倒装句和主谓一致

专题十三倒装句和主谓一致1.定义：倒装句：倒装是一种语法手段，用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。

分类：完全倒装和部分倒装主谓一致：谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致分类：语法一致：谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致意义一致：谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致就近一致：谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致思维导图：倒装句和主谓一致倒装句部分倒装so/neither/noronly＋状语, 位于句首否定意义的词位于句首not only...but (also) 连接连个句子完全倒装here/there等地点副词放在句首，且主语为名词主谓一致并列成分作主语特殊形式的名词作主语表数量意义的词作主语不定代词或其他作主语there be 句型句型结构there be 与have的区别就近原则1.倒装句a.部分倒装1.so/neither/nor引导的倒装句2.only＋状语, 位于句首,主句用部分倒装Eg. Only in this way, can they learn English well.3.否定词:never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely;表否定意义的介词短语: at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on nocondition 等置于句首时。

Eg. Not a single mistake did he make.4.not only…, but also…连接两个句子，且not only所在的句子位于句首，其所在的句子要用部分倒装。

Eg. Not only does he get up early, but he also goes to bed early.b.完全倒装表示地点的副词here, there 置于句首, 且主语是名词(不是代词) 时Eg. Here comes the bus.Here you are.2.主谓一致a.并列成分作主语3.there be句型典型例题总分：74分姓名：得分：1.单选题（每小题1分，共50分）（）1. -Last summer holiday, I didn't go anywhere. How boring!-________. But I'm going somewhere for a holiday this summer.A. Neither I didB. Neither did IC. So did ID. So I did （）2. -Tom hasn't gone back to his hometown for 10 years. - . It's a shameA. Neither do the SmithsB. Neither have the SmithsC. So have the Smiths （）3. Listen! ! Let's get into the classroom!A. There the bell goes!B. There goes the bell!C. The bell goes there!（）4. -Mike has lunch at school. - .A. So does TomB. So has TomC. So Tom hasD. So has Tom（）5. Hey, Nick. ______ comes the last bus! Hurry up, or we'll have to walk home.A. ThisB. ThereC. ThatD. It（）6. Only yesterday _______________ find out that his watch was lost.A. he couldB. he didC. did heD. does he（）8._________ he get up early, _______he also goes to bed early.A. Not only do; butB. Not only does; butC. Not only; butD. Not does; but does （）9. -Where's your sister?-Oh, she ________ the Laoshe Teahouse and ________.A. has been to; so Li Ming isB. has gone to; so Li Ming hasC. has gone to; so has Li MingD. has been in; so has Li Ming（）10. Don't worry. ___________A. Here the car comes.B. Here comes the car.C. Here the car is.D. The car here comes.（）11. If you don't go to the meeting tomorrow, ________.A. he won't, tooB. he won't, neitherC. neither does heD. neither will he （）12. Only by studying hard ________ improve her English soon.A. she canB. she didC. can sheD. did she（）13. in this shop can you buy this kind of shoes.A. JustB. StillC. YetD. Only（）14. -When some students throw rubbish in our classroom, I feel ____.- . It makes me want to tell them to clean up the classroom.A. angry; So do IB. uncomfortable; Neither I doC. anrily; So I doD. comfortable; Neither do I（）15. -Will you go to the party tomorrow?-If you go, ______. If you don't, _______.A. so will I, neither will IB. so do I, neither do IC. so I do, neither I doD. so I will, neither I will（）16. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treatedB. can the patients he treatedC. the patients can be treatedD. treated can be the patients（）17. On the top of the small hill , and it has a long history of more than four hundred years.A. stands an old templeB. an old temple standsC. does an old temple standD. an old temple does stand（）18. As your spoken English gets better, _______ your written English.A. so doesB. so willC. neither doesD. neither will（）19. Not a single song ____ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. had she sung（）20. -He could hardly understand what was being read, _______?-__________ could I. But he thought his English was perfect.A. could he; NeitherB. can he; NorC. couldn't he; SoD. couldn't he; Neither（）21.-I'd love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework________.-If you don't go, _____ .A. to do; so do IB. to do; nor will IC. doing; so will ID. do; neither am I（）22.-My mother hardly watches any sports shows. -_________A. So do mine.B. So does mine.C. Neither do mine.D. Neither does mine.（）23. If you go to his party tomorrow, .A. won't, neither do IB. don't, neither will IC. don't, neither do ID. /, so do I（）24. -I couldn't work out the math problem.-________. I found ________ difficult for us to do it.A. So could I; thisB. Neither could I; itC. So can I; thatD. Neither I could; it（）25.Only _________ save his life.A. can the doctorB. the doctor canC. will the doctorD. could the doctor（）26. Jenny, together with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.A. are going to; isn't rainyB. is going to; doesn't rainC. are going to; won't rainD. is going to; isn't rain（）27. The singer and the writer come to the meeting.A. hasB. isC. haveD. are（）28. Either the students or the teacher him very well.A. knowsB. to knowC. knowD. knew（）29. of the students in our class _____ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths, isB. Second fifths, areC. Second fifths, isD. Two fifths, are（）30.There a pen and two rulers on the desk.A. hasB. areC. haveD. is（）31. Listening to tapes _______ a good way to learn English.A. isB. areC. amD. be（）32. This museum ______ here for over 80 years. It ______one of the oldest buildings in this city.A. is; wasB. had been; isC. was; has beenD. has been; is（）33 .________green or ________in a light green room ________good for us.A. Wear, sleep, isB. Wearing, sleeping, areC. Wear, sleep, areD. Wearing, sleeping, is （）34. Running and swimming ____ good for you.A. beB. isC. areD. maybe（）35.-Betty, do you know if Tony _______ the photo competition?-He will, if he _______ his project on Australia.A. enters; finishesB. enters; will finishC. will enter; finishesD. will enter; will finish （）36. -The teacher told the students ________ the task in one day.-That's too long. I think four hours ________ enough.A. to finish; isB. to finish; areC. finish; isD. finish; are（）37.-Li Lei, you'd better go to bed early.-Ok, I'll go to bed as soon as I ______ my homework.A. will finishB. finishingC. finishD. finishes（）38.Twelve-year-olds ______ to have jobs in our country.A. is not allowedB. are allowedC. is allowedD. are not allowed（）39.________ the students in our school _______ over two thousand.A. The number of; isB. The number of; areC. A number of; isD. A number of; are （）40.- What kind of movies do you prefer?-I prefer the movies ________ me something to think about.A. that giveB. that givesC. what givesD. who gives（）41. -What _____ to your city in recent years?-Lots of wide roads, tall buildings and beautiful parks have been built.A. takes placeB. have happenedC. has happenedD. happened（）42.These CDs well, and they will soon.A. sell; sold outB. sell out; be soldC. sell; be sold outD. sold out; be sold（）43.-What does he look like?- He ______________ of medium height and he ______________ small eyes.A. has; hasB. is; isC. has; isD. is; has（）44.In our school library, there a number of books and the number of them _______ growing larger and larger,A. is; areB. has; isC. are; isD. have; are（）45. -There ______ a magic show next week. Would you like to go with me?-Sure, I'd love to.A. will haveB. isC. is going to haveD. is going to be（）46.All the club members _______ the floor when they heard someone _______ for help.A. swept; were shoutingB. swept; shoutedC. were sweeping; shoutingD. was sweeping; shouted（）47. As a result of the earthquake, two thirds of the buildings in the area .A. need repairingB. needs repairingC. needs to be repairedD. need to repair（）48.We all know that the Moon ________ around the Earth.A. is going to travelB. has travelledC. travelsD. travelled（）49.-What languages ______ in that country? -German and English.A. are speakingB. is spokenC. speakD. are spoken（）50. The girl, as well as her parents ________ to the park, and all of them ________ very happy.A. go; areB. goes; feelsC. went; areD. goes; feel2. 语法填空（共24题；共24分）1. I like teachers who________(be) always friendly, helpful and fair to each student.2. Li Lei is interested in English and he ________ (watch) BBC News every day.3. My mother with her friends often ________ (go) shopping on weekends.4. Both she and I________ (be) going to graduate this term.5. Millie said she ________ (visit) her grandparents the day after tomorrow.6.The wealthy girl looks beautiful. She ________ (dress) by a famous dressmaker.7. Mrs. Green ________ (choose) by the volunteer group last year.8. Everyone except Tom and John________(be) there when the meeting began.9.To my surprise, he ________（not realize）his mistakes yet.10. Don't worry. There ________(come) the bus.11. If Nancy ________ (pass) the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.12. Knowledge ________ (be) power.13. I had my finger cut when I ________ (divide) the watermelon into pieces.14. I'll ring you up as soon as I ________ (arrive) there tomorrow,15. Be quiet! A bird ________ (eat) something over there.16.-Could you tell me what you ________ (do) at this time last weekend?-I was studying for the exams.17. We Chinese ________ (encourage) by the touching documentary Amazing China.18. -Waiter, a glass of orange juice, please. -Sorry. Orange juice ________ (serve) only for breakfast.19.The mid-term exam is coming. The students each ________ (study) for the exam at present.20.Those dried flowers ________ (not sell) as well as the fresh ones.21.Every day the supermarket ________ (close) at 9:00 p. m.22.Ten kilometers ________ (seem) a long way for the old people to walk.23. 他不仅英语说得正确，还说得流利。

主谓一致和倒装句主谓一致：一、语法一致原则1、以and或both...and...连接名词作主语时，如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形式；如果该并列主语指的是同一个人或事物（即and后面的名词前没有冠词），则谓语动词要用单数形式。

and连接并列主语，若前面有each, every, many a, no等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Eating vegetables and doing exercise are good for our health.The teacher and writer is coming to give us a report next week..Each boy and each girl has got a present.2、不定代词another, each one, either, neither, the other, somebody, someone, something, nobody, everybody, everyone, everything, nothing, anybody, anything, anyone no one等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Everyone is getting ready for the exam.3、主语后面跟with, along with, like, except, besides, as well as, together with, including, no less than, rather than, as much as等词或短语时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。

如：Mei Mei, together with her parents, often goes to the park on Sunday.4、a number of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the number of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

主谓一致与倒装句主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它要求句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致错误会导致句子的构成混乱，影响语言的准确性和流畅性。

另外，在一些特定的情况下，倒装句也被广泛应用。

本文将详细探讨主谓一致和倒装句的使用规则和例子。

一、主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

一般来说，如果主语是单数第三人称，则谓语动词需要加上-s或-es；如果主语是复数，谓语动词则保持原形。

主谓一致错误的例子如下：1. 错误：He like coffee. (正确：He likes coffee.)2. 错误：The dogs is barking. (正确：The dogs are barking.)二、主谓一致规则1. 单数主语：单数主语需要用单数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- The sun shines brightly.- My friend plays the piano.2. 复数主语：复数主语需要用复数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- The students are studying for the exam.- Cats like to chase mice.3. 不可数名词：不可数名词作为主语时，需要用单数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- Water is essential for life.- Music brings people joy.4. 主语连接词：如果主语由两个或更多的部分组成，用and连接，那么需要用复数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- Tom and Jerry are good friends.- His parents work in a hospital.5. 复数名词指一类事物：当复数名词指代一类事物时，需要用单数形式的谓语动词。

例子：- Mathematics is my favorite subject.- Politics is a sensitive topic.三、倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前的句子结构。

中考英语复习：主谓一致和倒装句从单项选择到书面表达，都可能涉及到主谓一致的题，是中考试卷必考题目。

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。

语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。

意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致，即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。

就近一致原则也叫邻近原则，是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点，在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例，尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响，因此也是中考复习的重点。

语法一致原则谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也为复数形式。

如：The boy is clever enough to study maths well.这个男孩够聪明，可以把数学学好。

Everybody in my class tries to do well in English.我们班每个人都努力学好英语。

下列情况谓语动词只能用单数：1）不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：Water is very important to the trees.水对树来说非常重要。

2）动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

如：To improve your English is the most important work.提高你的英语是最重要的工作。

Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。

主谓一致主谓一致（concord），是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。

英语中动词be的变化形式最多，如I am，You are，He is，We are等。

主语I一定要用am的动词形式，这就叫‚主谓一致‛。

主谓一致的三个原则：主谓一致涉及三个基本原则，即语法一致原则（principle of grammatical concord）、意义一致原则（principle of notional concord）和就近原则（principle of proximity）。

一、语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也采用复数形式。

1.当and或both ...and...连接两个或多个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

Tom and Mike are good friends.汤姆和迈克是好朋友。

Both Lucy and Lily are students.露西和丽丽都是学生。

2.不定代词either, neither, each one, the other, another, anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Is there anything wrong with your bike? 你的自行车有什么毛病吗？Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.大家都为运动会做好了准备。

3.由each,each...and each...,every...and every...,every...作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Each boy and each girl was given a new book.每个男孩和女孩都收到了一本新书。

中考英语专题复习之主谓一致和倒装句一、主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。

1.语法一致原则指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

a.单数名词、不定式、动名词、不定代词、从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；b.主语后接with,along with,as well as,including,besides,like,except,but等短语时，谓语动词的单复数只与介词前的名词有关。

c.常以复数形式出现的名词（shoes,clothes,glasses,gloves等）作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数，但这些名词前被a pair of修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。

d.a number of+名词复数(许多)，作主语，谓语用复数；the number of+名词复数（…的数量），作主语，谓语用单数。

e.the +形容词，表示一类人，作主语，谓语用复数；f.a lot of,lots of,plenty of+名词,分数/百分数+of+名词作主语,谓语动词与后面的名词保持一致；g.在定语从句中，关系代词that,who,which等作主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致；h.在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语保持一致；i.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

j.and或both…and…连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

k.单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。

2.意义一致原则指谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要看主语所表达的概念。

a.police,people等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；b.news,physics,maths以及以s结尾的书名、国名作主语时，谓语用单数；c.由and连接的两个名词作主语,指同一概念时,谓语用单数. The doctor and writer is very famous.d.书名、报纸名、国家等复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数；e.one and a half后接名词复数作主语时,谓语用单数；One and a half cakes is a good meal for him.f.表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词作主语时，通常被看做一个整体，谓语用单数。

完全倒装句与主谓一致完全倒装句与主谓一致以下是店铺整理的倒装句中完全倒装的四种句型及主谓一致讲解，希望对大家有所帮助一、完全倒装的四种主要类型1. here 和there位于句首时的倒装表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。

这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：Here’s Tom. 汤姆在这里。

There’s Jim. 吉姆在那儿。

Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。

There goes the bell. 铃响了。

There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。

【注意】(1) 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说 Here is coming the bus。

(2) 若主语为代词，则不倒装：Here I am. 我在这儿。

/ 我来了。

Here it comes. 它来了。

(3) 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)：There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。

Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫比夫。

2. away和down等位于句首时的倒装地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。

这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。

Round and round flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。

The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了，史密斯先生进了来。

Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。

倒装句主谓一致口诀倒装句是英语语法中常见的一种句式，它将谓语动词放在主语之前，从而达到强调、修辞或语气的目的。

在倒装句中，主谓一致是非常重要的语法规则，它要求谓语动词的形式与主语保持一致。

以下是一个简单的口诀，帮助记忆和理解倒装句主谓一致的规则："主谓一致，动词别犯迷糊。

单数主语，动词加-s，如：He goes to school.复数主语，动词去s，如：They go to school."这个简单的口诀可以帮助我们记住主谓一致的规则。

当主语为单数时，谓语动词需要加上-s的变化形式；而当主语为复数时，谓语动词则不需要加-s。

例如：-The cat jumps over the fence.（猫跳过了篱笆。

）-The dogs bark loudly.（狗们大声吠叫。

）此外，还有一些特殊情况需要注意：1.当主语是第三人称单数，并且以-s结尾的名词时，谓语动词不需要再加上额外的-s。

例如：-James play sbasketball.（詹姆斯打篮球。

）2.当主语是第三人称单数，并且以不发音的字母结尾（如：s,x,z,ch,sh）时，谓语动词需要加上-es的变化形式。

例如：-She watches TV every night.（她每晚看电视。

）-The box closes automatically.（盒子会自动关闭。

）3.当主语是第一人称单数或复数时，谓语动词使用基本形式，不需要加上任何变化。

例如：-I love to read books.（我喜欢读书。

）-We enjoy playing soccer.（我们喜欢踢足球。

）这个口诀可以帮助我们记住倒装句中主谓一致的规则，但在实际应用中还需要根据具体的语境和语法要求进行判断和运用。

通过不断练习和阅读，我们可以更好地掌握和理解英语语法中的各种规则。

专题十三主谓一致和倒装句Knowledge comb考点一：主谓一致(一)语法一致语法一致是指主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也必须采用复数形式。

1．以单数名词或代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

My brother is very tall.我弟弟很高。

2．主语为第三人称单数，或一些习惯用作单数名词或不可数名词的词，如money，information，clothing等，谓语动词用单数。

3．主语为单个的不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

Running is good for us.跑步对我们来说很有益处。

注：what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况下用单数形式，但如果表语是复数或what 从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词可以用复数形式。

4．由连词and或both...and连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。

Mike and Jack are good students.迈克和杰克是好学生。

注：如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。

由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no，each，every，more than a/an，many a/an修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。

The writer and scientist has come. 这位作家兼科学家已经来了。

5．主语后跟with，along with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词的数由前面主语的单复数来决定，不受短语的影响。

Mr.Brown，together with his children，has come to China.布朗先生和他的孩子们一起来到了中国。

主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦和精讲【中考主谓一致和倒装句考点聚焦】一主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和邻（就）近一致原则。

1、语法一致的原则语法一致是指主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也必须采用复数形式。

（1）主语是以下情况时，谓语动词用单数形式：不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句等。

1.Coffee more popular in western countries. 咖啡在西方国家更流行。

2.The girl under the tree my friend. 在树下的女孩是我的朋友。

3.He to school early every morning. 他每天早上上学早4.To work hard necessary for a student. 对于学生来说努力学习是必要的。

5.Doing eye exercises good for your eyes. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。

6.What he said not true. 他说的话是不对的。

What he left me are some old books. 他留给我的是一些旧书。

（2）主语是可数名词复数、复数代词，谓语动词用复数形式。

1.Some boys playing in the park. 一些男孩在公园里玩。

2.They been swimming for 2 hours. 他们已经游泳两个小时了。

（3）由and或both…and…连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

1.Both he and I right. 我和他都是对的。

2.Mr Black and Mrs Black a son called Tom. 布莱克先生和布莱克夫人有一个儿子叫汤姆。

语法速成秘籍主谓一致和倒装句的实用技巧及常见问题解答及解析语法速成秘籍：主谓一致和倒装句的实用技巧及常见问题解答及解析主谓一致（Subject-Verb Agreement）是英语语法中非常重要的一项规则，它要求主语和谓语在人称、数和时态上保持一致。

而倒装句（Inverted Sentences）则是一种特殊的语法结构，其谓语动词位于主语之前。

本文将为你介绍主谓一致和倒装句的相关技巧以及解答常见问题。

一、主谓一致的基本规则与技巧1. 一般情况下，主语和谓语动词在人称、数和时态上保持一致。

- 例如：He walks to school every day.（他每天步行上学。

）- 例如：They are playing basketball in the park.（他们正在公园里打篮球。

）2. 如果主语是以及兄弟姐妹、两个单数名词并列，并且表示同一个意思时，谓语动词用复数形式。

- 例如：Tom and Jerry are good friends.（汤姆和杰里是好朋友。

）3. 当主语由“every/each + 单数名词”构成时，谓语动词用单数形式。

- 例如：Every student has a textbook.（每个学生都有一本课本。

）4. 当主语是不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。

- 例如：Water provides us with essential nutrients.（水为我们提供了必需的营养。

）5. 当主语为集体名词时，谓语动词既可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式。

如果强调集体成员个体动作的话，谓语动词使用复数形式。

- 例如：The team is training for the championship.（团队正在训练备战冠军赛。

）- 例如：The team are arguing with each other.（团队成员正在互相争论。

）二、倒装句的基本规则与技巧1. 以副词“here”、“there”或表示地点的介词短语开头时，句子要采用倒装结构。

中考重点主谓一致与倒装句的转换中考重点：主谓一致与倒装句的转换一、主谓一致主谓一致是指在句子中主语与谓语动词在人称和数方面保持一致。

主谓一致的错误是中考中常见的语法错误之一。

下面以一些例子来说明主谓一致的用法。

1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词保持一致：- The girl sings every day.（主语是单数，谓语动词也是单数）- He runs in the park.（主语是单数，谓语动词也是单数）2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词保持一致：- The boys play soccer after school.（主语是复数，谓语动词也是复数）- They study hard for the exam.（主语是复数，谓语动词也是复数）3. 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加上-s、-es、-ies等变化：- She watches TV every evening.（主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词加上-s）- Tom teaches English at the university.（主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词不加-s）4. 当主语是不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式：- Water is important for our health.（主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式）- The information is useful in our research.（主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式）二、倒装句倒装句是指将句子的主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒，常用于强调句子中的某个部分或者表示某种情态。

下面以一些例子来说明倒装句的用法。

1. 将助动词或情态动词放在句首，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Can you swim?（原句：You can swim.）- Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.（原句：I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.）2. 将表示地点的副词或介词短语放在句首，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- In the garden stood a tall tree.（原句：A tall tree stood in the garden.）- On the table lies a book.（原句：A book lies on the table.）3. 当句子以否定词开头时，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Never have I been to Paris.（原句：I have never been to Paris.）- Under no circumstances should you give up.（原句：You should not give up under no circumstances.）4. 在某些特定句型中，主语和谓语动词的词序颠倒：- Little did I know about his plan.（原句：I knew little about his plan.）- Not only does she study English, but she also learns French.（原句：She not only studies English, but she also learns French.）总结：中考重点在于理解和运用主谓一致和倒装句。

第十三讲主谓一致和倒装句Ⅰ主谓一致在英语中，谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致，叫作主谓一致，通常采用下列三个原则来处理，即：语法一致的原则，逻辑意义一致的原则，就近（或毗邻）一致的原则。

一语法一致的原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。

主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。

但须注意下列几种情况：1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语，动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Eg:Much land has been deserted in this area in the past few years.To start smoking is quite easy,but to give it up needs courage.Reading English newspapers is a good way of improving your English.What you need most is to have a good sleep.How you can get there is a problem.注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是“复数或what从句是带有复数意义的并列结构”时，主语的谓语动词用复数。

Eg:What I bought were three English books.What I say and do is(are) helpful for you.2.由and,或both…and…来连接并列主语时，谓语用复数。

Eg:Swimming and walking are good exercises.He and I were classmates when we were atcollege.Both John and Ann have got pen-friends.注意：1)并列主语如果表示同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式（这时and后的名词前没有冠词）。

主谓一致和倒装句主谓一致一．就近原则：在not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be…句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。

例：1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.二．集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数；指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。

例：1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .三．当两个名词用with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

例：1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四．当each, neither, either 以及由every, any, no, some 与one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。

知识清单：常考知识点：一：语法一致原则：1．用and和both连接主语的时候，谓语动词用复数形式。

2．不定代词 either, neither, each one, the other, another, anybody, anyone, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone,everybody, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语的时候，谓语动词用单数形式。

3．由each, each……and, each…, every, every…and, every…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

4．主语后面接有：with, along with, together with, as well as, no less than, more than, including, besides, like, except, but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数由主语单复数形式决定。

5．“a number of +名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of + 名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

6．“a lot of (lots of, plenty of, a pile of, piles of, most of)+ 名词”和“百分数或分数+ 名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词；若是不可数名词则用谓语动词单数形式；若是可数名词复数，则用谓语动词复数形式。

7．由“a pair (a kind, a series…)+ of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds…)+ of + 复数名词”作主语时，位于动词用复数形式。

8．某些只有复数形式的名词 (如clothes, trousers, shorts, pants, shoes, gloves…)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

中的倒装句与主谓一致倒装句与主谓一致在英语语法中，倒装句与主谓一致是两个常见的语法现象。

倒装句在构造上与正常语序（主语+谓语）不同，而主谓一致则是指主语与谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。

本文将详细介绍倒装句与主谓一致的用法及示例。

一、什么是倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前的句子结构。

一般而言，倒装句的常见情形有以下几种：1. 在以副词或短语开头的句子中，如："Had I known the truth, I would have acted differently." （如果我早知道真相，我会采取不同的行动。

）"Under no circumstances can you leave the building." （在任何情况下，你都不能离开大楼。

）2. 在以介词短语开头的句子中，如："On the table sits a beautiful vase." （桌子上摆着一个漂亮的花瓶。

）"In front of the house stood a tall tree." （房子前面矗立着一棵高大的树。

）3. 在表示否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时，如："Never have I seen such a breathtaking sunset." （我从未见过如此美丽的日落。

）"Little did he know about their plans." （他对他们的计划一无所知。

）二、倒装句的作用和表达方式倒装句的主要作用是为了强调句子中的某一成分，增强语气或改变句子的结构。

根据不同的句型和语法规则，倒装句的表达方式可以是完全倒装、部分倒装或否定倒装。

1. 完全倒装完全倒装是指将整个谓语动词与主语调换位置，形成倒装句。

例如："Can you swim?" → "Swim you can?" （你会游泳吗？→ 你能游泳吗？）"Is he coming?" → "Coming is he?" （他要来吗？→ 他要来吗？）2. 部分倒装部分倒装是指将助动词、情态动词或系动词与主语调换位置，而将实义动词或其他成分保持不变。

倒装句是高考英语的必考考点。

句子谓语动词的人称和数应与句子的主语保持一致，但是当把正常语序变成倒装语序时，由于受到前置句子成分中名词或代词等成分的单复数形式的影响，一些学生常常把谓语动词的人称和数弄错。

本文结合典型例句探究了倒装句中的主谓一致问题，以帮助学生避免出错。

要点1：副词(down,there,out,here,up 等)，时间副词(next,now,then 等)，地点介词(home,anywhere,there,abroad 等)被放于句首时。

例1：Around the boy _________sitting some strangers,which made him afraid.解析：were 。

正确解答本题需要首先找到句子的主语，可先写出句子的正常语序：Some strangers weresitting around the boy,which made the boy afraid.由此可知，本句的主语是some strangers ，空格处应填were 。

有些考生由于受句中the boy 的影响而写出了错误答案was 。

请比较下面两个例句：例2：There sit three adults and one disabled person.(谓语的人称和数遵循意义一致的原则)例3：There are three adults and one disabled per⁃son in her home.(谓语的人称和数遵循就近一致原则)要点2：表语或表示地点的状语置于句首时。

例4：Between the two mountains stands a large arse⁃nal.例5：On the windowsill seems to be crawling aswarm of bees.要点3：no sooner...than,hardly...when,not only...but also 在引导两个分句时，若no sooner,hardly,not only 等置于句子的最前面时，第一个句子应用部分倒装结构，第二个句子使用陈述句语序，第一个和第二个分句的谓语的人称和数与各自所在分句的主语在人称和数上保持一致。