机械原理大作业-凸轮结构20

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凸轮机构设计

题目要求:

试用计算机辅助设计完成下列偏置直动推杆盘形凸轮机构的设计,已知数据如下各表所示。凸轮沿逆时针方向作匀速转动。

表一 偏置直动滚子推杆盘形凸轮机构的已知参数

升程/mm 升程运动角/。 升程运动规律 升程许用压力角/。 回程运动角/。 回程运动规律 回程许用压力角/。 远休止角/。 近休止角/。

70 120 余弦加速度 35 90 正弦加速度 65 60 90

要求:

1)确定凸轮推杆的升程、回程运动方程,并绘制推杆位移、速度、加速度线图。

2)绘制凸轮机构的sdds线图;

3)确定凸轮基圆半径和偏距;

4)确定滚子半径;

5)绘制凸轮理论廓线和实际廓线。 2 推杆运动规律:(取32w)

1)推程运动规律:由余弦加速度运动公式可得

)cos(1211hs

)sin(2hwv111

)cos(2h112122wa

2)回程运动规律:正弦加速度运动公式可得

)2sin(211322ThsT

)2cos(1v322Thw

)2sin(2a32222Thw

试中:T=)(s1-

经带入计算可得:

s1 = 0.035*(1 - cos(1.5*x));

v1=0.105/2 * w * sin(1.5 * x);

a1 = 0.1575/2 * w^2 .* cos(1.5*x);

s3 = 0.070*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));

v3 = -0.140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi));

a3 = 0.56 * w^2/pi .*sin(4*z - 4* pi);

三 计算程序(matlab)

(1)推杆位移、速度、加速度线图编程;

a.位移与转角曲线

w = 2*pi/3

x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);

s1 = 0.035*(1 - cos(1.5*x));

v1=0.105/2 * w * sin(1.5 * x);

a1 = 0.1575/2 * w^2 .* cos(1.5*x);

y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi); 3 s2 = 0.070;

v2=0;

a2 = 0;

z = (pi ):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);

s3 = 0.070*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));

v3 = -0.140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi));

a3 = 0.56 * w^2/pi .*sin(4*z - 4* pi);

c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);

s4 = 0;

v4 = 0;

a4 = 0;

plot(x,s1,'b',y,s2,'b',z,s3,'b',c,s4,'b')

xlabel('转角/rad')

ylabel('位移/m/')

title('位移与转角曲线')

b.速度与转角曲线

w = 2*pi/3

x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);

s1 = 0.035*(1 - cos(1.5*x));

v1=0.105/2 * w * sin(1.5 * x);

a1 = 0.1575/2 * w^2 .* cos(1.5*x);

y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);

s2 = 0.070;

v2=0;

a2 = 0;

z = (pi ):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);

s3 = 0.07*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));

v3 = -0.140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi)); 4 a3 = 0.56 * w^2/pi .*sin(4*z - 4* pi);

c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);

s4 = 0;

v4 = 0;

a4 = 0;

plot(x,v1,'g',y,v2,'g',z,v3,'g ',c,v4,'g')

xlabel('转角/rad')

ylabel('速度/(m/s)')

title('速度与转角曲线')

c.加速度与位移转角曲线

w = 2*pi/3

x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);

s1 = 0.035*(1 - cos(1.5*x));

v1=0.105/2 * w * sin(1.5 * x);

a1 = 0.1575/2 * w^2 .* cos(1.5*x);

y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);

s2 = 0.070;

v2=0;

a2 = 0;

z = (pi):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);

s3 = 0.070*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));

v3 = -0.140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi));

a3 = 0.56 * w^2/pi .*sin(4*z - 4* pi);

c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);

s4 = 0; 5 v4 = 0;

a4 = 0;

plot(x,a1,'r',y,a2,'r',z,a3,'r ',c,a4,'r')

xlabel('转角/rad')

ylabel('加速度/(m^2/s)')

title('加速度与转角曲线')

(2)凸轮机构的sdds线图编程;

w = 2*pi/3

x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);

s1 = 35*(1 - cos(1.5*x));

news1 = 35*1.5*sin(1.5*x);

y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);

s2 = 70;

news2 = 0;

z = (pi ):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);

s3=70*(3 - 2*z/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*z - 4* pi));

news3 =-140/pi * w .* (1 - cos(4*z - 4* pi));

c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);

s4 = 0;

news4 = 0;

plot(news1,s1,'b',news2,s2,'b',news3,s3,'b',news4,s4,'b')

6 xlabel('ds/dp');

ylabel('(位移s/mm)')

title('ds/dp 与位移s曲线')

grid

(3)确定基圆半径和偏距;

(4)

经过对凸轮机构的sdds线图分析确定其偏距e=17,s=70,基圆半径r0=32,,得s0=50;

a.先求凸轮理论轮廓曲线,程序如下:

w = 2*pi/3;s0 = 50;s = 70;e = 17;

x = 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);

x1 = (s + s0)*cos(x)-e*sin(x);

y1 = (s0 + s)*sin(x) - e*cos(x);

y = (2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);

x2 = (s + s0)*cos(y)-e*sin(y);

y2 = (s0 + s)*sin(y) - e*cos(y);

z = (pi):(pi/100):(3*pi/2);

x3 = (s + s0)*cos(z)-e*sin(z);

y3 = (s0 + s)*sin(z) - e*cos(z);

c = (3*pi/2):(pi/100):( 2*pi);

x4 = (s + s0)*cos(c)-e*sin(c);

y4 = (s0 + s)*sin(c) - e*cos(c);

plot(x1,y1,'b',x2,y2,'b',x3,y3,'b',x4,y4,'b');

xlabel('x/mm')

ylabel('y/mm')

title('理轮轮曲线') 7

b.再通过该廓线求其最小曲率半径,程序如下:

v=[];

syms x1 x2 x3 x4 x5

s0 = 50;

e = 20;

s1 = 35*(1 - cos(1.5*x1));

t1 = (s1 + s0)*cos(x1)-e*sin(x1);

y1 = (s0 + s1)*sin(x1) - e*cos(x1);

tx1=diff(t1,x1);

txx1=diff(t1,x1,2);

yx1=diff(y1,x1);

yxx1=diff(y1,x1,2);

for xx1= 0:(pi/100):(2*pi/3);

k1=subs(abs((tx1*yxx1-txx1*yx1)/(tx1^2+yx1^2)^1.5),{x1},{xx1});

v=[v,1/k1];

end

s2 = 70;

t2 = (s2 + s0)*cos(x2)-e*sin(x2);

y2 = (s0 + s2)*sin(x2) - e*cos(x2);

tx2=diff(t2,x2);

txx2=diff(t2,x2,2);

yx2=diff(y2,x2);

yxx2=diff(y2,x2,2);

for xx2=(2*pi/3):(pi/100):(pi);

k2=subs(abs((tx2*yxx2-txx2*yx2)/(tx2^2+yx2^2)^1.5),{x2},{xx2});

v=[v,1/k2];

end

s3 = 110*(10/3- 2*x3/pi + 1/(2*pi).*sin (4*x3 - 14* pi/3));

t3 = (s3 + s0)*cos(x3)-e*sin(x3);

y3 = (s0 + s3)*sin(x3) - e*cos(x3);

tx3=diff(t3,x3);

txx3=diff(t3,x3,2);

yx3=diff(y3,x3);

yxx3=diff(y3,x3,2);