职称英语C考试指导用书中完型全文(注释版)

2016职称英语教材-卫生类C级完形填空及参考译文1第一篇Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is FoundThe World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. People have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.The World Health Organization reductions the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.1.找到速效治疗剂可以更好控制结核病世界卫生组织估计全球有大约三分之一的人感染了导致结核病的病菌。

Why People Use Pseudonyms?You can’t choose the name you are given at birth,but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood.Of course,most people never change their names even if(51)they feel unhappy about them.However,some people do take(52)this course of action—particularly artists!What makes an artist want to change their name?Sometimes it’s for purely personal(53)reasons,such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile,Neftalii Reyes.He didn’t want his father to know(54)he was writing poetry,so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man.At(55)other times the reason may appear strange;take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa,who(56)wrote under75different names.The reason?“When I use a different name,I always write in a different way,”he explained.In most cases,however(57), people change their names for social,historical,political,or cultural reasons.Here are some of the most common(58).The person’s real name is just too(59)long and difficult to remember.Let’s be honest,Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as easy(60)to remember as just plain“Madonna”.And shortnames are much easier to remember:William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.Sometimes names are changed for marketing purposes(61). For example,if a name sounds too“foreign”,it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a market(62).So in the film world,Ramon Estevez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist’s real name doesn’t sound very attractive—Chad Everett does sound(63)a lot better than Raymond Cramton.Artists sometimes choose(64)the name of someone they admire.Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet,Dylan Thomas.Another reason may be practicality：in the past,women found it very difficult to get published.To avoid(65)this situation, they sometimes gave themselves men’s names.So the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot,and she did get her books published!译文：为什么人们用假名我们没法选择出生时的名字，但是在很多国家人们可以在成年后改名。

Travel Across AfricaFor six hours we shot through the barren（荒芜的）landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa.Just rocks and sand and baking sun.Knowing our journey was ending,Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done.He used a camera.I used words.I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth,a beautiful leather notebook I’d bought in a market in Mozambique.Southern Africa was full of stories.And visions.We were almost drunk on sensations.The roaring（咆哮）of the water at Victoria Falls,the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana.And then the other things:dogs in the streets,whole families in Soweto living in one room a kilometre from clean water.As we drove towards the setting sun,a quietness fell over us.The road was empty—we hadn’t seen another car for hours. And as I drove,something caught my eye,something moving closeenough to touch them,to smell their hot breath.I didn’t know how long they had been there next to us.I shouted to Dan:“Look!”but he was in a deep sleep,his camera lying useless by his feet.They raced the car for a few seconds,then disappeared far behind us,a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape.When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.“Wild horses?”he said.“Why didn’t you wake me up, Sophia?”“I tried.But they were gone after a few seconds.”“Are you sure you didn’t dream it?”“You were the one who was sleeping!”“Typical,”he said.“The best photos are the ones we never take.”We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.译文：非洲之旅我们在南非台地高原荒芜的沙漠穿行了六个小时。

职称英语等级考试（综合类C级）真题附答案和解析（2）第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

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第一篇 How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not?Here’s a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and todayhe owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be anairplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States.He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for acompany that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental(租赁的)company, he frequently ate at a nearbyKFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, heworked as a cook’s assistant. His job was to c lean the kitchen and help the cook. “I didn’t likeit,” Mr. Kazi says, “but I always did the best I could.”One day, Mr. Kazi’s two coworkers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of allthree people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant. A few monthslater, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. Heworked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that waslosing money. The restaurant wasdirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought therestaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m.seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of thebuilding, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. If someonehad to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before longthe restaurant was making a profit.A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he eared, he bought threemore restaurants that were losing money. Again, he cleaned them up, improved the food, andretrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn’t planning to stop there. He’s looking for morepoorly managed restaurants to buy, “I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it’s amess,” Mr. Kazi says. “The only way it can go is up.”31.When Mr. Kazi was young, his dream was toA.be an airplane pilot.B.sell cars.C.own a restaurant.D.become a good cook.32.Mr. Kazi decided to work with KFC toA.learn how to cook.B.save money for a car.C.save money on food.D.learn how to run a restaurant.33.Mr. Kazi became the manager of a new restaurant becauseA.he worked very hard.B.his co-workers praised him.C.he was a good cook.D.he knew how to run a restaurant.34.To save a failing restaurant, Mr. Kazi did all the following things, EXCEPT toA.advertise for it.B.clean it up.C.improve the food.D.retrain the employees.35.In the last paragraph, “it’s a mess” meansA.it’s small.B.it’s profitable.C.it’s dirty.D.it’s cheap.第二篇：Three Ways to Become More CreativeMo st people believe they don’t have much imagination. They are wrong. Everyone hasimagination, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how to access it. Creativity isn’talways connected with great works of art or ideas. People at work and in their free timeroutinely think of creative ways to solve problems. Maybe you have a goal to achieve, a trickyquestion to answer or you just want to expand your mind! Here are three techniques to helpyou.This technique involves taking unrelated ideas and trying to find links between them. First,think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do. Then find an image,word, idea or object, for example, a candle. Write down all the ideas/words associated withcandles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The nextstage is to relate the ideas to the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy afriend anoriginal present; you could buy him tickets to a match or take him out for the night.Imagine that normal limitatio ns don’t exist. You have as much time/space/money, etc. as youwant. Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If, for example, your goal is to learn toski(滑雪), you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time andthe money). Now adapt this to reality. Maybe you can practice skiing every day in December, orevery Monday in January.Look at the situation from a different point of view. Good negotiators(谈判者) use thistechnique in business, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the charactersin their books. They ask questions: what does this character want? Why can’t she get it? Whatchanges must she make to get what she wants? What does she dream about? If your goalinvolves other people, put yourself “in their shoes”. The best fishermen think like fish!36.According to the passage, when we become adults.A.most of us are no longer creative.B.we are not as imaginative as children.C.we can still learn to be more creative.D.we are unwilling to be creative.37.According to the first technique, if you need to solve a problem, ______A.you should link it with candles.B.you have to think of buying a present for a friend.C.you should link it with as many words as possible.D.you could find an image and try to link it with the problem.38.The second technique suggests that you just imagineA.setting a goal is as simple as skiing.B.you have every resource to achieve your goal.C.new possibilities will soon appear.D.December and January are the best months for skiing.39.The phrase “put yourself ‘in their shoes’” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning toA.dress yourself like them.B.do as they ask you to.C.put on their shoes.D.think as they would.40.We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself:A.what are my customers’ needs?B.what do I usually do?C.what did my boss tell me to do?D.how should I sell my products?第三篇 The State of Marriage TodayIs there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate ofdivorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, andthe evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to thebreakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Somefuturists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times ,andextramarital(婚外的)affairs will be even more common than they are now.But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy(阴暗的)? The answer tothe first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. Theinstitution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to beeconomically dependent ontheir husbands as they usua lly didn’t have jobs outside the home.But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so theydon’t feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic(悲观的)as it seems.While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen verymuch, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply livetogether and don’t bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do notappear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriagessurvive.So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get marriedindicates that it isn’t. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than singlepeople: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, andmarried men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts.Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of ourrelationships!41.Which of the following is true about the marriage in the United States today?A.Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.B.More than half of the married couples get divorced.C.American people marry more than four times.D.More and more people are getting divorced.42.What does “this is no longer the case” in paragraph 2 mean?A.Women are not economically dependent any more.B.It is not necessary to get married any more.C.Women do not need a husband any longer.D.Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now.43.Why is the outlook of marriage not as hopeless as it appears?A.Many people still like to get married.B.The rate of divorce has actually decreased.C.Over 60% of the marriages continue to exist.D.The statistics of divorce is reliable.44.How do most men feel in their marriage life?A.They feel much stronger than before.B.They don’t feel as lonely as before.C.They suffer more than before.D.They feel more satisfied than being single.45.Which of the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.It is important to discover what makes a marriage successful.B.Marriage has long been partly an economic need.C.It is a fact that most people choose to get married.D.Many people went abroad after divorce.第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

职称英语综合类C级真题（完形填空）第6部分：完型填空(第51-65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15个空白。

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Spoilt for choiceSome research which was recently carried out in Britain has confirmed what many ordinary shoppers have suspected for quite a long time. Having a 51___ selection of goods to choose from is not necessarily a 52___to consumers. The average supermarket in Britain has around 40,000different products on sale at any one time and if you are 53___ of buying a car, then there are actually around 1,600 different 54___ on the market.In one sense, choice is a good thing because it 55___ us to buy those products which best suit our needs. But choice can also56___ something of a problem. With over 400 brands of shampoo on the market, how does the consumer 57___ hold of the information necessary to choose between them?For some people the solution is to buy only well-known brands, while others are happy to be 58____ by advertising. There is evidence,59___ that for some people the 60___ of choice available to them in Britain’s consumer society is actually a 61____ of anxiety and stress. One man interviewed by the researchers admitted that he had 62____ out to buy his girlfriend a mobile phone for her birthday, but was so 63___ by the number of different types on offer in the shop that he 64___ up and decided to buy her a bundle(束)of flowers 65_____.51. A deep B wide C long D tall52. A favor B profit C gain D value53. A considering B planning C hoping D thinking54. A styles B pattern C labels D models55. A lets B allows C makes D leaves56. A report B respect C represent D review57. A come B have C get D put58. A suggested B proposed C signaled D persuaded59 A therefore B moreover C however D whether60. A rank B height C amount D volume61. A spring B source C reason D motive62 .A found B worked C turned D set63. A confused B complicated C disorganized D misunderstood64. A hung B held C gave D kept65. A too B instead C likewise D yet。

第二篇：Going on a dietA typical person needs about l ,800 calories per day to stay alive. These calories keep your heart beating and your lungs breathing. They keep your organs operating properly and your brain running. They also keep your body warm. A person increases weight because he or she consumes more calories per day than needed. The only way to lose fat is to reduce the number of calories that you consume per day. This is the basic principle behind going on a diet.Unfortunately. diets don't work for mast people. They do lose weight but then go off the diet and put it back. Building a sensible diet and exercise plan is the key to maintaining a consistent weight. You need to figure out how many calcries you need in a day and how many you actually take in. The next step is to add exercise so that you can raise the number of calories you can consume per day.Exercise charts can show you how many calories different forms 0f exercise can burn. Burning 250 0r 500 calories per day can make a big difference. You can ride an exercise bike while you are watch TV or you can climb the stairs instead of the elevaror. Find an exercise partner Exercise can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to. It's a good idea to wear firm-fitting clothts if you are on a diet.Tight clothing acts as a reminder of what you are trying to accomplish.第八篇：Eat Healthy1. Parents in the United States tend to ask their children not to waste food.2. Why do American restaurants serve large portions? Because Americans associate quantity with value.3.What happened in the 1970s? The American waistline started to expand.4. What does the survey indicate? Many poor Americans want large portions.5. Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans? They don't want to be healthy eaters第一篇：Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor第二篇：Medical Journals第三篇：Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor第四篇：Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant Women第五篇：U.S.Eats Too Much Salt第六篇：Pushbike Peril第七篇：Late-night Drinking第九篇：U.S.to Start $3.2Billion Child Health Study in January第十篇：Cigars Instead?第十一篇：Sleeplessness第十二篇： Common-cold Sense第十三篇：Drug Reactions-a Major Cause of Death第十四篇：Dreams第十五篇：Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay第十六篇：Sleep第一篇：Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found第三篇：One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live第四篇：Diet, Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of Cancers第五篇：Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence第六篇：Once-daily Pill Could Simplify HIV Treatment第七篇：Exercise第八篇：Old And Active第九篇：Many Women Who Beat Cancer Don't Change Habits第十篇：Hospital Mistreatment第十一篇：Migrant Workers第十二篇：Dreams第十三篇：Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack第十四篇：A Health Profile第十五篇：Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years第一篇：Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is FoundThe Worid Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB usually ln their lungs Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and dng-resistant forms of tuberculosis.Current treatments take at least six months. Pattients have to make a combination Of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists tratment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tubereulosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be A professor of intermational health at Harvard Uniiversity led the study.Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured it would also mean fewer Infectious patientswho can pass on their infection to others.The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatnment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it Might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place betweern two thousand twelve and two thouaand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.The World Health Organization developed the DOTS' pmgram in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. HeaIth workers watch tuberculosis patientbs take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old.The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is atreatment that could work in as few as ten doses.第三篇：One Good Reason to Let Smallpox LiveIt’s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox vir us. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it - one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves?In reality, of course, it was naive to imagine that everyone would let going of such a potent potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have a few vials. And the last "official" stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia,for no obvious gain.Now American researchers have found an animal model of the human disease, opening the way for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So once again there's a good reason to keep the virus - just in case the disease puts in a reappearance.How do we deal with the mistrust of the US and Russia? Simple. Keep the virus under international auspices in a well-guarded UN laboratory that's open to all countries. The US will object, of course, just as it rejects a multilateral approach to just about everyrhing. But it doesn't mean the idea is wrong. If the virus is useful, then let's make it the servant of all humanity - not just a part of it.第四篇：Diet, Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of CancersDiet is second only to tobacco as a leading cause of cancer and, along with alcohol, is responsible for nearly one third of cases of the disease in. developed countries, a leading researcher said on Tuesday.Dr. Tim Key, of the University of Oxford, told a cancer conference that scientists are still discovering how certain foods contribute to cancer, but they know that diet, alcohol and obesity play a major role."Five percent of cancers could be avoided if nobody was obese," he said.While tobacco is linked to about 30 percent 0f cancer cases, diet is involved in an estimated 25 percent and alcohol in about six percent.Obesity raises the risk of breast, womb, bowel and kidney cancer, while alcohol is known to cause cancers of the mouth throat and liver. Its dangerous impact is increased when combined with smoking.Key told the meeting of the charity Cancer Research UK that other elements of diet linked to cancer are still unknown but scientists are hoping that the EPIC study, which is comparing the diets of 500,000 people in 10 countries and their risk of cancer, will provide some questions.Early results of the study have revealed that Norway, Sweden and Denmark have the lowest consumption of fruit and vegetables among European countries while Italy and Spain have the highest. Eating at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day is recommended to reduce the risk of cancer.Key, principal scientist on the EPIC study, said it is looking at dietary links to some of the most common cancers includine colorectal, breast and prostate.第五篇：Men Too May Suffer from Domestic ViolenceNearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of an intimatepatner during their lifetimes. according to one of the few studies to look at domestic violence and health among men."Many men actually do experience domestic violence, although we don't hear ahout it often," Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle, one of the study's authors, told Reuters Health. "They oflen don't tell and we don't ask. We want to get the message out to men who do experience domestic violemce that they are not alone and there are resources available to them."The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse and non-physical abuse. such as threats that made them fear for their safety, controlling behavior ( for example, being told who they could associate with and where they could go) , and constant name-calling.Among men 18 to 54 years old, 14. 2 percem said they had experienced intimate partner violence in the past five years, while 6. 1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year.Rates were lower for men 55 and older, with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experieneed it in the past 12 months.Overall, 30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26. 5 percent of older men said they had been victims of domestic violence at some point in their lives. About half of the violence the men experienced was physical.However, the physical violence men reported wasn't as harsh as that suffered by women in a previous study; 20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe, compared to 61 percent of women.Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental health problems than those who had not, especially older men, the researchers found. 第一篇：Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor1.Which of the following uses of nanotechnology is NOT mentioned in the passage? To produce better and lighter building materials2.How can quantum dots be used to confirm diseases? By lighting up in the presen ofa targeted molecule3.How can nanotechnology be used to make a drug more effective? By making a drug target the focus of a disease4.The following developing countries are doing very well scientific research on nanotechnology EXCEPT Iran5.Which of the following is the possible risk in using nano-materials mentioned in the passage? They may behave differently in the body and the environment第二篇：Medical Journals1. The main readers of medical joumals are health professionals2. Which of che following statements is NOT true? Most medical joumals publish only online3. How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage? Five4. An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called a review article5. Letters to the ediior enable readers of a medical joumal lo express comments on articles published in that journal第三篇：Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor1.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the rsearchers? Patients with lung cancer become yaunger, especially females2 Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai? Breast cancer3 What symptoms may be complained of by most women with lung cancer after long term, close contact with cooking oil fumes? Irritated eyes and throat4 What was the local women’s reaction when th ey leamed that cooking oil fumes could lead to Cancer? Surprised5. Which of the following has relatively little connection with women’s lung cancer? Personal healrh and physical condition第四篇：Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant Womenl How many babies are bom with low birth weight in the developed countries every year according to WHO? 2,000,0002 A pill of multivitamins may contain all of the fallowing substances EXCEPT antiviral substances3 Wkich of the following is NOT one of the effects of multivitamins mentioned in the prssage? To reduce the rate of babies born too early4 What a ro1e do lymphocytes play in the human body? To raise the body's immunity against infection5 How many percent of babies were born with low birth weight to women who were not infceted with the AIDS virus and took the multivitamins according to a new study? Less than 8%第五篇：U.S.Eats Too Much Salt1. Too much salt raises one's risk for all of the above2. How much salto most American adulrs eat per day? Closer t0 3,500 mg3. To improve their blood pressure. people should have a diet rich in poraasium and calcium4. The high-risk groups include those both A and B5. Packaged, processed and restaurant foods are known to be rich in salt第六篇：Pushbike Perill According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because they may kill children2 In paragraph2,the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries TO tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project3 Paragraph 3 mainly discusses how serious injuries occur4 The passage implies that it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design5 In which of the following ways the handgrip work? It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents第七篇：Late-night Drinkingl The author mentions "pick-me-up" to indicate that coffee is a stimulant2 Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? Caffeine halves the body's levels of sleep hormone3 What does paragraph3 mainly discuss? Different effects of catfeinated coffee and decaf on sleep4 What does the experiment mentioned in paragrah4 prove? Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone5 The author of this passage probably agrees that we should not drink coffee after supper第九篇：U.S.to Start $3.2Billion Child Health Study in Januaryl The aim of the study is to find new ways to prevent or treat illness2 Rcsearchers will collect all the following EXCEPT samples of air and water from hospitals3 It is expected that through the study the nation's health care costs will be lowered in the long run4 The babies of the participants will be followed for more than two decades5 Which is NOT true of the people in the study? They'll be from all age groups第十篇：Cigars Instead?1 According to the report. smoking three or four cigars a day greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers2 In the passage how many cancers are mentioned in relation to smoking cigars daily Seven3 What is the main idea of the article "cigars:Health Effects and Trends"? When it comes to cancer,cigars are not any safer than cigarettes4 What is the doctors advice to those cigar-smokers? To give it up completely5 In the context of this passage, 'secondhand smoke' means eing near cigar smokers when they are smoking第十一篇：Sleeplessnessl The word "insomnia"m the first paragraph means having trouble falling or staying asleep2 How many possible causes of sleeplessness are mentioned in the second paragraph? Six3 The expression "second on the list" in the second paragraph means the secand most important cause of sleeplessness4 Concerning the use of sleeping pills,which of the following statements is true? Sleeping pills should be used in a very small amount5 Which of the following does not fit with sleep hygiene? Making a rule to go to bed at a specific time evey day第十二篇： Common-cold Sensel According to the essay, you may have a cold because the spread of thinoviruses gets people infected2 The bestt way to keep yourself from getting colds is to keep yourself clean3 Children have more colds because they are not immune to many cold viruses yet4 When you are having a cold it is certainly not the same kind of cold that you had laet time5 When one is having a cold, he may often have all the following symptoms EXCEPT having a stomachache第十三篇：Drug Reactions-a Major Cause of Deathl Researchers at the University of Toronto believe that ADRs have caused many deaths in America over the past 30 years2 The investigators say that 6.7% of all hospitalized patients in America experience ADRs each year on average3 An American research estimates that the total sum of money spent in treating ADRs each year is as much as $4,000,000,0004 The Canadian investigators think that the ADR incidence figures from their research are perhaps less than the real amount5 According to Dr. David Bates, hospitals in America are not paying enough attention to possibilities of ADR happenings第十四篇：Dreams1 There are in general two opinions about what we experience in a dream one, dreams put new information into our memories, and two, dreams have real meanings in pictures different from our logical thinking2 According to this anicle, we almost always see different "pictures" when we are dreaming3 In your dreams, you seldom feel fear now and joy later4 This essay tells us that people usually dream in an REM sleep5 Based what is discussed in this writing.an adult may have at most about 25% of the time of his or her sleep dreaming第十五篇：Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay1 According to a study author, when people with a positive emotional style do get a cold, they may think that their illness is not so serious2 Pcople with a positive emotional style may have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT selfish3 Which of rhe following is NOT one of the characteristics that people with a negative emotional style may have? Warm-blooded4 How did the researchers test their volunteers? By giving everyone nasal drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus5.Which of the following items is NOT included in the data that the researchers collected? Blood test第十六篇：Sleep1. The question raised in Paragraph l is "no mere academic one" because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits2. According to the passage, the main problem about night work is that your life is disturbed by changing from day to night rourines and back3. According to the passage, the best solution to the problem seems to be to employ people who will always work at nightD to find ways of selecting people who adapt quickly.4.In the second paragraph, "the third" means the third week5. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, "another" means another routine第六篇：Once-daily Pill Could Simplify HIV TreatmentBristol-Myers Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences have combined many HIV drugs into a single pill Sometimes the best medicine is more than one kind of medicine. Malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS,2 for example, are all treated with combinations of drugs. But that can mean a lot of pills to take. It would be simpler if drug companies combined all the medicines into a single pill, taken just once a day.Now, two companies say they have done that for people just starting treatment for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The companies are Bristol-Myers Squibb and Gilead Sciences. They have developed a single pill that combines three drugs currently on the market.3 Bristol-Myers Squibb sells one of them under the name of Sustiva.4 Gilead combined the others, Emtriva and Viread, into a single pill in two thousand four.Combining drugs involves more than technical issues. It also involves issues of competition if the drugs are made by different companies. The new once-daily pill is the result of what is described as the first joint venture agreement of its kind in the treatment of HIVIn January the New England Journal of Medicine5 published a study of the new pill. Researchers compared its effectiveness to6 that of the widely used combination of Sustiva and Combivir. Combivir contains two drugs, AZT7and 3TC.8The researchers say that after one year of treatment, the new pill suppressed HIV levels in more patients and with fewer side effects.9 Gilead paid for the study. Professor Joel Gallant at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, led the research. He is a paid adviser to Gilead and Bristol-Meyers Squibb as well as the maker of Combivir, GlaxoSmithKline.Glaxo Smith Kline reacted to the findings by saying that a single study is of limited value. It says the effectiveness of Combivir has been shown in each of more than fifty studies.The price of the new once-daily pill has not been announced. But Gilead and Bristol-Myers Squibb say they will provide it at reduced cost to developing countries. They plan in the next few months to ask the United States Food and Drug Administration10 to approve the new pill.There are limits to who could take it because of the different drugs it contains. For example, pregnant women are told not to take Sustiva because of the risk of birth disorders.11 Experts say more than forty million people around the world are living with HIV第七篇：ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exerise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration.The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrillwith the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is question hard _to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The sage limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should choose _depens upon one’s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise. 第八篇：Old And ActiveIt is well—known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries. A recent report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world．A healthy long life is the result of improvement in social environment.Scientists are trying to work out exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy, and whether there is a lesson to be learnt from their lifestyles for the rest of us. Should we make any changes to our eating habits, for instance, or go jogging each day before breakfast? Is there some secret ingredient in the Japanese diet that is particularly beneficial to the human body?Another factor contributing to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate．Although longer life should be celebrated, it is actually considered a social problem．The number of older people had doubled in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs．The country could soon be facing an economic problem, if there are so many old people to be looked after and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them．Raising the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem. Work can give the elderly a sense of responsibility and mission in lif e. It’s important that the elderly play active roles in the society and live in harmony with all generations.第九篇：Many Women Who Beat Cancer Don't Change HabitsMany women who battle breast cancer will tell you it's a life-changing experience. However, a new study shows that for many women, the changes aren't always positive or permanent.Beth Snoke has watched her mother and both grandmothers battle and survive breast cancer So when she was diagnosed, there was no doubt in her mind what she had to do."I do exactly what the doctors say as far as the medicine that I'm on, as far as thevitamins, the diet, and the fitness. And I can't stress enough how important that is," says Beth Snoke. But a surprising new study shows that no every woman who beats breast cancer is getting that message. In fact, nearly 40% bf them say even after surviving breast cancer, they haven't made significant changes in the way they eat or how much they exercise."Not all survivors are taking advantage of this teachable moment and making positive health changes in their life," says Electra Paskett, PhD, at Ohio State University's Comprehensive Cancer Center. Paskett says diet and exercise have been proven to not only help women feel better during and after treatment, they may also play a role in preventing some cancers from coming back. Despite growing evidence, some women just aren't listening."Colon cancer survivors who exercise have actually been shown to have improved survival rates. So, yes, it is true that perhaps by making some of these healthy choices we can actually increase their health," says Paskett.As a breast cancer survivor herself , Paskett knows first hand how much difference diet and exercise can make The challenge, she says, is to get more survivors to be more like Beth, during and after treatment.Experts say exercising more and eating a healthier diet can also cut down on stress and help women overcome depression. There are more than 2 million breast cancer survivors living in the U.S. Of those, nearly a million have yet to change their diet or exercise routines.第十篇：Hospital MistreatmentAccording to a study, most medical interns report experiencing mistreatment, including humiliation by senior doctors, being threatened, or physical abuse in their first year out of medical school.The findings come from analysis of the responses to a 13-page survey mailed in January 1991 to 1, 733 second-year residents. The survey and analysis appear in the April 15th issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.Overall, out of the 1,277 residents who completed surveys, 1,185 said that they had experienced at least one incident of mistreatment in their intern year. In addition to reporting incidents where they were abused, more than 45% of the residents said they had witnessed at least one incident where other persons had made false medical records. Moreover, nearly three quarters of the residents said they had witnessed mistreatment of patients by other residents, attending physicians, or nurses. Almost 40% said patient mistreatment was a frequent event.More than 10% of the residents said they were not allowed to have enough sleep, and the average number of hours without _ sleep was 37.6. The average on-call hours during a _ typical week was 56.9 hours, but about 25% of the residents said their on-call assignments were more than 80 hours some weeks. Although 30% of the residents said they experienced some type of sexual harassment or discrimination, verbal abuse was the most common problem cited. When abusive incidents were limited to events occurring three or more times, 53% of the respondents reported that they were belittled or humiliated by more senior residents, while just over 21% reported someone taking credit for t heir work. Being “given tasks for punishment,” “being。

职称英语《综合C》完型填空原文特别说明：原文来自于职称英语教材综合类补全短文第一篇What We Take from and Give to the SeaAs long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.We take fishes from the ocean --millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. (1) We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. (2) Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too1. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. (3) Seaweed becomes food of many kinds 一even candy, and ice cream — aswell as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water.(4) But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed.In the future，we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. (5) Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life2. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas,we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.注释：Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too.还有不少金和银的漂流物溶解在海水里。

职称英语阅读理解译文---卫生类C级1纳米保健技术走向贫困国家纳米技术的应用对象都是分子级和原子级的物质。

如今，长度为一纳米，即十亿分之一米的粒子已被开发出多种用途，如制造美容产品和抗污型服装等。

但其中一个领域科学家认为潜力尤为巨大，那就是医药领域。

在上周于华盛顿Woodrow Wilson国际中心召开的一个项目会议上，科学家们探讨了如何将纳米技术应用于贫困国家人口保健的事宜。

来自多伦多大学的Peter Singer声称一项名为量子点的纳米技术可被应用于疟疾的诊断。

相对于传统的仅用显微镜观察血液样本的方法，此技术要先进得多。

由于贫困国家往往没有条件应用此项新技术，许多健康人被误诊为疟疾患者，而药物的滥用又导致了抗药性的产生。

所谓量子点是指一些被激活后会发光的粒子，如今科学家正在研究为它们编程的方法，以便当靶分子存在的时候就能够通过发光来诊断疾病。

纳米技术的优越性不光体现在疾病的诊断，还包括疾病的治疗。

国立卫生研究所的Piotr Grodzinski与大家共同探讨了如何运用纳米技术来增强药效。

以一些已经使用了纳米技术的抗癌药物为例，他指出，如果药物可以针对癌症病灶而不是整个人体，治疗所需药量就会大大减少，副作用也会降低。

Andrew Maynard是Woodrow Wilson中心新兴的纳米技术工程部骨干科学家，他注意到巴西、印度、中国及南非正在开发可被贫困国家所应用的纳米技术。

与此同时他指出，与较大分子不同，纳米材料的颗粒在人体内和体外环境中的作用可能有所不同，因此纳米技术的应用存在一定风险，若要深入研究这些风险则需要更大的资金投入。

2医学杂志医学杂志是向医生和其他卫生专业人员提供医学信息的出版物。

在过去，这些杂志只有印刷版。

随着电子出版的发展，许多医学杂志现在都有网站了，有些杂志只有网络版。

少数的医学杂志，如《美国医学协会杂志》，被看作是普通医学杂志，因为他们涵盖了医学的许多领域。

大部分医学杂志都是针对特定医疗领域的专业杂志。

A Country’s Standard of LivingThe“standard of living”of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services the country produces.A country’s standard of living,therefore,____(51)first on its capacity to produce wealth.“Wealth”in this____(52)is not money,for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy,“goods”such as food and clothing,and“services”such as transport and entertainment.A country’s capacity to____(53)wealth depends upon many factors,most of____(54)have an effect on one another.Wealth depends____(55)a great extent upon a country’s natural resources.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals,and have fertile（肥沃的）soil and a favorable climate;other regions____(56)none of them.Nextto natural resources comes the ability to____(57) them to use.China is perhaps as rich as the USA in natural resources,but suffered for many years____(58)civil and external wars,and for this and other____(59)was unable to develop her resources.Sound and stable political conditions,and____(60)from foreign invasions,enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily,and to produce more____(61)than another country equally well favored by nature but less well ordered.Acountry’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and____(62)within its own borders, but also upon what is directly produced through international trade.For example,Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural____(63)would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home.Trade makes it possible for her surplus（剩余的）manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products____(64)would otherwise be lacking.A country’s wealth is,therefore,much influenced by its manufacturing capacity,____(65)thatother countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.译文：一个国家的生活水平任何国家的"生活水平"都是指人均享有的本国生产的商品和服务。

职称英语完型填空原文（理工C）特别说明：原文来自教材阅读理解第三篇第三篇：Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle1 events —flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring — all around the world. But ecologists can’t be everywhere so they’re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to obs erve all of them, they’re asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest — birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. — and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that’s needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it3 in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology4Network. “Phenology” is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group’s first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project Bud Burst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project — which is open to everyone — record theirobservations on the Project Bud Burst website.“People don’t have to be plant experts — they just have to look around and see what’s in their neighborhood,” says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. “As we collect this data, we’ll be able to make an est imate of how plants and communities5 of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.”词汇：frog / fr朂/ n.蛙ecologist / ,i:’k氂夀搂鈀樂猂琀/ n.生态学家bud / b搂/ v.发芽，萌芽;n.芽，花蕾database / ’de琂夀戂攀樀猂/ n.数据库professional / pr( )’fe夂渂夀氂/ adj.专业的，职业的;n.职业选手，专业人员phenology / f’n氂夀搂鈀樂/ n.物候学neighbor(u)rhood n.近邻;邻近地区注释：1.life cycle：生命周期，即生物发展过程的系列变化。

2019年职称英语理工类C级完形填空部分文章及译文（2）小编为您整理职称英语理工类教材中完形填空部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益！Avalanche and Its SafetyAn avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanchesare____1____ the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope____2____ supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is____3____ cause an avalanche, ____4____ acomplex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than25degrees or steeperthan60degrees typically have a low ____5____ of avalanche. Snow does not____6____ significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not ____7____ easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow’s angle of rest1 is____8____ 35 and45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is38degrees. The rule of thumb2 is：A slope that is____9____ enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally3, avalanche risk increases with____10____;that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, die more lijkely it is that an avalanche will occur.Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry4 is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous____11____,, including route selection and examination of the snowpack, weather____12____ and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also____13____ the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid____14____ to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are____15____ or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.词汇：avalanche n.雪崩snowpack n.积雪场terrain n.地形，地势steep adj.险峻的，陆峭的trigger v.引起，激发incidence n.发生(率)ski v.滑雪complexity n.复杂性注释：1.angle of rest：这里指积雪保持静止的角度。

2017 年职称英语理工类 C 级完形填空部分文章及译文 (4) 小编为您整理职称英语理工类教材中完形填空部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益！Animal’s “Sixth Sense”A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals,____1____, seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami.This phenomenon adds weight to notions that1they possess a “sixth sense” for____2____, experts said.Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast clearly____3____ wild beasts, with no dead animals found.“No elephants are dead, not____4____ a dead rabbit. I think animals can____5____ disaster. They have a sixth sense. They know when things are happening, ” H. D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department,said about one month after the tsunami attack. The____6____ washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast,Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife____7____ and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards.“There has been a lot of____8____ evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.But it has not been proven, ” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behavior____9____ at Johannesburg Zoo.“There have been no____10____ studies because you can’t really test it in a lab or field setting2，” he told Reuters. Other authorities concurred with this____11____ ·“Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain____12____ especially birds ... there are many reports of birds detecting impending disasters/’said Clive Walker,who has written several books on African wildlife.Animals____13____ rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators.The notion of an animal “sixth sense” — or____14____ other mythical power — is an enduring one3 which the evidence on Sri Larika’s ravaged coast is likely to add to.The Romans saw owls____15____ omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special powers or attributes.词汇：tsunami n.海啸trigger v.引发，触发ravaged adj.被毁坏的leopard n.豹eruption n.喷发migrate v.迁移volcanic adj.火山的concur v. (with)同意，赞成impending adj.迫近的predator n.食肉动物mythical adj.神话般的owl n.猫头鹰omen n.预兆，征兆endow v.赋予注释：1.adds weight to notions that：更加相信2.field setting：field 意为“实地，野外” ，setting 意为“环境”。

阅读理解完整版第一篇 Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor Bringing nanotechnology to health care for the poor（卫C）1)Which of the following uses of nanotechnology is NOT mentioned in the passage?2)How can quantum dots be used to confirm diseases?3)How can nanotechnol0gy be used to make a drug more effective?4)The following developing countries are doing very well scientific research on nanotechnologyEXCEPT5）Which of the following is the possible risk in using nano materials mentioned in the passage?1)To produce better and lighter building materials.2)By lighting up in the presence of a targeted molecule.3)By making a drug target the focus of a disease. 4 Iran5 They may behave differently in the body and the environment.第二篇Medical Journals1)The main readers of medical journals are2)Which of the following statements is NOT true?3)How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage?4)An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is calledLetters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on1)health professionals.2)Most medical journals publish only online.3)Five.4) a review article.5)articles published in that journal.第三篇（新增）Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor1）What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?2）Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai'?3）What symptoms may be complained of by most women with lung cancer after long termClose contact with cooking oil fumes'?4）What was the local women's reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?5）Which of the following has relatively little connection with women's lung cancer?1）Patients with lung cancer become younger, especially females.2）Lung cancer.3）Irritated eyes and throat.4）Surprised5）Personal health and physical condition.第四篇Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant Women1)How many babies are born with low birth weight in the developed countries every year according to WHO?2) A pill of multivitamins may contain all of the following substances EXCEPT3)Which of the following is NOT one of the effects of multivitamins mentioned in the passage.94)What a role do lymphocytes play in the human body?How many percent of babies were born with low birth weight to women who were not infected with the AIDS virus and took the multivitamins according to a new study?1)2,000,000.2)antiviral substances.3)To reduce the rate of babies born too early.4)To raise the body's immunity against infection.Less than 8%.第五篇U.S. Eats Too Much Salt1 Too much salt raises one' s risk for2 How much salt do most American adults eat per day?3 To improve their blood pressure, people should have a diet4 The high-risk groups include those5 Packaged, processed and restaurant foods are known to be1)all of the above.2)Closer to 3,500 mg.3)rich in potassium and calcium.4)both A and B.rich in salt第六篇Pushbike Peril1). According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because2.) In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries3.) Paragraph 3 mainly discuses4.) The passage implies that5.) In which of the following ways the handgrip work?1) they may kill children.2)to tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project.3)how serious injuries occur.4) it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design.5) It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents.第七篇Late-night Drinking1)The author mentions “pick-me-up” to indicate that2)Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?3)What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?4)What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove?The author of this passage probably agrees that.1)Coffee is a stimulant.2)Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone.3)Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.4)Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.We should not drink coffee after supper.第八篇Attitudes to AIDS Now1)What do activists worry about?2)According to the passage, people's attitude toward the cure of AIDS is3)The Gallup Poll shows that the number of people4)According to the Kaiser Poll, which of the following is NOT correct?The word “message” in the last paragraph means1)People may stop worrying about AIDS.2)realistic.3)who think AIDS is the country's top health killer has fallen.4)More and more people die of AIDS now.5)central idea.第九篇 U.S. to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January1)The aim of the study is to find new ways to2)Researchers will collect all the following EXCEPT3)It is expected that through the study the nation's health care costs4)The babies of the participants will be followedWhich is NOT true of the people in the study?1)prevent or treat illness.2)samples of air and water from hospitals.3)Will be lowered in the long run.4)for more than two decades.5)They’ll be from all age groups.第十篇Cigars Instead?1)According to the report, smoking three or four cigars a day2)In the passage how many cancers are mentioned in relation to smoking cigars daily?3)What is the main idea of the article “Cigars: Health Effects and Trends” ?4)What is the d octors’ advice to those cigar-smokers?In the context of this passage, “secondhand smoke” may mean1)greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers.2)Seven.3)When it comes to cancer, cigars are not any safer than cigarettes.4)To give it up completelybeing near cigar smokers when they are smoking.第十一篇 Sleeplessness1)The word “insomnia” means2)How many possible causes of sleeplessness are mentioned in the second paragraph?3)The expression “Second on the list” in the second paragraph means4)Concerning the use of sleeping pills, which of the following statements is true?Which of the following does not fit with sleep hygiene?1)having trouble falling asleep.2)Six.3)the second most important cause of sleeplessness.4)Sleeping pills should be used in a very small amount.Make a rule to go to bed at a specific time every day.第十二篇 Common-cold Sense1)According to the essay, you may have a cold because2)The best way to keep yourself from getting colds is3)Children have more colds because4)When you are having a cold,When one is having a cold, he often has some symptoms EXCEPT1)the spread of rhinoviruses gets people infected.2)to keep yourself clean.3)they are not immune to many cold viruses.4)it is certainly not the same kind of cold that you had last time.having a stomachache.第十三篇 Drug Reactions--a Major Cause of Death1)Researchers at the University of Toronto believe that2)The investigators say that3)An American research estimates that the total sum of money spent in treating ADRs each year is as much as4)The Canadian investigators think that5)According to Dr. David Bates, hospitals in America6)ADRs have caused many deaths in America over the past 30 years.7) 6. 7% of all hospitalized patients in American experience ADRs each year on average.8)$ 4, 000, 000, 000.9)Are perhaps less than the real amountare not paying enough attention to possibilities of ADR happenings.第十四篇 Dreams1)There are in general two opinions about what we experience in a dream:2)According to this article, we3)In your dreams, you4)This essay tells us thatBased on what is discussed in this writing, an adult may have at most about _______ of the time of his or her sleep dreaming.1)one, dreams put new information into our memories, and two, dreams have real meanings in pictures differentfrom our logical thinking.2)almost always see different “pictures” when we are dreaming.3)seldom feel fear now and joy later.4)people usually dream in an REM sleep. 25%第十五篇Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay1)According to a study author, when people with a positive emotional style do get a cold, they may think2)People with a positive emotional style may have all o[ the following characteristics EXCEPT3)Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics that people with a negative emotional style may have?4)How did the researchers test their volunteers?Which of the following items is NOT included in the data that the researchers collected?1)that their illness is not so serious2)selfish3)Warm-blooded.4)By giving everyone nasal drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus.5)Blood test.第十六篇 Sleep1)The question raised in Paragraph 2 is “no mere academic one” .2)According to the passage, the main problem about night work is that3)According to the passage, the best solution to the problem seems to be4)In the second paragraph, “the third” me ansIn the last sentence of the second paragraph, “another” means1)because shift work in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits.2)your life is disturbed by changing from day to night routines and back.3)to employ people who will always work at night.4)the third week.another routine.B*第十七篇 Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost1)What form of potato is the most nutrient to the human body?2)What does the reduction in leucocyte levels in the body mean?3)For what a purpose did the researchers use raw potato starch in their experiment?4)All of the following foods are rich in resistant starch EXCEPTWhat a kind of starch is resistant starch after all?1)Potato salad.2)It may mean the reduced levels of inflammation.3)They wanted to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch.4)vegetablesIt cannot be digested in the small intestine and ferments in the large intestine.*第十八篇（新增）Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics1）How could most elderly type II diabetics stop taking insulin?2）Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by3）The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included4）To what a degree have diebetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect'?5）.According to Deta, among most diabetics the importance of exercise is_______ the importance of watching their diet. 1）By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.2）30 per cent.3）both A and B.4）To the degree where they begin to sweat5）less understood than . *第十九篇 Adaptation of Living Things1)Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may2)In the first paragraph, the word “environments” could best be replaced by3)It can be inferred from this passage that the feathers of a bird are colored4)Which of the following is not directly mentioned in the passage?The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to that a living thing may have the ability1)become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind.2)surroundings.3)to match its environment.4) A living organism may adapt in its sleeping habit.to create an environment of its own.*第二十篇 FDA: Human, Animal Waste Threatens Produce1)“Food-borne diseases” in this essay means those diseases2)Some fruit grower groups believe that most food-borne diseases are caused by3)An FDA official said that putting the guidelines into practice4)Consumer groups criticized the FDA guidelines because they didn’t think that these guidelinesThe last paragraph suggests that1)which people get by eating fruits which have been polluted2)people involved in distributing fresh produce.3)would not be very expensive.4)would surely be carried out.a good way should be found to encourage foreign growers to follow the FDA guidelines.*第二十一篇 Early or Later Day Care1)Which of the following statements would Bowlby support?2)Which of the following is derivable from Bowlby’s work?3)It is suggested that modern societies differ from traditional societies in that4)Which of the following stat ements is NOT an argument against Bowlby’s theory?Which of the following best expresses the writer’s attitude towards early day care?1)The first three years of one's life is extremely important to the later development of personality.2)Mothers should not send their children to day care centers until they are three years of older.3)the parents-child relationship is more exclusive in modern societies.4)Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.The issue is controversial and its settlement calls for the use of statistics.*第二十二篇 Egypt Felled by Famine1)Why does the author mention “pyramid builders”?2)Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilization of ancient Egypt?3)Which of the following statements is true?4)According to Krom, Egypt’s Old Kingdom fellthe word “devastating” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by1)Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization.2)Change of climate.3)The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.4)immediately after a period of drought.5)“damaging”.*第二十三篇After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman's Suicide1)Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis?2)It was considered fortunate by Stokes’ mother in the miserable event3) A patient suffering from “baby blues” may present briefly one or more of the following symptoms EXCEPT4)How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression?Who induced the most serious consequence among the postpartum depression patients mentioned in the passage?1)Inflamed breast.2)that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her.3)having an intention of suicide.4)About one fifth of them.Judy Kirby of Indianapolis.*第二十四篇（新增） Preventing Child Maltreatment1) The difficult situation in the global estimates of the child maltreatment is factors EXCEPT ___________ according to the passage.2) Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?3) Many homicide deaths in children under 15 are wrongly categorized into the following types EXCEPT__________________ according to the passage.4) Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the bad impact caused bychild maltreatment?5) The maltreated children often bear all the following characteristics EXCEPT______________ according to the passage.1) there is a shortage of the professional data collectors2) 25-50% of all children were reported to have been physically abused.3) diarrhea4) The child will behave badly in his memory of his childhood when he grows up.5) they often try their best to meet the requirements from their parents*第二十五篇 Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements1)Who is NOT a likely candidate for this year's Nobel Prize in medicine?2)Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?3)Which was NOT originally one of the Nobel Prizes?4)The word "kicks" in line 6 from the bottom probably meansThe research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role of1)Linda Buck.2)He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.3)The economics prize.4)excitement.telomerase in the growth of cancer cells.*第二十六篇 Obesity: the Scourge of the Western World1)It is estimated that there are _____ people suffering from obesity in the world.2)It seems that the _____ people are least affected by obesity among the developed countries and areas mentioned in thepassage.3)Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?4)What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure?From the last paragraph we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by Ludnik to prevent children from being obese would be1)250,000,0002)Japanese3)Diabetes.4)The more body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.to tell them to spend less time watching TV.*第二十七篇New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus1)According to the passage, the attempt to eradicate the AIDS virus2)Which is NOT true about the study?3)What do He’s words “Bear in mind undetectable does not equal absent “mean?4)How do we prove that the drugs have wiped out the remaining viruses?Other scientists are looking at experiments that are similar in that they are1)continues to be hopeful.2)16 patients did not go through the whole study.3)AIDS virus can be undetectable in the blood.4)by stopping the drugs to see if the virus comes back.bold.*第二十八篇Diseases of Agricultural PlantsHow many diseases are known to attack wheat?According to this passage, which of the following would a plant disease result in if left unchecked?What is the main idea of the second paragraph?According to the passage, some plant diseases can be prevented byWhich of the following statements is not true?1)Around 40.2)Social upheavals.3)Some plants have relative immunity to a great many diseases, while others have a susceptibility to them.4)Inoculation.Symptoms are always helpful in identifying diseases*第二十九篇Obesity1)What is obesity?2)If we say that “fat is critical for good health,” we mean that3)If a woman is 1.6m tall and weighs 49 kg, she4) A heavy man5)According to this article, fat people may be6)Obesity is being too fat.7)fat is very important for people to keep healthy.8)should not be considered unhealthy.9)may have muscle tissue that weighs more than fat.looked down upon by others第三十篇 Silent and Deadly1)Which of the following is NOT true of mini-strokes?2)To prevent mini-strokes from turning into major strokes, it is important to3)The passage indicates that the symptoms of mini-strokes4)All of the following may be signs of mini-strokes EXCEPT forIt can be inferred from the passage that mini-strokes are1)The cause of them remains unidentified.2)seek prompt medical treatment.3)are frequently hard to recognize.4)severe headache caused by external injury.silent and deadly.第三十一篇 Spacing in Animals1)Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of Flight Distance?2)If an animal’s critical distance is penetrated, it will3)According to the passage, social distance refers to4)Which of the following could best replace the word “band” in “We can think of it as a hidden band that contains thegroup” (in Paragraph 3)?The example of the children holding hands when crossing the street in the last paragraph shows that1)Distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeing.2)begin to attack.3)psychological distance.4)Strip of landsocial distance is sometimes determined by outside factors.*第三十二篇 Fruit and Vegetable Juices as Beneficial to Health as Fruits and Veggies1）What on earth in both fruits and vegetables and their juices plays the most important role in reducing risk for diseases? 2）The judgment that fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial to reducing chronic disease development is3）The review of the literature has documented the important role of fruit and vegetable juices in reducing the risk of various disease, _________ in particular.4）A large epidemiological study also found that using various 100% fruit and vegetable juices contributed to a reduced risk for_________.5）People who drink 3--4 servings of fruit and vegetable juices weekly may __________ risk of developing Alzheimer's disease ________ those who drink only once a week.1)Fiber and antioxidant.2)incorrect3)cancer and cardiovascular disease4)Alzheimer's disease5)have three quarters lower, than*第三十三篇In-line Skating and Injuries1）How many people took part in in-line skating in the US in 1995?2）Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the most common reason for injuries?3）What are the things experts might NOT advise youngsters to wear?4）“Truck-surfing” means5）According to the last paragraph, bumping with a motor vehicle took up of the deaths reported since 1992.1)Fewer than 17. 7 million.2)Skating with wrist and elbow wounds.3)Boots and thick clothes.4)skating while holding onto a moving truck.over 80%。

职称英语考试/备考辅导2016年职称英语理工类C级完形填空文章(3)Car Thieves could Be Stopped RemotelySpeeding off ina stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in a nasty surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.For now, such devices are only available for fleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars, and are be available to ordinary cars in the UK in two months.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car incorporates a miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellitepositioning receiver. If the car isstolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle's engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.There are even plans for immobilizers that shut down vehicles on the move, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system.In the UK. An array of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. "The pattern of vehicles crime has changed," says Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire that is funded in part by the motor insurance industry.He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are a far tougher proposition, as their engine management computer will not allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owner's keys in a burglary. In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken using the owner's keys double the previous year's figure.Remote-controlled immobilization system would put a major new obstacle in the criminal's way by making such thefts pointless. A group that includes That cham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could go on the market sooner than the customer远程制止偷车贼超速驾驶在偷来的汽车里，偷车贼以为自己大获全胜。

XX年职称英语真题完形填空原文xx年职称英语真题完形填空原文刀要磨才锋利，人要学才聪明。

以下是为大家搜索的xx年真题完形填空原文，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!Two scientists who have won praise for research intothe growth of cancer cells could be candidates for theNobel Prize in medicine when the xx winners arepresented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobelannouncements.Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn andAmerican Carol Greider have already won a series ofmedical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.Only seven women have won the medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in xx，who shared the prizewith Richard Axel.Among the pair's possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evansand El wood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormonereceptors.As usual, the award mittee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presentingits decision in a news conference at Stockholm's Karolinska Institute.Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in thecategories of medicine，physics，chemistry，literature and peace. The economies pijize istechnically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden's central bank.Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awardedfor a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research.Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize mittee, said the 10 million kronor (US $1.3million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was theprimary goal for scientists.”Individual researchers probably don't look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners whenthey're at work,” Jornvall told The Associated Press. ”They get their kicks from their researchand their interest in how life functions. ”In xx，Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of JohnsHopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medical research with JackSzostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for7 research suggesting thatcancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.两位因研究癌细胞的生长而贏得赞誉的科学家可能成为xx年诺贝尔医学奖的候选人，周一将为医学获奖者进展颁奖，从而开始诺贝尔奖为期六天的公布。