初中英语语法几大基本时态讲与练2

初中英语8种时态复习I.时态详解一、一般现在时：概念：①表现在存在的状态；②现在经常、反复发生的动作。

时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSund ays,etc.基本结构：①主语+be（am,is,are）;②主语+行为动词原型（单三形式主语+动词单三形式）否定形式：①am/is/are+not;(is+not=isn’t;are+not=aren’t)②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时：概念：①过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;②过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,jus tnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.基本结构：①主语+be（was,were）;②主语+动词过去式否定形式：①was/were+not;(was+not=wasn’t;were+not=weren’t)②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首;②用助动词did提问，同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语：now,look,listen,atthistime,thesedays,etc.基本结构：be(am,is,are)+doing否定形式：be(am,is,are)+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

英语常用八种基础时态讲解和练习LEKIBM standardization office【IBM5AB- LEKIBMK08- LEKIBM2C】英语时态一般现在时一般现在时通常用动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数（he, she, it, Tom）时需要在在动词原形后面加-e或-es.如：一般现在时的基本用法1.表示主语现在的特征和状态，通常不用时间状语。

He is twelve, she is at home. She likes bread.2. 表示经常发生、反复发生的动作。

这种用法中与always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never, once a week等频度副词连用。

She often goes to the movies on weekends.--When is your birthday?--My birthday is January 15th.3.表示客观真理、科学事实、格言等。

The sun always rises in the east.太阳总是从东方升起。

The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.4.一般现在表示将来时。

①. 表示按时间表拟定的或安排好，到时就发生的事情或动作。

The train arrives at 10:30. There is plenty of time.火车十点三十分到达，还有充足的时间。

She comes back next week.她下周会回来。

②在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中。

I will discuss this with you when we meet next time.下次见面时咱们再讨论。

If he arrives, please give me a phone call.现在进行时构成：be(am, is are)+现在分词。

五种重点时态语法及练习1一般现一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。

如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。

如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。

如：We study English.我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。

如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。

如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。

如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。

如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。

如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

初中英语各种时态的讲解及练习一关于时态。

时态其实是指的两个概念：其一是指时间，其二是指：在不同的时间条件下动词的形式。

时间上英语主要分为三段：过去时间，现在时间和将来时间。

动词的形式有五种,情态动词除外。

（原型do、三单does、现在分词doing、过去式did、过去分词done）。

其实时态主要就是在考察动词。

因此同学们一定要有这个意识：只要一说起时态我们就要去关注谓语动词怎么变化（用什么样的形式）二、初中阶段主要要掌握以下8种时态：1.现在类的时态1.一般现在时态:2.现在进行时态3.现在完成时态4.现在完成进行时态（了解）2.过去类的时态: 1.一般过去时态 2.过去进行时态3.过去完成时态3 将来类的时态: 一般将来时态三．中学阶段各种时态的定义：1. 一般现在时态：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表达主语现在的情况、状态。

2. 一般过去时态：表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。

3. 一般将来时态：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

4. 现在进行时态：表示现在（说话时刻）正在发生或进行的动作或事情。

（注意：现在进行时态可以表是将来特别是在谓语动词是一些具有位置移动性的动词的时候如：go come leave move fly ）5. 过去进行时态：表示过去某一时刻\时点正在进行的动作。

／表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调现在的情况6. 现在完成时态：＼表示过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态(谓语动词要用延续性动词)7.过去完成时态：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。

它表示动作发生在过去的过去。

8.现在完成进行时态：表示从过去某时开始一直延续到说话时还在进行，或可能还要继续下去的动作。

四．初中阶段各时态的句型：1.一般现在时态：(1)be动词时用（am \is \are）(2)其他实意动词：S(主语)非三单+ do （原型）S(主语)三单+ does （三单）2.一般过去时态：(1)be动词时用（was\were）(2) 其他实意动词：把原形动词变为过去式（do---变----did）3.一般将来时态：句型一：be(am \is \are）+ going to + do （原型）句型二：shall(一人称用)\will + do （原型）4.现在进行时态：be(am \is \are）+doing(动词+ing)注意：现在进行时态的特殊用法可以表将来，特别是在谓语动词是一些具有位置移动性的动词的时候如：go come leave move fly ）5.过去进行时态：was\were + doing(动词+ing)6.现在完成时态：have\has +done(动词的过去分词)7.过去完成时态：had + done(动词的过去分词) 8.现在完成进行时态：have\has+ been + doing(动词+ing)8.现在完成进行时态：have\has+ been + doing(动词+ing)五、八种初中常考时态的时间标志词汇归纳1.一般现在时态常用的时间标志词：often、usually、always、sometimes、every hour\day\week\month\year、in the morning (afternoon …) on Sundays\weekends, once a week, twice a day, three times a year2.一般过去时态常用的时间标志词：yesterday，the day before yesterday，yesterday morning\afternoon\evening.... last week、last month , last year ,last night= yesterday evening 一段时间+ ago、, three days ago，an hour ago ,two weeks ago ,ten years ago…. in 1990\2001\2010 just now; a (short) while ago; a moment ago 刚才in the past以往；在过去once upon a time=long long ago 很久很久以前3.一般将来时态常用的时间标志词：tomorrow、the day after tomorrow , tomorrow morning\afternoon\evening.... next week\month\year , next term this month\year、in +一段时间, in three days , in ten years at once; right now; right away, immediately , in a minute\ moment ，in no time 立刻，马上in the future4现在进行时态常用的时间标志词：Now= at present; at the moment 现在、目前、此刻at this moment/time Look! Listen! It’s six... o’clock5.过去进行时态常用的时间标志词：at six yesterday morning ………. at 11:00 last night from 7 to 9 yesterday morning 、at this time yesterday、at that time、也可用在when和while引导的从句。

英语语法八大时态一．一般现在时结构肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not例句：He often goes swimming in summer.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.二．一般过去时态结构肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他基本结构否定句一般疑问句Be动词was/were+not was/were提前，放于句首行为动词didn’t+do(动词原形）Did+主语+do（动词原形）三．一般将来时结构结构1：肯定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+其他否定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+not+其他一般疑问句式：助动词Will+主语+动词原形+其他简单回答：在口语中，will在名词或代词后常缩为’ll，wii not常简缩为won’t。

在疑问句中，主语为第一人称时（I和we）时，常用助动词shall。

例如：She’ll go to play basketball.Shall we go to the zoo?结构2：肯定句式：主语+be going to +动词原形+其他否定句式：主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式：Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语+be （否）No,主语+be not将来时其他表示法1）be going to表示将来表示说话人的打算、计划、安排或根据迹象判断必然或很可能发生的事情。

初中英语语法专项复习：英语各个时态和语态讲解及练习题初中英语有16种时态,但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时;下面分别介绍;1、一般现在时的用法1 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理;句中常用always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,rarely,never,every daymorning,Monday,week,...etc.,every there years,once a weekday,month,...etc.,...等时间状语;例如：a. He goes to school every day.b. He is very happy.earth moves around the sun.2 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来;例如：a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside.2.一般过去时的用法1 表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作;常和:last weeknight,Monday,month,year,...etc.four years agodays,month,...etc.before1980three,liberation,从句,...etc.the day before yesterday,the day before last,the year before last,just now,a monent ago,yesterday,yesterday morning,this morning,at first,at last,in the end,finally,then,..a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday.b. He worked in a factory in 1986.2表示过去经常发生的动作, 也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”; I used to smoke. During the vacation I wouldm in the sea.注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态;a. I am used to the climate here.b. He is used tomming in winter.3.一般将来时的用法一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态;其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事;常和：next weekMonday,month,year,...etc.in three daysan hour,...etc.tomorrow,tomorrow morning,the day after tomorrow,the day after next,the year after next,tonight,in 20102016...etc.this evening,this Saturday,after Wednesday,soon,sometime next week,one day in futuer,sooner or later,...1be going to do 结构It is going to rain.We are going to have a meeting today.2 “be about to + 动词原形” 表示即将发生的动作,意为be ready to do sth. 后面一般不跟时间状语; We are about to leave.3 go , come , start, move, leave, arrive ,stay 等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作;I’m leaving for Beijing.4.现在进行时的用法1 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作,由“ be + 现在分词” 构成;常和：now,these daysweeks,months,...etc. this monthweek,...etc.Look,Listen,...另外, “系动词+ 介词或副词” 也表示进行时的意义;What are you doingThe bridge is under construction.2 表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词如have, be , here, se, like 等一般不用进行;5.过去进行时的用法1 过去进行时过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作,由“ was were + 现在分词”构成;常和：this time yesterday,this time last Friday,in those days,at nine last night,from one to three yesterday afternoon,...In 1980 he was studying in a university.He was reading a novel when I came in.6.现在完成时的用法现在完成时由“have/has + 过去分词.其使用有两种情况：1 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成,但对现在有影响;句中没有具体时间状语;常和：just,alreadly,yet,never,ever,now,before,this week,today,these days,once,twice,three times,...He has gone to Fuzhou.He has been to Fuzhou.2 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去常用for 和since表示一段时间的状语或since then1949,last Monday,two o'clock,从句...,etc.,ever since then,for three daysa long time,two hours,...etc.so far , now, today, this wek month, year 等表示包括现在内的状语;He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 1985.Now I have finished the work..注意：表示短暂时间动作的词如come, go , die, marry, buy 等的完成时不能与for, since 等表示一般时间的词连用;正确：I have bought the book already.错误：I have bought the book for two years.改：I have had the bookl for two years.7．过去完成时的用法1 过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成;过去完成时的动作表示过去某一时刻或某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态;句中常用by then1977,yesterday,eight last night,the time we got there,...etc.by the end of last termweek,year,month,...etc..by, before, until, when 等词引导的时间状语;By the end of last year we had built five new houses.I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.2过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去;Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.8．过去将来时的用法过去将来时表示从过去的某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态;过去将来时由“should 或would + 动词原形” 构成;第一人称用should, 其他人称用would. ;常和：They were sure that they would succeed.二动词语态1．当句子的主语是动作的执行者时, 谓语的形式叫主动语态;句子的主语是动作承受者时,谓语的形式叫被动作语态;被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词构成,时态通过be 表现出来;1 一般现在时：You are required to do this.2 一般过去时：The story was told by her.3 一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.4 现在进行时：The road is being widened.5 过去进行时：The new tool was being made.6 现在完成时：The novel has been read.7 过去完成时：He said that the work had been finished.8 过去将来时：He said that the trees would be planted soon.2. 一些特殊的被动结构1 带情态动词的被动结构：The problem must be solved soon.2 带不定式的被动结构：The room is going to be painted.The homework needs to be done with care.3 短语动词的被动：a.不及物动词+介词：若这类短语动词是及物性的,则可用于被动语态中,如：laugh at, look after, talk about, think of 等;若这类短语动词是不及物性的则不可用于被动语态中,如：book up, look down. 等b.及物动词+副词：bring about, carry out, find out, make out, put away, put off, take up, turn down, turn out, wipe out 等c. 动词+副词+介词：do away with, face up to, give into ,look down upon, make up with等d. 动词+名词+介词：catch sight of, keep on eye on, make a fool of , pay attention to , put an end to , set fire/light to , take notice of 等4 带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时,一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语保留在谓语后面;We always keep the classroom clean.比较：The classroom is always kept clean.5主动形式表示被动意义的词;常见的有：a.主动形式,这时动名词同句中的主语有动宾关系;The children need looking after.The windows wants /requires repairing.This point deserves mentioning.练习题1. It is a fine day. The sun __________shine brightly.2. They ___________visit the Science Museum next Sunday.3. Mr Brown________live in Beijing since he came to China.4. Mr Wang ________teach us English two years ago.5. The Smiths _______________ watch TV at this time last night.6. We __________learn about ten English songs by the end of last term.7. Father said that he ____________buy a new bike for me the next Friday.8. Bill isn¡¯t here. He ___________chat with his friends in the classroom.9. The teacher said that the moon __________go round the earth.10. The Young Pioneers will go to the zoo if it ____________not rain this Sunday.11. Listen They __________talk about the new film.12. Jim asked us what ___________happen in China in 1976.13. My mobile phone ___________steal on a bus last week.14. The host ____________interview the little boy just now.15. The Greens __________watch TV now.16. He said that he _____________ring me up when he got there.17. We ____________learn English for about three years.18. My brother_____________join the League in 1997.19. The farmers __________pick apples when I saw them.20. The red skirt __________cost the girl forty yuan.21. The film ____________begin when I got to the cinema.22. The girl told me that she wanted to be an English teacher when she _____grow up.23. My sister is a student and she _____________study at a middle school nearby.24. Mr Green __________travel to several places in South China since he came here.25. You _________catch the early bus if you get up early.26. _______you been________wear glasses all the time27. I’ll go home as soon as I _______finish my homework.29. Most science books are ______write in English.30. I ____________stay there for two months last year.31. Tell Lily to call me as soon as she _______.A. will arriveB. gets thereC. has goneD. reach here32. ----Hi, Kate. You look tired. What’s the matter ----I ______ well last night.A. didn’t sleepB. don’t sleepC. haven’t sleptD. won’t sleep33. ----Excuse me, look at the sign over there, please. Could you stop smoking----Sorry, I ____ that.A. didn’t seeB. don’t seeC. won’t seeD. can’t see34. ----Well, I found this. I think it must be yours. ----My watch Thank you. Where _____itA. do you findB. had you foundC. were you findingD. did you find35. ----Don you know when Dr White ____ for dinner this evening----No, but I think he ____ when he is free.A. will come; comesB. will come; will comeC. comes; comesD. comes; will come36. Look at those black clouds. It _____ rain. Let’s hurry. A. maybe B. would C. has D. is going to37. ----Jimmy is leaving for a holiday. ----Really Where ____ he ____A. has; goneB. will; goC. did; goD. does; go38. ----Shall we go shopping now ---Sorry, I can't. I ____ my shirts.A. washB. washesC. washedD. am washing39. ----I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.----Oh, I am sorry. I ___ dinner at my friend's home.A. haveB. hadC. was havingD. have had40. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower ____ thousands of visitors since 1995.A. attractedB. attractsC. has attractedD. will attract46. ----Why didn't you go to the cinema yesterday -----Because I ____ the film before.A. had seenB. have seenC. have watchedD. has watched47. I don't think John saw me. He ____ a book at that moment.A. just readB. has just readC. was just readingD. had just read48. Mr Smith ____ a book about China last year but I don't know whether he has finished it.A. has writtenB. wroteC. had writtenD. was writing49. Mr White ____ the newspaper while his daughter ____TV.A. has read; was watchingB. was reading; watchedC. was reading; was watchingD. reading; watched50. ---- I ____ you at the meeting. Why ----I was ill. A. saw B. have seen C. not see D. didn't see51. The 29th Olympic Games ____ in Beijing in 2008. A. hold B. will hold C. will be held D. held52. Hurry up The play ____ for ten minutes. A. has been on B. has begun C. had begun D. began53. ----May I speak to Mr Smith ----Sorry, he ____ Australia. But he ____ in two days.A. has been to; will come backB. has gone to; will be backC. has been in; would come backD. is leaving for; doesn't come back54. I can't go to the theater tonight because I ____ my ticket.A. have lostB. had lostC. will loseD. was losing55. ----What a nice bike How long ____ you ____ it ----Just two weeks.A. have; boughtB. did; buyC. have; hadD. are; having56. ----I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. ----Oh, not at all. I ____ here only for a few minutes.A. have comeB. had beenC. wasD. have been57. ----____ my dictionary anywhere ---- Yes. I saw it on your desk a moment ago.A. Did you seeB. If you seeC. Had you seenD. Would you see58. We were all surprised when he mad it clear that he ____ office soon.A. leavesB. would leaveC. will leaveD. had left答案：I. 1. shines/ is shining 2. are going to/ will visit 3. has lived 4. taught5. were watching6. had learned7. would buy8. is chatting9. goes 10.doesn't rain 11. are talking 12. happened 13. was stolen 14. interviewed15. are watching16. would ring 17. have learned 18. joined 19. were picking 20. cost21. had begun 22. grew 23. studies 24. has traveled 25. will catch26. Have; wearing 27. finish 28. haven't heard 29. written 30. stayedII. 31--35 BAADB 36--40 DBDCC 41--45 ACBAC 46--50 ACDCD51--55 CABAC 56--60 DABDA 61--65 BDBAB 66-70 BDABC 71--75 BCADD。

初中英语语法:八种时态详解与练习一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。

二．种类：（基本时态）一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时一般现在时一、概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

二、常搭配的时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week,on Sundays, etc.三、基本结构①be动词（is,am,are）；②行为动词(主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词要加s或es外) 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

例句：I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。

Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。

I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

四、基本用法：1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。

在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。

初中英语八大时态全套精讲及练习题.1 一般现在时的用法1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

时间状语： every…, sometimes,ofen,always,usually, twice a week, at…, on SundayI leave home for school at 7 every morning. He watches Tv once a week .2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I don't want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。

再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

二. 构成及变化1、be动词的变化肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。

如： I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。

如：He is not a worker. 他不是工人。

初中英语语法八大时态一．一般现在时1.结构肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not例句：He often goes swimming in summer.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.2.用法1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。

常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。

例如: He often goes swimming in summer.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。

例如：All my family love football .My sister is always ready to help others .Ann writes good English but does not speak well.3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。

例如：The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。