牛津高中英语模块四 情态动词

牛津高中英语语法复习：情态动词牛津高中英语语法复习：情态动词1 情态动词的语法特征1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

2）情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。

2 比较can 和be able to1）can could 表示能力；可能(过去时用could),只用于现在式和过去式(could)。

be able to可以用于各种时态。

They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。

2）只用be able toa. 位于助动词后。

b. 情态动词后。

c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。

d. 用于句首表示条件。

e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to，不能用could。

He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.注意：could不表示时态1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。

--- Could I have the television on?--- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.2）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。

He couldn’t be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人。

3 比较may和might1）表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句首，表示祝愿。

May God bless you!He might be at home.注意：might 表示推测时，不表示时态。

只是可能性比may 小。

2）成语：may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为”不妨”。

牛津高一英语模块四Unit Two Grammar 情态动词专项训练高一英语组沈学军1.------"May I go now?"-------"No, you ________. "A. mustn'tB. needn'tC. mightn'tD. won't2. ---Could I borrow your pencil?---Of course, you ______.A. canB. mayC. couldD. might3. You _________ do the exercise if you don't want to.A. may notB. can'tC. mustn'tD. needn't4. A computer ________ think for itself; it ________ be told what to do.A. may not, mustB. mustn't, mightC. shouldn't, couldD. can't, must5. It ____ be our headmaster. He has gone to Beijing.A. mustn’tB. won’tC. may notD. can’t6. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone_________ get out.A. had toB. wouldC. mustD. was able to7. ---I think Helen is at home.--- No, she ______ be at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.A. mustn’tB. needn’tC. can’tD. daren’t8.They will ______ run this machine on their own in three months.A. canB. couldC. mayD. be able to9.——I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him?——Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.A. must notB. need notC. would notD. might not10 He_____there now,but I am not sure.A.maybeB.may beC.may have beenD.might have been11._____you be happy!A.CanB.MayC.MustD.Would12.-------"________ you mind my opening the window?"--------"Not at all. "A. ShallB. ShouldC. WillD. Would13.——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting .A.willB.mustC.mayD.can14.If you smoke, please go outside.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. may15. You ______ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.A. can’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. may not16.Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, you hurt yourself.A. won’t ; can’tB. mustn’t ; mayC. shouldn’t ; mustD. can’t ; shouldn’t17. We ______ hurry if we want to arrive in time.A. mustB. needC. mayD. have to18. As a girl, she _________ get up at six every day.A. wouldB. willC. mightD. should19. He ______ get up early when he lived in the countryside.A. wouldB. willC. mustn’tD. can’t20. ________ you please pass on a message to him?A. DoB. ShallC. MayD. Will21.------___ I finish all the work before the noon?------No, you ____ , you ____ finish it by tomorrow.A. Must;needn't; mustB. Must;needn't;mayC. May;needn't;willD. Need;needn't;may22. You _________ pay more attention to your spelling next time.A. wouldB. shouldC. willD. shall23.Your coat is dirty,_____it for you?A.Am I washingB.Will I washC.Am I going to washD.Shall I wash24. —________ you talk so much over meal?—Sorry, Mum. I ________ keep as quiet as a mouse.A. Dare; shallB. Can; mayC. Must; willD. Need; should25. --Will you stay for lunch?--Sorry, _____. My brother is coming to see me.A. I mustn’tB. I can’tC. I needn’tD. I won’t26. --May I pick a flower in the garden?-- ________.A. No, you needn’tB. Not, please.C. No, you mustn’tD. No, you won’t27.------Don’t forget to post the letter for me.------I _____.A.won’tB.willC.don’tD.can’t28.You don’t______to go there if you hav e no time.A.needB.wantC.mustD.ought29. I can't understand why you all ____ think that I did it.A. shallB. willC. canD. should30. It is hard to say what kind of person he is. Sometimes he is very friendly; at other times he_______ be very cold.A. canB. mustC. willD. shall31.------When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon.-----They _____be ready by 12 : 00 .A. canB. shouldC. mightD. need32.Tom’s father promised, “You ___have a new computer if you pass the coming examination,”A.canB.shouldC.shallD.may33. “The house _______ go to the daughter, not the son, according to the will of the father.”declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall34. According to the rules and regulations, all payments _______ be made in cash in the shopping center. A. shall B. can C. must D. should35. —I ordered a pair of shoes online two days ago and they haven’t arrived yet.—Don’t worry. You_______ have them by Friday.A. couldB. shallC. mustD. may36. When I was studying at Beijing University, I ____ take a walk along the lake every evening.A. willB. wouldC. couldD. shall37. The girl _________ out alone at night.A. dare not goB. dare not to goC. dares not goD. does not dare go38.The little girl ____ go out for a walk after dark, ____ she?A. doesn't dare to; dareB. daren't to; doesC. dares not; dareD. daren't ;dare39. I promised to get there before 5 o’clock, but now the rain is pouring down. They ______ forme impatiently. A. may wait B. ought to wait C. could wait D. must be waiting40. I’ve decid ed to take the job and I ______ change my mind.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. won’tD. may not41——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.A. will have stolenB. might have stolenC. should have stolenD. must have stolen42. Since the ground is white, it _________ last night.A. had snowedB. must have snowedC. must be snowingD. must have been snowing43.They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should44. You ____him a hand, though you were very busy, after all, you are close friends.A. might giveB. might have givenC. could giveD. should give45. I ______ up early this morning. So I stayed in bed till 9 a. m.A. needn’t have gotB. didn’t need to getC. shouldn’t have gotD. can’t have got46. He had known the matter before you told him, so you _________ have told it to him.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. needn'tD. shouldn't47. You _________ me about it earlier, but you didn't.A. should have toldB. would have toldC. must have toldD. should tell48.The flower is dead.I_____it more water.A.will giveB.must giveC.should have givenD.would have given49. ---Mr. John didn't come to the party last night, did he?---No, In fact, we ____ for him. A whole evening was wasted.A. needn't waitB. needn't be waitingC. needn't have wattedD. needn't to wait for.50.Tom ought not to_____me your secret ,but he meant no harm.A.have toldB.tellC.be tellingD.having told51.Bruce must have been in China for a long time,_____?A.hasn’t heB.mustn’t heC.Isn’t heD.wasn’t he52. There ________ be a lot of small houses on both sides of the street.A. used toB. get used toC. wouldD. did use to53.It must have snowed last night,____? A.isn’t it B.haven’t he C.mustn’t it D.didn’t it54.--- Who has made a mess in my room?---Who else _____ it but your naughty son?A. could doB. could have doneC. didD. has done55. She is studying medical science now but she _________ a lawyer.A. used to beB. would beC. wereD. had been56. If you were in an English-speaking country, you, too, _________ English every day.A. will be used to speakB. will be used to speakingC. must be used to speakD. would be used to speaking57.There used to be a church in the east of the town,_____?A.didn’t thereen’t to thereed thereedn’t to there58. He was really very lucky or he ____ his leg.A. would hurtB. might hurtC. would have hurtD. could hurt59.I didn’t see her in the meeting-room this morning.She____at the meeting.A.mustn’t have spokenB.shoudn’t have spokenC.needn’t have spokenD.couldn’t have spoken60. I________ have watched that movie------it’ll give me horrible dreamsA. shouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD. mustn’t任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

M4U2 Grammar一．情态动词的特征：情态动词有一定词义，但不完全，不能单独作谓语，须和不带to的动词不定式（ought 等除外）一起构成合成谓语；情态动词没有人称和数的变化；情态动词表示可能，能力，允诺，命令，愿望，敢于等情态。

)二．情态动词的基本形式及其否定式的简略形式(词尾+ n’ｔ原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式can could may might must must (or: had to) ought to ought to will/won’t would shall/shan’t should need needed dare dared三、常见情态动词的用法。

1. can （能力、许可、可能性；请求，允许；惊异．怀疑，不相信态度）(1) 可以表示___可能性___用于肯定句中。

如：He can be right. 他可能是对的。

(2) can还可以表示___能力___；提出___建议____。

如：I can run very fast. 我能跑的非常快。

We can eat here, if you like.如果你愿意，我们在这儿吃吧。

(3)用于疑问句表示___许可__；__命令______；怀疑等。

如：Can I take you home? 带你回家好吗？Can you help me? 能帮我忙吗？Can it be true? 是真的吗？(4) 用于否定句表示_可能性，推测_______。

如：That can’t be Mary.那不可能是玛丽。

(5) 用于疑问句表示___惊异、怀疑、不相信、失望___。

如：Can it be true? 那是真的吗？比较：be able to 可以用于各种时态，表示不仅有能力，而且还能够做成功。

1.如：___ I was able to (managed to) finish my homework in an hour.我终于在1小时内做完家庭作业了。

高一模块四Unit2 Modal Verbs 情态动词Exercise一. can/could1. It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.2. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on thetop shelf.3. George (go) too far. His coffee is still warm.乔治不可能走得太远。

他的咖啡还是温的。

二. may/might1. Drivers are supposed to limit the speed in neighborhoods becausechildren be playing there.2. ——Who told you my e-mail address?—— I don’t remember clearly. It (be) Karen.三. must1. You be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.2. It (rain) last night, for the road is quite muddy.四. need、 dare1. ——Need I accomplish all we have set out to do?——Yes, you , otherwise you would be fired.2. It was so dark outside that the little child (dare) to go out byhimself.3. To become transparent(透明)， an animal (need) to keep its body fromabsorbing or scattering light.五. will/would1. you join our discussion? 你愿意参加我们的讨论吗？2. you mind leaving us alone for a few minutes?六. shall/should/ought to1. Mike is waiting outside. he come in, sir?2. You (punish) for what you have done.3. You be late for such an important meeting.4. You (come) to the meeting earlier. 你本该早点到会场的。

Unit 2 语法情态动词一．基本概念情态动词作为谓语的一部分，无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，与谓语动词构成完整谓语，不能单独作谓语，但在省略回答时，可单独使用。

二．基本用法（一）can 和could1.表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。

e.g. Can you finish this work tonight？(表示能力)Man cannot live without air. （表示客观可能性）—Can I go now？—Yes, you can. (表示请求或允许)① could 也可表示请求，语气委婉。

主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can （即：could 不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。

e.g. —Could I come to see you tomorrow?—Yes, you can. （否定答语可以用：No，I'm afraid not.）②can表示能力时= be able to doe.g. I'll not be able to come this afternoon.注：can 只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时（could）；be able to do 可以用于任何时态中。

2.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。

（主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中）e.g. Can this be true?How can you be so careless!His cannot be done by him.3."can (could)+have+done" 的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。

e.g. He cannot have been to that town.Can he have got the book?4.归纳拓展① cannot but 不得不e.g. I cannot but admire his courage. 我不得不佩服他的勇气。

情态动词一．情态动词类型：1）只作情态动词：must, can(could), may(might), ought to2）可作情态动词也可作实义动词：need, dare3）可作情态动词，也可作助动词：shall(should), will(would)二．情态动词分别讲解1)“必须，一定要”可用于肯定句，表示说话人的主观意志，否定句表示禁止听话人干某事，疑问句中表示征求听话人意见，是否必要做某事。

We must be confident in ourselves.You mustn’t smoke in the classroom.--Must we hand in our exercise in class?--Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t/ don’t have to.2)表推测，“必然，必定”只用于肯定句，不用于疑问否定句中。

(1) 现在的肯定推测：must do He must be mad.(2) 现在正在进行的动作：must be doing They must be waiting for us.(3）过去的肯定推测：must have done The door is locked. They must have left.3)“偏要，硬要”表示不耐烦。

Must you smoke here?2.Can1)“能，会”强调人和动物所具有的能力。

Ducks can swim. I can speak English.2)“可以，许可”You can smoke here.3)表示事物发生的可能性，表“推测”。

肯定句：理论上、客观上的可能性。

Jiangsu can be warm in July.疑问句或否定：具体事实的可能性。

表示疑惑，惊讶或者不相信的意思。

How can he be rude to you?3.Could1)can的过去式：“可能，许可”He told me that he could lift more than 100 kilograms.The teacher tome me that I could hand in my homework later.2)could提要求，比can更委婉。

情态动词考情分析高考对情态动词表示推测的考查基本集中在must,may,might,can,could的用法上。

must用于肯定的陈述句中，表示肯定的推测；may，might用于肯定和否定的陈述句中，表示可能性不大的推测，语气较弱：can用于肯定的陈述句中，表示对客观可能性的推测；can，could用于否定的陈述句和疑问句中表示推测，比may/might not 语气强。

此外要记住：对现在和将来的推测用“情态动词+动词原形”；对正在发生的动作的推测用“情态动词+be doing”；对过去的推测用“情态动词+have done”。

情态动词有can(could)、may (might)、must、have to、shall (should)、will(would)、dare (dared)、need (needed)、ought to等。

情态动词无人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。

1.can,could（1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。

如：Can you lift this heavy box?(体力）Mary can speak three languages.(知识）I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I can find the money.(技能）（2）表示请求和允许。

如：-Can l go now?-Yes.you am,/No,you can.此时可与may互换。

在疑间句中还可用could/might代替，此时could/might不是过去式，只是表示语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。

如：-Could I come to see you tomorrow?-Yes,you an./No,I'm afraid not.（3）表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。

如：They've changed the timetable,so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.（4）表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。

4模块Unit1 Advertising重点短语1. be aware of 知道，明白，意识到I want you to be aware of the sItuatIon before It effects you.我希望在情况影响你前,你能察觉到。

2. play tricks on 欺骗，捉弄I'll give him play tricks on me, the low-down thing! He'll go straight down to the police station!这狗东西，在我跟前使巧，送他公安局去！3. believe in 信任，相信4. be bored with 对……感到厌倦5. appeal to迎合，对……有吸引力Blue and red appeal to me, but I don’t like Gray or yellow蓝色和红色投我所好然而我不喜欢灰色和黄色。

6. trick sb into doing sth诱使某人做某事7. be satisfied with 对……感到满意Think about the misforture of others that you may be satisfied with your own lot想想别人的不幸,你可以对自己的命运感到满足8. be used to对……习以为常，习惯于There are a few verbs which fit into both groups and a hyphenmay be used to show the distinction还有一些动词适合于上述两种情况,可用连接号表示这种区别9. fall for 上……的当，受……骗I can't believe you would fall FOR that old trick.我不相信你会上那老把戏的当。