人教版选修7unit2RobotsP2教学设计
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人教版高中英语选修7 Unit 2 Robots教学设计人教版高中英语选修7 Unit 2 Robots教学设计《英语》(人教版)选修7 Unit 2 Robots第一课时任务型教学设计一、教学内容分析教学内容《英语》(人教版)选修7 Unit 2 Robots 第一课时教学对象高二学生教学项目词语industrial military vacuum hel结构其他Listening Speaking教学目标语言知识熟悉有关机器人种类与功能的话题。
语言技能能运用词汇表述自己的想法与观点。
语言运用能运用语言就选择什么样的机器人发表自己的观点。
文化意识培养学生想象力和对未知世界的探索精神。
情感态度在英语学习中有较强的自信心,敢于用英语进行交流与表达。
学习策略借助联想学习相关词汇。
教学方法任务教学法、学生中心教学法、多媒体教学法教学媒体PPT幻灯媒体、黑板教学重点学习有关机器人的词汇,培养学生表达能力。
教学难点培养学生的表达及判断能力。
运用任务Task of Unit 2: The Future Robot Companyin America is holding a robot desigDesign your robot and write a design plan.Task of Period 1: Make a list of dds of robots anduand decide what kind of robots you want to design.二、课堂教学过程时间教学步骤教师活动学生活动教学目的第1-5分钟热身导入,启动教学播放有关奥特曼的动画片段:an you makea list of works wlude robots as characters? (and get prepared to tell the class about it briefly.)2. What is a robu?(A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usualld by humaRobots are programmed and controlled by a computer.)思考有关机器人的作品。
人教版高中英语选修7《Unit2Robots》教案人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案【一】教学准备教学目标Teaching goals 教学目标1. Be able to learn some important words and phrases2.Help students to learn about robots and science fiction教学重难点eaching important points教学重点Enable students to grasp what T ony did to help Claire and how her emotion developed during Tony’s stay at her house.Teaching dif ficult points 教学难点How Claire’s emotion developed during Tony’s stay at her house.教学过程Teaching procedures 教学过程Step I Warming upPresent a photo of robots. Then ask students to say something about robot.What is on the blackboard?What is a robot?What can a robot do?Step II Pre-readingAsk students to predict question:If you have a robot, will you fall in love with it ?Introduce the background of the text.Step III ReadingFast reading1.What is the text mainly about?It is mainly about how a household _________ was _________ ________ in a family.2.Find the characters in the storyLarry Belmont: working in a company that makes robotsClaire: Larry’s wife, a housewifeTony: the robotGladys Claffern: a woman that Claire envies3. Tell stu dents that Claire’s feelings towards Tony changed as the story developed. Read the story again and then fill in the blanks.Comprehensio nRead the sto ry again and find out Claire’s sense of failure and what helps did Tony offer to her.SummaryFill in the blanks according to the knowledge that we have learnt in this class.The company for which Larry worked was to have a newly?made robot____(call)Tony experimented with by his wife Claire at home. At _____first sight of Tony, Claire felt ________(alarm). She thought it was absurd tha t a robot seemed more like a human than a ______ .For as long as three weeks, Tony wanted to help her to dress, which made Claire ________(embarrass) and she refused him. But she was glad that Ton y could make her home ________, give her a new h aircut and change her makeup. To improve her home,he could also ________ a list of items for her to buy. And finally Tony helped Claire win the victory to be ________ (envy)by those ladies like Gladys Claffern who Claire wanted to be like. ________made us unbelievable was that Claire fell in love ______Tony—a robot !课后习题Homework1. Surf the Internet to get more information about science fiction..2. Preview the language points in the text.人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案【二】教学准备教学目标教学目标1. 语言知识: 使学生理解文章中表达情感变化词汇;熟悉有关机器人方面的话题。
人教版选修七Unit2 Robots 教学设计(中文版)Using language--- Reading, discussing and writing 武汉三中刘敏教学目标:知识目标:引导学生学习有关美国科幻作家阿西莫夫的生平及其作品。
能力目标:1. 提高学生通过扫读和跳读获取信息的能力。
2. 提高学生分析、合作、说和写的能力。
教学重点:引导学生完成阅读、讨论和写作的能力。
教学难点:组织学生讨论,写作和有效呈现其讨论及写作成果。
教学步骤:一、导入通过播放“我,机器人”的精彩电影片段(该影片学生早期看过),和学生回顾讨论该影片情节从而导入到课文话题。
矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖賃軔。
引导学生谈论阿西莫夫和他的作品(课前已经布置学生上网搜集部分相关信息)二、第一遍阅读让学生在规定的三分钟时间里快速浏览课文,在设计的表格里勾选出文中提到的相关话题。
三、第二遍阅读再次阅读文章,快速获取相关信息,并完成信息表格。
四、第三遍阅读任务1:根据时间线索以第一人称的口吻讲述阿西莫夫的故事。
(童年时期)任务2:把阿西莫夫经历的事件按时间顺序排序。
(青年时期)任务3:阅读理解(中年时期)根据阿西莫夫这段时间经历,下面哪种说法不正确?任务4:假设一名记者采访阿西莫夫,请设计一段两人间的采访对话。
(晚年生活)五、课堂讨论问题: 1. 为什么阿西莫夫要提出“机器人三大定律”?2. 你认为有必要界定“机器人三大定律”吗?3 若没有“机器人三大定律”,世界将会怎样?六、课堂微型写作要求学生用至少 5 句话内容,概况课堂上所学和所讨论内容,写一篇关于阿西莫夫的简介,要让那些并不认识了解阿西莫夫的读者对他有一定的印象。
聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净祸測。
七、课后写作课后丰富课堂上的微型习作,要求学生写成不少于150 字的书面表达。
Teaching plan for Book 7 Unit2 Robots (英文版)Using language--- Reading, discussing and writingWuhan No.3 High SchoolLiu MinTeaching Aims :Knowledge Aim:Guidethe Ss to lear n about America n scie nee fictio n writer Asimov s workS.残骛楼諍锩d hi瀨濟溆塹籟婭骒。
高中英语 Unit2 Robots Period 2优秀教案新人教版选修7教学重点掌握课文中一些重要的词组和句型的用法,并能够正确使用。
教学难点正确使用重要的词组和句型教学方法自主学习,合作学习,教师讲解教学过程1Revision1.Ask students to retell the story,using their own words.2.Show the pictures of the robots which the students design and tell the whole class what the robots can do.[设计说明]要求学生自己设计机器人是上节阅读课的家庭作业,可以在课堂上安排一定的时间进行展示和英语说明,也可以让学生自由组队,把自己设计的机器人画出来,并且对于机器人的功用加上文字说明,然后张贴在教室的学习园地中,进行评比。
2Language pointsGo through the important phrases and sentences.(1)test out 试验test sth.on sb./sth.在某人/某物身上做试验(2)His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.more...than...与其说……不如说……(3)It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.常用句型:It be+adj.+that...It be+n.+that...It be+done+that...(4)accompany sb.to someplacee.g.The robots are not allowed to accompany the owners to the supermarket.accompany sb.in doinge.g.Will you please accompany me in travelling to Shanghai on business?(5)ring sb.upring off(6)turn around补充常用短语:turn up turn down turn on turn off turn over(7)The clock struck eight.“strike”有“罢工、袭击、划火柴”等多种意思,在此处指“敲钟”(8)leave sb.alone=let sb.alone(let alone更不用说)3PracticeExercise 1Translate the following expressions into English.1.试验 2.陪伴某人去某处3.陪伴某人做某事 4.让某人单独待着5.与其说……不如说…… 6.打电话给某人7.挂断电话8.转过身9.同情某人10.一大堆书11.更确切地说12.和某人有暧昧关系13.从视线中消失14.对某人耳语15.阻止某人做某事Suggested answers:1.test out 2.accompany sb.to someplace 3.accompany sb.in doing 4.leave sb.alone 5.more...than... 6.ring sb.up7.ring off8.turn around9.have/feel sympathy for sb.10.a pile of books11.or rather12.have an affair with sb.13.disappear from sight14.whisper to sb.15.prevent sb.from doing sth.Exercise 2Translate the following sentences into English.1.我必须请你陪我去警察局。
人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robo ts》教案2篇Teaching plan of unit 2 robots for senior high school English El ective of PEP人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案2篇前言:英语作为在许多国际组织或者会议上都是必需语言,几乎所有学校选择英语作为其主要或唯一的外语必修课。
英语教学涉及多种专业理论知识,包括语言学、第二语言习得、词汇学、句法学、文体学、语料库理论、认知心理学等内容。
本教案根据英语课程标准的要求和教学对象的特点,将教学诸要素有序安排,确定合适的教学方案的设想和计划、并以启迪发展学生智力为根本目的。
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本文简要目录如下:【下载该文档后使用Word打开,按住键盘Ctrl键且鼠标单击目录内容即可跳转到对应篇章】1、篇章1:人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案2、篇章2:人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案篇章1:人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案教学准备教学目标Teaching goals 教学目标1.Be able to learn some important words and phrases2.Help students to learn about robots and science fiction教学重难点eaching important points教学重点Enable students to grasp what Tony did to help Claire and how her emotion developed during Tony’s stay at her house.Teaching dif ficult points 教学难点How Claire’s emotion developed during Tony’s stay at her house.教学过程Teaching procedures 教学过程Step I Warming upPresent a photo of robots. Then ask students to say something about robot.What is on the blackboard?What is a robot?What can a robot do?Step II Pre-readingAsk students to predict question:If you have a robot, will you fall in love with it ?Introduce the background of the text.Step III ReadingFast reading1.What is the text mainly about?It is mainly about how a household _________ was _________ ________ in a family.2.Find the characters in the storyLarry Belmont: working in a company that makes robotsClaire: Larry’s wife, a housewifeTony: the robotGladys Claffern: a woman that Claire envies3.Tell stu dents that Claire’s feelings towar ds Tony changed as the story developed. Read the story again and then fill in the blanks.Comprehensio nRead the sto ry again and find out Claire’s sense of failure and what helps did Tony offer to her.SummaryFill in the blanks according to the knowledge that we have learnt in this class.The company for which Larry worked was to have a newly?made robot____(call)Tony experimented with by his wife Claire at home. At _____first sight of Tony, Claire felt ________(alarm). She thought it was absurd tha t a robot seemed more like a human than a ______ .For as long as three weeks, Tony wanted tohelp her to dress, which made Claire ________(embarrass) and she refused him. But she was glad that Ton y could make her home ________, give her a new h aircut and change her makeup. To improve her home,he could also ________ a list of items for her to buy. And finally Tony helped Claire win the victory to be ________ (envy)by those ladies like Gladys Claffern who Claire wanted to be like. ________made us unbelievable was that Claire fell in love ______Tony—a robot !课后习题Homework1.Surf the Internet to get more information about science fiction..2.Preview the language points in the text.篇章2:人教版高中英语选修7《Unit 2 Robots》教案【按住Ctrl键点此返回目录】教学准备教学目标教学目标1.语言知识: 使学生理解文章中表达情感变化词汇;熟悉有关机器人方面的话题。
人教版高中英语选修7 Unit 2 Robots教学设计人教版高中英语选修7Unit2Robots教学设计《英语》(人教版)选修7Unit2Robots第一课时任务型教学设计一、教学内容分析教学内容《英语》(人教版)选修7Unit2Robots第一课时教学对象高二学生教学项目词语industrialmilitaryvacuumhelicopter结构课文其他Listening&Speaking教学目标语言知识熟悉有关机器人种类与功能的话题。
语言技能能运用词汇表述自己的想法与观点。
语言运用能运用语言就选择什么样的机器人发表自己的观点。
文化意识培养学生想象力和对未知世界的探索精神。
情感态度在英语学习中有较强的自信心,敢于用英语进行交流与表达。
学习策略借助联想学习相关词汇。
教学方法任务教学法、学生中心教学法、多媒体教学法教学媒体PPT幻灯媒体、黑板教学重点学习有关机器人的词汇,培养学生表达能力。
教学难点培养学生的表达及判断能力。
运用任务TaskofUnit2:TheFutureRobotcompanyinAmericaisholding arobotdesigncompetition.Designyourrobotandwriteades ignplan.TaskofPeriod1:makealistofdifferentkindsofrobotsandt heirfunctionsanddecidewhatkindofrobotsyouwanttodesi gn.二、课堂教学过程时间教学步骤教师活动学生活动教学目的第-5分钟热身导入,启动教学播放有关奥特曼的动画片段:.canyoumakealistofworkswhichincluderobotsascharacters?2.whatisarobotinyouropinion?思考有关机器人的作品。
激活学生已有的知识背景,激发学生学习的兴趣。
设计方案一Teaching aims1.To learn the useful expressions and sentence structures.2.To enable students to use language points both orally and in written forms.Teaching proceduresStep 1Learning words and phrases1.desire n.渴望;欲望;渴求;vt.希望得到;想要Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires?你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗?[拓展](1)desire作名词时,可接不定式或者for短语作定语,还可以接that引导的同位语从句。
(2)desire作及物动词时的常见搭配:desire sth./to do sth./sb.to do sth./that...[注意]desire作名词后接同位语从句以及作动词后跟宾语从句时,从句常常用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”结构。
The teacher desires me to come to school on time.=The teacher desires that I should come to school on time.2.test out 试验;考验It was going to be_tested_out_by Larry' wife,Claire.它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来试验。
[拓展]test sb.on sth.就某事(物)测试某人test sth.on sb./sth.在某人(物)身上做试验test sb.for sth.为某事检查某人Mr.Li will test us on_ grammar next week.下周李老师要检测我们的语法。
Unit 2 Robots教材内容分析本单元以机器人和科幻小说为话题,介绍了20世纪世界知名的科幻小说家Isaac Asimov发表于1951年的Satisfaction Guaranteed 和他的生平。
本课时是本单元的第一课时,内容包括Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading and prehending 四部分。
通过本课时的教学,旨在让学生了解科幻小说最大的特征在于:它赋予了“幻想〞依靠科技在未来得以实现的极大可能,甚至有些“科学幻想〞在多年以后,的确在科学上成了现实。
如Isaac Asimov 1951年描述的机器人的部分功能已经被应用于现实生活和工作中。
在教学中,要鼓励学生敢于幻想,大胆创新,发挥自己丰富的想象力和创作力,小组合作创作出课堂话剧,写出独具特色的科幻文章。
教学目标知识目标1.掌握本单元教学目的和要求中的单词和词汇。
如:fiction,desire,satisfaction,alarm,alarmed,sympathy,elegant,pile,scan,fingernail,absurd,haircut,acpany,counter,cushion,awful,affair,declare,envy,test out,ring up,turn around,leave...alone 等。
2.帮助学生更多地了解机器人以及有关的科幻小说、小说家阿西莫夫及其文学作品。
能力目标:学会使用推测和确信的表达法。
情感目标:培养学生的想象力和对未知世界的探索精神。
教学重点:1.更多地了解机器人以及科幻小说。
2.掌握女主人公克莱尔的感情和心理上的变化。
教学难点:1.学会使用推测和确信的表达法。
2.话剧的编排和展示。
教学方法:1.任务型教学。
2.合作型教学。
教学过程:Step 1 Leading-inLet students see parts of the movie Big Hero Six to arise their interest in this class.Step 2 Warming up1.Present photos of different kinds of robots. Then ask the students to say what the robots are doing and what kind of robots they are.2.Ask students to summarize what robots can do.Step3 Pre-readingLook at the photos of robots and ask students to discuss the following question. Students are encouraged to speak out their opinions freely.Do you think it is possible for a robot to think for itself,have feelings,have its own needs and desires,or look and feel like a human being?Step 4 SkimmingSkim the text to find out the main idea and the main characters in the story.(1)What is the text mainly about?It is mainly about how_________ used for ___________was tested out in a ________.(2)How many characters are mentioned in the story? Who are they?What’s therelationshipbetween them?Step 4 Scanning1.Read the story and decide whether the following statements are true or false.(1)Larry was going to be away from home so he hired a robot to acpany his wife .(2) Claire didn’t like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed to it at last.(3) Tony could understand Claire when she said she was not clever.(4) It was Claire that first decided to invite Gladys and her friends to her house.(5) Claire’s guests were filled with admiration when they saw her house was pletelychanged.(6)The pany was satisfied with Tony’s report because he had successfully made awoman fall in love with him.2. Multiple Choice〔1〕Why did Claire feel alarmed at the sight of Tony?A. Because he was a robot.B. Because she didn’t like him.C. Because he was more like a being than a machine.D. Because he never changed his facial expressions.〔2〕We can infer that when Claire first saw Tony, she felt alarmed by _____.A. his appearanceB. his abilityC. his facial expressionsD. his cleverness〔3〕Why did Claire buy the items from the shop?A. Because her husband was to return.B. Because Tony was to leave.C. Because Tony wanted the house transformed.D. Because she thought she needed them.〔4〕The robot Tony helped Claire to realize her dream by______.A. making her home elegantB. giving her a new haircut and changing the makeup she woreC. giving her advice on her dressesD. all the above〔5〕Which of the following is NOT the reason why Tony opened the curtains?A. To let other women see everything.B. To show the risk of Claire’s marriage.C. To let other women envy Claire.D. To make Claire elegant just like her neighbor.〔6〕As a result, the experiment shows _____.A. Claire and Tony fell in love with each otherB. Tony had to be rebuiltC. Tony was angry with his designerD. Both A and B〔7〕 All the following statements are true except _____.A. Tony tried to please ClaireB. Claire tried to displease TonyC. Tony managed to protect ClaireD. Gladys admired Claire for Tony3. Blank-fillingA robot used for housework 1.________(test) out in a family. He looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth hair ,2._________(speak)in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot 3.________ 〔acpany〕his wife Claire. Claire didn’t like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed to it at last. At the first sight of Tony, Claire was 4.__________ (alarm). When Tony offered to help her dress ,Claire felt embarrassed. Gradually , Tony began to win Claire’s trust. He helped Claire realize her dreams 5. _________ making her home elegant, giving 6.______ a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. Therefore at the party all the guests 7. __________ were invited were filled with admiration 8.________ they saw her house was pletely changed.9.________ the t est, the pany was satisfied with Tony’s report because he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence 10._________ fall in love with him. Step 5 Talking: Play PerformanceYou are going to use your imaginations to make up a play about a robot looking after two or three school friends.To prepare your play, you may follow these procedures:●Decide who will play each character.●Plan what the characters will say. Perhaps the play could start with the robot sayingin a robotic voice:〞 Take off your school uniform.●Put on your after school clothes.〞 Think about how to make the play interesting,for example, perhaps the friends do not do what the robot tells them to do.●Plan the actions of each character.●Show how the characters are feeling by using appropriate gestures, facial expressionswords and actions.(Think about whether the robot has any facial expressions)●Practice the your play and the perform it in front of the class.Step 6 Homework1. Surf the internet to learn more about robots and science fiction.2. Surf the internet to learn about Isaac Asimov.3. Do Exercise 2 on Page 13.。
Unit 2 RobotsPart 1 Teaching Design第一部分教学设计Period 2 A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language (Revise the passive voice including the infinitive)IntroductionIn this period students will be first helped by the teacher to discover and learn to use some useful words and collocations, and then to discover and revise the passive voice including the infinitive. The following steps of teaching may be taken: warming up by having a dictation, discovering useful words and collocations, reading more about the 22nd century, learning about the passive voice, discovering useful structures and closing down by putting on stage a text play of Satisfaction Guaranteed.ObjectivesTo help students revise the passive voiceTo help students discover and learn to use some useful words and collocationsTo help students discover and learn to use some useful structuresProcedures1. Warming up by having a dictationTo begin with, let’s take a dictation to strengthen our memory of the text.2. Discovering useful words and collocationsA collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just sound "right" to native English speakers, who use them all the time.While going over the text, try to recognize the collocations, treat them as single blocks of language and copy them out into your Collocation Book.Now go to page 13. Work in pairs to finish the three exercises in 10 minutes.3. Learning about the passive voiceACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES CHART4. 被动语态小结●被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.●非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.●It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。
有:It is said that…据说,It is reported that…据报道,It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is well known that…众所周知,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.(=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )●谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义英语中有很多动词如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例This kind of cloth washes well.注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较:The door won't lock.(指门本身有毛病)The door won't be locked.(指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如:happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable.●非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在need,want,require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。
形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系, 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.(to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。
) 试比较:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? ( 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。
)在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。
例This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).在too… to…结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.在there be…句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物。
例There is no time to lose(to be lost).(用to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁lost time不明确。
)在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动, 被动表被动。
然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent, blame, let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例Who is to blame for starting the fire?●介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之义,其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词。