复旦研究生英语Unit Seven

New varieties of rice and other crops， resistant to insects and disease ，will have replaced those cultivated today. Farmers will no longer lose substantial proportions of the less developed countries. Health benefits will also come from plants genetically engineered to be more balanced nutritionally than those that have evolved through natural selection or been bred by traditional methods.
the margin of error, are correspondingly
reduced.
翻译：从一种植物到另一种植物，生物技术允许单个基
因精确地移动。很容易了解到，一个基因在其新的环境 将如何进行工作的。意想不到的可能的结果以及误差是 相应地在减少。 •疑问：The likelihood of unexpected consequences, and the margin of error, are correspondingly reduced. •这句话怎么翻译？ unexpected consequences, the margin
如果研究和发展被允许继续下去，所有产品 都将会增值。
疑问：the products will be there for all to appreciate— —是指产品会增值还是指产品会被人们所欣赏？

研究生新阶英语阅读Unit7原文SportsmanshipSports build character and help to develop important skills.Sports may not make one a better person,but by showing much of what is best in us,it can help.It may not bring spiritual enlightenment,but it does display the spirit's dazzling glow.Sportsmanship is a style and an attitude,and it isn't just reserved for the people on the field.Cheerleaders,fans,and parents also need to be aware of how they behave during competition.Presented here are three articles centering on issues related to sportsmanship from different perspectives, which are hoped to enlighten,whether athlete or not,about the essence of sports both on and off the field so as to have a positive influence on everyone around us.IntroductionWhether we like it or not,sportsmanship in sports is a direct reflection of our own ethics in real life.Sportsmanship like ethics concerns both the character and the actions of an athlete.The image you project as an athlete is a product of your character.Good sportsmanship is not just what you do on the field,it is hopefully the way you conduct your life both on and off the field.If we all perform to the best of our abilities within the concept of good sportsmanship,we should all have an enjoyable season and possibly,just possibly,our lives may just be a little richer.Topics for Discussion1.Sportsmanship is defined as:playing fair,following the rules of the game,respecting the judgment of referees and officials and treating opponents with respect.So what is your understanding about sportsmanship?2.What does it take to demonstrate good sportsmanship in real-life situations?Can you give some concrete examples that an athlete can do?Gold Rush**So much to do,so little time.The100-meter dash is at once the shortest foot race in the Olympics,the longest running and the most fabled.It has belonged to Harold Abrahams,Jesse Owens,Bob Hayes,Carl Lewis,Wilma Rudolph and Flo-Jo,not to mention a man named Stella.Ever since Antwerp in1920,when Charley Paddock gulped down a raw egg in a glass of sherry and defeated five rivals with a time of10.8sec.,the winner has been declared"the world's fastest human."Basically,the race is10sec.that lasts a lifetime. Adding to its allure for the1996Centennial Games is the convergence of time and distance:100years,100meters.What's more, Atlanta seems to have been handed two l00th-anniversary gifts from the Greek gods in the form of a matching set of tantalizing his-and-hers100s.The very first race in the1896Athens Olympics was a preliminary heat of the100.The eventual winner of the race was a Bostonian named Thomas Burke,who after winning the final in12.0sec.went on to become a lawyer and a journalist;he was also the official starter for the first Boston Marathon in1897.Americans have long dominated the event,winning14of22Olympic100s, finishing one-two seven times and sweeping the medals twice.Interestingly enough,three of the first seven winners acquired law degrees,including Abrahams,the Brit whose1924race against anti-Semitism was chronicled in the film Chariots of Fire.The greatest track athlete of all time,of course,was Jesse Owens.The son of Alabama sharecroppers,Owens said his secret was,"I let my feet spend as little time on the ground as possible.'In Berlin in1936he began his assault on Hitler's Aryan-superiority theory with his victory in the100,the first of his four gold medals.African Americans would in fact win all but three Olympic100s from1932to1968. The blessing of modern professionalism is that runners can keep running;Owens had to resort to racing thoroughbreds in exhibitions,and the1964and1968winners,Bob Hayes and Jim Hines,turned to pro football for their livelihood.The first of Carl Lewis'eight gold medals came in the100in the1984Los Angeles Games.When his father died in1987,Lewis placed that medal in his coffin and said,"I want you to have this because it was your favorite event."Seeing his mother's surprise, Lewis said,"Don't worry,I'll get another one."He did,but only as a consequence of the greatest scandal in Olympic history:the1988 100m.Canadian sprinter Ben Johnson,whose motto was"When the gun goes off,the race is over,"flashed across the finish line in Seoul in a world-record time of9.79sec.Unfortunately,when his urine.test came in it was all over for Johnson.Lewis,the second-place finisher,was awarded the gold.The women of the100also have a rich history,dating back to Amsterdam in1928,when a16-year-old from Riverdale,Illinois,Betty Robinson,won the race—the very first track event for women—with a time of12.2sec.What made Robinson's victory so remarkable was that the Olympics were only her fourth track meet.The1932winner was Stanislawa Walasiewicz of Poland,who was better known in the U.S.,her second country,as Stella Walsh.According to an official,Walsh ran"with long,manlike strides."The reason for that became clear some48years later when Walsh,an innocent bystander,was killed in a robbery attempt in Cleveland.An autopsy revealed she was actually a man.There was no mistaking the sex of the great Wilma Rudolph,"who was a young mother when she won the100,the first of her three gold medals,at the Rome Olympics in1960.She in turn passed the baton to another Tennessee State runner,Wyomia Tyus,who won in both1964and1968to become the first runner,man or woman,to win an Olympic sprint twice.African-American women have also won the past three100s:Evelyn Ashford in1984,the flamboyant Florence Griffith-Joyner in1988and Gail Devers in1992.When Harold Abrahams went to the starting line in Paris in1924,his coach,Sam Mussabini,told him,"Only think of two things—the report of the pistol and the tape.When you hear the one,just run like hell till you break the other."There is a little more to the100than that.Even though it's over in a heartbeat,the race has three distinct stages:start,acceleration and deceleration.The start itself has two components,the reaction to the gun and the angle of takeoff.Says Brigham Young University track coach Willard Hirschi: "If you come up too quickly,you lose acceleration.If you lean too far,you can stumble.It is like an airplane taking off—there is an ideal angle at which you can generate speed."To get up to speed—about23m.p.h.at their fastest—runners have to be careful not to try too hard.As Hirschi says,"Speed and effort are not synonymous."Then,once they reach top speed at40m,the key becomes economy of motion."That's why Carl Lewis always looked like he was eating everyone for lunch,"says Hirschi."He was slowing down the least."Levis,now35,was unable to qualify for the100in Atlanta,but the finals will still have tremendous wattage on evening of July27. Among the contestants will be Barcelona's prickly champ,Linford Christie of Britain;Ato Boldon of Trinidad by way of UCLA;Canada's two heirs to Ben Johnson,world champion Donovan Bailey and Bruny Surin;and Frankie Fredericks of Namibia and Brigham Young University.Fredericks,who is coached by Hirschi and is employed on the business side of a Namibian uranium mine,has been positively radioactive of late,running the second-and third-fastest100s in history and then ending Michael Johnson's21-race winning streak in the200.There are also the three sprinters who will be trying to keep the U.S.from losing its first Olympic100on its own soil:Dennis Mitchell,Mike Marsh and Jon Drummond,a preacher's son who still sings with the gospel group Kirk Franklin and the Family.While the men's100has a global feel to it,the women's dash could be a hometown celebration for pre-race favorite Gwen Torrence,who grew up in nearby Decatur,Georgia,and lives in Livonia."God sent[the Olympics]here to make up for what happened to me in1992,"Torrence has said,referring to the Barcelona100,when she finished fourth and then accused two of the three medalists of drug use.All three of those medalists—Devers,Juliet Cuthbert of Jamaica and Irina Privalova of Russia—will be back,which shouldmake for some interesting stares as the women line up for the start."You can just imagine what the air of the Olympics is going to be when that100begins,"says Mitchell,who would love to redeem himself after finishing third to Christie and Fredericks in Barcelona."It's going to be just crazy.I don't even know if I can handle it,and I'm one of the athletes competing."All that anticipation over something takes just10seconds.All that importance is attached to just six grams of gold.。

It’ll greatly help one to be useful and his country heart and soul.
Suggestion：
First, Understanding. Second, Self-control. Third, By thinking small.
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
---- THE SIXTH TEAM
Second, Байду номын сангаасelf-control.
People use their self-control to break bad habits and establish good ones, and then life can run smoothly and successfully.
Third, By thinking small.
UNIT7 ON HUMAN NATURE
主讲人：
Critical Thinking — Step Two (Question 1)
CONTENTS:
O Question O View O Suggestion
Question :
As far as schools are concerned, what do you think they can do to make human nature closer to perfection?
As far as school concerned, we should start small.
For instance, by pulling together many small habits ,especially for avoiding temptations and problems, one can get a good human nature.

UNIT71. Several leading modern business leaders seem, surprisingly, to downplay the importance of strategy. You can make too much fuss about strategy, they imply--- you have a few clear options; just choose one and get on with it. is it really that simple?2. “Strategy is straightforward---just pick a general direction and implement like hell.”Jack Welch, for example---the chairman and CEO of the USA’s General Electric Company; the man who grow the company from a market capitalization of $27 billion to a $140 billion, making GE the largest and most valuable company in the world. he must know a thing or two about strategy. But here’s what he says: “In real life, strategy is actually very straightforward. You pick a general direction and you implement like hell.”Or Allan leighton, the man who was recruited by Archie Norman to help res cue the UK’s ailing Asda supermarket chain, and went on to build the company into one of Britain’s most successful retailers. “Strategy is important,” says Leighton, “but it is a compass, not a road map. It tells you in which direction you are heading, but the important bit is how you get there.”Or Louis Gerstner, the man who rescued IBM in the 1990’s when the struggling mainframe supplier was about to be driven into extinction by the new, smaller and more agile personal computer manufacturers. “It is extremely difficult to develop a unique strategy for a company; and if the strategy is truly different, it is probably highly risky. Execution really is the critical part of a successful strategy. Getting it done, getting it done right, getting it done better than the next person is far more important than dreaming up new visions of the future.”3. So strategy is simple. And having an ingenious new strategy is less important than carrying it out successfully. In fact it might be dangerous. It that right?Let’s look at one last quote from Mr. Welch. “When I became CEO in 1981, we launched a highly publicized initiative: be number one or number two in every market, and fix, sell or close to get there. This was not our strategy, although I’ve often heard it descri bed that way.It was a galvanising mantra to describe how we were going to do business going forward. Our strategy was much more directional. GE was going to move away from businesses that were being commoditized toward businesses that manufactured high-value technology products or sold services instead of things.”Grand strategy versus strategy4. I would argue that these CEO’s blue chip corporations are taking a slightly Olympian view of the concept of “strategy.” Let’s call what hey are talking about “grand strategy” a strategy, but in the overarching sense, like the American car industry saying that they are going to move out gas-guzzlers and into smaller, more fuel-efficient models. 1.一些领先的现代企业领导人似乎，奇怪的是，淡化战略的重要性。