（arrive）【分析】足球队的到来使球迷们更加兴奋．【解答】根据The﹣﹣of the football team made the fans become even more excited．（arrive）可知这里放在the和of之间用名词形式．故填arrival．39．（1分）Nowadays more and more young people are eager to go aboard to further their studies．（far）【分析】现在越来越多的年轻人渴望出国深造．【解答】根据Nowadays more and more young people are eager to go aboard to﹣﹣their studies．（far）可知现在越来越多的年轻人渴望出国深造．这里further their studies表示出国深造．故填further．40．（1分）It is impossible for a little boy to finish such a difficult task without any help．（possible）【分析】一个小男孩不可能在没有任何帮助的情况下完成这样一项艰巨的任务．【解答】根据to finish such a difficult task without any help，可以判断对一个小男孩来说是不可能的，这里用impossible．故填impossible．41．（1分）They worked in the lab for a whole week and finally solved the technical problem．（final）【分析】他们在实验室里工作了整整一个星期，终于解决了技术问题．【解答】根据They worked in the lab for a whole week and﹣﹣solved the technical problem．（final）可知这里修饰动词用副词形式．。