AL_BIOLOGY_2003_PAPER_3_(Practical)
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高二英语单词与写作高级表达结合练习题30题1<背景文章>A successful scientist, Dr. Smith, is renowned for his groundbreaking research in the field of biology. His papers are always filled with sophisticated vocabulary and elegant writing expressions. When presenting his research findings, he carefully chooses words that accurately convey the complexity and significance of his work.For instance, instead of simply saying "the experiment was successful", he might say "the experiment yielded remarkable results". This kind of advanced language usage not only makes his work more engaging but also enhances the credibility of his research.Dr. Smith also pays great attention to the structure of his papers. He starts with a compelling introduction that grabs the reader's attention and then gradually unfolds the details of his research. In the body of the paper, he uses clear and concise language to explain his methods and results. And in the conclusion, he summarizes his findings in a way that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.His ability to combine scientific knowledge with excellent writing skills has earned him numerous accolades and recognition in the scientific community.1. Dr. Smith is famous for his research in the field of ___.A. chemistryB. biologyC. physicsD. mathematics答案:B。
小学上册英语第6单元测验卷(含答案)英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题,每小题1分,共100分.每小题不选、错误,均不给分)1.My sister is an excellent __________ (写作者).2.I enjoy watering my _____ (植物) daily.3. A _______ (鸟) can build a nest.4.The _____ (sunflower) turns towards the sun.5.The snowman is ______ (big) and tall.6. A _____ (花园) is beautiful in spring.7.What do you call a large body of saltwater?A. LakeB. RiverC. OceanD. Stream答案:C8.My mom is a ______. She enjoys baking.9.The dog loves to play with a ______ (球) in the park.10.My dog has a favorite _____ to chew on.11.The forecast predicts a ______ (酷热) week.12.What is the capital of Germany?A. MunichB. FrankfurtC. BerlinD. Hamburg答案:C13.The _______ (Arab-Israeli conflict) has continued for decades.14. A squirrel collects _______ for its winter stash.15.The kids are playing ___ (hide and seek/tag).16.I feel ______ when I play outside.17.I enjoy playing ______ (团体运动) with my friends after school.18.What do we use to write on paper?A. BrushB. PencilC. SpoonD. Fork答案: B19.If you drop a feather and a rock, the rock will fall _______.20.I enjoy making ________ (小礼物) for friends.21.The __________ is an area with a lot of trees and wildlife. (森林)22.The ________ was a notable treaty that fostered peace and stability.23.The main component of starch is _____.24.An extinct volcano is one that is unlikely to ______ again.25.写出所给字母的邻居。
Unit 3 词汇学案Understanding ideas部分1. press 基本义:挤压词族:press, pressure, impress, express, depress2.shoot 一词多义:基本义“投射”词块:shoot up3.gunpowder & compass 四大发明:papermaking, printing, the compass, gunpowder4.virtual词块:internal organs / injuries, internal doubts5.flexible flex- (bend 弯曲) + -ible →能弯曲的→灵活的、可变动的派生词:flexibility, inflexible6.capable cap- (hold 拿、取) + -able;词块:be capable of;派生词:capability7. stuff形近词:staff意为“东西;物品”是不可数名词,非正式用语名词动词化:把……填(满)8. desire词源义:from the stars (星星、星辰)。
古代的占星术是通过星辰移位来推测世事变迁,期望星辰按理想的状态运行,引申为“渴望”。
词块:satisfy one’s desire to do sth, a desire for, desire to do sthpress v①压(push);按;推;挤:press a button / switchShe pressed her face against the window.She pressed down hard on the gas pedal and the car leapt forwards.②催促;逼迫(push / urge):Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity.press on(不顾困难)继续进行:He pressed on and finally got passed the finishing line.press n [C]①[常与a连用] 按;压;推;挤:Give it a press.②出版社;印刷厂:the Oxford University Press③[常用the press] 报刊新闻业;新闻界:the local pressthe freedom of the pressshoot-shot-shot v①vi & vt 开(枪等武器);射出;射击:He shot the arrow from the bow.He hit the target after he shot at it several times.②vt 射中;射死:The police shot one suspect when he pulled a gun on them.③vt & vi 拍摄:The movie was shot in New Zealand.④vt & vi 射门;投篮:The basketball player shot the last goal.⑥vi & vt(使)快速移动:One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the disabled vehicle.shoot up 快速长高;蹿个儿n [C]嫩枝;新芽:bamboo shootsThe rose is putting out new shoots.► shooting n [C] 射击;枪杀;[U](电影)拍摄flexible adj 反 inflexible①易弯曲的;柔韧的able to bend easily without breaking:Rubber is a flexible substance.Dancers need to be flexible.②可变通的;灵活的able to change to suit any new situation:When asked about their work schedules, many people preferred more flexible work / working hours. Good job candidates must show a flexible approach to problems.【词汇拓展】► flexibility n [U] 柔韧性;灵活性同族词:flexible, flexibility, inflexiblestuffn [U] 东西;物品:There’s some really good stuff up there.vt 把……填(满);给……填馅:I stuffed a few clothes into a suitcase.The pillow was stuffed with feathers.desiren [C] & [U] 渴望;欲望:Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning.I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed.She had little desire for power.Confucius once said, “At seventy I can follow my heart’s desire.”■vt[不用于进行时][正式用语]渴望;期望:He is truly rich who desires nothing.desire to do sth:He desired to win the game.►desirable adj[正式用语]值得做的;值得拥有的;理想的辨析desire, wish, want三者都含有“想”“希望”之意。
2003年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题及详解[听力音频]Paper OnePart ⅠListening Comprehension (30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question aboutwhat is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear thequestion, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choosethe best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWERSHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite all day.Question: What’s the matter with the woman?You will read:A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Now let’s begin with question Number 1.1. A. A shop assistant.B. A physician.C. A pediatrician.D. An ophthalmologist.【答案】D【解析】通过对话中的glasses和vision-chart可知女士是名眼科医师。
q. (electric quantity) 电量q-factor q因数(抗阻比因数,谐振线路或线圈的定格,z/r,或简称q)qt (quart) 夸脱(1/4加仑)quadrangle ①四角形②四角器quadrangular arm-sling 四角臂吊带quadrangular mitella 四角臂吊带puadrant ①象限仪②象限quadrate 正方形quadri- 四,四倍quadrivalent element 四价元素quadrupole residual gas analyser 四极残余气体分析仪qualification ①合格②规格qualification test 合格试验,鉴定试验qualimeter x射线透度计,x射线硬度计(测x射线之硬度)qualitative analysis 定性分析quality ①性质,质量②规格quality certificate 品质证明书quality claim 品质索赔quality inspection 品质检验quality specification 质量说明书quantifier 计量器quantimet 定量电视显微镜quantimeter x射线放射量计(测量由球管产生的x射线量)quantitative 定量的,数量的quantitative autoradiography 定量放射自显影术,定量自体放射照像术quantitative cytophotomety 定量细胞光度学quantitative determination 定量测定quantitative filter paper 定量滤纸quantitative fluorometer 定量荧光计quantitative microscope 定量显微镜quantitive 定量的,数量的quantity 数量,参量quantity claim 数量索赔quantity of electricity 电量quantity of heat 热量quantivalence 化合价,原子价quantizer ①数字转换器②量化器③编码器quantometer ①光量计②光谱分析计③辐射强度测量器quantorecorder ①光量计②辐射强度测定计1uantum ①量子②定量quantum biology 量子生物学quantum constant 量子常数quantum mechanics 量子力学quantum number 量子数quanrantine ①检疫期②检疫所quanrt (abbr. qt.) 夸脱(四分之一加仑)quarter ①季度②一刻钟③四分之一quartz 石英,水晶(即二氧化硅)quartz crystal 石英晶体1uartz filter 石英滤波器quartz glass 石英玻璃quartz lamp 石英灯quartz oscillator 石英振荡器quartz prism 石英棱镜quartz thermometer 石英温度计quartz transducer 石英换能器,石英传感器quasi- 半,似,拟,准quasiconductor 半导体quasi-insulator 准绝缘体quasi-monochromatic 准单色的quasi-static 似稳的,准静态的quench circuit 猝灭电路quenchometer 冷却速度试验器quernstone 磨石query 询问,质问quest 探索,寻找question 问题,探究quick 快的,迅速的quick access memory 快速存取存储器quick freeze chamber 快速冷冻室quicklime 生石灰,氧化钙quick-loading cassette 快速换片暗盒quick-silver 汞,水银quinhydrone electrode (醌)氢醌电极quotation 估价单,报价单quotation date 报价日期quote 开价,报价,开估价单qutient 商数,系数q wave q波(心电图)r (①reaumur temperature scale ②registered trademark ③ro-entgen) ①列氏温度计②注册商标③伦琴(x线量单位)ra (radium) 镭rabbet ①插孔,塞孔②槽,凹部rabbet cage 兔笼rabbit-ear antenna (电视)兔耳形天线(室内用)r-acg (right-apexcardiongram) 右心尖搏动图rachi- 脊柱rachial 脊柱的rachialbuminimeter 脑脊液白蛋白定量器,脊髓液蛋白计rachigraph 脊柱描记器rachio- 脊柱rachiometer 脊柱弯度计rachiotome 脊椎刀,椎骨刀rachitome 脊椎刀,椎骨刀rack 支架,格栅rack mounting 支架安装rad 拉德(辐射吸收剂量单位)radar 雷达radar therapy apparatus 射频治疗机radi (radiographic inspection) x射线检查radiability x射线透过性radiable x射线可透的radiac 放射性检测仪器,剂量探测仪radiacmeter ①剂量计②核辐射测定器radiagraph 活动焰切机radial grating 射线光栅radian 弧度radiant 放射的,辐射的radiant energy 辐射能radiant flux 辐射通量radiant heat lamp 辐射热灯radiant matter 辐射质radiant warmer 辐射加温器radiate ①辐射状②辐射,发光radiathermy 短波透热法radiation ①辐射,放射②放射疗法radiation counter 放射线计算器radiation distribution computer 放射线分布指示计算机radiation dose 辐身射剂量radiation equipment 放射线设备radiation heating apparatus 辐射热仪radiation monitor 放射检测器radiation protecting equipment x射线防护设备radiation survey meter 辐射测试仪radiation therapy 放射疗法,辐射疗法radiation trap 辐射捕集器,辐射护墙radiator ①放射器,辐射器②散热器radical ①根,基②基本的radio ①无线电设备②射电的,射频的radio- ①放射,辐射②无线电radioactive 放射性的radioactive carbon 放射性碳radioactive cobalt 放射性钴radioactive constant 放射性常数radioactive contaminant 放射性污染物radioactive decay 放射性衰变radioactive disintegration 放射性元素蜕变radioactive element 放射性元素radioactive emanation 放射性射气radioactive indicator 放射性示踪剂radioactive isotope 放射性同位素radioactive isotope renography 放射性同位素肾造影术radioactive marker 放射性标记物radioactive sample 放射性样品radioactive source 放射源radioactive tracer 放射性同位素示踪剂radioactivity 放射性,辐射性radioactor 镭疗器radioautogram ①自动射线摄影②放射性同位素示踪图③无线电传真radioautograph 放射自显影术radioautography 放射自显影术radiobroadcasting 无线电广播,用无线电传送radiocalcium 放射性钙,射钙radiocarbon 放射性炭,射炭radiocardiogram 放射心电图radiocardiography 放射心电描记法radiochemistry 放射化学radiochlorine 放射性氯,射氯radiochromatogram camera 放射色谱图摄影机radiochrometer ①x射线透度计②放射色谱计radiocinematograph x射线电影装置,x射线活动摄影机radiocinematography x射线活动照像术radiocirculography 放射血循环描记术radiocobalt 放射性钴,射钴radiode 镭插入器,镭锭仪(装镭锭用于治疗的仪器)radiodiagnosis 放射诊断,x射线诊断radiodiaphane 镭透照镜(进行镭透照检查的仪器)radio ecg transmission 无线电遥控心电图传送radioelectrocardiogram(abbr. recg) 放射心电图radioelectrocardiograph (abbr. recg) 放射心电图机radioelectrocardiography 放射心电图描记法radioelectroencephalogram(abbr. reeg)放射脑电图radioelectroencephalograph (abbr. reeg) 放射脑电图描记器radioelectromyogram (abbr. remg) 放射肌电图radioelectromyograph (abbr. remg) 放射肌电图描记器radioelectrophysiologram 放射电生理描记图radioelectrophysiolograph 放射电生理描记器radioelectrophysiolography 放射电生理描记术radio element 放射性元素radioencephalogram (abbr. reg) 放射脑电图radioencephalograph 放射脑电图机radioencephalography 放射脑电图描记法fadio-frequency 射频,无线电频率radio-frequency accelerator 高频加速器radio-frequency pacemaker 射频起搏器(心)radiogen 放射物质radiogram x射线照片radiograph x射线照片radiographer 放射照像技术员radiographic 放射照像的radiographic contrast x射线照像对比radiographic equipment x射线照像装置radiographic negative x射线底片radiographic sensitivity 抗射线感光度radiographic stereometry 立体x射线片测定法radiograph microfilm reducer 35毫米显微胶片摄影缩微器radiography x射线照像术radiography cone x射线摄影孔radiography of fistula 瘘管造影术radiography of lacrimal duct 泪道造影术radiography of parotids 腮腺造影术radiography unit x射线机radio-immunity 放射免疫radioimmunoassay (abbr. ria) 放射免疫测定(法)radioimmunoassay centrifuge 放射免疫测定离心机radioimmunoassay system 放射免疫分析仪radioimmunoelectrophoresis 放射免疫电泳(法)radioiodine 放射性碘,射碘(常用131i)radioisotope (abbr. ri) 放射性同位素radioisotope diagnostic unit 放射性同位素诊断仪radioisotope dynamic functiontesting unit 放射性同位素动态功能测定仪radioisotope generator 放射性同位素发生器radioisotope renogram apparatus 肾放射图仪radioisotope renogram examination apparatus 放射性同位素肾图仪radioisotope renograph 放射性同位素肾图检查仪radioisotope renography 放射性同位素肾图检查radioisotope scanning (放射性)同位素扫描radioisotope teletherapy unit 放射性同位素深部治疗机radioknife 高频手术刀(10mhz以上)kradiokymography x射线动态摄影术,x射线记波照像术radiolead 放射性铅,射铅radiolocator 无线电定位器radiologic(al) 放射性的,放射学的radiological apparatus x射线机radiologist 放射科医师radiology 放射学radiolucency 射线透射性,x射线可透性radiolus 探子radiometer ①辐射仪②放射量测定仪radiometry 放射性测量radiomicrometer 测微辐射计,辐射微量计radiomovies 电视电影,电视影片radionuclide 放射性核素radionuclide brain imager 放射性核素脑部摄像机radionuclide image intensifier 放射性核素影像增强器radionuclide imaging 放射性核素造影术radiopadcity x射线不透性radioparency x射线可透性,射线可透性radioparent x射线可透的,射线可透的radioparent sternal blade x射线可透胸骨刀radiophosphorus 放射性磷,射磷radiophotography x射线照像术radiophotoscanning 放射照像扫描术radioprotector 辐射防护装置radioplmonography 放射肺换气率测定法radiosclerometer x射线透度计,x射线硬度计radioscope ①x射线透视屏②放射探测仪③放射镜radioscopy 放射检查,x射线透视检查,荧光屏检查radio set ①收音机②无线电台radiostereoscope x射线实体透视镜radiostereoscopy x 射线实体透视检查,x射线脏器检查法radiosterilization 辐射消毒,放射性消毒radiosurgery 放射外科学,镭外科学(以镭锭进行外科治疗)radiotelemetry 无线电遥测术radiotelescope 电望远镜,无线电望远镜radiotelevisor 电视接收机radiotherapeutics 放射疗法radiotherapy 放射疗法radiotherapy equipment 放射治疗设备radiotherapy linear accelerator 放疗用直线加速器radiotherapy simulator 放射治疗模拟定位机radiothyroxine 放射性甲状腺素radiotomy 断层x射线照像术,体层x射线照像术radiotracer 放射性示踪元素radiotransmitter 无线电发报机radiotransparent x射线可透的,透x射线的radiovision 电视radio wave 无线电波radium (abbr. ra) 镭radium applicator 施镭器radium cannon 镭管cadium container 镭容器radium emanation 镭射气radium needle 镭针nadiumotherapy 镭疗法radium-plaque adaptometer 镭板适应计radium recovery service 镭换置设施radium tube 镭管radius ①桡骨②半径radiuscope 眼晶状体半径测量仪radius splint 桡骨夹板radon (abbr. rn) 氡,镭射气radon container 氡容器rafting 合金,熔合物rail 轨道,导轨railway 铁路,轨道railway catheter 槽式导管rain 雨raincoat 雨衣raise 提高,增加,举起ram (radioactivity monitoring) 放射性监测ramp ①接线夹②斜面,滑行台rancidify 酸败random 无规则的,任意的,随机的random access memory 随机存取存储器(计算机)randomization 随机取样,随机化(统计学)randomness 随机性random number 随机数random sampling 随机抽样random zero sphygmomanometer 随遇零点血压计range ①范围,幅度②度盘,标度range-finder 测距器range indicator 距离指示器range of accommodation 调节幅度range of audibility 可听范围range of vision 视力范围ranger 测距仪rank 排列,分类,序列rankine's apparatus 兰金氏气体粘度计rapid film 快速软片rapid perforation awl 快速钻颅用穿刺锥rare 稀有的,珍贵的rare-earth intensifying screen 稀土元素增感屏rasion 锉刮,锉磨(用锉刀锉磨药物)rasp 锉raspatory 骨锉,骨刮raster 光栅,屏面ratch/ratlat ratchet 棘轮。
中国科学院2003年3月博士研究生入学考试试题PAPER ONEPART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear ten short conversations betwen two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The question will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. She is sick. B. she is hungry.C. She was bitten by an ant.D. She had a long bicycle ride.2. A. He's outgoing. B. He's considerate.C. He's successful.D. He's nice to all.3. A. 30 minutes. B. 25 minutes.C. 20 minutes.D. 15 minutes.4. A. Take the air. B. Park the car.C. Fill in the from.D. Work on a text.5. A. Apply for a created. B. Get a driver's license.C. Buy an insurance.D. Rent a vehicle.6. Crime need to be treated as a disease.B. Primitive punishment will do no good.C. Severe punishment is necessary to stop crime.D. Primitive people had trouble with crime treatment.7. A. The sale of the old houses.B. The pulling down of the gas company.C. The proposal of the council.D. The building of the office blocks.8. A. He will not be able to marry Cindy.B. He has financial problems.C. He has yet to buy furniture.D. He may not be recovered until the wedding.9. A. Both are having a cold.B. Both are on holidays.C. The woman feels sorry for the man.D. The woman hopes to see the man in the school.10. A. He felt sympathy for the Vietnamese.B. He used to the U S unlawfully.C. He aided illegal immigration to the U S.D. He dealt with 7,000 immigration cases.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be a questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During te pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.11. A. To make children grow tall and strong.B. To keep the soul in the body.C. To prevent someone from saying evil things.D. To protect someone against catching a cold.12. A. They think a good spirit may help the child grow.B. They want to drive away the devil “sneeze.”C. They say it as a curse for the child to stop sneezing.D. They consider a sneeze an obstacle to the child's growth.13. A. The German. B. The Italian.C. The Japanese.D. The Hindus.14. A. All peoples are afraid of sneezing.B. Some people never sneeze in their lives.C. The moment of sneezing is very dangerous.D. Many people say prayers when they sneeze.15. A. A lack of available flights. B. Long delays at the airport.C. When flying over cities.D. When flying at high altitudes.16. A. On short trips. B. On long trips.C. When flying over cities.D. When flying at high altitudes.17. A. It fuels with nuclear energy.B. It rests on a cushion of pressurized air.C. It flies above magnetically activated tracks.D. It uses a device similar to a jet engine.18. A. She is poor in school grade.B. Her major is thought to be useless.C. Her job expectation is too high.D. There is now an economic recession.19. A. Undergraduates. B. Experienced M. B. A.s.C. Laid-off workers.D. Liberal-arts majors.20. A Unemployment rate will get still higher.B. There will be no multiple job offers.C. 2 million job seekers will compete for jobs.D. First-time job requirements will be lowered.(THE IS THE END OF LISTENING COMPERHENSION)PART ⅡVOCABULARYDirections: Choose the word or expression below each sentence that best completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. His tick convinced none but the most__________.A. credulousB. plausibleC. trustworthyD. feasible22. Many people proposed that a national committee be formed todiscuss__________to existing mass transit systems.A. substitutesB. measuresC. duplicatesD.alternatives23. He is a hypocrite, a liar, a thief__________, he is the greatest devil I everknow.A. as a consequenceB. as a ruleC. as a matter of factD. as amatter of routine24. Since she was alone, she opened the door__________, leaving the chainlock fastened.A. warilyB. consciouslyC. audaciouslyD.recklessly25. In the last few minutes the conversation has becomeseemingly__________as if the discussion were of some minor domestic matte r and not survival itself.A. crucialB. centralC. casualD.causal26. I didn't listen to Mom and I was not surprised at the look of__________onher face.A. take upB. complimentC. negligenceD.reproach27. The victims of drunken driving in America over the pastdecade__________an incredible 250,000, with three killed every hour of every day on average.A. take upB. add up toC. count forD. turnout to28. He is believed to have been shot by a rival gang in__________for theshootings last week.A. revengeB. reserveC. reverseD.remedial29. These pollutants can be_______hundreds and eve thousands of kilometersby large air masses.A. containedB. conveyedC. contaminatedD.conserved30. There are a few small things that I don't like about my job,but__________it's very enjoyable.A. all at onceB. once and for allC. so much asD. by andlarge31. In a divorce, the mother usually is granted__________of her children.A. supportB. retentionC. perseveranceD.custody32. What he had in mind__________to nothing less than a total reversal of thetraditional role of the executive.A. contributedB. dedicatedC. amountedD. added33. Some Heads of Government now fear that negotiations will_______beforea settlement is reached.A. wear outB. come alongC. break offD. endup34. A ________of soap and two brightly colored towels were left beside thebath, the women smiled politely at Nicole and withdrew carefully form the room.A. loafB. barC. stickD.block35. of the 1,200 million people who call themselves Chinese,__________a verysmall number speak what is referred to as standard Chinese.A. none butB. but forC. all butD. butthen36. __________recent brain and behavioral research, Dr. Goleman wrote afascinating book entitled “Emotional Intelligence.”A. Drawing upB. Drawing onC. Putting upD.Putting on37. Many people think of deserts as__________regions, but numerous speciesof plants and animals have adapted to life there.A. remoteB. virginC. alienD.barren38. Attempts to persuade her stay after she felt insulted were__________.A. of no availB. out of focusC. queerlyD. in noway39. Scientists are__________certain that there is a cancer-inhibiting agent inthe blood of the shark.A. dubiouslyB. virtuallyC. queerlyD.randomly40. The integration of staff for training has led to a good exchange of ideas,greater enthusiasm, and higher staff__________.A. moralB. mortalC. moraleD. moresPART Ⅲ CLOZE TESTDirections: There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.It is appropriate on an anniversary of the founding of a university to remind ourselves of its purposes. It is equally appropriate at such time for students to__41__ why they have been chosen to attend and to consider how they can best__42__the privilege of attending.At the least you as students can hope to become__43__in subject matter which may be useful to you in later life. There is,__44__, much more to be gained. It is now that you must learn to exercise your mind sufficiently__45__learning becomes a joy and you thereby become a student for life.__46__this may require an effort of will and a period of self-discipline. Certainly it is not__47__without hard work. Teacher scan guide and encourage you, but learning is notdone passively. To learn is your__48__.There is__49__the trained mind satisfaction to be derived from exploring the ideas of others, mastering them and evaluating them. But there is__50__level of inquiry which I hope that some of you will choose. If your study takes you to the __51__of understanding of a subject and, you have reached so far, you find that you can penetrate to__52__ no one has been before, you research.Commitment to a life of scholarship or research is__53__many other laudable goals. It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even__54__other facets of life prove disappointing. I strongly__55__it.41. A. count B. reflect C. depend D. comment42. A. benefit from B. take over C. apply for D. go through43. A. efficient B. excellent C. professional D. proficient44. A. however B. therefore C. indeed D. after all45. A. if B. because C. so that D. before46. A. Of late B. Consequently C. Afterwards D. At first47. A. acquired B. accomplished C. approached D. assured48. A. ambition B. conscience C. responsibility D. challenge49. A. to B. on C. in D. by50. A. any B. one C. another D. no51. A. ends B. limits C. borders D. edges52. A. elsewhere B. what C. whichever D. where53. A. compatible with B. responsible forC. followed byD. relevant to54. A. shall B. will C. would D. should55. A. declare B. recommend C. advise D. contendPART Ⅳ READING COMPREHENSIONDirections: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage 1Small, pink and very ugly. Hardly the qualities of a star, but they describethe deformed mouse that was the media darling at a recent science exhibition in Beijing. With a complex tissue structure in the shape of a human ear grafted on to its back, the rosy rodent was a stunning symbol of the serious strides China is making in the field of biotechnology.China is fast applying the latest life-science techniques learned from the West to aggressively pursue genome research. It's establishing its own centers of technical excellence to build a scientific base to compete directly with the United States and Europe. With a plentiful supply of smart young scientists at home and lots of interest abroad biotechnology is on the brink of a boom in China. And in the view of foreign scientists, Beijing is playing a clever hand, maximizing the opportunities open to them.For the moment, the cooperation exists mostly with Europe and the U.S. But Asia's other biotech leaders, Japan, Singapore and Korea, also are recognizing China's potential as an attractive low-cost base to conduct research. These partnerships—and China's advancement in the field of biotechnolo-gy—could help benefit the rest of Asia: China's rapid progress in improving crop yields will address food-security concerns in the region. In addition, China is more likely to focus on developing cheap technology that its predominantly poor population—and those of other Asian countries—can afford.There remain, however, serious barriers to the development of a strong biotech industry. Among them are a poor domestic legal framework, weak enforcement of intellectual-property rights and loose adherence to international standards. China is a signatory of the International Bio Safely Protocol, which should mean adherence to global standards governing the conduct of field trials. But some observers are skeptical. “The regulations look goo d, but I haven't met one scientist who believes they are being fully adhered to,” says a European science analyst.If shortcuts are taken, then some of the recent scientific achievements trumpeted in the official press may never make it to market. But no matter how strict lab test are, other problems lie in wait. For example, there is a number of tasks it would take years to fulfill in the patents office, says one lawyer, leaving innovators with little protection if they take a product to market in China.56. The mouse on display is most significant in that__________.A. it has an ear in the shape of a human earB. it is unusually small and ugly as a starC. it is the focus of the media at the exhibitionD. it indicates China's progress in biotechnology57. The phrase “on the brink of a boom” (in boldface in Paragraph 2) in thecontext means __________.A. having an edge in competitionB. in great demandC. on the way to successD. preparing for challenge58. In the field of biotechnology China is thought to__________.A. have been making an utmost effort learning from the WestB. have become a country among the advancedC. have been able to rival the United States and EuropeD. have launched a biotechnological revolution59. Japan, Singapore, and Korea will also be interested in cooperating withChina in biotechnology because__________.A. it has made extraordinary contributions to the worldB. it has large supplies of talents and advanced research centersC. its research focuses on the benefits of all Asian countriesD. its cooperation with the US and Europe proves profitable60. Science analysts are worried that China, in the course of biotech development,__________.A. might refuse to join efforts to adhere to global standardsB. may put too much emphasis on developing cheap technologyC. cannot afford to fulfill years of tasks in assessing patentsD. may not seriously follow the International Bio Safely Protocol61. As implied in the context, the shortcuts that might be taken include__________.A. publicizing recent achievements in the official pressB. the protection of innovators with their productsC. the violation of intellectual-property rightsD. making lab tests as strict as possiblePassage 2The sizzling streams of sunlight were just beautifully glimmering down on the crisp green schoolyard. Such a wonderful day that was. Nothing could have ruined it. Little Jimmy, since it was such a wonderful day, decided to go to the corner store and but himself a little treat. As Jimmy started walking over to the store, clouds flocked over the dazzling sun and the sudden pitch dark meant to trouble. On the other side of the road were three white boys from Jimmy's same school. Upon recognizing Jimmy, the boys ran over the street to where he was.“Hey Negro, what's up?” one of the white boys said.“Did your mamma pack you enough to eat today?” another hooted.“Just leave me alone,” Little Jimmy said.“Oh no, Jimmy's really getting pist off!?” the first boy retaliated.“Just shove off and let me be,” Jimmy answered.It is like this everyday, everywhere, and every time, people suffer discrimination. All because they have differences amongst each other. Different beliefs, different cultures, different skin colors, all of these act like building blocks to help construct what we know as Racism.Racism has become one of the many burdens amongst multi-cultural worlds like Canada and the States. Racism is a part of each every one of us. No doubt, we are all racist, but the term racism has been used too loosely. Racism has been mutated to such an extent that it could be a reason for war, a symbol of terrorism, and even an excuse for neglecting.Is that all there is to it? No actually it is just the beginning. Racism is just like warfare in which there is no shelter and nobody is neutral.Nobody is exempt form this demon. He has haunted us with a bitter curse. On one occasion I remember, nobody would play with me at school. I would walk around by myself and ask people if we could play together. Everywhere that I went, like the process of induction, everyone would avoid me, like two inducted poles with the same polarity, they would just shimmer off into the distance and continue to do whatever they're doing. Because of racial differences, they neglect me.People are afraid of the unknown, and it is this difference amongst people that spread rumors and distrust amongst people. Corrupting our thoughts and reasons, we get accustomed to thinking differences are omens. Amongst smaller kids, there is no difficulty in getting them to all play together. Their thoughts are not totally corrupted as others. Probably the demon has no time to bother with smaller children.62. With the description of the weather and Jimmy's feeling about it the authorintends to show that __________.A. what a happy world it is for humansB. what an innocent boy Jimmy wasC. what an unusual thing hat was to happen to JimmyD. what a wonderful world that people have ignored63. From the conversation with the three white boys, we learn that Jimmy__________.A. must have offended them beforeB. was a pleasant boy to be talked toC. was being humiliated for being blackD. must have got used to their behaviors64. According to the author, Racism__________.A. leads to a world with no varietyB. does not see the differences between culturesC. hinders the world's economic developmentD. does not tolerate coexistence of different cultures65. By saying “No doubt, we are all racist” (in boldface in Paragraph 3) theauthor admits that __________.A. we are all warlike by natureB. we all discriminate against other peoplesC. we are all proud of our own race and nationD. we all focus on the difference between races66. To be continued, the passage would probably be followed by a paragraphthat deals with __________.A. how children's thoughts are corrupted by racism as they growB. the author's far more miserable experience of being neglectedC. how the black people should unite to fight against the WhitesD. the education of smaller children to behave pleasantly to each other67. Which of the following can best describe the tone of teh passage?A. Provocative.B. Indignant.C. Sentimental.D. Sarcastic.Passage 3This week marks the 10th anniversary of the Alar apple scare, in which many American consumers were driven into a panic following the release of a report by an environmental organization claiming that apples containing the chemical Alar posed a serious health threat to preschoolers. The report was disseminated through a PR (Problem Report) campaign and bypassed any legitimate form of scientific peer review. Introduced to the American public by CBS“60 Minutes,”the unsubstantiated claims in the report led some school disricts to remove apples from their school lunch programs and unduly frightened conscientious parents trying to develop good eating habits for their children.Last month,Consumers Union released a report warning consumers of the perils of consuming many fruits and vegetables that frequentlycontained“unsafe” levels of pesticide residues. This was especially true for children, they claimed. Like its predecessor 10 years earlier, the Consumers Union report received no legitimate scientific peer review and the public's first exposure to it was through news coverage.Not only does such reporting potentially drive children for consuming healthful fruits and vegetables, the conclusions were based on a misleading interpretation of what constitutes a “safe” level of exposure. Briefly, the authors used values known as the “chronic reference doses.” set by the U. S. environmental Protection Agency, as their barometers of safely. Used appropriately, these levels represent the maximum amount of pesticide that could be consumed daily for life without concern. For a 70-year lifetime, for example, consumers would have to ingest this average amount of pesticide every day for more than 25,000 days. It is clear, as the report points out, that there are days on which kids may be exposed to more; it is also clear that there are many more days when exposure is zero. Had the authors more appropriately calculated the cumulative exposures for which the safety standards are meant to apply, there would have been no risks and no warnings.Parents should feel proud, rather than guilty, of providing fruits and vegetables for their children. It is well established that a diet rich in such foods decreases the risk of heart disease and cancer. Such benefits dramatically overwhelm the theoretical risks of tiny amounts of pesticides in food. So keep serving up the peaches, apples, squash, grapes and pears.68. In the Alar apple scare, many Americans were frightened because__________.A. scientists warned that apples were dangerousB. many school children became ill after eating applesC. it was reported that apples were harmful to healthD. apples were discovered to have too much pesticide69. The warning message about the Alar apple was given__________.A. by Consumers UnionB. by a health centerC. through an news agencyD. through the government70. The last month report parallels that on the Alar apple scare in that__________.A. neither really caused worry among the publicB. neither underwent a scientific peer reviewC. neither provided statistical supportsD. neither aimed for the public good71. The “chronic reference doses” (in boldfac e in Paragraph 3) refer to__________.A. the safe levels of pesticide exposureB. the amount of fruits one can safely eatC. one's digestive capacity for fruitsD. health values of fruits and vegetables72. With regard to the pesticides in food, this passage seems to argue that__________.A. parents should keeps their children from the food with pesticidesB. they should be applied to fruits and vegetables wit cautionC. more research needs to be done on their harmfulness to healthD. they are not as threatening as said to children most of the time73. The primary purpose of this passage is to explain that__________.A. not all reports on food are scientifically soundB. it is important for the public to know the risks of pesticidesC. vegetables and fruits can be harmful to children's healthD. there should be no public concern over pesticidesPassage 4Abortion. The word alone causes civil conversation to flee the room. This is largely because the prochoice and pro-life positions are being defined by their extremes, by those who scream accusations instead of arguments.More reasonable voices and concerns, on both sides of the fence, are given little attention.For example, pro-life extremists seem unwilling to draw distinctions between some abortions and others, such as those resulting from rape with an underage child. They would make no exception in the recent real-life case of a woman who discovered in her fifth month that her baby would be born dead due to severe disabilities.On the other hand, pro-choice extremists within feminism insist on holding inconsistent positions. The pregnant woman has an unquestionable right to abort, they claim. Yet if the biological father has no say whatsoever over the woman's choice, is it reasonable to impose legal obligations upon him for child support? Can absolute legal obligation adhere without some sort of corresponding legal rights?The only hope for progress in the abortion dialogue lies in the great excluded middle, in the voices of average people who see something wrong with a young girl forced to bear the baby of a rapist.Any commentary on abortion should include a statement of the writer's position. I represent what seems to b ea growing“middle ground” in pro-choice opinion. Legally, I believe in the right of every human being to medically control everything under his or her own skin. Many things people have a legal right to do, however, seem clearly wrong to me: adultery, lying to friends, walking past someone who is bleeding on the street. Some forms of abortion fall into that category. Morally speaking, my doubts have become so extreme that I could not undergo the procedure past the first three months and I would attempt to dissuade friends from doing so.Fanatics on both sides are using reprehensible and deceitful tactics. An honest dialogue on abortion must start by re-setting the stage, by denouncing the approaches that block communication.74. According to the passage, the pro-life and pro-choice positions on abortion are__________.A. complementary to each otherB. opposed to each otherC. similar in natureD. reconcilable in a way75. To a pro-life extremist,__________.A. all babies should be carried to termB. babies resulting form rape should not be bornC. deformed babies can be aborted when detectedD. an underage girl has no right to give birth76. According to the pro-choice position,__________.A. a pregnant woman cannot abort her baby if its father arees to keep itB. a pregnant woman has an absolute right of choice over an abortionC. the baby's father also has a say over its mother's choice of abortionD. the baby's father has an unalienable obligation to support the baby77. Who would insist that the baby be born whether or not it is the child of a rapist?A. The authorB. Average peopleC. A pro-choice advocateD. A pro-life extremist78. The author doubts the legal right to lie to friends as well as the one to__________.A. abort a fetus in its fifth monthB. view the photos of late-term abortionC. give birth to a baby in one's teenageD. dispose of what ever under one'sskin79. The author, as a “middle ground” person,__________.A. actually holds a mild pro-life opinionB. proposes that a rapist's baby never be bornC. advocates a serious dialogue on abortionD. denies the principle “a woman's body, a woman's right”Passage 5In the absence of optimism, we are left with nothing but critics, naysayers, and prophets of doom. When a nation expects the worst from its people and institutions, and its experts focus exclusively on faults, hope dies. Too many people spend too much tie looking down rather than up, finding fault with their country's political institutions, economic system, educational establishment, religious organizations, and—worst of all —with each other.Faultfinding expends so much negative energy that nothing is left over for positive action. It takes courage and strength to solve the genuine problems that afflict every society. Sure, there well always be things that need fixing. But the question is, Do you want to spend your time and energy tearing things down or building them up?The staging of a Broadway show could illustrate my point. Let's say a new production is about to open. A playwright has polished the script, investor have put up the money, and the theater ahs been rented. A director ahs been chosen, actors have been auditioned and selected, and the cast has been rehearsing for weeks. Set, lighting, and sound engineers have been hard at work. By the time opening night arrives, nearly a hundred people have labored tirelessly—all working long hours to make magic for their audience.On opening night ,four or five critics sit in the audience. If they pan it, the play will probably close in a matter if days or weeks. If they praise it, the production could go on for a long and successful run. In the end, success or failure might hinge on the opinion of a single person—someone who might be in a bad mood on opening night! What's wrong with this scene? In one sense, nothing. Critics have a legitimate role. The problem arises when we make critics our heroes or put them in control of our fate. When we empower the critic more than the playwright, something is wrong. It is much easier to criticize than to create. When we revere the critics of society, we eventually become a society of critics, and when that happens, there is no room left for constructive optimism.80. According to the author, critics usually__________.A. ignore minor imperfectionsB. overemphasize flawsC. see both sides of a coinD. pin their hopes onimprovements。
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《医学院校研究生英语读与写》3/5/6/7/8/9/11vocabulary原题及答案Unit3TEXT A1)It is mandated in the regulations that the laid-off workers can get tax credits when they run their business.2)This directive applies to all apparatus liable to cause electromagnetic disturbance or the performance of which is to be affected by such disturbance.3)Without receiving any advance warning,the coastal cities in Southeast Asia sustained heavy losses from the hurricane last year.4)This cancer co-operative group organization provides information about cancer clinical trials,cancer research,patient advocates,drugs for cancer,experimental cancer treatments and general cancer treatment.5)On behalf of U.S.Secretary of Energy Samuel W.Bodman,I am pleased to announce that the United States supports the decision of the ITER(International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor)Parties to site the ITER reactor at Tokyo.6)The shop carries suits,coats,shirts,and miscellaneous accessories.7)The Legislative Counsel Committee claims copyright protection in those parts of Oregon Revised Statute that are legally subject to copyright protection.8)The government has empowered the police with absolute authority to stop anybody in the street during racial conflict.9)Methadone is used by heroin addicts as part of a program to wean them off the drug.10)They agree that a sound and stable relationship between China and the United States is good to help establish durable peace on the Korean Peninsula.The doctor-patient relationship is the foundation of modern medical1)ethics.What will be the2)touchstone the profession may need with the change of the doctor-patient relationship?First of all,instead of governing the doctor-patient relationship by3)fidelity and4) altruism,more patients and doctors meet each other while under contract than ever before and usually neither has truly free choice in the matter.Secondly,the5) continuity is rare for doctors of taking care of several generations of the same family as physicians couple and uncouple in group6)arrangements and are selected and deselected by managed care plans.Thirdly,the7)information learned from or about the patient seems to be wide open and8)confidentiality of medical records seems like food for earthworms.Medical practice is no longer personal and the managed care’s ethical9)foundation is population-based.In a word,the individual doctor-patient relationship is likely to remain the most important relationship in medicine—at least to doctors and the moral relationship based on payers and patients and10)integration of fairness to all with the choices of an individual would be established.TEXT A1)The little girl didn’t have enough money so she cajoled her boyfriend into buying her a new dress.2)According to British law,justice works on the premise that an accused person is innocent until proven guilty.3)It is a delicate job which cannot be done by a layman,but in which a variety of professional skills will be deployed.4)The city was even equipped with a drainage system,for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.5)The little girl shuddered at the sight of the dead body.She almost fainted right away.6)The shop has been enjoying public praise for a long time,but it’s inevitable that there will be the occasional disgruntled customer.7)Anyone with an annual income of less than$5,000may be eligible to apply,or may be regarded as a potential tax dodger.8)In South Korea in August,Robles finished first in the110meters but was disqualified for impeding Liu,who ended up winning a silver medal after being on course for gold.9)Yesterday,staff at the hospital were officially rebuked for telling patients they had cancer over the phone.10)Numeric values formatted to strings using standard and custom format codes.The job could only be done by computer,because it would be a tremendous amount of work.1.Let’s look at a sample case study to better understand why this is a________malnutrition mispractice misnutrition malpractice2.The more time,energy and money you spend acquiring________knowledge,the more control you have over your life.pertinent permanent prevalent perspective3.China’s top legislature might add mental distress in criminal cases to the conditions covered under the country’s first________law.tough taught tort naught4.The investigation was brought about by the determination of a sole________.accused plaintiff criminal witness5.The authorities had agreed to________normal requirements for permits to cross the border.wrench reckon stimulate waive6.An honest person can have many________personal or business reasons for private communications.humble legitimate modest considerate7.The rate and duration of China’s economic growth have no historical________precedent descendent demonstration illustration8.She threatened legal action against the newspaper for________of copyright.applicate breach communicate duplicate9.For some industrial scientists,the attractions of academia________any financial considerations.outlive outline outweigh outcome10.________or damaging of state or collective property by any organization or individual by whatever means is prohibited.Appropriation Appointment Appreciation ApproachTEXT A1.Fingerprints left on the only knife on the island mansion were the________for the murder.smoker’s gun big gun smoking gun starting gun2.Taking long-term courses of certain medication may increase________to infection.vulnerability subjectivity objectivity capability3.The funeral arrangements were________the family’s wishes.in collusion with out of keeping with hand in glove with along with 4.The fact that so many people have posted comments on this topic shows how________and complicated it is.pervasive passive adverse favorable5.The arrays were placed directly on the brain of a volunteer patient with epilepsy whose skull had already been opened to measure________electrical signals that trigger seizures.normal aberrant constant flashing6.The strip of flexible material wraps around the back of the head and covers the side of the eyes,blocking up to60percent of a wearer’s________vision.focal double peripheral distance7.The recent________in food prices around the world is because of rising energy costs.spear sphere plight spike8.To that end,he said he and Mr.Trump discussed ways to improve infrastructure along that US-Mexico border to______bilateral trade.restrict initiate ban facilitate9.Blind,deaf and mentally________children are sent to special education schools.radical rising rational retarded10.All the charitable endeavors in this world only manage to bring poverty into greater relief;they show it to be more terrible and________than utter dereliction.unabsorbent unacknowledged unintelligible unamiableThese risk associations remained statistically significant even after the authors limited the analyses to children who were born neither pre-term nor underweight and who had no obvious1)distress at birth(Apgar score above6).This suggests that the observations cannot be entirely explained by2)detrimental effects on the3)fetus due to the mother’s4)autoimmune disease.5)Combined with other research evidence,the authors6)speculated that certain autoimmune diseases may share a common genetic root with autism.Other autoimmune diseases,such as multiple sclerosis,psoriasis,and Crohn’s disease, in parents and siblings were not significantly7)associated with autism spectrum disorders in the study children.Furthermore,a family history of thyrotoxicosis was the only autoimmune disease8)studied that was associated with a lower risk of autism9) spectrum disorder.The study was published in the August Pediatrics and was funded by10)grants from the U.S.National Institute of Mental Health and the Aarhus University Research Foundation in Denmark.TEXT A1)His ambiguous directions confused us:we did not know which of the two roads to take.2)For this reason,I believe that this article should be subject to much more scrutiny.3)Greed has deadened him to what other people are suffering.4)Objectivism and subjectivism has the similar main points with that of metaphysical history.5)So long as he was willing to pay the charges,then he would be in compliance with the law.6)He said he was on the verge of an evolutionary breakthrough.7)For most people,few things evoke fear like the image of a great white shark.8)“Cruelty”means any infliction of unnecessary pain or distress on an animal whether by deliberate act or neglect.9)In statistics alone,Katrina was one of the worst disasters to befall the United States.10)Evil cannot be defeated overnight,but constant vigilance can keep it at bay,unable to harm us here at home.1.Once the robot can________facial expressions in a social context,the researchers plan to use him in an“automatic tutoring”experiment.download copy practice mimic2.________is a substance which delays or prevents a chemical reaction.Pigment Anesthetics Catalyst Inhibitor3.Underground mining can cause the surface________,and in turn induce the additional stress in the buildings in the mining area.deformation reformation transformation information4.The truth will be undeniable as all that we reveal can be supported by________ evidence.refutable irrefutable ambiguous unambiguous5.Foods with a low-glycemic are absorbed more slowly thus keeping________levels more stable.lipid pressure insulin fat6.Any break in the skin,even a________,provides an opening for dangerous germs.drop sip pinprick clip7.The energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion is called________energy, or energy of motion.aerobic anaerobic kinetic surviving8.Disneyland is nothing but a hyper-real________of a theme park as if it were a small town.simulation stimulation decoration duplicationUnit8TEXT A1)The altruistic behaviors should be advocated and the egoism should be eliminated.2)The main form of blood donation in this country is to remunerate individuals for their donation.3)A taxi driver,exhausted after driving for more than18hours,crashed into a tricart and the man riding the tri-cart died after emergency treatment failed to resuscitate him.4)The famous pianist together with his concert at the Forbidden City Concert Hall gratified local classical fans.5)Monetary incentive is the most important factor in encouraging citizens’blood donation in many countries.6)After the heated discussion for the whole day his brilliant ideas were incorporated into the project at last.7)With the specially designed keyboard for blind people,users can put information into the computer,and software helps________the online words________voice information.convert to(直接按方框中显示的单词或词组填写即可)8)When making a plan,you should take account of each possibility as possible as you can in case of any unexpected mistake or occasion.9)It is common sense that we should omit superfluous words in writing telegrams so as to save money.10)Undoubtedly,sometimes parents’remarks place intangible pressure on children, even do harm to their mental health.TEXT B1.________activation is thought to be an important risk factor in blood clotting.Erythrocyte Plasma Leukocyte Platelet2.________is the loss of blood from a ruptured blood vessel,either internally or externally.Hepatitis Hemorrhage Hemophilia Leukemia3.I’m going to send for a special nurse,as the_______drip will run out soon.intravenous subcutaneous hypodermis infrasonic4.In an address today he said he still opposes the________cuts in green house gases encouraged by European nations.directed necessary arbitrary mandatory5.At last things appeared to be going on well,and if no________occurred,Herbert’s recovery might be regarded as certain.compensation compliment complement complication6.The beautiful girlfriend of his father may probably be the gift from God,to make up for the________love he never had.paternal maternal fraternal sororal7.Furthermore,showing the new staff around the premises will give them a sense of being valued,which will result in________.retention retirement recruit rehabilitation8.Recently one of the greatest IT companies underwent a________drive with a criterion that males are not allowed.retention retirement recruit rehabilitation9.When a loved one dies,the death becomes an emotional________and coping with it takes a great length of time.trauma scar cure heal10.The marked________among different age groups,he adds,is something of a mystery.displacement disparity dissemination disformationTEXT A1)Sacrificing nature for money would one day take its toll.2)As those costs inevitably swell,they will apply even more pressure to state budgets.3)But with exams looming,he decided he needed to focus more on his studies.4)Consider the scenario where a website allows you to use the functions of a partner website,but the partner site is not allowed to know who you are.5)As an anchor of the family,the father had to toil from early morning to late night.6)What may appear ahead may confuse and bewilder those who do not choose to see through it.7)Resources have irreplaceable function on the prosperity and development of this kind of city,but the exhaustion with resources,this kind of city faces severe challenge of existence and development.8)One implication is that every effort should be made to stop the growth of these unsustainable cities and gradually to reduce their size.There are two1)major schools of thought on2)personality development with one3) hypothesizing a relatively stable personality and the other holding a characterized4) plasticity or change in personality.Generally speaking,basic personality5)traits remain relatively6)consistent throughout one’s adult life according to previous studies;however,recent7)longitudinal studies suggest that absolute stability has been 8)overestimated,because there exists a decline of neuroticism and extroversion while an increase of agreeableness and9)conscientiousness.Besides,relatively10) predictable shifts may occur in other aspects of a person’s personality.An increased11) interiority is an example.A second domain concerns12)gender role identity.Any attempt to identify13)predictable personality changes in later life should note that longitudinal studies have found that adults tend to exhibit greater14)inter-individual differences as they grow older.And15)diseases can cause changes in personality which can be corrected with medical method.TEXT A1)People who are depressed often feel numb to events around them and don’t derive pleasure from experiences that they once found enjoyable.Such an absence or suppression of emotion,feeling,concern or passion is called G2)People with Alzheimer’s disease may become I or aggressive as the disease gets worse,who tend to feel stirred up,confused and irritable.3)People who live in places with long winter are at high risk of developing seasonal affective disorder(SAD),symptoms of which are often the same as other forms of depression,such as A movements,social withdrawal.4)While some people secretly plan and then commit suicide,most people exhibit one or more signs indicating the seriousness of their depression.If signs of a(n)F suicide coupled with recent losses can be noticed,depression can be treated through therapy as well as medications.5)A medical center has been B in flames in a suspicious fire within a short time which caused about$300,000damage.6)Every year,many young people sit exams and whether they love or E them,most of them will face some anxiety in the lead up to the big day.7)Have you ever snapped angrily at someone when you were hungry?If so,you’ve experienced“hangry”—the phenomenon whereby some people get J andshort-tempered when they’re overdue for a feed.8)Both alcohol and guns are significant social determinants of D,either considered independently or in combination,and it is important to call for stronger alcohol policies,including taxes and sales restrictions to help curb these critical problems.9)Mental H is not just your ability to bounce back,but also your capacity to adapt in the face of challenging circumstances,which help you deal with pressure and reduce the impact the stress has on your life.10)Medical students in the UK are facing C financial outlook.It is reported increased tuition fees,in addition to existing financial problems,are raising concerns overlong-term debt for the current intake of medical students.TEXT B1.We should not_______us to single subject,but should endeavor to expand our academic vision,widen thinking and promote philosophical cultivation.limit confine restrict restrain2.Children’s_______of extinction because of our destruction of their behavior should be discouraged because such behaviors may cause damage to objects or harm people or animals.aggressive enterprising aspiring ambitious3.When he realized that he couldn’t meet the deadline,he got into a_______.terror intimidation panic scare4.No matter how rich a person is or where he stays,evading feeling of negativity and depression is near pared to anti-depressant pills,_______works better and has no adverse effects.medication negotiation meditation mediation5.It is_______that we do more to address growing health disparities for women of color.Doing so is a priority for me as U.S.Senator.imperative comprehensible imminent eminent6.Many species are in_______natural habitat.hazard venture risk peril7.If you are feeling hungry,you will probably sit down at the first available opportunity to have something to eat.In some cases you may feel hungry even after a meal and not know why.It is even possible that you are hungrier after eating than before.But what brings about this______sensation sentiment emotion affection8.As the leading cause of early death among black Americans,homicide_______ black communities.Yet killing gets a disproportionately low share of federal research funding.damages disrupts devastates infringes9.Sleeping in a cold room or sleeping with the neck in an abnormal position may trigger a(n)_______headache because neck and scalp muscles contract.stress tension pressure strain10.Vascular occlusion is a(n)_______of a blood vessel,usually with a clot.When it occurs in a major vein,it can,in some cases,cause deep vein thrombosis.oppression occupation suffocation blockage。
生物专业英语翻译+蒋悟生+第3版------------------------------------------作者------------------------------------------日期Lesson One(4学时)Inside the Living Cell: Structure andFunction of Internal Cell Parts1.Cytoplasm: The Dynamic, Mobile Factory细胞质:动力工厂Most of the properties we associate with life are properties of the cytoplasm. Much of the mass of a cell consists of this semifluid substance, which is bounded on the outside by the plasma membrane. Organelles are suspended within it, supported by the filamentous network of the cytoskeleton. Dissolved in the cytoplasmic fluid are nutrients, ions, soluble proteins, and other materials needed for cell functioning.生命的大部分特征表现在细胞质的特征上。
细胞质大部分由半流体物质组成,并由细胞膜(原生质膜)包被。
细胞器悬浮在其中,并由丝状的细胞骨架支撑。
细胞质中溶解了大量的营养物质,离子,可溶蛋白以及维持细胞生理需求的其它物质。
2.The Nucleus: Information Central(细胞核:信息中心)The eukaryotic cell nucleus is the largest organelle and houses the genetic material (DNA) on chromosomes. (In prokaryotes the hereditary material is found in the nucleoid.) The nucleus also contains one or two organelles-the nucleoli-that play a role in cell division. A pore-perforated sac called the nuclear envelope separates the nucleus and its contents from the cytoplasm. Small molecules can pass through the nuclear envelope, but larger molecules such as mRNA and ribosomes must enter and exit via the pores.真核细胞的细胞核是最大的细胞器,细胞核对染色体组有保护作用(原核细胞的遗传物质存在于拟核中)。
《Iain Bruce 高级生物学英文论文写作》课程介绍在国际学术期刊发表英文学术论文是开展高水平国际化学术交流的重要方式。
生物及生物医学是当今世界发展非常迅猛的学科,作为科研成果重要组成部分的英文学术论文的撰写显得尤为重要。
为提高研究生的科技英文写作水平,更好地参与国际学术竞争,北京大学研究生院计划开设“高级生物学英文论文写作”课程。
课程邀请到Dr. Iain Bruce作主讲人。
Dr. Iain Bruce是一位具有30年生命科学研究和教学经验的生理学教授,曾先后在多伦多大学、爱荷华大学、香港大学、浙江大学医学院任职任教,曾经在国际重要生物类学术期刊担任编辑,并以专家级的视角和经验为浙江大学及中科院上海神经研究所等研究人员提供了英文论文的修改帮助,其中发表SCI影响因子>8的论文15篇以上,以及更多影响因子>4的论文。
课程具体安排如下:一、开课时间与学时学分2007—2008学年,本课程计划开设三次。
三次课程中Bruce教授抵达我校面授的时间分别是:2008年1月6~19日,2008年4月6~19日,2008年6月22日~7月5日。
每次课程学员以20人为宜,课时约为32学时(包括课后个别面谈和E mail交流的一对一反馈),计为2学分,考查方式主要根据集中面授和一对一反馈中学员的学习和掌握情况、文章撰写情况,由主讲教师对学员的学习成绩做出综合评定。
二、授课内容与方式主要采取两周集中面授与“一对一”反馈指导相结合的教学方式。
集中授课以每班学员20人为宜,主要进行科技论文写作基础理论与技巧方法的讲解,以及重点针对学员自己撰写的学术文章初稿进行实例解析;“一对一”反馈指导主要通过个别面谈和mail交流两种形式。
大概的课时安排如下:1、针对每班(20人)的2周面授中:(1)先用约2小时的时间讲授生物学科研论文写作、发表的相关知识和技巧,并向学员提供PDF文件的课件;(2)每周2~3次课(2小时/次)进行例文解析。
HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AUTHORITYHONG KONG ADVANCED LEVEL EXAMINATION 2002BIOLOGY A-LEVEL PRACTICAL EXAMINATIONThree hoursThis paper must be answered in English.INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES1. Answer ALL questions.2. Read through the entire question paper before you start working. The marks allocated for eachquestion are shown. Allocate your time according to the number of marks for each question.You are advised to start with Question 1.3. Unless otherwise stated, in general, all written answers should be put in the AL(E) Answer Book.Drawings should be done on the white paper provided. You should write your CandidateNumber, Centre Number and Question Number on each sheet of drawing paper used and on thephotomicrograph provided. Tie them to the relevant page(s) of your Answer Book with the stringprovided before you hand in the Answer Book.4. Drawing and labelling should be done in pencil. Colour pencils are not permitted.5. If you think that a specimen is missing or damaged, or if you have any difficulty, raise your handand ask an invigilator for assistance.香港考試局 保留版權Hong Kong Examinations AuthorityAll Rights Reserved 20021. The purple plant pigment ‘anthocyanin’ changes colour in acidic solutions and in alkaline solutions likepH indicators. The cell sap of the lower epidermis of the leaf of Rhoeo contains anthocyanin. Design and carry out an experiment to determine the pH of the cell sap of Rhoeo leaf epidermis.You are provided with the following materials and apparatus :distilledwater0.1 M phosphoric acid solution0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution3 teat pipettes2 sets of ‘Whatman’ pH papers (pH 1 to 5, pH 5 to 9) with colour charts12 sets of petri dish3 sheets of white paperlabels(a) Describe the principles of your experimental design and state two assumptions that you have tomake.(6 marks)(b) Describe the procedure of your experiment and the precautions you have to take in order to obtainaccurate results. Present your experimental results clearly and state the pH of the cell sap of thelower epidermal cells of Rhoeo leaf.(27 marks)(c) Keep the results of your experiment and leave them behind for assessment. (7 marks)(Total : 40 marks)2. Specimens A and B were taken from two plant species.(a) Suggest a common function of A and B and state the reason for your suggestion. (1 mark)(b) Prepare a temporary mount of the transverse section of each of A and B. Put your candidatenumber on your prepared slides and label them as A and B as appropriate. Leave them on yourmicroscope stage for assessment.(10 marks)(c) Examine the histology of A and B shown in their transverse sections. What kind of plant organ iseach of A and B ? Give two reasons to support your answer in each case.(6 marks)(d) Based on your prepared slide, make a fully-labelled low-power diagram of A. (12 marks)(Total : 29 marks)2002-AL–BIO 4-2 −1−3. (a) You are provided with three animal specimens C, D and E. These animals belong to differenttaxonomic groups. (Caution : DO NOT unzip the plastic bags that contain the specimens.Chemicals used in preserving the specimens may damage your skin.)(i) Identify the taxonomic group of each animal. For each animal, describe two features bywhich you can distinguish it from the other two animals as a member of a differenttaxonomic group.(9 marks)(ii) Both C and D swim in water. Describe one common and one different external featureof C and D and explain how these features enable them to cope with the problems oflocomotion in the aquatic environment.marks)(5(iii) Explain how the shell of E offers one advantage and one disadvantage for survival in aterrestrial environment.(2 marks)(Total : 16 marks)(b) Photomicrographs F, G, H and I show sections of different tissues / organs found in mammals.(i) Identify the tissues / organs shown in F, G, H and I. (4 marks)(ii) Pair up the tissues / organs shown in the photomicrographs according to their functionsin the body. Give a brief description of how they work together in performing thesefunctions.marks)(5(iii) Refer to photomicrograph I, label one feature shown in each region: X, Y and Z, andannotate how these features contribute to the function of the tissue / organ shown in I.(Put your answers on photomicrograph I.)(6 marks)(Total : 15 marks)(The total mark for this paper is 100.)END OF PAPER2002-AL–BIO 4-3 −2−2002-AL–BIO 4-4−3−KEY TO PRACTICAL EXAMINATION20023. (a) C =FishD = AmphibiaE = Reptilia(b) F = compact boneG =liverH = skeletal muscleI = small intestine。