动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形
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1)原形、过去式、过去分词相同:cast/cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/broadcast/burst/read/red/set/shut/spread/thrust/upset(2)原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:beat/beat/beaten(3)原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:come/came/come become/became/becomerun/ran/run overcome/overcame/overcome(4)原形不同,过去式,过去分词相同:feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/sleptleave/left/leftsmell/smelt/smeltkeep/kept/keptcreep/crept/creptkneel/knelt/kneltsweep/swept/sweptspell/spelt/speltweep/wept/weptcatch/caught/caughtfight/fought/foughtteach/taught/taughtthink/thought/thoughtstand/stood/stoodlay/laid/laidunderstand/understood/understood pay/paid/paidbleed/bled/bledsay/said/saidfeed/fed/fedstick/stuck/stucklead/led/ledstrike/struck/struckmeet/met/mettell/told/toldlearn/learnt/learnt sell/sold/soldlearn/learned/learned win/won/wonburn/burnt/burntwind/wound/wound burn/burned/burned have(has)/had/had deal/dealt/dealthear/heard/heard mean/meant/meant lean/leant/leantdream/dreamt/dreamt lean/leaned/leaned bend/bent/bentshine/shone/shone build/built/builtshoot/shot/shotlend/lent/lentshow/showed/shown,spend/spent/spent show/showed//showed flee/fled/fledsit/sat/satspeed/sped/spedlose/lost/lostspeed/speeded/speeded dig/dug/dugspit/spit/spithold/held/heldspit/spat/spatget/got/got(AmE gotten)bring/brought/brought find/found/foundlight/lit/litmake/made/madelight/lighted/lightedbuy/bought/bought(5)三者均不同:drive/drove/drivenblow/blew/blownrise/rose/risenfly/flew/flownwake woke/wokengrow/grew/growndo/did/doneknow/knew/knowngo/went/gonethrow/threw/thrownsee/saw/seenprove/proved/proveneat/ate/eaten break/broke/brokenfall/fell/fallenchoose/chose/chosen give/gave/givenfreeze/froze/frozen shake/shook/shaken speak/spoke/spokentake/took/takensteal/stole/stolen mistake/mistook/mistaken weave/wove/woven forbid/forbad/forbidden begin/began/begun forget/forgot/forgotten drink/drank/drunkride/rode/riddenring/rang/runghide/hid/hiddensing/sang/sungwrite/wrote/writtensink/sank/sunkwear/wore/wornswim/swam/swum(6)相同动词因其过去式、过去分词有两形式而产生不同词义:speed过去式、过去分词有两种:sped/sped快行speeded/speeded加速light过去式,过去分词有两种:lit/lit点着(表语)lighted/lighted供电,点燃的(定语)shine过去式、过去分词有两种:shone/shone/照耀shined/shined擦亮hang过去式、过去分词有两种:hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死(7)drunken,stricken,sunken已转为形容词常作定语a~sot酒鬼in a~manner摇摇晃晃地(8)lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)lie撒谎lied/lied/lyinglay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying(9)come,become,overcome属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed(10)fly,blow不是规则变化,但flow(流)是规则变化,过去式、过去分词为flowed,flowed.(11)find发现found foundfound创建founded foundedwind绕wound woundwound伤害wounded woundedsee看见saw seensaw锯sawed sawedbear作“出生”,过去分词有两种:born,borne,borne用于have之后及带有by的被动句中;born用于be born in/on/at中。
英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词归类表英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词归类表(1)AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost (花费)cost costcut(割)cut cuthit(打)hit hithurt 伤害)hurt hurtlet(让)let letput(放)put putread(读)read readspread (伸展/ 传播)spread spread(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat(跳动)beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)become(变成)became becomecome(来)came comerun(跑)ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig(挖)dug dugget(得到)got gothang(吊死)hanged hanged hang(悬挂)hung hung hold(抓住)held heldlay (产卵) laid laidshine(照耀)shone shonesit(坐)sat satwin (赢)won won meet(遇见)met metkeep (保持)kept kept sleep(睡)slept slept sweep(扫)swept swept feel(感觉)felt feltflee (逃跑) fled fledsmell(闻)smelt smelt leave(离开)left leftbuild(建设)built builtlend(借出)lent lentsend (传送) sent sent spend(花费)spent spentsink (沉下) sunk/sank snuk/sunken lose (丢失)lost lostburn (燃烧)burnt burntlearn(学习)learnt learntmean(意思是)meant meantcatch(抓住)caught caughtteach(教) taught taughtbring(带来)brought broughtfight (战斗) fought foughtbuy(买)bought boughtthink(想)thought thoughthear (听见)heard heardsell(卖)sold soldtell(告诉)told toldsay(说)said saidfind(找到) found foundfeed ( 饲养) fed fedhave/has(有) had hadmake(制造) made madestand(站)stood stoodsmell (闻)smelled/smelt smelled/smelt stick (粘贴/刺)stuck stuckspell (拼写)spelt/spelled spelt/spelledspit (吐唾沫)spat spatunderstand(明白)understood understood(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)begin(开始)began begundrink(喝)drank drunkhide (躲藏)hid hiddenring(铃响)rang rungsing (唱)sang sungswim(游泳)swam swumblow(吹)blew blowndraw (画)drew drawnfly(飞)flew flowngrow(生长)grew grownknow(知道)knew knownthrow(投掷)threw thrownshow(出示)showed shownbreak(打破)broke brokenchoose(选择) chose chosenforget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot)freeze (结冰/凝固)froze frozenspeak(说)spoke spokenwake(醒)woke wokedrive(驾驶)drove driveneat(吃)ate eatenfall(落下)fell fallengive(给)gave givenrise(升高)rose risentake(取)took takenmistake(弄错) mistook mistakenride(骑)rode riddenwrite(写)wrote writtendo(做)did donego(去)went gonelie(平躺)lay lainsee(看见)saw seenwear (穿)wore wornbe ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been(5)现在分词(也可总结为规则以ie 结尾改为y + ing)die(死)dying dyinglie(躺,平放,说谎)lying lyingtie (系, 打结)tying tyingTHANKS !!!致力为企业和个人提供合同协议,策划案计划书,学习课件等等打造全网一站式需求欢迎您的下载,资料仅供参考。
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化●一般在动词原形后加-edlook -looked - looked call -called -calledopen -opened -opened need -needed-needed①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]②-ed在t、d后发音为[id]③但fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写,为fixed.●以-e结尾的动词加-dmove -moved -moved phone -phoned -phonedhope -hoped -hoped agree -agreed -agreed●以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-edstudy -studied - studied carry -carried-carried try -tried-tried●以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-edplay -played -played enjoy -enjoyed -enjoyed stay -stayed -stayed ●末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-edstop -stopped -stopped plan -planned -planned fit -fitted -fitted●以-r结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-edprefer -preferred -preferred refer-referred -referred2) 不规则变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
cut(切),hit(打),cast(扔),hurt(伤害),put(放),let(让)shut(关),cost(花费),set(放),rid(清除)2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。
find(找到)--found, found pay(支付)--paid, paid leave(离开)--left, leftlend(借出)--lent, lent meet(遇见)--met, met keep(保持)--kept, keptlose(丢失)--lost, lost teach(教)--taught, taught sit(坐)--sat, satlead(引导)--led, led win(赢)--won, won3.动词原形与过去分词同形例:come(来)--came--come run(跑)--ran--run become(成为)--became--become4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。
英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词归类表英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词归类表(1)AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost (花费)cost costcut(割)cut cuthit(打)hit hithurt 伤害)hurt hurtlet(让)let letput(放)put putread(读)read readspread (伸展/ 传播)spread spread(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat(跳动)beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)become(变成)became becomecome(来)came comerun(跑)ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig(挖)dug dugget(得到)got gothang(吊死)hanged hanged hang(悬挂)hung hunghold(抓住)held heldlay (产卵) laid laidshine(照耀)shone shonesit(坐)sat satwin (赢)won wonmeet(遇见)met metkeep (保持)kept keptsleep(睡)slept slept sweep(扫)swept swept feel(感觉)felt feltflee (逃跑) fled fledsmell(闻)smelt smeltleave(离开)left leftbuild(建设)built builtlend(借出)lent lentsend (传送) sent sent spend(花费)spent spentsink (沉下) sunk/sank snuk/sunken lose (丢失)lost lostburn (燃烧)burnt burntlearn(学习)learnt learntmean(意思是)meant meantcatch(抓住)caught caughtteach(教) taught taughtbring(带来)brought broughtfight (战斗) fought foughtbuy(买)bought boughtthink(想)thought thoughthear (听见)heard heardsell(卖)sold soldtell(告诉)told toldsay(说)said saidfind(找到) found foundfeed ( 饲养) fed fedhave/has(有) had hadmake(制造) made madestand(站)stood stoodsmell (闻)smelled/smelt smelled/smelt stick (粘贴/刺)stuck stuckspell (拼写)spelt/spelled spelt/spelledspit (吐唾沫)spat spatunderstand(明白)understood understood(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)begin(开始)began begundrink(喝)drank drunkhide (躲藏)hid hiddenring(铃响)rang rungsing (唱)sang sungswim(游泳)swam swumblow(吹)blew blowndraw (画)drew drawnfly(飞)flew flowngrow(生长)grew grownknow(知道)knew knownthrow(投掷)threw thrownshow(出示)showed shownbreak(打破)broke brokenchoose(选择) chose chosenforget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot)freeze (结冰/凝固)froze frozenspeak(说)spoke spokenwake(醒)woke wokedrive(驾驶)drove driveneat(吃)ate eatenfall(落下)fell fallengive(给)gave givenrise(升高)rose risentake(取)took takenmistake(弄错) mistook mistakenride(骑)rode riddenwrite(写)wrote writtendo(做)did donego(去)went gonelie(平躺)lay lainsee(看见)saw seenwear (穿)wore wornbe ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been(5)现在分词(也可总结为规则以ie 结尾改为y + ing)die(死)dying dyinglie(躺,平放,说谎)lying lyingtie (系, 打结)tying tying。
动词1. A---A---A型(原形、过去式和过去分词同形)bet-----bet-----bet 打赌broadcast-----broadcast-----broadcast 广播burst-----burst-----burst 爆发cost----- cost----- cost 花费cut----- cut----- cut 割,切hit----- hit--- hit 打hurt-----hurt-----hurt 伤let----- let----- let 让put----- put----- put 放下read----- read----- read 读shut----shut----shut 关上,停业set----set----set 点燃,凝固spread-----spread-----spread 传播upset----upset-----upset 心烦,扰乱2.A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)beat----- beat----- beaten 打3.A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)come----- came----- come 来become----- became----- become 变run----- ran----- run 跑4. A---B---B型(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t或直接加-ed构成过去式或过去分词。
burn----- burnt----- burnt 燃烧deal-----dealt-----dealt 处理dream-----dreamed-----dreamed 梦想hang-----hanged-----hanged 悬挂hear-----heard-----heard 听见learn----- learned/learnt----- learned/learnt 学习light-----lighted-----lighted 照亮mean----- meant----- meant 意思shine-----shined-----shined 擦亮,照耀smell-----smelled-----smelled 嗅,闻spell-----spelled-----spelled 拼写spill-----spilled-----spilled 流出,使溢出spoil-----spoilt-----spoilt 溺爱,掠夺wake-----waked / woke-----waked / woke 醒着(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
初中英语过去式不规则变化表一、原形、过去式和过去分词的不规则变化1. 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。
过去分词则在原形动词的词尾加-d或-ed,但也有少数动词与此不同,如:成长(grow)为grew,过去分词是grown,发现(find)为found,过去分词是found。
2. 把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
例如:开始(begin) - began,访问(visit) - visited。
3. 把动词原形中的u改为o,变成过去式。
例如:找到(find) - found,读取(read) - read。
4. 把动词原形中的辅音字母d改为t,变成过去式。
例如:关闭(close) - closed,支付(pay) - paid。
5. 动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全相同。
例如:制造(make) - made,让(let) - let。
6. 动词原形、过去分词相同,但过去式不同。
例如:知道(know) - knew,过去分词是known。
7. 动词原形和过去式相同,但过去分词不同。
例如:放下(put) - put,过去分词是putted。
8. 动词原形、过去式和过去分词都不同。
例如:获得(get) - got,过去分词是got。
9. 动词原形有两个或更多形式。
例如:打(beat) - beat,过去式是beaten。
吃(eat) - ate,过去式是eaten。
二、口诀记忆一些单词的过去式和过去分词在变化规则上较为特殊,为了方便记忆,可以将它们编成口诀。
例如:“双写t,双改变”这个口诀指的是动词原形中字母t的双写情况,即把t改为d或把d改为t,同时改变动词的过去式和过去分词形式。
例如:单词double:动词原形double,过去式是doubled,过去分词是doubled。
单词swim:动词原形swim,过去式是swam,过去分词是swum。
单词write:动词原形write,过去式是wrote,过去分词是written。
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则不规则动词过去式和过去分词动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳(一)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。
现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。
一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。
如:cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread 特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。
二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。
如:come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。
如:1.把单词结尾的字母d改为t。
如:lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent 2.改变单词中间元音字母。
如:sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held 3.以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。
如:keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept 4.过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。
如:buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught 5.有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。
动词过去是规律特殊变化(1)AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost(花费)cost costcut(割)cut cuthit(打)hit hithurt 伤害)hurt hurtlet(让)let letput(放)put putread (读)read readspread (伸展/ 传播)。
spread spread2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat(跳动)beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)become(变成)became becomecome(来)came comerun(跑)ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)>dig(挖)dug dugget(得到)got gothang(吊死)hanged hangedhang(悬挂)hung hunghold(抓住)held heldlay (产卵) laid laidshine(照耀)shone shonesit(坐)sat satwin (赢)won wonmeet(遇见)met met(keep (保持)kept keptsleep(睡)slept sleptsweep(扫)swept sweptfeel(感觉)felt feltflee (逃跑) fled fledsmell(闻)smelt smeltleave(离开)left leftbuild(建设)built builtlend(借出)lent lentsend (传送) sent sent?spend(花费)spent spentsink (沉下)sunk /sank snuk /sunkenlose (丢失)lost lostburn (燃烧)burnt burntlearn(学习)learnt learntmean(意思是)meant meantcatch(抓住)caught caughtteach(教) taught taughtbring(带来)brought broughtfight (战斗) fought fought$buy(买)bought boughtthink(想)thought thoughthear (听见)heard heardsell(卖)sold soldtell(告诉)told toldsay(说)said saidfind(找到) found foundfeed ( 饲养)fed fedhave/has(有) had hadmake(制造) made made。
动词1. A---A---A型(原形、过去式和过去分词同形)bet-----bet-----bet 打赌broadcast-----broadcast-----broadcast 广播burst-----burst-----burst 爆发cost----- cost----- cost 花费cut----- cut----- cut 割,切hit----- hit--- hit 打hurt-----hurt-----hurt 伤let----- let----- let 让put----- put----- put 放下read----- read----- read 读shut----shut----shut 关上,停业set----set----set 点燃,凝固spread-----spread-----spread 传播upset----upset-----upset 心烦,扰乱2.A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)beat----- beat----- beaten 打3.A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)come----- came----- come 来become----- became----- become 变run----- ran----- run 跑4. A---B---B型(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t或直接加-ed构成过去式或过去分词。
burn----- burnt----- burnt 燃烧deal-----dealt-----dealt 处理dream-----dreamed-----dreamed 梦想hang-----hanged-----hanged 悬挂hear-----heard-----heard 听见learn----- learned/learnt----- learned/learnt 学习light-----lighted-----lighted 照亮mean----- meant----- meant 意思shine-----shined-----shined 擦亮,照耀smell-----smelled-----smelled 嗅,闻spell-----spelled-----spelled 拼写spill-----spilled-----spilled 流出,使溢出spoil-----spoilt-----spoilt 溺爱,掠夺wake-----waked / woke-----waked / woke 醒着(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
八年级英语动词过去式及过去分词归纳(1)AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost(花费)cost costcut(割)cut cuthit(打)hit hithurt 伤害)hurt hurtlet(让)let letput(放)put putread (读)read read(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat(跳动)beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)become-became -becomecome- came- comerun- ran -run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig(挖)dug -dugget- got- gotforget-forgot-foegothang吊死hanged hangedhang(悬挂)hung- hunghold(抓住)held- heldlay (产卵) laid- laidpay(付款)paid-paidsay(说)said- saidshine(照耀)shone -shonesit(坐)sat- satwin (赢)won -wonmeet(遇见)met- metfeed ( 饲养)fed- fedkeep (保持)kept- keptsleep(睡)slept- sleptsweep(扫)swept- sweptfeel(感觉)felt- feltsmell(闻)smelt- smeltleave(离开)left- leftbuild(建造)built- builtlend(借出)lent -lentsend (传送)sent -sentspend(花费)spent –spentlose (丢失)lost- lostburn (燃烧)burnt -burntlearn(学习)learnt- learntmean(意义)meant -meantcatch(抓住caught- caughtteach(教)taught- taughtbring(带来brought- broughtfight (战斗)fought- foughtbuy(买)bought- boughtthink(想)thought -thoughthear (听见)heard -heardsell(卖)sold- soldtell(告诉)told -toldfind(找到)found foundhave/has(有) had hadmake(制造)made madestand(站)stood stoodleave(离开)left- leftfeel(感觉)felt- feltsmell(闻)smelt- smeltsmell (闻)smelled smelledspell(拼写)spelt- speltspell(拼写)spelled-spelledunderstand-understood- understood(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)begin(开始)began-begundrink(喝)drank drunksink (沉下) sank-snukring(铃响)rang- rungsing (唱)sang- sungswim(游泳)swam-swumblow(吹)blew- blowndraw (画)drew- drawnfly(飞)flew- flowngrow(生长)grew- grownknow(知道)knew-knownthrow(投掷)threw-thrownshow出示showed- shownbreak(打破)broke-brokenchoose选择chose- chosenforget forgot-forgottenfreeze (结冰)froze-frozenspeak(说)spoke -spokenwake(醒)woke- wokendrive(驾驶)drove- driveneat(吃)ate- eatenfall(落下)fell- fallengive(给)gave- givenrise(升高)rose -risentake(取)took- takenhide(躲藏)hid -hiddenride(骑)rode- riddenwrite(写)wrote- writtendo(做)did -donego(去)went -gonelie(撒谎/躺)lay- lainsee(看见)saw- seenwear (穿)wore- worntear (撕裂)tore - tornbear (生育,忍受)bore-bornbe ( am, is, are )(是)was, werebeen。
动词的形式VerbsForms五种形式1 动词的基本形式动词的五种基本变化:原形;第三人称单数现在式(加-s, -es, -ies等);过去式;过去分词(1. 规则变化:加-ed,ied等;2.不规则变化:原型与过去式、过去分词同形或完全不同形)现在分词(加-ing)英语动词有五种基本形式,即原形动词、第三人称单数现在式、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
原形:speak,cut,live,stduy第三人称单数现在式:speaks,cuts,lives,studies过去式:spoke,cut,lived,studied过去分词:spoken,cut,lived,studied现在分词:speaking,cutting,living,studying原形动词就是字典中或我们的教科书单词表中所给予的形式。
动词的过去式和过去分词的构成有规则的和不规则的两种。
2 第三人称单数现在式的构成变化规则 -> 原型 -> 变化形式一般加-s-> listen, sleep->listens, sleeps词尾以字母s, x, ch, sh或以o结尾的加-es->pass, do, push->passes, does, pushes以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i再加-es-> study, try-> studies, tries3 规则动词过去式、过去分词的构成规则 -> 原形->过去式->过去分词过去分词一般情况加 ed-> work-> worked->worked词尾是不发音的e,加d-> like-> liked->liked词尾是“辅音字母+y”,则先改y为i再加ed-> study, try -> studied,tried ->studied,tried以清辅音结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,则先重复这个字母后加ed-> stop, plan -> stopped,planned ->stopped,planned3-1 词尾-ed有三种读法:读音 -> 范例-ed在[d] [t] 后读 [Id]-> needed [`nidId] , wanted[`wantId]在元音或[d] 外的浊辅音后读 [d]-> lived [ lIvd], played[pled]在除了[t]以外的清辅音后读[t]->helped[hεlpt],worked[wʒkt]3-2 动词的过去式重复词尾加 -ed的单词shop → shopped购买,买stop → stopped停(下)drop → dropped掉下来prefer → preferred宁可(而不)travel → travelled旅行3-3 以y 结尾, y前是辅音字母,去掉 y变i加-ed 的词carry → carried study → studiedworry → worried hurry → hurriedcopy → copied try → triedspy → spied fry → friedtidy → tidied cry → cried4 不规则动词占动词的少数,但有许多是常见词,不规则动词的形式有四种情况。
动词1. A--—A--—A型(原形、过去式和过去分词同形)bet—----bet—--——bet 打赌broadcast——---broadcast-—--—broadcast 广播burst----—burst————-burst 爆发cost-—-—— cost-———- cost 花费cut———-- cut—---- cut 割,切hit-———- hit—-— hit 打hurt—-—--hurt--—-—hurt 伤let——-—- let-———- let 让put-———- put——--— put 放下read————— read-—-—— read 读shut—--—shut—-——shut 关上,停业set————set--—-set 点燃,凝固spread-——--spread-—---spread 传播upset—-—-upset---—-upset 心烦,扰乱2.A--—A—-—B型(现在式和过去式同形)beat——--- beat----— beaten 打3.A—-—B--—A型(现在式和过去分词同形)come--——— came———-- come 来become————— became—--—— become 变run----— ran—-——— run 跑4。
A---B—-—B型(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t或直接加—ed构成过去式或过去分词。
burn-——-— burnt--—-- burnt 燃烧deal——---dealt—————dealt 处理dream—----dreamed————-dreamed 梦想hang-----hanged—--——hanged 悬挂hear———-—heard---——heard 听见learn-———- learned/learnt—-——— learned/learnt 学习light—-——-lighted-————lighted 照亮mean——-—— meant---—— meant 意思shine—--—-shined--——-shined 擦亮,照耀smell-—---smelled-—-—-smelled 嗅,闻spell—-——-spelled——-—-spelled 拼写spill-—--—spilled-—-—-spilled 流出,使溢出spoil—--—-spoilt—--—-spoilt 溺爱,掠夺wake—--—-waked / woke-———-waked / woke 醒着(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化●一般在动词原形后加-edlook -looked - looked call -called -calledopen -opened -opened need -needed-needed①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]②-ed在t、d后发音为[id]③但fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写,为fixed.●以-e结尾的动词加-dmove -moved -moved phone -phoned -phonedhope -hoped -hoped agree -agreed -agreed●以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-edstudy -studied - studied carry -carried-carried try -tried-tried●以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-edplay -played -played enjoy -enjoyed -enjoyed stay -stayed -stayed ●末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-edstop -stopped -stopped plan -planned -planned fit -fitted -fitted●以-r结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-edprefer -preferred -preferred refer-referred -referred2) 不规则变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
cut(切),hit(打),cast(扔),hurt(伤害),put(放),let(让)shut(关),cost(花费),set(放),rid(清除)2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。
find(找到)--found, found pay(支付)--paid, paid leave(离开)--left, leftlend(借出)--lent, lent meet(遇见)--met, met keep(保持)--kept, keptlose(丢失)--lost, lost teach(教)--taught, taught sit(坐)--sat, satlead(引导)--led, led win(赢)--won, won3.动词原形与过去分词同形例:come(来)--came--come run(跑)--ran--run become(成为)--became--become4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。
动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形) cost(花费)cost cost shut shut shut cut(割)cut cutspit spit/spat spit/ spat(英) hit(打)hit hithurt 伤害) hurt hurt let(让)let letput(放) put put read (读) read read (2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形) beat(跳动) beat beaten (3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形) become(变成) becamebecome awake awoke aw oken come(来) camecome run (跑) ran run (4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形) dig(挖)dug dug bu ild built built get(得到)got got/gotten catch caught caught hang(吊死)hanged hanged deal dealt dealt hang(悬挂)hung hung feedfed fed hold(抓住)held held find fo und found shine(照耀) shoneshone sit(坐)sat satpay paid paidwin (赢)won wonsend sent sentmeet(遇见)met metshoot shot shotkeep (保持)kept kepttell told toldsleep(睡)slept sleptwin won wonsweep(扫)swept swept feel(感觉)felt felt smell(闻) smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled leave(离开)left left build(建设)built built lend(借出)lent lent send(传送) sent sent spend(花费) spentspent lose (丢失)lost lost burn (燃烧)burnt burnt learn(学习) learnt learnt mean(意思是)meant meant catch(抓住)caught caught teach(教)taught taught bring(带来)brought brought fight (战斗)fought fought buy(买)bought bought think(想) thoughtthought hear (听见) heard heard sell(卖)sold sold tell(告诉) told told say(说)said said find(找到) found found have/has(有)had had make(制造)made made stand(站) stoodstood understand明白understood understood (5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形) begin(开始) beganbegun take(取) took taken drink(喝) drankdrunk mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken ring(铃响)rang rungride(骑) rode ridden sing (唱)sang sungdo(做) did done swim(游泳) swamswum write(写) wrote written blow(吹)blew blowngo(去)went gone draw (画)drew drawn lie(平躺) lay lain fly(飞)flew flownsee(看见) saw seen grow(生长)grew grown wea r (穿) wore worn know(知道) knewknown be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been throw(投掷) threwthrown show(出示)showed shown break(打破) brokebroken choose(选择) chose chosen forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/born speak(说,讲) spokespoken draw drew draw n wake(醒) wokewoken dream dr eamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed drive(驾驶) drovedriven hide hi d hidden eat(吃)ate eatenlay laid laid 放置 fall(落下)fell fallenlie lied lied 撒谎 give(给)gave givenlie lay lain 躺 ris(高)rose risensee saw seenshake shook shakensteal stole stolencan----could may---mig ht will---would shall---should must----must动词过去式be (am\ is) wasare werecome came 来go went去do (does) did 做,干fly flew 飞,放飞draw drew 绘画make made 制作sing sang 唱歌have (has) had 有,吃eat ate 吃drink drank 喝put put 放置let let 让read readhear heard 听见see saw 看见get got 得到,获取take took 拿,带can could 能may might 可以shall should 应该will would 将,愿意know knew 知道,懂得begin bigan 开始动词过去式lend lent 借(给)bend bent 下跪,使弯曲,拐弯build built 建造,建设spend spent 度过,花费mean meant 意思是,意味着learn learnt learned 学习,了解buy bought 买think thought 思考,想teach taught 教catch caught 抓住sleep slept 睡觉sweep swept 扫地keep kept 保持speak spoke 说ride rode 骑feel felt 感觉到leave left 离开give gave 给run ran 跑ring rang 摇铃,打电话sit sat 坐swim swam 游泳say said 说tell told 告诉throw threw 扔,抛win won 赢得write wrote 写find foundbecome becamebring broughtcatch caughtfind foundthink thought leave leftlet letlose lost wear wore pay paid sell sold catch coudht ride rode meet met。
(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费) cost cost shut shut shut
cut
(割) cut cut spit spit/spat sp it/ spat(英)
hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt let(让) let let put(放) put put read (读) read read
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成) became become awake awoke awoken
come(来) came come run(跑) ran run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) dug dug build built built get(得到) got got/gotten catch caught caught
hang(吊死) hanged hanged deal dealt dealt
hang(悬挂) hung hung feed fed fed
hold(抓住) held held find found found
shine(照耀) shone shone sit
(坐) sat sat
pay paid paid win
(赢) won won
send sent sent meet(遇
见) met met
shoot shot shot keep (保持)
kept kept
tell told told sleep
(睡) slept slept
win won won sweep
(扫) swept swept
feel(感觉) felt felt smell(闻) smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled
leave(离开) left left build(建设) built built
lend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sent
spend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lost
burn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习) learnt learnt
mean(意思是) meant meant catch(抓住) caught caught
teach(教) taught taught bring(带来) brought brought
fight (战斗) fought fought buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heard
sell(卖) sold sold tell(告诉) told told
say(说) said said find(找到) found found
have/has(有) had had make(制造) made made
stand(站) stood stood understand明白understood understood
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始) began begun take(取) took taken
drink(喝) drank drunk mistake(弄错)
mistook mistaken
ring(铃响) rang rung ride
(骑) rode ridden
sing (唱) sang sung do(做) did done
swim(游泳) swam swum write(写) wrote written blow(吹) blew blown go(去)went gone
draw (画) drew drawn lie(平躺) lay lain
fly(飞) flew flown see(看
见) saw seen
grow(生长) grew grown wear (穿) wore worn
know(知道) knew known be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been
throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shown break(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosen forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/born
speak(说,讲) spoke spoken draw drew drawn
wake(醒) woke woken dream dreamt/
dreamed dreamt/ dreamed
drive(驾驶) drove driven hide hid hidden
eat
(吃) ate eaten lay laid laid 放置
fall(落
下) fell fallen lie lied lied 撒谎
give
(给) gave given lie lay lain 躺
ris
(高) rose risen see saw seen shake shook shaken steal stole stolen
can----could may---might will---would shall---should must----must
动词过去式
be (am\ is) was
are were
come came 来
go went去
do (does) did 做,干
fly flew 飞,放飞
draw drew 绘画
make made 制作
sing sang 唱歌
have (has) had 有,吃
eat ate 吃
drink d rank 喝
put p ut 放置
let let 让
read read
hear heard 听见
see saw 看见
get got 得到,获取
take took 拿,带
can could 能
may might 可以
shall should 应该
will would 将,愿意
know knew 知道,懂得
begin bigan 开始
动词过去式
lend lent 借(给)
bend bent 下跪,使弯曲,拐弯
build built 建造,建设
spend spent 度过,花费
mean meant 意思是,意味着
learn learnt learned 学习,了解buy bought 买
think thought 思考,想
teach taught 教
catch caught 抓住
sleep slept 睡觉
sweep swept 扫地
keep kept 保持
speak spoke 说
ride rode 骑
feel felt 感觉到
leave left 离开
give gave 给
run ran 跑
ring rang 摇铃,打电话
sit sat 坐
swim swam 游泳
say said 说
tell told 告诉
throw threw 扔,抛
win won 赢得
write wrote 写
find found
become became
bring brought
catch caught
find found
think thought
leave left
let let
lose lost
wear wore
pay paid
sell sold
catch coudht
ride rode
meet met。