高中高考英语知识汇总(真题+解析+教程+练习+答案)第07章冠词
- 格式:doc
- 大小:136.50 KB
- 文档页数:16
高考英语冠词必考知识点及经典解析冠词几乎是每年高考英语试题中的必考知识点,所以正确掌握冠词的用法非常重要,今天小编就和大家讲讲冠词的用法,希望你们可以熟练掌握~冠词的概念:冠词是置于名词前并限定名词意义的虚词。
英语中的冠词只有定冠词和不定冠词两种,其中定冠词只有the 这一种形式,不定冠词只有a和an这两种形式。
名词前若不用冠词时,又称作零冠词。
不定冠词之所以冠以“不定”两字,就是因为它的主要特点就是“不确定”或“泛指”;定冠词之所以冠以“定”字,就是因为它的主要特点是“确指”或“特指”。
a 与an 的用法区别1.基本区别:原则上说,a用于辅音前;an用于元音前。
辅音前用a的例子如: a book, a student, a school, a house,a magazine 等;元音前用an的例子如: an egg, an apple, an object, an idea, an ugly thing 等。
2.易错说明:hour, honest, honor 等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头,但其读音却以元音开头,因此,前面要用an。
反过来,有些单词虽然以元音字母开头,但其读音却以辅音开头,那么它们的前面应用a而不是an,这些词常见的有useful, university, usual, European, united, one-eyed, one-way 等。
此外,对于数字、字母以及由单词首字母构成的缩略词,其前到底是用a还是an,也需根据读音来确定,如下:He has an 11-year-old daughter.Our daughter sent us an SOS for some more money.冠词在句中的位置1. 通常位置:一般说来冠词放在单数可数名词之前(如a man / the man),如果名词有其他定语,不定冠词应放在定语之前(如a good man / the good man)。
考点巩固卷07 冠词2023年高考真题1.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.【39题详解】考查冠词。
句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。
分析句子结构可知,此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。
故填the。
2.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.【43题详解】考查冠词。
句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,汤应该是热的,清澈的,美味的。
a touch of “一点点;稍许”,常用搭配,touch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数。
故填a。
3.【2023年全国甲卷】In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.9.考查冠词。
句意:晚上,当我在学校的花园里散步时,昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。
表示“散步”短语为take a walk。
故the改为a。
10.考查主谓一致。
句意:晚上,当我在学校的花园里散步时,昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。
此处为一般现在时,主语为the singing of insects,谓语用三单形式。
故become改为becomes。
4.【2023年全国甲卷】In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.9.考查冠词。
高考英语语法知识总结冠词高考英语语法知识总结(冠词)如下:考点一、考查不定冠词a / an表示个别或泛指的用法1. How about taking_____short break? I want to make_____calA. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a; a【解析】答案为D。
take a short break“休息一会儿”, make a call “打一个电话”。
2. Christmas is_____special holiday when_____whole family are supposed to get together.A. the; theB. a; aC. the; aD. a; the【解析】答案为D。
a special holiday指“某一个特别的节日”;the whole family为特指。
考点二、考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法1. I looked under_____bed and found books I lost last week.A. the; aB. the;theC. 不填;theD. the; 不填【解析】答案为B。
此题中的the bed和the books都为特指。
the bed 指“所看的床”;the books指“所丢的书”。
2. I like_____color of your skirt. It is good match for your blouse.A. a; theB. a; aC. the; aD. the; the【解析】答案为C。
the color指“你衬衫的颜色”;a good match泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色”。
考点三、考查不定冠词及零冠词的习惯搭配1. George couldnt remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sureit was Sunday because everybody was at church.A. /; theB. the; /C. a; /D. /; a【解析】答案为C。
高考冠词讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择冠词1.It comes as ______ surprise that ______ dream of space travel will soon come true.A.a; the B.the ; theC.the; a D.a ; /【答案】A【解析】考查冠词。
第一空后的surprise抽象名词具体化了,指一件让人惊讶的事情,或者让人惊讶的人。
第二空特指太空旅游的梦想。
故A正确。
2.He is ________ honest man and he has been waiting for over ______ hour.A.a; a B.an; aC.a; an D.an; an【答案】D【解析】考查冠词,这两个空都应该填不定冠词,泛指:一个诚实的人和一个小时,而honest和hour都是以元音开头的单词,所以有加an,句意是:他是个诚实的人,一直等了一个多小时。
选D。
3.It was __________ great shock to the world that a French airplane got missing over__________ Atlantic Ocean on June 1st, 2009.A.a; /B.the; the C.a; the D./; the【答案】C【解析】考查冠词.前文一个巨大的打击,是泛指.下文太平洋为专有名词,前用定冠词表示特指,故选C.4.I didn’t make sense of ________ poem until I read it ________ third time.A.the; the B.a; theC.the; a D.a, a【答案】C【解析】C 考察关系。
句义:把那首诗又读了一遍,我才弄懂它的意思。
由句义可知,第一空表示特指,第二空a third表示“再一,又一”。
高考英语冠词真题汇编(含答案)含解析一、单项选择冠词1.What ________ wonderful time we had at ________ Smiths’ then!A.a; 不填B.a; the C.不填;the D.the; the【答案】B【解析】句意:那时我们在史密斯家有一段多么美好的日子呀!第一空:time 在这指日子,时期。
是可数名词所以用a,第二空:the+ Smiths,指史密斯一家,所以选B。
2.Surprisingly, years back, when playing American Captain in Marvel’s movie universe became ______ possibility, Chris Evans nearly turned ______ role down.A.the; a B.the; theC.a; the D./; the【答案】C【解析】C句意:令人惊讶的是,几年前,当在电影宇宙中扮演美国队长成为可能的时候,克里斯·埃文斯几乎拒绝了这个角色。
第一空填a,表示“一种可能性”,第二空填the,特指“Amer ican Captain这个角色”,所以选C。
3.— Have you seen ______ film before?—Yes. I saw it on ______ Christmas Day, but I can’t remember the exact year.A.a; a B.a; the C.the; a D.the; the【答案】C【解析】句意:你以前看过这部电影吗?嗯,我在一个圣诞节看过,但是不记得具体是哪一年了。
the是定冠词,一般用于特指的名词前;a是不定冠词,一般用于泛指的,有后置定语的一般都用the。
题中the film是特指这部电影,圣诞节是泛指的一个,故选C。
考点:考查定冠词the和不定冠词a的用法区别。
冠词专题知识清单原版一、不定冠词a/an(一)不定冠词基本用法1.a的用法:冠词后第一个音标为辅音音标(注意:不是辅音字母_)时。
2.an的用法:冠词后第一个音标为元音音标_(注意:不是元音字母_)时。
3.a/an还可以表达:one, the same; every__的意思。
(二)固定短语1.突然:all of a sudden2.事实上:in fact = as a matter of fact3.一个…..的问题:a matter of…4.暂时,一会儿:for a while5.知道:have a knowledge of….6.由…人口:have a population of….7.节食:go on a diet8.搭便车:get a lift = get a ride9.一种…的感觉:a sense of….10.通常,照例:as usual11.不知所措,困惑:at a loss12.一会儿:in a moment13.匆忙:in a hurry14.总之:in a word15.试一试:have a try= have a go16.偶尔:once in a while17.谋生:make a living18.从前:once upon a time19.对…有兴趣:take an interest in….20.在某种程度上:in a way21.从某种意义上:in a sense22.有…历史:have a history of…23.休息:have a rest= take a rest = have a break = take a break24.有….天赋:have a gift for….25.二、定冠词the1.用在表__特指的人或物前面。
2.用在__年代__, _朝代或方位_的名词前面。
3.用在表度量单位名词前,表“_每一__”。
按小时:by the hour按天:by the day按周:by the week按月:by the month按一打:by the dozen按码:by the yard按吨:by the ton按公斤:by the kilogram按公里:by the kilometer按大小尺寸:by size按重量:by weight4.“the+ 形容词或分词”,表_一类人___.5.“_the+姓氏复数__”表示一家人或夫妇二人。
知识梳理一.高考冠词复习加习题〔有答案解析〕冠词是一种虚词,放在名词前面,帮助说明名词的含义.它可以说是名词的一种标志,不能单独使用,无词义.思考:名词与冠词“马是一种有用的动物”,表示“一类”,可以有三种说法:A. A horse is a useful animal.B. The horse is a useful animal.C. Horses are useful animals.二.分类:不定冠词〔a/an〕定冠词〔the〕;零冠词〔即不用冠词〕重点理解:1. 泛指是指首次提到的,不限定的人或事物.2. 特指是指上文已经提到的人或事物,或是指被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定的人或事物,也可以指说话双方所默认的特定的人或事物.3. 类指是指具有共同性质或典型特征的事物的一个类别.〔一〕.不定冠词 a / an1.表示数量上的“一”There is a nice dog.I have two brothers and a sister.2. 用在表示时间、速度、价格等计量单位的名词前表示“每一”,相当于per 或every.Take the medicine three times a day.The plane can get 300 kilometers an hour.2.第一次提到某个人或事物时,通常使用不定冠词,此为“泛指”.Long long ago there was an old king who had a very beautiful daughter.3.用在单数可数名词前,表示一类人或事物,即以一个个体代表整类人或事物,此为“类指”.A horse is a useful animal.I want to be a singer.特殊:4.用于某一个人名、地名前,使专有名词普通化.例如:A Mr. Wang called you ten minutes ago. 一位王先生10分钟前打过你电话A Mr. Li has been waiting for you.一位姓李的先生一直在等你.Chongqing is known as a Shanghai of the west.重庆被称作西部的上海.〔Shanghai 是专有名词,本句中a Shanghai 指和上海一样繁华的城市〕5.用于序数词〔后加名词〕前,表示“又一个,又一次”.例如:Although he has failed twice,he would like to try a third time.He tried a sixth time and succeeded.他又试第六次,结果成功了.6.用在某些抽象名词前,该抽象名词前便具体化了〔固定搭配〕,表示“一种”、“一件”、“一份”等a pleasure / a success/ a failureHe went to the USA in search of a better life.It is an honor for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉.has a knowledge ofhave a preference for…a heavy rain7.固定搭配高考冠词复习加习题〔有答案解析〕at a loss;at an early ageonce upon a timeas a result 〔of〕in a hurryin a wordonce in a whilehave a good timehave a word with 与……说句话have/take a look 〔at〕have/take a resttake an active part inall of a sudden高考冠词复习加习题〔有答案解析〕指出下列句子中定冠词的用法1.特指某〔些〕人或某〔些〕物.The man in blue is my brother.2.上文提到过的人或物.I'd like to buy a car. The car should be powered by new energy. 我想买辆车.这辆车应该用新能源做动力.3.指世界上独一无二的事物.As is known to all, the earth is round. 众所周知,地球是圆的.4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前面.〔1〕 winter is the coldest season .〔2〕 He is always the firstthe last to leave.5.用在表示方向、方位的名词前.the right〔右边〕Zhe jiang lies in the southeast of China.6.用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前.in the Tang Dynasty; in the 1990’s〔在20 世纪90 年代〕7.用在表示乐器的名词前.He likes play the piano. 他喜欢弹钢琴8. 用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛前或由普通名词构成的专有名词前.The Great Wall The Yellow River The WHOThe Pacific Ocean The West Lake The People's Republic of China9. 固定搭配in the distance; in the end; at the same time; on the other hand; on the whole特殊:10.用在某些形容词前表示一类人.The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人.11.用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示某家人.例如:the Blacks〔布莱克一家〕The Smiths have a wonderful sense of humor.史密斯一家人很幽默.12.用在身体的部位前.“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位”中要用the,而不用人称代词,He hit me on the head. 他打了我的头.catch sb. by the arm〔抓住胳膊〕take sb. by the arm 抓住某人的手臂;pat sb. on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀13.用在单位名词前.例如:measure by the metre 〔用米来衡量〕The workers are paid by the day.工人是按天结工资的.I have hired a car by the hour. 我租了一个车,是按小时收费的.〔二〕.零冠词 the1.不可数名词,复数名词前表泛指Horses are useful animals.Water is changed into steam by heat and into ice by cold.水加热变成蒸汽,遇冷则变成冰.2. 表示节日、月份、星期、学科、运动项目以及三餐饭的名称的名词前通常不用冠词.We will hold a meeting on Friday.Maths is as interesting as physics.Let's go and play football, shall we?Let's go and watch them play chess.We went out for a walk after supper.3. 球类、棋类、学科等名称前,一般不加冠词.play football; play chess4. 称呼、头衔、职务等表示抽象性质的名词前,不加冠词.Doctor, I am not feeling well.Bush Jr. was elected president of the United States.5. 中国乐器前不加冠词. play erhu; play piba6. 在与by连用交通工具名称前不加冠词. by car; by train四.易错点梳理〔一〕 a,an 区别基本区别1. a用在辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前.2. 判断一个词是元音还是辅音开头是根据其读音的而不是字母.如一般情况:a boy a deskan apple, an excellent student an interesting book an office an umbrella,特殊:1〕 ____ European village _____university, _____useful book, _____ uniform ____usual thing2〕 ____ hour ____ honest boy, ____one-year dog〔二〕序数词前加定冠词与不定冠词的区别the+序数词,表示“第几……,a+序数词表示 “又一……,再一……”eg:The cake is delicious, and I would like a second one. 蛋糕很好吃,我想再吃一块.〔三〕、a number of , the number of 的区别A number of 意思是“许多”,相当于many;The number of 意思是“…….的数量,…….的数目”,作主语时,谓语动词用三单形式.eg: A number of students_____ 〔like〕The number of students_____ 〔be 〕about 1,500 in our school.(四)、a singer and dancer 两个名词共用一个冠词,表示同一人或物;a singer and a dancer两个名词前各有冠词时,则表示两个人或物.eg: The teacher and writer_____The teacher and the writer_____〔五〕in front of 表示“在……前面”,相当于before,in the front of 则表示“在某物内部的前部”.例:The driver saw a boy standing in front of the bus. 司机看见一个男孩站在公共汽车的前面.The drive sat in the front of the bus. 司机坐在公共汽车的前部.〔六〕、当名词被其它词修饰时,不定冠词a,an的位置应注意.〔重点〕〔1〕不定冠词与so, as, too, how 等连用时的位置soas结构: too +形容词 + a〔an〕 +名词How例:I’ve never seen so tall a tree. 我从没见过这么市制树.= I’ve never seen such a tall tree.It’s too difficult a book for beginners. 这本书对初学者来说太难了.He is as clever a boy as Tom. 他是像汤姆一样聪明的孩子.How beautiful a bird it is! 这是一只多漂亮的鸟啊!〔2〕当名词前面有形容词和quite, rather, 或very ,时,不定冠词位于quite, rather之后,very 之前.结构: quite a +单数可数名词rather a+单数可数名词a very +单数可数名词例: He is quite an honest man. 他是个非常诚实的人.He is rather a gentleman. 他真是一位绅士.It is a very good book. 这是一本很好的书.〔3〕不定冠词与such , half , what , many , 等连用时的位置.such a +单数可数名词结构: half a +单数可数名词what a+单数可数名词many a+单数可数名词〔谓语动词用三单〕(六)名词前有无冠词有很大区别的用法对比:〔了解〕1. 区分:go to school 和go to the school某些个体名词,如:school, church, hospital, bed, prison, table 等,表示抽象意义或相关的活动时,不加冠词;而如果表示具体地点,则要加定冠词.例:The children go to school at seven every morning. 孩子们每天早晨7 点钟上学.Father went to the school to see Mr. Chen. 父亲去学校看望陈老师.同理:go to school 去上学 go to the school 〔因事〕去学校go to church去做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂里go to hospital 去看病 go to the hospital 去医院in hospital 住院 in the hospital 〔因事〕在医院in class 在上课 in the class 在班级里面at table 在进餐 at the table 在桌子旁边at desk 在读书 at the desk 在课桌旁by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边in bed 卧床in the bed 在床上 in prison 坐牢in the prison 〔因事〕在监狱go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed 在床上2. sb. be in charge of sth. 某人负责某事物sth. be in the charge of sb. 某事物由某人掌管3 .take place 发生 take the place 代替例:The accident took place last night. 这场事故是昨天夜里发生的.4.out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question 完全不可能例: It is out of question that he will win the match. 他一定会赢得这场比赛的.A holiday for me this year is out of the question. 我今天休假是不可能的了.5. next week 〔month〕下周〔下个月〕〔以现在看将来〕the next week 〔month〕第二周〔下个月〕〔在过去某一时间之后〕例:He will return next week. 他下周返回.He returned on May 10th and flew to Beijing the next week.他五月十号返回的,第二周又飞住北京去了.6. on earth 究竟,到底〔用于加强语气〕on the earth 在地球上例:What on earth do you want? 你究竟要什么?There are all kinds of living things on the earth. 地球上有各种各们的生物.各地中考英语真题分类汇编——冠词1、This is ______ story-book. It was written by Yang Hongying.A. theB. aC. an【答案】B考查冠词用法a用在以辅音〔指辅音音素〕开头的词前,an用在以元音〔指元音音素〕的词前.the表示特指.本题意思是,这是一本故事书.它是有杨洪基写的.story是以辅音音素开头,故选B.2、—Who’s that girl?—You mean ______ one with long blond hair? That's Jack’s daughter.A. aB. anC. theD.不填【答案】C 考查冠词的用法.the表示特指,指代“留着长发的那个女孩”.3、. Victor can play ______ piano. He can join the music club.A. aB. anC. the【答案】C考查冠词用法.a用在以辅音〔指辅音音素〕开头的词前,an用在以元音〔指元音音素〕的词前.the表示特指或者一些固定用法,比如用在乐器的前面,必须用定冠词the.根据句意:维克托会弹钢琴,他可以加入音乐俱乐部. 故选C.4、. There is no living thing on __________moon.A. theB. aC. 不填【答案】A【解析】选A.考查冠词的用法.世界上独一无二的事物前需要加定冠词the, 如the sun , theearth等.此处句意为:月球上没有生命.故选A.5. Bill likes playing_____basketball, but he doesn’t like playing_____piano.A. the, theB. /, theC. the, /【答案】BA. /B. AC. AnD. The【答案】D7. -----What ___________bad weather it is today!-------Yes, _____________ weather makes me so sad.A. a; aB. /; theC. an; theD. the; a【答案】B8A. The; aB. A; theC. The; an【答案】A9. –People can’t live without _________________ water. ---Yes, I think so.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填【答案】D【2012湖北咸宁】21.―What do you want to be in the future, John?― I want to be _____ fashion designer. It is ______ amazing job.A. a ; theB. an; aC. a; anD. an; the【答案】C10. There is _____ old bridge near my house.A. aB. anC. the【答案】B11. This summer, I’m going to visit_____ Great wall.A. aB. anC. theD. /【答案】C12. In order to find ______ better job, she planned to learn ______ second foreign language.A. the;aB. a;aC. the;theD. a;the【答案】B13. “Will the charity show be_____ success? ”I kept asking myself.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填【答案】A14. Helen has ____ lovely pet dog._____ dog is clever enough to bring her newspapers every evening.A. a ; AB. the ; TheC. a ; TheD. the ;A【答案】C15.My mother is ____ English teacher in a university in Beijing.A.aB.anC.theD./【答案】B16. We will see ______ even strong China in ______ near future.A. a; theB. an; theC. the; aD. an; a【答案】B17. _______girl riding a bike is ________university student.A. A, anB. The, anC. A, theD. The, a【解析】D. 冠词.表示“特指”,填定冠词the;以辅音音素开头的词前用不定冠词a,故选D答案.18. —Would you like _____red dress as a birthday present, Mary?— Sorry, mom. I prefer _____orange one.A. an; anB. a; aC. an; aD. a; an【答案】D19._______15th International Film Festival will be held in Shanghai.A.TheB. AnC. AD.\【答案】 A【解析】考查冠词的用法.定冠词the用在序数词前.句意:第十五届国际电影节将在上海被举办.20、Peer is ____________ honest boy and ___________ good friend of mine.A. a; the.B. the; anC. a; anD. an; aD21. This is ______ interesting movie and it’s also______ most interesting one I’ve ever seen.A. an; aB. an; theC. a; the【答案】B22. Hurry up! If we miss ________ last bus, we’ll have to get home by ________taxi.A. a; 不填B. the ; aC. the;不填D. a; a【答案】C23. —Who’s that girl?—You mean ______ one with long blond hair? That's Jack’s daughter.A. aB. anC. theD.不填【答案】C24. A new road was built between our village and the town. _____ road is wide and clean.A. 不填B. TheC. A【答案】B25. London will hold _____30th Olympic Games in July, 2012.A. aB. anC. theD. /【答案】C链接高考:1.〔2014陕西卷〕 ________ village where I was born has grown into ________ town.A. The; aB. A; theC. The; theD. A; a【答案】A 本题第一空后面的名词vellage的后面有定语从句where I was born修饰,说明该词表示特指,使用定冠词the表示特指.第二空后的名词town是一个可数名词,使用a修饰,表示泛指.句义:我出生的那个小山村已经成为了一个小镇.根据句义说明A正确.2.〔2014重庆卷 I can’t tell you ____ way to the Wilsons' because we don’t have_____ Wilson here in the village.A.the; aB.a; /C. a; theD.the ; /【答案】A 本题第一空后名词way有介词短语to the Wilson’s修饰,说明特指Wilson家的路.所以使用定冠词the表示特指.而第二空后的名词Wilson是一个人名,通常都是单独使用,但是本题中使用a修饰,泛指一个名叫Wilson的人.句意:我无法告诉你去Wilson家的路,因为在这个村子里没有一个名叫Wilson的人.故A正确.3.【2013陕 Marco Polo is said to have sailed on__ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ___ thirteenth century.A. the; aB. a; /C. /; theD. the; the【答案】D 第一空指独一无二的事物用the;第二空为固定短语,表示在多少世纪“in the –th century”,需加定冠词.故答案为D.4.【2012江西卷】The Smiths don’ usually stay at ______ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ______ sea.A./; a B.the; the C./; the D.the; a【答案】C hotel为复数,前不会用定冠词the来修饰;江,河,湖,海前要加定冠词5.【2012全国II】.He missed ____ gold in the high jump, but will get ____ second chance in the long jump.A. the; theB. /; aC. the; aD. a; /【答案】C 此句的第一空特指“跳高中的金牌”,故用定冠词the;第二空为:再得到一次机会,泛指“一次机会”.句意:他在跳高中失去了金牌,但他在跳远中将得到一次机会.。
冠词(一)冠词的分类:冠词分为不定冠词"a,"、定冠词""和零冠词三种。
(二)不定冠词的用法:1. 用于可数名词的单数形式之前,表示"一"a . 动物园里有一只老虎。
2. 表示一类人或事物A . 老虎可能有危害性。
※定冠词形容词(也代表一类人).3. 表示"某一个"或者是指想要成为“像...样的人物”的意思A . 有一位叫史密斯的先生要见你。
a .他将来想成为像马克思一样的人。
4. 表示"同一";"每一"的意思. 他们几乎同岁。
a . 我们每周去游泳四次。
5. 第一次提到的人或事物,但不特别指明是哪一个a .6.用在某些表示数量的词组中:a 许多 a 一对 a 很多7.用于习惯用语中a 突然 a 事实上 a 结果 a 感冒 a () 玩得高兴(三)定冠词用法:1. 用以特指某(些)人或某(些)事物. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
2. 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物, . 请把门打开。
3. 用以复述上文提过的人或事物(第一次提到用“a或”,以后再次提到用“”)a . .4. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前.Shanghai China.5. 表示地球、宇宙等世界上独一无二的事物太阳月亮地球天空区别于a :一轮红日;a :一轮明月6. 指由普通名词构成的专有名词西湖长城美国联合国英国人世界贸易组织紫禁城颐和园7. 用于表示地点、方位,具体的时间或某天的一部分等。
在东方在西方在前面在后面在底部在顶部在右边在左边8. 在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前要用太平洋黄河天山山脉台湾海峡9. 在姓氏复数前,表示一家人. 贝克一家人昨天来看我。
10和某些形容词连用,使形容词名词化,代表一类人或物穷人富人病人伤员好人老人年轻人残疾人美丽的事物丑陋的事物聋哑人11. 用在由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、政党的名词前's 中华人民共和国中国人是勤劳和勇敢的人工人阶级12. 用在强调句中表示“恰恰是,正是”I . 这就是我想要的那本书。
一.冠词的基本用法㈠不定冠词( a/an )的基本用法1.与可数名词单数连用 , 表示类别。
--I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.--You shouldn ’t put drinks near a computer.2. 泛指某人或某物,表示“某一个” ,相当于 a certain。
-- Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?-- Sorry, wrong num ber. There isn’t a Mr. Smith here.3.用于数量、时间等名词前 , 表示“每一(单位)的”。
I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier on Saturdays.4. 在抽象名词、物质名词前 ( 特别是这两种名词有定语修饰时) 用不定冠词 ,使之意义具体化,表示“一种”、“一件”、“一份”等。
It is an honour for me to be invited to the party.我被邀请参加聚会是一种荣誉。
(honour 是抽象名词 ,an honour指一件荣誉的事)㈡定冠词 (the) 的基本用法1.用来特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。
所特指的名词常被短语或定语从句所修饰。
Of all the reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was the most important one.2. 指说话的双方都知道的人或事物。
Don’t worry if you can’t come to the party. I’ll save some cake for you.3. 复述上文中提到的事物。
There is a shelf in my father’s room. The shelf is new.4.用于单数可数名词之前 , 表示该类事物 , 相当于 a 。
第七章冠词第一节真题精析1.____ recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S. would behigher than the number of English speakers by ____ year 2090. 【05北京春考】A. A; theB. A; 不填C. The; 不填D. The; a2. If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off ______.【04全国】A. a priceB. priceC. the priceD. prices3. -- John, there is________ Mr. Wilson on the phone for you.--I'm in bath. 【04全国】A. a; theB. the; aC. a; 不填D. the; 不填4. Tom owns _______larger collection of _______ books than any other student in ourclass. 【04江苏】A. the; 不填B. a; 不填C. a; theD. 不填; the5. The Wilsons live in _____ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _____ 17th centurycottage. 【04浙江卷】A. the , /B. an, theC. /, theD. an, a6. For a long time they walked without saying ______ word. Jim was the first to break _____silence. 【04湖南卷】A. the; aB. a; theC. a; 不填D. the; 不填7. While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made ______ discovery which completely changed ______ man’s understanding of colour. 【04广东卷】A. a…不填 B. a…the C. 不填…the D. the…a8.It is ________world of wonders, world where anything can happen. 【04福建卷】A.a ;the B.a; a C.the ; a D.不填;不填9.When you finish reading the book,you will have better understanding of life. 【04辽宁卷】A.a; the B.the; a C.不填; the D.a; 不填10. When he left college, he got a job as reporter in a newspaper office. 【04天津卷】A. 不填;aB. 不填;theC. a; theD. the; the11. The most important thing about cotton in history is____ part that it played in ______Industrial Revolution. 【04重庆卷】A. 不填;不填B. the;不填C. the; theD. a; the12. ____ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speakingCanadians is ____ major concern of the country.【04北京】A. The; 不填B. The; aC. An; theD. An; 不填13. When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to _______ hotel; I can find you_______ bed in my flat. 【04全国】A. the; aB. the; 不填C. a; theD. a; 不填14. The sign reads “In case of fire, break the glass and push red button.”A.不填;a B.不填;the C.the; the D.a; a 【NMET2003】15. I earn 10 dollars hour as supermarket cashier on Saturdays .【2003上海】A.a …an B.the …a C.an …a D.an…the16.Our neighbor has ____ours. 【2003北京】A.as a big house asB. as big a house asC. the same big house asD. a house the same big as17. Jumping out of ______airplane at ten thousand feet is quite________ exciting experience. 【NMET2002】A. 不填; theB. 不填; anC. an; anD. the; the18.One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain good knowledge of basic word formation. 【2002上海】A./B. theC. aD. one19. The warmth of _____ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ____ wool used. 【NMET2001】A. the, theB. the, 不填C. 不填, theD. 不填, 不填20.A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in _______ leg. 【2001上海】A. aB. oneC. theD. his21. Most animals have little connection with ________animals of _________different kind unless they kill them for food. 【NMET2000】A.the ; a B.不填; a C.the ; the D.不填; the22. Paper money was in _____use in China when Marco Polo visited the countryin_________ thirteenth century. 【NMET1999】A. the;不填B. the;theC.不填;theD.不填;不填23. — Have you seen______ pen? I left it here this morning.—Is it _____black one? I think I saw it somewhere. 【NMET1997】A. a; theB. the; theC. the; aD. a; a24. Many people agree that knowledge of English is a must in_____ international trade today. 【NMET1996】A. a; 不填B. the; anC. the; theD. 不填; the25. —I'd like information about the management of your hotel, please.—Well, you could have_____ word with the manager. He might be helpful. 【NMET1995】A. some; aB. an; someC. some; someD. an; a26. She is ____ newcomer to ____ chemistry but she has already made some important discoveries. 【MET1994】A. the ; theB. the ; 不填C. a; 不填D. a; the【答案与解析】1. A 该题考查冠词的用法。
第一空是指最近的一份报告泛指;第二空the year是指2090特指故选A。
句意:一份最近的报告陈述在2090年前美国说西班牙语的人数要比说英语的人数要多。
2. C该题考查冠词的用法。
此处的price价格是不可数名词特指,故加定冠词the。
句意:如果你买十个以上,他们降价20%。
3. A 该题考查冠词的用法。
不定冠词a或an用在姓名前或Mr./ Mrs. / Ms. +姓氏,表示“某一个、某位”有不肯定的意味。
in the bath意为:在洗澡。
句意:约翰,有一个叫威尔逊的先生在电话上找你。
”“我在洗澡。
”4. B 该题考查冠词的用法。
第一个空用不定冠词加比较级加than any other表示最高级的用法;第二个空是可数名词复数表示类指的用法,不加冠词。
句意:汤姆收藏的书在我班最多。
5. D 该题考查冠词的用法。
第一空关键是A-shaped的读音,A读字母的名称音,此处是泛指故选an;第二个空此处还是泛指,选a。
句意:威尔逊夫妇住在一处A字形的房子里。
该房是一间十七世纪的乡村小别墅。
6. B 该题考查冠词的使用。
word当作“简短的话”解时,前面一般用不定冠词,silence在此是特指当时他们之间的沉默。
是习惯用语。
句意:他们走了很长时间,一句话也没说。
吉姆这时首先打破了沉默。
7. A 该题考查冠词的用法。
make a discovery为习惯用语,意为:做出发现。
man'sunderstanding of colour,名词前面有物主代词故不用冠词。
句意:在牛顿研究改良望远镜时,他做出了一个彻底改变人类对颜色理解的发现。
8.B该题是考查冠词的用法。
句意:这是一个神奇的世界,一个任何事都可能发生的世界。