2019年9月4日GRE填空真题回忆

2019年9月4日GRE阅读真题回忆
根据同学回忆(在此非常感谢王婉精同学和李东辉同学的贡献)，
遇到的题目有：
1. 有一篇关于competitve feast的判断标准，判断是不是challege feast 主要看财富是不是永久转移，地位提升是否能够继承。

2. 有一道是关于palace在Minoan archaeology使用中的争议问题，争议主要是在于人们在使用palace的时候总是加入presumed function of the buildings，作者建议在使用这个term(palace)应该尽可能的neutral一点，不要imply过多的functions.
3. 逻辑题是考察assumption的问题：
心理学家猜测Internet的使用会减少人们之间的face-to-face social contact进而会促成(precipitate) depression的产生，一个study发现double了Internet使用时间的用户比没有增加internet
使用时间的用户有更大的几率得depression，所以这个实验证明了心
理学家的猜想。

答案选择的assumption是：在study中人们double
了internet使用时间并不是因为之前经历了face-to-face social contact的减少。

2019年9月四级真题第一套长篇阅读uestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The fifth largest city in the US passed asignificant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税)1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia’s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the county. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It’s expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages—including low- and no-calorie choices,” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. “But most importantly, it isagainst the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax andtake legal action to stop it.”An industry backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure. characterizing it as a“grocery tax.”Public health groups applauded the approved tax asa step toward fixing certain lasting health issuesthat plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity andheart disease in poorer communities in order toreinvest in those communities will sure beinspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. “Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It’s notjust Berkeley’ anymore.”Similar measures in California’s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becominghot-button issues Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.B) It may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.D)It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?A) Bargain with the city council.B) Refuse to pay additional tax.C) Take legal action against it.D) Try to win public support.48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?A) It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers.B) It tried to win grocers’ support against the measure.C) It kept sending letters of protest to the media.D) It criticized the measure through advertising.49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B) Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.C) Add to the fund for their research on diseases.D) Benefit low-income people across the country.50. What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?A) They are becoming rather sensitive issues.B) They are spreading panic in the soda industry.C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D)They are taking away lot of profit from the soda industry.解析：46. 根据题干中的定位词及专有名词newly approved soda tax; Philadelphia回文快速定位到文章中的第2段，根据第2段的信息可得出费城新的法案的通过为全国类似法案设立了新的标准，并证明对含糖饮料进行征税能够赢得大量的支持。

2019年GRE考试填空练习试题及答案解析410、 Copyright and patent laws attempt to encourageinnovation by ensuring that inventors are paid for creative work, so it would be________if expanded protection underthese laws discouraged entrepreneurial innovation byincreasing fears of lawsuits.(A) desirable(B) coincidental(C) ironic(D) natural(E) sensible分析：本题构成了"单空格模式"，因为 encourage 和discourage 构成了对比，所以空格要表达的是负评价词。

A 令人满意的，可取的;B 一致的;C 讽刺的，矛盾的;D 自然的;E 有感觉的，意识到的，明智的。

C选项准确。

翻译：版权和专利法试图通过确保发明者能够因为他们的创造性工作而得到报酬来鼓励发明，所以，如果在这些法律之下的进一步保护因为增加了企业家的诉讼恐惧感而防碍了企业的发明，则是矛盾的。

扩展：本题所描述的情况类似中国国内的《劳动合同法》，这部法律一方面希望能保护劳动者的权益，但是另一方面因为增加了企业家的诉讼恐惧感，而限制了他们的雇用行为，反而导致了失业人数的上升。

11、 The widespread public shock at the news of theguilty verdict was caused partly by _________ news storiesthat had_________ acquittal.(A) sensational...condemned(B) buried...urged(C) impartial...mentioned(D) biased...predicted(E) local...denounced分析：空格 1 填入一个形容词，修饰"新闻报道(news stories)"，空格 2 填入一个动词，表示"新闻报道"对"无罪判决(acquittal)"做的动作。

2019年GRE考试阅读理解练习试题及答案Although the passenger pigeons, now extinct, were abundant in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century America, archaeological studies at twelfth-century Cahokian sites in the present day United States examined household food trash and found that traces of passenger pigeon were quite rare. Given that the sites were close to a huge passenger pigeon roost documented by John James Audubon in the nineteenth century and that Cahokians consumed almost every other animal protein source available, (Q2)the archaeologists conducting the studies concluded the passenger pigeon population had once been very limited before increasing dramatically inpost-Columbian America. Other archaeologists have criticized those conclusions on the grounds that passenger pigeon bones would not be likely to be preserved. But all the archaeological projects found plenty of bird bones- and even (Q1)tiny bones from fish.1. The author of the passage mentions “tiny bones from fish” primarily in order toA. explain why traces of passenger pigeon are rare at Cahokian sitesB. support a claim about the wide variety of animal proteins in the Cahokian dietC. provide evidence that confirms a theory about the extinction of the passenger pigeonD. cast doubt on the conclusion reached by the archaeologists who conducted the studies discussed in the passageE. counter an objection to an interpretation of the data obtained from Cahokian sites2. Which of the following, if true, would most call into question the reasoning of “the archaeol ogists conducting the studies”?A. Audubon was unable to correctly identify twelfth-century Cahokian sitesB. Audubon made his observations before passenger pigeon populations began to decline.C. Passenger pigeons would have been attracted to household food trashD. Archaeologist have found passenger pigeon remains among food waste at eighteenth-century human settlementsE. Passenger pigeons tended not to roost at the same sites for very many generations答案：E E。

2019年GRE填空练习题1There are no solitary, free-living creatures; every form of lifeis______other forms.(A) segregated from(B) parallel to(C) dependent on(D) overshadowed by(E) mimicked by翻译：不存有单独的，自由生活的生物;每一种生命形式总是依赖于其他生命形式。

(A)从……中隔离(B)和……并行(C)依赖……(D)被……遮蔽/超过(E)被……模仿As for the alleged value of expert opinion, one need only______ governmentrecords to see______evidence of the failure of such opinions in many fields.(A) inspect … questionable(B) retain … circumstantial(C) distribute … possible(D) consult … strong(E) evaluate … problematic翻译：谈到所谓专家意见的价值时，人们仅仅需要查询政府的档案就能发现这些观点在很多领域失败的强有力的证据。

(A)检查……可疑的(B)保持……依据情况的(C)分布……可能的(D)参考，考虑……有力的(E)评价……有问题的Noting that few employees showed any______ for complying with thecorporation's new safety regulations, Peterson was forced to conclude thatacceptance of the regulations would be----______, at best.(A) aptitude … unavoidable(B) regard … indeterminate(C) respect … negotiable(D) patience … imminent(E) enthusiasm … grudging翻译：注意到几乎没有员工对执行公司新的安全制度表现出一点热情，Peterson不得不得出结论：大家对于这个制度最多仅仅勉强接受(A)天赋，适当……不可避免的(B)关心，尊重……不能决定的(C)尊重……可通过谈判解决的(D)耐心……即将到来的(E)狂热，热情……勉强的，不情愿的Yellow fever, the disease that killed 4,000 Philadelphians in 1793, and so______ Memphis, Tennessee, that the city lost its charter, has reappeared afternearly two decades in ______ in the Western Hemisphere.(A) terrorized … contention(B) ravaged … secret(C) disabled … quarantine(D) corrupted … quiescence(E) decimated … abeyance翻译：黄热病，这种疾病在1793年导致了4000费城人死亡，同时因为导致了田纳西州的孟斐斯市人口大量死亡而使这个城市失去了它的自治市资格，在消失了20年后在西半球重新出现。

2019年GRE考试填空练习试题及答案解析2058、 Once a duckling has identified a parent, the instinctive bond becomes a powerful _________ for additional learning since, by _________ the parent, the duckling can acquire further information that is not genetically transmitted.(A) impulse...surpassing(B) referent...recognizing(C) force...acknowledging(D) inspiration...emulating(E) channel...mimicking分析：空格 1 填入一个名词，表示"本能的纽带(instinctive bound)"和"进一步学习(additional learning)"之间的关系;空格 2 填入一个现在分词，表示小鸭子对它们的"父母(parent)"做的动作，by 表示手段，所以空格 2 应该和目的以及结果一致，所以空格 2 要表现"能够获得更多不是靠遗传获得的信息(can acquirefurther information that is not genetically transmitted)"。

A 推动""超越;B 所指事物""认出，辨认;C 力量""承认;D 启发，灵感""通过模仿竞争;E 渠道""模仿。

E 选项为准确答案。

翻译：一旦小鸭子确认了其父母，本能的纽带就成为进一步学习的强有力的渠道，因为通过模仿父母，小鸭子能获得更多的不是由遗传得到的信息。

2019年9月18日GRE填空真题答案（回忆）填空1. As a historical genre, biography is best when _____, a careful reconstruction of the past in all its unfamiliar particularity.A. introspectiveB. reflectiveC. concreteD. conciseE. meticulousF. thorough2. Despite the occasional (i)_____ of their venues, the culture of corporate conferences is a deeply (ii)_____ conference, each day consisted of nearly nine hours of continuous lectures and panels enlivened by pleasantries or anything that could be construed as a joke. The only(iii)_____ sensory deprivation of the sessions came from the handsome color slides favored by the corporate presenters.A. seclusionD. sycophanticG. allusion toB. opulenceE. asceticH. ramification ofC. enormityF. mercenaryI. respite from3.There are great _____ in countries’ greenhouse gas emissions, especially in per capita terms： while the United States and China are similar in aggregate emissions, United States per capita emissions are a huge multiple of China’s.A. distortionsB. disparitiesC. fluctuationsD. advancesE. variancesF. vacillations4. The building affairs minister rightly recognizes that the current planning system—under which the government controls every aspect of construction—creates disastrous developments, but she is wrong to propose the opposite： the wholesale(i)_____ of the building market. Such a complete (ii)_____ of responsibility on the part of the state can hardly be in the public’s interest.A. liberalizationD. abnegationE. recapitulationC. regulationF. accretion5. Motivation is the hardest of all managerial tasks, and it is _____ to expect a single memo, no matter how well crafted, to have much effect on the staff’s attitude.A. ingeniousB. reasonableC. fancifulD. scrupulousE. radical6. The notion of film producers as the ogres of the movie business has proved an (i)_____ one, but according to The Producers by Tim Adler, it is not always grounded in reality. Attacking what he calls the “auteur myth”—the idea of the director as the single purveyor of art in an industry otherwise peopled with (ii)_____—he places at the heart of his book an image of the producer, not the director, as the primary (iii)_____ force in the development and production of a movie.（此题在考试时已经改成了双空题）A. accurateD. visionariesG. financialE. profitmongersH. inertialC. enduringF. innocentsI. creative7. Since the 1920s, historical fiction writers in China have emancipated the genre from the traditional notion that(i)_____ was the ultimate goal of history writing. Yet the traditional commitment to (ii)_____ was not simply (iii)_____：this new genre was expected to capture the essence ofhistorical truth even as it allowed space for the writer’s imagination.A. comprehensivenessD. veracityG. jettisonedB. factualityE. thoroughnessH. rationalizedC. entertainmentF. pleasureI. acknowledged。

2019年新GRE考试填空练习试题及答案二1 the sheer diversity of tropical plants represents a seemingly----source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.(a)exploited(b)quantifiable(c)controversial(d)inexhaustible(e)remarkable2 a common argument claims that in folk art, theartist's subordination of technical mastery to intensefeeling _____ the direct communication of emotion to the viewer.(a) facilitates(b) averts(c) neutralize(d) implies(e) represses3 it is ironic that a critic of such overwhelming vanity now suffers from a measure of the oblivion to which he was forever----others, in the end, all his----has only worked against him.(a) dedicating.. self-procession(b) leading.. self-righteousness(c) consigning.. self-adulation(d) relegating.. self-sacrifice(e) condemning.. self-analysis4 the hierarchy of medical occupations is in many ways a----system; its strata remain----and the practitioners in them have very little vertical mobility.(a) health.. skilled(b) delivery.. basic(c) regimental.. flexible(d) training.. inferior(e) cast.. intact5 although ancient tools were----preserved, enough have survived to allow us to demonstrate an occasionally interrupted but generally----proGREss through prehistory.(a) partially.. noticeable(b) superficially.. necessary(c) unwittingly.. documented(d) rarely.. continual(e) needlessly.. incessant6 it is puzzling to observe that jones's novel has recently been criticized for its______structure, sincecommentators have traditionally argued that its mostobvious_______is its relentlessly rigid, indeed schematic, framework..(a) attention to.. preoccupation(b) speculation about.. characteristic(c) parody of.. disparity(d) violation of.. contradiction(e) lack of.. flaw7 ironically, the party leaders encountered no GREater----their efforts to build a proGREssive party than the----of the proGREssives already elected to the legislature.(a) support for.. advocacy(b) threat to.. promise(c) benefit from.. success(d) obstacle to.. resistance(e) praise for.. reputation8 during the 1960's assessments of the family shifted remarkably, from general endorsement of it as a worthwhile, stable institution to widespread----it as an oppressive and bankrupt one whose----was both imminent and welcome.(a) flight from.. restitution(b) fascination with.. corruption(c) rejection of.. vogue。

2019年GRE考试填空模拟试题及答案解析7China’s rapidly growing population is the main threat facing large carnivores in the People’s Republic. Increasingly, policies aimed at limiting population growth have been (i)______; nevertheless, the country’s vast size and the isolation of many of its regions mean that human populations in areas where large carnivores still occur(ii)______. This human pressure has (iii)______ the South China tiger.解析答案：CEH解析：1月22日香港考区的三空题之一。

aimed at limiting population growth得知这些政策已经颁布了，第一空选C选项，第二空根据nevertheless，得知这些政策即使实施了，但是效果不好，所以人口还是在快速增加，第二空选E选项，第三空human pressure一定是负面的动词，所以第三空选H选项。

implement实施，can grow unchecked不加约束的增长，doom 使…在劫难逃。

翻译：中国快速增加的人口是让这个国家大型肉食生物面临的威胁。

越来越频繁的注重于限制人口增长的政策已经被执行了。

但是这个国家巨大的面积和很多地区的隔离意味着存有肉食动物的地区的人口数量会无限制地增加。

这种人口压力已经让华南虎在劫难逃了。

2019年GRE考试精选填空模拟试题及答案解析(8)
Social tensions among adult factions can be ___ by politics, but adolescents and children have no such ___ for resolving their conflict with the exclusive world of adults.
A adjusted
D attitude
B complicated
E opportunity
C intensified
F mechanism
选AF
翻译：成人派系间的紧张局势能够通过政治手段调和，但他们不会和孩子讲这个套。

tension 拉力，张力，紧张状态、情绪、局势
exclusive 排他的，排外的，单独享有的
adjust 调整，调节，整顿，安排，使适合、适合
intensify 增强，加剧
politics 政治活动，政治手段
attitude 心态，看法，姿势，姿态
mechanism 办法，途径，手段，技巧，机械装置，机械系统
but。

第一空选adjust调和、解决，跟后面的 resolving 对应理解。

第二空选mechanism，在此句中做办法、途径、手段讲，政治politics也是一种解决问题的方式、手段。