20050年01月试卷

全国2005年1月高等教育自学考试科学·技术·社会试题课程代码：00395一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题1分，共16分)1.下列选项中，不属于科学技术的社会功能的是( )。

A.科学技术的生产力功能B.科学技术的认知功能C.科学技术的决策功能D.科学技术的社会变革功能2.《科学·技术·社会》课程的教学内容中不包括( )。

A.STS教育B.科学技术史C.科学技术概论D.科学技术社会学3.有关太阳黑子记录最早的国家是( )。

A.古希腊B.古代中国C.古埃及D.古印度4.道尔顿提出了著名的( )。

A.分子学说B.元素周期律C.原子学说D.元气学说5.发现电子的科学家是( )。

A.伦琴B.居里夫人C.麦克斯韦D.汤姆逊6.微观客体不具有( )。

A.量子性B.连续性C.几率性D.波粒二象性7.提出相对论的物理学家是( )。

A.普朗克B.麦克斯韦C.爱因斯坦D.狄拉克8.生物主要的遗传物质基础是( )。

A.蛋白质B.RNAC.脱氧核糖核酸D.酶9.下列关于大地构造的学说中，不正确的是( )。

A.海底扩张说B.海陆固定说C.板块构造说D.大陆漂移说10.下列选项中，不是激光特性的是( )。

A.相干性好B.单色性好C.方向性好D.强度大11.科技成果转化为现实生产力的物质保证是( )。

A.体制条件B.政策条件C.人才条件D.资金条件12.在现代，生产、技术、科学三者的相互作用机制是( )。

A.生产→技术→科学B.技术→科学→生产C.技术→生产→科学D.科学→技术→生产13.实现经济的粗放型增长方式向集约型增长方式转变的根本途径是( )。

A.技术创新B.增加投资C.政策支持D.发展第三产业14.当代环境问题，具有广泛性和综合性的特点，其实质是( )。

A.经济和社会发展问题B.人与环境的冲突问题C.科学技术的负面影响问题D.资源短缺和浪费问题15.被视为继报刊、广播、电视之后的第四大传媒指的是( )。

英语作文常用谚语、俗语1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。

2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。

3、All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。

4、All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。

5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。

7、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。

8、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。

9、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

10、A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。

11、A A good good good beginning beginning beginning is is is half half half done. done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。

12、A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。

13、A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。

14、A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。

15、A mother's love never changes. 母爱永恒。

16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。

一花独放不是17、A single flower does not make a spring.春，百花齐放春满园。

更多试卷下载请访问：/2005年01月托福语法全真题及答案2005年01月语法题【改错部分】1-15、选择部分省略16. In the eighteenth century, quilting became a common technique in the American colonies for make of coverlets sewed in floral and geometric designs.答案：C->改为making测试点：介词＋宾语分析：for doing sth 为了作某事，介词for后面不能接动词原型make，需要改成doing。

参考译文：在18世纪的时候，在被子上面绣花变成了一种常见的技术，用来在床罩上面绣花和几何图案。

17. The computer’s complex circuitry is miniaturized inside silicon chips, wafer-thin silicon crystals with circuits electronic etched onto them.答案：C->改为electric circuits测试点：形容词修饰顺序分析：形容词修饰名词通常都放在名次前面，eg；a red apple；anything, something除外。

参考译文：电脑的复杂的回路微缩在硅芯片里面，就是刻蚀了电路的薄薄的硅片。

18. Centrifuges are widely use to separate liquids having different densities or to separate solids from liquids.答案：A->改为used测试点：动词的被动语态分析：be used to do sth 是use的被动用法参考译文：分液漏斗广泛用于吧不同密度的液体分开或者把固体和液体分开。

绝密★启用前2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 管理类专业学位联考综合试卷考生需知1.选择题的答案需用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。

2.其它题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在制定位置的答案无效。

3.交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。

否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

一．问题求解：第1‐12小题，每小题4分，共48分，下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的，请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑1.甲、乙两个储煤仓的库存煤量之比为10：7.要使这两仓库的库存煤量相等，甲仓库需向乙仓库搬入的煤量占甲仓库库存煤量的A 10%B 15%C 20%D 25%E 30%2.已知队伍排成长度为800米的队伍行军，速度为80米/分，车队首的通讯员以3倍于行军的速度跑步到队尾。

花一分钟传达首长命令后，立即以同样的速度跑回到队首。

在这往返全过程中通讯员所花费的时间为A 6.5分B 7.5分C 8分D 8.5分E 10分3.满足不等式（x+4）（x+6）+3＞0的所以实数x 的集合是A [4,)+∞B (4,)+∞C (,2]-∞-D (,1)-∞-E (,)-∞+∞4. 'f x （）=g(x)，x ∈（a ，b ），已知曲线y=g （x ）的图像如下，则曲线f （x ）的极值点为 A 1C ，3C B 2C ，4C C 1C ，3C ，5C D 2C ，4C ，5CE 以上结论都不正确5.设f（x，y）=222x +y t x e dt ⎰，则N xy f x y =（，） A 22222x +y x x +y e （）（） B 22222x +y xy x +y e （）（）C 822222x +y xy x +y e （）（）D 22222x +y y x +y e （）（）6.过抛物线y= 2-x +4x-3上两点（0，‐3），（3，0）的两条切线与X 轴所围成图形的面积是A 49B 278C 94D 827E 2747.函数f （x ）= t x0e dt 1-t ⎰， 10f x dt ⎰（）的值为A e ‐1B 1‐eC e 1-eD eE 18.已知n 维向量组1α，2α，3α线性无关，1β可由1α，2α，3α线性表示，2β不能被1α，2α，3α线性表示，则下列结论不正确的是A 向量组1α，2α，3α，1β线性相关B 向量组1α，2α，3α，2β线性无关C 向量组1α，2α，3α，1β，2β线性相关D 向量组1α，2α，3α，1β‐2β线性相关E 向量组1α，2α，3α，1β+2β线性无关9.设A=123011abc ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦，且r （A ）=2，则a A x=0的通集是 A 1k 10a ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦ B 12k 1b ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦ C 13k 1c ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦D 11k 0a ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦+22k 1b ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦（注：1k ，2k 为任意常数）10.若P （A ）=1P A B 2⋃（）=0.3，则P （B A ）= A 13 B 25 C 37 D 12 E 5811.以一种检验方法诊断癌症，真患癌症跟未患癌症者被诊断正确的概率分别为0.95和0.90。

2005年高考理综全国1卷试题及答案609652005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试（全国卷一）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.第I卷（选择题共24分）注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能在答在试题卷上。

3．本卷共21小题，每小题6分，共126分。

以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量（原子量）：C 12 O 16 Na 23一、选择题（本题包括13小题。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意）6．下列分子中所有原子都满足最外层为8电子结构的是（）A．BF3B．H2O C．SiCl4 D．PCl57．等物质的量的主族金属A、B、C分别与足量的稀盐酸反应，所得氢气的体积依次为V A、V B、V C，已知V B=2V C，且V A=V B+V C，则在C的生成物中，该金属元素的化合价为（）A．+1 B．+2 C．+3 D．+48．已知Q与R的摩尔质量之比为9:22，在反应X+2Y=2Q+R中，当1.6g X与Y完全反应后，生成4.4g R，则参与反应的Y和生成物Q的质量之比为（）A．46 : 9 B．32 : 9 C．23 : 9 D．16 : 99．下列说法中正确的是（）A．非金属元素呈现的最高化合价不超过该元素原子的最外层电子数B．非金属元素呈现的最低化合价，其绝对值等于该元素原子的最外层电子数C．最外层有2个电子的原子都是金属原子D．最外层有5个电子的原子都是非金属原子10．在pH=1的溶液中，可以大量共存的离子是（）A．K+、Na+、SO42—、S2O32—B．NH4+、Mg2+、SO42—、Cl—C．Na+、K+、HCO3—、Cl—D．K+、Na+、AlO2—、NO3—11．关于电解NaCl水溶液，下列叙述正确的是（）A．电解时在阳极得到氯气，在阴极得到金属钠B．若在阳极附近的溶液中滴入KI溶液，溶液呈棕色C．若在阴极附近的溶液中滴入酚酞试液，溶液呈无色D．电解一段时间后，将全部电解液转移到烧杯中，充分搅拌后溶液呈中性12．右图是温度和压强对X+Y 2Z反应影响的示意图。

2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。

请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选图其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.15.C. £9.18.答案是B。

1.How much will the woman pay if she buys two skirts?A. $18.B. $19.C. $20.2.What will the speakers discuss?A. A report.B. A computer.C. A report on computer.3.What are the speakers talking about?A. A child.B. A room.C. A present.4.What can we learn from this conversation?A. The woman does not get along well with the man.B. The woman does not get along well with her roommate.C. T he man will talk with the woman’s roommate.5.Where are the two speakers now?A. On the first floor.B. On the fourth floor.C. On the fifth floor.第二节（共15小题，每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

托福05年01月5月8月真题答案第一篇：托福 05年01月5月8月真题答案2005年1月听力bcdbd cddad bcdda abbdc bdcba aaCdc bcacc bdaba bcbda ccdab语法bcdbc bcacb cbdcb ccabd cbabd adaca bcdcd bcbdc 阅读Dcaac cdaaB bdcac aAdbd cbBca cadda bcdaa cbbdD dbabd cdcBb2005年5月听力ADABA ABABB BCDBC DCBAD CBABC DADCC CBACC ADBBC DCBDA CABBD 语法BADBC ACBCD ACACC DCDBD CDBDC ADBDB DACDB DADBD 阅读ABCBD DDCAD BDCDA ACDAB DCBDB CADDB ACCBC ABDDD ACAAD CCBDC2005年08月听力DCBDA ABBDD BDDCB ACBDB CABAC DDAAC BCCBA ABDDB BCADC BBBAD语法ACDAB DBDAB CDABB ADADC BBCBC DCCBD ACBBD CDDDC阅读ACBAC BADCA BBCDB BDBAC DBADD ACBCC DBBAC DACBC AABCD DDCBB第二篇：2005年10月份托福阅读真题及答案（推荐）Question 11-21: Printmaking is the generic term for a number of processes, of which woodcut and engraving are two prime examples.Prints are made by pressing a sheet of paper(or other material)against an image-bearing surface to which ink has been applied.When the paper is removed, the image adheres toit, but in reverse.The woodcut had been used in China from the fifth century A.D.for applying patterns to textiles.The process was not introduced into Europe until the fourteenth century, first for textile decoration and then for printing on paper.Woodcuts are created by a relief process;first, the artist takes a block of wood, which has been sawed parallel to the grain, covers it with a white ground, and then draws the image in ink.The background is carved away, leaving the design area slightly raised.The woodblock is inked, and the ink adheres to the raised image.It is then transferred to damp paper either by hand or with a printing press.Engraving, which grew out of the goldsmith's art, originated in Germany and northern Italy in the middle of the fifteenth century.It is an intaglio process(from Italian intagliare, “to carve”).The image is incised into a highly polished metal plate, usually copper, with a cutting instrument, or burin.The artist inks the plate and wipes it clean so that some ink remains in the incised grooves.An impression is made on damp paper in a printing press, with sufficient pressure being applied so that the paper picks up the ink.Both woodcut and engraving have distinctive characteristics.Engraving lends itself to subtle modeling and shading through the use of fine lines.Hatching and cross-hatching determine the degree of light and shade in a print.Woodcuts tend to be more linear, with sharper contrasts between light and dark.Printmaking is well suited to the production of multiple images.A set of multiples is called an edition.Both methods can yield several hundred good-quality prints before the original block or plate begins to show signs of wear.Mass production of prints in the sixteenth century made images available, at a lower cost, to a much broader public than before.11.What does the passage mainly discuss? A.The originsof textile decoration B.The characteristics of good-quality printsC.Two types of printmakingD.Types of paper used in printmaking12.The word “prime” in line 2 is closest in meaning toA.principalplexC.generalD.recent 13.The author's purposes in paragraph 2 is to describe A.the woodcuts found in China in the fifth century B.the use of woodcuts in the textile industry C.the process involved in creating a woodcut D.the introduction of woodcuts to Europe 14.The word “incised” in line 15 is closest in meaning to A.burned B.cut C.framed D.baked15.Which of the following terms is defined in the passage/A.“patterns”(line 5)B.“grain”(line 8)C.“burin”(line16)D.“grooves”(line 17)16.The word “distinctive” in line 19 is closest in meaning to A.unique B.accurate C.irregular D.similar 17.According to the passage, all of the following are true about engraving EXCEPT that it A.developed from the art of the goldsmiths B.requires that the paper be cut with a burin C.originated in the fifteenth century D.involves carving into a metal plate 18.The word “yield” in line 23 is closest in meaning to A.imitate B.produce C.revise D.contrast 19.According to the passage, what do woodcut and engraving have in common?A.Their designs are slightly raised.B.They achieve contrast through hatching and cross-hatching.C.They were first used in Europe.D.They allow multiple copies to be produced from one original.20.According to the author, what made it possible for members of the general public to own prints in the sixteenth century? A.Prints could be made at low cost.B.The quality of paper and ink had improved.C.Many people became involved in the printmaking industry.D.Decreased demand for prints kept prices affordable.21.According to the passage, all of the following are true about prints EXCEPT that they A.can be reproduced onmaterials other than paper B.are created from a reversed image C.show variations between light and dark shades D.require a printing pressQuestions 22-31: The first peoples to inhabit what today is the southeastern United States sustained themselves as hunters and gathers.Sometimes early in the first millennium A.D., however, they began to cultivate corn and other crops.Gradually, as they became more skilled at gardening, they settled into permanent villages and developed a rich culture, characterized by the great earthen mounds they erected as monuments to their gods and as tombs for their distinguished dead.Most of these early mound builders were part of the Adena-Hopewell culture, which had its beginnings near the Ohio River and takes its name from sites in Ohio.The culture spread southward into the present-day states of Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida.Its peoples became great traders, bartering jewellery, pottery, animal pelts, tools, and other goods along extensive trading networks that stretched up and down eastern North America and as far west as the Rocky Mountains.About A.D.400, the Hopewell culture fell into decay.Over the next centuries, it was supplanted by another culture, the Mississippian, named after the river along which many of its earliest villages were located.This complex civilization dominated the Southeast from about A.D.700 until shortly before the Europeans began arriving in the sixteenth century.At the peak of its strength, about the year 1200, it was the most advanced culture in North America.Like their Hopewell predecessors, the Mississippians became highly skilled at growing food, although on a grander scale.They developed an improved strain of corn, which could survive in wet soil and a relatively cool climate, and also learned to cultivate beans.Indeed, agriculture became soimportant to the Mississippians that it became closely associated with the Sun---the guarantor of good crops.Many tribes called themselves “children of the Sun” and believed their omnipotent priest-chiefs were descendants of the great sun god.Although most Mississippians lived in small villages, many others inhabited large towns.Most of these towns boasted at least one major flat-topped mound on which stood a temple that contained a sacred flame.Only priests and those charged with guarding the flame could enter the temples.The mounds also served as ceremonial and trading sites, and at times they were used as burial grounds.22.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.The development of agricultureB.The locations of towns and villagesC.The early people and cultures of the United StatesD.The construction of burial mounds 23.Which of the following resulted from the rise of agriculture in the southeastern United States? A.The development of trade in North America B.The establishment of permanent settlements C.Conflicts with other Native American groups over land D.A migration of these peoples to the Rocky Mountains.24.What does the term “Adena-Hopewell”(line 7)designate? A.The early locations of the Adena-Hopewell culture B.The two most important nations of the Adena-Hopewell culture C.Two former leaders who were honored with large burial mounds.D.Two important trade routes in eastern North America 25.The word “bartering” in line 9 is closest in meaning to A.producing B.exchanging C.transporting D.loading 26.The word “supplanted” in line 13 is closest in meaning to A.conquered B.preceded C.replaced D.imitated 27.According to the passage, when did the Mississippian culture reach its highest point of development? A.About A.D.400 B.Between A.D.400 AND A.D.700 C.About A.D.1200 D.In thesixteenth century 28.According to the passage, how did the agriculture of the Mississippians differ from that of their Hopewell predecessors? A.The Mississippians produced more durable and larger crops of food.B.The Mississippians sold their food to other groups.C.The Mississippians could only grow plants in warm, dry climates.D.The Mississippians produced special foods for their religious leaders.29.Why does the author mention that many Mississippians tribes called themselves “children of the Sun”(line 22)? A.To explain why they were obedient to their priest-chiefs.B.T o argue about the importance of religion in their culture.C.To illustrate the great importance they placed on agriculture.D.To provide an example of their religious rituals.30.The phrase “charged with” in line 26 is closest in meaning to A.passed on B.experienced at C.interested in D.assigned to 31.According to the passage, the flat-topped mounds in Mississippian towns were used for all of the following purposes EXCEPT A.religious ceremonies B.meeting places for the entire community C.sites for commerce D.burial sites Question 32-40: Overland transport in the United States was still extremely primitive in 1790.Roads were few and short, usually extending from inland communities to the nearest river town or seaport.Nearly all interstate commerce was carried out by sailing ships that served the bays and harbors of the seaboard.Yet, in 1790 the nation was on the threshold of a new era of road development.Unable to finance road construction, states turned for help to private companies, organized by merchants and land speculators who had a personal interest in improved communications with the interior.The pioneer in this move was the state of Pennsylvania, which chartered a company in 1792 to construct a turnpike, a road for the use of which a toll, or payment,is collected, from Philadelphia to Lancaster.The legislature gave the company the authority to erect tollgates at points along the road where payment would be collected, though it carefully regulated the rates.(The states had unquestioned authority to regulate private business in this period.)The company built a gravel road within two years, and the success of the Lancaster Pike encouraged imitation.Northern states generally relied on private companies to build their toll roads, but Virginia constructed a network at public expense.Such was the road building fever that by 1810 New York alone had some 1,500 miles of turnpikes extending from the Atlantic to Lake Erie.Transportation on these early turnpikes consisted of freight carrier wagons and passenger stagecoaches.The most common road freight carrier was the Conestoga wagon, a vehicle developed in the mid-eighteenth century by German immigrants in the area around Lancaster, Pennsylvania.It featured large, broad wheels able to negotiate all but the deepest ruts and holes, and its round bottom prevented the freight from shifting on a hill.Covered with canvas and drawn by four to six horses, the Conestoga wagon rivaled the log cabin as the primary symbol of the frontier.Passengers traveled in a variety of stagecoaches, the most common of which had four benches, each holding three persons.It was only a platform on wheels, with no springs;slender poles held up the top, and leather curtains kept out dust and rain.32.Paragraph 1 discusses early road building in the United States mainly in terms of the A.popularity of turnpikes B.financing of new roads C.development of the interior ws governing road use 33.The word “primitive” in line 1 is closest in meaning to A.unsafe B.unknown C.inexpensive D.undeveloped 34.In 1790 most roads connected towns in the interior of the country withA.other inland communitiesB.towns in other statesC.river towns or seaportsD.construction sites 35.The phrase “on the threshold of” in line 4 and 5 is closest in meaning to A.in need of B.in place of C.at the start of D.with the purpose of 36.According to the passage, why did states want private companies to help with road building? A.The states could not afford to build roads themselves.B.The states were not as well equipped as private companies.C.Private companies could complete roads faster than the states.D.Private companies had greater knowledge of the interior.37.The word “it” in line 11 refers to A.legislature pany C.authority D.payment 38.The word “imitation” in line 14 is closest in meaning to A.investment B.suggestion C.increasing D.copying 39.Virginia is mentioned as an example of a state that A.built roads without tollgates B.built roads with government money pleted 1,500 miles of turnpikes in one year D.introduced new law restricti ng road use 40.The “large, broad wheels” of the Conestoga wagon are mentioned in line 21 as an example of a feature of wagons that was A.unusual in mid-eighteenth century vehicles B.first found in Germany C.effective on roads with uneven surfaces D.responsible for frequent damage to freightQuestion 41-50: In Death Valley, California, one of the hottest, most arid places in North America, there is much salt, and salt can damage rocks impressively.Inhabitants of areas elsewhere, where streets and highways are salted to control ice, are familiar with the resulting rust and deterioration on cars.That attests to the chemically corrosive nature of salt, but it is not the way salt destroys rocks.Salt breaks rocks apart principally by a process called crystal prying and wedging.This happens not by soaking the rocks in salt water, but by moistening their bottoms with saltwater.Such conditions exist in many areas along the eastern edge of central Death Valley.There, salty water rises from the groundwater table by capillary action through tiny spaces in sediment until it reaches the surface.Most stones have capillary passages that suck salt water from the wet ground.Death Valley provides an ultra-dry atmosphere and high daily temperatures, which promote evaporation and the formation of salt crystals along the cracks or other openings within stones.These crystals grow as long as salt water is available.Like tree roots breaking up a sidewalk, the growing crystals exert pressure on the rock and eventually pry the rock apart along planes of weakness, such as banding in metamorphic rocks, bedding in sedimentary rocks, or preexisting or incipient fractions, and along boundaries between individual mineral crystals or grains.Besides crystal growth, the expansion of halite crystals(the same as everyday table salt)by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration can contribute additional stresses.A rock durable enough to have withstood natural conditions for a very long time in other areas could probably be shattered into small pieces by salt weathering within a few generations.The dominant salt in Death Valley is halite, or sodium chloride, but other salts, mostly carbonates and sulfates, also cause prying and wedging, as does ordinary ice.Weathering by a variety of salts, though often subtle, is a worldwide phenomenon.Not restricted to arid regions, intense salt weathering occurs mostly in salt-rich places like the seashore, near the large saline lakes in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica, and in desert sections of Australia, New Zealand, and central Asia.41.What is the passage mainly about? A.The destructive effects of salt on rocks.B.The impressive salt rocks in Death Valley.C.The amount of salt produced in Death Valley.D.Thedamaging effects of salt on roads and highways.42.The word “it” in line 9 refers to A.salty water B.groundwater table C.capillary action D.sediment 43.The word “exert” in line 14 is closest in meaning to A.put B.reduce C.replace D.control 44.In lines 13-17, why does the author compare tree roots with growing salt crystals? A.They both force hard surfaces to crack.B.They both grow as long as water is available.C.They both react quickly to a rise in temperature.D.They both cause salty water to rise from the groundwater table.45.In lines 17-18, the author mentions the “expansion of halite crystals...by heating and of sulfates and similar salts by hydration” in order to A.present an alternative theory about crystal growth B.explain how some rocks are not affected by salt C.simplify the explanation of crystal prying and wedging D.introduce additional means by which crystals destroy rocks 46.The word “durable” in line 19 is closest in meaning to rge B.strong C.flexible D.pressured 47.The word “shattered” in line 20 is closest in meaning to A.arranged B.dissolved C.broken apart D.gathered together 48.The word “dominant” in line 22 is closest in meaning to A.most recent B.most common C.least available D.least damaging 49.According to the passage, which of the following is true about the effects of salts on rocks?A.Only two types of salts cause prying and wedging.B.Salts usually cause damage only in combination with ice.C.A variety of salts in all kinds of environments can cause weathering.D.Salt damage at the seashore is more severe than salt damage in Death Valley, 50.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about rocks that are found in areas where ice is common?A.They are protected from weathering.B.They do not allow capillary action of water.C.They show similar kinds of damage as rocks in Death Valley.D.They contain more carbonates thansulfates.答案CACBC ABBDA DCBAB CCACD BBDCC AADBC AAAAD BCBCC 第三篇：托福历年词汇真题近义词汇总历年词汇真题Inaccessible 难以接近的：unreachable Extracting 提取，提炼：removing Strength 基础：basis Surging 激增，迅速上升：accelerating Trend 倾向，趋势：tendency Peak 最高点，最高峰：maximum Prior to 在前，局先：preceding Advocates 提倡者，赞成者：proponents Unsubstantiated 无确实根据的，未经证实的：unverified Maintain 维持：preserve Considerable 极其，相当，大量：substantial Enactment 制定，执行：performance Staggering 令人惊愕的：overwhelming Devastated 毁坏：ruined Demonstrate 证明，示威：showed Extend 延伸，扩展：stretch Vast 巨大的，辽阔的：large Sparked 发动，鼓舞：brought about Potential 潜在的，可能的：possible Outstanding 突出的，显著的：excellent Account for 解释，说明：explain Picking up 沿着：following A supremacy至高，霸权：a dominance Supplanted代替：replaced Myriad无数:many Supreme最高的：most outstanding Settle解决，决定：decide Ascending 上升，攀登：climbing Solemn 严肃的：serious Composed创作，作曲：created Scores 乐谱：music composition Comprises 包含，由，构成：consists of Intense 剧烈的：extreme Margins 空白：edges Support 支撑：hold Appreciation 感激，评价，欣赏：recognition Bias 偏见：prejudice Prevailing 流行的：most frequent Accumulated 积聚，堆积：collected Related 有关系得：connected Supported 支撑：upheld Forward-looking 向前看的：progressive 进步的Rudimentary 不发达的，未发展的：undeveloped Sole 唯一的：only Subsidizes 资助：finance Rotates 旋转：alternates Implements 玩具：tools Clues 线索：information Hemispheres 半球：sides Subject to 遭受：susceptible to Puncture 刺穿：pierce Dramatic 戏剧性的，显著的：striking Characterized 不同，区别于其他：distinguished Bizarre 古怪的：odd Casts off 抛弃：gets rid of Homogeneous 一致的，同一的：uniform Largely renounces 基本上拒绝：generally rejects Prevail 流行，支配控制：dominates Subtle 轻微的，精细的：slight Compile 收集，积累：put together Raw 未加工的，为处理的：unprocessed Prospect 前景，可能性：possibility Roughly 大约地：approximately Magnify 增加，扩大：increase Distinction 不同，区别：differences Fused 结合：combined Lure 吸引：attract Placed 放置：deposited Discrete 分泌：separate Overtaxed 负担沉重的：heavily burdened Inadequate 不充足的：deficient Inevitable 不可避免地：unavoidably Lamented 不满，抱怨：complaint about First rank 最高水平：highest quality Faded from 消失于：disappeared from Novel 创新的，新颖的：innovative Stationary 固定的：fixed Vessel 船只：craft Smothering 窒息的：eliminated Coined 组成，创造：created Intervention 干预：influence Emerged 出现：appeared Outlining 概括，总结：summarizing Deliberate 仔细地：careful Demanded 需要：required Imitate 模仿：copy Comparably 相似地：similarly Inclinations 偏好，喜好 : preferences Varied 不同：differed Cumbersome 笨重地：burdensome Confined 局限：limited Framed 构造，制定：posed Supposedly 可能地，推测地：seemingly Sanitation 卫生：health Conflicting 对立的：apposing Give way to 让位于：turns into Speculate 假设：hypothesize Alternative 选择：option Imposing 要求高的，费力的：demanding Penetrate 穿过：go through Extended 增加，延长：increase Preferred 喜欢;favored Barren 贫瘠的：infertile Hard 坚硬的：firm Divergence 不同，区别：difference Durable 耐久地：long-lasting Dwelling 住所：houses Elaborately 精心地：done in a great detail Bounds 限制：limits Chance 偶然的：unplanned Integral 必要的，基本的：an essentialCarry 承担：support Concentrated 集中：clustered Effect 影响：influence Distinct 区别，不同：separate Setting 建立：establishing Ends 目标：goals Drastic 激进的：radical Extracted 提取：removed Instances 例子:cases Entombed 陷入：trapped Marked 明显的:pronounced Ushering 开始，引入：beginning Execute 执行，创造：create Domains 领域：fields Fundamental 基本的：basic Skilled 专业的：expert Presided over 管理控制：managed Celestial 天文学的：astronomical Entities 物体：objects Motifs 母题，图案：designs Rare 罕见的:infrequent Maintaining 维持：preserving T olerate 忍耐：endure Obtain 获得 get Roll back 减少 reduce Stimulating 刺激 encouraging Depressed 降低，使沮丧lowered Stringent 严厉的strict Dictates 决定determines Witnessed 看到observed A break with 分开a departure from Conserve 维持，保留retain Magnified 加强，加剧intensified Forage 觅食 feed Counteracted 否定，抵消 negated In season 应季 a particular time of year Fixture 寻常物品 commonplace object Nevertheless 但是 however Rotates 转动，改变 turns Readily 容易地，欣然地 easily Constituting 组成 making up Pits 洞，坑 holes Disputes 争论 arguments Unrestricted 不受限制的 unlimited Snap 折断break Fed 吃/放入put Exposed to 易受影响的，受支配subjected to Exert 引起，导致cause Diffuses 穿过，扩散travels Rapture 破裂burst Miniscule 微小的tiny Enables 使能够allows Aesthetically 美学的，艺术的artistically Refreshing 非同寻常的，耳目一新的unusual Devote 奉献dedicate Bound 系，绑tied Assembling 聚集 gathering Adorned 装修 decorated Attire 服装clothing Unravel 揭露 discover Mundane平凡的 ordinary Gap 空隙 opening Discards 抛弃 gets rid of Deft 灵巧的 skilled Robust 强壮的 strong Heralded 宣布 announced Position 职位 job Major 主要的principal Symmetrical 比例平衡的，对称的proportionally balanced Obvious 明显的 apparent Dominated 占支配地位的 wereprevalent in Supplements 补充 extensions Crisscross 交叉 move back and forth Skepticism 怀疑主义 doubt Subsidy 资助 financing Conjectural 猜测的based on guessing Employing 采用using Assortment 种类variety Exalted 高级的superior Ingots 银锭/块blocks of silver mixed with copper Came of age 出现了，成名了established itself Trace 痕迹imprints Exposed 暴露uncovered Adversely 逆向/反的 negatively Altered 改变 changed Noxious 有毒的，有害的 harmful Detectable 可以探测的 measurable Acute 敏锐的，剧烈的 intense Exceeded 超越 surpassed Astounding 惊讶的surprising Durable 耐久的lasting Customarily 通常usually Induced 导致 caused Remarkable 异常的 extraordinary Exerted 运用applied Restricted 限制limited Intricate 错综复杂的complex Vary 区别，不同 differ Initially 首先 at first Cohesion 凝聚力 unity Consciously 有意识地，故意地 purposely Unadorned 未装饰的，平凡的plain Consumption 消费，吃eating Constituents 组成部分components Calculated 计算，决定 determined Ceased 停止 stop Prominent 著名的 distinguished Apply to 应用于 used for Coarser 粗糙的rougher Dense 浓密的thick Thanks to 由于because of Eagerly anticipated 渴望，期待 looked forward to Properties 特征，特点 characteristics Ascribed to 归功于，认为 assumed to be true of Revolutionized 巨变，革命 dramatically changed Appeal 吸引attraction Spawned 产生，产卵created Core 核心center Embedded 镶嵌 encased Spotting 识别 identifying Dogma 信仰，教条belief Detect 发现discovered the presence of Shied away from 避免avoided Milestone 里程碑significant development Critical 关键的 essential Jolting 震动 shocking Magnitude 成都/大小 extent Attachment to 倾向于 preference for Protruding 凸出的projecting Shield 保护protect Daring 大胆bold Boosted 鼓舞raised Inhibited 阻碍hindered Counterpart 版本，对应物 version Detectable 明显的，可探测的apparent Sumptuous 奢侈的luxurious Yield 供应provide Adhere 坚持 stick Initiate 启动，开始begin Modifying 改变，限制changing Rapidity 迅速swiftness Efficiency 效率effectiveness Rear 抚养raise Scale 攀登climb Immunity 免疫，保护 protection Conspicuous 明显的 noticeable Bias 偏见 prejudice Exorbitant 丰富的 expensive Undergone 经历experienced Consorted 交往 associated Sufficient 充足 adequate Annihilate 消灭，征服 conquer Aptly 恰当的 appropriately Fashion 制造create Article 物品object Staples 基本产品basic elements Invade 侵入 move into Contemporary 当代的 existing Finely 微小的 minutely Attendant 伴随的 accompanying Exponential leaps 迅速上升rapid increases Virtually 几乎完全，实际上almost completely Pertinent 相关的 relevant Succinct 简明 concise Revise 改变change Monopolized 垄断dominated Factions 部分sides Flattering 赞美complimentary Disseminated 分散spread Accelerated 加速 increased Given way to 替代 been replaced by Reliance 依赖 dependence Picture 想象 imagine Emit 发出 give off Glowing 发光的 shining Influx 流入，到达 arrival Extraordinary 异常的exceptional Era 时代period of time Intriguing 吸引人的attractive Conclusive 总结性的definitive Preoccupation 卷入involvement Primary 基本的fundamental Entire 整个whole Bring about 引起 cause Temping 吸引人的 attractive Reckless 不负责任的irresponsible Concomitant with 同时发生的，与之伴随的in conjunction with Skyrocketing 迅速上升increasing rapidly Extolling 高度赞扬praising Roughly 大约harshly Reaped 获得gained Interchangeable 互换的，等同于 equivalent Classified 分类categorized Incinerated itself 燃烧burn up Securing 获得acquiring Implications 意义 significant Hinterland 腹地，内地贸易区 region Persisted 坚持，持续 continued Undergoing 经历，遭受experiencing Suspend 悬挂，延迟hang Fatal 致命的deadly Secure 安全的 safe Sorted out 分类，挑练 separated Dampened使潮湿 moistened Fine 细微的 tiny Derived 起源，得自 obtained Drastically 激烈的，彻底的severely Coincided with 一致，符合happened at the same time Supplement 补充add to Contemporary 当代的，同时代的 written at the same time Prized 珍视valued Overtaken 超越，胜出surpassed Intervals 间隔periods Freeing 解除 releasing Plunge 投入，跳进 drop Tangled缠结的，紊乱的twisted together Concealed 隐藏covered Avail themselves 利用make use Accordingly 因此for that reason Crucial至关重要的 important Ponderous 笨重的heavy Attained 达到，获得achieved Abundant 丰富的，充裕的plentiful Peculiar 独特的，奇异的strange Meticulously小心翼翼的 carefully Durability 经久，耐久力endurance Incised雕刻的carved Consumed消耗，吃eaten Innovative 创新的new Extract 提取，提炼remove Scorched烧焦burned Consequence 结果result Exceed超越，胜出go beyond Generated 产生cause Norm 标准standard Henceforth 今后from that time on Mandated委托统治的recommended Immutable 不可变的unchangeable Revered 尊敬respected Consist 一致的，协调的constant Intent 目的，意向 goal Administered 管理 managed Periphery 外围 outer edge Inception 起初beginning Fabricating 构成，虚构constructing Resort to 采取using Ingenuity 机灵，灵巧resourcefulness Functional 有功能的，有用的usable Significant 有意义的meaningful Attained 获得reached Flamed 燃烧burned Encompass包围，环绕 include Came to the forefront 来到最前线/变得很重要 became important Hinged on 依赖 depended on Lured 引诱attracted Expendable消费品，可以牺牲的 nonessential Notwithstanding 尽管despite Intricate 错综复杂的complex Random 任意的unpredictable Optimal 最佳的，最理想的best Urged 催促encouraged Carried on 继续 continued Diverse 不同的varied Ensures确保 guarantees Suitable 合适的，适宜的appropriately Scares 稀有rare Resemble 类似look likeCoarse 粗糙的crude Brittle易碎的，脆弱的easily broken Appreciated赏识，意识到recognized Merely 仅仅only Emitting 发出producing Spanning 跨越 cover Pursue 追赶catch Altogether 完全的completely Intensive 集中的，透彻的concentrated Prevailed 流行，盛行dominated Depicted 描述described Foremost 首要的leading Meteoric流星的，迅速的rapid Apace with 快速的，急速的as fast as Wider 宽广的more extensive Thereby 因此，在那方面by that means Unique 唯一的，独特的singular Rotting 腐烂的decaying Key 关键的important Converted 修改 changed Antecedent 先行的的，先辈predecessor Appealing 吸引人的 attractive Local 场所place Boosted推进 raised Scope 范围extent Prolific多产的，丰富的 productive Eager 热心的，渴望的enthusiastic Engaged使用，雇佣hire Subsequent后来的later Sums 总数amounts Identical同样的 exactly alike Graphic生动的，鲜明的 vivid Undoubtedly 毫无疑问的certainly Components 组成部分parts Besides 除此之外in addition to Flourished繁荣，昌盛thrived Grumbled 抱怨，牢骚complained Serve服务，适合function Sole 唯一的only Detecting 发现finding Sedentary久坐的，不活动的 inactive Subjected 受影响的exposed Essence 本质，精华basic nature Diverse 不同的different Noted 注意到 observed Emphasize 强调stress Accessible易接近的，可靠近的available Account for 解释，说明explain Smooth operation 顺利进行effective functioning Cluster 成群 group Alert 警惕 ware Scurrying 急跑，匆忙走rushing Formidable 艰难地，令人敬畏的difficult Intent 目的，意向purpose Regardless of 不管，不顾no matter what Marked 显著地noticeable Confine 限制 restrict Presumably 推测，大概 probably Sustain 支撑，持续 support Insignificant 无关紧要的unimportant Ultimately 最后，最终 eventually Demise 死亡death Convert 转变change Primarily 主要地，根本上chiefly Prevailing 流行的dominant Undergone 经历 experienced Vast 巨。

全国2005年1月高等教育自学考试合同法试题课程代码：00230一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题1分，共20分)1.下面属于从合同的是( )。

A.借款合同B.借用合同C.买卖合同D.抵押合同2.甲向某编辑部乙去函，询问该编辑部是否出版了有关司法考试的教材和参考资料，乙立即向甲邮寄了司法考试的资料五本，共120元，甲认为该书不符合其需要，拒绝接受，双方因此发生了争议。

从本案来看( )。

A.甲乙之间合同已经成立B.甲乙之间合同未成立C.甲乙双方已经完成要约和承诺阶段D.合同是否成立无法确定3.《合同法》第28条规定，“受要约人超过承诺期限发出承诺的，除要约人及时通知受要约人该承诺有效的以外，( )”。

A.为新要约B.为原要约C.为新承诺D.既不为新要约，也不为承诺4.下列选项不属于显失公平的合同的法律特征是( )。

A.合同在订立时就显失公平B.一方获得的利益超过了预期的利益C.一方获得的利益超过了法律所允许的限度D.受害人的一方在订立合同时缺乏经验或情况紧迫5.债务人提前履行给债权人增加的费用，由( )负担。

A.债权人B.债务人C.债权人和债务人共同D.无法确定6.下列选项不属于不安抗辩权成立条件的是( )。

A.双方当事人因同一双务合同而互负债务B.双方当事人因同一有偿合同而互负债务C.后给付义务人的履行能力明显降低，有不能为对待给付的现实危险D.后给付义务人未提供适当担保7.债务人放弃其到期债权并对债权人造成损害的，债权人可以行使( )。

A.代位权B.撤销权1C.解除权D.终止权8.撤销权的诉讼时效从何时开始?( )A.从权利受侵害之日起B.从债权人知道撤销事由起C.从债权人知道或应当知道撤销事由之日起D.从债务人不当处分自己的财产之日起9.定金的数额由当事人约定，但不得( )。

A.少于合同标的额的10％B.超过合同标的额的10％C.少于合同标的额的20％D.超过合同标的额的20％10.企业法人分立、合并后，其权利和义务( )。

英语作文常用谚语、俗语1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。

2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解，自欺欺人。

3、All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。

4、All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。

5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。

7、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。

8、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。

9、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

10、A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难，失朋友易。

11、A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。

12、A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。

13、A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。

14、A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。

15、A mother's love never changes. 母爱永恒。

16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果，不用请医生。

17、A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。

18、A year's plan starts with spring. 一年之计在于春。

2005年1月托福考试真题SECTION I1.(A) Listen to a weather report(B) Decide whether to cancel the trip(C) Schedule foe trip for a later date(D) Ask other students for their opinion about the trip2.(A) She plays tennis better than Jane does.(B) She prefers to study with Jane today.(C) She cannot play tennis with the roan today.(D) She cannot attend math class today.3.(A) He has not yet started his lab assignment(B) He just finished his chemistry experiment.(C) He can give the woman a ride home.(D) He is tired and wants to leave4.(A) She just received information about the art festival(B) She will help the man find information.(C) The man can easily find the information by himself.(D) The man should go to the art library.5.(A) The book does not belong to her.(B) She prefers not to lend her books to other people.(C) The man will be able to buy the book soon.(D) The man cannot borrow the book light now.6.(A) She did not buy a ticket for the concert.(B) She was not sure which band would be playing.(C) The band was better than she expected.(D) The man did not know the band well.7.(A) Read the speech to her(B) Give a different speech(C) Finish writing the rest of the speech(D) Stop worrying about the speech8.(A) She and Sally have already finished painting the apartment(B) She and Sally decided not to paint the apartment.(C)She hopes the roan will help paint the apartment.(D) She will invite the man to see the apartment after it is painted.9.(A) She will help the man with the machine soon.(B) She thinks the man should use another machine.(C) The machine takes a few minutes to warm up. (D) Something got caught in the copy machine.10.(A) Robert is taking a different class.(B) He is surprised the woman knows Robert.(C) The woman should be on the committee.(D) The woman should recommend additional people.11.(A) The book had been misplaced on the shelf.(B) He can probably get a copy of the book for the woman.(C) He will call the warehouse to see if the book is available.(D) The woman should check to see if other bookstores have the book.12.(A) She agrees with the man about got ng to the movies(B) She has heard about a good new movie.(C) She is tired of going to movies.(D) She already has plans for tonight13.(A) It was what she had expected.(B) She may need a new floor.(C) She plans to vote for Carl,(D) She was very surprised.14.(A) The space in the office is sufficient.(B) She does not like the desk.(C) Someone else wants the typewriter. .(D) She would like to have the typewriter removed.15.(A) She will go to the party.(B) She has to work tonight(C) She has no plans for this afternoon.(D) She does not know, the man's roommate.16.(A) The woman went to the wrong place,(B) The German class ended early.(C) The professor cancelled the class.(D) The woman forgot to go to class.17.(A) Make some coffee for the woman(B) Stay up late(C) Stay overnight at a friend's house(D) Finish the paper in the morning18.(A) He never shops at the local grocery store.(B) The woman should buy her produce from the farm.(C) The grocery store has higher quality produce.(D) It is cheaper to buy vegetables at the farm.19.(A) Pam wants to get a job in the infirmary.(B) Pam will come home from the infirmary on the weekend.(C) The woman should get off work early to visit Para.(D) The woman could go to theinfirmary on the weekend.20.(A) She needs to take chemistry as a requirement.(B) She was having trouble finding the chemistry room.(C) She did not realize there was a lab class.(D) She has already taken me lab class.21.(A) Apply for a new library card(B) Go get his student ID card(C) Talk to the librarian about his ID card(D) Get the library books from his room22.(A) He is not feeling well today.(B) He will be late for the theater club meeting.(C) He forgot to meet the woman at the theater.(D) He has not made the phone calls yet.23.(A) He did not expect to see so many people at the lecture.(B) The lecture did not start on time.(C) Bad weather kept many people from attending the lecture.(D) Few people knew about the lecture,24.(A) Take both sweaters along(B) Choose the warmer sweater(C) Pick the brighter-colored sweater(D) Wear a heavy coat instead of a sweater25.(A) The manager is too busy to see the man now.(B) The manager will be available before the meeting.(C) The man should come back tomorrow.(D) The man should go to the meeting.26.(A) She cannot use the computer now.(B) The man is not allowed to use the computer.(C) The library does not have the book the man needs.(D) The man probably will not enjoy the book.27.(A) The letters should have had more postage(B) The letters should have been sent by airmail.(C) Airmail rates have gotten too high.(D) The man should have waited to mail the letters. 28.(A) She wants one sandwich because she is nearly full,(B) She is ready to leave as soon as the ship gets here.(C) She recently learned her school expenses win be paid next year.(D) She is surprised there is only one scholarship awarded each year.29.(A) Kathy helped the man find a good car.(B) The man needs more time to decide about a car.(C) The man is definitely going to buy Kathy's car.(D) The man was not satisfied with the car he bought from Kathy.30.(A) Study outside(B) Finish studying before going outside(C) Go outside now and enjoy the weather(D) Stay inside until the weather improves31(A) Drive her mother to the theater(B) Take care of her little brother(C) Come to the theater with her(D) Help her prepare for a class presentation32.(A) He was difficult to understand.(B) He made her laugh.(C) He seemed well prepared.(D) He seemed nervous.33.(A) It was a funny incident.(B) He has made the same mistake before.(C) He is worried that it will happen again.(D) The woman should be more honest with him.34.(A) To baby-sit her little brother(B) To study with Joe(C) To see a play(D) To watch a video35.(A) To help students improve their grades(B) To start a new student magazine(C) To provide assistance to student writers(D) To place students in jobs at publishing companies36.(A) They work together at the library,(B) They took a class together.(C) They are on the staff of the campus literary review.(D) They met at a writer's conference.37.(A) He is an experienced writer.(B) He is the editor of the literary review.(C) Professor Mitchell recommended hint(D) She believes he will contribute useful comments.38.(A)Suggestions for additional assistance(B) Written critiques of their work(C) Time in class to work on their project(D) Permission to use ihe meeting room in the library39(A) The development of printing technology in the early United States(B) The firat newspapers in the British colonies(C) Colonial newspapers published by the British government(D) The role of newspapers in colonial elections40.(A) He wanted 10 be free of government control(B) He could not get a job with the government newspaper.(C) He was dissatisfied with other independent newspapers.(D) He wanted to encourage colonists to learn to read.41.(A) It was printed on a new kind of printing press.(B) It was humorous and critical*(C) It was printed on two sides*(D) It was partially founded by the government.42.(A) They could not participate in the conversations about the news.(B) They were encouraged to go to school,(C) They received information by bearing it read to them.(D) They thought newspapers were unnecessary.43(A) The history of the Galileo space probe(B) Recent discoveries about one of Jupiter's moons(C) The differences between moons and planets(D) The composition of the Earth's moon44(A) It is larger than the planet Mercury,(B) It is covered with ice.(C) It is orbited by asteroids.(D) It creates its own magnetic field.45(A) A core of molten metal(B) A huge deposit of ice(C) A combination of metal and sail water(D) A thin layer of magnetic rock46. (A) They prevented Galileo from getting too close to Ganymede.(B) They disrupted Galileo's ability to transmit images of Ganymede.(C) They indicate that Ganymede may have an atmosphere.(D) They arc the cause of Ganymede's unstable surface.47(A) A rare species of algae(B) The treatment of wastewater(C) A threat to the aquatic environment(D) The increasing number of algae in rivers48(A) They are becoming more dangerous to the user.(B) They are encouraging the growth of algae in streams(C) They are being made with fewer chemicals.(D) They are being made to kill bacteria.49.(A) It does not remove all chemicals.(B) It encourages the growth of some bacteria.(C) It is not done on a regular basis.(D) It has been improved by new technologies,50.(A) The role of algae in the food chain(B) The effect of household chemicals on algae(C) The detection of chemicals in wastewater(D) The creation of safer household productsSECTION IIPART 11. In the early eighteenth century, Ohio grew from a virtual wilderness to become-------of the early states had been in 1776,(A) most than more populous(B) more populous than most(C) more than most populous(D) populous most than more2. -------in pronunciation that Canadian English asserts its distinctiveness, and it has done so from earliest times.(A) Primarily is(B) Primarily has(C) It is primarily(D) There has primarily3. New York City. -------"Big Apple” is the largest city in the United States and has been the gateway location for repeated waves of Immigrants.(A) is the(B) which the(C) calling the(D) me4. Surface tension is the property ------the surface of a liquid tobehave as if it were covered with a weak elastic skin.(A) of which causes(B) that causes(C) that it causes(D) causes5. While flies are frequently observed assembled in great numbers, they are not social insects------termites, bees, and ants are social.(A) sense that(B) that is the sense(C) in the sense that(D) is the sense6. Baaed on atmospheric physics, -------is mainly applied in weather forecasting and control.(A) and meteorology(B) meteorology(C) is where meteorology(D) on meteorology7. -------Betsy Ross did make flags during the American Revolution, the legend mat she designed and made the first national flag for the United States is generally discredited.(A) Whether(B) For(C) Although(D) In spite of8. The heart, a rhythmically contracting muscle, is------- of the cardiovascular system.(A) the major organ(B) the organ is major(C) the organ that is major(D) how the major organ9. Extensive deposits of salt buried far underground-------found on all continents except Antarctica.(A) toe(B) that are(C) have been(D) they are10. Stagecoaches reached their greatest importance in the United Slates in the nineteenth century, when paved roads made travel —-~.(A) was quicker and more comfortable (B) quicker and more comfortable(C) for being quicker and more comfortable(D) quicker and more comfortable to be11. In North America, the Nebraska culture that succeeded the Woodland culture about A.D 1300 pioneered in------to become the area's chief economic activity, agriculture.(A) it was(B) which was(C) what was(D) was12. Contrary to some widely held beliefs-------bats, they are not blind and are not likely to attack humans.(A) concerned(B) concerning(C) to concern(D) to be concerned13. Fragile though it may seem, straw also has-------, keeping its natural gloss and pliancy for centuries.(A) resilience is extraordinary(B) some extraordinary and resilient(C) that of extraordinarily resilient(D) extraordinary resilience14. ------subject to rust, many examples of decorative ironwork on buildings have disappeared.(A) If iron were(B) iron is being(C) Since iron is(D) How iron is15. The starting point for the formation of petroleum is-------that has accumulated in die sediments on the ocean floor.(A) marine plankton has decayed(B) the decay of marine plankton(C) when decaying marine plankton(D) marine plankton, the decay of which16. In me eighteenth century, quilting became a common technique in foe American colonies for the make of coverlets sewed in floral and geometric designs.17. The computer's complex circuitry is miniaturized inside silicon chips, wafer-thin silicon crystals with circuits electronic etched onto them.18. Centrifuges are widely use to separate liquids having different densities or to separate solids from liquids.19. There is ample evidence of that about 700 million years ago, glaciers reached well into what are now tropical regions.20. Mathematics is a tool that can help solve problems and lead to new developments in other fields, such as space flight, medical, and architecture.21. The meter of English poetry is determined by accented syllables rather by the quantities of vowels,22. In the nineteenth-century United States, It was assumed that growth, change, and progressive derived mainly from individual effort and competition.23. Swelling of the mucous membranes, cause by irritants, allergies, or infections, may block the nasal passages, making breathing difficult.24. The spearmint plant, which grows to about three feet height, has stalk less leaves and la*, tapering spikes of flowers that are usually pink or lilac.25. Germ theory defined precisely how diseases affect tissues and described their passage from one living creature to other .26. The rings of the planet Uranus consists primarily of boulder-sized chunks of dark matter, averaging about one meter in diameter.27. George Inness’rendering of distance and atmosphere raised his art above the ordinarily realism of nineteenth-century American landscape painting.28. Not much is it known about the details of the development and acquisition of primate communication, especially in the wild.29. Although Alaska ia the state in the United States with the largest area, Texas is the one that is divide into the largest number of counties.30. Much of the early European colonists in North America remarked on the profusion of birds, animals, and fish . 31. The dancer and choreographer Twyla Tharp grew up in Los Angeles, California, and hers childhood included comprehensive training in music and dance.32. Telecommunication systems involve the transmission of sound, pictures, words, and other types of information by electronic means, training in signals and satellite relays.33. In addition to being the state capital, Albany is a focal point of trade, ship, and commerce in upstate New York.34. Like bats, dolphins use echolocation—pulses of high-frequency sound—both to find prey and for explore their environments.35. The American zoologist Dian Fossey conducted field studies of wild gorillas that disproved old beliefs that gorillas were violence and aggressive.36. Delaware is the only state which the legislature can amend the state constitution without the approval of the voters .37. The sub cutis layer of the skin contains fat and muscle that insulate internal organ and act as an energy reservoir for the body. 38. A supernova, the explosive death of a star, temporary attains a brightness of 100 million suns or more.39, The Northern Hemisphere faces the Sun most fully during the summer solstice which occurs in about June 22,40. San Diego has a diverse economy, deriving substantial revenue from manufacturing, maritime commerce, military installations, and agricultural active in the surrounding area.Section IIIQuestions 1-9Color in textiles is produced by dyeing, by printing, or by painting. Until thenineteenth century, all dyes were derived from vegetable or, more rarely, animalor mineral sources,Line Since madder plants could be grown practically everywhere, the roots of some5 species of the madder plant family were used from the earliest period to produce a wholerange of reds. Red animal dyes, derived! from certain species of scale insects, were alsohighly valued from ancient times through the Middle Ages. Blues were obtained fromindigo, which was widely .cultivated in India and exported from there, and from woad,a plant common in Europe and also used in the Near East from the beginning of the10 Christian era. Before the first, nonfading "solid" green was invented in the earlynineteenth century, greens were achieved by the overdyeing or overprinting of yellowand blue. However, yellow dyes±whether from weld or some other plant source suchas saffron or turmeric, invariably fade or disappear. This accounts for the bluish tingeof what were once bright greens in, for example, woven tapestry.The range of natural colors was hugely expanded and, indeed, superseded by thechemical dyes developed during the eighteen hundreds. By 1900 a complete rangeof synthetic colors had been evolved, many of them reaching a standard of resistanceto fading from exposure to light and to washing that greatly exceeded that of naturaldyestuffs. Since then, [he petroleum industry has added many new chemicals, and from20hese other types of dyestuffs have been developed. Much of the research in dyes wasstimulated by the peculiarities of some of the new synthetic fibers- Acetate rayon, forexample, seemed at first to have no affinity for dyes and a new range of dyes had to bedeveloped; nylon and Terylene presented similar problems.The printing of textiles has involved a number of distinct methods. With the exception25 of printing patterns directly onto the cloth, whether by block, roller, or screen, all of thesearc based on dyeing; that is, the immersion of the fabric in a dye bath.1. The passage mainly discusses the(A) development of synthetic colors foe textiles during the nineteenth century(B) advantages of chemical dyes over dyes derived from plants and animals(C) differences between dyeing textiles and printing ihem(D) history of the use of natural and chemical dyes to color textiles2. According to the passage, what was the source of most textiledyes that were used before the nineteenth century?(A) Animals(B) Minerals(C) Plants(D) Chemicals3. What was the advantage of using madder plants for different shades of red?(A) It was possible to cultivate madder plants in almost every location,(B) Madder plants produced brighter colors than other plant sources.(C) Plant sources produced more lasting colors than animal sources.(D) Dyes derived from the madder plants were easier to work with than other dyes-4. The word "invariably" ID line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) without exception(B) steadily(C) after some time(D) noticeably5. It can be inferred from the passage that the green areas inwoven tapestries developed a bluish tinge because(A) a darker color, like blue, dominates a light color, like yellow(B) light changed some of the green dye used in the tapestries to blue(C) the yellow dye. that was used in the tapestries had faded(D) the dyes used to color woven tapestries were made from minerals6. The word "superseded" in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) strengthened(B) improved(C) replaced(D) complemented7. According to the passage, how did chemical dyes compare to natural dyes?(A) The chemical dyes had less attractive colors.(B) The chemical dyes were less easy to use.(C) The chemical dyes lost their brightness more quickly when exposed to light.(D) The chemical dyes held up belter after washing.8 According to the passage, what problem led to the development of new dyes after 1900 ?(A) Previously developed dyes did not work on new types of fibers.(B) Dyes derived from petroleum caused damage to new synthetic fibers.(C) New synthetic fibers required brighter colors tijan natural fibers did.(D) New fabrics easily lost their colors when washed.9. Why does the author mention "block, roller, or screen" in line25 ?(A) To give examples of textile printing techniques that are based on dyeing(B) To argue that all methods of printing patterns onto textiles involve dyeing(C) To emphasize the variety of special tools used in me process of dyeing textiles(D) To give examples of textile printing techniques mat do not involve dyeingQuestions 10-19The strangest-looking fish in the Everglades wetland region of southern Florida isthe Florida gar, whose unusual appearance includes sharp needlelike teeth that ftil along snout. Young gars have numerous dark spots and patches on an olive to yellow,Line long, slender body. Gars darken with age so that adults appear mostly dark brown,5 especially when seen from above. Several types of gar exist in eastern and centralNorth America, some of which are extremely large. The aptly named alligator gar isoccasionally mistaken for an alligator and occurs from the lower Mississippi drainagebasin to the rivers of the western panhandle of Florida. Only the relatively small Floridagar, seldom longer than two feet, lives in the Everglades. (The much larger long-nose gar10as occasionally been found in the Everglades hut historically occurs only north of theregion.) As with all gars, the Florida gar is predatory and is adept at catching smallerfish from schools by using a fast sideways snap of the jaws. It is also capable of catchingindividual prey, pursuing them along the bottom or in douse tangles of vegetation. Usinga slow, stealthy approach, tins technique is effective on fish and grass shrimp.15 Florida gars are sometimes seen in huge numbers, which is the result of low waterthat confines individuals from the expanses of the marshes to limited aquatic habitatswhere they remain during the dry season. At these times, gars become prey for thealligator. The sight of a gar held in an alligator's jaws is a vision of prehistoric imagery.In fact, gars have changed little from their ancestors that dominated Earth's waters when20 the dinosaurs flourished; they even have primitive interlockingscales that differ greatly from those of most fish. They also have the dual ability to breathe air and water and canbe observed regularly rising to the surface of the water to renew the air in their swimbladders. Florida gars are sometimes confused with a similarly shaped but unrelatedneedlefish, which are marine but commonly enter freshwater. Needlefish are greenish,25 bluish, or silvery and have a translucent appearance, hi marked contrast to the darkerand opaque Florida gars.10. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The different types of gar that live in North America(B) The type of gar that is common in the Everglades region(C) The similarities between the Florida gar and alligators(D) The different types of fish that live in the Everglades region11 Which of ihe following physical characteristics of the Florida gar is NOT described?(A) Length of snout(B) Strength of bones(C) Type of teeth(D) Shape of body12. The passage mentions which of the following as changesthat occur when young gars grow to be adults?(A) The number of spots and patches on their bodies increase*.(B) They become extremely large.(C) Their teeth become sharper.(D) They become darker.13. The word "seldom" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) slightfy(B) similarly(C) rarely(D) apparently14. The word "adept" in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) skilled(B) unusual(C) alone(D) observed15. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a method thatFlorida gars use to obtain food?(A) Using a sideways movement(B) Following prey slowly(C) Finding prey that swim near the surface(D) Catching prey that swim in large groups16. According to the passage, why are Florida garssometimes concentrated in large numbers?(A) Low water restricts them to certain areas.(B) Swimming in groups protects them from predators.(C) They form large groups to reproduce(D) They migrate from the marshes each year.17. The word "they" in line 17 refers to(A) individuals(B) expanses .(C) marshes(D) habitats18. The word "dual” in line 21 is closet in meaning to(A) complex(B) useful(C) deep(D) double19. Which of the following is a characteristic of both needlefishand Florida gars?(A) A primitive method of breathing(B) A long, slender body(C) Brightly colored markings(D) A translucent appearanceQuestions 20-29The Native American people of Oregon transported themselves and their goods onfoot, by canoe, by raft, by dog, and by horse. Each tribe used a combination of methods,choosing the mode of transportation best suited to the terrain, the type of load, and theLine desired speed. Since each band and local group had a different pattern of settlement and5 easonal movement, the mixture of transportation methods differed from group to groupand from season to season.Long-distance travel by foot was common all over Oregon. In rougher parts of theinland valleys area and in eastern Oregon prior to the arrival of the horse (first introducedto the area some 300 years ago), it was the principal mode of long-distance travel. Foot10 trails wound across most mountain passes and were important in maintaining the vastNative American trading network. Leather moccasins and Cute sandals were worn for longhikes and for protection against cold, rather than for everyday use. In winter, snowshoeswere used for hunting expeditions, ID the Klamath area, where lakes were well stockedwith waterfowl and plant products, Native Americans used mudshoes (built similarly to15 snowshoes) to keep from sinking in the mud.Canoes and rafts were osed by Native Americans in all parts of Oregon, although theywere not a major method of travel in eastern Oregon. The boat* were used on lakes andrivers for fishing, gathering water plants, bird hunting, and travel. Native Americans fromOregon occasionally ventured to sea for seal hunts, but long sea voyages were much less20 common than they were further north among the Nootka, Kwakiutl, and Halda people.The use of canoes along the Columbia River contributed to the development of trading and continued, communication among neighboring tribes. Most Oregon canoes were made byhollowing logs. The wooden dugout was uniquely suited to western Oregon's plentiful supplyof timber. The canoes were expertly carved in a variety of shapes and sizes toensure a smooth and quiet voyage even in rough waters.20. According to the passage, all of the following affected thechoice of transportation EXCEPT(A) the type of land that had to be traveled(B) what was to be carried(C) how fast an Item needed to be transported(D) the cost of transportation21. The word "principal" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) original(B) simple(C) main(D) ordinary22. According to the passage, the horse(A) could not be used for long distance travel(B) replaced traveling by foot in more rugged areas(C) Improved the quality of mountain foot trails(D) was an important part of Oregon's culture23. According to the passage, tube sandals were used for(A) waiting great distances(B) wanner weather(C) wearing every day(D) walking in mud24. The word "stocked" in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) utilized(B) endangered(C) supplied(D) hunted25. The word "they" in line 20 refers to(A) long sea voyages(B) Native Americana(C) seal hunts(D) canoes26. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as uses of die canoe EXCEPT(A) hunting animals(B) fishing(C) carrying timber(D) collecting plants27. The word "ensure" in tine 25 is closest in meaning to(A) guarantee(B) decrease(C) convince(D) continue28. The passage supports which of the following statementsabout Native American trade in Oregon?(A) Trade was limited by the mountainous terrain,(B) Trade was more depended oc the canoe than on any otherform of travel.(C) Items related to transportation were typical trade products.(D) Transportation contributed to the development andmaintenance of trade.29. The passage most likely continues with a discussion of(A) the process of seal hunting(B) transportation by dog and horse(C) winter transportation methods(D) transportation outside of OregonQuestions 30-39The atmosphere of Venus is quite different from ours. Measurements taken from theEarth show a high concentration of carton dioxide in the atmosphere of Venus. In fact,carbon dioxide makes up 96 percent of Venus* atmosphere; nitrogen makes up almost allLine the rest. The Earth's atmosphere, by comparison, is mainly nitrogen, with a fair amount5 of oxygen as well. Carbon dioxide makes up less than 0.1percent of the terrestrial atmosphere,The surface pressure of Venus* atmosphere is 90 limes higher than the pressure ofEarth's atmosphere, as a result of the large amount of carbon dioxide in the former.Throughout Earth's history, carbon dioxide on Earth has mixed with rain to dissolve10 rocks; the dissolved rock and carbon dioxide eventually flow。

2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科数学（必修+选修Ⅰ）第I 卷一、选择题：1．设I 为全集，S 1、S 2、S 3是I 的三个非空子集且S 1∪S 2∪S 3=I ，则下面论断正确的是（ ） A ． I S I ∩（S 2∪S 3）= B ．S 1⊆（ I S 2∩ I S 3）C ． I S I ∩ I S 2 ∩ I S 3=D ．S 1⊆（ I S 2∪ I S 3）2．一个与球心距离为1的平面截球所得的圆面面积为π，则球的表面积为 （ ）A ．8π2B ．8πC ．4π2D ．4π3．已知直线l 过点（－2，0），当直线l 与圆x y x 222=+有两个交点时，其斜率k 的取值范围是（ ）A ．)22,22(-B ．)2,2(-C ．)42,42( D ．)81,81(-4．如图，在多面体ABCDEF 中，已知ABCD 是边长为1的正方形，且△ADE 、△BCF 均为正三角形，EF//AB ，EF=2，则该多面体的体积为（ ）A ．32 B ．33C ．34 D ．23 5．已知双曲线)0(1222>=-a y ax 的一条准线与抛物线x y 62-=的准线重合，则该双曲线的离心率为（ ）A ．23 B ．23 C ．26 D ．332 6．当20π<<x 时，函数x xx x f 2sin sin 82cos 1)(2++=的最小值为（ ）A ．2B ．32C ．4D ．347．设0>b ，二次函数122-++=a bx ax y 的图象下列之一：则a 的值为（ ）A ．1B ．－1C ．251-- D ．251+- 8．设10<<a ，函数)22(log )(2--=xx a a a x f ，则使x x f 的0)(<取值范围是（ ）A ．)0,(-∞B ．),0(+∞C ．)3log ,(a -∞D ．),3(log +∞a9．在坐标平面上，不等式组⎩⎨⎧+-≤-≥1||3,1x y x y 所表示的平面区域的面积为（ ）A ．2B ．23 C ．223 D ．210．在ABC ∆中，已知C BA sin 2tan=+，给出以下四个论断：①1cot tan =⋅B A ②2sin sin 0≤+<B A ③1cos sin 22=+B A ④C B A 222sin cos cos =+其中正确的是（ ） A ．①③ B ．②④ C ．①④D ．②③ 11．过三棱柱任意两个顶点的直线共15条，其中异面直线有（ ）A ．18对B ．24对C ．30对D ．36对 12．复数=--ii 2123（ ）A ．iB ．i -C ．i -22D ．i +-22第Ⅱ卷注意事项：1．用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试题卷中. 2．答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚. 3．本卷共10小题，共90分.二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分.把答案填在题中横线上. 13．若正整数m 满足)3010.02.(lg ________,102105121≈=<<-m m m 则14．9)12(xx -的展开式中，常数项为 .（用数字作答）15．△ABC 的外接圆的圆心为O ，两条边上的高的交点为H ，)(OC OB OA m OH ++=，则实数m= .16．在正方体ABCD —A ′B ′C ′D ′中，过对角线BD ′的一个平面交AA ′于E ，交CC ′于F ，则①四边形BFD ′E 一定是平行四边形.②四边形BFD ′E 有可能是正方形.③四边形BFD ′E 在底面ABCD 内的投影一定是正方形. ④平面BFD ′E 有可能垂直于平面BB ′D.以上结论正确的为 .（写出所有正确结论的编号）三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共74分，解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤. 17．（本小题满分12分）设函数)(),0)(2sin()(x f y x f =<<-+=ϕπϕπ图象的一条对称轴是直线.8π=x（Ⅰ）求ϕ；（Ⅱ）求函数)(x f y =的单调增区间；（Ⅲ）证明直线025=+-c y x 与函数)(x f y =的图象不相切.18．（本小题满分12分） 已知四棱锥P —ABCD 的底面为直角梯形，AB//DC ，∠DAB=90°，PA ⊥底面 ABCD ，且PA=AD=DE=21AB=1，M 是PB 的中点. （1）证明：面PAD ⊥面PCD ； （2）求AC 与PB 所成的角；（3）求面AMC 与面BMC 所成二面角的大小. 19．（本小题满分12分）设等比数列}{n a 的公比为q ，前n 项和S n >0（n=1，2，…）（1）求q 的取值范围； （2）设,2312++-=n n n a a b 记}{n b 的前n 项和为T n ，试比较S n 和T n 的大小. 20．（本小题满分12分） 9粒种子分种在3个坑内，每坑3粒，每粒种子发芽的概率为0.5，若一个坑内至少有1粒种子发芽，则这个坑不需要补种，若一个坑里的种子都没发芽，则这个坑需要补种，假定每个坑至多补种一次，每补种1个坑需10元，用ξ表示补种费用，写出ξ的分布列并求ξ的数学期望.（精确到0.01） 21．（本小题满分14分） 已知椭圆的中心为坐标原点O ，焦点在x 轴上，斜率为1且过椭圆右焦点F 的直线交椭圆于A 、B 两点，OB OA +与)1,3(-=a 共线. （1）求椭圆的离心率；（2）设M 为椭圆上任意一点，且),(R OB OA OM ∈+=μλλλ，证明22μλ+为定值.22．（本小题满分12分）（1）设函数)10)(1(log )1(log )(22<<--+=x x x x x x f ，求)(x f 的最小值； （2）设正数n p p p p 2321,,,, 满足12321=++++n p p p p ， 求证.log log log log 222323222121n p p p p p p p p n n -≥++++2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科数学（必修+选修I ）参考答案一、选择题（本题考查基本知识和基本运算，每小题5分，满分60分）1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．D 二、填空题：本题考查基本知识和基本运算.每小题4分，满分16分. 13．155 14．672 15．1 16．①③④ 三、解答题17．本小题主要考查三角函数性质及图像的基本知识，考查推理和运算能力，满分12分. 解：（Ⅰ）)(8x f y x ==是函数π的图像的对称轴，,1)82sin(±=+⨯∴ϕπ.,24Z k k ∈+=+∴ππππ.43,0πϕϕπ-=<<- （Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）知).432sin(,43ππϕ-=-=x y 因此 由题意得.,2243222Z k k x k ∈+≤-≤-πππππ所以函数.],85,8[)432sin(Z k k k x y ∈++-=πππππ的单调增区间为（Ⅲ）证明：,2|)432cos(2||))432(sin(|||≤-='-='ππx x y所以曲线)(x f y =的切线斜率取值范围为[－2，2]，而直线025=+-c y x 的斜率为225>，所以直线025=+-c y x 与函数)432sin(π-=x y 的图像不相切. 18．本小题主要考查直线与平面垂直、直线与平面所成角的有关知识及思维能力和空间想象能力.考查应用向量知识解决数学问题的能力.满分12分. 方案一：（Ⅰ）证明：∵PA ⊥面ABCD ，CD ⊥AD ， ∴由三垂线定理得：CD ⊥PD.因而，CD 与面PAD 内两条相交直线AD ，PD 都垂直， ∴CD ⊥面PAD.又CD ⊂面PCD ，∴面PAD ⊥面PCD.（Ⅱ）解：过点B 作BE//CA ，且BE=CA ，则∠PBE 是AC 与PB 所成的角.连结AE ，可知AC=CB=BE=AE=2，又AB=2，所以四边形ACBE 为正方形. 由PA ⊥面ABCD 得∠PEB=90° 在Rt △PEB 中BE=2，PB=5， .510cos ==∠∴PB BE PBE.510arccos所成的角为与PB AC ∴ （Ⅲ）解：作AN ⊥CM ，垂足为N ，连结BN. 在Rt △PAB 中，AM=MB ，又AC=CB ， ∴△AMC ≌△BMC,∴BN ⊥CM ，故∠ANB 为所求二面角的平面角. ∵CB ⊥AC ，由三垂线定理，得CB ⊥PC ， 在Rt △PCB 中，CM=MB ，所以CM=AM. 在等腰三角形AMC 中，AN ·MC=AC AC CM ⋅-22)2(， 5625223=⨯=∴AN . ∴AB=2，322cos 222-=⨯⨯-+=∠∴BN AN AB BN AN ANB 故所求的二面角为).32arccos(-方法二：因为PA ⊥PD ，PA ⊥AB ，AD ⊥AB ，以A 为坐标原点AD 长为单位长度，如图建立空间直角坐标系，则各点坐标为A （0，0，0）B （0，2，0），C （1，1，0），D （1，0，0），P （0，0，1），M （0，1，)21. （Ⅰ）证明：因.,0),0,1,0(),1,0,0(DC AP DC AP DC AP ⊥=⋅==所以故由题设知AD ⊥DC ，且AP 与AD 是平面PAD 内的两条相交直线，由此得DC ⊥面PAD. 又DC 在面PCD 上，故面PAD ⊥面PCD. （Ⅱ）解：因),1,2,0(),0,1,1(-==PB AC.510||||,cos ,2,5||,2||=⋅⋅>=<=⋅==PB AC PBAC PB AC PB AC PB AC 所以故（Ⅲ）解：在MC 上取一点N （x ，y ，z ），则存在,R ∈λ使,MC NC λ=..21,1,1),21,0,1(),,1,1(λλ==-=∴-=---=z y x MC z y x NC要使.54,0210,==-=⋅⊥λ解得即只需z x MC AN MC AN),52,1,51(),52,1,51(,.0),52,1,51(,54=⋅-===⋅=MC BN BN AN MC AN N 有此时能使点坐标为时可知当λANB MC BN MC AN MC BN MC AN ∠⊥⊥=⋅=⋅所以得由.,0,0为所求二面角的平面角.).32arccos(.32||||),cos(.54,530||,530||--=⋅=∴-=⋅==故所求的二面角为BN AN BNAN BN AN BN AN BN AN19． 本小题主要考查等比数列的基本知识，考查分析问题能力和推理能力，满分12分. 解：（Ⅰ）因为}{n a 是等比数列，.0,0,011≠>=>q S a S n 可得 当;0,11>==na S q n 时),2,1(,011,01)1(,11 =>-->--=≠n qqq q a S q nn n 即时当上式等价于不等式组：),2,1(,01,01 =⎩⎨⎧<-<-n q q n① 或),2,1(,01,01 =⎩⎨⎧>->-n q q n②解①式得q>1；解②，由于n 可为奇数、可为偶数，得－1<q<1. 综上，q 的取值范围是).,0()0,1(+∞⋃-（Ⅱ）由得1223++-=n a n a a b .)23(),23(22n n n n S q q T q q a b -=-=于是)123(2--=-q q S S T n n n).2)(21(-+=q q S n.,0,2,21;,0,0221;,0,2211,,001,0n n n n n n n n n n n n n S T S T q q S T S T q q S T S T q q q q S ==-=-=<<-≠<<->>->-<<-><<->即时或当即时且当即时或当所以或且又因为 20．本小题主要考查相互独立事件和互斥事件有一个发生的概率的计算方法，考查运用概率知识解决实际问题的能力. 满分12分.（Ⅰ）解：因为甲坑内的3粒种子都不发芽的概率为81)5.01(3=-，所以甲坑不需要补种的概率为 .87811=-3个坑都不需要补种的概率,670.0)87()81(303=⨯⨯ C恰有1个坑需要补种的概率为,287.0)87(81213=⨯⨯C恰有2个坑需要补种的概率为,041.087)81(223=⨯⨯C3个坑都需要补种的概率为.002.0)87()81(0333=⨯⨯C补种费用ξ的分布为ξ的数学期望为75.3002.030041.020287.010670.00=⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=ξE21．本小题主要考查直线方程、平面向量及椭圆的几何性质等基本知训，考查综合运用数学知识解决问题及推理的能力，满分14分.（I ）解：设椭圆方程为),0,(),0(12222c F b a by a x >>=+则直线AB 的方程为1,2222=+-=by a x c x y 代入化简得02)(22222222=-+-+b a c a cx a x b a .令),,(),,(2211y x B y x A则 .,22222222122221ba b a c a x x b a c a x x +-=+=+),,(2121y y x x OB OA ++=+由a OB OA a 与+-=),1,3(共线，得.0)()(32121=+++x x y y.36,36.3,232.23,0)()2(3,,22222222121212211===-=∴==+=+∴=++-+∴-=-=a c e ab ac b a cba c a c x x x x c x x c x y c x y 故离心率所以即又 （II ）证明：由（I ）知223b a =，所以椭圆12222=+by a x 可化为22233b y x =+.),,(),(),(),,(2211y x y x y x y x OM μλ+==由已知得设 ⎩⎨⎧+=+=∴.,2121y y y x x x μλμλ ),(y x M 在椭圆上，.3)(3)(2221221b y y x x =+++∴μλμλ即 .3)3(2)3()3(221212222221212b y y x x y x y x =+++++λμμλ ①由（I ）知.21,23,23222221c b c a c x x ===+))((33.8321212121222222221c x c x x x y y x x c ba b a c a x x --++=+∴=+-=∴ .0329233)(3422222121=+-=++-=c c c c c x x x x又222222212133,33b y x b y x =+=+又，代入①得 .122=+μλ 故22μλ+为定值，定值为1.22．本小题主要考查数学归纳法及导数应用等知识，考查综合运用数学知识解决问题的能力.满分12分.（Ⅰ）解：对函数)(x f 求导数：])1(log )1[()log ()(22'--+'='x x x x x f.2ln 12ln 1)1(log log 22-+--=x x ).1(log log 22x x --=于是.0)21(='f当)(,0)1(log log )(,2122x f x x x f x <--='<时在区间)21,0(是减函数， 当)(,0)1(log log )(,2122x f x x x f x >--='>时在区间)1,21(是增函数.所以21)(=x x f 在时取得最小值，1)21(-=f ，（Ⅱ）证法一：用数学归纳法证明.（i ）当n=1时，由（Ⅰ）知命题成立.（ii ）假定当k n =时命题成立，即若正数1,,,221221=+++k k p p p p p p 满足， 则.log log log 222222121k p p p p p p k k -≥+++当1+=k n 时，若正数,1,,,11221221=+++++k k p p p p p p 满足 令.,,,,222211221xp q x pq x p q p p p x k k k ===+++= 则k q q q 221,,, 为正数，且.1221=+++k q q q由归纳假定知.log log log 222222121k q q p p p q k k -≥+++kk k k q q q q q q x p p p p p p 222222121222222121log log log (log log log +++=+++,log )()log 22x x k x x +-≥+ ①同理，由x p p p k k k -=++++++1122212 可得1122212212log log ++++++k k k k p p p p).1(log )1())(1(2x x k x --+--≥ ②综合①、②两式11222222121log log log +++++k k p p p p p p).1()1(log )1(log ))](1([22+-≥--++--+≥k x x x x k x x即当1+=k n 时命题也成立.根据（i ）、（ii ）可知对一切正整数n 命题成立. 证法二：令函数那么常数)),,0(,0)((log )(log )(22c x c x c x c x x x g ∈>--+=],log )1(log )1(log [)(222c cxc x c x c x c x g +--+=利用（Ⅰ）知，当.)(,)2(21取得最小值函数时即x g cx c x == 对任意都有,0,021>>x x2log 22log log 21221222121x x x x x x x x ++⋅≥+ ]1)()[log (21221-++=x x x x . ① 下面用数学归纳法证明结论.（i ）当n=1时，由（I ）知命题成立.（ii ）设当n=k 时命题成立，即若正数有满足,1,,,221221=+++k k p p p p p p11111122212212222121221221222222121log log log log .1,,,,1.log log log ++++++++++==++++=-≥+++--k k k k k k k k p p p p p p p p H p p p p p p k n k p p p p p p 令满足时当由①得到,1)()(],1)()[log (]1)()[log (11111121221212221221221=++++-++++-++≥++++++---k k k k k k p p p p p p p p p p p p H 因为由归纳法假设得到,)(log )()(log )(1111212221221221k p p p p p p p p k k k k -≥++++++++++-- ).1()(1121221+-=++++--≥+++k p p p p k H k k 即当1+=k n 时命题也成立. 所以对一切正整数n 命题成立.。

2005年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试普通逻辑试卷（课程代号：0024）本试卷分为两部分，第一部分为选择题，1页至4页，第二部分为非选择题，5页至10页，共10页；选择题35分，非选择题65分，满分100分；考试时间为150分钟。

第一部分选择题（共35分）一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题,每小题1分，共15分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

1．命题“没有人是十全十美的”与“有些人不是十全十美的”之间具有[ ] Ａ、矛盾关系Ｂ、反对关系Ｃ、差等关系Ｄ、下反对关系2．命题分为简单命题、直言命题、复合命题和假言命题四个大类。

”这个划分犯的错误是[ ] Ａ、划分不全及划分标准不同一Ｂ、子项相容及划分标准不同一Ｃ、子项相容以及多出子项Ｄ、子项相容以及划分不全3．命题形式p、q、(⌝p∨⌝q)和(⌝p∧⌝q)中，最多可以同时取值为真的数量是[ ] Ａ、1 Ｂ、2 Ｃ、3 Ｄ、44．如果一个有效三段论的结论的主项周延，而谓项不周延，那么这个三段论的格是[ ] Ａ、第一格Ｂ、第二格Ｃ、第三格Ｄ、第四格5．在下列概念中，单独概念是[ ]Ａ、联合国Ｂ、省人代会Ｃ、高等院校Ｄ、亚洲国家6．“只有小张去，小李才去”与“如果小张不去，小李就不去”这两个判断 [ ] A．既同真又同假画真值表 B．可同真不同假C．不同真可同假 D．不同真不同假7.“p并且q”与“q并且p”这两个判断形式含有 [ ] A．相同的逻辑常项，相同的变项 B．相同的逻辑常项，不同的变项C．不同的逻辑常项，相同的变项 D．不同的逻辑常项，不同的变项8．“并非小李和小王都去”与“或小李不去，或小王不去”这两个判断具有 [ ] A．反对关系 B．矛盾关系 C．等值关系 D．差等关系9．排中律的内容是：在同一思维过程中，两个相互矛盾的思想， [ ]A．可以都真 B．可以都假C．不能都假，必有一真 D．不能都真，可以都假10．如一有效三段论的小前提是否定判断，则其大前提只能是 [ ] A．PAM B．MOP C．PEM D．MAP11．下列推理形式中，有效的推理形式是[ ]Ａ、SAP，所以，SIP Ｂ、SIP，所以，SOPＣ、SEP，所以，并非SOP Ｄ、SOP，所以，并非SEP12．若概念A可以正确地划分为B和C，则B和C的外延之间的关系就肯定不是[ ]A、反对关系B、交叉关系C、全异关系D、矛盾关系13．不完全归纳推理属于[ ]A、或然性推理B、从个别到个别的推理C、从一般到个别的推理D、必然性推理14．同时断定“火星上可能没有人存在”和“火星上必然有人存在”，则[ ]A、违反同一律的基本要求B、违反排中律的基本要求C、违反矛盾律的基本要求D、既不违反矛盾律，也不违反排中律15．概念外延间的关系当中，具有传递性的关系是[ ]A、全同关系B、全异关系C、交叉关系D、反对关系二、双项选择题（本大题共10小题,每小题2分，共20分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中只有二个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

2005年1月英语四级真题及答案2005年1月英语四级真题及答案A卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, A) “At the office” is the correct answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) The man enjoys traveling by car.B) The man lives far from the subway.C) The man is good at driving.D) The man used to own a car.2.A) Tony should continue taking the course.B) She approves of Tony’s decision.C) Tony can choose another science course.D) She can’t meet Tony s o early in the morning.3.A) She has to study for the exam.B) She is particularly interested in plays.C) She’s eager to watch the new play.D) She can lend her notes to the man.4.A) They will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later.B) They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.C) They will continue to exist along with on-line education.D) They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.5.A) Most students would like to work for a newspaper.B) Most students find a job by reading advertisements.C) Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.D) Most students don’t want jobs advertised in the newspapers.6.A) Move the washing machine to the basement.B) Turn the basement into a workshop.C) Repair the washing machine.D) Finish his assignment.7.A) Some students at the back cannot hear the professor.B) The professor has changed his reading assignment.C) Some of the students are not on the professor’s list.D) The professor has brought extra copies of his assignment.8.A) She doesn’t want to talk about the contest.B) She’s modest about her success in the contest.C) She’s spent two years studying English in Canada.D) She’s very proud of her success in the speech contest.9.A) Talking about sports. C) Reading newspapers.B) Writing up local news. D) Putting up advertisements.10.A)They shouldn’t change their plan.B) They’d better change their mind.C) The tennis game won’t last long.D) Weather forecasts are not reliable.Section B Compound Dictation注意：听力理解的B节（Section B）为复合式听写（Compound Dictation），题目印刷在答题纸上，请用黑色钢笔或黑色水笔在答题纸上作答。

2005年1月全国小学教育小学班主任试卷(1) 各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢课程代码：00412一、填空题(每空1分，共12分)1.在健全班级组织中班主任工作的核心内容是_________。

2.人们察觉他人情绪反应时自己也体验到与之相同的情绪，这即_________。

3.“教是为了不教”体现了在班主任工作中要培养学生的_________能力。

4.班集体的主要任务是_________。

基本目标为_________。

5.班级工作计划的制定要考虑到_________和_________依据。

6.班级活动的特点有：自愿性和指导性、_________、_________。

7._________是搞好班主任工作的关键。

8.制定班主任工作评价指标体系的基本要求有三：一是方向性，二是_________，三是_________。

二、选择题(其中第1～8小题为单项选择题，第9～10小题为多项选择题。

在每小题的备选答案中，选出你认为正确的答案，并将正确答案的序号填入题干的括号内。

错选、多选、漏选均不得分。

每小题1分，共10分)1.()是班主任工作前提性内容。

a.班集体活动b.班级教育工作c.健全班级组织d.团队活动2.教师喜好按自己的意志来管理班级，反映了班主任工作未按()要求来执行。

a.学生主体b.**平等c.公平公正d.因才疏导3.学生“向师性”的心理特点，要求班主任应做到()。

a.因材施教b.集体教育c.启发疏导d.以身作则4.班主任工作的中心环节是()。

a.搞好师生关系b.建立和谐的教师集体c.教好功课d.培养班集体5.班级工作总结应以()为基准。

a.工作实情b.工作计划c.工作成绩d.实施力度6.“我为教室添色彩”的主题班会属于()主题班会。

a.实践性b.问题性各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢。

2005年江苏高考试卷及参考答案化学试题第一卷（选择题共74分）可能用到的相对原子质量：H&#0;1，C&#0;12，O&#0;16，Na&#0;23，Mg&#0;24，Al&#0;27，S&#0;32，Cl&#0;35.5，K&#0;39，Ca&#0;40，Mn&#0;55，Fe&#0;56，Ag&#0;108，Ba&#0;137一. 选择题（本题包括8小题，每小题4分，共32分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1. 2005年1月，欧洲航天局的惠更斯号探测器首次成功登陆土星的最大卫星&#0;&#0;土卫六。

科学家对探测器发回的数据进行了分析，发现土卫六的大气层中含有95%的氮气，剩余的气体为甲烷和其他碳氢化合物。

下列关于碳氢化合物的叙述正确的是（）A. 碳氢化合物的通式为B. 石油的主要成分是碳氢化合物C. 乙炔是含碳量最高的碳氢化合物D. 碳氢化合物中的化学键都是极性键2. 保护环境是每一个公民的责任。

下列做法：（1）推广使用无磷洗涤剂；（2）城市生活垃圾分类处理；（3）推广使用一次性木质筷子；（4）推广使用清洁能源；（5）过量使用化肥、农药；（6）推广使用无氟冰箱。

其中有利于保护环境的是（）A. （1）（2）（4）（5）B. （2）（3）（4）（6）C. （1）（2）（4）（6）D. （3）（4）（5）（6）3. 氮化铝（AIN）具有耐高温、抗冲击、导热性好等优良性质，被广泛应用于电子工业、陶瓷工业等领域。

在一定条件下，氮化铝可通过如下反应合成：下列叙述正确的是（）A. 在氮化铝的合成反应中，N2是还原剂，Al2O3是氧化剂B. 上述反应中每生成2molAlN，N2得到3mol电子C. 氮化铝中氮元素的化合价为-3D. 氮化铝晶体属于分子晶体4. 氢气（H2）、一氧化碳（CO）、辛烷（C8H18）、甲烷（CH4）的热化学方程式分别为：（）相同质量的完全燃烧时，放出热量最少的是（）A. B.C. D.5. 下列叙述不正确的是（）A. 硝酸银溶液通常保存在棕色试剂瓶中，是因为硝酸银见光易分解B. 乙醇的沸点比甲醚（CH3&#0;O&#0;CH3）高，主要原因是乙醇分子间能形成氢键C. 反应能在水溶液中进行，是因为比更难溶于水D. 常温下浓硫酸可贮存于铁制或铝制容器中，说明常温下铁和铝与浓硫酸不反应6. 下列除去杂质的实验方法正确的是（）A. 除去CO中少量O2：通过灼热的Cu网后收集气体B. 除去K2CO3固体中少量：置于坩埚中加热C. 除去苯中溶有的少量苯酚：加入适量浓溴水反应后过滤D. 除去FeCl3酸性溶液中少量的FeCl2：加入稍过量双氧水后放置7. 已知Co2O3在酸性溶液中易被还原成的氧化性依次减弱。

绝密★启用前2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文（全国卷1）说明：一、本试卷共8页，包括7道大题21道小题，共150分。

其中前3道大题（10个小题）为选择题。

二、答题前请仔细阅读答题卡上的“注意事项”，按照“注意事项”的规定答题。

三、做选择题时，如需改动，请用橡皮将原做擦干净，再选涂其他答案标号。

四、考试结束后，将本卷与答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共30分）一、（12分，每小题3分）1．下列词语中没有错别字的一组是A．忌讳砥砺蜚然成章流水不腐，户枢不蠹B．刍议安详自鸣得意愚者千虑，必有一得C．烦燥闲暇焚膏继晷金玉其外，败絮其中D．徇私编纂坚如磐石盛名之下，其实难负2．下列各句中，加点词语使用不恰当的一句是A．我国企业遭遇的知识产权国际纠纷越来越多，但国内能够应对这些诉讼的高级人才却是百里挑一，极其缺乏。

B．2008年北京奥运会不仅要办成体育竞技盛会，而且要办成各国运动员欢聚一堂、多元文化精彩纷呈的人类文化庆典。

C．该研究所在其旁征博引的2005年度报告《重要现象》中写道，中国在世界经济强劲增长的过程中起了重要作用。

D．近日面世的《共和国万岁》邮票珍藏大系，版面设计新颖别致，邮票藏品丰富多样，可谓“邮苑奇葩，传世珍藏”。

3．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是A．自1993年北京大学生电影节诞生以来，已经累计有超过100万人次参与了影片的观摩。

B．市教委要求，各学校学生公寓的生活用品和床上用品由学生自主选购，不得统一配备。

C．能否贯彻落实科学发展观，对构建和谐社会，促进经济可持续发展无疑具有重大的意义。

D．今年的电力供需紧张状况将有所缓解，拉闸限电现象会相应减少，但整体上看仍然偏紧。

4．下列各句中，语意不明确的一句是A．隆重简短的欢送仪式之后，这架飞机开始了大陆民航56年来的首次台湾之旅。

B．为满足广大游客的需要，华夏旅行社设计并开通了20余条红色旅游精品线路。

C．他在某杂志生活栏目上发表的那篇关于饮食习惯与健康的文章，批评的人很多。

襄樊市高中调研测试题(2005．1) 高一数学参考答案及评分标准一．选择题：ABCDD ABADB DD二．填空题：13．2314．1 15．2 16．(－1, 0)三．解答题：17．解：由题易得A ＝{x ｜－2＜x ＜3}，B ＝{x ｜x ＜－4或x ＞2} ∴{}32|<<=x x B A 4分 {}0))(3(|<--=a x a x x C6分∵C B A ⊆ ，∴⎩⎨⎧≤≥233a a 或 ⎩⎨⎧≥≤323a a 10分解得1≤a ≤2， ∴a 的取值范围是{a ｜1≤a ≤2} 12分18．证：设等比数列{a n }的首项为a 1，公比为q ，(1)当q ＝1时，S n ＝na 1，同理S 2n －S n ＝2na 1－na 1＝na 1，S 3n －S 2n ＝3na 1－2na 1＝na 1 ∴S n ，S 2n －S n ，S 3n －S 2n 是公比为1的等比数列 4分(2)当q ≠1时，n S ＝1(1)1n a q q--，6分 从而2n S －n S ＝21(1)1n a q q --－1(1)1n a q q --＝nq ·1(1)1n a q q --，8分 3n S －2n S ＝31(1)1n a q q --－21(1)1n a q q --＝2nq ·1(1)1n a q q--，10分 ∴S n ，S 2n －S n ，S 3n －S 2n 是公比为q n 的等比数列．12分19．(1)∵函数)(x f 的图象经过点M (－2，2)，∴224=b a － ① ∵1)0(1-=-f ，∴f (－1)＝0，即0=-b a ②由①②得：a ＝b ＝1 4分 (2)由(1)知：x x x f +=2)(∵x ∈[－3，－1]，∴函数值域为[0，6]6分 设x x y +=2，则22y x x =+，∴41)21(22+=+y x8分又∵x ≤－1，∴021<+x ，故41212+-=+y x即：41212+--=y x 10分 所求反函数为])6,0[(4121)(21∈+--=-x x x f12分 20．解：(1)由已知得：n n S a 222=+，即8)2(2+=n n a S 2分∴8)2(8)2(22111+-+=-=+++n n n n n a a S S a 整理得：0)4)((11=--+++n n n n a a a a4分 ∵{a n }是正数组成的数列，∴041=--+n n a a ，即41=-+n n a a 故{a n }是公差为4的等差数列6分又1112222a S a ==+ ⇒ a 1＝2 ∴a n ＝2＋(n －1)×4＝4n －2，即a n ＝4n －2．8分 (2))121121(81)24)(24(111+--=+-==+n n n n a a b n n n10分∴)]121121()7151()5131()3111[(81+--++-+-+-=n n T n 48)1211(81+=+-=n nn ．12分 21．解：(1）由21+-x x＞0得函数f (x )的定义域为{x ｜－2＜x ＜1}2分令－2＜x 1＜x 2＜1，则21log 21log )()(2221122121+--+-++-=-x x x x x x x f x f=)2211(log )()1221(log )(12212122211212++--+-=-++-+-x x x x x x x x x x x x 4分∵－2＜x 1＜x 2＜1， ∴ x 2－x 1＞0， 2111x x --＞1，2212++x x ＞1，∴22111221x x x x -++-＞1，6分∴)1221(log 22112x x x x -++-＞0 ⇒ )()(21x f x f -＞0∴f (x )为定义域上的减函数．8分 (2)由1)log 1(21-=+--x f 得：x f 2log 1)1(+-=-10分 即x 22log 12log 1+-=+，解得 x ＝8，检验后，x ＝8为原方程的解12分 22．解：(1)由题意知a －(a －3)＋a －2＝0，解得a ＝－13分(2)∵a ＝－1，∴f (x －2)＝－x 2＋4x －3＝－(x －2)2＋1，即f (x )＝－x 2＋1 ∴g (x )＝f (f (x ))＝－(－x 2＋1)2＋1＝－x 4＋2x 2 ∴F (x )＝－px 4＋(2p －q )x 2＋q 5分 (3) f (2)＝－3假设存在实数p (p ＞0)和q ，使得F (x )在区间(－∞，－3)上是增函数且在(－3，0)上是减函数． 6分 设x 1＜x 2，则：]2)()[()()(2221222121q p x x p x x x F x F -++--=-(ⅰ)当x 1、x 2∈(－∞，－3)时，∵F (x )是增函数，∴F (x 1)－F (x 2)＜0 02221>-x x ，∴02)(2221<-++-q p x x p ①又x 1＜－3，x 2＜－3，∴182221>+x x ，∴q p q p p q p x x p --=-+-<-++-162182)(2221 要使①式成立，只须－16p －q ≤09分(ⅱ) 当x 1、x 2∈(－3，0)时，∵F (x )是减函数，∴F (x 1)－ F (x 2)>0 02221>-x x ，∴02)(2221>-++-q p x x p ②又－3＜x 1＜0，－3＜x 2＜0，∴182221<+x x ，∴q p q p x x p -->-++-162)(2221 要使②式成立，只须－16p －q ≥0 12分 综合i 、ii 可知：－16p －q ＝0，即16p ＋q ＝0∴存在实数p (p ＞0)和q ，使得F (x )在区间(－∞，－3)上是增函数且在(－3，0)上是减函数． 14分。