上海中级口译笔记符号

口译笔记常用符号4.3.2 口译笔记常用符号在学会了对原语进行逻辑和思维路线再现之后，用适当的符号替换逻辑或者思维再现图中的部分文字，实际上就是口译笔记了，当然在真实的口译实践中，笔记还可以更进一步地简化。

相当多的口译初学者觉得口译员使用的符号很神秘，看起来像天书一样，进而“神话”口译员的工作。

其实口译员使用的符号主要来自于原语、译入语，小部分借用了速记符号。

现在我们看看口译员常用的符号来源：4.3.2.1 汉字、汉字偏旁部首、古汉语、简化汉字、拼音大university, adult, generous, open-minded, large-size…中middle school, medium-sized, intermediate, in the middle of, neutral,…小primary (elementary), kid, children, mea n, petty,…凝聚ningju或者nju饕餮taotie或者ttie“戈”可以用来代替“武器”偏旁部首举例：简化汉字举例：4.3.2.2 英语、英语字母英语单词的缩写规律：保留单词的辅音，去除元音，当然首字母是元音必须保留。

一般保留三至五个辅音就可以帮助回忆整个单词，例如：impoverishment: impvrdebility: dbltrejuvenate: rjvndepartment: dptstandard: stdreference: rfr口译学习者还需要记住常用国际组织、专用名词、国家名及其首都名的缩写，例如：UN, UNESCO, NATO, APEC, OPEC, …Intellectual property protection: IPPNK, SK, CN, US, UK…口译学习者还可以自己开动脑筋，充分发挥自己的创造性和想象力，开发出简介实用的笔记符号，下面以英文大写字母为例，看看如何创造性地在笔记中使用这些大写字母：A: first, top, excellent, extraordinary, outstanding, remarkable, unusualE: eyesight, economy, economic, economical, electronic, East F: failure, false, wrong, not true, full, flagG: government, GodH: health, help, support, connect, bridge, cross, HourI: I / we, my (our) party, eyeL: long, lengthen, prolongM: money, mail, mother, mountain, movement, McDonald, man, May, Member (ship), mm…N: nose, nation, name, nothing, no, negation, deny, need, necessary, NorthO: zero, circle, old, orange, our, one, empty, world, all, success, completeP: pm, peace, park, pay, politics, people, perfect, president, prime minister, head, flagshipQ: quality, quantity, quarter, question, cute, balloon, head, suspect, doubt, unknown, difficultyR: respect, representative, request, about, relations, returnS: smile, snake, turns and twists, society, social, silence, curve, slimT: time, tea, cross-disciplinary, compound, T-shirt, T-stage, disagreement, dispute, disapprovalU: you (your party), pitfall, trap, recycle, cycle, return, valley V: victory, triumph, vs, valley, bottom, tipW: west, western, wave, fluctuate, ups and downsX: X-ray, XL, wrong, negation, cross, times, execute, killY: why, year, yes, approve, agree, young, deviate, tree, servant Z: zero, zoo, last, zigzag, turns and twists, dream, sleep (comic strip)从以上例子可以看出，我们可以从拼写、发音以及字母的结构等方面来进行联想，在笔记中创造性地使用这些符号。

口译笔记速记符号归总2下面举例说明听力笔记的一些技巧：1、不要大量记录文字（汉字、单词）——而要使用符号来表示意思（缩写、图形）Eg：“powerful country”记作“强口”，“我同意”记作“I√ ”；“观点，看法一致”记作“⊙ same”，“economic development”记作“经↑”↑表示“上升、快速上升、快速发展、快速上涨等”↓表示“下降、减少、急剧下降、急速下跌等”；↗表示“缓慢上升，缓慢发展、缓慢上涨等”；←表示“返回，倒退等”;→表示“达到，至，导致，前进等”；+表示“加，增加，此外，另外，又加之”；—表示“减少，减”；＞表示“多于，大于，强于”；＜表示“少于，小于，不如”；∵表示“因为，由于”；∴表示“所以，因此”；=表示“等于，相同，与……相同”。

t表示thousand;m表示million;b表示 billion;1st表示first。

2、不要横着写：——而要竖着写，竖起来记有利于保持活意思意思以及数量等信息之间的逻辑界限。

3、逻辑关系要清楚明了——不要记流水帐。

以上是一些通行的的原则。

通行的原则存在，通行的方式却不存在，这是因为每个人的对记录符号的使用可能是多样的，同一事物不同的人可能会使用不同的符号，同一符号在不同的人意识中肯能代表不同的意思。

口译速记技巧口译考试之所以难，在于其长度和规定的限时。

估计很多参加过第二阶段口译考试的考生都有这样的经历，听的时候大意可以听懂，但是由于听时未作任何速记，关键词汇，逻辑关系在听后无法正确归纳，导致最后只能译出第一句或最后一句，而中间部分则完全忽略或遗忘。

真是如此，你是不可能通过口译考试的。

因此，自己在平日练习时一定要把速记归入计划之内。

总体上来说，速记符号主要有以下几类 :A。

保留大写字母或第一音节经济： E 教育： Edu 文化： C 政治： P 科技： ST 卫生： H旅游： T 环境： En 工业： I 农业： AB．简写缩略AFAC ： as far as … is concerned( 就 …… 而言 )LFT ： look forward to ( 期待 )ASAP ： as soon as possible( 尽快 )C．图象⊕ 高兴，同意，满意等，如： happy ， pleased ， satisfied ， agree…◎ 悲伤，生气，不满，不同意等，如：sad ， angry ， irritated ， unsatisfied ， sorrowful ， discomfort ， disagree… ⊙ 会议，如 conference ， meeting ， seminar ， symposium…□ 国家，地区，如：中国：□ C ，俄国：□ RD．符号﹢高兴，男性，同意，增加等，如happy ， male ， agree ， many ， +2=more ， +3=most ， beneficial ， good ， beautiful ， great ， gorgeous…－悲伤，女性，不同意，减少等，如sad ， female ， disagree ， little ， few ， -2=less ， -3=least ， lack of ，short of…√同意，正确等，如： agree ， correct ， right…×不同意，错误等，如： disagree ， incorrect…↑增长，进步等，如： increase ， soar ， mushroom ， rocket ， make progress… ↓下降，退步，恶化等，如 decrease ， sink ， slide ， subside ， plump ， plunge ，drop ， degrade ，deteriorate…＞多于，超过，比 …… 低一级等，如： more than ， greater than ， begger than ，better than ， superior to ， surpass ， transcend ， overtake…＜少于，比 …… 低级等，如： less than ， lower than ， smaller than ， inferior to…～大约，如： approximately ， about ， around ， some ， nearly ， almost ， similar to…／否定，清除，如： clear ， settle ， solve ， tackle ， conquer ， eliminate ，extinct…≠与 …… 不同，如： differ from ， different from ， distinct ， unique…$ 金钱，利益，如： interest ， benefit ， money ， fund ， capital…E．标点? 问题，麻烦，障碍，如： question ， issue ， difficult ， hardship ， barrier ，obstacle…: 主观想法和说辞，如： think ， consider ， speak ， say ， talk ， mark ， announce ，declare ， hope ，例： repeat 或 reaffirm 可以用 :2 来替代，声明支持可以用 + ：来替代，谴责用 - ：。

记笔记：常用符号和缩略语(Note-taking: Useful Signs and Abbreviations)1．常用笔记符号：符号信息意义箭头符号↑上升；提高；增强；上涨；增长；扩大；起飞；升空；提拔；晋升（grow, expand, develop, rise, go up, increase , ascend, launch, skyrocket, soar, appreciation,promote, upwards）↓ 下降；下沉；降低；滑坡；轰炸；减少；恶化；降职；削减/裁减（drop to, bomb, jump, go down, descend, decrease, deteriorate, depreciation, reduce, downwards）↗上扬；渐渐好转（become better and better）↘下挫；不断亏损（become worse and worse）→出口；去；向前；出国；前往；运往；导致；发展成为…（export to, enter, arrive in/at, present to, result in, send to, transmit to, lead to, export to, cause）←回顾；从前；进口；倒退；来自；源于（come from, originate from, receive from, go back to, import from）例如：café← French意为: café源自于法语数学符号+ 增加；补充；除此之外另外(furthermore, in addition to, with, and, besides, etc) —减少；删除；缺乏（minus, lack）×表示“不对的，错的，坏的，不好的，臭名昭著的”（incorrect, wrong, bad, inappropriate, notorious）> 超过，大于，胜过，优于（more than, bigger than, surpass, better than, superior to）< 小于，不足，次于，逊色（fewer than, less than, worse than, inferior to）= 等于符号（equal) 在听力笔记中相当于“与…一样”（equal to, the same as)，另外可以表示“是…的对手“（a ri-val, a competitor)等意思。

一、口译笔记的符号系统和缩略语语言是一个符号系统（包括文字符号）。

用各种符号作记录，概括性强、重点突出、一目了然。

学习一些常规口译笔记中经常使用的符号与缩写词是很有好处的。

在此基础上，每个人也可以形成一套自己常用的、熟悉的、有效的笔记系统。

下面归纳几种相对固定的符号和简写形式，供大家在练习和实践中参考。

（一）箭头“→”表示到达、传达：go into，arrive at，give to，send to，present to, etc. 导致、引导：lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.“←”表示来自于：be/come from，return，receive from, etc. 追溯到：come/go back to，originate in, etc.“↑”表示上升：up/upward/rise，increase，arise，ascend, etc. 发射、起飞、升空：launch，ascend, skyrocket, etc.发展、加强、推进：develop，strengthen， promote, etc.“↓”表示向下、下降：down/downward/drop, decrease, jump, etc. 减少、恶化：reduce, deteriorate, go down, etc.（二) 数学符号“+”表示和、还有、另外、加上、多：and, in addition to, furthermore, many, lots of, etc.“－”表示减少、除去、少：minus, lack, in short of, little, few, etc.“×”表示错误、没有、反对、冲突：wrong, something bad, negative, conflict, confrontation, etc.“＞”表示大于、超过、多于：greater, larger or more than, better than, surpass, more and more, etc.“<”表示小于、不如、次于、比不上：smaller than, fewer/less than, worse than, inferior to, etc.“=”表示等于、相当于、一样：the same as，that is to say， in other words，be equal to, etc. 对手：match/rival/competitor, counterpart.“≠”表示不等于、不同：not equal to, be different from, etc.“≈”表示大约、左右：about/around，or so， approximately, etc.“∵”表示由于、因为：because, as, due to, thanks to, owing to, etc.“∴”表示所以、因此、因而、结果：so, therefore, as a result, consequently, etc.（三) 标点符号“：”表示说：say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. 意见、观点、主意：opinion, idea, viewpoint, etc.“?”表示问题：question，issue，problem, etc.“．”点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样：“．d”表示yesterday，“．y"表示last year，“．2m”表示two months ago，“y”表示this year，“y2．”表示 two years later/in two years，“next week”，可以表示为“wk．”“（）”表示在……之间：among, within, etc.（四) 其它符号“√”表示好：right/good，famous/well-known，etc. 同意：stand up for，support， agree with somebody, certain/ affirmative, etc.“& ”表示和、与：and，together with，along with， accompany，along with，further more，etc.“☆”表示重要的、杰出的、优秀的、榜样：important， best，outstanding，brilliant，model, etc.“∥”表示结束：end，stop，halt，bring something to a standstill/stop, etc.“°”表示人、者：person, people, 如经济学家可以表示为“经°”，中国人可以表示为“中°”，etc.“⊙”表示会议、讨论、谈判：meeting, seminar, discussion, negotiation, etc.“♂”表示男人：man, male, boy, etc.“♀”表示女人：woman, female, girl, etc.“□”表示国家：country, state, nation, etc.“△”表示代表：represent, on behalf of, etc.“∽”表示交流、交换、替代、相互：exchange, mutual, each other, communication, replace, etc.（五) 缩略词英语缩写词的写法一般有以下几种：●拿掉所有元音。

口译笔记法常用符号inquiry, interrogate, ask, mystery,…问题；question, problem, …！危险，警告，当心，值得注意的是；dangerous, warning, alarm, watch out, of course°人，人民，伙伴，朋友；people, partner, …✉信息，消息，情报；information, message, intelligence, …删除，废除，放弃；delete, discard, give up, …ഗ贸易，交换，交流，关于，关联，替代；trade, exchange, communication, relationship__ 这个，强调；emphasize a certain word/ phrase.…继续，持续，不断的，长期的，各种各样的，多的；more, continuous, …=> 加强，推动，促进；enhance, promote, …×#不仅；not only, …& 和，而且；and…＠关于；aboute.g.例如，比如；for example, such as, …（三）图形符号☺高兴，激动；happy, pleased, excited, …☹失望，不满意，生气；unhappy, unsatisfied, angry, …会议，聚会；conference, symposium, convention, session, forum, seminar, council, congress, meeting, assembly, gathering, committee,commission, association, union, senate, parliament, convocation, …学校，大学，教育机构；school, college, educational institution, …医院，医疗机构；hospital, medical institution, …○全部的，整个的，所有的，完整的，彻底的；complete, whole, …目标，目的；aim, objective, target, …ര看到，注意到；see, notice, watch, …ര重视，强调；pay attention to, highlight, …□国家，民族；nation, state, republic, kingdom, federal, union, …国际，世界；international, world, …∧领导，顶点，顶级，最高级（上标）；top, peak, leader, boss, king, governor, mayor,…国家领导人，政府首脑；state leader, …出口；export, …进口；import, …△城市，都市；city, urban, metropolitan, cosmopolitan, …▽农村，乡村；village, rural, country, countryside, farm, suburb, outskirt, …☆重点，重心，重视，重要的，主要的，杰出的；important, significant, remarkable* 特征，特点，代表；feature, characteristic, quality, nature, trademark, on behalf of…♀女性；woman, female, …♂男性；man, male, …V 胜利，凯旋；victory, triumph, …﹩美元，钱；有钱的，富裕的；dollar, money, rich, well-off, …∪协议，决议，合约，条约；agreement, treaty, contract, compact, convention resolution结束，停止，完成，实现；halt, stop, complete, …‖渠道；channel, tunnel, tube, pipe, ditch, duct, …发展；development, advancement, …开放；opening, …∟过去；in the past, long before, past time, …∟将来；in future, in the future, …↓影响，效果，压力，负担；influence, effect, affect, pressure, stress, burden, load,…（四）趋向符号←邀请，需要，访问，来到；be invited, needed, come (here), …→去，到，走；to, go (there)…↑增加，提升，提高，升级，升值；increase, improve, enhance, grow, lift, promote…↓减少，下降，降低，贬值；decline, decrease, reduce, degrade, lower, diminish, …（五）英文字母y 年；year M 月；month改编自吴钟明. 《英语口译笔记法实战指导》.武汉大学出版社。

（完整word版）上海新东方中级口译笔记新东方中级口译笔记:口译(1)Notice:1、vocabulary 2、Model Sentence 3、Shorthand（略）4、Chinese一、Geremonial Speeches1、welcome/reception/thanks/apology/wishesA:title:president总统，总裁，大学校长Chairman主席，董事长CEO/CFO headmaster中小学校长vice副premier总理(社会主义国家) Chancellor(德) prime (minister部长)首相(英) managing代理mayor市长Your Honor阁下Your Excellency殿下representative 代表participant与会代表B:Expression of emotion:on behalf of,representing谨代表express,extend表达staff员工board 董事会crew机组人员，船员，球员faculty师资队伍delegation代表团sincere，cordial,heartfelt 诚挚的，由衷的authentic,gunuine真挚的hospitality热情好客gracious盛情的Model Sentence:On behalf of (sb), I'd like to express (emotion) to (sb) (1)for sth. (2)who on the occasion of,at the joyous moment of值此之际2、Making ToastMS:(1)May I propose a toast(2)May I ask you to join me in a toast(3)May I aske you to raise your glasses to.. toCheers!3、Confenrencesiminar,symposium专题讨论panel discussion小组讨论MS:(1)I regard it as my great pleasure/honor/privilege(2)It's my great honor(3)I'm honored to introduce you Mr.(title),who is delivering/addressing a speech on the topic of (sth).二、Politics1、International PoliticsA:Displomacy;B:cooperation (1)Economy/Trade (2)Environmenal Protection (3)anti-terrorismstatesman政治家politician政客ambassador大使embassy大使馆sovereignty主权territory 领土/空/海integrity完整declaim谴责interfere with干涉safe guard捍卫internal affairs内政state affairs国事stand/stance立场persistent一贯坚持的advocate,call for主张difference 分歧clash,conflict冲突friction磨擦contradiction矛盾hegemony霸权主义power politics 强权政治10个短语:相互理解，相互尊重，相互信任，相互平等，互惠互利mutual understanding, respect, trust, equality, benefits 求同存异seek commonground while putting aside differences 和睦相处，睦邻友好，与邻为伴，与人为善good neighbour policy(harmonius 和谐coexistence)MS:插入语subject,( ),v. object (1)which (2)doing (3)n. (4)with n.doing (5)adj./adv.(6)because/when/if (7)noun/prep phrase (8)n.+(1)-(7)WORDS(ADD):与会来宾guest present 光临participation,presence,attandance 业绩achievement 永久的everlasting,permanent,eternal,immortal 稳定stability,tranquility 国际大都市cosmopolitan city,cosmopolis 大都会metropolitan city,metropolis 活力energy,dynamism,dynamics,vigor 热情enthusiasm,zeal 多样性diversity 举国同庆national celebration 良辰佳时good time 事业有成good career 吉祥如意luck 高度礼仪utmost courtesy 非凡的extraordinary 改革开放reform and opening up 计划经济planned economy 广阔的extensive 前景prospect 万能词：most,gorgeous新东方中级口译笔记:口译(2)HW:1、离江苏省著名旅游城市苏州仅40公里之遥的古镇周庄被称之为“东方威尼斯”，每年以其典型的江南水乡的景色吸引着无数海内外游客纷至沓来。

新东方中级口译笔记:口译(1)Notice:1、vocabulary 2、Model Sentence 3、Shorthand（略）4、Chinese一、Geremonial Speeches1、welcome/reception/thanks/apology/wishesA:title:president总统，总裁，大学校长Chairman主席，董事长CEO/CFO headmaster中小学校长vice副premier总理(社会主义国家) Chancellor(德) prime (minister部长)首相(英) managing代理mayor市长Your Honor阁下Your Excellency殿下representative代表participant与会代表B:Expression of emotion:on behalf of,representing谨代表express,extend表达staff员工board 董事会crew机组人员，船员，球员faculty师资队伍delegation代表团sincere，cordial,heartfelt诚挚的，由衷的authentic,gunuine真挚的hospitality热情好客gracious盛情的Model Sentence:On behalf of (sb), I'd like to express (emotion) to (sb) (1)for sth. (2)who on the occasion of,at the joyous moment of值此之际2、Making ToastMS:(1)May I propose a toast(2)May I ask you to join me in a toast(3)May I aske you to raise your glasses to.. toCheers!3、Confenrencesiminar,symposium专题讨论panel discussion小组讨论MS:(1)I regard it as my great pleasure/honor/privilege(2)It's my great honor(3)I'm honored to introduce you Mr.(title),who is delivering/addressing a speech on the topic of (sth).二、Politics1、International PoliticsA:Displomacy;B:cooperation (1)Economy/Trade (2)Environmenal Protection (3)anti-terrorismstatesman政治家politician政客ambassador大使embassy大使馆sovereignty主权territory 领土/空/海integrity完整declaim谴责interfere with干涉safe guard捍卫internal affairs内政state affairs国事stand/stance立场persistent一贯坚持的advocate,call for主张difference 分歧clash,conflict冲突friction磨擦contradiction矛盾hegemony霸权主义power politics 强权政治10个短语:相互理解，相互尊重，相互信任，相互平等，互惠互利mutual understanding, respect, trust, equality, benefits 求同存异seek commonground while putting aside differences 和睦相处，睦邻友好，与邻为伴，与人为善good neighbour policy(harmonius和谐coexistence)MS:插入语subject,( ),v. object (1)which (2)doing (3)n. (4)with n.doing (5)adj./adv.(6)because/when/if (7)noun/prep phrase (8)n.+(1)-(7)WORDS(ADD):与会来宾guest present 光临participation,presence,attandance 业绩achievement 永久的everlasting,permanent,eternal,immortal 稳定stability,tranquility 国际大都市cosmopolitan city,cosmopolis 大都会metropolitan city,metropolis 活力energy,dynamism,dynamics,vigor 热情enthusiasm,zeal 多样性diversity 举国同庆national celebration 良辰佳时good time 事业有成good career 吉祥如意luck 高度礼仪utmost courtesy 非凡的extraordinary 改革开放reform and opening up 计划经济planned economy 广阔的extensive 前景prospect 万能词：most,gorgeous新东方中级口译笔记:口译(2)HW:1、离江苏省著名旅游城市苏州仅40公里之遥的古镇周庄被称之为“东方威尼斯”，每年以其典型的江南水乡的景色吸引着无数海内外游客纷至沓来。

口译笔记速记符号归总目录[1].Note-taking symbols and abbreviations[2].关于缩略词[3].关于字母和图像[4].用箭头、数字符号、标点符号来表示1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference:Abbreviations in Note takingUse only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at a time.Symbols helpful in math -- these are commonly used in texts and references.S = sumf = frequencyLeave out periods in standard abbreviations.cf = comparee.g. = exampledept = departmentUse only the first syllable of a word.pol = politicsdem = democracylib = liberalcap = capitalismUse entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable.pres = presentationsubj = subjectind = individualcons = conservativeEliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation.assoc = associatebiol = biologyinfo = informationach = achievementchem = chemistrymax = maximumintro = introductionconc = concentrationmin = minimumrep = repetitionOmit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word.ppd = preparedprblm = problemestmt = estimatebkgd = backgroundgvt = governmentUse an apostrophe in place of letters.am't = amountcont'd = continuedgov't = governmenteducat'l = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s.chpts = chaptersegs = examplesfs = frequenciesintros = introductionsUse g to represent ing endings.ckg = checkingestg = establishingdecrg = decreasingexptg = experimentingSpell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key.Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand.Leave out unimportant words.Leave out the words a and the.If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substitute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter.Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words.& = andw/ = withw/o = withoutvs = against\ = therefore= = is or equalUse technical symbols where applicable.zb = German, for exampleibid = Latin, the same worko = degreesH2O = waterMore reference:Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples:+ plus// parallelUse standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples:eg exampleIT dept Information Technology departmentUK United KingdomUse only the first syllable of a word. Examples:mar marketingcus customercli clientUse the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples:subj subjectbudg budgetind individualTo distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first syllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples:tech'gy technologygen'ion generalisationdel'y deliveryUse just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc associatedach achievementinfo informationOmit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples:bkgd backgroundmvmt movementprblm problemForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding 's.' Examples:custs customersfs frequencies/s ratiosUse 'g' to represent 'ing' endings. Examples:decrg decreasingckg checkingestblg establishingSpell out, rather than abbreviate short words. Examples:inbutaskeyLeave out unimportant verbs. Examples:iswaswereLeave out unnecessary articles. Examples:aantheIf a term, phrase, or name is initially written out in full during the talk or meeting, initials can be substituted whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. Example:January Advertising Campaign Budget JACBUse symbols for common connective or transition words. Examples:@ at2 to4 for& andw/ withw/o withoutvs againstCreate your own set of abbreviations and symbols. You may wish to develop separate sets of symbols and abbreviations for different courses or subjects.Other Symbols and Abbreviationsas a result of / consequences of <--->resulting in --->and / also +equal to / same as =following ffmost importantly *less than <greater than > especially esp/一、缩略词英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。

口译常用的笔记符号汇总一、前言口译笔记是一种有效的辅助工具，能够帮助译员记录关键信息，提高翻译的准确性和效率。

正确的笔记可以帮助译员在紧张的口译环境中保持清晰思维，避免因遗忘或疏忽而造成的错误。

本篇文档旨在汇总口译过程中常用的笔记符号，以便译员在实践中参考和使用。

二、笔记符号说明1.缩写词：用字母、数字等简洁形式记录单词或短语，如“u”代表“under”，“m”代表“meeting”。

2.符号：用各种符号记录概念、观点、人名等，如“△”代表“注意”，“☆”代表“重要”。

3.符号组合：将多个符号组合使用，表达更复杂的含义，如“⊙”+“b”+“√”代表“乙方已确认”。

4.线条：用线条记录时间和空间信息，如“↑”代表时间推进，“●”代表地点。

5.特殊符号：用特殊符号记录特殊概念或情况，如“*”代表突发情况，“#”代表需要特别关注的人或事。

6.标注：在单词、短语或句子旁边添加注释，如“注意语法”、“需要核实信息”。

三、笔记符号分类1.词汇类：包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等基本词汇的记录，如“公司”、“讨论”、“热情”、“快速”。

2.句式类：包括常用句型、表达方式、习惯用语的记录，如“如果…就…”，“预期效果是…”。

3.人名地名类：包括人名、地名等专有名词的记录，如“张三”、“北京”、“上海”。

4.特殊符号类：包括数字、货币、度量衡等特殊概念的记录，如“100元”，“50公斤”。

5.时间空间类：包括时间、日期、星期、月份、季节、天气等空间信息的记录，如“今天星期四”，“会议在会议室进行”。

四、常见笔记符号示例1.缩写词示例：“d=day，n=night，e=email”2.符号示例：“▲=减慢速度，●=暂停”，“※=重要信息”，“＄=货币符号”，“※＋手＋√=手记确认”3.符号组合示例：“※＋笔＋√=需要记录的信息”，“●＋椅子＋√=休息地点”4.标注示例：“√=已同意”，“?=需要进一步确认”，“↑=增加音量”，“↓=降低音量”5.时间空间示例：“↑9:00”，“↓会议室”，“＃主席台”五、总结口译过程中，正确的笔记可以帮助译员快速记录关键信息，提高翻译效率。

口译笔记中常用速记符号小于＜小于或等于≤大于或等于≥等于、意味着 =不等于≠约等于≈遗憾、悲哀 ;高兴、荣兴 (错误、否、不、否定×正确、对、好、肯定√不同意 N同意 Y上升、增加↑下降、减少↓强、好＋更强、更好＋＋弱、差－更弱、更差――因为∵所以∴优秀★胜利 V问题、疑问？和、与＆结论是 =＞促进、发展↗国家□国与国□/□原因←导致、结果→对立、冲突 ><波折＜＜会议、会面⊙进入∩接触、交往∞分歧⊥非常、十分重要 ** 坚持≡关键！奇观 !有关 @替换为∽与……比较而言∥空洞○代表△杨洁篪外长新闻发布会核心英语词汇2010年3月7日，杨洁篪外长的新闻发布会核心词汇：入门级：1. 哥本哈根会议 Copenhagen (climate) conference2. 国际金融危机 international financial crisis3. 国际格局 international situation (其实这里的“格局”不用很复杂，situation比pattern或configuration更直接)4. 国际关系民主化 democratization of international relations5. 气候变化 climate change6. 能源资源安全 energy resources security7. 公共卫生安全 public health security8. 峰会外交 summit diplomacy9. 世博外交 Expo diplomacy10. 前所未有的机遇 unprecedented opportunities11. 核心利益 core interests12. 分歧和摩擦 differences and friction13. 战略互惠关系 strategic reciprocal relations14. 区域融合 regional integration15. 政治互信 political mutual trust16. 务实合作 pragmatic cooperation17. 匹兹堡峰会 Pittsburg Summit18. G20机制 G20 mechanism19. 贸易保护主义 trade protectionism20.多哈回合谈判 Doha round negotiations21. 中阿合作论坛 Forum on China-Africa Cooperation22.施压 pressure (直接作及物动词用，后接宾语)23.制裁 sanction24.伊朗核问题 the nuclear issue of Iran25.上海合作组织 Shanghai Cooperation Organization26.毒品走私 drug smuggling27. 公众开放日 public open day28.外交部 Foreign Ministry29.国际劳动妇女节100周年 100th anniversary of the International Women's Day30.取长补短 draw on each other's strength进阶级:31. 冷战思维 Cold War mentality32. 零和博弈 zero-sum game33. 免关税 tariff exemption34. 拿…来“说事” to make an issue out of…（这里必须意译，这是现场译员的版本。

口译笔记常用符号及含义∵因为，由于，幸亏，because, for, as, due to, thanks to∴所以，因此，于是，so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, accordingly// 但是，然而，不过，相反，but, however, whereas, though, nevertheless, instead, contrast ∫如果，假设，if, once, provided that, in case (of), had I known, were this to happen+ 另外，和，并且，连同，以及，加上，and, as well as, too, plus, add, moreover, besides = 也就是，即，意味着，等同于，which means, that is, in other words, equal to, same, similar ≠不同于，不如，不相当，different, unlike, not the same, unequal≈大约，估计，大概，about, almost, nearly, estimated> 大于，多于，超过，高于，好于，more than, better than, superior to, surpass, exceed< 小于，少于，低于，次于，less than, inferior to↑增长，发展，提高，升级，increase, raise, improve, develop, grow, boost, enhance↓减少，下降，降低，decrease, decline, descend, reduce, cut, fall, drop→导致，引起，引发，到，向，去，to, lead to, cause, result in, bring about, contribute to←由，自，归因于，result from, attributed to, credited to√正确，好，妥善，真实，肯定，good, true, correct, yes, well, positive, confirm, genuine ×错误，不是，否定，无效，负面，坏，bad, wrong, not, negative, false, rather than↔属于，包括，包含，例如，belong to, including, part of, contain, such as, for example∑总和，总数，总之，一句话，结论，sum, all, conclusion, in one word, summary, in brief @ 关于，有关，相关，about, on, relevant, related, concerning, with regard to? 问题，麻烦，难题，疑惑，ask, question, problem, trouble, confused, difficulty, issue! 重要，重视，注意，警告，强调，important, focus, alert, attention, warning, stress, emphasize ：说到，表示，提出，认为，想，相信，say, speak, tell, express, think, believe, be sure that <: 看到，了解到，意识到，考虑到，表明，显示出，see, know, show, imply□国家，地区，country, state, nation, region, area,○世界，国际，全球，world, international, global, earth⊙会议，讨论，谈判，meeting, conference, discussion, negotiation, seminar, summith 主持，领导，主席，host, head, leader, chairman, president△代表，represent, on behalf of∽互相，彼此，交换，交流，替代，each other, exchange, mutual, replace 改变，变化，变形，转变，change, alter, transform﹩美元，货币，金钱，财富，dollar, money, currency, fortune﹟结束，停止，暂停，完成，stop, pause, end, finish, complete⊥基础，根本，建立，根据，通过，凭借，based on, establish, according to, through∪同意，认可，一致，协议，联合，agree, agreement, united, union☺高兴，荣幸，激动，乐观，满意，happy, pleasure, excited, privilege, honor, satisfied, luck ☹难过，抱歉，同情，哀悼，后悔，生气，sad, sorrow, grief, sorry, sympathy, regret, angry °右上角标，表示人，者，家，如：中国人中°，Economist E°s右上角标，表示复数概念，如：几年来y s，各国□s_ 放在时间周围表示之前、之中和之后，如：2年前2y ，1年来1y ，6月后6M 放在缩略词或符号下，用于强调或加强语气，如：充分认识到<: ，深表赞同U驻英国大使刘晓明在英国外交部欢迎中国青年代表团招待会上的致辞2010年3月23日尊敬的团中央第一书记陆昊先生，青年朋友们：很高兴出席今晚的招待会。

口译笔记符号大全
口译笔记符号没有统一的标准，以下是一些常见的口译笔记符号：
1. 阿拉伯数字：用来表示数量或者时间。

例如：3表示三；20表示二十。

2. 英文字母：用来表示人名、地名、机构名等专有名词。

例如：USA表示
美国；UN表示联合国。

3. 汉字简化：用来表示中文词汇，简化后的字更容易书写和记忆。

例如：资表示资源；产表示产业。

4. 符号：用来表示某种含义或者概念。

例如：↑表示增加；↓表示减少；→表示导致；←表示源于。

5. 图形：用来表示某种形状或者结构。

例如：方形表示矩形；圆形表示圆形；三角形表示三角形。

这些符号可以根据个人的习惯和需要进行选择和调整，最重要的是自己能够理解和记忆。

equal: =boost, improve, enhance, strengthen :↗plus: +minus: —times: xdivided by: ÷degree: ℃percent: %per thousand: ‰between:|.|because, because of, due to: ∵therefore, so, as a result, consequently: ∵plus or minus: ±versus, the ratio of, divided by : ：so on, etc, and so forth : ···is (much) greater/bigger/larger/faster/quicker/heavier/older… than; superior to, surpass:>is (much) less/smaller/lighter/younger/fewer/inferior to/worse than…: <not equal to :¹parallel, is paral lel to : ‖right angle: ∟perpendicular, is perpendicular to: ⊥circle, circumference: ○ellipse: 0diameter: θtriangle, delta : △pressure, influence:⊥(竖线为向下箭头)approximately, about, nearly, around,almost: ≈as always, 一直，总是，一贯：≡contact, exch anges:∞conflicts, disputes, contradictions: ><波折：<<belong to, is of ,of: ∈victory, win, success :Vwonder, miracle : !About: @On the one hand:∕On the other hand: ∕Relation, relationship: &Fine, good: +Better, much better:++Bad, weak: -Worse, weaker: - -In conclusion : =>Empty: ORepresentative, delegation, delegation: △sterling, pound: ￡US dollar: US$renminbi: RMB: ￥Australian dollars: #AAustrian schillings: SchCanadian dollars: Can$Eurodollar: €New Zealand dollars: NZ$hour:hrminute: 'second: ’’早：d中：d晚：dthe day before yesterday: ”d yesterday: ’dtoday: dtomorrow: d’the day after tomorrow: d’ ’day by day, everyday: dd夜：last night:’ntonight: nnext night: n’周：the week before last: ”wlast week: ’wthis week: wnext week: w ’the week after next : w’’周日：Monday: 1wTuesday: 2wWednesday: 3wThursday: 4wFriday: 5wSaturday: 6wSunday: 7w月：the month before last: ”mlast month: ’mthis month: mnext month: m’the mo nth after next: m’’12月上旬、中旬、月底/下旬：12、12、12 月份：January: 1mFebruary: 2mMarch: 3mApril: 4mMay: 5mJune: 6mJuly: 7mAugust: 8mSeptember: 9mOctober: 10mNovember: 11mDecember: 12dm年：last year: ’ythis year: ynext year: y’the ye ar after next: y’’年初：y年中：y年底：y1949年前：/491949年后：49/1949年底：49世纪：Cuo to now, until: ┫since,ever since: ┠meter: mcentimeter: cmminimeter: mmmile: minautical mile: nminch: in.foot: ftknot: ktacre: Abecause, because of, due to: ∵therefore, so, as a result, consequently: ∵about: around,: ≈above, on, over:某文字或符号上加一点·against:VSbefore, beyond, in front of: ·|below, beneath, under: 某文字或符号下加一点·，如“水下：～符号下加·”between：|·|but:／for:4inside, within，include : ( )out of:therefore, so, as a result, consequently: ∵to: →up: ↑with: W∕with: W∕Oac: aircraftas soon as possibly: asapas early as possible: aespat least: alcarbon copy: cccare of: c/o上海：SH北京：BJ联合国儿童基金会：UNICEF联合国教科文组织：UNESCO辩论，说，观点、协议：①comment, say, speak: ∶②观点viewpoint、看法、难点,point：·，如“我说几点：I :几·”，③agreement, accord, treaty, contract: ∪，例如：双边协议：2∪MKT: marketMGR: managerMSG: messageSTD: standardRCV: receiveINFO informationINS insuranceEXCH exchangeI owe you IOUIn stead of I/OWK weekRM roomPL peopleR areTHO thoughTHRU throughAPT ApartmentACC AccountantACDG AccordingACPT AcceptAD AdvertisementADS AddressADV AdviceAMAP As much/many as possibleAMT AmountAPV ApproveASAP As soon as possibleBAL BalanceBLDG BuildingCERT CertificateCFM ConformCNCL CancelCNF ConferenceCMI CommissionCMP CompleteCMPE Compete/competitiveCMU CommunicationCONC Concern/concerning/concernedCOND Condition CO. CompanyDEPT Department DISC DiscountDPT Departure EXCH Exchange EXPLN ExplainEXT ExtentFLT FlightFNT FinalFRT FreightFYR For your reference GD GoodGUAR GuaranteeH.O. Home office INFO Information IMPS ImpossibleIMP(T) Important INCD IncludeINDIV IndividualINS Insurance INTST InterestedI/O In stead ofIOU I owe youIVO In view of MANUF Manufacture MDL ModelMEMO Memorandum MGR MangerMIN MinimumMKT MarketMSG MessageNCRY NecessaryNLT No later than OBS ObserveOBT ObtainORD OrdinaryPAT PatentPC PiecePKG PackingPL PeoplePLS PleasePOSN Position POSS(BL) Possible PROD Product QLTY Quality QUTY Quantity RCV ReceiveREF Reference REGL RegularREP Representative RESN Reservation RPT Repeat RESPON Responsible SEC SectionSITN SituationSTD StandardTEL Telephone TEMP Temporary TGM Telegraph THO ThoughTKS ThanksTRD TradeTRF TrafficTTL TotalU YouUR YourWK WeekWL WillWT WeightXL Extra large。