变压器类PMP(最新)

变压器名词解释及计算公式来源：扬州市华特电力设备厂变压器在规定的使用环境和运行条件下，主要技术数据一般都都标注在变压器的铭牌上。

主要包括：额定容量、额定电压及其分接、额定频率、绕组联结组以及额定性能数据(阻抗电压、空载电流、空载损耗和负载损耗)和总重。

A、额定容量(kVA)：额定电压.额定电流下连续运行时,能输送的容量。

B、额定电压(kV)：变压器长时间运行时所能承受的工作电压.为适应电网电压变化的需要,变压器高压侧都有分接抽头,通过调整高压绕组匝数来调节低压侧输出电压.C、额定电流(A):变压器在额定容量下,允许长期通过的电流.D、空载损耗(kW): 当以额定频率的额定电压施加在一个绕组的端子上，其余绕组开路时所吸取的有功功率。

与铁心硅钢片性能及制造工艺、和施加的电压有关. 当变压器二次绕组开路，一次绕组施加额定频率正弦波形的额定电压时，所消耗的有功功率称空载损耗。

算法如下：空载损耗=空载损耗工艺系数×单位损耗×铁心重量E、空载电流(%): 当变压器在额定电压下二次侧空载时,一次绕组中通过的电流.一般以额定电流的百分数表示.F、负载损耗(kW): 把变压器的二次绕组短路,在一次绕组额定分接位置上通入额定电流,此时变压器所消耗的功率. 负载损耗：当变压器二次绕组短路(稳态)，一次绕组流通额定电流时所消耗的有功功率称为负载损耗。

算法如下：负载损耗=最大的一对绕组的电阻损耗+附加损耗附加损耗=绕组涡流损耗+并绕导线的环流损耗+杂散损耗+引线损耗G、阻抗电压(%)：把变压器的二次绕组短路,在一次绕组慢慢升高电压,当二次绕组的短路电流等于额定值时,此时一次侧所施加的电压.一般以额定电压的百分数表示. 阻抗电压：当变压器二次绕组短路(稳态)，一次绕组流通额定电流而施加的电压称阻抗电压Uz。

通常Uz以额定电压的百分数表示，即uz=(Uz/U1n)*100%匝电势：u=4.44*f*B*At,V其中：B—铁心中的磁密，TAt—铁心有效截面积，平方米可以转化为变压器设计计算常用的公式：当f=50Hz时：u=B*At/450*10^5,V当f=60Hz时：u=B*At/375*10^5,V如果你已知道相电压和匝数，匝电势等于相电压除以匝数变压器空载损耗计算-变压器的空载损耗组成空载损耗包括铁芯中磁滞和涡流损耗及空载电流在初级线圈电阻上的损耗，前者称为铁损后者称为铜损。

EPC13高频变压器一.EPC13高频变压器尺寸外观图（单位：mm）品名式别骨架样式长宽高1边PIN（PIN距）2边PIN（PIN距）排距PIN径EPC13-01 卧式Ⅰ15.15.09.05 2.55 2.517.0Φ0.6EPC13-02 卧式Ⅱ15.15.09.05 2.55 2.510.5Φ0.6以上为公司常用骨架样式，其它款式暂未列入其中，欢迎咨询。

本公司可按客户要求定制各种规格EPC13高频变压器。

二. EPC13高频变压器性能1.工作频率：20kHz-500KHz2.输出功率：0.5 to 10 W3.工作温度：-40℃ to +125℃4.储存温度：-25℃ to +85℃5.储存湿度：30 to 95%三. EPC13高频变压器的特点EPC13高频变压器具有尺寸小，价格便宜，可靠性高的特点。

EPC型变压器是为了适应超薄型开关电源而设计的一款高频变压器。

它拥有扁型的铁氧体磁芯，它的形状能同时满足电源变压器高功率的要求和超薄体积的要求，同样也能适应开关电源在温升方面的要求，但对PCB板的要求会提高；它比EPD型变压器在线包空间上有提高，同时EMI性能和漏感、辐射等参数均优于EFD型变压器，其它性能接近于EE型和EC型变压器。

四. EPC13高频变压器的应用EPC13高频变压器常应用于DC-DC转换器、驱动变压器、升压变压器、LED驱动电感、数码相机、手持式开关电源充电器等。

五. EPC13高频变压器价格EPC13高频变压器的价格区间一般在1.2 -2.0元之间，价格主要取决于产品的工艺复杂程度、客户对原材料的要求，以及是否要求过安规认证等。

供应相关产品EI96扼流线圈UU9.8滤波器EC4215变压器EE22电子变压器EI57低频变压器PQ5050变压器EE55变压器扼流圈500uH。

高频变压器规格书详解高频变压器在电子设备中扮演着至关重要的角色，它们通过感应耦合在不同电路上提供电隔离、阻抗匹配和电平变换。

规格书是了解变压器特性和性能的关键。

本文将深入探讨高频变压器规格书中的关键参数和术语。

主要参数初级电感 (Lp)：初级绕组的电感，表示其对变化磁通的阻抗。

次级电感 (Ls)：次级绕组的电感，决定了其对变化磁通的响应。

匝数比 (Np/Ns)：初级绕组匝数与次级绕组匝数之比，决定了变压器的电压转换率。

漏感 (Llk)：由磁通未完全耦合引起的寄生电感，影响变压器的效率和频率响应。

耦合系数 (k)：表示初级和次级绕组之间的磁耦合程度，范围从 0 到 1。

电气特性初级电阻 (Rp)：初级绕组的电阻，影响变压器的效率和功耗。

次级电阻 (Rs)：次级绕组的电阻，对负载电流和电压调节有影响。

测试电压 (HVT)：指定变压器能够承受的高压测试而不击穿。

绝缘电阻 (IR)：测量绕组之间的绝缘电阻，以确保设备安全性。

频率响应共振频率 (fr)：变压器初级和次级电感与分布电容相结合产生的串联谐振频率。

频率范围：变压器有效工作的频率范围，包括谐振频率。

机械特性尺寸：变压器的物理尺寸，包括长度、宽度和高度。

重量：变压器的重量，影响设备的安装和运输。

安装方式：指定变压器的安装方式，例如螺纹孔或表面贴装。

散热：变压器散热的机制，例如自然对流或强制冷却。

其他参数损耗：变压器在操作过程中产生的热量损失，包括铜损和磁损。

温度范围：变压器可以安全工作的环境温度范围。

认证：变压器符合的行业标准和安全认证，例如 UL、CE 和ISO。

应用：变压器在特定电子设备中的典型用途，例如电源转换器、隔离放大器和射频系统。

理解高频变压器规格书对于选择和使用合适的变压器至关重要。

通过仔细审查这些参数，工程师可以确保变压器满足其设备的电气、机械和性能要求。

1、安全隔离变压器safety isolating transformer2、安全特低电压（SELV）safety extra-low voltageB1、棒式电流互感器bar primary type current transformer2、包封线圈的干式变压器encapsulated-winding dry-type transformer3、包封线圈干式电抗器encapsulated-winding dry-type reactor4、饱和电抗器saturable reactor5、保护用电流互感器protective current transformer6、保护用电压互感器protective voltage transformer7、保护装置（电容式电压互感器）protective device (of a capacitor voltage transformer)8、变磁通调压variable flux voltage variation (VFVV)9、变流变压器converter transformer10、变压器transformer11、变压器效率efficiency of transformer12、并联电抗器shunt reactor13、并联控制装置parallel control devices14、饼式线圈disc winding15、箔式线圈foil winding16、波纹式油箱corrugated type tank17、不接地电压互感器unearthed voltage transformerC1、操作计数器operation counter2、操作循环cycle of operation3、测量用电流互感器measuring current transformer4、测量用电压互感器measuring voltage transformer5、层式线圈layer winding6、叉花纠结式线圈sandwich-interleaved winding7、厂用变压器(发电厂用变压器) station service transformer8、插入电容式线圈capacitor shield winding9、充满油的密封系统sealed, completed filled system10、串级（电磁）式电流互感器cascade (inductive) current transformer11、串级（电磁）式电压互感器cascade (inductive) voltage transformer12、串级试验变压器cascade transformer13、串联电抗器series reactor14、串联绕组series winding15、船用变压器marine transformer16、触头组set of contacts17、储油柜oil conservator18、储油柜系统conservator system19、磁分路magnetic shunt20、磁箱式电流互感器porcelain-case type current transformer21、磁性调压器magnetic control voltage regulator22、粗调选择器coarse change-over selector1、带气垫的密封式油箱系统sealed-tank system with gas cushion2、带散热管的油箱tank with bend pipe3、单铁心式电流互感器single-core type current transformer4、单相单柱旁轭式铁心single-phase three-limb core5、单相二柱式铁心single-phase two-limb core6、倒立式电流互感器inverter-type current transformer7、电磁单元(电容式电压互感器) electromagnetic unit (of a capacitor voltage transformer)8、电动机构motor-drive mechanism9、电动机构的手动操作manual operation of motor-device mechanism10、电化学用整流变压器electro-chemistry rectifier transformer11、点火变压器ignition transformer12、电弧炉变压器arc furnace transformer13、电抗电压reactance voltage14、电抗器reactor15、电缆式电流互感器cable type current transformer16、电力变压器power transformer17、电铃变压器bell transformer18、电流互感器current transformer19、电流扩大值（测量用电流互感器的）extended rating current（of a measuring current transformer ）20、电流误差current error21、电炉变压器furnace transformer22、电容分压器（电容式电压互感器）capacitor voltage divider (of a capacitor voltage transformer)23、电容分压器的分压比voltage ratio of a capacitor divider24、电容式电压互感器capacitor voltage transformer25、电压互感器voltage transformer26、电压降或电压升（指定负载下的）voltage drop or rise for a specified load condition27、电压调整率（指定复式下的）voltage regulation for a specified load condition28、电压误差voltage error29、电阻电压resistance voltage30、电阻炉变压器resistance furnace transformer31、电阻式温度计resistance-type thermometer32、叠积式铁心laminated core33、低压端子（电容式电压互感器的）low voltage terminal (of a capacitor voltage transformer)34、低压绕组low-voltage winding35、端（部电容）环end ring36、短路匝short-circuited turn37、短路阻抗（一对绕组的）short-circuit impedance (of a pair of winding)38、端（部电容）屏end screen39、对应端子corresponding terminals40、独立绕组变压器separate winding transformer41、多框式铁心multi frame type core42、多绕组变压器multi-winding transformer43、多铁心式电流互感器multi-core type current transformer44、惰性气体压力系统inert gas pressure systemE1、额定参数rated quantities2、额定电流（变压器或并联电抗器绕组上的）rated current(of a winding of a transformer or shunt reactor)3、额定电流比（电流互感器的）rated transformer ratio (of a current transformer)4、额定电压比（电流互感器的）rated transformer ratio (of a voltage transformer)5、额定电压比（绕组的）rated voltage ratio (of a winding)6、额定电压比（电压互感器的）rated transformation ratio (of a voltage transformer)7、额定电压系数rated voltage factor8、额定动稳定电流rated dynamic current9、额定短时电流rated short-time current10、额定短时热电流（电流互感器的）rated short-time thermal current (of a current transformer)11、额定二次电流（电流互感器的）rated secondary current (of a current transformer)12、额定二次电压（电压互感器的）rated secondary voltage (of a voltage transformer)13、额定阀侧电流rated current on valve side14、额定阀侧电压rated current on line side15、额定阀侧视在功率rated apparent power on valve side16、额定负荷rated burden17、额定级电压rated through-current18、额定绝缘水平rated insulation level19、额定连续电流rated continuous current20、额定连续热电流（电流互感器）rated continuous thermal current (of a current transformer)21、额定频率rated frequency22、额定容量rated power23、额定输出（互感器的）rated output (of an instrument transformer)24、额定输出电压rated output voltage25、额定输入电压input voltage26、额定通过电流rated through current27、额定网侧电流rated current on line side28、额定网侧电压rated voltage on line side29、额定网侧视在功率rated apparent power on valve line30、额定仪表限值一次电流（电流互感器的）rated instrument limit primary current31、额定一次电流（电流互感器的）rated primary current (of a current transformer)32、额定一次电压（电压互感器的）rated primary voltage (of a voltage transformer)33、额定值rating34、额定准确限值一次电流（保护用电流互感器的）rated instrument limit primary current35、二次电流secondary current36、二次电路secondary circuit37、二次电压secondary voltage38、二次极限感应电势secondary limiting e.m.f39、二次绕组（变压器的）secondary winding (of a current transformer)40、二次绕组（电压互感器的）secondary winding (of a voltage transformer)II（防止点击）变压器class II transformerF1、阀侧绕组valve side winding2、发电厂自用变压器(简称：厂用变压器) station service transformer3、发电机变压器generator transformer4、放电线圈discharge coil5、反角环angle ring （cap-ring）6、非包封线圈干式变压器non-encapsulated-winding dry-type transformer7、非包封线圈干式电抗器non-encapsulated-winding dry-type reactor8、非封闭干式变压器non-enclosed dry transformer9、非耐短路变压器non-short-circuit proof transformer10、封闭干式变压器enclosed dry transformer11、风冷（AF）force-air cooling12、分接tapping (tap)13、分接参数tapping quantities14、分接变换操作tap-change operation15、分接变换指示器tap-change in progress indicator16、分接电压比（一对绕组的）tapping voltage ratio (of a pair of windings)17、分接范围tapping range18、分接工况tapping duty19、分接级tapping step20、分接位置指示器tap position indicator21、分接选择器tap-selector22、分接因数tapping factor23、分裂式变压器dual-low-voltage transformer24、分相封闭母线isolated phase bus25、负分接minus tapping26、负荷（互感器的）burden (of an instrument transformer)27、复合误差（电流互感器的）composite error (of a current transformer)28、附加绝缘supplementary insulation29、附加绕组auxiliary winding30、附加损耗supplementary load loss31、复绕式电流互感器compound-wound current transformer32、负载损耗load lossG1、干式变压器dry-type transformer2、干式电抗器dry-type transformer3、感应调压器induction-voltage regulator4、感应自动调压器automatic induction-voltage regulator5、高压电容器（电容式电压互感器的）high voltage capacitor (of a capacitor voltage transformer)6、高压端子（电容式电压互感器的）high voltage terminal (of a capacitor voltage transformer)7、高压绕组high-voltage winding8、隔爆变压器flame-proof transformer9、隔离变压器isolating transformer10、隔膜式油保护系统diaphragm-type oil preservation system11、公共绕组common winding12、工频感应炉变压器power frequency induction furnace transformer13、共箱隔相封闭母线segregated phase bus14、工作分接位置数number of service tapping positions15、拐点电压knee point voltage16、贯穿式电流互感器through-type current transformer17、管式散热器pipe-type radiator18、滚动接触电刷rolling type current collector19、过电流闭锁装置over current blocking device20、过渡触头transition contacts21、过渡阻抗transition impedance22、固有分接位置数number of service tapping positionsH1、恒磁通调压constant flux voltage variation（CFVV）2、虹吸净油器（净油器）oil（siphon）filter3、滑动接触电刷sliding type current collector4、互感器instrument transformer5、恢复电压recovery voltage6、户内式indoor type7、混合调压combined voltage variation8、户外式outdoor typeJ1、降低容量的分接reduced-power tapping2、降压变压器step-down transformer3、夹件clamps4、交叠式线圈sandwich winding5、角环angle ring6、加强绝缘reinforced insulation7、基本绝缘basic insulation8、接触调压器variable transformer9、接触自动调压器automatic variable regulator10、接地变压器earthing transformer（neutral coupler）11、接地电压互感器earthed voltage transformer12、介质损耗因数dielectric dissipation factor13、静电环electrostatic ring14、静电屏electrostatic shielding15、净油器oil(siphon) filter16、紧急脱扣装置emergency tripping device17、纠结-连续式线圈inter leaved and continuous winding18、纠结式线圈inter leaved winding19、极限开关limit switch20、机械端位止动装置mechanical end stop21、极性选择器reversing change-over selector22、局部放电partial discharge23、绝缘热稳定性（电流互感器的）dielectric thermal stability(of a current transformer) K1、开断电流switched current2、开口三角形联结open delta connection3、开路绕组open winding4、开路中间电压（电容式电压互感器的）open-circuit intermediate voltage（of a capacitorvoltage transformer）5、壳式变压器shell-type transformer6、矿热炉变压器ore furnace transformer7、矿用变压器mining transformer(general type)8、矿用隔爆移动变电站mining flame proof movable substation9、空心电抗器reactor with air core10、空载电流no-load current11、空载损耗no-load loss12、控制用变压器control transformer13、扩大额定值的电流互感器extend rating type current transformerL1、累加用电力互感器summation current transformer2、冷却器cooler3、联结组标号connection symbol4、联络变压器system-interconnection transformer5、连续式线圈continuous winding6、励磁电流（电流互感器的）exciting current （of a current transformer）7、励磁绕组energizing winding8、零序电流互感器（剩余电流互感器）residual current transformer9、零序电压互感器（剩余电压互感器）residual voltage transformer10、零序阻抗zero-sequence impedance11、例行试验routine test12、滤波电抗器tuning（filter）reactor13、螺旋式线圈helical windingM1、满容量分接full-power of a winding2、密封式变压器sealed transformer3、密封式电抗器sealed reactor4、母线式电流互感器bus-type current transformerN1、耐短路变压器short-circuit proof transformer2、内部负荷（电流互感器的）internal burden（of a current transformer）3、内屏蔽式线圈capacitor shield windingO1、耦合绕组coupling windingP1、旁轭magnetic return path2、配电变压器distribution transformer3、膨胀器expander4、片式散热器panel-type radiator5、平波电抗器smoothing reactor6、平衡电抗器interphase reactor7、平衡绕组balancing winding8、平面式邮箱plane type tank9、匹配用电流互感器current matching transformer10、匹配用电压互感器voltage matching transformer11、P 级performance Class AQ1、强迫油循环导向冷却forced-directed oil cooling2、强迫油循环风冷（OFAF）forced-oil and forced-air cooling3、强迫油循环水冷（OFWF）forced-oil and water cooling4、钳式电流互感器split core type current transformer5、牵引变压器traction transformer6、牵引整流变压器traction rectifier transformer7、起动电抗器starting reactor8、起动自耦变压器starting auto-transformer9、切换开关diverter switch10、器身active part11、气体继电器gas relay；buchholz relay12、全封闭干式变压器totally enclosed dry-type transformer13、全绝缘电流互感器fully insulated current transformer14、全自保护变压器completely self-protected distribution transformer15、驱动机构driving mechanism16、曲折形联结zigzag connectionR1、绕线式电流互感器wound primary type current transformer2、绕组winding3、绕组的分接电流tapping power of a winding4、绕组的分接电压tapping voltage of a winding5、绕组的分接容量tapping power of a winding6、绕组的分级绝缘non-uniform insulation of a winding7、绕组的全绝缘uniform insulation of a winding8、绕组联结图connection diagram of windings.S1、三角形联结delta connection2、Ⅲ类（防止电击）变压器class Ⅲtransformer3、Ⅲ类照明设备用变压器transformer for class Ⅲluminaires4、散热器radiator5、三相三柱旁轭式铁心three-phase three-limb core6、三相三柱式铁心three-phase three-limb core7、三相中性点电抗器three-phase neutral reactor8、设备最高电压Um highest voltage for equipment Um9、声功率级(Lw) sound power level10、升压变压器step-up transformer11、声压级(Lp) sound pressure level12、剩余电流residual current13、剩余电流互感器residual current transformer14、剩余电压residual voltage15、剩余电压互感器residual voltage transformer16、剩余电压绕组residual voltage winding17、实际电流比（电流互感器的）actual transformation ratio (of a current transformer)18、实际电压比（电压互感器的）actual transformation ratio(of a voltage transformer)19、试验变压器testing transformer20、双重绝缘double insulation21、双功能电压互感器dual purpose voltage transformer22、双绕组变压器two-winding transformer23、输出电压范围output voltage range24、输入电压范围input voltage range25、树脂浇注式电流互感器cast-resin type current transformer26、树脂浇注式电压互感器cast resin type voltage transformer27、速饱和电流互感器rapid-saturable current transformer28、损耗比loss ratio29、损耗变动量power loss variationT1、套管bushing2、套管式电流互感器bushing type current transformer3、特殊试验special test4、调谐电抗器tuning（filter）reactor5、调压器voltage regulator6、铁轭yoke7、铁心core8、铁心接地端子earthed terminal for core9、铁心柱core limb10、通断触头main switch contacts11、桶式邮箱barrel type tank12、同心式线圈concentric windingW1、网侧绕组line side winding2、玩具用变压器transformer for toys3、稳定绕组stabilizing winding4、温升temperature rise5、稳压精度accuracy of a voltage stabilizing6、误差补偿error compensation7、无励磁分接开关off-circuit tap-changer8、无励磁调压变压器off-circuit-tap-changing transformer9、无危害式变压器（保安式变压器）fail-safe transformerX1、线段section2、相绕组phase winding3、箱式变电站integral unit4、相位差phase displacement5、相位移（变压器的）phase displacement（for a transformer）6、限流电抗器current-limiting reactor7、线路端子line terminal8、线圈coil9、线匝turn10、消弧电抗器arc-suppression reactor11、消弧线圈arc-suppression reactor12、消弧电抗器（消弧线圈）的额定电流rated current of an arc suppression reactor13、型式试验type test14、星形联结star connection15、信号温度计pressure-type thermometer16、心式变压器core-type transformer17、吸湿器radiator18、吸收比dielectric absorption ratio19、选择开关selector switch20、循环电流switched currentY1、压力释放装置pressure relief device2、压力式温度计pressure-type thermometer3、盐浴炉变压器salt bath furnace transformer4、仪表保安系数（FS）instrument security factor5、一次电流primary current6、一次电压primary voltage7、一次绕组（变压器的）primary winding（of a voltage transformer）8、一次绕组（电流互感器的）primary winding （of a current transformer）9、一次绕组（电压互感器的）primary winding（of a voltage transformer）10、I 类（防止电击）变压器class I transformer11、移圈调压器moving-coil voltage regulator12、油保护系统oil preservation system13、油流继电器oil-flow relay14、油浸式变压器oil-immersed type transformer15、油浸式电抗器oil-immersed type reactor16、油位计oil level indicator17、有载分接开关on-load tap-changer18、有载调压变压器on-load-tap-changing transformer19、油中溶解气体分析dissolved gas（in oil）analysisZ1、(线)匝turn2、再起动装置restarting device3、增压变压器booster transformer4、正分接plus tapping5、整流变压器rectifier transformer6、直流互感器direct current instrument transformer7、支柱式电流互感器support type current transformer8、中间式电流互感器current matching transformer9、中频变压器intermediate-frequency transformer10、中性点端子neutral terminal11、中性点接地电抗器neutral-earthing reactor12、中性点耦合器（中性点耦合器）earthing transformer（neutral coupler）13、中压电容器（电容式电压互感器的）intermediate voltage capacitor（of a capacitor voltage transformer）14、电压端子（电容式电压互感器的）intermediate voltage terminal（of a capacitor voltage transformer）15、中压绕组intermediate-voltage winding16、钟罩式油箱bell type tank17、转换选择器change-over selector18、主触头main contacts19、主分接（额定分接）principal tapping20、逐级控制step-by-step control21、准确级accuracy class22、准确限值系数（保护用电流互感器的）accuracy limit factor（of a protective current transformer）23、主（电容）屏main capacitor plate24、柱上式pole-type25、自动调压器automatic voltage regulator26、自动调压速度response speed27、自冷(AN) natural air cooling; self-cooling28、自耦变压器auto-transformer29、自耦复绕式电流互感器auto-compound current transformer30、自耦式互感器instrument auto-transformer31、总损耗total loss32、组合式变电站integral unit substation33、组合式互感器combined transformer34、最大额定级电压maximum rated step voltage35、最大额定通过电流maximum rated through-current36、阻抗电压（对于主分接）impedance voltage at rated current(for the principal tapping)37、阻尼电抗器damping reactor。

变压器常用术语TECHNICAL TERMS COMMONLY USED FOR TRANSFORMERPART 1产品名称及类型电力变压器Power transformer芯式变压器core type transformer内铁式变压器core-form transformer壳式变压器shell-form transformer外铁式变压器shell-form transformer密封式变压器sealed transformer有载调压电力变压器power transformer with OLTC无载调压电力变压器power transformer with off-circuit tap-changer配电变压器distribution transformer自耦变压器auto-transformer联络变压器interconnecting transformer 1.10升压变压器step-up transformer降压变压器step-down transformer增压变压器booster transformer串联变压器发电机变压器generator transformer电站用变压器substation transformer交流变压器converter transformer分裂变压器split-winding type transformer 厂用变压器power plant transformer所用变压器electric substation transformer 单相变压器single-phase transformer三相变压器three-phase transformer多相变压器polyphase transformer单相变压器组成的三相组three-phase banks with separate single-phase transformer 三相接地变压器three-phase earthing transformer三线圈变压器three-winding transformer 两线圈变压器two-winding transformer双线圈变压器double-winding transformer 多线圈变压器multi-winding transformer 油浸式变压器oil-immersed type transformer浸难燃油变压器noninflammable medium impregnated transformer干式变压器dry type transformer树脂浇注式变压器resin-casting type transformerH级绝缘变压器transformer with H class insulation气体绝缘变压器gas insulated transformer 电炉变压器furnace transformer整流变压器rectifier transformer列车牵引变压器traction transformer, locomotive transformer矿用变压器mining transformer防爆变压器explosion-proof transformer flame-proof transformer隔离变压器isolation transformer试验变压器testing transformer串级式试验变压器cascade testing transformer串联变压器series transformer增压变压器booster transformer灯丝变压器filament transformer电焊变压器welding transformer钎焊变压器brazing transformer船用变压器marine transformer起动自耦变压器starting autotransformer 起动变压器starting transformer移动变压器movable substation移动式movable type成套变电站complete substation全自动保护单相变压器complete self-protected single-phase transformer(CSP) 互感器instrument transformer测量用互感器measurement current/voltage TR保护用互感器protective current/voltage transformer电流互感器current transformer（CT）电压互感器voltage transformer potential transformer(PT)全绝缘电流互感器fully insulated current transformer母线式电流互感器bus-type current transformer绕线式电流互感器wound primary type current transformer瓷箱式电流互感器porcelain type current transformer套管用电流互感器bushing-type current transformer电容式电流互感器capacitor type current transformer支持式电流互感器support-type current transformer倒立式电流互感器reverse type current transformer塑料浇注式电流互感器cast resin current transformer钳式电流互感器split-core type current transformer速饱和电流互感器rapid-saturable current transformer串级式电流互感器cascade-type current transformer剩余电流互感器residual current transformer电容式电压互感器capacitor type voltage transformer接地电压互感器earthed voltage transformer不接地电压互感器unearthed voltage transformer组合式互感器combined instrument transformer剩余电压互感器residual voltage transformer移圈调压器moving-coil voltage transformer动线圈moving winding自耦调压器autoformer regulator接触调压器variac感应调压器induction voltage regulator磁饱和调压器magnetic saturation voltage regulator电抗器reactor并联电抗器shunt reactor串联电抗器series reactor饱和电抗器saturable reactor铁心电抗器iron core reactor空心电抗器air core reactor水泥电抗器concrete(cement) reactor三相中性点接地电抗器three-phase neutral reactor单相中性点接地电抗器single-phase neutral earthing reactor起动电抗器starting reactor平衡电抗器smoothing /interphase reactor 调幅电抗器modulation reactor消弧电抗器arc-suppression reactor消弧线圈arc-suppression coil阻波器，阻波线圈wave trap coil镇流器ballast密闭式sealed type包封式enclosed type户外式outdoor type户内式indoor type柱上式pole mounting type移动式movable type列车式trailer mounted type自冷natural cooling (ONAN)风冷forced-air cooling (ONAF)强油风冷forced-oil forced-air cooling(ONAF)强油水冷forced-oil forced-water cooling (ONWF)强油导向冷却forced-directed oil cooling (OFAN)强油导向风冷却forced-directed forced-air oil cooling(ODAF)恒磁通调压constant flux voltage variation(CFVV)变磁通调压variable flux voltage variation(VFVV)混合调压combined voltage variation(CbVV)PART2 基础词汇千瓦kilowatt(kw)兆瓦megawatt(MW)京瓦gigawatt(GW)千伏kilovolt(kV)兆伏megavolt(MV)京电子伏giga-electron-volt(GEV)千伏安KV A兆伏安MV A京伏安GV A千乏kilovar(kV Ar)兆乏megavar(MV Ar)京乏gigavar(GV Ar)产品代号symbol of product产品型号type of product额定电压rated voltage额定容量rated power额定电流rated current连接组标号connection symbol, symbol of connection阻抗电压impedance voltage额定频率rated frequency空载损耗no-load loss涡流损耗eddy-current loss磁滞损耗hysteresis loss空载电流no-load current激磁电流exciting current负载损耗load loss附加损耗additional losses, supplementary load loss杂散损耗stray losses总损耗total losses损耗比loss ratio冷却方式type of cooling介质损耗dielectric loss介损角正切值loss tangent电压组合voltage combination电抗电压reactance voltage额定电压比rated voltage ratio电阻电压resistance voltage电压调整率voltage regulation相位差phase displacement相位差校验phase displacement verification 零序阻抗zero-sequence impedance短路阻抗short-circuit impedance磁通密度flux density电流密度current density安匝数number of ampere-turns轴向漏磁通axial leakage flux径向漏磁通radial leakage flux循环电流circulating current热点hot spot最热点hottest spot局部过热local overheat有功输出active output满容量分接fully-power tapping额定级电压rated step voltage最大额定电压maximum rated voltage最大额定电流maximum rated through-current绕组额定电压rated voltage of a winding 额定短时电流rated short time current额定短时热电流rated short thermal current 额定连续热电流rated continuous current 额定动稳定电流rated dynamic current一次电流/电压primary current/voltage二次电流/电压secondary current/voltage 实际电流比actual transformation ratio of a current transformer实际电压比actual transformation ratio of a voltage transformer二次极限感应电动势互感器的二次回顾路secondary circuit of CT and PT定额rating铁心噪声noise of core背境噪声background noise噪声水平noise level声级sound level声功率级sound power level声级试验sound level test声级测量sound level measurement水平加速度horizontal acceleration垂直加速度vertical acceleration地震seism, earthquake地震烈度earthquake intensity工频power-frequency中频medium frequency高频high frequency振荡频率oscillating frequency谐振频率resonance frequency自振频率natural frequency of vibration频率响应frequency response谐波测量harmonics measurement绝缘水平insulation level绝缘强度insulation strength, dielectric strength主绝缘main insulation纵绝缘longitudinal insulation内绝缘internal insulation外绝缘external insulation绝缘配合insulation co-ordination全绝缘uniform insulation半绝缘non-uniform insulation降纸绝缘reduced insulation中心点neutral point中心点端子neutral terminal正常绝缘normal insulation介电常数dielectric constant油纸绝缘系统oil-paper insulation system 绝缘电阻insulation resistance绝缘电阻吸收比absorption ratio of insulation resistance绝缘击穿insulation breakdown碳化carbonization爬电距离creepage distance沿面放电creeping discharge放电discharge局部放电partial discharge局部放电测量measurement of partial discharge超声定位ultrasonic location, ultrasonic orientation破坏性放电disruptive discharge局部放电起始电压partial discharge inception voltage局部放电终止电压partial discharge extinction voltage过电压overvoltage短时过电压short time overvoltage瞬时过电压transient overvoltage操作过电压switching overvoltage大气过电压atmospheric overvoltage额定耐受电压rated withstand voltage工频耐受电压power-frequency withstand voltage感应耐压试验induced overvoltage withstand test温升试验temperature-rise test温升temperature rise突发短路试验short-circuit test动热稳定thermo-dynamic stability冲击耐压试验impulse voltage withstand test雷电冲击耐受电压lightning impulse withstand voltage操作冲击耐受电压switching impulse withstand voltage雷电冲击lightning impulse全波雷电冲击full wave lightning impulse截波雷电冲击chopped wave lightning impulse操作冲击switching impulse操作冲击波switch surge, switch impulse伏秒特性voltage-time characteristics截断时间time to chopping波前时间time to crest视在波前时间virtual front time半峰值时间time to half value crest峰值peak value, crest value有效值root-mean-square value标么值per unit value标称值nominal value电级electrode电位梯度potential gradient等电位，等位equipotential屏蔽shielding静电屏蔽electrostatic shielding磁屏蔽magnetic shielding静电屏electrostatic screen静电板electrostatic plate静电环electrostatic ring电磁感应electro-magnetic induction电磁单元electro-magnetic unit有效面effective surface标准大气条件standard atmospheric condition视在电荷apparent charge体积电阻volume resistance导电率admittance电导conductance, conductivity电晕放电corona discharge闪络flashover避雷器surge arrestor避雷器的残压residual voltage of an arrestor绝缘材料耐温等级temperature class of insulation互感器额定负荷rated burden of an instrument transformer准确级次accuracy class真值true value允差tolerance比值误差校验ratio error verification电流误差current error电压误差voltage error互感器相角差phase displacement of instrument transformer复合误差composite error瞬时特性transient characteristic瞬时误差transient error额定仪表保安电流rated instrument security current二次极限感应电势secondary limiting 保安因子security factor额定准确限值的一次电流rated accuracy limit primary current误差补偿error compensation额定电压因子rated voltage factor准确限值因子accuracy limit factor开断电流switched current笛卡尔坐标，直角坐标Cartesian coordinate 极坐标polar coordinate横坐标abscissa纵坐标ordinateX-轴X-axis复数complex number实数部分real component虚数部分imaginary component正数positive number负数negative number小数decimal四舍五入round off分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator假分数improper fraction钝角obtuse angle锐角acute angle补角supplementary angle余角complement angle平行parallel垂直perpendicular乘方involution开方evolution, extraction of rootn的5次方5th power of n幂exponent, exponential微分，差动differential, differentiate积分，集成integral, integrate成正比proportional to….成反比inversely proportional to…概率probability归纳法inductive method外推法extrapolation method插入法interpolation method最大似然法maximum likelihood method 图解法graphic method有限元法finite element method模拟法simulation method方波回应step response迭加电荷superimposed charge杂散电容stray capacitance无损探伤non-distractive flaw detection红外线扫描infrared scanning计算机辅助设计computer aided design(CAD)计算机辅助制造computer aided manufacturing(CAM)计算机辅助试验computer aided test(CA T) 最大maximum 最小minimum近似于approximate（approx）每分钟转数revolution per minute(rpm)速度speed, velocity加速度acceleration重力加速度gravitational acceleration引力traction数量quality件数pieces部门department(dept)缩写abbreviation以下简称为hereinafter referred as xxx常用单位units commonly used包括缩写including abbreviations2.246 米meter 分米decimeter 厘米centimeter 毫米millimeter公里kilometer 英里mile 海里knot2.248 码yard 英寸inch2.249 磅pound(1b) 磅/平方英寸pound per square inch(ppsi)英尺foot英制热量单位British thermal unit (BTU) 马力horsepower压强intensity of pressure帕斯卡Pascal(Pa)千帕kpa 兆帕Mpa粘度viscosity帕斯卡秒泊poise 厘泊centipoises焦耳joule(J) 千瓦时kilowatt-hour(kwh) 特斯拉tesla(T) 高斯gaue(Gs)奥斯特oersted(0e) 库仑coulomb(C)微微库Pico-coulomb(PC)牛顿Newton(N) 达因dyne摄氏度Celsius, centigrade(℃)开尔文Kelvin 法拉farad(F)皮可法拉pico-farad(pF)2.267 升literl(L) 加仑gallon立方分米cubic decimeter立方厘米cubic centimeter桶barrel 石油petroleum标准国际单位制standard international unit 厘米-克秒单位制CGS unit环境设备ambience apparatus校验calibration兼容性compatibility扩散系数diffusion coefficient故障fault公顷hectarePART3 典型产品结构芯式，内铁式core type壳式，外铁式shell type铁心core磁路magnetic circuit线圈winding, coil高压线圈HV winding中压线圈MV winding低压线圈LV winding调压线圈tapped winding, regulating winding高压引线high-voltage leads中压引线mid-voltage leads低压引线low-voltage leads夹件clamping frame上部夹件upper clamping下部夹件lower clamping线圈压紧螺栓winding compressing bolt线圈压紧装置winding compressing device 线圈端部绝缘end insulation of winding器身定位装置positioning device for active-part定位装置fixing device铁心垫脚foot-plate of core垫脚foot-pad分接引线tapping leads, tap leads引线支架supporting frame for leads无励磁分接开关non-excitation tap-changer 无载分接开关off-circuit tap-changer分接选择器tap selector有载分接开关on-load tap-changer(OLTC) on-circuit tap-changer切换开关diverter switch选择开关selector switch转换选择器change-over selector粗选择器coarse tap selector触头组set of contacts过度触头transition contacts过度阻抗transition impedance有载开关操纵机构operating mechanism of OLTC驱动机构driving mechanism电动机构motor drive垂直转动轴vertical driving shaft水平转动轴horizontal driving shaft伞尺轮盒bevel gear box防雨罩drip-proof cap联轴节coupling最大分接maximum tapping最小分接minimum tapping额定分接rated tapping, principal tapping固定分接位置数number of inherent tapping positions工作分接位置数number of service tapping positions主分接principal tap, main tap正分接plus tapping负分接minus tapping分接变换操作tap-changer operation分接位置指示器tap position indicator线圈分接电压tapping voltage of a winding 线圈分接电流tapping current of a winding 线圈分接容量tapping power of a winding 分接范围tapping range分接量tapping quantities分接因子tapping factor分接工作能力tapping duty分接线tapping step分接线tapping connection分接引线tapping lead小车支架及滚轮bogie frame and wheel油箱tank箱底tank bottom箱盖tank cover箱沿tank rim垫脚垫块supporting block for foot-pad联管接头tube connector联接法兰connecting flange加强筋，加强板stiffener油箱垂直加强铁vertical stiffening channel of tank wall油箱活门oil sampling valve放油活门oil drainningvalve冷却器cooler集中安装concentrated installation集中安装强油循环风冷器concentrated installation of forced-oil circulating air cooler 冷却器进口inlet of cooler冷却器出口outlet of cooler潜油泵oil-submerged pump油流继电器oil flow relay净油器oil filter虹吸净油器oil siphon filter散热器radiator片式散热器panel type radiator管式散热器tubular radiator放油塞oil draining plug放气塞air exhausting plug蝶阀radiator valve butterfly valve风扇支架supporting frame for fan motors 风扇及电机fan and motor风扇接线盒connecting box for fan motors 储油柜conservator油位计oil-level indicator气体继电器gas relay, buchholz realy皮托继电器pitot relay储油柜联管elbow joint for conservator有载开关用储油柜conservator for OLTC 有载开关用气体继电器gas relay for OLTC联管tube connector吸湿器dehydrating breather铭牌rating plate温度计thermometer指示仪表柜cabinet panel for indicating instruments风扇控制柜cabinet panel for fan motor control压力释放阀pressure-relief valve安全气道explosion-proof pope膨胀器expander主排气导管main gas-conduit分支导气管branching gas-conduit滤油界面tube connector for oil-filter温度计座thermometer socket储油柜支架supporting frame for conservator高压套管HV bushing高压套管均压球equipotential shielding for HV bushing高压零相套管HV neutral bushing, HV bushing phase0中压套管MV bushing中压零相套管MV neutral bushing, MV bushing phase0低压套管LV bushing接地套管earthing bushing极性polarity极化polarization高压套管储油柜conservator for HV bushing相间隔板interphase insulating barrier吊攀lifting lug安装轨道installation rail相序标志牌designation mark of phase sequence接地螺栓earthing bolt视察窗inspection hole手孔handhole人孔manholeMR有载开关MR OLTCABB 有载开关ABB OLTC伊林有载开关ELIN OLTC3.129 F&套管F&G bushingPART4 铁心结构多框式铁心multi-frame type core三相三柱铁心three-phase three-limb core三相五柱铁心three-phase five-limb core 卷铁心wound core冷轧晶粒取向硅钢片cold-rolled grain-oriented silicon sheet steel晶粒crystalline grain高导磁硅钢片HI-B silicon sheet steel铁心片core lamination一迭铁心a lamination stock铁心迭积图lamination drawing, lamination diagram迭片lamination迭片系数lamination factor空间利用系数space factor层间绝缘layer insulation斜接缝mitring45°斜接缝45°mitred joint斜接缝的交错排列方式over-lay arrangement for mitred joints of lamination重迭overlap铁心油通oil-duct of core铁心气道air ventilating duct of core阶梯接缝stepped lay joint对接铁心butt jointed core渐开线铁心evolute core, involute core空气隙air gap铁心拉板tensile plate of core limb, core drawplate铁心柱core limb, core lge轭，铁轭yoke上轭upper yoke下轭lower yoke旁轭side yoke, return yoke环氧绑扎带epoxy-bonded bandage轭拉带yoke tensile belt铁轭拉带banded band of core yoke上轭顶梁top jointing beam of upper yoke 侧梁side beam夹件clamping frame铁心夹件core clamps, coreframe铁轭夹件yoke clamping, yoke clamps上夹件upper yoke clamping, upper yoke clamps下夹件lower yoke clampings, lower yoke clamps夹件腹板web of yoke clamping夹件肢板limb of yoke clamping夹件加强stiffening plate of clamping压线圈的压钉winding compressing bolt压钉螺母nut for compressing bolt弹簧压钉compressing bolt with spring油缸压钉compressing bolt with hydraulic damper线圈支撑架winding supporter线圈支撑架winding supporting plate垫脚foot pad定位孔positioning hole带螺母的定位柱positioning stud拉螺杆tensile rod夹件夹紧螺杆yoke clamping bolt铁心接地片core earthing strip铁心地屏earthing screen of code旁轭地屏earthing screen of side yoke接地屏蔽earthing shield铁心窗高core window height中心距M center line distance M铁心中间距center distance between lombs 木垫块wood padding block迭片系数lamination factor铁心的级stage of lamination stacks心柱外接圆circumscribed circle of core leg 铁心端面core surface perpendicular to lamination木棒wood bar, wood rod定位板positioning platePART5 线圈结构圆筒式线圈cylindrical winding层式线圈layer winding饼式线圈disk winding单层圆筒式线圈single layer cylindrical winding双层圆筒式线圈double layer cylindrical winding多层圆筒式线圈multi-layer cylindrical winding大型层式线圈large size long layer winding 分段圆筒式线圈sectional layer winding分段多层圆筒线圈sectional multi-layer winding连续式线圈continuous winding半连续式线圈semi-continuous winding纠结式线圈interleaved winding纠结饼式线圈interleaved disc winding纠结—连续式线圈interleaved-continuous winding部分纠结式线圈partial-interleaved winding插花纠结式线圈sandwich-interleaved winding内屏连续式线圈innershield-continuous winding插入电容式线圈capacitor shield winding 高串联电容线圈high series capacitance winding双饼式线圈twin-disk winding交错式线圈sandwich winding, staggered winding螺旋式线圈helical winding, helix winding 半螺旋式线圈semi-helical winding单列螺旋式线圈single-row helical winding 双列螺旋式线圈double-row helical winding三列螺旋式线圈three-row helical winding 短螺旋式线圈short helical winding螺旋式线圈引出端的固定terminal fixing for helical winding分裂式线圈split winding分段式线圈sectional winding箔式线圈foil winding全绝缘线圈uniformly insulated winding分级绝缘线圈gradedly insulated winding, winding with non-uniform insulation第三线圈tertiary winding高压线圈high-voltage winding中压线圈mid-voltage winding, intermediate voltage winding低压线圈low-voltage winding调压线圈regulating winding, tapped winding辅助线圈auxiliary winding平衡线圈balance winding稳定线圈stabilizing winding公共线圈common winding串联线圈series winding连耦线圈coupling winding励磁线圈exciting winding, energizing winding一次线圈primary winding二次线圈secondary winding左绕left-wound右绕right-wound星形联结star connection三角形联结delta connection曲折形联结zigzag connectionT形联结scott connection开口三角形联结open-delta connection开口线圈open winding线段winding disk, winding section线层winding layer匝绝缘turn insulation层绝缘layer insulation段绝缘insulation between disks, section insulation端绝缘end insulation顶部端环top support ring分接头tapping terminal分接区tapping zone段间横垫块radial spacer between disks燕尾垫块chock燕尾撑条dovetail strip垫块的厚度spacer thickness垫块的宽度spacer width撑条stick, duct strip轴向撑条axial strip油道oil-duct, oil passage径向油道radial oil-duct段间油道oil-duct between disks段间过度联线transfer connection between disks段间换位联线transposed connection between disksS弯S-bend线圈起始端initial terminal of winding线圈终端final terminal of winding轴向深度axial depth径向深度radial depth绝缘纸筒insulating cylinder匝间绝缘turn insulation绝缘角环insulating angled ring (collar ring)线匝间垫条insulating filling stripsbetween turns分数匝fractional turn整数匝integer turn近似一圈approximate roll并绕导线parallel wound conductors多股导线multi-strand conductors电磁线electro-magnetic conductor组合导线composite conductor换位导线transposed conductor, transposed cable纸包线paper wrapped conductor纸包导线covered conductor漆包线enameled conductor圆线round wire硬拉铜导线hard drawn copper conductor 退火导线annealed conductor玻璃丝包线glass-fiber covered conductor 纸槽paper channel绑线binding wire绑绳binding rope静电板electrostatic plate静电环electrostatic ring端部电容环capacitive layer end ring端部电容屏capacitive layer end screen屏蔽环shielding ring屏蔽线shielding conductor屏蔽角环shroud petal绝缘包扎insulation wrapping线圈总高度overall height of winding铜线高度copper height of winding线圈调整trimming of winding线圈浸漆varnish impregnation of winding 线圈的换位transposition of winding标准换位standard transposition分组换位transposition by groups线圈展开图planiform drawing of winding 线圈的干燥与压缩drying and compressing of winding绝缘的压缩收缩率shrinkage of insulation under compression无氧铜导线deoxygenized copper conductor铝合金导线aluminum-alloy conductor PART6 油箱结构及附件钟罩式油箱bell type tank上节油箱upper part of tank下节油箱bottom part of tank箱壁tank wall带磁屏箱壁tank wall with magnetic shield 箱底tank bottom箱盖tank cover箱沿tank rim箱沿护框pad frame for tank rim gasket边缘垫片rim加强筋,加强板stiffener联管头tube connecting flange放油活门draining valve油样活门oil sampling valve油样活塞oil sampling plug闸阀gate valve蝶阀butterfly valve球阀ball valve压力释放阀pressure relief valve安全气道explosion-proof pipe真空接头connecting flange for evacuation 滤油接头connecting flange for oil filter水银温度计pocket for mercury thermometer铭牌底板base plate of rating plate手孔handhole人孔manhole6.27 升高座ascending flanged base turret 吊攀lifting lug千斤顶支座jacking lug定位钉positioning pin盖板cover plate临时盖板temporary cover plate带隔膜储油柜conservator with rubber diaphragm带胶囊储油柜conservator with rubber bladder沉淀盒precipitation well导气管air exhausting pipe导油管oil conduit吊环lifting eyebolt有围栏的梯子ladder with balustrade适形油箱form-fit tank呼吸器breather气体继电器gas relay, buchholz relay皮托继电器pitot relay流动继电器flow relay风冷却器air cooler水冷却器water cooler冷却器托架bracket for cooler冷却器拉杆tensile rod for cooler潜油泵oil-submerged pump流量flow quantity扬程lift控制箱control box控制盘control panel端子箱terminal box端子排terminal block风扇接线盒connecting box for fan-motors 金属软管metallic hose封闭母线联结法兰joint flange for enclosed bus-bar管式油位指示器tubular oil-level indicator 磁铁式油位指示器magnetic type oil-level indicatorPART7 铁心制造产品制造manufacturing of products硅钢片纵剪silicon steel sheet slitting硅钢片横剪silicon steel sheet cutting to length多刀滚剪机multi-disk-cutter slitting machine纵剪slitting横剪cut-to-length纵剪生产线slitting line横剪生产线cut-to-length line开卷机decoiler毛刺burr铁心片预迭pre-stacking of core lamination 铁心迭装core assembly铁心迭片core lamination选片pre-selection of lamination迭片lamination stacking两片一迭stacked by two-sheet打（敲）齐knock to even迭装流转台core assembly tilting platform 不迭上轭core stacking without upper yoke 打铁心用垫块knock block铁心料盘lamination stocking tray卷铁心机core winding machine铁心退火core annealing铁心中间试验interprocess core test片的角度偏差angular misalignment of lamination宽度偏差width deviation长度偏差length deviation铁心的垂直度verticality of core铁心起立tilt the core into vertical position 迭片的定位挡板positioning stopper for core assembly硅钢片的涂漆varnish coating of silicon steel sheet片间绝缘试验lamination insulation test半导体粘带semi-conductive adhesive tape 半干环氧粘带semi-cured epoxy adhesive tape粘带的固化cure of adhesive tape夹紧铁心工具clamping tools for core铁心柱的夹紧装置tightening device for core leg铁心翻转台tilting platform of core螺旋千斤顶screw jack水平尺level gauge, level instrument专用套筒搬手special socket spanner迭片的工艺孔punching hole on the lamination for manufacturing purpose迭板导棒guiding bar for core assembly力短搬手torque spanner, torque wrench角度测量平台angular measuring platform 切口防锈漆antirust coating for cutting edges铁心的油道撑条strips for core oil-ducts撑条粘结sticking of strips级间衬纸insulating paper between core stages冲孔模hole punching die缺口模notch punching die皮裙leather apron防护袖protective sleeve护臂shoulder guard护腿shin guardPART8 线圈制造绕线机，卷线机winding machine卧式绕线机horizontal winding machine立式绕线机vertical winding machine绕盘架bracket for conductor drums,bracket for wire drums导线盘conductor drum, wire drum导线拉紧装置conductor tensile device, wire tensile device导线复绕机conductor rewind machine导线矫直机conductor straightening machine可调节绕线模adjustable winding drum装配式绕线模fabricated winding drum钢板筒绕线模steel-plate rolled winding drum模子直径former diameter线圈外径OD (outside diameter) of winding 线圈内径ID (inside diameter) of winding 半径radius木撑条wood supporting strips绝缘撑条insulating strips撑条号number of the strip, number of chock line正段线饼normally wound disks反段线饼reversely wound disks临时段线饼temporarily wound disksS型弯crossover匝数器winding-turn recorder线圈的导线winding conductor线圈内部的导线焊接welding of conductors within the winding碰焊butt welding焊接导线用的碰焊机butt welder for conductor joint铜焊brazing welding铜电焊electric brazing脚控点焊机foot-operated spot welder附加绝缘additional insulation出头固定winding terminal fixing出头锁紧winding terminal fastening打圈出头terminal end out by looping拿弯工具bending tool线圈夹具clamping tool for winding线圈翻转架tilting frame for winding扁嘴钳flat nosed pliers8.39 克丝钳wire-cutting pliers钳锤plummet恒压干燥drying under constant compression线圈压板winding compression plates拉紧螺杆tensile screw rod弹簧压梁spring compression木垫块wood padding block铝垫块aluminum padding block线圈的稳定处理isostatic treatment of winding股间绝缘试验insulation test between strands导线包纸insulation wrapping of conductor 纸带盘paper tape reels包纸机wrapping machine立式包纸机vertical paper wrapping machine卧式包纸机horizontal paper wrapping machine恒湿箱humidistat裁纸机paper slitting machine螺旋柱形弹簧helical spring碟形弹簧，盘形弹簧Belleville spring washer皱纹纸带crepe paper tape金属编织带metal wire woven tape线圈干燥后的整理trimming of winding after drying卧式真空干燥罐side-loading vacuum drying autoclave立式真空干燥罐top-loading vacuum drying autoclave线圈油压机hydraulic press for winding多根撑条铣切机muli-strip milling cutter 线圈的传递及保管conveyance and storage of windingPART 9 油箱制造钢板表面预处理steel plate surface pre-processing划线layout园形样板circular template剪切shearing刨边edge shaping气割gas cutting自动气割automatic gas cutting等离子切割plasma cutting切割机cutting machine多用切割机universal cutting machine气焊把welding torch, welding blowpipe割咀cutting nozzle焊咀welding nozzle焊条welding rod焊剂welding paste, welding flux焊接桌welding bench焊接用保护镜welding goggles瓶推车cylinder trpolley折板机bending press, bending braks液压折板机hydraulic bending press, hydraulic bending brake交流电弧焊alternation arc welding自动电焊automatic electric arc welding埋弧自动焊automatic submerged-arc weldingCO保护焊CO protected welding氩弧焊argon protected welding惰性气体供应inert-gas supply, shielding-gas supply惰性气体焊枪inert-gas torch for inert-gas welding乙炔焊acetylene乙炔瓶acetylene cylinder乙炔气界面gas connection, acetylene connection瓦斯控制gas control, acetylene control瓦斯管gas hose氧气瓶oxygen cylinder氧气界面oxygen connection氧气管oxygen hose氧化oxidation高压压力表high-pressure manometer低压压力表low-pressure manometer水箱water hank原子氢焊atomic hydrogen arc welding电焊工arc welder, welder容器焊工boilermaker电焊面罩arc welding helmet五把手套five-fingered welding glove焊把臂electrode arm焊条把electrode holder电焊条压力缸electrode-pressure cylinder 电焊条filler rod填充物filler角焊fillet测厚仪fillet gauge, , weld gauge型材冷弯机cold bending machine for profiles弯管机pipe bending machine钢管压弯模bending die for steel tube双动冲床double-action punching machine 龙门冲床double column punching machine 单点液压矫正机single pole correction press移动式摇臂钻床movable radial drilling machine深喉冲床deep-throat punching machine夹件焊装翻转架revolving fixture for core clamping fabrication焊接变位架welding transposition fixture 小转台small turntable螺杆桩焊机stud welder点焊机spot welder缝焊机seam welder多点焊机multi-point spot welder端面车床surface lathe油箱试漏leakage test for tank油箱强度试验strength test for tank真空强度试验vacuum test for tank煤油着色试漏coloured kerosene leakage test荧光试漏fluorescent leakage test超声探伤ultrasonic flaw detection磁力探伤magnetic flaw detection清除焊药皮clear away welding flux清除焊渣飞溅clear away welding splashes 清渣锤chippung hammer焊渣箱scrap box除锈clear away rust钢板预处理pre-cleaning for steel plate型钢预处理pre-cleaning for shape steel喷砂处理shot blast cleaning喷漆lacquer涂漆surface painting油箱内壁涂漆inner surface painting of tank防锈底漆antirust primer环氧铁红底漆iron red epoxy primer淋漆,喷漆lacquer showering溶剂，稀释剂thinner。

变压器是电力系统中不可或缺的设备，用于将高压电能转变为低压电能，以满足不同场合的用电需求。

在电力系统中，变压器的投资和收益对于运营商和投资者来说都是至关重要的。

了解变压器投资和收益的经济评价公式对于电力行业的从业者和投资者来说至关重要。

在进行变压器投资和收益的经济评价时，需要考虑到多种因素，包括变压器的成本、使用寿命、维护成本、能效等。

下面将从多个方面介绍变压器投资和收益的经济评价公式。

1. 变压器投资的经济评价公式变压器的投资主要包括购置成本、安装调试成本等。

变压器的购置成本可以通过以下公式计算：购置成本 = 变压器单价× 变压器容量其中，变压器单价是指每单位容量的变压器的价格，变压器容量是指变压器能够承载的最大容量。

在计算购置成本时，需要考虑到变压器的额定容量以及负载率等因素。

除了购置成本外，安装调试成本也是变压器投资的重要组成部分。

安装调试成本可以通过以下公式计算：安装调试成本 = 安装调试费用安装调试费用包括人工费、材料费、设备费用等，是指将变压器安装到指定位置并进行调试所需的费用。

2. 变压器收益的经济评价公式变压器的收益主要来自于其在运行中为电力系统提供的功率转换功能。

变压器的收益可以通过以下公式计算：收益 = 电能节约× 电能价格其中，电能节约是指通过变压器提高能效所节约的电能量，电能价格是指电力市场上的电能价格。

在计算收益时，需要注意考虑到变压器的使用寿命、维护成本等因素。

变压器的使用寿命可以通过以下公式计算：使用寿命 = (经济寿命 - 已使用年限) / 经济寿命其中，经济寿命是指变压器的设计寿命，已使用年限是指变压器已经使用的年限。

通过计算使用寿命，可以对变压器的收益进行预测和评估。

变压器的维护成本也是影响变压器收益的重要因素。

变压器的维护成本可以通过以下公式计算：维护成本 = 维护费用维护费用包括变压器的日常维护、检修、更换部件等费用，是影响变压器收益的重要成本因素。