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2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（定语从句）考点清单一、关系代词that和which要点精讲1：1.that用作关系代词，指人或物；在句中作主语、宾语，有时作表语；2.that用作关系副词，作方式状语（that相当于in which，可以省略），先行词是the way。
3.只用that不用which的场合：①先行词既为人又为物时；②先行词被序数词词或形容词最高级修饰时；③先行词是all, much, little, everything, nothing. anything等不定代词时；④先行词被only, very, little, all等修饰时。
【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7. (2018·全国II)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.【答案与解析】1. that。
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（状语从句一）教师版状语从句分类及连接词考点清单一、让步状语从句要点精讲1：though/although引导的让步状语从句although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，与although 替换，也可用倒装语序，与as替换。
特别注意：although, though从句均不能与but连用。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2015﹒湖南改编)________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.2. (2015﹒福建改编)_________the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.【答案与解析】1. Though/Although。
Though/Although引导让步状语从句。
故答案是Though/Although。
2. Though/Although。
Though/Although引导让步状语从句，while也可以。
故答案是Though/Although。
要点精讲2：as/though引导的让步状语从句as/though引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语（形容词、名词）、状语（副词）或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
特别注意as/though后面仍是陈述语序。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。
3. Much ______I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.4. Strange ________ it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.5. Try ________ she might, Carolina couldn't get the door open.6. Doctor as he is, but he knows little about medicine. 改错7. Heavy as it is raining, they are still working outside. 改错【答案与解析】3. as/though。
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（虚拟语气）考点清单一、if引起的虚拟条件句要点精讲1：与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时(be 动词用were),主句用would/could +do。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I_________(have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.【答案与解析】1. had。
语境暗示从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时。
故答案是had。
要点精讲2：与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时,主句用would/could/might have done。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
2.If the captain had been more careful, his ship(sink).【答案与解析】2. wouldn’t have sunk。
结合语境主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用would have done，且是否定形式。
故答案是wouldn’t have sunk。
要点精讲3：与将来事实相反,从句谓语三选一：①一般过去时②were to do ③should do,主句用would do。
例5：If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
3. This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.4. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she___________(live) there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.【答案与解析】3. should。
状语从句知识点讲解定义：在句中作状语的从句叫状语从句，修饰主句中的谓语局部。
考点：状语从句有九种，其主要考点为各类连接词，理解句子即可。
一、时间状语从句(1) when/while/as1)when引导的时间状语从句意为“当・・•时候”，表示从句和主句的动作先后或者同时发生。
从句中的谓语动词可以用短暂性动词也可以用延续性动词。
例如：When the teacher came in, we were talking.When I first arrived on this country, I had nothing.2)While引导的时间状语从句意为“当…时候二表示从句和主句的动作同时发生。
从句中的谓语动词必须用延续性动词。
例如：I was sleeping while Tom was watching TV.3)as弓|导的时间状语从句意为“一边…一边”，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。
例如：She sang as she worked.练一练：1.you came in, I was talking with a few boys.1.1t started to rain we were playing outdoors.3.They talked they walked down the river.4.it was raining, the students were playing basketball.5.Tom watched TV he ate supper.(2)before指主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。
after指主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。
例如：I'll be backbefore.你离开之前我就会回来。
What will you do after you graduate?你毕业之后想要干什么？(3)since引导的时间状语从句，从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时，主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时例如:He has been worried since the letter arrived.自从收到信,他就一直很担忧。
2022届高考英语一轮复习讲解：状语从句【知识要点】定义：用来充当状语的句子称为状语从句。
功能：它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词、形容词或副词等，有时修饰整个句子。
位置：状语从句的位置较活：可以放在主句之前，用逗号与主句隔开；也可以放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。
由于它是从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况，所以常见的状语从句有九种之多。
各种不同的状语从句所使用的关系词也各不相同。
一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词有很多，现将分类用法如下：，whie与a连词用法谓语动词意义例句whe n从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。
可以指时间的某个点，也指一段时间。
延续性动词非延续性动词当……时候When the heard thenew，the a umLondonLondoning我一听到声音，就知道是父亲来了。
No ooner had we arrived at the tation than the train eft我们一到达车站，车就开了。
注：no oonerthan; hard/carcewhen这一结构的时态搭配：no ooner与hard/carce引导的主句谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when的从句中谓语应用一般过去时。
此外，当把no ooner和hard/carce提到句首时，应用倒装语序。
我一到家，天就开始下雨了。
I had hard got home when it began to rain→Hard had I got home when it began to rain，unti notunti/ti直到……才连词用法动词意义例句ti/unti主语和从句都用肯定式主句的动词为连续性动词一直到……为止I’ ta here ti/unti therain toe to hee，do remember to bring our on here下次你来的时候，一定要记得把你儿子带来。
专题06 从句（定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句）Part01 定语从句1：考点梳理1.引导定语从句的关系词；2.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；3.“介词＋关系代词”的结构；4.关系词之间的异同及选用。
考点1定语从句的种类(1)限制性定语从句从句在句中是不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思往往不明确，与主句之间不用逗号隔开。
This is the house which we bought last month.(2)非限制性定语从句从句是对主句或先行词的补充和说明，去掉后不影响主句的意思，与主句之间往往用逗号隔开。
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词/指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.考点2 关系代词与关系副词关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who 人主语Do you know the man who is talking with yourmother?whom,which和that在从句中作宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用thatwhom 人宾语Mr Smith is the person with whom I am working.The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose 人、物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.that 人、物主语、宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which 物主语、宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident wasterrible.as 人、物主语、宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.as作宾语一般不省略关系副词when 时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on which替换where 地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in which替换why 原因原因状I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my 可用for which语offer. 替换考点3关系代词that和which的特殊用法1. 限制性定语从句中，只用关系代词that的情况：(1)先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词。
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（现在分词）教师版考点清单一、现在分词作状语要点精讲：1. 现在分词可以作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果状语，强调与句子主语之间主动关系；2.现在分词一般式doing表示与谓语动词（几乎）同时发生；having done则表示该动作先于谓语动作发生。
例1：Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. （作时间状语，相当于When she saw those pictures）例2：Being ill, he didn’t go to school. （作原因状语，相当于As he was ill）例3：He sat on the sofa, watching TV.（作伴随状语，相当于He sat on the sofa and watched TV.）例4：Her mother died in 1990, l eaving her with her younger brother. （作结果状语，相当于and left…）例5：Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel. （作时间状语，先回信后阅读）【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.2. He was busy writing a story, only (stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.3.(ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.【答案与解析】1. Finding。
find与句子主语之间主动关系，应用现在分词。
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（动词不定式）考点清单一、不定式作主语要点精讲：1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为) 2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-to do短语作主语(谓语用单数)。
3.常考句型It is+ adj. +of / forsb to do sth 结构；It takes sb. time to do sth.等。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It took years of work _____________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.2. It’s important for the figures _____________(update) regularly.3. When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown.【答案与解析】1. to reduce。
It takes sb. time to do sth.是常用句型，不定式短语作真正主语。
故答案是to reduce。
2. to be updated。
定期更新数据很重要，数据是被更新的，故答案是to be updated。
3. remains。
wh-to do短语作主语，谓语用单数。
故答案是remains。
考点清单二、不定式作宾语要点精讲1：只接to do作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的--manage, expect, choose, afford/ agree/ attempt, refuse, fail, intend, plan/pretend/promise, seem, decide/desire/determine【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
2022届高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编精品讲义定语从句与状语从句Juia wa good at German, French and Ruian, a of ______ hee bac to e是短暂性动词，而whie从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，所以排除C, when引导时间状语从句，与now对称。
1 表示带有规律性的“每当”或从句和主句的动作存在先后关系时，一般用when。
2 表达“随着”或“一边……一边……”的含义，一般用a。
3 a作“当……时候”解，从句的谓语一般不可是状态动词。
4 whie从句的谓语动词不可是短暂性的。
考点2时间、条件状语从句的时态一致性例1：The big fire ated a ong a 24 hour ______ it wa brought under contro 山西太原五中2022— 2022学年度第二学期月考A afterB beforeC aheadD ince【解析】选B。
before 引导时间状语从句用于以下句型：①时间段＋before从句表示“隔了多少时间才…”；②it wi be/ won't be ong before从句，表示“很久就……/不久就……”。
该句表示：大火一直持续了长达24小时才被控制住。
例2：A i reight, Sue coudn't get the door oight＝ Though he might tr，该句型主要有以下几种形式：①零冠词名词＋a ＋主语＋be ②形容词＋名词＋a ＋主语＋be ③动词原形＋a＋主语＋情态动词a引导原因状语从句说明原因语气较弱，着重点在主句，常译为“由于，因为”。
例2：______ he wa, he often ended uind ______ food i to the bodA whatB thatC whichD of which【解析】选A。
该句意为“阅读之于心灵犹如食物之于身体”。
2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（状语从句一）学生版状语从句分类及连接词考点清单一、让步状语从句要点精讲1：though/although引导的让步状语从句although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，与although 替换，也可用倒装语序，与as替换。
特别注意：although, though从句均不能与but连用。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. (2015﹒湖南改编)________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.2. (2015﹒福建改编)_________the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.要点精讲2：as/though引导的让步状语从句as/though引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语（形容词、名词）、状语（副词）或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。
特别注意as/though后面仍是陈述语序。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。
3. Much ______I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.4. Strange ________ it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.5. Try ________ she might, Carolina couldn't get the door open.6. Doctor as he is, but he knows little about medicine. 改错7. Heavy as it is raining, they are still working outside. 改错要点精讲3：while引导的让步状语从句while“虽然，尽管”，多用于正式文体，且多位于句首，可以与though, although替换。
注意while还可以位于句中，表示前后对比，意为“不过，但是”。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
8.（2016·浙江改编）_____________ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.9. There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _____ another man, also intelligent, fails.要点精讲4：even if和even though引导的让步状语从句even if和even though引导让步状语从句时，可以互换，都表示“即使，纵然”。
注意as if/though表示“好像”，意思不同，后接从句根据需要可用虚拟语气或陈述语气。
10. Don’t handle the vase ______though it were made of steel.11. (2016·北京改编) My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even _________ he’s in his nineties.要点精讲5：“no matter＋疑问词”与“疑问词＋ever”引导的让步状语从句“no matter＋疑问词”相当于“疑问词＋ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。
whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句，但“no matter＋疑问词”不可以。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
12. --How about camping this weekend, just for a change? --OK, ________ you want.13._________well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.14. No matter _________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.15. The map is one of the best tools a man has ________ he goes to a new place.16. In peace, the Red Cross is expected to send help ________ there is human suffering.要点精讲6：whether ... or...引导的让步状语从句whether ... or ... 引导让步状语从句,表示“不论……还是……”，提供两种对比情况。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
17. __________the president is in favor of the plan or not, we will carry it out.考点清单二、条件状语从句要点精讲1：if引导的条件状语从句if可引导非真实条件状语从句(见＂虚拟语气＂)和真实条件状语从句。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
18. ____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. (全国2007II)要点精讲2：unless引导的条件状语从句unless引导的条件状语从句，在意义上相当于if...not，而且语气较强，表示“除非，如果不”。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
19. (2015﹒江苏)It is so cold that you can’t go outside _____ fully covered in thick clothes.要点精讲3：only if引导的条件状语从句①only if在引导条件状语从句时意为＂只有……(才)；只有在……的时候，唯一的条件是……＂。
②if only 意为“但愿；要是……就好了”，引导的从句要用虚拟语气（与现在的情况相反时，从句用一般过去时；与过去的情况相反时，从句用过去完成时；与将来的情况相反时，谓语用“would/could＋动词原形”。
）【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
20. ______ you eat the correct foods will you be able to keep fit and stay healthy.21. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ______________(follow) your advice.要点精讲4：其他条件状语从句①as/so long as意为＂只要；如果＂。
②provided (that)/providing (that)意为＂假如；如果＂。
③on condition that（条件是）和suppose / supposing (that)（假设；如果）也可引导条件状语从句。
【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
22. One’s life has value as _______as one brings value to the life of others.23. ___________(provide) that you clear your desk by this evening, you can have tomorrow off.24. ___________(suppose) that he does not come, shall we go without him?25. We will let you operate this new machine on condition ___________ you follow the operating rules.要点精讲5：in case/for fear that/lest/once等引导的条件状语从句①in case，for fear that和lest这三个从属连词都表示否定目的，意思是＂以免＂，＂以防＂。
②in case 从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式，也可以是虚拟语气形式；③for fear that引导的从句中的谓语带有may，might，should等情态动词；④lest用于正式文体，它所引导的从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气形式。
⑤once 引导条件状语从句表示“一旦，万一”。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
26. I'll be out for some time. In________ anything important happens, call me up immediately.27. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear __________ he should catch cold.28. ________ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.考点清单三、目的状语从句要点精讲：so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句①so that＂为了；以便＂。
so that通常可以与in order that换用，它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后，在非正式文体中，常省略that。
②in order that＂为了；以便＂。
多用于正式文体，通常可以与so that 换用。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
29. (2018·天津改编)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.考点清单四、结果状语从句要点精讲1：so that/such that引导的结果状语从句①so that引导的结果状语从句只能位于主句之后，中间可以有逗号。
