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2011年广西翻译大赛初赛卷Part I Passage Translation (60%)Direction: Translate the following passage into ChineseHow to Get out of Jury DutyThe mailman delivers good news and bad news. Topping the “bad news” list for many people who live in Los Angeles is a jury summons. This document tells you that you must respond by mail or phone for possible service on a jury. Many people feel that jury duty is a boring chore and would prefer not doing it.In fact, court clerks say that the most common question they hear is: Why do I have to serve? The official response is: Jury duty is a responsibility that all qualified citizens must share. If you are a citizen, if you can read and understand English, if you‟re over 18 years old, and if you‟re not a felon, you are eligible for jury duty. If you ignore the summons, you might be fined up to $1,500.A jury trial might last one day or one month. If you work for the government, this is no problem, because the government will pay you your regular salary while you are on jury duty. However, if you are self-employed, you lose your regular income for that time period. Instead of your regular income, you get $15 a DAY for sitting on a jury. This is another reason people try to avoid jury duty.Jack got the bad news yesterday. Even though he was retired and sat around all day watching reruns of old movies, he told his wife Polly he wasn‟t going to be a juror. He hated jury duty and he was not going to let the courts interfere with h is retirement.“So how do you think you are going to get out of it?” Polly asked, both amused and irritated. “Are you going to claim that you‟re dead? Or are you going to tell them you‟ve moved out of the country?”“No, both of those involve too much paperwork. I‟ve got a better idea. It‟s a medical excuse. It says here that if you have a physical disability, you can be dismissed.”“What‟s your disability? Your 'bad back' doesn't allow you to sit in a chair watching reruns all day?”“No. Something better than that. I‟ve got gas. It‟ll offend the other jurors and everyone else in the courtroom. They‟ll have to open all the windows or issue gas masks.”“But there‟s one problem. You don‟t have gas.”“But I know how to create it. I‟ll eat a lot of peanuts and fruit the morning that I go to court. As soon as they get a whiff of my …problem,‟ they‟ll tell me to go home and stay home.”“That‟s a brilliant idea!” Polly said, as she rolled her eyes. At least it would get him out of the house for one day, she thought.Part II Sentence Translation 40%Translate the following sentences into English (8% each)1.作为教师，你的第一要务就是掌握清晰、准确表达自己的能力和引用恰当的事例来解释你的想法。
_____________________学院2010—2011学年度第一学期期末考试《翻译理论与实践》试题A卷一、用直译法翻译下列习语。
（每小题1分，共10分）1. eye for eye, tooth for tooth.2. strike while the iron is hot.3. to show one’s cards4. to kill two birds with one stone.5. shed crocodile’s tears6. shuttle diplomacy7. misfortunes never come singly 8. met one’s Waterloo9. a drop in the ocean 10. Example is better than precept二、用意译法翻译下列习语。
（每小题1.5分，共15分）11. Shed crocodile’s tears 12. met one’s Waterloo13. at one single stroke 14.the stitch in time15. break the ice 16. illusory joy17. Take a French leave 18. Leave no stone unturned19. as poor as a church mouse 20. eat no fish三、根据括号里的要求翻译句子。
（每小题3分，共30分）21. He favored the efforts to improve relations with all peace-loving countries.（增译法）22. The supervisor urged the easing of tensions between them. （增译法）23. When the students finished all the books they had brought, they opened the lunch and ate it. （省译法）24. Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. （省译法）25. A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial. （转换法）26. Careful comparison of them will show you the difference。
2010年广西师大汉教真题解析汉语基础名词解释（共4小题，每小题3分，共12分）1音位 2.修辞 3.会话含义 4.《说文解字》简答题（共4小题，每小题8分，共32分）举例说明调值和调类的区别和联系。
基本语汇具有什么特点，举例说明。
举例说明语言演变具有什么样的特点？什么是古今字和异体字？两有什么不同？分析题（共5小题，第1,2,3,4小题各10分，每小题5分，共60分）用国际音标给下列词语注音（普通话）。
椅子（2）线条（3）耐劳用义素分析方法分析下列这一组词的义素。
走，跑，跳根据要求分析下列短语。
用层次分析法分析层次并说明层次关系，他会不会把这个消息泄露出去。
指出歧义短语的意义，并说明产生歧义的原因：哥哥在火车上画画。
用句子成分分析法分析下列句子（分析符号：主语===，谓语______，宾语～～～，定语：（），状语[]，补语<>）连长派小王去通知李三谋来连部开会。
战士们把打捞出来的战利品装在小船上。
下列三组例子中的“也好”在语法和语义有什么不同，加以解释。
A:一曲唱完，他快活地叫道：“唱得好，词也好。
”B:彭德怀边吃边说这鱼确实不错，他的味道也好。
（2）A:周恩来和颜悦色地说：“那也好，就留着给我明天早上吃吧！”B:套谈话，他们不准，我们盼望能有个同学来通个消息也好。
A:道理已经很简单，河北也好，中国也好，必须转变这种高耗能，高污染，不可持续的经济增长模式。
B:当地人都很喜欢我，干部也好，老百姓也好，藏人也好，汉人也好，都很愿意帮助我，所以我没受到太大冲击。
改错题：改正错误，并说明理由（（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）1.昨天，我们八个科长小组的成员都参加了市里组织的竞赛。
2.这届学术研讨会是由中文系为主持单位召开的。
3.这个问题，去年热烈地在这里讨论过。
4.从事这种工作的人，他们的思想负担和精神状态往往是沉重的。
5.这个工厂，由于生产搞上去了，因此各项政策也落实了。
阅读下列句子，回答下列问题，（共4小题，第一个问题12分，第2,3,4，问题各8分，共36分）景公走狗死，公令外共之棺，内给之祭。
2005英译汉Nearly 20 years ago, Amory Lovins first advocated energy efficiency rather than increasing energy supplies, Seen then as a gadfly, he now advises industry and government on the cost benefits of conservation, based on research at his Rocky Mountain Institute. For example, over its lifetime each fluorescent bulb adds 1,000 kilograms less carbon dioxide to the atmosphere than an incandescent bulb and reduces electric bills.差不多20年前，艾默利洛温斯第一次倡导提高能源的使用效率，而不是增加能源供应量。
那时候，他被看成是一只牛虻，很讨厌。
根据他在落基山研究院的的研究，他又给工厂和政府在环境保护的成本效益方面提出了建议。
例如：终其一生，使用荧光灯向空气中排放的二氧化碳要比使用日光灯少近1000千克，并且能减少电费。
2005汉译英多数事情是不能没有朋友而独自享受，但是阅读却是可以的。
当我们独自坐在家中时，我们能漫游世界，并且能够明白成千上万种事情产生的道理。
我们生活在，却能与生活在数千年前的人交谈。
读书能丰富我们的阅历：使我们能体验到别人对生活的感受，哪怕他们生活在千里之外，或数百年前。
Most times, we cannot enjoy something alone but except reading. When we sat home and read alone, we could travel around the world and understand the reasons of tens of thousands of things. We are living in the modern society but we can communicate with people, who lived thousands of years ago. Reading can enrich our experience and help us learn other people’s feeling, even if they lived a thousand miles away, or hundreds of years ago.2006英译汉……which seems to be almost universally understood: intelligence is an excellence of mind that is employed within a fairly narrow, immediate, and predictable range; it is a manipulative, adjustive, unfailingly practical quality-one of the most eminent and endearing of the animal virtues, Intelligence works within the framework of limited but clearly stated goals, and may be quick to shear away questions of thought that do not seem help in reaching them. Finally, it is of such universal use that it can daily be seen at work and admired aike by simple or complex minds.译文：这几乎被普遍接受----大脑的智力利用只局限于非常小的直接的可预测的范围。
2010 National English Contest for College Students(Level C - Final)参考答案及作文评分标准Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)1. A2. C3. B4. B5. ASection B (10 marks)6. B7. A8. B9. C 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. CSection C (5 marks)16. B 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. ASection D (10 marks)21. marketing manager 22. October 1999 23. technology first designed 24. lasers 25. economical 26. fuel consumption rate 27. colours 28. official launch 29. the Internet 30. citiesPart II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C Part III Cloze (10 marks)46. Construction 47. by 48. excess 49. set 50. scheduled 51. forged 52. equivalent 53. accelerates 54. for 55. thatPart IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Section A (10 marks)56. Because it is the first of its kind.57. By using very simple language.1 - -58. To support children with different types of disability or communication problems.59. A 60. BSection B (10 marks)61. Trinity College62. (the) most valuable and representative63. The Municipal Gallery of Modern Art.64. Thursday.65. The tomb of Jonathan Swift.Section C (10 marks)66. F 67. F 68. T 69. saving and studying seeds 70. they may die out / be extinctSection D (10 marks)71. economic prosperity 72. physical activity 73. High-fat diet 74. 20 or 30 75. 24 hours a day Part V Translation (20 marks)Section A (10 marks)76. 各种大型的促销活动将在杭州的各区县举办遥77. 面对全球经济低迷袁本次休闲购物节是杭州市举办的系列活动之一袁旨在刺激消费尧吸引更多的旅游者遥78. 从家庭用具和服装到日常用品袁市里主要的零售店将提供优惠的价格袁当地市民将从中受益遥79. 一些饭店甚至会提供免费食物袁由他们提供的食物和服务所赢得的美誉袁将使他们日后受益遥80. 突显中国传统和现代风格的丝绸时装展览会将在杭州的商业中心武林路举办遥Section B (10 marks)81. The police have received the complaint, and they are looking into it.82. His failure to answer these questions made the police suspicious.83. Eventually, it gave me the motivation to start my own successful firm in Washington, DC.84. When you change your perspective, your life can be enhanced and your happiness enriched.85. Being a good listener will not only make you more patient, but will also improve yourrelationships.2 - -Part VI IQ Test (5 marks)86. 2. Start at the top and then move right to left along the second row, then back left to rightalong the third row etc, repeating the numbers 36942.87. 28. Each of the seven numbers occurs eight times. Once with itself, and once with each of theother six numbers. It follows that there are 28 dominoes.88. T Q O. The first letters skip forward two places then one place from the front of the alphabet,and the second set skips two places then one place back from the end.89. 8%. 81+82+77+68=308. Amongst 100 pupils, this gives 3 losses each, and 4 losses to 8 pupils.90. B1.Part VII Writing (30 marks)参考范文略遥Task I 应用文评分标准一、 评分原则：1. 本题满分为 10 分遥2. 评分时袁先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次袁然后以该档次的要求来衡量尧 确定或调整本档次袁最后给分遥3. 词数少于 100 的袁从总分中减去2 分遥4. 如书写较差袁以致影响阅卷袁将分数降低一个档次遥二、 各档次的给分范围和要求：第四档院9要10分完全符合写作格式的要求袁覆盖所有内容要点袁表达思想清楚袁文字通顺袁连贯性很好袁基 本上无词汇和语法错误遥第三档院6要8 分基本符合写作格式的要求袁有个别地方表达思想不够清楚袁文字基本通顺尧连贯袁有少量词 汇和语法错误遥第二档院3要5 分未恰当完成写作格式的要求袁漏掉内容要点袁表达思想不清楚袁文字多处出现词汇和语法 错误袁影响了对写作内容的理解遥3 - -第一档院1要2 分未完成写作格式的要求袁明显遗漏主要内容袁表达思想紊乱袁有较多词汇和语法的重大错误袁未能将信息传达给读者遥0分白卷曰作文与题目毫不相关曰内容太少袁无法评判曰所写内容无法看清遥Task II 议论文评分标准一、 评分原则：1. 本题满分为 20 分遥2. 评分时袁先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次袁然后以该档次的要求来衡量尧 确定或调整本档次袁最后给分遥3. 词数少于 140 的袁从总分中减去2 分遥4. 如书写较差袁以致影响交流袁将分数降低一个档次遥二、 各档次的给分范围和要求：第四档院16要20分完全符合写作格式的要求袁覆盖所有内容要点袁表达思想清楚袁文字通顺袁连贯性很好袁基 本上无词汇和语法错误遥第三档院11要15分基本符合写作格式的要求袁有个别地方表达思想不够清楚袁文字基本通顺尧连贯袁有少量词 汇和语法错误遥第二档院6要10分未恰当完成写作格式的要求袁漏掉内容要点袁表达思想不清楚袁文字多处出现词汇和语法 错误袁影响了对写作内容的理解遥第一档院1要5 分未完成写作格式的要求袁明显遗漏主要内容袁表达思想紊乱袁有较多词汇和语法的重大错 误袁未能将信息传达给读者遥0分白卷曰作文与题目毫不相关曰内容太少袁无法评判曰所写内容无法看清遥4 - -。
2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第I卷第一部分，听力（共两节，满分30分）回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
挺完美段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15B ￡.9.15C .￡9.18答案是B.1.Why will dorotl de on the weeknd?A.Go out weeknd endB.Work on her paper.C.Make some plans.2.What was the normal price of the T-shirt?A.$15B. $30C. $503.What has the woman decided to do on Sunday aftermoon?A.To attend a wedding+B. To visit an exhibition.C. To meet a friend.4.Where dose the bank close on Satuerday ?A.At 1:00 pmB. At 3:00 pmC. At 4:00 pm5.Where are the speakers?A.In a storeB. In a classroomC. In a hotel.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小问题，从题中所给的A、B、C、三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2010年翻译真题解析与译文 2010年考研英语翻译原文：One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly one economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these ereatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance. When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it, we invent excuses to give it economic importance.At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing. 46. Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them, the evideuce had to be comic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. we have no land ethic yet. 47. But we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A panallel situation exists in respect of predatory mamals and fish-eating birds. 48. Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,or that they prey only on “worthless species”.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly .or have too low a sale vale to pay as imeber crops. 49. In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided.50. It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. Without the uneconomic pats.翻译参考译文：46．Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.词汇理解：jump to the rescue（赶来拯救），shaky（站不脚的），to the effect that(其大意是)；eat up(吃光)，fail to(没有)。
The Essay and the Essayist 散文和散文匠(上外真题，2010）2011-10-18 22:44:01The Essay and the Essayist散文和散文匠The essayist is a self-liberated man, sustained by the childish belief that everything he thinks about, everything that happens to him, is of general interest. He is a fellow who thoroughly enjoys his work, just as people who take bird walks enjoy theirs. Each new excursion of the essayist, each new "attempt," differs from the last and takes him into new country. This delights him. Only a person who is congenitally self-centered has the effrontery and the stamina to write essays.散文创作之人乃自我解束之人，通常怀揣孩童般天真的念想，认为其所想所遇之事皆情趣盎然。
如遛鸟之人自娱自乐，其工作之时乐在其中。
每一次崭新的创作之旅，皆为有别于前一次的全新的“尝试”，将其领入全新的天地，令其心花怒放。
唯有天生孤芳自赏之人，才能拥有果敢与耐性，撰写散文。
There are as many kinds of essays as there are human attitudes or poses, as many essay flavors as there are Howard Johnson ice creams. The essayist arises in the morning and, if he has work to do, selects his garb from an unusually extensive wardrobe: he can pull on any sort of shirt, be any sort of person, according to his mood or his subject matter----philosopher scold, jester, raconteur, confidant, pundit, devil's advocate, enthusiast. I like the essay, have always liked it, and even as a child was at work, attempting to inflict my young thoughts and experiences on others by putting them on paper. I early broke into print in the pages of St. Nicholas.但凡人类，遇事态度不一，姿态不同；霍华德•约翰逊牌冰淇林口味也多种多样；散文创作亦是如此，一千位作者会产生一千部迥异之作。
广西学位英语课文翻译：Unit Two移民的挑战01 Para. 1 There are many reasons why someone leaves his orher homeland to live in another country. =人们远离家乡，侨居国外的原因很多。
02 For some, the decision is economic; they believe that theymay have better opportunities to make more money in anotherplace. =对一些人来说，是出于经济上的考虑。
他们觉得，在别的地方会有更多赚钱机会。
03 For others, the motivation is adventure, wanting to trysomething very different in life. =对另一些人来说，是出于冒险，想尝试别样的生活。
04 Still others immigrate to a new country because they thinkthat the values of that country might better suit their own ideals.=还有一些人移居国外是因为他们认为，那里的价值观与他们的理想比较吻合。
05 Para. 2 People who emigrate for financial reasons are oftenmisguided. =那些出于经济原因移民的人常被误导。
06 They may have heard fanciful stories of untold riches, but itis seldom so easy. =他们可能听说过无数发财致富的故事，但情况绝非如此简单。
07 If it were, the people in the country to which they wanted tomove would all be earning multimillions. =要果真如此，他们要去的那个国家的人早就赚了几百万了。
2010年“东方正龙杯”第二届广西翻译大赛(决赛卷)（2010年12月5日13：00—14：00）院校名称：系别/专业：姓名：参赛座位号：总分：参赛注意事项：一、12：50入场完毕；比赛时间一个小时，即13：00至14：00；二、入场后严格按照监考老师安排的座位坐下；三、不许携带和翻看任何形式的词典或其他工具书和参考书籍；四、严格遵守考场纪律，不许交头接耳，不许偷看抄袭他人答案；五、需用圆珠笔或钢笔来答题，尽可能书写清晰、整齐；六、参赛选手答题完毕或比赛时间结束时须上交赛卷，不许带走赛卷；七、凡严重违反考场纪律者被取消参赛资格。
Part I Passage Translation from English into Chinese(60%) Direction: Translate the Following Passage into ChineseNight after night, she came to tuck me in, even long after my childhood years. Following her longstanding custom, she'd lean down and push my long hair out of the way, then kiss my forehead.I don't remember when it first started annoying me — her hands pushing my hair that way. But it did annoy me, for they felt work-worn and rough against my young skin. Finally, one night, I shouted out at her, "Don't do that anymore —your hands are too rough!" She didn't say anything in reply. But never again did my mother close out my day with that familiar expression of her love.Time after time, with the passing years, my thoughts returned to that night. By then I missed my mother's hands, missed her goodnight kiss on my forehead. Sometimes the incident seemed very close, sometimes far away. But always it lurked, in the back of my mind.Well, the years have passed, and I'm not a little girl anymore. Mom is in her mid-seventies, and those hands I once thought to be so rough are still doing things for me and my family. She's been our doctor, reaching into a medicine cabinet for the remedy to calm a young girl's stomach or soothe the boy's scraped knee. She cooks the best fried chicken in the world... gets stains out of blue jeans like I never could...Now, my own children are grown and gone. Mom no longer has Dad, and on special occasions, I find myself drawn next door to spend the night with her. So it was late on Thanksgiving Eve, as I slept in the bedroom of my youth, a familiar hand hesitantly run across my face to brush the hair from my forehead. Then a kiss, ever so gently, touched my brow.In my memory, for the thousandth time, I recalled the night my young voice complained, "Don't do that anymore —your hands are too rough!" Catching Mom's hand in hand, I blurted out how sorry I was for that night. I thought she'd remember, as I did. But Mom didn't know what I was talking about. She had forgotten — and forgiven — long ago.That night, I fell asleep with a new appreciation for my gentle mother and her caring hands. And the guilt that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found.Translation:每一夜，母亲都来为我盖被，甚至在我长大之后也如此。
在她为我掖好被子后，她会弯腰为我把长发理好，然后亲吻我的额头。
我记不清是何时开始，她为我整理头发的那双手让我感到厌烦。
当那双过度操劳而粗糙的手碰触我的皮肤时，我确实感到烦躁。
直到那一晚，我朝她喊道：“别再梳我的头发了，你的手太粗糙！”当时她什么也没说，但是至此之后，母亲再也没有用这种熟悉的爱的方式为我结束一天的生活。
这么多年来，一次又一次的，我的思绪总回到那一夜。
每一次，我想念我母亲的手，想念她亲吻我的额头，向我说晚安。
有时这情景会特别真切，有时又很遥远。
但它总是潜伏着，藏在我的脑海里。
然而，岁月流逝，我已经不再是个小女孩了。
妈妈也接近七十四五岁了，她那双我曾认为粗糙的手仍然在为我和我的家庭操劳着。
她是我们的医生，从药箱里给找出药物缓解我女儿的腹痛，又或给我儿子擦伤的膝盖上敷药。
她能做出世界上最美味的烤鸡。
她能把我从来都洗不掉的牛仔裤的污渍除掉。
现在，我自己的儿女已经长成离家，母亲也没有了父亲的陪伴。
在某些特别的日子下，我会不禁来到隔壁和母亲一块过夜。
那是感恩节的深夜，我睡在儿时的卧房中，一只熟悉的手犹豫地摸过我的脸颊，梳理我额前的乱发。
然后一个吻，轻轻地，落在我的眉头上。
我曾无数次的想起那晚，我那年轻的声音抱怨着：“别再梳我的头发了，你的手太粗糙！”我握住母亲的手，脱口说出我对那晚所说的话是多么的后悔和抱歉。
那一夜，我在重新感受母亲的温柔和她那关爱的双手之下，深深睡去。
而我多年来心怀的内疚也烟消云散。
Part II Passage Translation from Chinese into English(40%)Direction: Translate the Following Passages into English1、我的志向是做一个好公民以便能给国家效力。
然而，做一个好公民不是一件容易的事情。
他有许多责任要尽。
一个好公民第一件责任是爱他的国家。
他须准备为国家牺牲自己的生命。
他第二件责任是服从法律并且帮助政府维持治安。
如果人人都能这样做的话，国家必定富强。
2、一个小心选择朋友的人一定会从他们那里获得益处。
为什么？因为在这个世界里假朋友比真朋友要多。
有一个真朋友要比有一百个假朋友来得好。
凡是当面奉承你的朋友不是真朋友。
我们必须和凡是具有良好品格和心地善良的人交朋友。
反过来说，我们应尽力避免结交坏人。
Translation:1. My aim is to be a good citizen so as to serve the country. However, being a good citizen is not a easy thing. He needs to undertake lots of duties. The first duty of being a good citizen is to love his country. He must be ready to sacrifice even his own life for his country. The second duty is to comply with the law and to help the government to maintain the peace and the order. If everyone can fulfill these duties, the country will be prosperous and strong.2. A man who chooses his friends carefully will definitely benefit from them. Why is that? Because there are much more false friends than true friends in this world. Owning a real friends is better than having a hundred of false ones. Those who flatter you to your face is not a real friend. We need to make friends with those who have a good character and a kind heart. Conversely, we should try hard to avoid the association with the bad people.。
