新题型2015年12月四级真题（第1套）
Part I Writing
benefit n. 益处，好处
celebrity n.名人
critical a.关键性的
focus on集中注意力于
ignore vt.忽视
informed a.见多识广的
issue n.问题
lead to导致
make a difference改变
outlook n. 观点
point of view观点
sense vt.觉察到
Part II Listening Comprehension
abroad ad. 在国外
acquire vt. 获得
adopt vt. 采纳
advantage n. 优点
aid n. 援助
ambassador n. 大使，派驻国际组织的代表
ambulance n. 救护车
ancient a. 古代的，古老的
appeal n./vi. 呼吁
appreciate vt. 欣赏
at risk处于危险中
audience n. 观众
author n. 作者
baggage n. 行李
benefit vt. 有益于
blast n. 爆炸
bomb attack炸弹袭击
career n. 职业
charity n. [常pl.]慈善团体
childhood n. 童年
classical a. 古典的
comment n./vt. 评论
competition n. 比赛
complaint n. 投诉
complication n. 并发症constitutional n. 宪法的
context n. 环境
convince vt. 使信服，说服
critical a. 关键性的
cross-cultural a. 跨文化的
current a. 当前的
delivery n. 投递
destruction n. 破坏，毁灭destructive a. 破坏（性）的
detail n. 细节，详情
dramatic a. 突然的
due to由于
dumb a. 沉默的；愚蠢的economist n. 经济学家
empire n. 帝国
ending n. 结尾
entertain vt.使快乐
expert n. 专家
explosion n. 爆炸
facility n. 便利
factor n. 因素
feasible a. 可行的
fire engine消防车
flexible a. 灵活的
grand a. 重要的
household n. 家庭
humanitarian a. 人道主义的immunity n. 免疫
impatient a. 不耐烦的
impose vt.（on）把……强加于
in charge主管
incident n. 事件
Industrial Revolution工业革命infant n. 婴儿
infection n. 感染
influence n./vt. 影响
injure vt. 伤害
inquiry n. 询问
instance n. 例子（for instance例如）intense a. 强烈的
interaction n.相互作用
interpreter n. 口译人员
interview n. 面谈
invent vt. 发明
invention n. 发明
investigator n. 调查者
later on稍后
laugh at嘲笑
leading a. 主要的；带头的
legend n. 传说
lightning n. 闪电（lightning rod避雷针）link v. 连接，联系
loan word外来语
local a. 当地的
military a. 军事的n. [the ~]军队
naive a. 天真的
opportunity n. 机会
organization n. 组织
overseas a. （在）海外的
pass on传递
permanently ad. 永久地
philosopher n. 哲学家
pick up获得
plastic a. 塑料（制）的
polling n. 投票
popularity n.流行；受大众欢迎postpone vt. 推迟
pregnancy n. 怀孕
pressure n. 压力
professional n. 专业人员a. 专业的
rare a. 稀有的
rate n. 比率，率
reasonable a. 合理的
rescue vt./n. 救援
resort n. 采用的手段（或办法）responsibility n. 责任；职责responsible a. 需负责任的
restriction n. 限制
ribbon n. 丝带
rod n. 杆，棒
schedule n. 日程安排表
scholarship n. 奖学金
single-parent family单亲家庭
site n. 位置
skilled a. 熟练的
soar vi. 猛增
social a. 社会的；社交的
somewhat ad. 有点
strategy n. 策略
strip n. 条
studio n. 演播室
stuff n. 材料，东西
submit vt. 提交
suicide n. 自杀
superior n. 上级
surgeon n. 外科医生
survive vt. 幸免于
talent n. 天资
temper n. 脾气
terrorist n. 恐怖分子
threaten v. 威胁
ultimately ad. 最终
underway a. 进行中的
urge vt. 竭力主张；催促
useless a. 无用的
value-added tax（商品）增值税vote n. 选举
worldwide a./ad.世界范围（的）
Part III Reading Comprehension ability n. 能力
abolition n.彻底废除，废止absorb vt. 使全神贯注absorption n. 专心
abstract a. 抽象的
abundantly ad. 充足地
academic a. 学术的
access n.享用……的机会accomplish vt.完成accountability n.有责任accustomed a.（to）习惯于……的achievement n. 成就administrator n.管理人
adult n. 成年人
advocate vt.提倡
amazing a. 令人吃惊的
analysis n. 分析
argument n. 论点
assignment n. 作业
assumption n. 假定
available a. 可利用的
awful a. 极度的；可怕的backslide v. 故态复萌
bug n. 虫子
byproduct n. 副产品
capacity n. 能力
characteristic n.特性circumstance n. 环境，条件
coach n. 教练
comic n. 连环漫画（册）competence n. 能力
complete vt.完成
complex a. 复杂的
conduct vt. 进行
constant a. 持久不变的；不断的constitute vt. 组成
convince vt. 宣判某人有罪counterproductive a.起反作用的criticize vt. 批评
crucial a.至关重要的
culture n. 文化
debate n./v.讨论
decade n. 十年
decrease v./n. 减少
define vt.给……下定义depression n. 萧条期
derive vt. 取得
digest vt. 消化；吸收
digital a. 数字的
disgusting a.令人作呕的
division n. 除法
downcast a. 沮丧的
dropout n. 辍学学生
effective a. 有效的
element n. 元素；要素
enormous a. 巨大的
evolve v.（使）发展
exchange vt./n. 交换
expand v. 扩大
explore v. 探索
fascinating a. 有极大吸引力的feature n. [pl.]面貌
focus v.（on）（使）集中，聚焦fundamentally ad. 根本地，从根本上
gap n. 差距
generally ad. 普遍地
govern vt. 支配
hinder vt. 阻碍，妨碍
horrible a. 使人不愉快的ignorance n. 无知
impose vt.（on）把……强加于inequality n.不平等
Internet n. [the ~]因特网interpretation n. 解释，解读irrelevant a. 不相关的
issue n. 问题
length n.时间的长短
luxury n. 奢侈品
margin n.边缘
mass media大众传媒
media n. 传播媒介
nonsense n. 废话，无意义的词语obligation n. 责任
offense n.违法行为opportunity n.机会
overflow vi.（with）充满，洋溢peer vt. 仔细看
penalty n.处罚
permanently ad.永久地
policy n. 政策
possess vt. 拥有
poverty n. 贫穷
practicality n. 务实precondition n. 先决条件pressure vt. 对……施加压力previous a. 之前的
productive a.富有成效的proposal n. 提议，建议propose v. 建议
psychologist n. 心理学家pursue vt. 追求
reserve vt.保护
restriction n.限制revolutionize vt.彻底改革
run counter to背道而驰
scholar n. 学者
segment n.部分
seize vt.抓住
sentence n.判决
severe a. 严重的
shift n./v. 转变
slogan n. 口号
soccer n. 足球
solve vt. 解决
source n. 来源
stimulate vt. 刺激
strategy n.策略
string n. 一串vt. 用线串
structural a. 结构的
superficial a. 表面的
take sth. into account把某事物考虑在内
tend vi. 往往会
thrill n. 兴奋，激动
to some extent在某种程度上
traditional a. 传统的
try v.审问
unaffordable a. 负担不起的
undervalue vt. 低估
with regard to关于
wrap v. 包，裹
Part IV Translation
往往：tend to; usually; generally
关注：focus on; pay attention to; be concerned with
家务：housework; domestic chores
首要要求：primary requirement
名牌大学：prestigious universities
为……好：for the good of; to the benefit of
竞争激烈的社会：a highly competitive society; a society with fierce competition 保证：guarantee; ensure
取得大的成就：achieve great accomplishments; make great achievements
牺牲：at the expense of; at the price of; sacrifice
愿意：be willing to
2015年12月英语四级真题及答案第一套 Part I Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying ‘Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Section A 1. They admire the courage of space explorers. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration. They were going to watch a wonderful movie. They like doing scientific exploration very much. 2. At a gift shop. At a graduation ceremony. In the office of a travel agency. In a school library. 3. He used to work in the art gallery. He does not have a good memory. He declined a job offer form the art gallery. He is not interested in any part-time jobs. 4. Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow. He will go to the birthday party after the lecture. The woman should have informed him earlier.
2013年12月大学英语四级听力真题 PartⅡListening Comprehension(30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1. A) The woman is now working in a kindergarten. B) The man will soon start a business of his own. C) The man would like to be a high school teacher. D) The woman is going to major in child education. 2. A) The furniture has to be rearranged. B) The sound equipment has to be set up. C) The conference room has to be cleaned. D) The video machine has to be checked. 3. A) She is exhausted. B) She is near-sighted. C) She cannot finish work in time. D) She cannot go straight home. 4. A) The woman is too particular about food. B) He would rather have a meal an hour later. C) The woman should order her food quickly. D) He usually prefers ice-cream to sandwiches. 5. A) He is not a good mechanic. B) He doesn't keep his promises. C) He spends his spare time doing repairs. D) He is always ready to offer help to others. 6. A) Sam has a big family to support. B) Sam is not interested in traveling. C) The pay offered by the travel agency is too low. D) The work hours in the travel agency arc too long 7. A) International trade.
2013年12月份全国大学英语四级考试
试卷一：中餐
【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一 种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹 饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至 关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 【翻译答案】Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy.
试卷二：信息技术
【真题原文】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越 重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一 部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的， 中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 【翻译答案】As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern.
试卷三：茶文化
【真题原文】"你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而 中国人则会选茶， 相传， 中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶， 并用来治病， 在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今， 茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组 成部分。 【翻译答案】"Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.
试卷四：中国结
1
2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第2套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Listening is more important than talking.”You can cite examples to illustrate the important of paying attention to others’ opinions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A) The agenda for the board of directors’ meeting. B) The details of the meeting to be held next week. C) The reason for the man’s absence from the meeting. D) The time for the man’s visit to the woman’s company. 2. A) At a travel agency. C) In a library. B) At a department store. D) In a post office. 3. A) He cannot hear the woman’s call.C) He cannot recall the phone number. B) He cannot get through to New York. D) He cannot find a public phone nearby. 4. A) Watch a movie with the woman. C) Do some shopping with Jane. B) Revise his thesis in the office. D) Discuss his thesis with Prof Hudson. 5. A) He just cannot work properly without a watch. B) He has no idea where he can buy a gold watch. C) He still does not know where he left his watch. D) He is not sure what went wrong with his watch. 6. A) He forgot all about what he said. C) He was sorry for being off sick last week. B) He slipped and hurt his head. D) He thought the woman’s ca r had been sold 7. A) She should try to catch an earlier bus. C) She is always making excuses for being late. B) She is absent from his class too often. D) She should come up with a better excuse. 8. A) He is going to help the woman out. C) He is on his way to sec a real estate agent. B) He has to move out of the building soon. D) He will stay with the woman’s brother. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 9. A) From some of her friends. C) From a telephone directory.
2015年12月英语四级真题及答案1 Writing For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to makes something happen" You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of being creative rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words, no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1.A) They admire the courage of space explorers. B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.
2013年12月四级真题（筛选） 一、选词填空 Section A To get a sense of how women have progressed in science , take aquick tour of the physics department at the University of California, Berkeley.This is a storied place, the 36 of some of the most importantdiscoveries in modern science-starting with Ernest Lawrence's invention of thecyclotron(回旋加速器)in 1931. A generationago, female faces were 37 and, even today, visitors walkingthrough the first floor of LeConte Hall will see a full corridor of exhibits 38 themany distinguished physicists who made history here, 39 all ofthere white males. But climb up to the third floor and you'll see a 40 display.There, among the photos of current faculty members and students, are portraitsof the 41 head of the department, Marjorie Shapiro and four other womenwhose research 42 everything from the mechanics of the universe to thesmallest particles of matter. A sixth woman was hired just two weeks ago.Although they're still only about 10 percent of the physics faculty, women areclearly a presence here. And the real 43 may be in the smaller photos to the right:graduate and undergraduate students,about 20 percent of them female. Every years Berkeley sends its fresh femalephysics PhDs to the country's top universities. That makes Shapiro optimistic,but also 44. "I believethings are getting better "she says. "but they're not getting better as 45 as I would like.“注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答 A)circumstance B)confidence C)covers D)current E)deals F)different G)exposing H)fast I)honoring J)hope K)presently L)rare M)realistic N)site O)virtually This is a storied place, the 36 of some of the mostimportant discoveries in modern science-starting with Ernest Lawrence'sinvention of the cyclotron(回旋加速器)in 1931. 36. n: A. circumstance B. confidence E. deals J. hope N. site 答案：N A generation ago, female faces were 37 and,even today, visitors walking through the first
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity byencouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others. The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology. “If they know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,”says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.” A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades. In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims. 1. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ____. A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards B) the appropriate amount of external rewards C) the study of relationship between actions and D) the effects of external rewards on students' performance 2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students? A) They approve of external rewards. B) They don't think external rewards. C) They have doubts about external rewards. D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college students. 3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity? A) Give rewards for performances which deserve them. B) Always promise rewards. C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging. D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made. 4. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ____. A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students’ B) punishment is more effective than rewarding C) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standards D) discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency 5．Which of the following facts about “token economics”is not correct? A) Students are assigned challenging tasks.
2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套） Part I Writing（30 minutes） Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension（30 minutes） Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 9. A) From the wanted column. C) From a telephone directory. B) From some of her friends. D) From a television commercial. 10. A) She received full-time education abroad. C) She finished her secondary school. B) She graduated from an open university. D) She studied in a vocational college. 11. A) She is a shorthand-typist. C) She is a policewoman. B) She works as a tour guide. D) She teaches an evening class. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A) It provides him with career opportunities. C) It has been off and on for ten years. B) It helps enlarge his customer network. D) It was interrupted for four years. 13. A) Individualized service. C) Home-made beer. B) Traditional setting. D) Social games. 14. A) The quality of beer. C) The owner's attitude. B) The atmosphere. D) The right location. 15. A) It is a rather tough job．C) It helps old people kill time. B) It is a profitable business. D) It makes retirees feel useful. Section B Directions:In this section，you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A )，B)，C) and D)．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) It is becoming increasingly popular. C) It gives rise to serious social instability. B) It helps the user to escape reality. D) It hurts a person and those around them. 17. A) They use drugs just for fun. C) They use drugs as medicine. B) They take drugs to get high. D) They keep drug use a secret. 18. A) It is quite common in entertainment circles. B) It is the cause of various social problems. C) It is hard to get rid of. D) It is fatal to the user. Passage Two Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A) Taking up exercises after recovery. C) Finding new ways to cure heart disease. B) Producing tasty healthy frozen food. D) Going on a diet upon leaving the hospital. 20. A) It was carefully tested with consumers. C) It was disapproved by many diet experts. B) It was promoted by health organizations. D) It was highly expected by the general public. 21. A) Competitive price. C) Vigorous promotion. B) Low expectations. D) Unique ingredients. 22. A) It was suggested by the firm's vice-president.
2013年12月英语四级真题 作文一： For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. “Dear Andy-How are you? Your mother and I are fine.We both miss you and hope you are doing well.We look forward to seeing you again the nest time your computer crashes and you come down-stairs for something to eat,Love,Mom and Dad.” 作文二： For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Question 1 M: After high school, I’d like to go to college and major in business administration. W: But I’d rather spend my college days finding out how children learn. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? Question 2 W: Is everything ready for the conference? M: The only thing left to do is set up the microphones and speakers. They'll be here in a few minutes. Q: What preparations have yet to be made? Question 3 W: Is it almost time to go home now? I'm so tired. I can hardly see straight. M: Just a few more minutes, then we can go. Q: What is the woman’s problem? Question 4 W: I'm not sure what I’m in a mood for. Ice-cream or sandwiches? They are both really good here. M: The movie starts in an hour. And we still have to get there and park. So just make a decision. Q: What does the man mean? Question 5 W: Tom said he would come to repair our solar heater when he has time. M: He often says he is willing to help, but he never seems to have time. Q: What does the man imply about Tom? Question 6 W: So you know that Sam turns down the job offered by the travel agency.