第三次作业语法2015

M3课文及语法知识点(标红部分为易错部分)Unit1哦，他正在做他的家庭作业。

Oh, he is doing his homework.不，他没有在做他的家庭作业。

No, he isn’t doing his homework.他正在睡觉。

He’s sleeping.萨姆，请做作业。

Sam, please do your homework!（物主代词，你的）整理你的房间。

And tidy your room!（物主代词，你的）妈妈，萨姆现在没在整理房间？Mum, Sam isn’t tidying his room? （物主代词他的与前面Sam一致）他再写他的作业吗？Is he doing his homework? （物主代词他的与前面he一致）不，他没有。

No, he isn’t.（回答用he isn’t与问句is he保持一致）他正在干什么？What’s he doing?秘密。

It’s a secret.秘密？ A secret?萨姆，你在干什么？Sam, what are you doing? （正在做…you搭配的是are）这是给你的，妈妈。

This is for you, Mum.生日快乐！Happy birthday!一张生日贺卡！谢谢你，萨姆！ A birthday card! Thank you, Sam!现在你在收拾你的房间吗？Are you tidying your room now?是的。

Yes, I am. （回答用I am与问句are you保持一致）好孩子。

Good boy.笑。

Smile, please! （please请，表示客气和礼貌）Unit 2嘿，你正在写作业吗？Hey, are you doing your homework?是的我正在写作业。

Yes, I’m doing my homework. （回答用I am与问句are you保持一致）你正在写作业吗，艾米？Are you doing your homework, Amy?是的，妈妈。

动词的时态和语态Part Ⅰ.单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．[2015·天津河西区一模]AMidsummerNight'sDream ________ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.2．[2015·陕西西安八校联考]－Your spoken English is so good. Have you been abroad?－Yes. I ________ (stay) in America for three years.3．[2015·北京丰台区一模]The book I wrote last year ________ (print) and it will soon come out.4．[2015·陕西83中二模]－That's the third time he ________ (win) the award in this field.－Yes. He________ (explore) his maximum potential in the past decade.5．[2015·北京海淀区一模]－It is said that John's paper got an A.－He deserves it. He ________ (prepare) a lot before he handed it in.6．[2015·北京朝阳区一模]Sally was excited to meet Su San at the party last night. They________ (not see) each other since they ________ (graduate) from Oxford University in 2010.7．[2015·北京西城区一模]I ________ (not exercise) for six months. I'm really out of shape.8．[2015·北京石景山区一模]I went to see Dr. Smith yesterday, only to be told that he________ (ask) for leave.9．[2015·安徽合肥质检二]－Have you got the sleeping bag needed for the camping this weekend?－Yes, I ________ (buy) it almost the moment I heard the news.10．[2015·浙江六校联考]－Didn't you talk any with Rice?－No, the plane ________ (take) off when I rushed to the airport to see her off.11．[2015·四川雅安月考]Don't call me tomorrow evening, for I ________ (listen) to a lecture on how to keep a good state of mind when taking an exam.12．[2015·湖南郴州质检二]Tom is a great talker. It's high time he ________ (do) something instead of just talking.13．[2015·北京西城区期末]This ferryboat ________ (use) to transport passengers between the harbor and the island for years.14．[2015·陕西西工大附中二模]Little ________ we know that the region was abundant in natural resources about four decades ago.15．[2015·福建三校联考]He ________ (work) around the clock since June, when the first Ebola case appeared in this agricultural country.Part Ⅱ.语篇语法填空(重点考查时态和语态)[2015·福建黄冈月考]When he was a little boy, Christopher Cookerell once watched his mother turn the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand.“Wouldn't it work quickly if a machine ___1___ (turn) the wheel for you？”he asked. “I suppose it would，”said his mother, ___2___ paying him any attention.Christopher knew she always ___3___ (have) a lot of work, and he wanted to help her. Up in his bedroom there was a toy steam-engine which his father ___4___ (buy) him as a gift. “I will make better use of it，”little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother ___5___ (not use) her sewing-machine, he fixed the toy steam-engine onto it. When the job ___6___ (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother ___7___ (like) it.“Very clever，”his mother said when she saw it. Then she sat down and went on ___8___ (turn) the wheel by hand. “I ___9___ (work) like this for too many years，”she explained.This taught Christopher Cookerell the lesson that anyone who tries to improve anything___10___ (have) to learn：many people don't like new ideas.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________——★参考答案★——Part Ⅰ.单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

《编译原理》习题解答：第一次作业：P14 2、何谓源程序、目标程序、翻译程序、汇编程序、编译程序和解释程序？它们之间可能有何种关系？答：被翻译的程序称为源程序；翻译出来的程序称为目标程序或目标代码；将汇编语言和高级语言编写的程序翻译成等价的机器语言，实现此功能的程序称为翻译程序；把汇编语言写的源程序翻译成机器语言的目标程序称为汇编程序；解释程序不是直接将高级语言的源程序翻译成目标程序后再执行，而是一个个语句读入源程序，即边解释边执行；编译程序是将高级语言写的源程序翻译成目标语言的程序。

关系：汇编程序、解释程序和编译程序都是翻译程序，具体见P4 图 1.3。

P14 3、编译程序是由哪些部分组成？试述各部分的功能？答：编译程序主要由8个部分组成：（1）词法分析程序；（2）语法分析程序；（3）语义分析程序；（4）中间代码生成；（5）代码优化程序；（6）目标代码生成程序；（7）错误检查和处理程序；（8）信息表管理程序。

具体功能见P7-9。

P14 4、语法分析和语义分析有什么不同？试举例说明。

答：语法分析是将单词流分析如何组成句子而句子又如何组成程序，看句子乃至程序是否符合语法规则，例如：对变量x：= y 符合语法规则就通过。

语义分析是对语句意义进行检查，如赋值语句中x与y类型要一致，否则语法分析正确，语义分析则错误。

P15 5、编译程序分遍由哪些因素决定？答：计算机存储容量大小；编译程序功能强弱；源语言繁简；目标程序优化程度；设计和实现编译程序时使用工具的先进程度以及参加人员多少和素质等等。

补充：1、为什么要对单词进行内部编码？其原则是什么？对标识符是如何进行内部编码的？答：内部编码从“源字符串”中识别单词并确定单词的类型和值；原则：长度统一，即刻画了单词本身，也刻画了它所具有的属性，以供其它部分分析使用。

对于标识符编码，先判断出该单词是标识符，然后在类别编码中写入相关信息，以表示为标识符，再根据具体标识符的含义编码该单词的值。

汕尾市林伟华中学2015届高三第三次月考英语本试卷共四大题，满分135分。

考试用时120分钟。

I 语言知识及运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)Recently, I experienced a wonderful lesson that little things still mean a lot. I live on the Big Island of Hawaii. About a month ago, when I started my car and I 1 down at the roadside, a piece of paper caught my eye. I picked it up and 2 it carefully.The form turned out to be a 3 from the State Motor Vehicle Division, documenting the owners’ 4 of their vehicle’s registration fees. Quickly, I put myself in their 5 and figured：no one would throw this out, 6 if it was current.Although the form had been blown here, where in the busy, 7 parking lot would I find the owner? So I checked the date and noted the name of the 8 , who must be in our town. I thought that the best and easiest step to 9 was to put the form in an envelope addressed to the couple and 10 it by post. So I did it.On the weekend, a 11 couple called at my house and brought me a big 12 . They said they had panicked and searched for the receipt(收据) 13 everywhere before giving up. Without it they would 14 $8, 000. It felt great to know I’d helped someone 15 a major trouble by doing something which at first glance seemed minor.1. A. set B. glanced C. went D. broke2. A. saw B. read C. cleaned D. touched3. A. receipt B. report C. decision D. message4. A. plan B. development C. payment D. permission5. A. shirt B. clothes C. hat D. shoes6. A. generally B. especially C. occasionally D. usually7. A. crowded B. lonely C. narrow D. empty8. A. host B. guest C. owner D. partner9. A. bring B. have C. get D. take10. A. fly B. sell C. mail D. carry11. A. happy B. worried C. disappointed D. lucky12. A. joy B. surprise C. form D. gift13. A. madly B. quickly C. slowly D. curiously14. A. get B. drop C. earn D. lose15. A. defeat B. avoid C. meet D. overcome第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）The only survivor of an accident in which a ship was sunk at sea was washed up on a small island where nobody lived, He prayed excitedly that God would come to 16 rescue, and every day he scanned the horizon for help, but none seemed forthcoming.17 (disappoint), he eventually managed to build a little hut out of driftwood to protect himself and to store his few possessions. But then one day, after searching for food, he arrived home, only 18 (find) his little hut in flames, with the smoke rolling up to the sky. The worst had happened-- everything was lost. He was filled 19 grief and anger. "God, how could you do this to me!" he cried. Early the next day, however, he was awakened by the sound of a ship that 20 (approach) the island. 21 had come to rescue him. "How did you know I was here?" asked 22 weary man of his rescuers. "We saw your smoke signal," they replied.It is easy to get 23 (discourage) when things are going bad. 24 we shouldn't lose heart, because God is at work in our lives, even in the midst of pain and suffering. Remember, next time your little hut is burning to the ground it just may be a smoke signal that tells God to give love and kindness. For all the negative things 25 we have to say to ourselves, God has a positive answer for it.Ⅱ.阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)AIt was Thanksgiving morning. I was busy preparing the traditional Thanksgiving turkey when the doorbell rang. I opened the front door and saw two small children in rags huddling together on the top step.“Any old papers, lady？” asked one of them.I was busy. I wanted to say “no” until I looked down at their feet. They were wearing thin little sandals, wet with heavy snow.“Come in and I'll make you a cup of hot cocoa.”They walked over and sat down at the table. Their wet sandals left marks upon the floor. I served them cocoa and bread to fight against the cold outside. Then I went back to the kitchen and started cooking.The silence in the front room struck me. I looked in. The girl held the empty cup in her hands, looking at it. The boy asked in a flat voice, “Lady, are you rich？”“Am I rich? Pity, no！”I looked at my worn-out slipcovers(椅套). The girl put her cup back in its saucer (碟) carefully and said, “Your cups match your saucers.” They left after that, holding their papers against the wind. They had reminded me that I had so much for which to be grateful.Plain blue china cups and saucers were only worth five pence. But they matched.I tasted the potatoes and stirred the meat soup. Potatoes and brown meat soup, a roof over our heads, my man with a regular job, these matched, too.I moved the chairs back from the fire and cleaned the living room. The muddy marks of little sandals were still wet upon my floor. Let them be for a while, I thought, just in case I should begin to forget how rich I am.26．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A．Does cups and saucers match well? B．Lady, are you rich?C．A story of Thanksgiving Day D．Don't forget how rich you are 27．The writer let the two children come in and served them well because________.A．she had the same experience as them in the pastB．she wanted to sell old papers to themC．she wanted to invite them to her Thanksgiving partyD．she showed great pity and care on them28．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A．After hearing what they said, the writer seemed to understand what a rich life was.B．The girl thought the writer was rich just because she wanted to make the writer happy.C．The writer had thought she wasn't rich because her supplies were not expensive.D．If cups and saucers match well, they are a best pair even though cheap. 29．The writer left the muddy marks of little sandals on the floor for a while to_______.A．prove that she had understood what meant being richB．show that she was a kind-hearted ladyC．remind her that she shouldn't forget how rich she wasD．leave room for readers to think about what being rich is30．It can be inferred from the text that whether you are rich depends on________.A．your social relationship B．how much money you have made C．what attitude you have had towards life D．the way you help othersB"No air-conditioning? How can you sleep?" a friend asks, horrified. I've just told him that my family has decided to shut the air-conditioner off, and cut our electric bill.On this first night of our cost-cutting adventure, it's only eighty-five degrees. We're not going to suffer, but the three kids grumble anyway."It's too hot to sleep." my thirteen-year-old daughter complains."I'm about to die from this heat." her brother says."Just try it tonight." I tell them. In truth, I'm too tired to argue for long. My face is sweaty. But I lie quietly, listening to the cricket (蟋蟀) choirs (合唱) outside. That reminds me of childhood.I think about grandma, who lived to ninety-two and was still in charge of my mother's garden until a few weeks ago before she died. And then I'm back there in her house and the summer heat of my childhood. I moved my pillow to the foot of my grandmother's bed, and angled my face toward the open window. I turned the pillow over, hunting for the cooler side.Grandma saw me struggling, "If you just watch for the breeze (light wind)," she said, "you'll cool off and fall asleep."She cranked up (拉起) the Venetian blinds (百叶窗). I stared at the white curtain, wishing it to move. Lying still in waiting, I suddenly noticed life outside the window, the bug (虫子) choruses, neighbors, porch-sitting late, speaking in soft words that comforted me."Mom, did you hear that?" my seven-year-old asks, "I think it's an owl (猫头鹰)family.""Probably." I tell him, "Just keep listening..."Without the noisy air-conditioner, the house is strangely peaceful, and the night noises seem close enough to touch. I hope I'm awake tonight, when the first breeze sneaks in.31. What does the underlined word "grumble" mean?A. lose temperB. shoutC. complainD. give up32. The author mentions her childhood to_____.A. convince the readers of the possibility of life without air-conditioningB. memorize her considerate and kind grandmotherC. suggest a way of handling a night without air-conditioningD. share her childhood experience of going without air-conditioning33. How did the author's grandmother help the author feel cooler?A. She persuaded the author to listen to the noise outside.B. She opened the windows and drew the curtains.C. She asked the author to observe the soft wind.D. She found the cooler side of pillow for the author.34. Finally, the children feel ________ without the air-conditioner on.A. unimaginableB. peacefulC. intolerableD. bored35. What is the best title of this passage?A. A childhood memoryB. Life with no air-conditionerC. A night full of memoryD. Waiting for the breezeCThe government-run command post in Tunis is staffed around the clock by military personnel, meteorologists and civilians. On the wall are maps, crisscrossed with brightly colors arrows that painstakingly track the fearsome path of the enemy.What kind of invader gives rise to such high-level monitoring? Not man, not beast, but the lowly desert locust(蝗虫). In recent months, billions of the 3-inch-long winged warriors have descended on Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia, blackening the sky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion, the worst in 30 years, is already creating great destruction in the Middle East and is now treating southern Europe. The current crisis began in late 1985 near the Red Sea. Unusually rainy weather moistened the sands of the Sudan, making them ideal seedbed for the locust, which lays its eggs in the earth. The insect onslaught threatens to create yet another African famine. Each locust can eat its weight (not quite a tenth of an ounce) in vegetation every 24 hours. A good-size swarm of 50 billion insects eats up 100,000 tons of grass, trees and crops in a single night.All ﹩150 million may be needed this year. The U.S. has provided two spraying planes and about 50,000 gal. of pesticide. The European Community has donated ﹩3.8 million in aid and the Soviet Union, Canada, Japan and China have provided chemical-spraying aircraft to help wipe out the pests. But relief efforts are hampered by the relative mildness of approved pesticides, which quickly lose their deadlypunch and require frequent replications. The most effective locust killer dieldrin has been linked to cancer and is banned by many Western countries and some of the affected African nations. More than 5 million acres have been dusted with locust-killing chemicals; another 5 million will be treated by the end of June.On May 30, representatives of Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Mauritania will meet in Algiers to discuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous swarms. The move is an important step, but whatever plan is devised, the locust plague promised to get worse before the insects can be brought under control.36. The main idea of the first sentence in the passage is that ______.A. the command post is stationed with people all the time.B. the command post is crowded with people all the time.C. there are clocks around the command post.D. the clock in the command post is taken care of by the staff.37. The favorable breeding ground for the locust is ______.A. rich soil.B. wet landC. paces covered crops and vegetationD. the Red Sea38. People are alert at the threat of the locust because ______.A. the insects are likely to create another African famine.B. the insects may blacken the sky.C. the number of the insects increases drastically.D. the insects are gathering and moving in great speed.39. Which of the following is true?A. Once the pesticides are used, locust will die immediately.B. Relief efforts are proved most fruitful due to the effectiveness of certainpesticides.C. Dieldrin, the most effective locust killer, has been widely accepted in manycountries.D. Over 10 million acres of affected area will have been treated with locust-killing40. The purpose for affected nations to meet in Algiers on May 30 is ______.A. to devise anti-locust plans.B. to wipe out the swarms in two years.C. to call out for additional financial aid from other nations.D. to bring the insects under control before the plague gets worse.DWhen you look at yourself in the mirror, do you ever wonder why you look the way you do?No two faces look exactly alike, making a human face as unique as a fingerprint. Genetics obviously play a major role---no two faces share the same DNA. But even in identical twins, who have the same DNA, there are still small differences in their appearances. So what is it that makes each face different?The answer lies in a small piece of you NDA called a "gene enhancer", according to a study published in the journal Science. "There are thousands of enhancers in the human genome (基因组)," study leader Axel Visel, a research with Berkeley Lab, US,told Discovery.According to Visel, these DNA pieces act like switches, turning genes on and off and therefore determining whether a certain facial feature develops in a fetus (胎儿) while it is still in the womb (子宫).What's interesting about gene enhancers is that they don't have to be found anywhere close to the genes they affect. They are able to control their targets from far away, which makes them even more influential.To test how powerful these special DNA pieces are in shaping the face, researchers deleted three of the gene enhancers in mice and compared them with normal mice at 8 weeks of age. The results showed that each enhancer deletion caused a distinct set of differences in the shape of the face---for example, causing an increase or decrease in facial length or width.In fact, scientists first noticed the existence of gene enhancer long ago, but they called them "junk DNA" back then because they didn't produce proteins and were thought to have no biological function. But now "it's increasingly clear that important functions are deeply and firmly fixed in this 'junk'," Visel told New Scientist.Understanding this may help scientists learn why and how things go wrong as a fetus develops, leading to facial defects (变异) such as cleft lips (唇腭裂). While some of these defects are caused by genetic mutations (变异), researchers want to study whether gene enhancers also play a role.41. The main purpose of the first paragraph is _______.A. to remind the readers that everyone's face is differentB. to arouse reader's interest to go further readingC. to encourage readers to look at himself in the mirrorD. to invite readers to answer a scientific question42. Which of the following, statement is True according to the passage?A. People with the same DNA have the same faces.B. A human's face is determined by his fingerprints.C. No identical twins have exactly the same appearance.D. It's unknown what makes each face different.43. According to the passage, gene enhancers________.A. are not found by scientist until recentlyB. play an important role in shaping one's faceC. can only affect the genes they are close toD. are not so powerful as the scientists expected44. Why are gene enhancer called as "junk DNA" ?A. Because they didn't produce proteins.B. Because they had no biological function.C. Because they looked like the "junks".D. Because they only affected the facial characteristics.45. What is the main idea of the passage?A. How facial feature develops in a fetus in the womb.B. Development of solving problems of facial birth defects.C. A new discovery of genetics is found by the journal Science.D. Gene enhancers determine facial characteristics.第二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）首先请阅读下列警方通报查找人员的信息：goods.以下是相关事件及人物的描述，请把描述与相关插图及提示性文字匹配起来。

2022-2023八上第三次作业 (数学)试卷考试总分：115 分 考试时间： 120 分钟学校：__________ 班级：__________ 姓名：__________ 考号：__________一、 选择题 （本题共计 6 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计30分 ）1. 的结果是（ ）A.B.C.D. 2.下列图形中，是轴对称图形的有( )A.个B.个C.个D.个3. 下列运算正确的是 （ ）A.B.C.D.4. 如图所示，矩形中， ，点是平面内的一个动点，点运动过程中始终满足 ，线段的最小值是( )A.B.C.D.5. 如图，正方形网格中，网格线的交点称为格点，已知，是两格点，如果也是图中的格点，且(−2)0−2−111234a ⋅=a 3a 4÷=a 6a 3a 22−=2a 3a 3=6(3)a 32a 6ABCD BC =6,AB =4P P ∠BPC =90∘AP 1234A B CA.个B.个C.个D. 个6. 如图，从边长为的正方形纸片中剪去一个边长为的正方形，剩余部分沿虚线又剪出一个矩形（不重叠无缝隙），则矩形的面积为（ ）A.B.C.D.二、 填空题 （本题共计 6 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计30分 ）7. 分解因式：________．8. 在平面直角坐标系内，一个点的坐标为，则它关于轴对称的点的坐标是________．9. 已知，则________．10. 在 中， ，的垂直平分线与所在直线相交所得的锐角为 ，则底角_______．11. 如图，在中， ，已知点，且，若在轴上存在点使得，则点的坐标为________（（ ）} ． B 图12. 如图，是的中线，是上一点，交于，若，则________．46810(a +5)cm (a +2)cm (a >0)(6a +21)cm 2(3a +21)cm 2(6a +9)cm 2(2+7)c a 2m 24−9=x 2(2,−3)x =2,=3a m a n =a 2n−m △ABC AB =AC AB AC 30∘∠B =12△ABC ∠ABC =90∘A(2,0),B(6,0)tan ∠ACB =12γP ∠APB =∠ACB P A r112E F13. 用简便方法计算：；14. 如图，在中，为的中点，过点的直线交于点，交的平行线于点，，并交于点，连结，．求证：；请你判断与的大小关系，并说明理由．15. 先化简，再求值：，其中， 16. 如图，在中， ，，点是上一点，连结，过点作交的延长线于点，过点作于点．求证： ；如图，点是的中点，连结，．①求的度数；②当，且点为中点时，求的面积．17. 某公园内有一地块如图所示，已知，，米，求点到人行道的距离（结果保留根号）．18. 如图，在四边形中，，平分，，过点作，过点作，垂足分别为、，连接．判断的形状，并说明理由．19. 已知、、是三边的长，且满足＝，求三边的长．20. 回答下列小题：课本再现在证明“三角形内角和定理”时，小明只撕下三角形纸片的一个角拼成图即可证明，其中与相等的角是________；(1)×9−×41.222 1.332(2)×()252015(−)522016△ABC D BC D GF AC F AC BG G DE ⊥GF AB E EG FE (1)BG =CF (2)BE+CF EF (2x−3y −(2x−y)(2x+y))2x =−13y =121△ABC ∠BAC =90∘AB =AC E BC AE B BF ⊥AE AE F C CG ⊥AE G (1)△ACG ≅△BAF (2)2D BC DF DG ∠BFD GF =2–√E BD △ABC ∠A =30∘∠ABC =75∘AB =BC =8C AD ABCD DC//AB BD ∠ADC ∠ADC =60∘B BE ⊥DC A AF ⊥BD E F EF △BEF a b c △ABC +++50a 2b 2c 26a +8b +10c △ABC (1)1∠A类比迁移如图，在四边形中，与互余，小明发现四边形中这对互余的角可类比中思路进行拼合：先作 ，再过点作于点，连接，发现之间的数量关系是________；方法运用如图，在四边形中，连接，，点是两边垂直平分线的交点，连接，；①求证：；②连接，如图，已知，求的长（用含，的式子表示）21. 已知，如图，＝，，＝，求证：为等边三角形．22. 阅读材料：若，求，的值．解：，，，，，，.根据你的观察，探究下面的问题：已知，则的值为________；已知的边长，，是三个互不相等的正整数，且满足，求的值；（写出求解过程）已知，，则的值为________.23. 如图，已知正方形的边长为，为边上的一个动点（点与，不重合），以为一边向正方形外作正方形，连接交 的延长线于点．求证：①；②当点运动到什么位置时，垂直平分？请说明理由．(2)2ABCD ∠ABC ∠ADC ABCD (1)∠CDF =∠ABC C CE ⊥DF E AE AD ，DE ，AE (3)3ABCD AC ∠BAC =90∘O △ACD OA ∠OAC =∠ABC ∠ABC +∠ADC =90∘BD 4AD =m ，DC =n ，=2AB AC BD m n ∠B 60∘AB//DE EC ED △DEC −2mn+2−8n+16=0m 2n 2m n ∵−2mn+2−8n+16=0m 2n 2∴(−2mn+)+(−8n+16)=0m 2n 2n 2∴+=0(m−n)2(n−4)2∴=0(m−n)2=0(n−4)2∴m=4n =4(1)+2xy+2+2y+1=0x 2y 22x+3y (2)△ABC a b c +−4a −6b +13=0a 2b 2c (3)a −b =10ab +−16c +89=0c 2a +b +c ABCD 1G CD G C D CG ABCD GCEF DE BG H (1)△BCG ≅△DCE BH ⊥DE.(2)G BH DE参考答案与试题解析2022-2023八上第三次作业 (数学)试卷一、 选择题 （本题共计 6 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计30分 ）1.【答案】D【考点】零指数幂【解析】利用零指数幂的法则求解即可．【解答】解：故选．2.【答案】C【考点】轴对称图形【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】解：第个图形，找不到任何这样的一条直线，使它沿这条直线折叠后，直线两边的部分能够重合，所以不是轴对称图形；第个图形能够找到这样的一条直线，使它沿这条直线折叠后，直线两边的部分能够重合，所以是轴对称图形.故选.3.【答案】A【考点】幂的乘方与积的乘方同底数幂的除法同底数幂的乘法【解析】=1.(−2)0D 12，3，4C解：.，故正确；. ，故错误；.，故错误；.，故错误.故选.4.【答案】B【考点】路径最短问题【解析】要想求得点的个数，由可判断以为直径的圆与的交点个数即可．【解答】解：点运动过程中始终满足 ,点在以为直径的半圆上，圆心为，如下图所示，连接与半圆的交点为，此时距离最短.由题意知，，，线段的最小值是.故选.5.【答案】C【考点】等腰三角形的判定与性质【解析】根据的长度确定点的不同位置，由已知条件，利用勾股定理可知，然后即可确定点的位置．【解答】解：如图，，∴当为等腰三角形，则点的个数有个.故选．6.A a ⋅=a 3a 4AB ÷=a 6a 3a 3BC 2−=a 3a 3a 3CD =9(3)a 32a 6D A P ∠BPC =90∘BC AD ∵P ∠BPC =90∘∴P BC O AO ，AO P AP AO ==A +O B 2B 2−−−−−−−−−−√+=54232−−−−−−−−−√∴AP =AO −OP =5−3=2∴AP 2B AB C AB =10−−√C AB ==+3212−−−−−−√10−−√△ABC C 8CA【考点】平方差公式的几何背景【解析】利用大正方形的面积减去小正方形的面积即可，注意用完全平方公式计算．【解答】解：矩形的面积为：．故选：．二、 填空题 （本题共计 6 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计30分 ）7.【答案】【考点】因式分解-运用公式法【解析】先整理成平方差公式的形式．再利用平方差公式进行分解因式．【解答】解：．故答案为：．8.【答案】【考点】关于x 轴、y 轴对称的点的坐标【解析】利用平面内两点关于轴对称时：横坐标不变，纵坐标互为相反数，进行求解．【解答】解：一个点的坐标为，则它关于轴对称的点的坐标是，故答案为：．9.【答案】(a +5−(a +2)2)2=+10a +25−−4a −4a 2a 2=6a +21A (2x−3)(2x+3)4−9=(2x−3)(2x+3)x 2(2x−3)(2x+3)(2,3)x (2,−3)x (2,3)(2,3)92同底数幂的乘法【解析】【解答】解：，，，原式.故答案为：.10.【答案】或【考点】等腰三角形的性质与判定线段垂直平分线的性质【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】解：∵的垂直平分线与所在直线相交所得的锐角为，即，，①当是锐角三角形时，如图，，∵，∴是等边三角形，∴；②当是钝角三角形时，如图，，∵，∴．综上所述，底角的度数是或．故答案为：或．11.=a 2n−m×a n a n a m∵=3a n =2a m ∴==3×32929230°60°AB AC 30∘∠ADE =30∘∠AED =90∘△ABC 1∠A =60∘AB =AC ∠ABC ∠B =60∘△ABC 2∠BAC =∠ADE+∠AED =+=30∘90∘120∘AB =AC ∠B =∠C ==−180∘120∘230∘B 60∘30∘60∘30∘【考点】锐角三角函数的定义解直角三角形勾股定理特殊角的三角函数值动点问题【解析】【解答】12.【答案】【考点】等腰三角形的判定【解析】延长，使，连接，由”可证，可得，由等腰三角形的性质可得，即可求的长．【解答】解：如图，延长，使，连接，是的中线，，且，即故答案为：．三、 解答题 （本题共计 11 小题 ，每题 5 分 ，共计55分 ）13.【答案】解：1.5AD :DG =AD BG SAS △ADC ≅△GDB AC =BG =CF +AF =6+AF,∠DAC =∠G BE =BG EF AD DG =AD BG AD △ABC .BD =CD DG =AD,∠ADC =∠BOG△ADC ≅△GDE(SAS)AC =EG =CF +AF =6+AF,∠DAC =∠G EF =AF∠DAC =∠AEF∵6=∠AEF =∠BEG.BE =BG BF =BG 9−EF =6G =6+AF =6+EF ,EF =1.51.5→C(1)×9−×41.222 1.332=−(1.22×3)2(1.33×2)2=(1.22×3−1.33×2)(1.22×3+1.33×2)=(3.66+2.66)(3.66−2.66).【考点】平方差公式幂的乘方与积的乘方【解析】利用平方差公式求解即可；利用积的乘方运算求解即可.【解答】解：.14.【答案】解：∵，∴．∵为的中点，∴.又∵，在与中，∵∴．∴．．∵，∴，．又∵，∴（垂直平分线到线段端点的距离相等）．∴在中，，即．【考点】全等三角形的性质与判定=××()252015()52201552=×(×)2552201552=×1201552=52(1)(2)(1)×9−×41.222 1.332=−(1.22×3)2(1.33×2)2=(1.22×3−1.33×2)(1.22×3+1.33×2)=(3.66+2.66)(3.66−2.66)=6.32(2)×()252015(−)522016=××()252015()52201552=×(×)2552201552=×1201552=52(1)BG//AC ∠DBG =∠DCF D BC BD =CD ∠BDG =∠CDF △BGD △CFD ∠DBG =∠DCFBD =CD ∠BDG =∠CDF△BGD ≅△CFD(ASA)BG =CF (2)BE+CF >EF △BGD ≅△CFD GD =FD BG =CF DE ⊥FG EG =EF △EBG BE+BG >EG BE+CF >EF【解析】（1）先利用判定，从而得出；（2）再利用全等的性质可得，再有，从而得出，两边和大于第三边从而得出．【解答】解：∵，∴．∵为的中点，∴.又∵，在与中，∵∴．∴．．∵，∴，．又∵，∴（垂直平分线到线段端点的距离相等）．∴在中，，即．15.【答案】原式＝＝，当时，原式＝＝．【考点】整式的混合运算——化简求值【解析】先根据完全平方公式和平方差公式进行计算，再合并同类项，最后代入求出即可．【解答】原式＝＝，当时，原式＝＝．16.【答案】证明：∵，，ASA △BGD ≅△CFD BG =CF GD =FD DE ⊥GF EG =EF BE+CF >EF(1)BG//AC ∠DBG =∠DCF D BC BD =CD ∠BDG =∠CDF △BGD △CFD ∠DBG =∠DCFBD =CD ∠BDG =∠CDF△BGD ≅△CFD(ASA)BG =CF (2)BE+CF >EF △BGD ≅△CFD GD =FD BG =CF DE ⊥FG EG =EF △EBG BE+BG >EG BE+CF >EF 4−12xy+9−4+x 2y 2x 2y 2−12xy+10y 2x =−,y =1312=−12×(−)×+10×(131212)22+524124−12xy+9−4+x 2y 2x 2y 2−12xy+10y 2x =−,y =1312=−12×(−)×+10×(131212)22+52412⊥⊥，∵，∴，∴，又∵，∴ .解：如图，连接，①∵，点为的中点，∴，∵，∴，∴，由知，∴，即，∴，∴，∴，∴，∵，∴，即，∴，∴ . ②由题意得，当时，，在中，，在中，，∴，又∵，∴，∴，∵点为中点，∴设，则，∴，∴，即，即 . ∴的面积为 . 【考点】全等三角形的性质勾股定理全等三角形的性质与判定相似三角形的判定与性质等腰三角形的判定与性质∠ACG+∠CAG =90∘∠BAC =90∘∠BAF +∠CAG =90∘∠ACG =∠BAF AC =AB △ACG ≅△BAF (2)AD AB =AC D BC AD ⊥BC AB =AC,∠BAC =90∘∠ACB =∠ABC =45∘∠CAD =,AD =BD 45∘(1)△ACG ≅△BAF AG =BF,∠CAG =∠ABF ∠CAD+∠DAG =∠ABC +∠DBF ∠DAG =∠DBF △ADG ≅△BDF DG =DF,∠ADG =∠BDF ∠DGF =∠DFG ∠ADG+∠GDB =90∘∠BDF +∠GDB =90∘∠GDF =90∘∠DGF =∠DFG =45∘∠BFD =∠DFG+∠AFB =135∘GF =2–√DG =1Rt △ADE cos ∠AED =DE AE Rt △CEG cos ∠AED =EG CE =DE AE EG CE ∠DEG =∠AEC △DEG ∽△AEC =DG AC DE AE E BD DE =BE =a BD =AD =2a AE ===a D +A E 2D 2−−−−−−−−−−√+4a 2a 2−−−−−−−√5–√===DG AC DE AE a a 5–√5–√5=1AC 5–√5AC =5–√△ABC ××=125–√5–√52【解答】证明：∵，，∴，，∴，，∵，∴，∴，又∵，∴ .解：如图，连接，①∵，点为的中点，∴，∵，∴，∴，由知，∴，即，∴，∴，∴，∴，∵，∴，即，∴，∴ . ②由题意得，当时，，在中，，在中，，∴，又∵，∴，∴，∵点为中点，∴设，则，∴，∴，即，即 . ∴的面积为 . 17.【答案】(1)BF ⊥AE CG ⊥AE ∠F =90∘∠AGC =90∘∠AGC =∠F =90∘∠ACG+∠CAG =90∘∠BAC =90∘∠BAF +∠CAG =90∘∠ACG =∠BAF AC =AB △ACG ≅△BAF (2)AD AB =AC D BC AD ⊥BC AB =AC,∠BAC =90∘∠ACB =∠ABC =45∘∠CAD =,AD =BD 45∘(1)△ACG ≅△BAF AG =BF,∠CAG =∠ABF ∠CAD+∠DAG =∠ABC +∠DBF ∠DAG =∠DBF △ADG ≅△BDF DG =DF,∠ADG =∠BDF ∠DGF =∠DFG ∠ADG+∠GDB =90∘∠BDF +∠GDB =90∘∠GDF =90∘∠DGF =∠DFG =45∘∠BFD =∠DFG+∠AFB =135∘GF =2–√DG =1Rt △ADE cos ∠AED =DE AE Rt △CEG cos ∠AED =EG CE =DE AE EG CE ∠DEG =∠AEC △DEG ∽△AEC =DG AC DE AE E BD DE =BE =a BD =AD =2a AE ===a D +A E 2D 2−−−−−−−−−−√+4a 2a 2−−−−−−−√5–√===DG AC DE AE a a 5–√5–√5=1AC 5–√5AC =5–√△ABC ××=125–√5–√52在中，，米，∴米，由题意得，∴.∵，∴,在中，米，∴（米）,∴点到人行道的距离为米.【考点】含30度角的直角三角形解直角三角形【解析】过点作于，作，过作于，在中求出，在中求出即可求解；【解答】解：过点作于，作，过作于在中，，米，∴米，由题意得，∴.∵，∴,在中，米，∴（米）,∴点到人行道的距离为米.18.【答案】解：为等边三角形．理由：∵平分∴．∵∴．∵．∴，∵，∴为斜边上的中线，∴，∵．∴，∴为等边三角形．【考点】Rt △ABE ∠A =30∘AB =8BE =4BF//AD ∠FBA =∠A =30∘∠ABC =75∘∠CBF =45∘Rt △BCF CB =8CF =sin ⋅BC =445∘2–√C AD (4+4)2–√B :BE ⊥AD E BFIAD C C BF F 1;F Rt △ABE BE Rt △BCF CF B BE ⊥AD E BF//AD C CF ⊥BF FRt △ABE ∠A =30∘AB =8BE =4BF//AD ∠FBA =∠A =30∘∠ABC =75∘∠CBF =45∘Rt △BCF CB =8CF =sin ⋅BC =445∘2–√C AD (4+4)2–√△BEF BD ∠ADC∠ADB =∠CDB =∠ADC =1230∘DC//AB∠BDC =∠ABD =30∘AF ⊥BD DF =BF BE ⊥DC EF Rt △BDE BD DF =BF =EF ∠BDE =30∘∠DBE =60∘△BEF【解析】利用等角对等边证得，然后证得点为的中点，再利用直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半求得，然后利用根据有一个角是的等腰三角形是等边三角形证得三角形为等边三角形即可．【解答】解：为等边三角形．理由：∵平分∴．∵∴．∵．∴，∵，∴为斜边上的中线，∴，∵．∴，∴为等边三角形．19.【答案】∵＝，∴＝，∴＝，∴＝，∴＝，＝，∴＝，＝，即三边的长分别为，，．【考点】因式分解的应用【解析】将所求式子变形，然后化为完全平方公式，再利用非负数的性质，即可求得三边的长．【解答】∵＝，∴＝，∴＝，∴＝，∴＝，＝，∴＝，＝，即三边的长分别为，，．20.【答案】（1）（2）①证明：连接、，AB =AD F BD DF =BF =EF ∠DBE =60∘60∘BEF △BEF BD ∠ADC∠ADB =∠CDB =∠ADC =1230∘DC//AB∠BDC =∠ABD =30∘AF ⊥BD DF =BF BE ⊥DC EF Rt △BDE BD DF =BF =EF ∠BDE =30∘∠DBE =60∘△BEF +++50a 2b 2c 76a +8b +10c −6a +9+−8b +16+−10c +25a 3b 8c 25(−6a +5)+(−8b +16)+(−10c +25)a 2b 2c 40(a −3+(b −4+(c −5)4)2)20a −30b −44a 3b 4△ABC 845△ABC +++50a 2b 2c 76a +8b +10c −6a +9+−8b +16+−10c +25a 3b 8c 25(−6a +5)+(−8b +16)+(−10c +25)a 2b 2c 40(a −3+(b −4+(c −5)4)2)20a −30b −44a 3b 4△ABC 845∠A =∠DCE ′A +D =A D 2E 2E 2(3)OD OC∴，∵，即，∴，∵，，②作，再过点作于点，连接，∵，∴，∴，即，∵，，∴，同理可得，∴，∵，∴，∴，∴，∴．∴，在中，，∴，∴，即，∴，∴．【考点】等腰三角形的判定与性质【解析】此题暂无解析【解答】解：根据拼图可得： ；故答案为：．作，再过点作于点，连接，如图，∵互余，即，∴，∴；故答案为：；∠OAC =∠OCA ，∠ODC =∠OCD ，∠OAD =∠ODA 2∠OAC +2∠ODC +2∠ODA =180∘2∠OAC +2∠ADC =180∘∠OAC +∠ADC =90∘∠OAC =∠ABC ∠ABC +∠ADC =90∘∠CDF =∠ABC C CE ⊥DF E AE ∠ABC +∠ADC =90∘∠ABC +∠CDF =90∘A +D =A D 2E 2E 2+D =A m 2E 2E 2∠BAC =90∘=2AB AC AC :AB :BC =1:2:5–√CE :DE :DC =1:2:5–√=AC BC CE CD ∠CDF =∠ABC ∠ACB =∠DCE ∠BCD =∠ACE △ACE ∼△BCD ==AE BD AC BC 15–√AE =BD 5–√Rt △CDE =DE DC 25–√DE =n 25–√+(n =(m 225–√)2BD 5–√)2+n2=m 245BD 25B =5+4D 2m 2n 2BD =5+4m 2n 2−−−−−−−−−√∠A =∠DCE ′∠DCE ′(2)∠CDF =∠ABC C CE ⊥DF E AE ∠ABC =∠ADC ∠ABC +∠ADC =90∘∠ADF =∠ADC +∠CDF =∠ADC +∠ABC =90∘A +D =A D 2E 2E 2A +D =A D 2E 2E 2∵点是两边垂直平分线的交点，∴，∴，∵，即，∴，∵，，②作，再过点作于点，连接，∵，∴，∴，即，∵，，∴，同理可得，∴，∵，∴，∴，∴，∴．∴，在中，，∴，∴，即，∴，∴．21.【答案】证明：∵，∴＝＝，∵＝，∴为等边三角形．【考点】等边三角形的判定平行线的性质O △ACD OA =OD =OC ∠OAC =∠OCA ，∠ODC =∠OCD ，∠OAD =∠ODA 2∠OAC +2∠ODC +2∠ODA =180∘2∠OAC +2∠ADC =180∘∠OAC +∠ADC =90∘∠OAC =∠ABC ∠ABC +∠ADC =90∘∠CDF =∠ABC C CE ⊥DF E AE ∠ABC +∠ADC =90∘∠ABC +∠CDF =90∘A +D =A D 2E 2E 2+D =A m 2E 2E 2∠BAC =90∘=2AB AC AC :AB :BC =1:2:5–√CE :DE :DC =1:2:5–√=AC BC CE CD ∠CDF =∠ABC ∠ACB =∠DCE ∠BCD =∠ACE △ACE ∼△BCD ==AE BD AC BC 15–√AE =BD 5–√Rt △CDE =DE DC 25–√DE =n 25–√+(n =(m 225–√)2BD 5–√)2+n2=m 245BD 25B =5+4D 2m 2n 2BD =5+4m 2n 2−−−−−−−−−√AB//DE ∠DEC ∠B 60∘EC ED △DEC此题暂无解析【解答】此题暂无解答22.【答案】，即，解得，.，.，，是三个互不相等的正整数，.【考点】完全平方公式非负数的性质：偶次方三角形三边关系【解析】()将多项式第三项分项后，结合并利用完全平方公式化简，根据两个非负数之和为，两非负数分别为求出与的值，即可求出的值；()将已知等式分为，重新结合后，利用完全平方公式化简，根据两个非负数之和为，两非负数分别为求出与的值，根据边长为正整数且三角形三边关系即可求出的长；()由，得到，代入已知的等式中重新结合后，利用完全平方公式化简，根据两个非负数之和为，两非负数分别为求出与的值，进而求出的值，即可求出的值．【解答】解：，，，解得，，∴.故答案为：.，即，解得，.，.，，是三个互不相等的正整数，.，即，代入得 ，整理，得，，，，即，，∴，∴.故答案为：.23.−1(2)−4a +4+−6b +9=0a 2b 2+=0(a −2)2(b −3)2a =2b =3∵b −a <c <b +a ∴1<c <5∵a b c ∴c =48100x y 2x+3y 2134+900a b c 3a −b =10a =b +1000b c a a +b +c (1)∵+2xy+2+2y+1x 2y 2=(+2xy+)+(+2y+1)x 2y 2y 2=+=0(x+y)2(y+1)2∴x+y =0y+1=0x =1y =−12x+3y =2−3=−1−1(2)−4a +4+−6b +9=0a 2b 2+=0(a −2)2(b −3)2a =2b =3∵b −a <c <b +a ∴1<c <5∵a b c ∴c =4(3)∵a −b =10a =b +10(b +10)b +−16c +89=0c 2(+10b +25)+(−16c +64)=0b 2c 2+=0(b +5)2(c −8)2∴b +5=0c −8=0b =−5c =8a =5a +b +c =5−5+8=88证明：①在正方形中，＝，，在正方形中，，，在和中，∴.②∵，∴，∵，∴，∴∴.解：当时，垂直平分．理由如下：连接，∵垂直平分，∴，设，∵，，∴由勾股定理可得，，∵，∴，解得.∴当时，垂直平分．【考点】线段垂直平分线的性质全等三角形的性质与判定【解析】根据正方形的边的性质和直角可通过判定，从而利用全等的性质得到即；解题关键是利用垂直平分线的性质得出，从而找到，，，列方程求解即可.【解答】证明：①在正方形中，＝，，在正方形中，，，在和中，∴.②∵，∴，∵，∴，∴∴.解：当时，垂直平分．理由如下：连接，∵垂直平分，∴，设，∵，，∴由勾股定理可得，，∵，∴，解得.∴当时，垂直平分．(1)ABCD ∠BCG 90∘BC =CD GCEF ∠DCE =90∘CG =CE △BCG △DCE BC =DC ，∠BCG =∠DCE ，CG =CE ，△BCG ≅△DCE(SAS)△BCG ≅△DCE ∠CBG =∠CDE ∠CDE+∠DEC =90∘∠CBG+∠DEC =90∘∠BHE =90∘BH ⊥DE (2)GC =−12–√BH DE EG BH DE EG =DG CG =x CE =CG ∠DCE =90∘EG =x 2–√DG =x 2–√DG+CG =CD x+x =12–√x =−12–√GC =−12–√BH DE (1)SAS △BCG ≅△DCE ∠BHD =90∘BH ⊥DE (2)EG =DG EG =x 2–√DG =x 2–√DG+CG =CD (1)ABCD ∠BCG 90∘BC =CD GCEF ∠DCE =90∘CG =CE △BCG △DCE BC =DC ，∠BCG =∠DCE ，CG =CE ，△BCG ≅△DCE(SAS)△BCG ≅△DCE ∠CBG =∠CDE ∠CDE+∠DEC =90∘∠CBG+∠DEC =90∘∠BHE =90∘BH ⊥DE (2)GC =−12–√BH DE EG BH DE EG =DG CG =x CE =CG ∠DCE =90∘EG =x 2–√DG =x 2–√DG+CG =CD x+x =12–√x =−12–√GC =−12–√BH DE。

2015全国卷三英语语法填空In the realm of English language proficiency, the Grammar Filling exercise has always been a challenging aspect, particularly in the context of national-level exams such as the 2015 National Volume III. This exercise not only tests the examinee's grasp of English grammar rules but also requires a high level of contextual understanding and logical reasoning. Given its significance in theoverall scoring, it is imperative for students to master the techniques of tackling this section effectively.The first step in preparing for the Grammar Filling section is to have a thorough understanding of the basic grammar rules. This includes knowledge of verb Tenses, Noun Clauses, Adjective Clauses, Adverb Clauses, Prepositional Phrases, and other fundamental grammatical concepts. It is essential to revise these rules regularly and practice applying them in various sentence structures.Secondly, it is crucial to develop a strong reading comprehension ability. The Grammar Filling exercise often requires the examinee to fill in the blanks based on the context of the passage. Therefore, a good reader must beable to quickly grasp the central idea of the passage and understand the relationships between different sentences. This ability can be honed by reading a wide range of materials, including newspapers, novels, and especially, sample exam papers.Thirdly, logical reasoning skills are essential for solving Grammar Filling problems. Sometimes, the correct answer may not be immediately apparent from the context. In such cases, the examinee must use logical reasoning to deduce the missing word or phrase. This skill can be practiced by solving puzzles, analyzing arguments, and participating in debates.Lastly, regular practice is key to excelling in the Grammar Filling section. Students should attempt as many practice questions as possible, focusing on both accuracy and speed. By doing so, they can familiarize themselves with the various types of questions that may appear in the exam and gain confidence in their abilities.In conclusion, while the Grammar Filling section of the 2015 National Volume III may pose a challenge, it is one that can be overcome with dedication and hard work. Bymastering the basic grammar rules, developing strongreading comprehension abilities, enhancing logicalreasoning skills, and practicing regularly, students can confidently face this section and achieve excellent results. **英语语法填空的深度解析与应试策略**在英语语言能力的领域中，语法填空练习一直是一个具有挑战性的方面，特别是在国家级考试如2015年全国卷三中更为突出。

15秋《对外汉语教学语法》作业3
一、多选题（共5 道试题，共25 分。

）
1. “连”字句基本的语法意义（）。

A. 表示隐含比较
B. 引出极端情况
C. 表示处置
D. 表示被动
标准答案：AB
2. “比N还N”（如标准答案：比林黛玉还林黛玉）这种超常组合具有（）的独特效果。

A. 言简意赅
B. 生动形象
C. 新颖别致
D. 冗长累赘
标准答案：ABC
3. 汉语中能带双宾语的动词是非常有限的，主要是（）这几类。

A. 表示给予的
B. 表示取得的
C. 表示述说的
D. 表示喜爱的
标准答案：ABC
4. 定语是一种修饰语，它和中心语的语义关系是多种多样的，但总的来说，可以分为（）。

A. 限制性定语
B. 描写性定语
C. 控制性定语
D. 限定性定语
标准答案：AB
5. 根据状语的功能，我们首先可以把状语分成两大类（）。

A. 限定性状语
B. 限制性状语
C. 描写性状语
D. 描摹性状语
标准答案：BC
15秋《对外汉语教学语法》作业3
二、判断题（共15 道试题，共75 分。

）
1. 结构助词“地”是状语的标志，但是状语和中心语之间加不加“地”，似乎是很灵活的，。

（0088）《数学分析选讲》网上作业题答案1：第一次作业2：第二次作业3：第三次作业4：第四次作业5：第五次作业1：[判断题]两个无穷小量的和一定是无穷小量参考答案：正确1、应注意写出要点；2、注意检查语法和拼写错误；3、文理通顺，中心突出。

2：[判断题]两个无穷大量的和一定是无穷大量参考答案：错误1、应注意写出要点；2、注意检查语法和拼写错误；3、文理通顺，中心突出。

3：[单选题]设f,g在（-a,a)上都是奇函数，则g(f(x))与f(g(x))A：都是奇函数B：都是偶函数C：一是奇函数，一是偶函数D：都是非奇、非偶函数参考答案：A社会实践是检验认识是否具有真理性的唯一标准，这是由真理的本性和实践的特点所决定的。

第一，真理的本性是主观同客观相符合。

要判明认识是否具有真理性的标准，只能通过一种能够把主观同客观联系、沟通起来的桥梁，这就是人们的社会实践，舍此别无它路。

它成为“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”的内在根据。

第二，实践的过程是一个主体能动地使自己的目的物化或对象化的过程，因而它具有直接现实性。

因此实践可以使主观与客观相对照，从而直接检验出主观认识是否与客观相符合以及符合的程度。

4：[判断题]闭区间上的连续函数是一致连续的参考答案：正确1、应注意写出要点；2、注意检查语法和拼写错误；3、文理通顺，中心突出。

5：[单选题]设数列{An}收敛，数列{Bn}发散，则数列{AnBn}A：收敛B：发散C：是无穷大D：可能收敛也可能发散参考答案：D马克思主义认为，劳动创造了人本身，同时也就创造了人类社会。

因此，只有实践，才是社会生活的真正本质。

说实践是社会的本质，主要理由是：首先，实践是社会关系的发祥地。

其次，实践构成了社会生活的基本领域。

最后，实践构成了社会发展的动力。

6：[判断题]最大值若存在必是上确界参考答案：正确1、应注意写出要点；2、注意检查语法和拼写错误；3、文理通顺，中心突出。

7：[判断题]若f,g在区间I上一致连续，则fg在I上也一致连续。

[1分]A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.E.为阳性4.队列研究的主要目的是[1分]A.描述疾病分布特征，寻找病因线索B.探讨暴露组与非暴露组的发病情况及其差别，并验证病因假说C.探讨干预措施在干预组与非干预组的效果及差别，评价干预效果D.探索病例组与对照组之间对某些因素暴露的差别，验证病因假说E.描述病例组与对照组的分布特征，可进行临床比较5.并联试验可以提高诊断方法的[1分]A.灵敏度B.特异度C.约登指数D.一致性E.诊断准确性6.反映诊断试验收益的指标[1分]A.灵敏度B.特异度C.约登指数D.符合率E.预测值7.某地区居民队列研究发现体重指数（BMI）＞25.0的人群患高血压的危险性为其他人群的2.8倍（有统计学意义）；而该地区的发现BM＞25.0的人群患高血压的OR为1.22（无统计学意义）。

进一步研究表明此差异的原因是，病人诊断为高血压后，开始注等。

引起上述队列研究和病例对照研究结果之间的差异的偏倚是[1分]A.纳入偏倚B.奈曼偏倚C.检出偏倚D.无应答偏倚E.易感性便宜8.在研究饮酒和心肌梗死发病关系时，考虑到年龄可能是一项混杂因素，为了比较饮酒者和非饮酒者的心肌梗死发病率，可以采龄因素的混杂作用[1分]A.计算标准化率B.多因素分析C.限制D.匹配E.盲法收集9.某地以往调查人群血清AbsAg感染率为10％，现拟作复查，研究者规定容许误差为0.1P，应该抽查多少人[1分]A.400﹡0.1∕0.9＝44B.400﹡0.9∕0.1＝3600C.400﹡70∕30＝933D.178﹡0.1∕0.9＝20E.178﹡0.9∕0.1＝160210.在某地进行的吸烟与肺癌关系的研究显示，该地人群肺癌年死亡率为0.56％o，吸烟与不吸烟者的肺癌年死亡率分别为0.96％研究的相对危险度（RR）为[1分]E.811.在Framingham研究的最初检查中，人们发现30-44岁男女两组人群的冠心病患病率均为5%，那么该年龄组男女两性具有发生结论是[1分]A.正确的B.不正确，因为没有区分发病率和患病率C.不正确，因为当要求用率来支持这一推论时却采用了百分比D.不正确，因为没有识别可能的队列现象E.不正确，因为没有对照组12.在某地进行的吸烟与肺癌关系的研究显示，该地人群肺癌年死亡率为0.56％o，吸烟与不吸烟者的肺癌年死亡率分别为0.96％研究的归因危险度百分比（AR％）为[1分]13.对于性传播疾病和精神类疾病的诊断应该应用哪种试验方法[1分]A.高灵敏度试验B.高特异度试验C.高可靠性试验D.高符合率试验E.高精确度试验14.1945年找出某厂的l000名在表上涂镭的女工,比较这些女工与1000名女电话接线员自1945～1975年骨瘤发生率,在此期间,涂瘤患者，而接线员只有4例,这种研究属于[1分]A.病例对照研究B.队列研究C.实验研究D.临床实验研究E.干预性实验研究15.影响筛检试验的阳性预测值的主要因素是[1分]A.灵敏度B.特异度C.重复性D.现患率E.受检人数16.描述性研究不包括[1分]A.生态学研究B.横断面调查C.疾病监测D.病例报告E.队列研究17.欲了解某病在某地区的危害状况，进行现况调查适宜选用[1分]A.抽样调查B.普查C.典型病例调查D.住院病例调查E.个案调查18.用尿糖定性试验检查糖尿病患者和正常成年人各400人，结果前者为300例阳性，100例阴性，后者有50例阳性，350例阴性检糖尿病的灵敏度为[1分]A.50/400×100%=12.5%B.100/400×100%=25.0%C.200/400×100%=50.0%D.300/400×100%=75.0%E.350/400×100%=87.5%19.在进行某病的队列研究时,最初选择的队列组成是[1分]A.具有所要调查该项因素的人B.没有所要调查该项因素的人C.具有该病家族史的人D.患该病的病人E.未患该病的人20.评价某致病因素对人群危害程度使用[1分]A.RRB.ARC.ARPD.PARPE.死亡比例21.为了了解人群中某病的患病情况，开展普查工作最适合于[1分]A.患病率低的疾病B.患病率高的疾病C.不易发现的隐性疾病D.病死率较高的疾病E.检查方法操作技术复杂的病种22.吸烟者肺癌发病率为48.33（1/10万人年），非吸烟者为4.49（1/10万人年）；吸烟者心血管疾病发病率为294.67（1/10万为169.54（1/10万人年），则下列描述错误的是[1分]A.肺癌的相对危险度是10.8，心血管疾病是1.7B.吸烟发生肺癌的危险比心血管疾病高C.对人群而言，吸烟引起的心血管疾病的危险要比肺癌大得多D.去除吸烟危险因素后心血管疾病病例数的减少将会多于肺癌E.去除吸烟危险因素后肺癌病例数的减少将会多于心血管疾病23.关于现况调查的叙述，下列哪项是错误的[1分]A.抽样调查是一种观察法B.普查不适用于发病率很低的疾病C.整群抽样适用于大规模调查D.整群抽样所得样本代表性最好E.样本量相同时，抽样调查部普查覆盖面大24.筛检的目的是[1分]A.对可疑病人进行确诊B.防止筛检人群出现漏诊C.为了评价筛检试验的灵敏度D.为了评价筛检试验的特异度E.从表面健康的人群中查出某病的可疑患者或某病的高危人群25.在队列研究中，对照的设计可以是[1分]A.外对照B.内对照C.总人口对照D.多重对照E.以上均是26.某项队列研究得出的相对危险度为2.6,95％的可信区间为1.7～3.4，下列哪种说法不正确[1分]A.暴露与疾病的关联为正关联B.暴露组的发病危险是对照组的2.6倍C.暴露组的发病危险比对照组高D.率差为1.7E.该暴露因素是疾病的危险因素27.,并联试验的灵敏度为[1分]E.无法计算28.流行病学研究中的生态学研究是探索病因的[1分]A.一种粗线条的描述性研究B.一种精细的描述性研究C.特殊的病例对照研究D.特殊的队列研究E.特殊的现场实验29.队列研究容易出现的重要偏倚是[1分]A.选择偏倚B.失访偏倚C.回忆偏倚D.测量偏倚E.混杂偏倚30.为评价一种家用“简便”妊娠试验药盒的效果，其试验结果与医院常规的妊娠诊断试验结果见下表：，该药盒的阳性预测值是[1分]31.在某地进行的吸烟与肺癌关系的研究显示，该地人群肺癌年死亡率为0.56％o，吸烟与不吸烟者的肺癌年死亡率分别为0.96％A.B.C.D.E.0.96％A.13.7A.B.C.D.变异性E.一致性35.Kappa值表示不同观察者对某一结果的判定或同一观察者在不同情况下对某结果判定的[1分]A.敏感性B.特异性C.可靠性D.变异性E.一致性36.如果孕妇孕期暴露于某因素与出生婴儿神经管畸形的相对危险度为3，意味着[1分]A.暴露组孕妇生畸形儿的危险是非暴露组孕妇大0.3倍B.暴露组孕妇生畸形儿的危险是非暴露组孕妇大3倍C.暴露组孕妇生畸形儿的危险是非暴露组孕妇的0.3倍D.暴露组孕妇生畸形儿的危险是非暴露组孕妇的3倍E.暴露组孕妇生畸形儿的危险是非暴露组孕妇的2倍37.筛检试验在下列哪种情况是最适宜的[1分]A.患病率高的疾病B.患病率低的疾病C.早期诊断可改善预后的疾病D.病情严重，难以治愈的疾病E.病死率较高的疾病38.随机抽样的目的是[1分]A.差减少随机误差B.减少样本的偏性C.消除系统误D.消除测量误差E.消除系统误差和测量误差39.,串联试验的特异度为[1分]E.无法计算40.关于诊断试验，下列叙述哪项不正确[1分]A.并联试验可提高诊断试验的灵敏度B.串联试验可提高诊断试验的灵敏度C.诊断试验的真实性是指测定值与真实值符合的程度D.诊断试验的可靠性是指同一方法在同样条件下，多次对相同人群进行检查结果的恒定性E.误诊率又称为假阳性率41.在分析流行病学研究中，下列哪项是暴露的最确切含义[1分]A.暴露是指接触了危险因素B.暴露是指一个发病因素C.暴露是指多个危险因素D.暴露是指感染了病原体E.暴露是指研究对象具有某种疑为与患病可能有关的特征，或曾受到某种疑为与患病可能有关的因子的影响42.假定某一筛选计划检查1000人，而疾病的流行率为4％，该筛选试验的灵敏度为90％，特异度为80％，则筛选出来的阳性人A.36B.192C.228D.772E.76843.对病因不明疾病，描述性研究的主要任务是[1分]A.寻找病因线索B.因果推断C.确定病因D.验证病因E.以上都不是44.抽样调查时不能以样本大小和抽样设计来适当控制的误差是[1分]A.系统误差B.抽样误差C.随机误差D.标准误E.标准差45.关于诊断试验和筛检试验的评价指标，哪种说法是正确的[1分]A.灵敏度愈高，误诊率愈低B.特异度愈高，误诊率愈高C.特异度愈高，漏诊率愈低D.灵敏度愈高，漏诊率愈低E.灵敏度愈高，预测值愈高46.现况研究主要分析指标是[1分]A.某病的发病率B.某病的二代发病C.某病的患病率D.率死亡构成比E.某病的死亡率47.,血糖检测方法的灵敏度为[1分]E.无法计算48.为研究人群高血压患病率及其分布特点，在w市采用分层随机抽样方法抽取五个社区.对15岁以上的居民进行体检并填写健康究属于[1分]A.分析性研究B.现况研究C.社区试验D.生态学研究E.队列研究49.关于普查的目的，以下哪一项不正确[1分]A.早期发现病例B.了解疾病的分布C.为病因研究提供线索D.普及医学知识E.检验病因50.在队列研究中，结局的确切概念是指[1分]A.果暴露属性的分组结果B.观察中出现了预期结果的事件C.统计检验结D.观察期限的终止时间E.研究队列中存在的混杂结果51.相对危险度（RR）是队列研究中反映暴露与发病（死亡）关联强度的指标,下列说法哪一个是正确的[1分]A.RR95％可信区间（CI）的上限>1认为暴露与疾病呈“正”关联，即暴露因素是疾病的危险因素B.RR95％CI的下限<1，认为暴露与疾病呈“负”关联，即暴露因素是保护因素C.RR95％CI的下限>1，认为暴露与疾病呈“负”关联，即暴露因素是保护因素D.RR95％CI包括l，则认为暴露因素与疾病有统计学联系E.RR95％CI包括l，则认为暴露因素与疾病无统计学联系52.某因素与某病之间的关联强度最好的衡量指标是[1分]A.相对危险度B.归因危险度C.病因分值AD. E.。

------《太极图说》苗蛮文化唐朝元结欧阳予倩《五十二病方》毛泽东陈衡哲( )《莎菲女士的日记》《五十二病方》篇》等一系列针对时政急务补阙救弊的策文。

更进了一步。

作为治学宗旨。

湖湘学术思想是湖湘文化的灵魂，是湖湘文化对中华文化贡献最为突出的部分。

与热情。

下了光辉灿烂的篇章。

湖湘学术思想的形成与特质产生了深刻影响，可以视为湖湘学术思想的文化基因。

思想孕育的温床。

叶紫的小说以描写大革命时期洞庭湖畔的生活见长，如《丰收》。

张天翼的小说以描写市民生活见长，如《包氏父子》，《华威先生》。

中国现代文学史上的地位。

民国初年，刘人熙等人在长沙设立船山学社，创办《船山学报》，鼓吹保护国粹。

”魏源还专门研究过王夫之的著作，其《诗古徽》即附了船山的《诗广传》。

书》外，贺长龄也在贵阳刻有船山著作，将人从天命神权的桎梏中解放出来的一种尝试。

地位，并进而通过实现美政来拯救实已岌岌可危的楚国。

想家思想的浸润。

化的产生和发展具有举足轻重的意义。

错误遭遇的悲悼抒发个人郁积，颇有《离骚》的神韵；后者排遗作者心中忧愁，成为汉代散体赋的先声。

错误奉为农业创始者，所以湖南郴州有嘉禾县，衡阳有耒山、耒水，耒水之阳则有耒阳市。

正确代思想家构建新的理性主义天人观具有积极意义，尤其是对湖湘思想家有重要的启示作用。

正确龄、魏源、汤鹏、邓显鹤、唐鉴、刘蓉等。

错误器物有大石片、各种形式的大尖状器、似手斧石器和石球等。

正确原的传统与热情。

正确帝国主义列强侵略中国和清朝廷卖国投降的种种罪行。

正确类稻作文明遗物，正确会道德属性或是片面以人的自然物质属性为人性的观点。

正确的创始人。

正确化遗址在湖南最集中的地区是澧水中下游和洞庭湖西北边缘地带。

正确正确《皇王大纪》等。

错误湖南近代维新派的主要代表人物有陶澍、魏源、贺长龄等。

错误------。