【雅思真题】剑6Test1阅读Passage1真题及解析汇报
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篇一:雅思剑6阅读答案篇二:雅思剑6阅读答案剑桥雅思真题一直是考官和雅思考生的桥梁,对雅思考生来说是非常有价值的参考书。
小编整理了剑桥雅思6真题难点及答题技巧全解析(阅读篇),供烤鸭们参考,还有免费的剑桥雅思资料下载哦!剑桥真题一直是考官和雅思考生的桥梁,对雅思考生来说是非常有价值的参考书。
小编整理了剑桥雅思6真题难点及答题技巧全解析(阅读篇),供烤鸭们参考,还有免费的剑桥雅思资料下载哦!剑桥雅思6阅读部分总体介绍剑桥雅思系列真题vi中的list of headings,段落标题配对题的比例呈明显上升趋势。
cambridge iv v 各有两篇文章有该题型,而且各自只有9道和7道。
而《剑桥雅思6》共有5篇文章包含该题型,一共28道题目。
这对广大考生无疑形成了不小的难度,烤鸭们需要加强对段落主旨的把握能力,下面就是天道小编整理的剑桥雅思6阅读test 3难点解析。
在的主流题型中,是非无判断题(t / f / ng)、小结填空题(summary)、简答题 (short answer)、标题配对题(headings)、其他配对题(matching)和多项选择题(multiple choice)的前三种题型属于技巧题(即使单词量不高也能通过技巧解题),后两种属于考核语言实力题(单词不认识就无法完成)。
《剑桥雅思6》四套留学类阅读试题的题型分配比例是:雅思阅读判断题45道(28%),雅思阅读主观题36道(23%),雅思阅读标题配对题28道(18%),其他配对题40道(25%),选择题11道(7%)。
cambridge vi体现出的趋势是判断题仍然属于主流题型,但是其比例较cambridge v略有下降。
剑vi仍然把判断题作为数量最多的一种题型. 而配对题比例已经有所上升,cambridge vi 中的配对题是最多的。
这恰与09年全年的考试趋势吻合,这会对语言功底相对薄弱的考生造成一定的障碍。
在主观题中,summary题型大多数都是针对全篇文章的摘要,而且题量很大,有一定难度。
雅思为各位考生推荐复习材料-剑桥雅思6Test 1 Passage1真题解析;相应的译文,请点击:剑6雅思阅读Test1passage1译文-澳大利亚的体育成就。
Test 1 Passage1Question 1答案:B关键词:exchange of expertise, between different sports/collaborate, across a number of sports定位原文:B段第2、3句“...and collaborates with… a number of sports …”解题思路: 题干中讲到不同体育领域的专业知识交流正好跟原文中跨不同体育专家之间的合作相对应,理解意思即可容易找到正确答案。
Question 2答案:C关键词: visual imaging/3D, image定位原文: C段第6句: “...shows off the prototype of a 3D analysis …”解题思路: 通过题干中的视频成像可以很容易找到原文中对应的3D和成像。
Question 3答案:B关键词: a reason for narrowing/ can’t waste time定位原文: B段最后1句: “We can’t waste our time looking…”解题思路: 题目中的research activity和原文中的scientific questions 属于同义表达,定位答题区域,发现此句话所要表达的意思是不在一些飘渺的、不切实际的科学问题上浪费时间,也就是说要缩小研究的范围。
Question 4答案:F关键词:AIS ideas reproduce/ copying定位原文: F段第1句话“Of course, there’s nothing…”解题思路: 题干中的reproduce是复制的意思,之后从文章中发现句子有复制copying,即可以直接定位。
雅思第六套真题答案解析雅思是全球最重要的英语语言考试之一,对于许多想要出国留学或者移民的人来说,取得高分是非常关键的。
每年都有很多人参加雅思考试,因此了解雅思考试的真题答案解析对于备考者来说是非常重要的。
首先,我们需要明确一点,在备考雅思的过程中,最重要的不是直接去记答案,而是通过解析真题来提高自己的英语能力。
雅思阅读考试是一个检查考生阅读理解和解决问题能力的考试,所以阅读技巧的培养至关重要。
要想在雅思阅读考试中取得好成绩,最重要的就是训练自己的阅读速度和理解能力。
接下来,让我们来解析一道典型的雅思阅读真题。
假设题目为:“根据文章,回答以下问题:爱因斯坦在相对论中提到了什么重要观点?请详细解释。
”在对这道题目进行解析之前,我们要先明确一点,阅读理解题的解答要从文章中找到明确的依据,并进行简洁准确的回答。
通过阅读题目中给出的关键词“爱因斯坦”和“相对论”可以推断出,该题目涉及到了爱因斯坦的相对论相关观点。
因此,我们需要在文章中找到与相对论有关的部分。
在阅读文章时,我们要注意关键词和句子,例如“相对论”、“爱因斯坦”、“示例”等,这些关键词能帮助我们迅速找到所需答案所在的段落。
根据文章的段落结构和主题句,我们可以找到与相对论有关的部分,并进行解析。
在解析时,我们要将文中的观点整理清楚,并用自己的语言进行解释。
例如,爱因斯坦的相对论主要包括两个重要观点:时间相对性和时空弯曲。
时间相对性指的是时间的流逝并不是绝对的,对于不同的观察者来说,时间的流逝速度是不同的。
时空弯曲则是指质量会影响时空结构,大质量物体会扭曲周围的时空结构。
在回答问题时,我们要清晰地陈述爱因斯坦在相对论中提到的重要观点,并进行适当的解释。
如果题目要求详细解释,我们需要给出具体的例子来加强我们的回答。
例如,可以举出实验验证时间相对性的例子,也可以通过引用相关研究来加强我们对时空弯曲的解释。
总之,解析雅思阅读真题需要灵活运用阅读技巧和高效的理解能力。
READING PASSAGE 1文章结构本节考查词汇demolish [ ♎♓❍●♓☞ ] vt. 推翻rival [ ❒♋♓❖☜● ] n. 对手with ease [ ♓ ] 轻易地underpin [ ✈⏹♎☜☐♓⏹ ] v. 支撑,支持youngster [ ✈☠♦♦☜ ] n. 年青人collaborate [ ☜●✌♌☜❒♏♓♦ ] vi. 合作golfer [♊♈●♐☜☎❒✆] n. 高尔夫球手squash [ ♦♦☞ ] n. 壁球cyclist [ ♦♋✋●✋♦♦] n. 自行车运动员tweak [ ♦♦♓ ] v. 拧champion [ ♦☞✌❍☐☜⏹ ] n. 冠军slice [ ♦●♋♓♦ ] v. 切spine [ ♦☐♋♓⏹ ] n. 脊柱,脊椎wring [ ❒♓☠ ] v. 榨取unobtrusive [ ✈⏹☜♌♦❒◆♦♓❖ ] adj. 不明显的,微型的immune [ ♓❍◆⏹ ] adj. 免疫的complex [ ❍☐●♏♦ ] adj. 复杂的segment [ ♦♏♈❍☜⏹♦ ] n. 部分,章节unveil [ ✈⏹❖♏♓l ] vt. 揭开,展示endurance [ ♓⏹♎◆❒☜⏹♦ ] n. 耐力rower [ ♊❒☜☺☜☎❒✆ ] n. 划船选手replicate [ ❒♏☐●♓♓♦ ] v. 复制考题精解Questions 1-7『题型』MATCHING『解析』该题型是绝对乱序题型。
应尽量根据段落主题来大致定位到段落,然后寻找具体替换以确认答案。
Questions 8-11『题型』MATCHING『解析』大致定位:C/D两段段讲到具体应用,所以大部分应在此二段落;只有F段主题是涉及其他国家(their rivals)。
Questions 12-13『题型』SHORT-ANSWER QUESTION『解析』主题句解析1.第一段首、末句:They play hard, they play often, and they play to win…Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.解析:文章的开篇通常是背景介绍,以避免主题的切入过于突兀。
2021年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套仔细阅读2篇Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent's most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity (盐分) is hampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to harness one foe against the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhousesat the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner "Project Neurice" are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes."The project has two sides," says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona, "the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency."Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Technologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums (水族馆), but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail's presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. "The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when."Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they've bred. In 2021, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe's other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France's Rhone. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome (基因组).46. Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A) It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B) It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C) Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D) Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47. What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A) Striking the weaker enemy first. B) Killing two birds with one stone.C) Eliminating the enemy one by one.D) Using one evil to combat the other.48. What do we learn about "Project Neurice"?A) Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B) It aims to increase the yield of Spanishrice.C) Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D) It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A) It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B) It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C) It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D) It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A) Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B) Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C) Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D) Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, and it's bad for you, and we're not living in thepresent moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets people more engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightensthe pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological (考古的) museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want to photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers (Instagram用户) everywhere, it can even make meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51. What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A) It was a painstaking effort for recording life's major events.B) It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C) It was a good way to preserve one's precious images.D) It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out _______.A) what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB) whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC) how it could help to enrich people's life experiencesD) whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53. What do the results of Diehl's experiments show about people taking pictures?A) They are distracted from what they are doing.B) They can better remember what they see or do.C) They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D) They can have a better understanding of the world.54. What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A) They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B) They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C) They have a better view of what are on display.D) They follow the historical events more easily.55. What do we learn from the last paragraph?A) It is better to make plans before taking photos.B) Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C) Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D) Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.Passage one46.C47.D48.C49.B50.A Passage two51.A52.D53.C54.B55.D。
【雅思真题】剑6Test1阅读Passage1真题及解析READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based onReading Passage 1 below.AUSTRALIA'S SPORTING SUCCESSA They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sportsteams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seemingease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensivenetwork of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At theAustralian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live andtrain under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousandsof sportsmen and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilitiesand nutritional advice.B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs morethan 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one - such as building muscle strength in golfers - toothers, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians whodesign instruments to collect data from athletes. They allfocus on one aim: winning. ‘We can't waste our time looking at etherealscientific questions that don't help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,' says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.C A lot of their work comes down to measurement - everything from the exactangle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is onindividuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second’s here , an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. Itthe tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. Todemonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype ofa 3D analysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a championswimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he analyses howher spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason's contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (SWimmingANalysis)system now used in Australian national competitions. It collectsimages from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down eachpart of a swimmer's performance into factors that can be analysed individually-stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity,start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits outdata on each swimmerD ‘Take a look,' says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the dataon the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one whofinished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of asecond down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the otherguy,' says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better ’ This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists' research is bringing to arange of sports.With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne,they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete'sclothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or anyother factor that might have an impact on an athlete's ability to run.There's more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives theexample of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times ayear. After years of experimentation, AlS and the University of Newcastle in NewSouth Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-systemprotein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes' saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fallbelow a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgAlevels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests wereintroduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful atstaying healthy.E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sportsscientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a‘competition model', based on what they expect will be the winning times.‘You design the model to make that time,' says Mason.‘A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequencyand stroke length, with turns done in these times.' All the training is thengeared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and foreach segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australiainto arguably the world's most successful sporting nation.F Of course, there's nothing to stop other countries copying-and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes.At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists' and rowers' times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happenedto the ‘altitude tent', developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training atsea level. But Australia's success story is about morethan easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicatedits all-encompassing system.Questions 1-7Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated6 an overview of the funded support of athletes7 how performance requirements are calculated before an eventQuestions 8-11Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states theyA are currently exclusively used by AustraliansB will be used in the future by AustraliansC are currently used by both Australians and their rivalsWrite the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.8cameras9sensors10protein tests11altitude tentsQuestions 12 and 13Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?13 By how much did some cyclists' performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games? READING PASSAGE 真1解析:篇章构体裁明文主澳大利的体育成就构 A 段:澳大利体育成斐然 B 段:科技是第一生力C段:精确量和数据分析 D 段:精确量和数据分析的例E 段:数据的用F 段:不可复制的成功必背A 段fair adj.合理的 pro n. 运demolish v.;破坏,坏under the eye of在⋯⋯的注意下rival n.争者,手 body n.体,机构seeming adj.表面上的 ( 通常事并非如此 ) finance v.⋯⋯提供ease n. 不力,松 excellence n.秀,卓越extensive adj.广泛的,涉及面广的intensive adj.化的underpin v.以⋯⋯固基nutritional adj.养的B 段centre stage中心地位 squash n.壁球collaborate v.合作 instrument n.器,器械golfer n.打高夫球的人 ethereal adj.渺的,引申不切的C段come down to(sth.)可 wire-frame adj.框的second-by-second每秒的 slice v.划开;切开output n.出 slow motion慢作wring ⋯out of 原扭,榨取,此引申从⋯⋯中( 努力 ) 得 side-on从面stroke n.划,划水tweak v.扭,用力拉 spine n.脊柱world-beating adj.世瞩目的 swivel v.旋prototype n.原型 biomechanical adj.生物力 ( 学 ) 的profile n.原廓、外形,此意模型velocity n.速度,速率lap n. 一圈budding adj.展中的 spit out原是吐出,此引申示出、分析出frame n.,画面D段turn time身 immunoglobulin n.免疫球蛋白unobtrusive adj.不眼的,不醒目的present adj.存在的sensor n.感器 saliva n.唾液embed v. 使插入;使嵌入 ease v.减,减弱sweat v.出汗,汗remarkably adv.著地,引人注目地;非常地experimentation n.,immune-system免疫系的E段complex adj.复的transform v.,,改championship n.冠arguably adv.可地(可地),有理由地gear v.整,(使)适合segment n. 部分F 段unveil v.展示(新品);揭开altitude tent高原篷coolant-lined流型散replicate v.复制endurance n.耐力;忍耐力encompass v.包含或包括某事物slice v.减少,降低句解析1. A lot of their work comes down to measurement—everything from the exact angle of a swimmer's dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist.参考文:多工作都涉及具体量,量内容包括从游泳运潜水的精确角度到自行运每秒功率出的所有数据。
【雅思真题】剑6Test1阅读Passage1真题及解析READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.AUSTRALIA'S SPORTING SUCCESSA They play hard, they play often, and they play to win. Australian sports teams win more than their fair share of titles, demolishing rivals with seeming ease. How do they do it? A big part of the secret is an extensive and expensive network of sporting academies underpinned by science and medicine. At the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS), hundreds of youngsters and pros live and train under the eyes of coaches. Another body, the Australian Sports Commission (ASC), finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sportsmen and women. Both provide intensive coaching, training facilities and nutritional advice.B Inside the academies, science takes centre stage. The AIS employs more than 100 sports scientists and doctors, and collaborates with scores of others in universities and research centres. AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one - such as building muscle strength in golfers - to others, such as swimming and squash. They are backed up by technicians who design instruments to collect data from athletes. They all focus on one aim: winning. ‘We can't waste our time looking at ethereal scientific questions that don't help the coach work with an athlete and improve performance,' says Peter Fricker, chief of science at AIS.C A lot of their work comes down to measurement - everything from the exact angle of a swimmer’s dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist. This data is used to wring improvements out of athletes. The focus is on individuals, tweaking performances to squeeze an extra hundredth of a second here, an extra millimetre there. No gain is too slight to bother with. It’s the tiny, gradual improvements that add up to world-beating results. To demonstrate how the system works, Bruce Mason at AIS shows off the prototype of a 3D analysis tool for studying swimmers. A wire-frame model of a champion swimmer slices through the water, her arms moving in slow motion. Looking side-on, Mason measures the distance between strokes. From above, he analyses howher spine swivels. When fully developed, this system will enable him to build a biomechanical profile for coaches to use to help budding swimmers. Mason's contribution to sport also includes the development of the SWAN (SWimming ANalysis)system now used in Australian national competitions. It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second and breaks down each part of a swimmer's performance into factors that can be analysed individually - stroke length, stroke frequency, average duration of each stroke, velocity, start, lap and finish times, and so on. At the end of each race, SWAN spits out data on each swimmerD ‘Take a look,' says Mason, pulling out a sheet of data. He points out the data on the swimmers in second and third place, which shows that the one who finished third actually swam faster. So why did he finish 35 hundredths of a second down? ‘His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy,' says Mason. ‘If he can improve on his turns, he can do much better’This is the kind of accuracy that AIS scientists' research is bringing to a range of sports.With the Cooperative Research Centre for Micro Technology in Melbourne, they are developing unobtrusive sensors that will be embedded in an athlete's clothes or running shoes to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an athlete's ability to run. There's more to it than simply measuring performance. Fricker gives the example of athletes who may be down with coughs and colds 11 or 12 times a year. After years of experimentation, AlS and the University of Newcastle in New South Wales developed a test that measures how much of the immune-system protein immunoglobulin A is present in athletes' saliva. If IgA levels suddenly fall below a certain level, training is eased or dropped altogether. Soon, IgAlevels start rising again, and the danger passes. Since the tests were introduced, AIS athletes in all sports have been remarkably successful at staying healthy.E Using data is a complex business. Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a‘competition model', based on what they expect will be the winning times.‘You design the model to make that time,' says Mason. ‘A start of this much, each free-swimming period has to be this fast, with a certain stroke frequency and stroke length, with turns done in these times.' All the training is thengeared towards making the athlete hit those targets, both overall and for each segment of the race. Techniques like these have transformed Australia into arguably the world's most successful sporting nation.F Of course, there's nothing to stop other countries copying-and many have tried. Some years ago, the AIS unveiled coolant-lined jackets for endurance athletes. At the Atlanta Olympic Games in 1996, these sliced as much as two per cent off cyclists' and rowers' times. Now everyone uses them. The same has happened to the ‘altitude tent', developed by AIS to replicate the effect of altitude training at sea level. But Australia's success story is about more than easily copied technological fixes, and up to now no nation has replicated its all-encompassing system.Questions 1-7Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.1 a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports2 an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations3 a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity4 how some AIS ideas have been reproduced5 how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated6 an overview of the funded support of athletes7 how performance requirements are calculated before an eventQuestions 8-11Classify the following techniques according to whether the writer states theyA are currently exclusively used by AustraliansB will be used in the future by AustraliansC are currently used by both Australians and their rivalsWrite the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 8-11 on your answer sheet.8 cameras9 sensors10 protein tests11 altitude tentsQuestions 12 and 13Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 12 and 13 on your answer sheet.12 What is produced to help an athlete plan their performance in an event?13 By how much did some cyclists' performance improve at the 1996 Olympic Games? READING PASSAGE 1真题解析:篇章结构体裁说明文主题澳大利亚的体育成就结构 A段:澳大利亚体育成绩斐然 B段:科技是第一生产力C段:精确测量和数据分析 D段:精确测量和数据分析的实例E段:数据的实际应用 F段:不可复制的成功必背词汇A段fair adj.合理的pro n.职业运动员demolish v.击败;破坏,毁坏 under the eye of 在……的注意下rival n.竞争者,对手 body n.团体,机构seeming adj.表面上的(通常事实并非如此) finance v.给……提供经费ease n.不费力,轻松 excellence n.优秀,卓越extensive adj.广泛的,涉及面广的 intensive adj.强化的underpin v.以……为稳固基础 nutritional adj.营养的B段centre stage 中心地位 squash n.壁球collaborate v.合作 instrument n.仪器,器械golfer n.打高尔夫球的人 ethereal adj.飘渺的,引申为不切实际的C段come down to(sth.)可归结为 wire-frame adj.线框的second-by-second 每秒的 slice v.划开;切开output n.输出 slow motion 慢动作wring…out of 原义为扭,榨取,此处引申为从……中(经过努力)获得 side-on 从侧面stroke n.划动,划水tweak v.扭,用力拉 spine n.脊柱world-beating adj.举世瞩目的 swivel v.旋转prototype n.原型 biomechanical adj.生物力(学)的profile n.原义为轮廓、外形,此处意为模型 velocity n.速度,速率lap n.一圈budding adj.发展中的 spit out 原义是吐出,此处引申为显示出、分析出frame n.帧,画面D段turn time 转身时间 immunoglobulin n.免疫球蛋白unobtrusive adj.不显眼的,不醒目的 present adj.存在的sensor n.传感器 saliva n.唾液embed v.使插入;使嵌入 ease v.减轻,减弱sweat v.出汗,发汗 remarkably adv.显著地,引人注目地;非常地experimentation n.实验,试验immune-system 免疫系统的E段complex adj.复杂的 transform v.转换,转变,改变championship n.冠军赛 arguably adv.可论证地(可辩论地),有理由说地gear v.调整,(使)适合segment n.部分F段unveil v.展示(新产品);揭开 altitude tent 高原帐篷coolant-lined 流线型散热 replicate v.复制endurance n.耐力;忍耐力 encompass v.包含或包括某事物slice v.减少,降低难句解析1. A lot of their work comes down to measurement—everything from the exact angle of a swimmer's dive to the second-by-second power output of a cyclist.参考译文:许多工作都涉及具体测量,测量内容包括从游泳运动员潜水的精确角度到自行车运动员每秒功率输出的所有数据。