自考00015英语(二)练习题 02

自考英语(二)试题课程代码00015全国2001年10月全部题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外），并将答案写在答题纸的相应位置上，否则不计分。

PART ONEⅠ.Vocabulary and structure(10 points,1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答案写在答题纸上。

1.Should she come tomorrow,I ______ take her to the museum.［A］can ［B］will ［C］would ［D］must2.Mary of us visited the industrial exhibition,______,to our disappointment,we saw very few high- tech(高技术) products.［A］where ［B］which ［C］as ［D］that3.These networks are on the ______ for warning signs that show the weakening of rock layers that can precede an earthquake.［A］eagerness ［B］alarm ［C］alert ［D］guard4.His name will be crossed out from the list ______ he makes the same mistakes again.［A］if ［B］unless ［C］because ［D］though5.With the soaring of prices,a number of young college graduates cannot earn their living,______ supporting their parents.［A］not to say ［B］to say nothing of［C］not saying ［D］saying nothing of6.______ it was raining,many international tourists were having picnics in the woods.［A］In spite ［B］In spite of［C］In spite of that ［D］In spite of the fact that7.The students would not have made so much progress under less ______ conditions.［A］popular ［B］welcome ［C］favourable ［D］prosperous8.Lots of empty beer bottles were found under the young man's bed;he ______ heavily.［A］must have drunk ［B］must drink［C］should drink ［D］had to drink9.On the other hand concern is also growing about the possibility of a new economic order ______ resource-rich nations of the Third World would combine to set high commodity prices.［A］which ［B］what ［C］that ［D］in that10.______ home,she found that she had left the key at the office.［A］To have arrived ［B］To arrive［C］While arriving ［D］ArrivingⅡ.Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

2020 年 10 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）（课程代码 00015）第一部分: 阅读判断（第 1~10 题, , 每题 1 分,共 10 分）下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子, ,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断: :如果该句提供的是正确信息, , 选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息, 选择 B；如果该句信息文中没有提及, 选择 C 。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Booking Online and Saving the EnvironmentWhen you are looking to book aholiday, it is unlikely that you will think about how green your booking decision is, but it is something that you should think about. By green" we mean the impact on the environment.When looking to book a holiday, you will probably find that you are faced with two main decisions. The first is to go into atravel agency, pick up brochures (宣传册), read through them and go back with just one and book with the travel agents directly or over the phone. The second is to go onto the Internet.The Internet holds many advantages over the travel agencies. The main one is convenience. You can go online to lookat holidays at any timeof the day. The travel agents,however, areusually very busy at times when peoplecan actually go, i.e. lunch hours or at the weekend.You could use the telephone, but you wouldn't be able tosee the pictures or the details of the holidays, So you would probably be sent a brochure anyway.There are websites on the Internet that make shopping forholiday deals much easier. These websites are known as price comparison websites. They search through lotsof different tour operators, and the results are displayed on one page, from which you can choose.Compared with the travel agencies, bookingonline is greener. The piles of brochures are definitely not green, and the amount of unnecessary paper used can't be good for the environment. In the days ofthe Internet, there is really no need for such a large amountof paper to be wasted. So booking online will not only save you time and effort, it willdo a little bit towards saving the environment, too!1. When planning holidays, few people will think about being green.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given2. There are two main choices when people look to book their holidays.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given3. People go to travel agencies and make their decisions directly.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given4. The main advantage of booking online is saving money.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given5. Many people go to travel agencies at lunchtime.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given6. Booking holidays by telephone requires less communicative skills.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given7. There are limited choices at pricecomparison websites.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given8. Travel agencies make the best use of price comparison websites.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given9. Travelers collect brochures as a hobby.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given10. Booking online is a way to save the environment.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given第二部分: 阅读选择（第 5 11~15 题, 每题 2 分, ,共 10 分）阅读下面短文, , 请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项（A 、B 、C 、D ）中选出 1 个最佳选项, , 并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

大学英语自学考试教程下册0015自考英语二课后习题答案 unit1Unit 1(英语二)Text AExercises for the TextI.1.d 2.c 3.c 4.a 5.dII.1.alternative 2.fundamental 3.accompany4.implement5.preccedent6.attain7.objectives 8.vary 9.multiple10.isolateIII.1.c 2.d 3.i 4.j 5.g 6.e 7.h 8.a 9.f 10.bIV.our ; helped ; form ; front; to; passed; it; same;V.1.Decision makers should be able to make the best guess at the future.2.Some people think that everything managers do involves decision making.(or Some people think that everything managers do has something to do with decision making.)3.If there are no correct alternatives ,there are no correct decisions to be made.4.Since different people have different ideas about the same problem ,so the approaches to it vary from person to person.5.Decision makers usually hold the key to the business development of the company.Vocabulary ExercisesI.1.a.be organized anizational anization2.a.simple b.simplified c.simply d.simplification3.a.profit b.profitable c.profitability4.a.intention b.intended c.unintendedII.1.preccdent2.skilled3.achievement4.implement5.optimal6.goal7.accomplish 8.accompanies 9.tendency10.ongoingIII.1.His friend accompanied him to a concert.2.He has argued her out of her decision.3.he owed his success in part to luck.4.According to his suggestion ,the formalities have been much simplified.5.The broadcasting station predicts that it will turn cold tomorrow.6.Motion is defined as a change in position or place.Text BExercises for the TextI.1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.F 10.TII.1.preparation; confidence2.idea3.unattractive indifference4.hardworking; personality; interest5.speechless6.holidays; pay7.clean; neat; conservative8.the floor beside your chair9.politely; naturally10."I beg your pardon?" or "Could you please repeat it?" etc. Vocabulary ExercisesI.1.at a disadvantage2.conservative3.indifference4.make sure5.vague6.clutched7.turned down 8.to your advantage 9.neat10.prospects 11.take the trouble to 12.place Grammar ExercisesI.1.连词；让步状语从句。

英语(二)自学教程标准预测试卷·考纲精练(二)第一部分:阅读判断A Dog's DilemmaFinding a babysitter while you go out to work is， for example，an InconvenIence . For theAfrican wild dog， one of the continent's most endangered carnivores， it's a matter of life and death.New research shows that once packs fall below a certain size， there are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.The Mrican wild dog has dec.lined drastically over the past century. Habitual loss,persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed. Only 3，000. to 5，000 animals remain， and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena face similar pressures，yet are not declining. Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why. The dog's weakness lies in its social organisation.Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups， only the dominant male and守female breed.There maining animals help raise the pups， cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carmvores.Because pups can't keep up on a hunt， large packs leave an adult behind to protect them frompredators， which include lions and hyenas. But leaving ababysitter also carries costs. A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill. There is also oneless stomach in which to carry food back to the den， and one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off by modelling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size. This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter. But with smaller packs， either the hunting or the babysitting suffers， or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of huntingexcursions 一which itself carries acost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model. Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did. There was also evidence that when they qid leave a babysitter，they were forced to hunt more often..A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in avicious circle， says Courchamp， who is now at Paris-Sud University. "Poor reproduction and low survival further reduces pack size，culminating in failure of the whole pack. " And deaths caused by humanactivity， says courchamp '， may be what reduces pack numbers to below the sustainable threshold.Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at london’s Institu te of Zoology agrees. Maintaining the iintegrity r of wild dog packs will be vital in preserving the species,he says.1. The African wild dog has been endangered.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given2. The spotted hyena is on the verge of extinction.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given3. The dog's weakness lies in its social organisation.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given4. The remaining lions will die out within decades.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given5. The dominant female is always left behind to protect the young.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given6. A smaller hunting party is also able to tackle large prey and do defend the kill.A. TrueB.False C. Not Given7. There is a tension between babysitting and hunting.A. TrueB.False C. Not Given8. The size of a pack must be big enough for it to survive.A. TrueB.False C. Not Given9. It is vital to maintain the integrity of wild dog packs.A. TrueB.False C. Not Given10. Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.A. TrueB.False C. Not Given第二部分:阅读选择The Secret Cost of Using FacebookPeople are being lured(引诱) onto Facebook with the promise of a fun， free service， without realizing they're paying for it by givingup loads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make moneyby selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.Most Facebook users don't realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to， they still have no idea what they'repaying for Facebook， because people don't really know what their personal data is worth.The biggest problem， however， is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on， you could keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook一-you could create your own little private network. Last year， the company changed its privacy rules so that many things-your city， your photo， your friends' names-were set， by default(默认)， to be shared with everyone on the Internet.。

英语2（主编：刘振前张秀丽）第一单元II. 1.She must be more reasonable, but by the same token you must try to understand her.2.Most people contributed something towards the new church buildings.3.She stayed in her room to avoid confrontation with others.4.The way she ordered me really annoyed me.5.The local people were very kind and hospitable.6.A mother will sacrifice her life for her children.7.Enen if Mandy protests that she is not drunk, don’t let her drive.8.He didn’t even offer to help.9.It’s best to cook vegetables with a small amount of water.10. She seldom appears other than happy.III.Translate the following sentences into Chinese1、就如澳大利亚在全国推广学亚洲语言一样，中国也掀起一股外语热，在这股热潮中英语高居榜首。

Like the national push for Asian literacy in Australia, there has been foreign languages fervor in china, with English on top of the list.2、英语真的有这么难，需要人们投入大量的时间和精力才能掌握吗？Is English such a difficult language that it really demands people to invest a large amount of time and energy before it is mastered?3、从我个人的经验来看，英语学习不仅仅是指学习英语发音和语法规则等。

全国2016年10月高等教育自学考试英语（二）试题和答案课程代码：00015第一部分：阅读判断（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案涂黑。

Being "Cool" in Middle SchoolA new study shows that gentle and quiet kids in middle school will grow up to rule. Or, at least, they'll live healthier and more productive lives than the "cool" kids will.The study looked at 13-year-olds who acted old for their age by having "cool" behavior, such as early romantic relationships. They were seen as "cool" and popular kids. But as they grew up, things changed. The study found that these kids tended to have problems with drugs and relationships by their early 20s.Their behavior was no longer linked with popularity. Instead, they were thought to be less socially skilled by their peers. Besides, the average "cool" kids, by age 22, did more poorly than the average kids in the study. They had a 45 percent greater rate of problems due to drugs and alcohol. They also had a 22 percent greater rate of criminal behavior. The study also found that these kids failed to develop important life skills. They spent so much time trying to seem cool. They didn't develop the skills needed for meaningful friendships.The study followed 86 male and 98 female middle school students for a 10-year period. It has some surprising findings. In particular, the study notes that the so-called "cool" behavior is a predictor （预示）of future problems with drugs and alcohol. In fact, it is a better predictor than drug and alcohol use in middle school. However, one conclusion of the study is welcome. Researchers said that parents shouldn't worry too much if their kids don't seem that popular. If a kid prefers to spend Saturday nights at home watching a movie or reading instead of going out with friends, that is not a cause for concern. Many "uncool" kids, they said, do much better later on than the popular kids do.1.Gentle kids are less healthy when they grow up.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given2."Cool" kids try to imitate adult behavior.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given3.Romantic relationships seem cool to some teenagers.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given4."Uncool" kids are more likely to commit crimes.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given5."Cool" kids have better life skills than "uncool" kids.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given6."Uncool" kids spend most of their time studying.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given7.The study followed the students for a decade.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given8."Cool" kids marry earlier than "uncool" kids.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given9.Parents needn't worry if their kids are "uncool".A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given10."Cool" kids remain popular all their lives.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given第二部分：阅读选择（第11〜15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

2012年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二) 试题课程代码：00015一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题1份，共10分）I. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point each)1. Skillful farming A them to support a large population.A. enabledB. forcedC. authorizedD. required2. The findings of the survey went contrary D what was expected.A. inB. onC. forD. to3. James refused to be B about his future plans.A. distinctB. specificC. relevantD. individual4. Young A he was, he was equal to the task.A. asB. ifC. althoughD. unless5. You should read this novel. It is B recommended by all critics.A. fairlyB. highlyC. mainlyD. strictly6. It's a great place to live in, except for the increasing volume of B that passes under mywindow every day.A. activityB. trafficC. movementD. circulation7. He should C to what he's good at, and not try and do something heknows nothing about.A. lookB. leadC. stickD. point8. We take this oppommity to express our sincere D of your help.A. explanationB. obligationC. demonstrationD. appreciation9. I don't know ifthe story is tree, but I'll try to C it.A. modifyB. simplifyC. verifyD. specify10. The old man spoke A length about his experiences in Africa.A. atB. inC. fromD. toII. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point each)Scientists are learning more and more about the link between your mind and your health. Stress and depression have been shown to give rise to illness and disease. 11 , if you feel good about yourself and have a 12 attitude, and maintain an active involvement in life, you're more likely to be happy – and 13 .Many things 14 your emotional state. But at the heart of it is how you regard yourself. If you have a healthy level of self-esteem, you not only cope with life's challenges better than people 15 low self-esteem, but you're probably more content, 16 , and successful. You're probably also healthier.Most people's sense of worth is deeply rooted in their childhood - in the early approval or disapproval of parents and friends. 17 , as we get older, most of us judge ourselves 18 our sense of how effectively we're managing in the world, especially in the areas of love and work. Our 19 to love and be loved can give our lives a sense of purpose. We can also find 20 in work-related accomplishments, and the people we meet and work with can reinforce our sense of self and our role in life.（B）11. A. In addition B. In contrast C. In reality D. In general（A）12. A. positive B. common C. critical D. personal（D）13. A. respectable B. energetic C. lovely D. healthy（C）14. A. explain B. maintain C. influence D. simulate（B）15. A. at B. with C. for D. upon（A）16. A. confident B. dependent C. sensitive D. emotional（D）17. A. Therefore B. Likewise C. Instead D. However（B）18. A. on B. by C. of D. in（A）19. A. ability B. dream C. goal D. intention（C）20. A. proof B. interest C. pride D. trothIII, Reading Comprehension (:30 points, 2 points each)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.If you start each day desperately wishing for an extra hour in bed, the following is likely to leave you feeling even more bad-tempered. Scientists have identified a "sleepless elite"- a small group of people for whom staying in bed longer is a waste of time.Rather than being tired and bad-tempered losers, they are an energetic, outgoing and optimistic group who can happily and healthily get by on just four or five hours of sleep a night. And, they tend to be slim, able to hold down two jobs at the same time, and handle their extra-long days easily without needing coffee or catnaps (小睡).Working out how the gene (基因) cuts sleep without any obvious impact on health could help in the design of drags that give us all a few extra hours in our day. The bad news is that while many of us get by on a few hours' sleep a night, just one to three people in 100 qualify to be part of the sleepless elite.The research team is now calling for members of the lucky group to come forward to allow their DNA to be studied. Harvard University researcher Dr. Christopher Jones said: "My long-term goal is to learn enough someday so we can control the sleep mechanism without damaging our health. Everybody can use more waking hours, even if you just watch movies."Many of those who have already volunteered share fascinating characteristics. They are cheerful, thinner than average, and seem to have a high tolerance for physical pain and psychological setbacks.Dr. Christopher Jones told the New York Times: "Typically, at the end of along phone interview, they will admit they have been sending short text message sand surfing the Internet and doing word games at the same time, all on less than six hours of sleep."21. According to the passage, the sleepless elite（C）A. perform less well than othersB. regard sleep as a waste of timeC. are energetic despite less sleepD. are likely to make others angry22. Researchers study the sleepless elite to（B）A. develop the mechanism of sleepB. invent a healthy way to cut sleepC. find the impact of sleep on healthD. design drags for sleepless people23. The phrase "come forward" (para. 4) is closest in meaning to（D）A. decideB. donateC. contributeD. volunteer24. According to Dr. Jones, it is typical of the sleepless elite to（C）A. sleep at least six hours a nightB. watch more movies than othersC. do more than one thing at a timeD. do word games better than others25. The passage is mainly about（D）A. a disease which is related to genesB. a new drag that cures sleeplessnessC. recent studies on sleepless patientsD. people who do well with less sleepPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.There are a couple of things to know about the use of humor in a speech. One thing is to distinguish healthy and unhealthy humor. Unhealthy humor usually has a victim. It is based on differences. Healthy humor is taken from our everyday experiences and is based on the things people have in common. Therefore it unites them.Another thing is that when sharing humor with the audience a speaker has to take into account what part of the day it is. The "morning" audience can be tough, because everyone is just getting into work; the "lunch" audience is better, but the best time for sharing humor is dinner-time, because people relax after their working day and are more likely to feel the speaker.There are certain rules that are strongly advised to be followed. The primary rule is not to offend anybody by a joke. The jokes are not supposed to relate to the audience but to the speaker himself. When a speaker shares his personal stories he will be better accepted by the audience. He can kid about his fame, problems,image, etc. However, he does not have to belittle himself or sacrifice his reputation for a laugh. Besides, the jokes and humorous stories that are used by the speaker have to relate directly to the topic of his speech. The speaker is supposed to speak clearly and keep from laughing at his own story or joke while telling it, so that he can make it clear and to the point. Finally, once a joke is said it may not be repeated once more. So the speaker must not repeat a joke that fails or one that works.And, remember these tips always work: personal jokes, short remarks that go well with the speech, good choice of vivid words and appropriate body gestures.26. Healthy humor differs from unhealthy humor in that it is BA. intended to enrich one's experiencesB. linked to the things that people shareC. used most frequently to unite victimsD. based mostly on the differences in life27. The writer thinks that a joke works best with an audience who is AA. relaxedB. toughC. hungryD. busy28. To connect closely with the audience, the speaker is advised to BA. repeat a good jokeB. joke about himselfC. laugh at his storiesD. improve his image29. According to paragraph 3, a joke should support DA. the nature of an issueB. the fame of a speakerC. the taste of an audienceD. the subject of a speech30. One of the tips the writer gives for a successful speech is CA. dramatic gesturesB. proper eye contactC. vivid expressionsD. good time controlPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Are passwords ont-of-date? It is starting to seem like it. Everybody hates them. These days a typical Intemet user has dozens of online accounts. If you really want to be safe, you need to generate a different password for each one, and each password needs to be extremely complicated, with a mix of letters, symbols, and numbers. Who can keep all that stuff in their head?Most people do not bother. Some just create one password and use it everywhere. Othersmight have a few passwords - one for all their banking and financial stuff, one for their social networks, one for email accounts. Problem is that if one site gets hacked, the bad guys now have the password you use elsewhere. These attacks are happening so frequently these days that you might as well assume there is no way to keep a password secret.Computer scientists realize the system is broken, and they are looking for alternatives. But most attempts have not been very good. Fingerprint readers require special hardware, and many people find them scary and don't want to use them. Smart cards can be lost or stolen. Scientists have tried all sorts of other approaches, but they end up back with passwords. They are the least worst in a series of bad choices.Markus Jakobsson, a researcher in computer science, has produced something he calls "fastwords." Instead of inventing a password, you join three simple words that come from a thought known only to you. If one day you were driving to work and ran over a frog that ended up flat, you might choose "frog work flat." You can enter the three words in any order, and the system still knows that you are you. If your mind goes totally blank, the fastwords system will tell you one of the three words, which should enable you to remember the original thought and thus the three keywords.The fastwords system represents a step in the right direction, but it is not the promised land. Someone, somehow, needs to come up with something radically different- and radically better - than what we have today.31. Today people find passwords CA. difficult to createB. easy to figure outC. hard to rememberD. apt to be replaced32. We learn from paragraph 2 that many people use passwords AA. without due cautionB. in a rational mannerC. with frequent changesD. in simple combinations33. Compared with passwords, other alternatives are even more CA. complexB. confusingC. troublesomeD. expensive34. One unique advantage of fastwords is that they can be used DA. with greater speedB. with more certaintyC. with greater securityD. with more flexibility35. The writer seems to think that fastwords AA. offer a hopefu'l inspirationB. are as simple as passwordsC. offer a decisive resolutionD. are as safe as passwordsIV. Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two words)36. 不同的 a. various 37. 肌肉n. m udcle38. 传统n. t radition39. 幸运的ad. f ortunately40. 影响vt. a ffect 41. 边缘n. e dge42. 怀疑的 a. d oubtful 43. 减少vt. r educe44. 集合vt. a ssemble 45. 逐步的 a. g radual46. 可行的 a. f easible.. 47. 污染n. p ollution48. 方便的 a. c onvenient 49. 拉长v. s tretch50. 维生素n. v itamin 51. 经受vt. w ithstand52. 五十num. f inance 53. 财政n. f inance54. 发源vi. o riginate 55. 两倍ad. t wiceV. Word Form (10 points, 1 point each)56. A war can endanger (danger) millions of lives.57. We should know our strength as well as our weakness(weak).58. Due to circumstances beyond our control, the fulfillment(fulfill) of the contract will bedelayed by several weeks.59. Organizing some challenging outdoor activities can help your employees sharpen (sharp)their abilities.60. My teacher gave me a letter of reference(refer) when I applied for the job.61. She made a favorable impression(impress) on me when I first met her.62. They viewed these plans as an attempt to take a proritable (profit) market from Britain.63. There are many sales in the U.S., during which time stores will lower (low) theirnormal prices.64. He respectfully(respect) moved his hat when he entered the building.65. There are no tickets left for this evening's _performance (perform).VI. Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points each)66. 这所学校向学生免费提供课本。

00015自考英语(二)教材课后练习题完整版（含答案）Unit 1 The Power of Language Text A Critical Reading ExercisesI Checking Your Comprehension1.Reading non-fiction writing critically involves_______. A.supporting the author’s opinion B.developing your own opinions C.understanding what is written D.reading without any imagination2.Before accepting what is written in an article,you should be surethat______. A.enough support for the assertions has been given B.your values and attitudes have been reflected in it C.it has been checked form an authoritative source D.you have found the differences in the writing styles3.If there are some inconsistent points in the article,you should______.A.insist on your own opinion an confirm itB.avoid mentioning the inconsistenciesC.emphasize the work of authoritiesD.examine the author’s supportive statements4.Einstein is a relevant source when the article is about______.A.physical breakthroughsB.the subject of poetryC.studies in current physicsD.credible writing sources5.The author what is written clearly A.remember what is written clearlyB.eliminate your own discriminationC.have much more knowledgeD.spend more time in reading II.Building Your Vocabulary Section ADirections:Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets.1.These results are______with the findings of the previousstudy.(consistent,consistency)2.We were not surprised by their______that the train services would be reduced.(state,statement)3.The statistics______a change in people’s spending habits.(reflect,reflection)4.I’m afraid your driving license is______in Eastern Europe.(valid,invalid)5.Twenty-five dollars was______more than be ha expected topay.(considerable,considerably) 6.Direct______between the two languages is not possible.(compare,comparison) Section BDirections:Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary. assumption critical represent credible landmark evaluate identify appropriate1.In my opinion,there was no______evidence against him.2.Evan the smallest baby can______its mother by her voice.3.People tend to make______about you based on your appearance.4.This new report______the current situation in our schools.5.The performance of each employee is______once a year.6.We need to ensure that the teaching they receive is______to their needs. Section CDirections:Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.1.That bit of the form is for UK citizens--it doesn’t apply______you.2.Arguments were put______for changing some of the rules of the game.3.When judgin g his performance,don’t take his age______account.4.He’s universally recognized as an authority______Russian affairs.5.Just compare the one that has been cleaned______the others.cation should be relevant______the child’s needs. III.Bridging the GapDirections:Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage.You may choose a suitable one from the list given.powerful define action tears express shape internally respond to personal goodLanguage is one of the things that sets us apart as beings,one of the things that essentially ______us as humans.When language is used well it can elicit very deep feeling in others,motivate others to _______and define the nature of our relationship.Sometimes in poetry the juxtaposition(并列)of two words or a certain phrase can bring______to the eyes,call up a whole host of imagery and move us deeply.We have seen language recently used in the politics of persuasion,used for______or ill--depending on your viewpoint.When we use language to_______our true feelings to someone it can open and deepen the connection between nguage is a very______tool.How we use language shapes our world both______and externally.How you use self-talk--what you say to yourself about yourself an about the world directly______your experience of both yourself and the world.How you deliver communication shapes the way the world______you.We can use language more effectively in both spheres:internaland directly influence the health an power of our______relationships and our business relationships. IV.Translation Section ADirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words or phrases in the brackets.1.Urban planners in practice haveto_______________________________________________(考虑到不同社会群体的利益).(take...into account)2._________________________________________(把近期工作与先前的工作相比较)and you Will see how much you have improved.(compare...with...)3.What the witness said incourt___________________________________________(与他对警察的陈述不一致).（be consistent with）4.What he said_________________________________________(与正在处理的事件无关).(be relevant to)5.________________________________________(你的情况有任何改变，请告知我们)whenyou are away from home.(inform...of...) Section BDirections:Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.To become a flexible reader,you need to know how to select and use a reading style that is consistent with your purpose for reading.Knowing when and how to use different reading styles will make you a flexible reader.Study reading is the reading style used by flexible readers when their purpose is to read difficult material at a high level of comprehension.When using the study reading style,you should read at rate that is slower than your normal reading rate.Furthermore,as you read you must challenge yourself to understand the material.Study reading will often require you to read you to read material more than once to achieve a high level of comprehension.Sometimes,reading the material aloud will also help you improve your comprehension.anizing Your IdeasDirections:Put the following sentences in the proper order so that they make a complete paragraph.1.For instance,the word”kick”can mean many different things depending on how it is used in a phrase.2.Learning how phrases come together in English will come with continued submersion in the language.3.On the other hand,you could say,”I get a kick out of that TV show.”4.This means that you enjoy the TV show,and has nothing to do withstriking something with a foot.5.As you learn the language,focus not only on the words an their meanings,but also on the way the words come together to make phrases.6.When you say,”He kicked the ball,”you are using the word a s a verbthat means to strike the ball with the foot.VI.Reflecting on the TextSome people argue that the purpose of reading is to seek information and gain knowledge by memorizing the statements within a text. It is not necessary to develop the ability to read critically,since this ability is assumed to be present only in scholars and to be learned in academic institutions.Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?Give reasons and examples to support yourself.Text BThe Language of Confidence ExercisesI.Checking Your Comprehension Section ADirections:Read the following statements and mark Y (for Yes)if the statement agrees with the information given in the text;N(for No)if the statement contradicts the information given in the text;NG(for Not Given)if the information is not given in the text.( )ing our language in the best way is significant for the improvement of our life. ( )2.We can knowingly make our command carried out without using a word.( )3.If we use the word try,we may not make efforts to achieve the things that we want to do.( )4.We can improve our life by saying the word try in our daily life. ( )5.We can use a word that makes us feel great to help us feel powerful.( )6.Though some words may seem small,they can help us do everything we want. Section BDirections:Complete the following sentences with the information given in the text. 1.______helps us be in control of our lives and destinies. 2.Any words can h ave a dramatic influence on______. 3.When we say”I will do...”,we will get a sense of______. ing words like”I choose...”can help usregain______. 5.Mastering our language helps us get the power to______. 6.We can write______next to a list of words we usually use. II.Building Your Vocabulary Section ADirections:Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets.1.I can say with______that all our targets have now beenmet.(confident,confidence) 2.Like so many______people he was neversatisfied.(creative,creativity)3.A move towards healthy eating could help______heartdisease.(eliminate,elimination) 4.You life changes______when you have a baby.(dramatic,dramatically)5.The annual strategic dialogue between China an America is very______for the relationship between the two countries.(significant,insignificant)6.Having so little money to spend on an apartment does______you in your choice.(limit,limitation) Section BDirections:Fill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form where necessary. command quality infinite commonly matter internal please impact1.The children______more to her than anything else in the world.2.Lung cancer is the most______found cancer in men.3.It______her mother that she chose a college close to home.4.The city offers a/an ______variety of things to do.5.He hated being in the army because he had to obey______.6.The ______of the picture on our television isn’t very good. Section CDirections:Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.1.Police say that they believe the attacks were carried______by nationalists.2.It’s______to all of us to try to solve the problems in our neighbourhoods.3.The anti-smoking campaign had made quite an impact______young people.4.I’ve been asked to limit my speech______ten minutes maximum.5.Dr Marion is the person______control of all medical decisions in the hospital6.He struggled for mastery______his emotions but failed.III.Translation Sections ADirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words or phrases in thebrackets.1.They expect the meeting to__________________________________________(对国家的未来产生的显著的影响).(have an impact on)2.I kno w you don’t think that this project isimportant,__________________________________（但这对我很重要）.(matter)3.There were some violence after thematch,________________________________________(但是没过多久警方主控制住了局势).(in control of)4.I’m afraid____________________________________________(除了让你走，我别无选择).(no alternative but)5.__________________________________________________(经理会作最终决定)！（be up to） Section BDirections:Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.English plays an important role in the workplace and when used in the correct and appropriate manner,it can help boost a career or a business.Some may need or want to study business English before they start theircareers.Those who are already working have the opportunity to see what they can and cannot do effectively in English in their current job.A valuable skill to have in business is how to negotiate.You need to know what you want,as well as how to bargain an make concessions.Being able to deal with a conflict and knowing how to end negotiations can make a big difference to the outcome.Workplace English learning will encourage professional and efficient communication,which translates as good service to customers an business partners or suppliers,which can only be a positive for any business.IV.Writing Section ADirections:The following sentences are grammatically incorrect or incoherent.Improve them. Example:The captain,as well as the other players,was tired. Revision:The captain,as well as the other players,was tired. 1.When dipped in mustard,Sam said the sausage was excellent. 2.A Frenchman murdered two wives he didn’t like their cooking. 3.Annie’s dress was old,faded,an it had wrinkles.4.The need for jobs will make us develop our industries.It causes environmental problems.5.My new running shoes fell apart during the marathon which cost more thana hundred dollars. Section BDirections:Read the following paragraph carefully.Cross out two sentences that do not help to develop the controlling idea.Philip Randolph,the great African-American champion of Iabour and civil rights,led confrontations with three very popular presidents.Mr.Randolph called for a march on Washington by thousands of African-Americans on July1,1941,if President Roosevelt would not take action to end discrimination in defense industries during World War II.Mr.Randolph was born in Florida.After much delay,the president met with Randolph,and one week later opened many defense jobs to black workers,A few years later,in 1948,Mr.Randolph threatened mass civil disobedience of president Truman did not end segregation against African-Americans in the military.On July 26,Truman approved the order that integrated the armed services.The last confrontation was with JohnF,Kennedy,who sought to stop the 1963 civil rights march on感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

00015⾃考英语（⼆）考纲精练试卷（⼆）及答案英语(⼆)⾃学教程标准预测试卷·考纲精练(⼆)第⼀部分:阅读判断A Dog's DilemmaFindi ng a ba by s itter w hile y ou go o ut t o w o rk i s，fo r example，an Incon v enI e n ce . Fo r the African w i ld dog，o ne of t h e c ont i nent's m o st e ndan g ere d c arni v ore s，it's a matter of lif e a nd de ath. N ew res earch sho ws th at o nce pa c ks fall below a c erta i n si z e，th e re are not enough animal s to bothhu nt food and st a y at hom e protecting the y oung.The Mrica n w ild dog h as dec.l ined drasticall y over the past c entury. Habitual loss,per s e c ut i on a nd une xp la i ne d o u tb re ak s o f di se ase h a v e all been blamed. Onl y 3，000. to 5，000 anim a l s re main，a nd th e s pe cies is expec t ed to g o ext in c t wi thin de c ad es if t he tr e n d c ontinu es.Oth er larg e c arniv o res such a s th e s pott e d h yena face s imilar p r ess ur e s，ye t a re n ot declin i ng. N o w Fr an c k Co urc ham p o f Ca m b ri dg e U ni v er s it y ha s fou nd a re a s o n why.The dog's w eakne ss lies i n it s s o c ial o r gani sa t i o n. W i t hin e a c h p ack of up to 20 adults and pups，o nly the dominant male and守f e mal e breed.Th ere mai n in g anim a l s help r ai se the pu ps，c oo pe ra t in g to hunt prey and defend the kill from o th e rc arm v o r e s.Becau se pup s can't ke e p up on a hunt，la r g e pa c k s le a ve an adult behind to protec t them from predators，which include lions and hyenas. But l ea v ing a b ab y sitter also carrie s cost s. A smaller hunting party i s less able to tackle la r ge prey a n d to defend the kill. There is also onele s s s toma c h in whi c h to ca rry food back to the den，and one more mouth to feed when the y get there.Courchamp in v e s ti ga t e d thi s awkward trade-off by modelling how the c o s ts of a ba bys itt erc h a n ge with decreasing pack s i ze. T hi s s howed that pac k s of more than fi ve adult s should be abl e to fe ed all t he pups and st ill spare a b a b ys i tt e r. Bu t wi th s m a ll e r pa c k s，e ith e r the huntin g or th e bab y sitting suffer s，or the animals have to compensate by in c r e a s in g t h e num ber of hunti ngexcursions ⼀whi c h it s elf carries a cost to the pack.Fi e ld ob s ervations in Zimbabw e supported the mode l. Pa cks o f fi ve ani m als or f ewer l eft p u ps unguarded more frequently than larger packs d i d. There w a s a l s o ev id ence th at w h e n t h ey qi d l eave a babysitter，they were forced to hunt m o re o ft e n..A pack which drops below a crit i cal s iz e be c om es c au g ht in a viciou s c ir cle，s a ys Cour c hamp，w h o is now at Paris-Sud University. "Po o r re pr od uc t i o n a nd low s u rv i va l f urth e r r e duc es pa c k s iz e，c u lminating in fai l ure of the whole pack. " A nd d ea th s ca u se d b y hum a n ac ti v it y，s a ys courchamp '，m ay be what reduces pac k n u mbers to be lo w th e s u s tainabl e thr es hold.Mammal ecol o gist C h ris Carbone at london’s I n s titute of Zoolo gy a gr e e s. Maintaining th e iintegrity r of w i ld dog packs will be vi t al in p r eserv in g th e s p ec i es,h e says.1.T h e African wild dog has been endanger e d.A. TrueB. FalseC. N ot Give n2.T h e spotted h y ena i s on the v erge of ext i nction.A. TrueB. FalseC. N ot Gi ve n3. Th e dog's weakness lies in its social o rg ani s a tion.A. TrueB. FalseC. N ot Gi ve n4. T h e remaining lions w ill d ie ou t wi th in de c ad es.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given5.Th e dominant female is always left be h i n d t o pro t ect the yo un g.A. TrueB. FalseC. N ot Gi ve n6. A smaller hunting party is also ab l e to t a c kl e large prey a nd do d e f e nd th e kill.A. TrueB. FalseC. N ot Gi ve n7. There is a tension between b ab ys i tti n g and hunt i n g.A. TrueB. FalseC. N ot Gi ve n8. The s ize of a pack must be big eno u g h for it to survive.A. TrueB. FalseC. N ot Gi ve n9. It is vital to maintain the integrity of wild dog packs.A. TrueB. FalseC. N ot Gi ve n10. Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given第⼆部分:阅读选择The Secret Cost of Using FacebookPeople are being lured(引诱) onto Facebook with the promise of a fun，free service，without realizing they're paying for it bygiving up loads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.Most Facebook users don't realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to，they still have no idea what they're paying for Facebook，because people don't really know what their personal data is worth.The biggest problem，however，is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on，you could keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook⼀-you could create your own little private network. Last year，the company changed its privacy rules so that many things-your city，your photo，your friends' names-were set，by default(默认)，to be shared with everyone on the Internet.According to Facebook's vice-president Elliot Schrage，the company is simply making changes to Im proveIts servIce，and if people don't share information，they have a "less satisfying expenence."Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model，which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page，totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they're online connecting with their friends?The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April，Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. "I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them，" Schrage admits.I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy，it's only the beginning.Which is whyI'm considering deactivating(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site，but I'm upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don't trust. That's too high a price to pay.11. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?A. It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.B. It makes money by putting on advertisements.C. It pro v ide s load s of information t o it s u se r s.D. It profits by selling its users' personal data.12.What does the author say about most facebook users ?A. They care very little about ttheir personal information.B. They are reluctant to give up their personal information.C. They don't know their personal data enriches Facebook.D. They don't identify themselves when using the website.13. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?A. To conform to the Federal guidelines.B. To improve its users' connectivity.C. To render better service to its users.D. To expand its scope of business.14. What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?A. Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.B. Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.C. Banning the sharing of users' personal information.D. Removing ads from all social-networking sites.15. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?A. He finds many of its users untmstworthy.B. He is upset by its frequent rule changes.C. He doesn't want his personal data abused.D. He is dissatisfied with its current service.第三部分:概括段落⼤意和补全句⼦。