机械原理大作业-凸轮结构20
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凸轮机构设计
题目要求:
试用计算机辅助设计完成下列偏置直动推杆盘形凸轮机构的设计,已知数据如下各表所示。凸轮沿逆时针方向作匀速转动。
表一 偏置直动滚子推杆盘形凸轮机构的已知参数
升程/mm 升程运动角/。 升程运动规律 升程许用压力角/。 回程运动角/。 回程运动规律 回程许用压力角/。 远休止角/。 近休止角/。
70 120 余弦加速度 35 90 正弦加速度 65 60 90
要求:
1)确定凸轮推杆的升程、回程运动方程,并绘制推杆位移、速度、加速度线图。
2)绘制凸轮机构的sdds线图;
3)确定凸轮基圆半径和偏距;
4)确定滚子半径;
5)绘制凸轮理论廓线和实际廓线。 2 推杆运动规律:(取32w)
1)推程运动规律:由余弦加速度运动公式可得
)cos(1211hs
)sin(2hwv111
)cos(2h112122wa
2)回程运动规律:正弦加速度运动公式可得
)2sin(211322ThsT
)2cos(1v322Thw
)2sin(2a32222Thw
试中:T=)(s1-
经带入计算可得:
s1 = 0.035*(1 - cos(1.5*x));
v1=0.105/2 * w * sin(1.5 * x);
a1 = 0.1575/2 * w^2 .* cos(1.5*x);
s3 = 0.070*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));
v3 = -0.140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi));
a3 = 0.56 * w^2/pi .*sin(4*z - 4* pi);
三 计算程序(matlab)
(1)推杆位移、速度、加速度线图编程;
a.位移与转角曲线
w = 2*pi/3
x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);
s1 = 0.035*(1 - cos(1.5*x));
v1=0.105/2 * w * sin(1.5 * x);
a1 = 0.1575/2 * w^2 .* cos(1.5*x);
y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi); 3 s2 = 0.070;
v2=0;
a2 = 0;
z = (pi ):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);
s3 = 0.070*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));
v3 = -0.140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi));
a3 = 0.56 * w^2/pi .*sin(4*z - 4* pi);
c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);
s4 = 0;
v4 = 0;
a4 = 0;
plot(x,s1,'b',y,s2,'b',z,s3,'b',c,s4,'b')
xlabel('转角/rad')
ylabel('位移/m/')
title('位移与转角曲线')
b.速度与转角曲线
w = 2*pi/3
x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);
s1 = 0.035*(1 - cos(1.5*x));
v1=0.105/2 * w * sin(1.5 * x);
a1 = 0.1575/2 * w^2 .* cos(1.5*x);
y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);
s2 = 0.070;
v2=0;
a2 = 0;
z = (pi ):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);
s3 = 0.07*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));
v3 = -0.140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi)); 4 a3 = 0.56 * w^2/pi .*sin(4*z - 4* pi);
c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);
s4 = 0;
v4 = 0;
a4 = 0;
plot(x,v1,'g',y,v2,'g',z,v3,'g ',c,v4,'g')
xlabel('转角/rad')
ylabel('速度/(m/s)')
title('速度与转角曲线')
c.加速度与位移转角曲线
w = 2*pi/3
x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);
s1 = 0.035*(1 - cos(1.5*x));
v1=0.105/2 * w * sin(1.5 * x);
a1 = 0.1575/2 * w^2 .* cos(1.5*x);
y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);
s2 = 0.070;
v2=0;
a2 = 0;
z = (pi):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);
s3 = 0.070*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));
v3 = -0.140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi));
a3 = 0.56 * w^2/pi .*sin(4*z - 4* pi);
c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);
s4 = 0; 5 v4 = 0;
a4 = 0;
plot(x,a1,'r',y,a2,'r',z,a3,'r ',c,a4,'r')
xlabel('转角/rad')
ylabel('加速度/(m^2/s)')
title('加速度与转角曲线')
(2)凸轮机构的sdds线图编程;
w = 2*pi/3
x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);
s1 = 35*(1 - cos(1.5*x));
news1 = 35*1.5*sin(1.5*x);
y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);
s2 = 70;
news2 = 0;
z = (pi ):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);
s3=70*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));
news3 =-140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi));
c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);
s4 = 0;
news4 = 0;
plot(news1,s1,'b',news2,s2,'b',news3,s3,'b',news4,s4,'b')
6 xlabel('ds/dp');
ylabel('(位移s/mm)')
title('ds/dp 与位移s曲线')
grid
(3)确定基圆半径和偏距;
(4)
经过对凸轮机构的sdds线图分析确定其偏距e=17,s=70,基圆半径r0=32,,得s0=50;
a.先求凸轮理论轮廓曲线,程序如下:
w = 2*pi/3;s0 = 50;s = 70;e = 17;
x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);
x1 = (s + s0)*cos(x)-e*sin(x);
y1 = (s0 + s)*sin(x) - e*cos(x);
y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);
x2 = (s + s0)*cos(y)-e*sin(y);
y2 = (s0 + s)*sin(y) - e*cos(y);
z = (pi):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);
x3 = (s + s0)*cos(z)-e*sin(z);
y3 = (s0 + s)*sin(z) - e*cos(z);
c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);
x4 = (s + s0)*cos(c)-e*sin(c);
y4 = (s0 + s)*sin(c) - e*cos(c);
plot(x1,y1,'b',x2,y2,'b',x3,y3,'b',x4,y4,'b');
xlabel('x/mm')
ylabel('y/mm')
title('理轮轮曲线') 7
b.再通过该廓线求其最小曲率半径,程序如下:
v=[];
syms x1 x2 x3 x4 x5
s0 = 50;
e = 20;
s1 = 35*(1 - cos(1.5*x1));
t1 = (s1 + s0)*cos(x1)-e*sin(x1);
y1 = (s0 + s1)*sin(x1) - e*cos(x1);
tx1=diff(t1,x1);
txx1=diff(t1,x1,2);
yx1=diff(y1,x1);
yxx1=diff(y1,x1,2);
for xx1= 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);
k1=subs(abs((tx1*yxx1-txx1*yx1)/(tx1^2+yx1^2)^1.5),{x1},{xx1});
v=[v,1/k1];
end
s2 = 70;
t2 = (s2 + s0)*cos(x2)-e*sin(x2);
y2 = (s0 + s2)*sin(x2) - e*cos(x2);
tx2=diff(t2,x2);
txx2=diff(t2,x2,2);
yx2=diff(y2,x2);
yxx2=diff(y2,x2,2);
for xx2=(2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);
k2=subs(abs((tx2*yxx2-txx2*yx2)/(tx2^2+yx2^2)^1.5),{x2},{xx2});
v=[v,1/k2];
end
s3 = 110*(10/3- 2*x3/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*x3 - 14* pi/3));
t3 = (s3 + s0)*cos(x3)-e*sin(x3);
y3 = (s0 + s3)*sin(x3) - e*cos(x3);
tx3=diff(t3,x3);
txx3=diff(t3,x3,2);
yx3=diff(y3,x3);
yxx3=diff(y3,x3,2);