新视野大学英语1【语言学习要点】

Language Points in Unit 10 Being honest and open Sentence analysis1. They had a simple saying hanging on their living-room wall: “Life is like a field of newly fallen snow. Where I choose to walk every step will show.” (Line 2)句中“Life is like a field…”运用了明喻的修辞手法生动地说明了生活的实质。

①明喻(Simile) 是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，其基本格式是“A 像B”，常用的比喻词有“as, like, as if, as though” 等。

②句中“where”作连词用，引起地点状语。

意为：“at the place (at) which” 在任何地方“to any place that” 去任何地方。

Translations:英译汉并指出句中明喻。

1)Living without an aim is like sailingwithout a compass. (John Ruskin).生活没有目标犹如航行没有指南针。

2)Records fell like ripe apples on a windy day. (E.B. White)被打破的记录犹如刮风天成熟的苹果——纷纷坠落。

3)I am as light as a feather, I am as happy as an angel, I am as merry as a schoolboy...(Charles Dickens)我像羽毛一样轻，我像天使一样幸福, 我像小学生一样快活······Complete the following sentences with “where” as a conjunction.Where ignorance is bliss, it is folly to be wise.如果无知是福的话，愚蠢就是智慧。

新视野大学英语第一册教学目标和重难点单元语言知识语言技能单词短语语法结构1Frustrate, intimidate, reward, virtual, assignment, embarrass, reap, insight, favorite, gap, positive, access，senior, junior,former, unlike, opportunity, communicate, medium, participate, discipline, minimum, continual,expand, aware, unique,ideal, barrier, reflect, critical, ability, perspective, peer, instruct, arise,absolute, reinforce, requirement, commit, input, essential, challenge, normally, sequence, vital,effectivebe well worth sth./doing sth. be far from, acouple of, get access to, keep up with, feel like sth./doing sth., come across, reap the benefit of, trade…for, reachout to, play a role in,become aware of, inaddition ,reflect on , allow fornot only…but also结构(第一个分句用倒装)；V-ing phrase结构(表伴随、原因、结果等)。

写作：cause-effect段落写作阅读技巧：利用上下文提示猜测词义(Find out wordmeaningsthrough context clues)2Offensive, disturb, wrap, makeup, disgust, annoy, tattoo, piece, bang,instrument，horrible, stuff, rhythm, definitely, youngster, musician, grab, thorough, towel, jeans, sweater, toast, blousBlast forth, along with,turn off, burst into, reach for, turn up, turn town, as well as, turnon, as usual, that much, bolt out, make one’sblood boil, get rid of,the knots in one’s stoas引导的时间状语从句；while +V-ing句型写作：sequenced order and use time marker听力理解：地点类阅读技巧：区别事实e, upset, knot, sip, awf ul, fashion, tune, lyric, appeal, rid, teenager, id entify, permanent, radic al, influence, concern, moan, appointment, brie fcase, mature, rebel, pat ience, anchor mach, go too far, dropout of, talk over和观点(Distinguish between factsand opinions)3Lean, severe, cripple, inward, coordinate, halt,impatient, pace, adjust,subway, nasty, wagon,cling, rail, basement, amaze, stress, complain,envy, precious, engage,local, occasion, punch,shove, aid, urge, dive,navy, reluctant, worthy,trifle, collapse, ambulance, locate, emergency,marine, apparent, corps,vehicle, marsh, military, sole, enable, dusk, lobby, dim, oxygen, extend, limp, squeeze, ward, occasional, tank, staff, exchange, inform, sympathy, interrupt, startle, exit, funeral, personnGrow up, start out, make it, even if, subject to, now that, even though, in some way, havea good time, break out, on leave, see to, come to, call for, set out, for a while, pay noattention to, now and then, with that, on one’s way to, turn outEven though引导的让步状语从句；once引导的时间状语从句写作：a paragraph ofa general point supported by examples听力理解：对话应试技巧: 比较与判断阅读技巧：寻求句子的中心意思（Reading for the key ideas nsentences）el4Impression, conscious, attitude, reaction, range,spouse, interview, encounter, focus, persuasion,presentation, physical, appearance, pitch, tone,gesture, absorb, stride, impress, consistent, depress, audience, contact, relax, lighten, entertainment, roar, humor, brood,assume, behavior, estimate, partial, account, aggressive, resent, status,aspiration, promote, conviction, religious, token, badge, achievement,architecture, rigid, norm, styleMake up one’s mind, range from…to, focus on, drive sb. crazy, at one’s best, communicatewith, lighten up, take…seriously, lack of ,find out, in relation to,become acquainted with, pick up, in part, account for, feel at home, be content with, awealth ofSo…that结构。

Fresh StartPart IUNDERSTANDING AND LEARNINGThe first unit of the first book of our series meets students who have just entered college or university and are beginning a new phase in their lives. We hope that students will be able to talk about their expectations of their college experience, and they will be aware of the expectations their parents and their educators have of them.Text A is a university president's welcome speech, in which the president gives valuable guidance to and expresses expectations of freshman students.Text B is a letter written by a father to his child who is about to start college, in which the father expresses his expectations of the child. We hope that the two texts will stimulate students to share their own expectations regarding their college experience; and we also hope the two texts will help students look from a new perspective at the expectations their educators and their parents have of them.Text A shows characteristics of a speech. Pronouns I, we and you are more frequently used than in other kinds of writing because the speaker is addressing the audience directly, hoping to motivate the audience and to gain their support and understanding. In a speech, the speaker can employ a variety of figures of speech to make his speech vivid and powerful, such as simile, metaphor, contrast, parallelism, and repetition. A very common figure of speech is parallelism. In parallelism, coordinate ideas are arranged in words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs to emphasize and point out relations. In Text A, for example, the president uses many sentences of parallel structure. This makes his speech powerful, persuasive, and thought-provoking. It can even produce humorous effect as in the example: "You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! "The most obvious feature of Text B is that it contains many imperative sentences, and these sentences tend to be brief. An imperative sentence advises, instructs, requests, or commands. It begins with a verb; the implied subject is you. In Text B, a father makes use of imperative sentences to give advice and instructions to his child who has just left home for college. For example: "Don't be bound by what other people think." "Pick friends who are genuine and sincere." "Become the great thinker you were born to be."In class the teacher can make students compare the writing styles of Text A and Text B. Class activities may include pair work, group discussions, and mini- surveys about students' high school experience, their families and friends, and their expectations of college life. Section AToward a brighter future for allBackground information1.American higher education In the United States, students can choose to go to college afterhigh school. (They can also choose to go straight to the workforce after high school.) Theyhave the option of attending a two-year community college before applying to a four-year university. Admission to community college is easier, tuition is lower, and class sizes are often smaller than at a university. Community college students can earn an associate degree and transfer up to two years of course credits to a university.College and university students need to pay tuition, but many earn scholarships or receive loans. Although admissions policies vary from one university to another, most determine admission based on several criteria, including a student's high school course of study, high school Grade Point Average (GPA), participation in extracurricular activities, SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test) or ACT (American College Testing) exam scores, a written essay, and possibly a personal interview with a representative from the admissions office.Most students in the United States take the SAT Reasoning Test or the ACT during their final year of high school. Each university sets a minimum SAT or ACT score that a student must achieve in order to gain admission. These are standardized quantitative examinations. The SAT tests critical reading, mathematics, and writing skills. The ACT tests English, mathematics, reading, science reasoning, and includes an optional writing test.Extracurricular activities may include scholastic clubs, athletic teams, student government, and philanthropic clubs. V oluntary participation in these kinds of activities is an indication that a student has learned valuable life lessons, such as teamwork, leadership, or civic responsibility.University students pursuing a bachelor's degree are called "undergraduates"; students pursuing a master's or doctoral degree are called "graduate students". Most universities give undergraduate students a liberal education, which means students are required to take courses across several disciplines before they specialize in a major field of study. Graduate and professional programs, such as medicine or law, are specialized. All degree programs require students to complete a minimum number of credit hours before graduating.Selection for admission to a graduate program is based on several criteria. These include completion of a bachelor's degree, the student's undergraduate coursework and GPA. Students are also expected to write an essay as part of their application or to submit a writing sample. Most master's programs require students to have a minimum score on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), which tests verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, critical thinking, and analytical writing skills.Students continue to take courses at the graduate level. A final thesis is required for most master's programs. Doctoral students take courses until they have earned enough credit hours to attempt their qualifying examinations. These are usually taken over several days and often include a written and oral component. After doctoral students pass their qualifying exams, they are advanced to candidacy and can begin writing their dissertation. Before the degree is given, the completed dissertation must be orally defended before the candidate's faculty committee.[2] Vera Wang Vera Wang (1949- ) is a Chinese- American fashion designer. She was born andraised in New York City. While trained as a figure skater in high school, she eventually earneda degree in art history from Sarah Lawrence College in 1971. But a career in fashion was herdream. She worked as a semor fashion editor for V ogue magazine for 15 years. In 1985, she left Vogue and joined Ralph Lauren as a design director for two years. In 1990, she opened her own design salon in New York, and featured her trademark bridal gowns. Wang has made wedding gowns for many celebrities and public figures, such as Jennifer Lopez, Sharon Stone and Chelsea Clinton.Detailed Study of the Text1 Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of yourparents and teachers. (Para.11 Meaning: Your entering this university is an important success. This success is due to manyyears of your hard work, and many years of your parents' and teachers' hard word work:.★triumph: n.【C] an important victory or successafter a difficult struggle（尤指苦战后获得的）胜利，成功，成就Winning the championship was口great personal triumph for this young tennis player.赢得冠军对这个年轻的网球运动员来说是很大的个人成就。

U2Part 1（Paras. 1~ 4）The talk between Sandy and her father.Part 2（Para. 5）Morning washing.Part 3（Paras. 6~ 20）The conversation between Sandy and her mother.Part 4（Paras. 21~ 28）The talk between Sandy’s father and mother about the problemsthey had with their daughter.Part 5（Para. 29）The mother’s consideration for how to talk to her daughter. General ideas:This article shows us the different attitudes of two generations towards some questions through the conversation between the parents and the daughter on a busy morning and draws the more serious questions of generation gap. From this article we can have some ideas of the aspects in which generation gap exists in America and their different views towards the same things.Words and Expressions:This study concerns couples' expectations of marriage.这项研究涉及夫妻对婚姻的期待。

第三版新视野大学英语1-unit1学习指南本研究指南旨在帮助学生有效地研究第三版新视野大学英语1中的第一单元内容。

以下是一些研究建议和策略，以帮助你充分理解和掌握本单元的知识。

1. 阅读教材认真阅读教材中的每一篇文章和相关练题。

将重点内容标记出来，理解文章的主旨和主要细节。

在阅读过程中，注意词汇和句子的用法，并尝试归纳总结每篇文章的要点。

2. 研究词汇词汇是语言研究的基础，要用心研究本单元中的生词和短语。

可以通过制作词汇卡片、使用词汇记忆软件或与同学互相测试等方式来巩固词汇记忆。

3. 完成练题教材中的练题是巩固研究成果的重要方式。

认真完成每个练题，确保理解题目要求并能正确应用所学知识。

如有不理解的地方，可以寻求同学或老师的帮助。

4. 参与课堂讨论积极参与课堂讨论可以加深对研究内容的理解。

在课堂上，发表自己的观点、提出问题，并与同学互动交流。

这不仅可以加深自己的理解，还可以从他人的观点中获得新的启发。

5. 制定研究计划制定一个合理的研究计划，安排每天的研究时间。

将研究分成小块，每块专注于一项任务或目标。

遵守研究计划，并保持持续的研究动力。

6. 多种方式研究除了课本研究，还可以通过听英语广播、看英语电影和听英语歌曲等方式来提升英语听力和口语能力。

多种方式的研究可以使你的语言技能得到全面提高。

记住，学习是一个持续的过程，需要坚持和努力。

通过以上的学习建议和策略，相信你能够在第一单元中取得良好的学习效果。

祝你学习顺利！。

大一新视野英语语法知识点1. 介词介词是连接名词短语或代词短语与其他词或短语的词类。

英语中常见的介词有in、on、at、by、with等。

例如：- I live in a small town.（我住在一个小镇上。

）- She is sitting on the chair.（她正坐在椅子上。

）- He went to school by bus.（他乘公交车去学校。

）2. 助动词助动词用于构成时态、语态、情态等，常见的助动词有be、do、have等。

例如：- I am studying English.（我正在学习英语。

）- Does she like reading?（她喜欢阅读吗？）- They have finished their homework.（他们已经完成了作业。

）3. 直接引语与间接引语直接引语是将别人的原话直接引用，需要用引号引起来。

间接引语则是将别人的原话转述，不需要引号。

例如：- He said, "I love you."（他说：“我爱你。

”）- She told me that she loved me.（她告诉我她爱我。

）4. 被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，常常由助动词be和及物动词的过去分词构成。

例如：- The book was written by Mark Twain.（这本书是马克·吐温写的。

）- The cake has been eaten by someone.（蛋糕已经被某人吃掉了。

）5. 并列句并列句由两个或多个相互独立的句子通过连词连接而成，连接词包括and、but、or等。

例如：- I like to read, and my brother likes to play sports.（我喜欢阅读，而我弟弟喜欢运动。

）- She is not here, but I will leave her a message.（她不在这里，但我会给她留个言。

新视野大学英语1【语言学习要点】新视野大学英语1Unit 1 Learning a Foreign Language (2)Unit 2 A Busy Weekday Morning (5)Unit 3 A Good Heart to Lean on (10)Unit 4 How to Make a Good Impression (15)Unit 5 Battle Against AIDS (23)Unit 7 Face to Face with Guns (24)Unit 10 Being Honest and Open (28)Unit 1 Learning a Foreign LanguageI. Language PointsA：Expressions:1. to be well worth the effort2. to be at the top of the class3. to lose the desire to say anything in English4. to be far from perfect5. to stay at the same level forever6.to get access to the necessary equipment7. to keep up with the flow of the course8. to meet the minimum standards set by the course9. to cry with frustration10. to feel like giving up11. to reap the benefits of hard work12. not to trade sth for anything13. to teach me the value of hard work14. to give me insights into another culture15. to keep my mind open to new ways of seeing things16. to bridge the gap between different cultures Examples:1. to be well worth the effort (L. 3) 很值得去努力Not everything in life is well worth our risk. (生活中并非一切都值得我们去冒险。

新视野大学英语第三版1新视野大学英语第三版(1)：开篇导读导读：《新视野大学英语第三版》是一本为大学生量身定制的英语教材。

它旨在帮助学生提高听、说、读、写和翻译等英语语言技能，从而更好地适应大学学习和未来的职业发展。

本文将对该教材的第一部分进行综合介绍，包括单词学习、阅读理解、语法和写作技巧等方面。

一、单词学习：《新视野大学英语第三版》注重单词的学习和掌握。

在第一部分的“单词学习”模块中，学生将学习各种常用词汇，并通过多种形式的练习来巩固记忆。

教材配备了大量的动词、名词、形容词和副词等词汇表，供学生参考和练习。

同时，教材提供了一些实用的记忆方法和技巧，帮助学生更好地掌握单词的拼写和用法。

二、阅读理解：阅读理解是掌握英语语言能力的关键之一。

《新视野大学英语第三版》在第一部分的“阅读理解”模块中提供了丰富多彩的阅读材料，内容涵盖了各个领域，如自然科学、社会科学、人文艺术等。

每篇阅读材料都配有相关的词汇表和问题，学生可以通过阅读和回答问题来提高自己的阅读理解能力。

同时，教材还提供了一些阅读技巧和策略，帮助学生更好地理解和应用所学的知识。

三、语法：语法是英语学习中的重要环节。

《新视野大学英语第三版》在第一部分的“语法”模块中，系统地讲解了各种常用语法知识，如时态、语态、句型等。

教材通过对例句的分析和练习，帮助学生理解和掌握英语语法的规则和用法。

同时，教材还提供了一些常见的语法错误和纠正方法，帮助学生避免在写作和口语表达中犯错。

四、写作技巧：写作是英语学习的重要组成部分。

《新视野大学英语第三版》在第一部分的“写作技巧”模块中，教学生如何进行英语写作。

教材提供了各种写作题目和范文，学生可以通过模仿和练习来提高自己的写作能力。

教材还特别关注写作中的语法和用词问题，帮助学生提高写作的质量和流畅度。

结语：《新视野大学英语第三版》第一部分是一本全面综合的英语教材。

通过学习单词、阅读理解、语法和写作技巧等内容，学生可以全面提高自己的英语语言能力。

Unit 5.Section A单词：acquirevt. 获得He acquired a knowledge of the language by careful study.他通过认真学习掌握了这门语言。

The company has recently acquired a new office building in central Shanghai.这家公司最近在上海市中心买了一栋新的办公楼。

immunea. 1. 免疫的Once you've had the disease, you will be immune to it for life.一旦你得了这种病，你就会对这种病终身免疫。

The medicine will make you immune to the disease.这种药可以使你免于感染这种疾病。

2. 不受影响的You would be immune from punishment if you helped the police find the murderer. 如果你帮警察找到杀人犯，就可免受处罚。

These goods are not immune from customs duties. 这些商品不免税。

deficiencyn. 不足；缺乏The weakness is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C.这种衰弱是由于缺乏维生素C而引起的。

The officer was quite worried about the deficiency in the supply of water.这位军官很担心水供应不足。

syndromen. 综合征The syndrome is likely to strike those whose immunity is weakened.免疫系统受到破坏的人身上可能出现这类综合征。

David was suffering from a Gulf War Syndrome.戴维遭受海湾战争综和征的折磨。

大英新视野大一unit1知识点大英新视野大一Unit 1知识点本文将对大英新视野大一Unit 1的知识点进行介绍。

Unit 1主要包括以下几个部分：language points、key phrases、sentence patterns和culture notes。

下面将分别对这些部分进行详细叙述。

1. Language PointsLanguage Points 是本单元的重点语言知识点。

其中包括词汇、语法和语言表达。

例如，本单元的词汇包括了常用的词汇表达，如名词、形容词、副词、动词等。

同时也包括了一些固定搭配、短语和惯用语。

语法部分主要包括了时态、语态、虚拟语气等语法知识。

例如：present simple tense、passive voice等。

最后，语言表达部分主要包括了交际用语、口语表达、书面表达等。

2. Key PhrasesKey Phrases 是本单元的重点短语。

通过掌握这些短语，能更好地理解和应用在实际生活或者学习当中。

例如：in addition、as a result、on the other hand等常用的关键短语。

3. Sentence PatternsSentence Patterns 是本单元的重点句型。

这些句型可以帮助学生提高语言表达的能力。

例如：It is + adj. + to do sth.、Not only...but also...等句型。

4. Culture NotesCulture Notes 是本单元的文化知识点。

通过了解和学习这些文化知识，可以更好地了解和理解英语国家的文化背景。

例如：英语国家的传统节日、习俗等。

在学习大英新视野大一Unit 1知识点时，可以通过阅读教材中的相关内容，积极参与课堂讨论和活动，或者通过参考外部资源进行拓展学习。

同时，可以结合练习题和模拟考试来检验自己的学习效果，及时总结和反思，提高英语学习的能力。

总结起来，大英新视野大一Unit 1知识点包括Language Points、Key Phrases、Sentence Patterns和Culture Notes。

新视野大一英语知识点作为一本广泛应用于大一英语教学的教材，《新视野大一英语》涵盖了许多重要的英语知识点。

通过系统的学习，学生们将会掌握英语听、说、读、写的基本技能。

本文将围绕《新视野大一英语》教材中的重点知识点展开讨论。

一、语法知识点1. 时态与语态：《新视野大一英语》涵盖了英语中常见的各种时态和语态，如一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时等。

学生们需要学会正确使用这些时态和语态来表达不同的含义和时间概念。

2. 动词的用法：本教材中详细介绍了英语中各类动词的用法，包括不及物动词、及物动词、谓语动词、系动词等。

学生们需要正确理解并熟练运用这些动词，以便准确表达自己的意思。

3. 名词的用法：教材中介绍了英语中的可数名词、不可数名词，以及它们的复数形式和形容词修饰等知识点。

这些知识对于学生们的句子构建和表达准确性至关重要。

4. 代词和指示代词：《新视野大一英语》中对代词和指示代词的用法进行了详细的介绍，学生们需要学会使用这些代词来避免重复使用名词，同时还需要理解指示代词的具体指向。

二、阅读技巧与策略1. 快速阅读技巧：学习如何快速浏览一篇英文文章，掌握文章的主要内容和结构，并快速获取关键信息。

2. 阅读理解策略：通过教材中的阅读理解部分，学习如何精确理解英文文章，找出关键信息和主旨，提高阅读理解能力。

3. 词汇拓展：教材中的阅读部分包含了大量的生词和短语，学生们需要通过上下文推断词义，积累并拓展词汇量。

三、听力技巧1. 听取关键信息：教材中的听力材料包含了各种场景和对话，学生们需要通过倾听并区分信息的重要程度，准确捕捉关键信息。

2. 笔记记录：学生们需要学会在听力过程中做笔记，以帮助记忆并理解听到的内容。

四、口语表达与写作技巧1. 口语表达：教材中的口语部分提供了丰富多样的对话和问题，学生们可以通过模仿和练习来提高口语表达能力，包括正确的语音语调、流畅的口语表达等。

2. 写作技巧：教材中的写作部分给出了写作的指导和范文，学生们可以通过学习这些写作技巧和模板来提高英语写作水平。

1. There was no middle point. (Para.1)Meaning: You couldn’t sit on the fence or be middle-of-the-road: you were either honest or dishonest. Middle point “(figurative) a position which is between two very different onesYou have to decide either to stay at home or to go out with me. There is no middle point.2. They had a simple saying hanging on their living-room wall… (Para.1) hang on : hold something or someone tightlyDon’t hang the picture on that wall as it is facing the sun all day.Hang on tight; it’s going to be a rough ride.3. “Life is like a field of newly fallensnow. Where I choose to walk every step will show.”(Para.1)Meaning: Life is like a field that is covered with fresh snow. When I walk on it, the snow shows every step of mine.4. They understand instinctively that integrity … (Para.2)integrity: n. honestyPeople who lie, cheat, and steal have little integrity.A good judge must act with integrity at all time.5. …involves having a personal standard of morality and boundaries… (p ara.2)morality: n.1) moral values ; right or wrongI’m not concerned with the moralityof the question.We do not often consider the morality of our daily action, though that should occupy a high position in our thinking.2) quality; goodnessIt’s obvious from his cruel behavior that he has no morality. Boundary: n.1) (figurative) limitthe boundaries of human thought the boundaries of one’s knowledge 2) dividing lineThe lake forms part of the boundary between the two countries.A fence forms the boundary between my garden and my neighbor’s.6. Unfortunately, integrity is in short supply today and getting scarcer. (Para.3)Meaning: Unfortunately, integrity is in bad need now, and fewer people are honest.In short supply: lacking; not quite availableThese goods are in short supply; therefore, the price will be high. Scarce: a. not much or many compared with what is wanted; hard to findGood fruit is scarce now and costs a lot.Chairs that are older than one hundred years are scarceBecause there is little water in the desert, trees are scarce.7. But it is the real bottom line in every area of society and a discipline we must demand of ourselves. (Para.3)Meaning: But integrity is veryimportant in every area of society, and it is a principle we must follow. the bottom line : the most important factor ; the main or essential pointThe bottom line is that it’s not making any money.The bottom line is that it did not get the best out of everybody.Forget the detail and give me the bottom line.demand of : expect (something) from (someone or something)Hard work will be demanded of students in this course.The increased population is demanding too much of the electricity supply.8. A good test for this value is to apply wha t I call the “IntegrityTriangle”, which consists of three key principles : …(Para.3)Meaning: If you want to see how important integrity is, just use what I call the “Integrity Triangle”, which is made up of three key principles . apply: v.1) give or have an effect ; use for a purposeWe should apply what we have learned in class to the experiment. The rules apply to the management and the staff as well.2) request officiallyTo get a job one has to apply for it. 3) cause to work hard ; devote It’s difficult to apply oneself to an uninteresting task.Triangle: n. figure or shape with 3 straight sides and 3 cornersHow many sides does a triangle have?consist of : be made up ofThe official event consisted of several speeches, some music, and a film.The picnic dinner consisted of chicken, salad, vegetables, cake, and drinks.9. Stand firmly for your convictions when confronted with personal pressure. (Para.4)Meaning: Don’t give up your convictions in the face of personal pressure.when confronted with: when you are confronted with ; when you are faced with10. Stand firmly for your convictions… (Para.4)stand for ;1) hold (an opinion) ; mean or believe (something such as a principle)This decision goes against everythingI stand for.2) accept or bear (something bad) ; bear withI won’t stand for any more of her bad manners; I shall ask her to leave my house.Why do you stand for such bad working conditions?3) representThe letters PRC stand for the People’s Republ ic of China. conviction: n. very strong opinion or beliefShe will not go against her convictions.11. She was responsible for ensuring that all surgical instruments and materials were accounted for during an operation. (Para.4)Meaning: Her responsibility was to make sure that all surgical instruments and materials were returned during an operation.12. She was responsible for ensuring that… (Para.4)ensure: vt.1) make sure or certain Careful planning and hard work ensured the success of the party.The student’s score of 610 on the TOEFL ensured that he would have no trouble being accepted by a university because of his English.2) make sure of getting; secureA letter of introduction will ensureyou an interview.Money is not enough to ensure happiness; a person must be at peace with himself, too.13…. all surgical instruments and materials were accounted for… (Para.4)account for:1) give a statement about somethingYou’ll have to account for where every penny goes.You have to account to the Head Office for any stamps you use.2) be or give a reason for (something or doing something)He could not account for his foolish mistake.How do you account for losing such a large sum of money?14. …the surgeon assured her. (Para.5)Meani ng: … the doctor told her confidently.assure: vt.1) tell positively or confidently They assured us that the plane would be on time.2) make (somebody) sure or certain ; convinceHe assured himself that the bridge was safe before crossing it.15. … protested the nurse. (Para.6)Meaning: … objected the nurse. protest :v. 1) make complaint; objectThe children protested against having adults in the game.2) declare seriouslyThe charged man protested his innocence.n.1) a statement that declines or objectsThey yielded only after protest.2) a serious statementThe charged man was judged guilty despite his protest of innocence.16. Think of the patient. (Para.6) Meaning: Have the patient in your mind.think of ;1) take into account ; have in one’s mindDo be careful; think of your poor mother.I was thinking particularly of the children when I chose the house.I can’t go tonight; I have my mother to think of.When I said that, I was not thinking of her feelings.2) have thoughts concerning (something or someone)You’re very quiet; what are you thinking of?On her way to school Sandy was thinking of her brother Bill.17. “You’ll do just fine in this or any other hospital,” he assured her. (Para.7)Meaning: “You will do a good job in this or any other hospital,” he told her positively.do fine : do a good jobfine: ad. (not formal) very wellIt suits me fine.The machine works fine if you oil it.18. When you know you’re right, you can’t concede. (Para.8)Meaning: When you know you’re right, you can’t back down. concede: v.1) yieldHe conceded us the right to walk through his land.The master conceded 10 points to me at the start of the game, but, even so, he beat me.2) admit as true , often unwillinglyEveryone concedes that 2 and 2 makes 4.I conceded that I had made a mistake.19. Always give others credit that is rightfully theirs. (Para.9)Meaning: Always give other people the praise that they merit.Give (the) credit: give (someone) praise (for somethingHe was given credit for his work. To give someone credit for a good quality means to believe that they have it.Cf. get/take (the) credit: be praised The young boy took all the credit for drawing the picture even though his teacher had done most of the work.20. …clarified this point to his newly appointed office heads… (Para.10) clarify: vt. make clear ; explain The man from the foreign affairs office was unable to clarify the situation.appoint: vt. choose (someone) for ajob , etc.The present government has appointed him as Defence Minister. The teacher appointed her to chair the class meeting.21. …a Russian nesting doll with five progressively smaller figures inside. (Para.10)progressively: ad. in a way of going from one to the next ; step by step ; bit by bitMy sight has got progressively worse over the years.The amount of the loan from the bank was progressively reduced. 22. Be honest and open about who you really are. (Para.12) Meaning: Be yourself and don’t pretend.23. People who lack genuine core values rely on external factors---their looks or status---in order to feel good about themselves. (Para.12) Meaning; People who have any real inner values depend on external things such as their looks, status, clothes, etc. to make themselves confident or happy.24. People who lack genuine core values… (para.12)genuine: a. real ; trueThey welcome him with genuine enthusiasm.The sofa is made of genuine leather. core: n.1) (figurative) the central or most important partThis is the core of the discussion.That boy is honest to the core. 2) the hard , central part , containing the seeds , of fruits like apples and pearsAfter eating the apple he threw the core away.25. …rely on external factors--theirlooks or status--in order to feelgood about themselves.(Para.12)external: a.1) (figurative) easily seen but not essential ; on the surfaceGoing to church seems like an external act of praise.2) outsidethe external layer of skinexternal airThis material is good for the house to keep out external heat.Many external factors affect the market in this country.feel good: feel happy , confident , pleased with oneselfI fee good when I’m singing.Some people give money to the poor not so much because they are concerned about doing good, but because it makes them feel good. 26. Inevitably they will do everythingthey can to preserve this false mask, but they will do very little to enhance their inner value and personal growth. (Para.12) Meaning: They will certainly do everything they can to keep the false appearance but will do almost nothing to increase their inner value or promote their personal growth. inevitably: ad. unavoidably;certainlyTechnological changes will inevitably lead to loss of job.27…do everythi ng they can to preserve this false mask…. (Para.12) preserve; vt. keep; protectWe will do everything to preserve peace.We need to preserve the forest. mask: n. covering for the face to hide or protect itAll the dancers are wearing masks.28. Don’t engage in a personal cover-up of areas that are unpleasing in your life. (Para.13)Meaning: Don’t do anything to hide things in your life that do not please you.engage in: (cause to) take part in orwork at (something);make (oneself) busy(something or doingsomething)The Minister has been engaged in political affairs all his life.Is it wise to engage in active sports at your age?The old lady engaged herself in making clothes for her neighbors’ children.29. “Tough times never last but tough peopl e do,” … (Para.13) Meaning: “Hard times will come to an end sooner or later, but strong people will never be defeated by difficulties.”tough: a.1) hard; difficultThese days are very tough.It’s a tough job.2) strongHe is very tough and can carry this huge rock easily30. In other words, face reality andbe mature in your responses tolife’s challenges. (Para.13) Meaning: That is to say, when life’s challenges come, don’t escape from them but meet them as a brave man. in other words : that is (to say) ; put a different way ; differently expressedPressure on the surface of an object changes with the depth of the object below the surface of the water. In other words, the farther down you go, the greater the pressure.The traveling library services have been reorganized---in other words,they visit fewer places.31. Self-respect and a clear conscience are powerful components of integrity and are the basis for enriching your relationships with others. (Para.14)Meaning: Self-respect and a sense of right and wrong are essential to one’s honesty and essential to improving one’s relationships with others.32. Self-respect and a clear conscience are powerful components… (Para.14) conscience: n. the sense of right and wrongLet your conscience be your guide. Her guilty conscience made her confess to her crime. components: n. a necessary or essential partA chemist can separate a medicine into its components.Most things are made of components. Some things have many components; some have only a few. 33. … not just fashionable or politically correct. (Para.14) Meaning: not just because it is a thing that everyone does or because it is politically correct. fashionable: a. popular ; following the fashionIt’s fashionable to go to the mountains for holidays.We ate at a fashionable new restaurant.34. A life of principle, of not yielding to… (Para.14)yield: v.1) give up ; quitOne shall not yield oneself up to the mercy of the enemy.2) produceThis land yields good crops.This investment will yield a big profit.35. …the tempting attractions of easy morality, … (Para.14)tempting: a. drawing in ; inviting Having a lunch together is a tempting idea.attraction: n.1) (figurative) drawing power ; pullSports have great attraction for most boys.2) a thing that delights or attracts peopleThe elephants were the chief attraction at the circus.36. …will always win the day. (Para.14)win the day: (also carry/gain the day) win in a competition , etc. be successfulGood sense will always win the day in the end.47. …without having to check your tracks in a rear-view mirror. (Para.14)Meaning: … without looking back with a regret at what you have done. rear:1) a. at the back; in the back He left by the rear door of the house. She returned to rear military center about fifteen miles behind the front line.2) n. the back part; backThe kitchen is in the rear of the house.。

大一新视野大学英语知识点新视野大学英语是中国高校普遍采用的一套教材，涵盖了大量的英语知识点，从基础语法到高级阅读都有涉及。

本文将以大一新视野大学英语中的知识点为主题，进行整理和介绍。

1. 语法知识点1.1 时态和语态：英语中时态和语态是表达动作和状态的重要方式，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来时、被动语态等。

1.2 名词和代词：介绍名词的单复数形式、可数与不可数名词、物主代词、反身代词等。

1.3 形容词和副词：细分形容词和副词的用法，如比较级和最高级、修饰物体和人的不同用法等。

1.4 介词和连词：介绍在句子中连接词组和从句的作用，包括常见的介词和连词的用法和搭配。

1.5 动词和动词短语：详细介绍英语中各类动词的用法，如实义动词、情态动词、不定式和动名词等。

2. 句子结构2.1 主谓结构：介绍句子的基本结构，即主语和谓语的构成和使用方法。

2.2 并列句和复合句：分别介绍并列句和复合句的构成和变化，以及使用方法。

2.3 简单句和复杂句：详细解释简单句和复杂句的概念和特点，提供例句进行说明。

3. 阅读和理解3.1 阅读技巧：指导学生如何提高阅读速度和理解能力，包括快速扫读和细节理解的方法。

3.2 阅读题型：介绍常见的阅读题型，如主旨题、细节题、推断题等，并提供解题技巧。

3.3 阅读材料：选取适合初级英语学习者的短文进行解析和阐释，帮助学生更好地理解文本。

4. 写作技巧4.1 写作结构：介绍论述文、说明文和议论文的基本结构，包括引言、主体和结论的写作方法。

4.2 写作素材：提供常见的写作话题，如环境保护、科技进步等，帮助学生扩展词汇和表达能力。

4.3 写作表达：指导学生如何运用各类句型和连接词，使文章结构紧凑、观点清晰。

5. 听力技巧5.1 听力材料：选取适合初级英语学习者的听力材料，包括对话和短文，提供听力练习的机会。

5.2 听力策略：介绍听力时的注意事项和技巧，如预测信息、精听关键词等。

1.你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果.2.未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的.3.我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。

4.你不仅会变得更加博学，而且有可能发现一个你未曾想到的能成就你未来的爱好5.我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩6.所以带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情去拥抱这些新的体验吧！7.我们相信你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的追求，带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步.8.教育代代相传，它就是社会的灵魂。

9.你即将踏上人生的下一段旅程。

10.他们会激发你的挑战；你会以不可思议的方式成长。

11.你上大学的事实清楚地表明，你已经不再是个孩子了。

12.所以，认真对待每一门课程，如果有些事情不能立即吸引你，不要绝望。

13.当然，你还必须注意报名课程，激发你的热情和你的智力。

14请相信，总有一天，你会找到自己有意义的事业，你会通过这些点连接起一条美丽的曲线。

15.你们的友谊将在未来几十年开花结果。

16.让你的才能发挥出最大的潜力。

1.这意味着她成功了，我终于摆脱了18年的责任。

2.她的浴室里满是令人尴尬的湿毛巾、生锈的刮胡刀片、水槽里的头发和几乎空了的牙膏。

3.在她的卧室里，我发现她的床底下有一双不配对的袜子，壁橱地板上有一条紫色的裤子。

4.但我和她一样喜欢书，所以把它们堆在一个书架上，以后再处理。

5.她把卧室弄得一团糟，被子扔在地板上，床单扔在一边。

6.当我通读卡片和笔记时，我想也许卡车毕竟不是一个坏主意。

7.听到他悲伤的声音，我感到喉咙发紧。

8.她将得到童年时代的纪念品。

我们也将张开双臂。

.9.他点了点头，把手放在轮椅的扶手上，低声说了一些毫无意义的话。

.10.他迈着大步穿过融雪，走向那些像飞机棚一样有着巨大门的建筑。

11.我可以永远在这里走下去，至少在我找到登上其中一条船的方法之前。