汽车专业英语
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The basic structure of the carCar generally engine, chassis, body and electrical equipment, such as the four basic parts.One. Automobile Engine: Engine power devices are motor vehicles. two large organizations by the Department of five components: crank linkage; valve; fuel supply system; cooling system; lubrication system; ignition system; starting line.1. Cooling system: general by the water tanks, water pumps, radiators, fans, temperature section, and tables and water temperature switches. Uses two types of automobile engine cooling method, that is, air cooling and water cooling. The use of general automotive engine cooling water.2. Lubrication line: by the engine lubrication oil pump, set the filter, oil filter, oil Road, the pressure limiting valve, oil form, a sense of tamponade, and ruler, such as the composition of the oil.3. Fuel line: gasoline engine fuel by the petrol tank, petrol table, petrol pipes, gas filter, fuel pump, carburetor, air filter, into the exhaust manifold and other components. Two. Automotive chassis: the chassis is supported, the installation of automotive engine and its components, assembly, and form the overall shape of the car and the engine power acceptable to have a sports car, to ensure normal traffic. Chassis by the power train, road system, steering system and braking system composed of four parts.1. Powertrain : Automobile Engine issued by the transmission of power transmission to the drive wheels. Transmission line with a slow, variable speed, reversing, interruption of power, rotation speed difference between the inter-axle differential and functions, with the engine to work, to ensure working conditions in a variety of motor vehicles under normal driving conditions, and has good power and economy. Mainly by the clutch, transmission, universal joints, drive shaft and the composition of bridges.Clutch: its role is to enable the engine power and smooth gear engagement or temporary separation, in order to start driver for automotive, parking, and other operating shift.Transmission: transmission by the shell, transmission cover, the first axis, the second shaft, intermediate shaft, reverse shaft, gears, bearings and other mechanical manipulation of body composition, for automotive speed, variable torque output.2. Traveling line: by the frame, axle, suspension components and wheels. Department of the function of traffic are:a. accept the power transmission system, through the driving wheel and the role of road traction, so that normal car traffic;b. bear the total weight of vehicle and the ground reaction force;c. uneven road to ease the impact of the face of the body, the attenuation of vibration in the car to maintain the smooth running of;d. meet with the steering system to ensure the vehicle handling and stability.3. Steering system: the car used to change or restore the special direction of its travel agency known as the automotive steering system. The basic composition of steering systema. turn manipulated mainly by the steering wheel, steering shaft, steering column and so on.b. rotating the steering wheel steering will be turned into a swinging arm or a rack shaft of the linear reciprocating motion, and shift power to manipulate the body to enlarge. Steering frame fixed in the car or truck body, power steering through the steering control will change after the general direction of transmission.c. turning the steering transmission mechanism and the output to the exercise wheel (steering knuckle), and about the relationship between the wheels must deflection by the body.4. Brake System: Automotive up to the outside world (mainly roads) in some parts of motor vehicles (mainly the wheel) must exert the power, so their degree of enforcement of a series of braking devices are collectively referred to as specialized braking system. Its role is: to make a moving vehicle in accordance with the mandatory requirements of the driver slow down or even stop; so that the car had been stopped at a variety of road conditions (including the ramp up in) stability in the car; so downhill speed vehicles stability.Brake System Classification:a. the role of the braking system in accordance withVehicular braking systems can be divided into the braking system, brake system, emergency braking systems and auxiliary braking systems. To make a moving vehicle to reduce the speed of the braking system and even parking braking system known as the road; to have been suspended so that the presence of the car to stay put while the braking system known as the parking brake system; at failure of the braking system traffic cases, to ensure that motor vehicles can slow down or stop implementation of the emergency braking system known as the braking system; in the road, the auxiliary braking system to reduce traffic speed or maintain speed and stability, but emergency vehicles can not be suspension system known as the auxiliary braking system brakes. The above-mentioned brake system, brake system and the road car braking system in each car must have the.b. by the brake manipulation of energyBraking system can be divided into human and braking systems, brake systems andpower brake servo systems. To the body of the driver braking energy as the only braking system known as the human braking system; entirely on power from the engine turned into a form of pressure or the potential for hydraulic brake system, known as the power brake system ; a combination of human power and engine braking to the braking system or braking system known as the servo power braking system.c. Transfer of energy by way of brakingBraking system can be divided into mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electromagnetic, etc.. At the same time, two ways to upload to the braking system known as the Combined Braking System.Braking system in general by the brake control and brake the two main parts.a. brake control agenciesHave a braking action to control the braking effect and braking energy transmitted to the various brake components and wheel brake cylinder and brake lines.b. BrakeHinder the movement of vehicles or sports trends force (power system) components. Commonly used in automobile brakes are on the use of fixed and rotating components of the friction surface components arising from brake torque, known as the friction brake. It has drum brakes and disc brake structure of two types.Three. Auto body: the body installed on the chassis of the vehicle chassis, for the driver, passengers or cargo. Cars, passenger cars are the overall structure of the general body, truck body is normally provided by the cab and cargo boxes of two parts. .Vehicle body structure include: the body shell (body in white), doors, windows, the front sheet metal parts, body parts and body both inside and outside the decorative accessories, chairs, as well as ventilation, heating, cooling, air-conditioning devices and so on. Special Purpose Vehicle in the truck and also on car and other equipment.1. The body shell (body in white) is the installation of all the basic body parts, usually refers to vertical, such as beams and pillars, as well as load-bearing components connected with them to form the sheet metal pieces of the rigid spatial structure. A clear majority of bus body skeleton, and the car body and truck cab frame is not obvious. Body shell is usually also included in the laying on of the noise, heat, vibration, corrosion, sealing and coating materials.2. The door hinge is installed through the shell on the body of the vehicle, its structure more complex is to ensure that the use of the body of the essential components of performance. Sheet metal, etc.. These sheet metal parts formed a system to accommodate the engine, wheels and other parts of the space.3. Decorative pieces on the exterior decoration mainly refers to articles, decorativewheel covers, logos, text and so on relief. Radiator mask, bumper, lamp and mirror attachment is also obvious, such as decorative.4. Car interior decoration items, including the dashboard, roof, wall, seat cover and other surface decorations, as well as curtains and carpets. Widely used in the car on the natural fiber or synthetic fiber textile, leather or multi-layer composite materials, their skins cover the surface of foam and other decorative materials; on the bus at the use of substantial fiberboard, cardboard, plastics plate, sheet, rubber tread plate and composite decorative board decorative materials, such as follow-up.5. Has attachment body: door locks, door hinges, glass lifts, a variety of seals, shutters wipers, washer shutters, sun visor, rearview mirror, handle, cigarette lighter, ash boxes. At Hyundai Motor closed up player usually equipped with a radio antenna and leveraged, in some vehicle was also equipped with a wireless telephone, TV or heating stoves and small food ancillary facilities such as small refrigerators.6. The body's internal ventilation, heating, cooling and air-conditioning inside the vehicle is to maintain a normal environment to ensure that drivers and passengers safe and comfortable essential device. Internal seat body is one of important devices. Seat by the frame, seat, backrest and adjust the composition of institutions. Seat and backrest should have a certain degree of flexibility. Before and after adjusting the seat or body can move up or down and adjust the seat and backrest angle. Some seats have a flexible suspension and shock absorber, suspension may be its flexibility in adjusting to different drivers are still under the weight of seat from floor to ensure proper height. At some truck driver's cab and passenger compartment is also set to adapt to night-time sleeper of the necessary long-distance traffic.7. In order to ensure traffic safety, at Hyundai Motor widely used on constraints imposed on the occupant of seat belts, head restraints, airbags, and vehicle collision to prevent the crew were injured in a variety of buffering and packet pad device. The carriage of goods in accordance with different types of goods can be an ordinary car field plate structure, platform-type structure, the structure dump, closed car, gas, tank and transport bulk goods (grains, powder, etc.) used in pneumatic blow tank or disposal capacity is dedicated for roads, railways, waterways, air transport and international transport of a variety of standard containers.Iv. Electrical equipment: electrical equipment and electrical equipment from power supply composed of two major parts. Including battery and generator power; electrical equipment, including engine start-up system, the gasoline engine ignition system and other electric devices.1. Battery: battery starter's role is to supply electricity, or at low-speed operation of the engine start-up to the engine ignition system and other electrical equipment power supply. High-speed operation when the engine generator power sufficient to store theextra battery power. On each single-cell batteries have positive and negative columns.[1] [2] [3] 2. Starters: the role of electrical energy into mechanical energy, driven crankshaft rotation, starting the engine. Starter used, attention should be paid for each start-up time should not exceed 5 seconds at intervals of not less than every 10-15 seconds, for the use of no more than 3 times. Consecutive start-up time is too long, would result in battery discharge and substantial smoke starter coil overheating, mechanical damage easily.Performance parameters1. The quality of vehicle and equipment (kg): vehicle fully equipped with good quality, including lubricants, fuel, vehicle tools, spare tire, such as the quality of all devices.2. The greatest total mass (kg): vehicle fully loaded, the total mass.3. The biggest load quality (kg): vehicle roadworthiness quality at the time of maximum filling.4. The greatest quality of axle load (kg): vehicle carrying the largest single-axis by the total mass. With the road through the sex-related motor vehicle at the used car to try not to hurt the acid-base objects.5. Motormen (mm): car length distance between two endpoints.6. Cars wide (mm): vehicle width direction of the distance between two endpoints.7. Taxis (mm): the highest point vehicle to the distance between the ground.8. Wheelbase (mm): auto front axle center to center distance between the rear axle.9. Tread (mm): about the same car tire tread palanquins the distance between the center line.10. Before hanging (mm): front-end car most of the distance to the front axle center.11. Rear overhang (mm): Finally end-to-car distance from the rear axle center.12. Minimum ground clearance (mm): fully loaded car, the lowest point in the distance to the ground.13.接近角(°): Automotive front-end primer highlights the tangent to the front angle with the ground.14. Departure angle (°): back-end automotive primer highlights the tangent to the rear of the angle with the ground.15. Turning radius (mm): Automotive steering, the car turned round the center of lateral plane plane supporting the vehicle on the track radius. Steering wheel position to limit the turning radius of the smallest turning radius.16. Maximum speed (km / h): straight road vehicles moving on to achieve maximum speed.17. Gradeability largest (%): fully loaded, the largest automotive Gradeability.18. The average fuel consumption (L/100km): car driving on the road at 100 kilometers per average fuel consumption.19. Wheels and wheel the number of number of (n × m): the number of wheels to wheel basis for measurement, n the total number of car wheels on behalf of, m on behalf of a number wheel.ABS is in the present world the universal recognition enhances one of automobile secure effective actions, may enhance the automobile to apply the brake in the process operation stability and reduces the stopping distance. Automobile examination profession in recent years along with automobile manufacture technology and examination technology progress, also unceasingly grows strong, is playing the extremely vital role in the automobile movement control section dynamic surveillance automobile technology condition aspect. Specially along with our country highway construction and the path shipping industry rapid development, the road traffic security problem more and more is also prominent, the request further takes and strengthens the motor vehicle security technology condition examination to become the maintenance society stability an important topic.This article involves the ABS performance examination, is divided software and the hardware two parts, complements one another completes the examination together. Equipped the ABS automobile to carry on applies the brake the effect, the ABS performance appraisal and the analysis. Computer based on Visual Basic translation development corresponding application procedure. The examination equipment sensor installs in has ABS in the experimental automobile automobile and debugs, completes goes each kind of information gathering to the vehicles. Software completes the data the collection and processing through the man-machine dialogue, realizes to this ABS performance examination and the appraisal.。
