翻译中的经典词汇

英语四六级翻译中国特色词汇四大名著《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms《西游记》 Journey to the West; Pilgrimage to the West《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions经典作品《史记》 Historical Records《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers 《山海经》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《孝经》 Book of Filial Piety《孙子兵法》 The Art of War《三字经》 The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio; Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio近现代佳作《围城》 Fortress Besieged《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q《吾国吾民》 My Country and My People《京华烟云》 Moment in Peking《骆驼祥子》 Rickshaw/James《茶馆》 Teahouse《边城》 The Border Town《倾城之恋》 Love in a Fallen City《十八春》 Eighteen Springs四书五经四书五经 The Four Books and The Five Classics1、四书 the Four Books《大学》 The Great Learning《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》 The Analects of Confucius《孟子》 The Mencius/The Works of Mencius2、五经 The Five Classics《春秋》 the Spring and Autumn Annals《诗经》 The Books of Songs;The Book of Odes《易经》(《周易》) I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》 The Book of Rites《尚书》 (《书经》) The Books of History传统节日十二生肖the twele Chinese zodiac signs本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches传统节日traditional holidays春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month)清明节the Pure Brightness Festival / the Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th)端午节the Dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month)中秋节the Moon Festival / the Mid-Autumn Day (15th of the eight lunar month)重阳节the Double Ninth Day / the Aged Day天干地支阳历 solar calendar公历 Gregorian calendar阴历 lunar calendar天干 heavenly stem地支 earthly branch闰年 leap year二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms民间传说 folklores寓言 fable传说 legend神话 mythology古为今用,洋为中用 make the past serve the present and the foreign serve china赋诗 inscribe a poem对对联 matching an antithetical couplet中国瑰宝习武健身 practice martial art for fitness气功 qigong, deep breathing exercises篆刻 seal cutting upriteous工艺, 手艺 workmanship / craftsmanship卷轴 scroll蜡染 batik泥人 clay figure漆画 lacquer painting唐三彩 Trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝 cloisonné文房四宝 The four stationery treasures of the Chinese study --- a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper戏剧文化皮影戏 shadow play; leather-silhouette show说书 story-telling叠罗汉 make a human pyramid折子戏 opera highlights踩高跷 stilt walk哑剧 pantomime; mime哑剧演员 pantomimist戏剧小品 skit马戏 circus show单口相声 monologue comic talk, standup comedy特技表演 stunt相声 witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk杂技 acrobatics京韵大鼓 the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment 秦腔 Shaanxi opera国粹术语生 (男性正面角色) male (the positive male role)旦 (女性正面角色) female (the positive female role)净 (性格鲜明的男性配角) a supporting male role with striking character丑 (幽默滑稽或反面角色) a clown or a negative role花脸 painted role歌舞喜剧 musical滑稽场面, 搞笑小噱头 shtick滑稽短剧 skit京剧人物脸谱 Peking Opera Mask汉语汉字 Chinese character单音节 single syllable汉语四声调 the four tones of Chinese characters阳平 level tone阴平 rising tone上声 falling-rising tone去声 falling tone五言绝句 five-character quatrain七言律诗 seven-character octave八股文 eight-part essay; stereotyped writing文化遗产重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts文物 cultural relics中国画 traditional Chinese painting书法 calligraphy水墨画 Chinese brush painting; ink and wash painting工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting中国结 Chinese knot旗袍 Cheongsam中山装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 traditional Chinese garments (clothing)，Tang suit艺术词汇文人 men of letters雅士 refined scholars表演艺术 performing art现代流行艺术 popular art, pop art纯艺术 high art高雅艺术 refined art电影艺术 cinematographic art戏剧艺术 theatrical art才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies中国意念词(Chinesenesses) 八卦trigram 阴、阳yin, yang 道Dao(cf. logo) ’world) 江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traitse.g. You can’t control everything in a traits人在江湖，身不由己) ’world. (人在江湖，身不由己道Daoism(Taoism) 上火excessive internal heat 儒学Confucianism 红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology 世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia 开放kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world) 大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post 脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty 治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline 中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)中国电信China Telecom 中国移动China Mobile 十五计划the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网Chinanet 三峡工程the Three Gorges Project 希望工程Project Hope京九铁路Beijing CKowloon Railway 扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程Decent-Life Project安居工程Economy Housing Project 扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign 西部大开发Go-West Campaign 中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨wonton锅贴guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷steamed twisted rolls套餐set meal盒饭box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐rice tofu魔芋豆腐konjak tofu米粉rice noodles冰糖葫芦a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅chafing dish八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝glass noodles豆腐脑jellied bean curd中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers’ Day五四青年节 Youth Day。

鸠摩罗什翻译的经典词语鸠摩罗什是中国佛教史上著名的翻译家，他在翻译佛经的过程中创造了许多经典的词语，以下是其中的一些：1. 无常：指世间一切事物都是无常变化的，常被用于表达无常性和世事变化的真理。

2. 空：指一切现象皆为空性，无实独立存在的本质。

3. 缘起：指一切存在皆因缘聚合而成，没有单独、独立存在的实体。

4. 心如木石：指心思定静如同木头石块，不被外物所动。

5. 智慧：指众生本有的觉悟之性，通过修行可以开启。

6. 平等：指一切众生皆具有相同的佛性，无有高下之分。

7. 语录：指记录大师言行的文字，可以了解大师的思想和教诲。

8. 解脱：指从生死轮回中解脱出来，达到无苦安乐的境界。

9. 烦恼：指众生心中贪嗔痴等不良情绪，是生死轮回的根源。

10. 彼岸：指超越生死轮回的境界，是修行的最终目标。

11. 单位：指众生在轮回中的存在状态，如同一个一个的单位。

12. 出离：指从世俗的执着和烦恼中解脱出来，超越生死轮回。

13. 自在：指众生心中本有的自由之性，通过修行可以显现。

14. 未来：指未来的时间，可以用来表示未来的计划或期望。

15. 实际：指真实的本质或本性，超越一切虚妄和执着。

16. 心心相印：指众生心中相互契合、相互感应的状态，是修行中的一种境界。

17. 究竟：指最终的、最根本的真理或境界，超越一切相对和有限。

18. 想入非非：指心中胡思乱想、虚幻不实的状态，与“心如木石”相对。

19. 爱河：指贪爱、痴迷等不良情绪所形成的业障之河，使众生沉沦于生死轮回之中。

20. 律师：指精通律藏、能为人解惑的僧人或法师。

21. 参观：指实地考察、观察、体验某种事物或环境的行为。

22. 意识：指众生的觉知之性，是认知和体验的主体。

23. 消息：可以表示信息、情报或通讯等含义，也可以指消逝、消失等状态。

24. 世界：指众生所处的现实环境或宇宙万物，也可以表示世界观或对世界的看法。

25. 安宁：指内心平静、安宁的状态，与“烦恼”相对。

(完整)常见文言文字词翻译常见文言文字词翻译文言文字是我国古代的一种书面语言，距今已有几千年的历史。

作为汉字的一种书写方式，文言文字在古代文化、文献、经典著作中得到广泛应用。

然而，由于时代的变迁和语言的演变，现代人对于文言文字的理解和翻译存在一定的困难。

本文将介绍一些常见的文言文字词汇以及它们的翻译。

一、孝道孝道是儒家思想中的核心价值观之一，指的是尊重父母、孝顺父母的道德准则。

在古代社会中，孝道被视为维系家庭和社会秩序的重要因素。

如今，我们可以将孝道翻译为"filial piety"，它代表了对父母敬爱和关怀的态度。

二、仁义仁义是儒家思想中对待他人的道德原则。

仁义的核心是关心他人的福祉，以及在社会关系中的公正和道德准则。

翻译时，我们通常将仁义译为"benevolence"，它涵盖了人际关系中的仁爱和公正。

三、忠诚忠诚是指对于国家、家族或其他重要关系的坚定信念和忠实。

在古代社会中，忠诚被视为一种重要的美德。

在翻译中，我们可以将忠诚译为"loyalty"，它代表了对于某种价值观念或承诺的坚定信仰。

四、礼仪礼仪是指社会行为中的规范和准则。

在古代社会中，礼仪是维持社会秩序和人际关系和谐的重要因素。

翻译时，我们通常将礼仪译为"etiquette"，它代表了社交场合中的规范和礼貌。

五、君子君子是古代儒家思想中的理想人格。

君子具有高尚的品德和道德准则，关心他人的福祉，并有自我修养和实践的追求。

翻译时，我们通常将君子译为"gentry"，它代表了一种高尚和有教养的人格。

六、学问学问是指通过学习和探索所获得的知识和智慧。

在古代社会中，学问被视为一种修养和进取的方式。

我们可以将学问翻译为"learning"或者"knowledge"，这两个词都代表了通过学习和积累而获得的知识和智慧。

下面就是这些Chinglish说法，其中每行第一部分是汉语说法，第二部分是Chinglish说法，第三部分则是英语的标准说法。

①欢迎你到... ②wele you to ... ③wele to①永远记住你②remember you forever ③always remember you（没有人能活到for ever）①祝你有个... ②wish you have a ... ③I wish you a ...①给你②give you ③here you are①很喜欢... ②very like ... ③like ... very much①黄头发②yellow hair ③blond/blonde（西方人没有yellow hair的说法）①厕所②WC ③men’s room/women’s room/restroom①真遗憾②it’s a pity ③that’s too bad/it’s a shame（it’s a pity说法太老）①裤子②trousers ③pants/slacks/jeans①修理②mend ③fix/repair6①入口②way in ③entrance①出口②way out ③exit（way out在口语中是crazy的意思）①勤奋②diligent ③hardworking/studious/conscientious①应该②should ③must/shall①火锅②chafing dish ③hot pot①大厦②mansion ③center/plaza①马马虎虎②so-so ③average/fair/all right/not too bad/OK（西方人很少使用so-so）①好吃②delicious ③good/nice/tasty/appetizing（delicious在中国被滥用）①尽我最大努力②try my best ③try/strive（try的本意就是try my best）①有名②famous ③well-known/renowned/legendary/popular（famous在中国被滥用）①滑稽②humorous ③funny/witty/amusing/entertaining;①欺骗②to cheat ③to trick/to play a joke on/to con/to deceive/to rip off;①车门②the door of the car ③the car’s door①怎么拼? ②how to spell? ③how do you spell?①再见②bye-bye ③bye/see you/see you later/later（bye-bye有些孩子气）①玩②play ③go to/do（play在中国被滥用）①面条②noodles ③pasta（noodles有些孩子气）①据说②it is said ③I heard/I read/I was told ①等等②and so on ③etc.①直到现在②till now ③recently/lately/thus far ①农民②peasant ③farmer①宣传②propaganda ③information。

开始Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleashoutset, onset,Rudimentary, elementary,出现Appear, appear to be, emerge, arise, loom, turn out, show up, com out, come into sight/view, come forth发生Happen, occur, take place, come about,Happening occurrence产生,创造create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, beget，germinate;Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagine, envision,建立Found, set, built up, construct, institute, constitute, set up, establish制造,组成Make, make up, produce, construct, turn out, manufacture, form, shape, compose, compile, concoct, fabricate复制,繁殖58Copy, duplicate, reproduce, multiply.发育，发展Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主动) Develop, advance, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed（自我成长）Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;保持，延续Continue, last, carry on, keep on, keep, remain maintain retain Perpetuate,Persevere, stick with, insist on, persist in,Continuous, incessant, permanent, constant, steady, unbroken, perpetual, everlasting, eternal, lasting, unending, uninterrupted, undying, immortal, invariable,存在,生存Exist， found, stand, lay in, be rooted in，be embedded in,Substance, matter, object, material, stuff, things, entity,individual, creature, beings,Topic, subject, issue, theme, gist, item, content, point,Extant, existing, in existence, substantive, ubiquitous, omnipresent, universal, survive，outlive，outlast, remain alive，Endure, undergo,从有到无结束，停止53stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, concludeadjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert,abortaive,Surcease, cessation,impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate,Ultimate, final, eventual,Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,死亡,毁灭Perish, annihilate, kill, exterminate, take life, slay, hatchet, slaughter, assassinate, famish, smother, throttle, strangle, stifle, decimate,Die, pass away, perish, expire, run out,decease, death, demise, Defunct, moribund, dying,Fatal, formidable, deadly, fatality.取消,废除550Cancel, annul,　call off, do away with,Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullifyObsolete, out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,除去551Remove，erase，delete, extinguish, exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, extirpate, efface，clear away, throw away, do away with, wipe out, get rid of , rule out,Obliterate, expurgate, expunge, purify, purge,破坏Destroy, damage, wreck, devastate, raze, ravage, knock down, demolish, vandalize, tear down, ruin, spoil, dilapidate,Perdition，detrimental，harmful, injurious,topple down/inclement/伤害Damage Bruise, mar, maul, do harm to, injure, wound, hurt, impair, harm, hurt, wound, harm, break, fracture, maim, cripple, mangle, mutilate;cut, gash, fracture, break灾祸Disaster, catastrophic, calamity, cataclysm, carnage, massacre, holocaust, decimate, wreck, accident,Misfortune, hapless, mishap,逐渐消亡Rot way, perish, decay, disintegrate, decompose, deteriorate, molder, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate, corrupt,Rotten, decayed, corrupt, damaged;decrepit ,decrepitude, dilapidate状态之改变正面能力，强，权力Enable, facilitate, empower, entitle, enhance,Strengthen, reinforce, sustain, countenance, consolidate,Able, be capable of doing , competent, potent, omnipotent, puissant, resourcefulAbility, capability, capacity, skill, forte，competence, faculty Intelligence, aptitude, flair, talentClever, bright, talented, astute, wisdom, wise, smart, acumen, Hegemony, puissance, resource, power, energy, authority, influence, impact, supremacy, potency, strength, force, vigor;大Aggrandize, amplify, augment, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, magnify, enlarge,Exaggerate, overstate, overstress, overemphasize,多,增加Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise,Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, riseAbundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy,generous, numerous, in great numbers;sufficient, enough, adequate, ample, as much as necessary,Increment, accretion, growth, augmentation,高Raise, lift up, improve, enhance, elevate, escalate, heave, heighten, hoist, Rise, increase, ascend, mount, go up, climb scale, jack up, skyrocket, surge, upsurgeHigh, tall, in height, lofty, towering, lanky;Height, stature, elevation, altitude有助Help, assist, aid, subsidize, help to, conduce to,, contribute to, function to, be of assistance, lend a hand, facilitate, enhance,Helper, aide, assistant, accessory, ancillary, accomplice, auspices,支持Support, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, espouse, proponent, underpin, embrace, exponent,快216Accelerate, hasten, speed up, quicken up, expediteRun, scurry, scuttle, scamper, prance, gallop, sprint, scud, Dart, fleet, rush, Fast, quick, rapid, swift, expeditious, speedy, fleeting, briskSpeed, swiftness, pace, velocity, rapidity, tempo, rate, quickness, promptness,有效,起作用Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operative, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use, Available, serviceable,Impact, influence,自由，解脱Release, free, set free, set off, liberate, unshackle, unfetter, emancipate, manumit, disentangle, untangle, extricate, unravel,中性变Change, alter, modify, vary, turn, become, adjust, amend, transform, distort, modulate, transmute, shift, transfigure,Fluctuate, move, revolutionize, alternate, shiftDiversified, volatile, fickle, mercurial, protean, erratic, eccentric, irregular, inconsistent,Changeable, unsettled, variable, malleable, mutable,Change, alteration, variation, modification, transition, renovation, recondition, mutation;修改Redress, rectify, revise, emend, renovate, innovate, recondition,负面弱Weaken, enervate, vitiate, sap, impair, emaciate, attenuate, diluteWane, sag, fade, flag, deteriorate, exacerbate, wither, blight, dry up, wilt, sere, sear, shrink, shrivel,Weak, feeble, effete, wan, frail, lacking in strength, impotent, feeble, lethargicInfirmity, weakness, decadence, decadent,减少，降低Lower, reduce, decrease, drop off, abate, decline, dwarf, dwindle, rarefy, curtail, shorten, abridge, truncate, dock, decline, slump, eclipse, subside, shrink, ebb,Diminish, lessen, debase, dilute, moderate, die down, grow less intense, cut down, ebb, cut back,慢Decelerate, slow, slow down, retard, hold back,Slow, sluggish,Postpone, put off, delay, defer, procrastinate, adjourn,Dilatory, tardy, slack, sluggish,平息reconcile, comfort, placate, conciliate, reassure，allay, calm, console, soothe, pacify, assuage, mitigate, palliate, salve, temper,palliation, reconciliation,禁止，限制Prohibit, proscribe, forbid, ban, restrain, interdict, overrule, veto, stop fromLimit, restrict, confine, blockade, fetter, shackle, circumscribe Prohibited, forbidden, banned, illegal, outlawed, proscribed, taboo; Durance, taboo,控制, 抑制Control, wield, hold, steer, helm, maneuver, manipulate, dominate, regulate, rein in, direct, rule, govern, reign, regimentCurb, bridle, yoke, restrain inhibit smolder, suffocate， refrain from阻碍455Hinder, hamper, check, stunt, impede, block, obstruct, retard, interrupt, hold back, prevent from, forestall, keep from, deter from, discountenance, lumber, thwart, stem, stymie, frustrate, stump, stem,Entangle, enmesh, ensnare, entrap,Barrier, obstacle, obstruction, impediment, setback, hindrance, hurdle, blockade, blockage,morass, predicament, plight, straits, quandary,strait,预防Forestall, proselytize, preclude, prevent,干预432Interfere, intervene, intercede, meddle, annoy, vex, nettle, perturb, disturb, discomfit, molest, pester, bother, annoy, harass, intrude,Mediate,Inroad, raid, assail, assault, attack, trespass, infringe, attack, foray, intrude, encroach,Turbulence, disturbance得到，付出付出给Give, offer, endow, endue, present, bestow, provide, supply, furnish Impart, instruct, apprise, teach, instill, inculcate,Proffer, confer, donate, contribute, subscribe, bequeath,Issue, flow out, release,支出Cost, spend, pay, pay out, expend, disburse,Prodigal, profligate, splurge, spendthrift, dissipatefrugal, scrimp, skimp, abstemious,Expenditure, subvention,归还,偿439Return, hand out, restore, reciprocate, remunerate, revert,Compensate, reimburse, indemnify, expiate, atonement,Salary, remuneration, Emolument, honorarium,分配Distribute, allocate, issue, hand out, apportion, allot, dispense, ration, allot,assign, designate;Distribution, dispensation ration, allotment施加impose, entail, exert, inflict, suppress, subjugate, compress ,repress, coerce，使满Suffice, satiate, satisfy, cater, sate, meet requirement, gratifySuffuse, implant, instill, infuse, fill, impregnate,放弃Relinquish, give up, disclaim, abdicate, abjure, waive, renounce, recant, wean, forsake, abdicate, desert, forswear, renounce, repudiate, forgo, disown, disavow, abandonRenunciation,获得得到Get, receive, Accept, attain, acquire, obtain, gain, repossess, retrieve, procure, catch,Earn, profit, embezzle, peculate, defalcate, graft, appropriate, Obtainable, accessible, receptive,Receiver, recipient, procurement夺Deprive, take away, exact, extort, dispossess, bereave, divest, strip,Loot, ravage, ransack, sack, despoil, plunder, rapine, snatch, ,exploit, distill,Confiscate, impound, sequestrate, forfeit, expropriateExaction, depredation, spoliation,吸引Attract, appeal, fascinate, draw, charm, intrigue, enchant, tempt, allure, enchant, enthrall, rivet, fix, spellbind, intoxicate, engross, occupy, captivate, enamor,Attractive, appealing, charming, pleasing, attractiveness, fascination, charisma, personal, magnetism, attraction, fascination,包含510Contain, consist of, comprise, cover, encompass, span, contain, encompass, subsume, consist of, include, involve, embroil, implicate, ;Configuration component，需要,Require, call for, need, demand, necessitate,Necessary, required, requisite, essential,Requisite, prerequisite, requirement, precondition,使使Cause to be, make, lead to, render, turn into, trigger, activate, cause,要求，请求，Request, ask, entreat, demand, petition, appeal toSolicit, invoke, plead, implore, beseech, adjure,Dictate, command, mandate, order, instruct, charge,Imperative, essential, compulsory, mandatory, urgent, obligatory, Request, requisition, petition, invocation;促使，劝说，Advise, urge, argue, advocate, persuade, sway, influence,Convince, expostulate, exhort, hortative刺激，激发，鼓励Stimulate, activate, spur, incite, agitate, inspire, arouse, excite, provoke, actuate, incite, foment, stir up, trigger, Kindle, enkindle, ignite encourage, motivate, invigorate, prompt, instigate,Impetuous, impulsive;Drive, motivation, incentive, inducement, impetus推动，驱动，迫使Push, drive, propel, force, oblige, propel, compel goad威逼利诱欺骗，伪装Deceive, dupe, cheat, swindle, hoodwink,Disguise,Duplicity, artifice, chicanery, deception, scheme, subterfuge, duplicity.引诱Beguile, lure, tempt, allure, entice, tantalize, coax, delude, cozen, beguile,, Guile, deceit, cunning, wile, trickeryWily威吓Threaten, menace, intimidate ,hector, frighten, bully,Threatening, menacing,Threat, menace允许,承认Allow, let, permit, licenseAllowance, license, permission, consent, sanction, authorization心理想要期望Expect, look forward to, wait for, look ahead to, suppose, anticipate, await欲望，欲求Wish, want, desire, long, yearn, aspire, crave, hanker, covet:Desirous, eager, avid, greedy, acquisitive, much desired, coveted, ambitious, enterprising;Longing, aspiration, yearning, ambition, avarice, desire for, appetite, desire 意图Intend, tend to, mean, plan, be inclined to, predispose, resolve, prone to, apt to, disposed to, attempt to, aim to, be set to, have in mind, slant Intentionally, purposely, deliberately, consciously,Intention, motive, tendency, trend, proclivity, inclination, acclivity declivity, Liable, inclined to, willingly, likely不愿意Waver, hesitate, oscillate, vacillate, boggle, pause, falter,reluctant, unwilling，irresolute, indecisive, undetermined, uncertain, undecided, unsure,Reluctantly, unwillinglyReluctance, unwillingness认知感觉，察觉Sense, feel, savor, be conscious of, be aware of, regain consciousness, perceive, Cognize, regard,Detect, identify, notice, recognize, observe,Heed, pay/give heed to, take heed/notice of, notice, pay/give attention to Conscious, aware capable of feeling, sentient, percipient, cognizant, Consciousness, awareness, feeling, sense, sensation,Attention, heed, notice思考Think, consider, ponder, speculate, contemplate, reflect, muse, ponder,contemplate, muse, meditate, ruminate, chew, deliberate, take into account, take into consideration, cross one's mind, flash across one's mind, pass through one's mind, occur to sbthoughtful, meditative, pensivethought,consideration,reflection,contemplation理解know, understand, realize, appreciate, grasp, apprehend, figure out, be informed about, read, make out, go one’s idea across, decipher, decode, recognize, comprehend, be acquainted with, be familiar with,忽视，忘记, 没感觉Forget, not remember, neglect, ignore, overlook, disregard, pay no attention to, take no notice ofCondone, excuse, and forgive, pardon, absolve, exonerate, extenuate, Oblivious, remiss, delinquent, negligent,Neglectful, forgetfulOblivion, remission, omission.Amnesia, amnesty, inattention, oversightIgnorant, unknown,unconscious, unaware, insensitive, unresponsive清楚clarify, elucidate, shed light on, illuminate, make clearexplicit, overt, precise, unambiguous, plain, clear, unequivocal,clarity, clearness, lucidity, transparency, simplicity, precision.迷惑Confuse, puzzle, muddle, bewilder, perplex, baffle, nonplus, flummox, disconcert, confound, mix up, fluster, obscure, obfuscate, perplex Quandary, dilemma, plight, predicament,态度正面赞成,同意Approve, endorse, grant, confirm, ratify, agree with, consent, endorse, approbate, assent, approve, accord, agree, accede, resonate,Unanimous, in full accord,Approval, agreement, concurrence, unanimity, approbation. Uniformity, consistency, endorsement, confirmation, ratification, sanction,allow, permit, let, consent to肯定，相信Certain, sure, ascertain,positive, confident, convinced, assured,Inevitable, certainly, surely, positively, definitely, confidently, assuredly, inevitably, undoubtedly, unquestionably, unequivocallyBelieve, trust, entrust, have faith in,fidelity, loyalty, faith, affidavit, conviction,喜欢，赞美Love, be fond of, like, favor,worship, adore,Laud, praise, commend, extol, exalt, exult, eulogize, honor, pay tribute to, hymn, paean, carol, psalm, encomium,不喜欢，Loath, hate, dislike, abhor, repulse, repel, abominate, detest,Heinous, odious, hateful, repellent, repulsive, repugnant obnoxious, Aversion, odium, aversion, revulsion, abhorrence,不同意，反对Disagree, dissent, reject, and disallow discord,Contradict, gainsay, say the opposite to, oppose, counter, be in opposition to, go up against, defy, controvert, impugn,Inconsistent, contradictory, in disagreement, at oddsDisharmony, dissonanceOpposing, dissenting, opposite, contradictory, override contrariwise, oppositely;Dispute, argue,反驳Refute, rebut, retort, deny, confute, contest, disprove羞辱，贬义Embarrass, humiliate, disgrace, dishonor, mortify, demean, discomfit,degrade, undermineEmbarrassed, ashamed, unembarrassed, unabashedHumiliation, chagrin忧虑Worry about, fret over, feel anxious, uneasy about, be concerned about, fret, agony,Anxious, uneasy;Anxiety, concern, uneasiness, disquietedness, nervousness疑问,不相信Doubt, query, question, inquiry,Discredit, distrust, disbelieve, mistrust, suspect, be suspicious of, have doubts aboutDoubtful, misgiving, skeptical, dubious, incredulous,;Doubt, incertitude, questioning, skepticism, implausibility, incredibility批评，谴责Criticize, censure, condemn, denounce, attack, rail, rebuke, blame, reprove, reprimand,reproach; diatribe, reproof, reprimand分久必合，合久必分合，和同,等, 似Accord, match, equal, like, resemble, approximate,Same, unified, matching, much the same, be similar to, akin to, the same as, equivalent, identical parallelEquivalent, congruity, concord, parallel, similarity, parallelism, tantamount, tally,Resemble, bear a resemblance to, be like, look like, simulate, take after, imitate, mimic, copy, emulate,比较Compare, contrast, weigh against, judge against, balance, parallel Comparatively, relatively适合Suitable, fit, suited, proper, right, appropriate, apposite, apropos, opportune, fitting, apt,suitably, properly, rightly, appropriately, fittingly, aptly,相容Compatible, well-matched, well-suited, attuned, companionable, congenial, affable, amicable,Accommodate, Harbor, lodge,陪伴Accompany with, go along with, go together with, go with, come with, keep sb. Company, join, escort, convoy, cling to合作,合并Work together, cooperate, come together, and collaborate, join forces, team up,Merge, unite, connect, bond, bring together, combine, associate, amalgamate, swallow up, become one, come together, Affiliate, annex, coalesce, incorporate, integrate, put together, join together.Involve, embroil, include,Weld, join, solder,Merger, combination, solidarity, coalition, cohesion, conglomeration, agglomeration, confluence, Rapport, rapprochement, inseparable,聚集Gather, accumulate, amass, collect, pile up, heap up, compile, assemble, garner, convene, summon, organize, call together,swarm, throng, teem, crowdRally, confer, muster, congregate, aggregate, put together, amass, convoke, convene, collect a supply of;Collection, group, multitude, flock, herd, array, accumulation, accretion, backlog.Gregarious,联系，依靠Link, relate, connect, associate, correlate, attach, fasten, clinch, cling to, tie, adhere, affiliate, pertain, trace;Relevant, pertinent, germane,Link, bond, nexus, linkage, relationship, attachment,Rely on, trust, depend on, count on;Reliable, foolproof, dependable, independent, sovereign;trust, reliance, dependence,整体,全部，广义Complete, total, entire, full, whole, thorough, comprehensive, all-round, versatile, plenaryGenerally, entirely, fully, wholly, thoroughly, exhaustively, usually, largely, mainly, mostly, for the most part, on the whole, in generalAll over, throughout;交易，遇见，互相Trade, exchange, deal, do business, transact, interact, intertwine, swap, switch,Trade, commerce, interplay, commodity, goods, merchandise, transaction, interactionMeet, encounter, run into, run across, come across, happen to see, discover; Mutual, reciprocal, vice versa,遵守，认同Obey, comply with, act upon, follow, meet the terms, act in accordance, submit, observe, conform,Accordance, tractable, obedient, ductile, compliant, docile, manageable, tame,分分开，部分Divide, break up, separate, undo, seclude, sever, diversify, bifurcate, ramify,disconnect, cede, sunder, asunder, part, partition, isolate, part, detach, Exclude, occluded, preclude, segregate, secludeDisband, dismiss, scatter, estrange, segment, cleave, rift, disintegrate, split up, fall apart, collapse,Fission, crevice, partition, detachment, secession,Section, aspect, feature, facet, respect, side, sector, division, part, segment, fragment, piece, portion背离Digress, deviate, diverge, astray, depart, swerve, deflect, defection, apostate, betray, divagate, secede egress,Perfidious, infidelity, disloyal, unfaithfulness, disaffected,不同Different, dissimilar, unlike, incongruous, discordant, disparate, Multifarious, motley, various varied, diversified,Diversity, shade, nuance, disparity, discrepancy, difference, variance, multiplicity,不相容，不适合Incompatible, mismatched, unsuited, discordant, inharmonious, unsuitable, improper, wrong, inappropriate, inopportune, unfitunsuitably, inappropriately,违背，对立Contravene, defend, break, breach, disobey, counter, resist, violate, defy,flout, infringe,infraction,对立争，斗，努力Compete, via, contend, struggle, wrestle, tussle, challenge, fight against, emulate, rival, conflict, contest, strife, confront, face up to,Strive, make an effort, endeavor to, try to do, attempt to do, struggle; Effort, attemptantagonistic, hostile, friction躲避Avoid, escape, keep away from, stay away from, shun, wince, flee, run away, flight, parry, evade, dodge, sidestep, elude, shirk,成Win, succeed, triumph, prevail, outstrip, outwit, transcend, exceed, surmount, overcome surpass,Fulfill, complete, accomplish, finish, achieve, reach, approach, realize, soar, Subdue, suppress, override, overrule, subvert, topple,Consummation, achievement, feat, attainment, accomplishment. Accessible, reachable, attainable, obtainable, approachable,败Fail, be unsuccessful, be abortive, flunk, founder, bungle, sink, be fruitless, bungle, blunder, bumble, muffFailure, abortion, crashstranded,处理对付,处置Deal with, cope with, and dispose, handle, manage, process,Disposition选择Choose, select, favor, prefer, pick,传递Transmit, pass, hand on, transcribe, transfer, move, convert, convey, send, ferry, transport,Impart, inculcate, instruct, teach, inform, apprise, pass ontransfusion,采用，利用Make use of, use, employ, utilize, exploit, consume, harness, assume, take on 手段，工具By means of, by way of, by virtue of , method, manner, means, device, instrument, facility, implement, apparatus, appliance, mechanism, gadget, utensil, tools,contrivance, maneuver, tactic, mean, expedient, stratagem, tact, ploy, artifice, chicanery, scheme, plan, project, program行为，Act, perform, behave, work, serve as, operate, run, function to, conduct;Be engaged in, carry on, indulge in, participate, endeavor to, take part in, devote to, dedicate to,Behavior, demeanor, conduct, action, performance,信息处理表达说,表达say, tell, talk, speak, utter, express, voice, state, articulate, pronounce, emote, Declare, pronounce, claim, announce, address, intimateEquivocate, prevaricate, prattle, stammer,chat, discuss, converse, bargain, negotiate,talk, chat, discussion, debate, conversation, colloquy提出Suggest, propose, present, put forward, recommend, advocate, advise, posit, aver, allege, postulate, propound, tender,Hint, imply, insinuate, allude,描述Describe, depict, illustrate, limn, recount, portray, represent, define, characterize, delineate, sketch out,;description, version解释,说明Explain, interpret, explicate, detail, clarify, make clear, construe, misconstrue, elucidate, shed light on, decipher,, expound, disabuse, explain indetail, account for;Exposition, exhibition, connotation, exegesis, gloss annotate,表明Show, demonstrate, evince, indicate, display, exhibit,获取信息观察,探求observe, view, see, spot, watch, notice, make out, perceive, bring attention to, be aware of,distinguish, discern, detect, scrutinize, monitor, study, sight, inquire, probe, search, explore,Search, grope, probe, plumb, fathom, research,quest;调查，检查Inspect, examine, scan, study, check, investigate, censor, peruse, look into, look over, scrutinize, survey,Inspection, examination, census, censor, investigation, scrutiny, survey, inquiry, census, poll纪录，记载Record, register, document ,write down, take down, put down, note down, detail, keep details,逻辑分析证明Analyze, consider, infer, extrapolate, prove, justify, confirm, verify, validate, testify, attest, authenticate, substantiate, give evidence, corroborate假设Presume, assume, suppose, imagine, premise, surmise,推断Induce, infer, deduce, reason, derive from, ratiocinate, conclude,因果result from, result in, according to, attribute to, ascribe to, credit to, account for, derive from, arise from,proof, evidence, inference, conclusion,convince,cogent, sound, logical, rational,真，正确True, right, correct, proper, real, actual, genuine, veritable, veracious, authentictruly, really, actually, in fact, authentically, realistically, pragmatically; genuinely veraciously，faultless, impeccable, in the right wayTruth, canon, criterion, norm, axiom, veracity. Rationale, truism, maxim, correct, revise, rectify假,错False, wrong, incorrect, fallacious mistaken, erroneous, unreal, errant, faulty Fake, sham, phony, pretended, simulated, pseudoMistakenly, erroneously;Mistake, error, fault, fallacy, misconception, illusion;take A as B, confuse A with B, mistake A for B, erroneously identify A as B, falsify,发现, 揭示Discover, find out, learn, reveal, disclose, unveil, expose, divulge, make known, debunk, declassify, decode, decipher, translate, make out, revelation,其它强调的，Absolutely, incontrovertible, indispensable，indisputable, inalienable, indubitable, incontestable, irrefutable, incontrovertible;重要的Consequential, imponderable, paramount, substantial, major, significant, important, leading, major, dominant, predominant, prevailing, key, pivotal, decisive, critical, crucial, basic, fundamental, radical, essential, primary, integral, inherent, indispensable, necessary优缺点Advantage, benefit, advantageous, valuable, precious, positive, positive aspect, helpful, asset, valuable quality.Disadvantage, drawback, weakness, shortcoming, downside, negative aspect, unfavorable feature.明显的，突出的，优秀的，杰出的Obvious, apparent, evident, conspicuous visible, noteworthy, noticeable, notable, manifest, outstanding, remarkable, salient, prominent, eminent, distinguished, striking, extraordinary, excellent, monumental, phenomenal,主要mainly, chiefly, principally, predominatly, basically, fundamentally, primarily, inherently,。

打印版：四级翻译里的高频词汇和结构I名词形容词——千淘万漉虽辛苦，吹尽狂沙始到金。

《中华圣贤经》，山湖纪人，海天出版社，2006，P6四级翻译里的高频词汇和结构I:名词形容词【说明】【王长喜2014年秋季】，选自王长喜四六级考试培训学校《2014阅读与翻译讲义》，预测翻译20篇；【星火2015年春季】，选自《星火版大学英语四级点评历年真题》（备战2015年6月），预测翻译50篇，陈幼平主编2014年6月三套题及参考译文选自王长喜四六级考试培训学校《2014阅读与翻译讲义》，其它选自《星火英语历年四级真题解析》【索引】四级翻译里的高频词：history四级翻译里的高频结构：one of + 最高级+ n.pl.四级翻译里的高频结构：最高级四级翻译里的高频词：著名的，有名的四级翻译里的高频词unique/ distinct/ exclusive四级翻译里的高频词汇：origin, originally, originated from四级翻译里的高频词汇: such… as…; such四级翻译里的高频词：history1. 中国是一个历史悠久、文化灿烂的多民族( multiethnic)国家。

【王长喜2014年秋季翻译4】China is a multiethnic country with a long history and a splendid culture.2. 中国，京剧是最具影响力和代表性的戏曲，它有着200多年的历史。

【王长喜2014年秋季翻译9】Peking Opera, which is a national treasure with a history of over 200 years, is the most influential and representative of all operas in China.3. 文天祥是中国历史上的名臣，江西人。

【王长喜2014年秋季翻译18】Wen Tianxiang, who was born in Jiangxi Province, was a renowned minister in history.4. ……也由于几百年落后的封建农奴制社会形成的各种社会历史条件的限制，西藏在全国还属于欠发达地区。

中国人应该知道的英语词汇中国小吃Stinky tofu 臭豆腐Mapo tofu salted Sichuan style 麻婆豆腐Chinese style baked roll 烧饼Fried bread stick /twisted cruller 油条Soybean porridge 豆浆Boiled dumpling 水饺Small steamed bun 小笼包Plain wheat roll /steamed bun 馒头Spicy hot pot /Sichuan hot pot 麻辣火锅Rice 饭团Scallion cake 葱油饼Sliced noodles 刀削面Cold noodles 两面Fried rice noodles 炒米粉Dried tofu 豆腐干Hard boiled egg 卤蛋100-year egg 皮蛋Salted duck egg 咸鸭蛋Tea egg 茶蛋Sesame paste 芝麻糊Bean paste cake 绿豆糕Fried dough twist /heam flower 麻花Chestnut roasted with sugar 糖炒栗子Plum juice 酸梅汤Milk tea 奶茶Black tea 红茶Almond junket 杏仁豆腐中国节日及传统Lunar calendar 农历New year’s day 元旦Lunar new year /Chinese new year 农历新年Spring festival 春节Lunar new year’s even reunion 年夜饭Chinese new year cake 年糕Red envelope /a cash gift 红包Latern festival 元宵节Rice dumpling 汤圆Tomb sweeping day 清明节Dragon boat festival 端午节Tsung-tse 粽子Mid-autumn festival /moon-festival 中秋节Sachet 香包Moon cake 月饼Teachers’ day 教师节Winter solstice 冬至Vernal equinox 春分Summer begins 立夏Autumn begins 立秋Leap year 闰年中国古典文学The analects of confucious 论语The book of Odes/the book of poetry 诗经Shi shuo hsin Yu 世说新语The legend of defication 封神榜The Romance of the three kingdoms 三国演义Pilgrimage to the west 西游记The dream of the red chamber 红楼梦The Golden lotus 金瓶梅All men are brothers 水浒传The west chamber 西厢记The four collections of books 四库全书只可意会不可言传Blasted 该死的真他妈的Bleeding 烦人的令人讨厌的Blooming 可恶的太他妈的Dammed 该死的烦人的Flaming 该死的非常的Bastard 杂种狗东西Buggar 畜生兔崽子Bitch 贱货骚货Son of a bitch 小人可恶的家伙Turd 令人讨厌的家伙臭大粪Arse 令人讨厌的家伙Arsehole 愚蠢蠢货Balls /crap /bullshit /fart 屁话放屁Cock /prick /tool /cunt 胡说Shit 讨厌烦人操1Bugger /sod 王八羔子兔崽子俗语谚语A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush双鸟在林，不如一鸟在手Absence of mind心不在焉Actions speak louder than words事实胜于雄辩Add oil to the flames火上浇油Add insult to injury雪上加霜All at sea不知所措All ears洗耳恭听All Greek to me一窍不通All is not gold that glitters发光的不一定都是金子All is fish that comes to his net捡到篮里的都是菜（意为来者不拒）An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth以眼还眼，牙还牙A leopard can not change his sports江山易改，本性难移An hour in the morning is worth two hours in the evening一日之计在于晨(as )broad as it is long半斤八两As close as a clam一毛不拔，守口如瓶As you brew ,so shall you drink自作自受At a respectful distance敬而远之At the sign of the horn戴绿帽子At the world’s end天涯海角Attack is the best form of defence进攻是最好的防守Better a glorious death than a shameful life宁为玉碎，为瓦全Badger game美人计Bay the moon异想天开Be all mouths and trousers光打雷不下雨Birds of a feather flock together物以类聚，人以群分A bow bent too much will break欲速则不达Business is business公事公办Can not sea Beyond the length of his nose 鼠目寸光Cast pearls before swine对牛弹琴A cat on hot bricks热锅上的蚂蚁Chop and change朝三暮四Circumstances alter cases此一时，一时Clean hand wants no washing清者自清Cock is bold in his own dunghill窝里横Cogito ergo sum我思故我在Come –day-go-day当一天和尚撞一天钟Comparisons are odious/odorous人比人，气死人Constant dropping will wear a stone水滴石穿Don’t judge a book by its cover不要以貌取人Cry wolf狼来了Custom is second nature习惯成自然Die is cast /thrown木已成舟Dig a well at a river画蛇添足Do as you would be done by2Dog that fetches will carry来说是非者，便是是非人Don’t wake a sleep dog不要惹是生非Don’t put off still tomorrow what should be done today今日事，今日毕Donkey’s years猴年马月East or west ,home is best金家银家不如自己的破家Empty hand is no lure fools a hawk舍不得孩子套不住狼Enough is as good as feast知足者常乐Everything can find its way船到桥头自然直Fair without but foal/false within金玉其外，絮其中He laughs best who later last最后的胜利才是真正的胜利He that lives with cripples learns to limp近朱者赤，墨者黑His bark is worse than his bite刀子嘴豆付心It is a foolish sheep that make the Wolf his confessor兔子不吃窝边草It is easy to be wise after the event时候诸葛人人会It is the first step that costs万事开头难It is the thought that counts礼轻人意重Joys shared with others are enjoyed独乐乐不如众乐乐Kick down the ladder过河拆桥Kiss the child for the nurse’s sake醉翁之意不在酒Kill to birds with one stone一箭双雕Laughter is the best medicine笑一笑，十年少Let beggars match with beggars龙配龙，凤配凤Like begets like龙生龙，凤生凤，老鼠生来会打洞Like cures like以毒攻毒Like father, like son有其父必有其子Live and learn活到老，学到老Love is blind情人眼里出西施Love me ; love my dog爱屋及乌Love will find a way精诚所至，石为开Man purpose, god disposes谋事在人，事在天Man’s extremity is god’s opportunity车到山前必有路Many hands make light work人多力量大Misery loves company同病相怜No pains ,no gains不劳则无获Nothing is impossible to a willing heart/mind 有志者事竟成One bitten, twice shy一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳Out of sight ,out of mind眼不见，心不烦Play both ends against the Middle河蚌相争，渔翁得利Practice makes perfect熟能生巧Seeing is believing百闻不如一见Speak of the devil and he appears说曹操曹操到Time flies时光飞逝Tomorrow is another day明天还有希望Turn somebody’s battery against himself以其人之矛攻其盾What can you expect from a got but a grount 狗嘴里吐不出象牙3When the cat’s away ,the mice will play山中无老虎，猴子称霸王What’s done by night appears by day要想人不知，除非己莫为Word is spoken is past recalling一言既出，马难追We only live once人生在世须尽欢You scratch my back , I’ll scratch yours你敬我一尺，我敬你一丈4。

分类词汇:homogeneous同质的反义词：heterogeneousdialect方言 (v.s. accent)discrepancy差异misconception误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding barrier障碍(物) bar, = barricadediscrimination区别、歧视 racial ~， discriminate (+against) hierarchy等级制度 heir(继承人) + arch(govern) + yinsularity岛国性质 (insular, island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.microcosm小天地 micro + cosm(os)nostalgia=homesickness, patriot爱国者 patriotic, patriotism notoriety恶名 (notorious)counterpart 对应人，对等物 counterculture, counterbalance peer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)subordinate下级下级的 superiortactics战术，技巧 v.s. strategy(战略，策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics nuance ﹦ a subtle difference in meaning compatriot同胞 , 同胞的 com + patriotvernacular本地的，本国,本地话，本国话 the vernacular languages of India . Hispanic whose first language was Spanish immigration移入 immigrant, immigrate；emigration迁出 (emigrant, emigrate)antipodes： opposite sidespermeate渗透，弥漫 Smoke permeated the house. entrepreneur企业家 enterprise entrepreneurship practitioner开业者，从业者 praction (practice) + er celebrity： a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy代理人anecdote轶事 (anecdotal)benchmarking类比分析punctual准时的，守时的 ( punctuality) absenteeism 旷工 absent absentee 缺席者flextime 弹性工作时间 flex(flexible) + time harass 骚扰 (harassment)redundancy 冗余，冗员 network redundancy downsize 裁员 ( lay off)ballot 投票 (= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的 (partial)lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚bizarre 奇异的 weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家 (diet)connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的contingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致 debts/hatred/danger occur 发生, concur 同意一致, recur 复发ethical 伦理的，符合伦理的 ethics, unethicaldubious 疑惑的，可疑的 (doubt) be dubious about manifestation 显示，证明 ( manifest)subtitle 字幕，副标题 subsidiary 辅助的, submarine 潜水, subway 地铁, suburb 乡镇考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇总裁助理： assistant president综合治理： comprehensive treatment安居工程： housing project for low-income urban residents信息化： information-based; informationization智力密集型： concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive外资企业： overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工： laid-off workers分流： reposition of redundant personnel 过剩人员的重新定位三角债： chain debts素质教育： education for all-round development豆腐渣工程： jerry-built projects 草率的社会治安情况： law-and-order situation民族国家： nation state台独： independence of Taiwan台湾当局： Taiwan authorities台湾同胞： Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分： Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.西部大开发： Development of the West Regions可持续性发展： sustainable development风险投资： risk investment通货紧缩： deflation扩大内需： to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学： computer-assisted instruction (CAI)网络空间： cyberspace虚拟现实： virtual reality网民： netizen (net citizen)电脑犯罪： computer crime电子商务： the e-business网上购物： shopping online应试教育： exam-oriented education学生减负： to reduce study load下岗： laid-off workers下海： plunge into the commercial sea下网： off line小康之家： well-off family; comfortably-off family新秀： up-and-coming star, rising star新新人类： New Human Being； X Generation信息港： info port形象小姐/先生： image representative of a product or a brand虚拟网： virtual net学生处： students' affairs division (分配、分派)研究生毕业证/学位证： graduate diploma/ graduate degree's diploma 摇钱树： cash cow以人为本： people oriented; people foremost义务教育： compulsory education易拉罐： pop can应试教育： examination-oriented education system舆论导向： direction of public opinion运球： dribble在职博士生： on-job doctorate早恋： puppy love招生就业指导办公室： enrolment and vocation guidance office (职业)证券营业部： stock exchange; security exchange知识产权： intellectual property rights中专生： secondary specialized or technical school student中流砥柱： mainstay, chief corner stone专卖店： exclusive agency; franchised store (营业权)自我保护意识： self-protection awareness综合国力： comprehensive national strength综合业务数字网： integrated service digital network (ISDN)公正、公平、公开： just, fair and open好莱坞大片： Hollywood blockbuster (大轰动)黄金时段： prime time假唱： lip-synch(同步)劲射： power shot拉拉队： cheering squad(小组、班级)来电显示电话机： caller ID telephone论文答辩： (thesis) oral defense泡沫经济： bubble economy票贩子： scalper, ticket tout (兜售)拳头产品： competitive products; knock-out products; blockbuster三角恋爱： love triangle三维动画片： three-dimensional animation"扫黄"、"打非"： eliminate pornography and illegal publications (色情)申办奥运会： bid for the Olympic Games实现中华民伟大复兴： bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation (复兴，中华民族)市场疲软： sluggish market (停滞的，萧条的)素质教育： education for all-around development筒子楼： tube-shaped apartment脱贫致富： cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity (繁荣、昌盛)网吧： Internet bar网恋： online love affair网上冲浪： surf the Internet网上交易平台： online trading platform网友： net friend无人售票： self-service ticketing无绳来电显示电话： cordless telephone with caller ID无线应用协议： WAP (wireless application protocol )附录:英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组一、政治类：把…捐给慈善机构：donate …to charities把…看成社会公敌：look upon … as a threat to society把…列为基本国策：list… ..as fundamental national policies把…作为指导：take… as the guide把理论和实际结合起来：integrate theory with practice …把握大局： grasp the overall situation摆脱贫穷落后： get rid of poverty and backwardness保护妇女权利不受侵犯：guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement采取各种措施： adopt various measures参政、议政： participate in the management of State affairs充满信心和力量： be filled with confidence and strength打破僵局： break the deadlock打破禁区： break off a forbidden zone得出结论： draw ( arrive at， come to reach ) a conclusion锻造一支人民军队：forge a people’s army对…具有深远的影响： have a far-reaching impact on对…做出重要(巨大)贡献： make important (great, major )contributions to反对各种形式的恐怖主义： be opposed to all forms of terrorism反腐倡廉： combat corruption and build a clean government高举伟大旗帜： hold high the great banner (旗帜)给…带来机遇和挑战： present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to根除 (防止，消除)腐败： root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption观察当今世界： observe the present-day world缓和紧张状况： ease the tension回顾奋斗历程： review the course of struggle加快改革步伐： accelerate the speed of reform加强舆论监督： ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion坚持改革开放政策： adhere to the reform and open policy坚持统一，反对分裂，增加：persist in reunification,，oppose separation, increase了解，化解歧见： understanding and iron out differences减轻农民负担：alleviate farmer’s burden解放思想： emancipate our minds (解放)解决温饱问题： solve the problem of food and clothing解决新问题： resolve new problems进入世界先进行列： edge into the advanced ranks in the world进入新时期： enter a new period进行和谈： hold peace talks进行战略性调整： make strategic readjustment就…接受妥协： accept a compromise on开发西部： remake the west (再制，改造)开始生效： go into effect (enter into force)开拓前进： open up new ways forward科教兴国：rejuvenate our country through science and education (恢复) 理顺关系：rationalize the relationship (使合理化)履行权利和义务：perform the responsibilities and obligations迈出重要的一步：make an important step热爱和平：love peace深化改革：deepen the reform审时度势：size up the situation (打量，估计)实现发展繁荣：bring about development and prosperity实现民族独立：realize national independence实现夙愿：fulfill the long-cherished wishes实现小康目标：achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life (确保)实现中华民族伟大复兴：bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation实行新政策：practice new policies受到全世界广泛关注：attract extensive attention worldwide缩小差别：bridge (narrow) the gap完成中华民族的振兴大业：implement the revitalization of our nation 维护世界和平：maintain world peace吸收各国文明的先进成：absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 下放权力给：delegate the management of ... (to ...) (委托，代表，授权；管理)退还大量钱款：give back an amount of money脱贫致富：cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity完善服务：perfect services为… 带来多种经济和社会效益：bring multiple economic and social benefits to…为…提供巨大商机：present huge business opportunities吸收游资：absorb idle fund吸引外商投资：attract foreign investment下海：plunge into the commercial sea陷入困境：land oneself in deep trouble向…投资巨额资金：invest huge amounts of money into消灭假冒伪劣产品：wipe out fake products以经济建设为中心：focus on the central task of economic construction 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益：strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality (努力，反抗)优胜劣汰：select the superior and eliminate the inferior优先发展公共运输：give priority to the development of public transportation有巨大潜力：have huge potential for与国际市场接轨：integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market在… 建立分公司：set up branches in造成很大压力：pose a big pressure on造成损失：cause a loss to增加农业投入：invest more in agriculture占领市场10%：occupy (take，account for ) 10 percent of the market (占；考虑)招商引资：attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas)制订… 法律：make a law of制定优惠政策：work out favorable policy制造假象：create smoke screens to do阻碍… 的经济发展：handicap(hamper) the economic development 阻止人才流失：stop the talent flight (brain drain)遵循市场经济的规律：follow the law of market economy三、文化生活类不注重历史：neglect history把… 列为世界自然文化遗产：list …as a world natural heritage site摆架子(摆谱儿)：put on airs (show off，keep up appearances)(外表) 保护文化遗产：protect cultural heritage (relics)(遗物，文物)博采各国文化之长：draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries (优点)采取保护态度：take protective attitude承担应有的义务：undertake the due obligations承前启后，继往开来：build on the past and prepare for the future，inherit the past and usher in the future(引导，引入)充分发挥知识分子的积极性和创造性：give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals触击现行法律的盲区：touch a blank area of the existing law (现存的) 创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city辞旧迎新：bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old year and ring in the new) (命令，吩咐；宣布离去，包围)从事电子商务工作：conduct e-commerce (引导，实施)促进儿童身心健康发展：promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally(身心)促进交流：promote the communication促进文化市场健康发展：facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products( 推进，促进)促进相互了解：enhance (further) mutual understanding得到群众的广泛支持：enjoy grass-root support抵住… 的诱惑：resist the temptation of对…持欢迎态度：take a welcoming attitude to对…情有独钟：show special preference (favor) to发挥…的聪明才智：develop one’s own talents and wisdom发挥潜力：tap one’s potential繁荣文学艺术：enable literature and art to flourish；promote flourishingliterature and art反映中国的灿烂文化：reflect the rich culture of China放下架子：relinquish haughty airs (get off one’s high horse；throw off one’s airs) (松开，放开；傲慢的，自大的)腐蚀人的灵魂：poison one’s mind (毒物，有害之物)改进教学：improve teaching and learning给学生减负：alleviate the burden on students和… 持相同观点：share views similar to互派访问学者：exchange visiting scholars激发旅游热情：stimulate enthusiasm for traveling继承历史文化优秀传统：carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history；carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions加强文化基础设施建设：build more cultural establishments讲诚信，反欺诈：honor credibility and oppose cheating (可信性) 交换意见：exchange views (ideas, opinions)教书育人：impart knowledge and educate people (传授，告知)经受住暴风雨的考验：weather the storm(处境，境遇)精心编写教材：compile the textbooks with great care净化因特网：purify the Net举办文化节( 展览会)：hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)举行学术会议：hold an academic meeting开创假日经济：initiate Holiday Economy开发潜力：exploit one’s potential开阔视野：widen one’s vision (horizon)开设课程：offer courses开展对外文化交流：conduct cultural exchange with other countries开展群众性文化活动：carry out mass activities on culture攀登事业的高峰：climb one’s career ladder评估学业成绩：evaluate academic scores (achievements)破除迷信：eradicate superstition (根除，消灭；迷信，盲目崇拜) 普及九年制义务教育：make nine-year compulsory education universal 普及科普知识，传播科学思想，倡导科学精神：popularize scientific and technological knowledge，spread scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit启发学生：enlighten the students容纳三千名旅客：accommodate 3000 passengers扫除文盲：eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy上网：get on (have access to , be wired to) Internet实施以德育为核心来挑选选手：carry on the quality education centering on moral education to choose players同教练反应一致：share the same reaction with their coach为奥林匹克运动和世界和平做出贡献：make contribution to the Olympics movement and world peace卫冕世界冠军：regain world champion(收复，恢复；蝉联冠军) 吸引中国大学生优秀选手：attract China’s top university players向世界顶级球队学习：learn from the world’s top teams与对手较量： take on an opponent与强队竞争： compete with strong teams增进友谊： strengthen friendship展示技能：demonstrate their skills展示中国足球的最新发展：demonstrate(show) the latest development of China’s soccer支持北京申办 2008 年奥运会：support Beijing’s bid for the 2008 Olympic Games主办奥运会：host the Olympic Games主办中国大学生篮球联赛：sponsor the China University Basketball Association league抓住练习和学习的机会：grasp the chance to practise and learn响应号召：respond to the call修改法律：amend the laws宣布… 召开：announce the opening of徇私枉法：bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends依法治国：govern the country according to law引起全国的关注：arouse the concern of the whole nation引起全世界广泛关注： attract extensive attention worldwide赢得一个又一个胜利：win one victory after another在… 中起(至关)重要作用： play a major(crucial, an important ) role in 增强凝聚力：enhance the rally power(重整，集合)增强综合国力和国际竞争： enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and international competitiveness展望伟大征程： look into the great journey展现生机和活力：display one’s vigor and vitality战胜无数的困难： overcome numerous difficulties振兴西部：revive the west振兴中华民族：rejuvenate(revitalize) our nation政企不分： mix up the functions of the government and enterprises政企分开：separate government functions from enterprise management 政务公开： make government affairs public主张各国政府采取行动：urge governments of all countries to takeaction抓住机遇：seize the opportunity转变政府职能：transform(shift) the government functions追求进步：pursue progress追求真理：seek the truth走进新时代：march(stride) into the new era.遵纪守法、廉洁奉公： observe the relevant code of conduct and the lawand honestly perform one's official duties (规则，惯例；指挥，引导；执行，履行，完成)遵循规则： follow the principles二、经济类爱岗敬业： cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work (全神贯注地，把…奉献给…)保持国民经济发展的良好势头： maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy (动力，势头)保持国有股： keep the State-held shares保证下岗职工的基本生活：guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers被指控接受贿赂： be accused of accepting bribes采取不同的办法：adopt various methods采取反垄断措施： take anti-monopoly measures承担风险：bear(take) risk筹集足够的资金：raise enough funds (capital, proceeds) (收益，收入) 创收外汇：earn foreign exchange (currency) (货币，流通)刺激国内经济需求：spur domestic demand刺激国内需求：stimulate domestic demand从粗放经济转变为集约经济：shift from extensive economy tointensive economy从国外引进先进技术和管理经验：introduce from abroad the advanced technology and management expertise促进地区间的合作：promote regional cooperation促进改革： promote reform促进全球经济一体化：foster integration with the global economy打黑：crack down on speculation and profiteering (制裁；思索，投机；倒卖；投机倒把)打假：take strong measures against fake and shoddy products(crack down on counterfeit goods) (伪劣的，假冒的)打破垄断： break the monopoly对…提出控告(投诉)：lodge complaints against…对…造成(构成)威胁： form (pose) a threat to…夺回失去的市场：take back lost market发挥自身优势：give full play to one’s advantages (小心，谨慎)防范和化解金融风险： take precautions against and reduce financial risks 改善投资环境：improve the environment for investment赶超先进：surpass the advanced给… 带来积极影响： bring a more positive impact on…根据市场作出调整：gear ourselves to the market orientation公证财产：notarize the properties (对…公正)和…达成(签订)协议：reach(sign) an agreement with (签字) 和…进一步合作：further cooperation with和…有合作关系： have cooperative ties with活跃市场：enliven the market集中精力把经济建设搞上去：go all out for economic development (全力以赴)计算出准确的工资水平： figure out an exact salary level加快经济发展和结构调整：speed up economic development and restructuring加快竞争步伐：accelerate the competition加快努力： speed up efforts加强风险防范：prepare oneself against possible risks加强管理：reinforce the management减缓通货紧缩的压力：ease the seriousness of deflation减轻… 的负担： reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)减员增效： downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency(效能，功效；薪金总额)剪彩： cut the ribbon(缎带，丝带)解除劳动关系：sever labor relation(断绝，中断)解放生产力：emancipate the productive forces ( free the productivity) 精简机构：streamline government organs (使简单化)竟争上岗： compete for the post举报非法行为：disclose any illegal activities (揭露，公开)开辟更多渠道： open more channels开发(青睐)中国市场：tap(favor) the Chinese market开拓市场：exploit markets控制通货膨胀： control inflation(keep inflation under control)扩大贫富差距：widen the gap between the rich and the poor扩大消费市场：expand consumption market留职停薪：retain the job but suspend the salary(维持，悬挂，中止) 面对可能的压力和竞争：face possible pressure and competition牟取暴利：seek excessive profits平衡经济(的发展)： balance economy取缔非法收入： ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings)让…处于同一起跑线：put… on the same platform and at the same starting point让位于竞争需要：give way to the need for competition申请专利： apply for a patent实现目标： realize the goal适应… 的发展： adapt oneself to the development of损失惨重： suffer great losses缩小不平衡状态： decrease the imbalance缩小… 间的距离： narrow the gap between提高公务员工资： raise the salaries of civil servants提高管理水平：raise the management level提高居民生活：improve residents’standard of living调整产业结构：adjust the industrial structure推广科研成果精神：turn laboratory achievements into commercial以创新和实践为重点：emphasizing creativity and practice使英语达到更高水平：push one’s English to a higher level受到… 的关注：receive attention from疏导游客：divert tourists疏通关系：lubricate relationships (给…加润滑油)树立企业良好形象：foster a good and healthy company image刷卡, 划卡：punch the card; stamp the card(用力按；邮戳)陶冶情操：cultivate one’s taste(temperament)提倡文明的生活方式：advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)提高公务员的综合素质： improve the overall quality of civil servants 提高全民反毒品的意识： raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs提高知名度：raise one’s prestige提供受教育机会：offer a chance of education通过资格考试：pass qualification examinations透过现象看本质：see through the appearance to perceive the essence 推动人类文明进步：push forward human civilization挖墙脚：undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sb’s feet)物质文明，精神文明一起抓： pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural(ethical) progress相互促进： help each other forward向世界展示中国文化建设的成就：introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to the world向学生传授知识：impart knowledge to students消除误解：clear up misunderstanding消除愚昧：eliminate ignorance形成文明、健康、崇尚科学的社会风尚： form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice以全新的面貌进入新世纪： enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look因材施教： teach students according to their aptitude(倾向，天资) 引起激烈争论：spark a hot debate营造良好的文化环境：create a healthy cultural environment影响身心健康：affect physical and psychological health有力地推动教育的发展：give a big push to the development of education与各国人民交往：communicate with people of all countries增强自我保护意识：strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right 找工作：hunt for a job值得重视(关注)：deserve one’s attention制止盗版软件： control the pirated software重视(优先考虑)教育发展：give priority to the development of education 重视实用性：place stress on practicality尊重知识，尊重人才：respect knowledge and respect competent people 四、科技环保类帮助减缓全球变暖速度： help slow down the pace of global warming 保持生态平衡： keep ecological balance保持水土：preserve soil and water保护和改善生活环境，保护珍稀野生动植物： protect and improve the living environment and the protect rare wild animals and plants保留为自然耕地：reserve as natural farmland采用环保技术：adopt environmental protection technique采用新的开采方法：apply new exploitation methods参加城市重建： participate in the reconstruction of the city参加环保运动：take part in environmental protection activities产生巨大的水文效应： produce great hydrological effects崇尚绿色生活方式：pursue a“green”life创造良好的生态环境：create a pleasant ecological environment促进城市可持续发展：promote the sustainable development of the city 发展太阳能： develop solar energy防治污染：prevent and control pollution非常注重保护森林： pay great attention to the conservation of forest 改善生态环境： improve the eco-environment(ecological environment) 关闭化工厂：close chemical plants加大污染治理力度：strengthen pollution control加强城市绿化： strengthen the greening of the city加强环境保护： strengthen environmental protection加强生态建设： improve the eco-construction加强水土保持： reinforce the conservation of water and soil坚持门前三包制度： adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”减少机动车辆： reduce the number of vehicles减少浪费： reduce waste揭开人类生命的奥秘：decode the secret of human life进一步加快环保规划： further speed up environmental protection plans 禁止露天焚烧：prohibit burning out in the open开展保护野生动物宣传教育：advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals开展绿色活动： advocate green activities扩建管道网络： expand the pipe network普及环保知识：popularize environmental protection knowledge窃取密码：snatch password窃取知识产权：lift intellectual property实行严格的机动车排放标准：implement strict vehicle emission standards使电脑死机： crash computers使用再生纸： use recycle paper探索… 的奥秘：probe the mysteries of淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉：eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers提高环境管理水平：raise the environmental management level提高居民的环保和生态意识：improve residents’ environmental and ecological awareness提高清洁能源的比重：increase the supply of clean energy resources 投放电脑病毒：unleash viruses完善城市基础设施建设：perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 为大量野生动植物提供栖息地：provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants为人类提供水和食物：supply water and food for human beings享受国家一级保护：enjoy first-class protection of the State削减污物排放：decrease the disposal of pollutants抑制传染病的传播：strain the spread of infectious diseases引发一系列的问题：result in a series of problems预防爱滋病蔓延：prevent the widespread of AIDS增强环境意识：enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection战胜非典：defeat SARS治理沙地和水土流失问题：tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion 注重节约资源：attach importance to saving resources五、人口类不服从父母：disobey their parents倡导人力资源管理：advocate the management of human resources调查性和婚姻状况：conduct a survey on sex and marriage对子女寄予厚望：pin great hopes on their children反映人们的私生活：reflect people’s private lives鼓励创建文明家庭：encourage the idea of “Civilized Families”过孤独的生活：lead an isolated life坚持计划生育的基本国策：stick to the basic state policy for family planning进行全国人口普查：carry out national population census禁止他人作克隆人的实验：inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments开辟人类历史新纪元：start a new chapter in the history of human控制人口数量(增长)：control the population size (growth)实现向低出生、低死亡、低：bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction自然增长的现代人口再生产类型的转变：pattern characterized by a low birth rate, low death rate and low natural growth rate损害人类社会的道德观：damage the morality of human society缩小代沟：narrow the gap提倡晚婚晚育：encourage late marriage and late childbirth提出离婚：ask for a divorce提高人口素质：improve the population quality维护和促进人民的生存权和发展权：safeguard and promote the peo ple’s rights to subsistence and development维护人权和不断改善人权状况：safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation享受优越的生活条件：enjoy good living condition显示明显的差异：display a marked difference优化人口结构：optimize the population structure优生优育：bear and rear better children占总人口的10%：account for 10% of the total population造成不同的思想和观念：result in a different ideology and concepts造福人类和科学：benefit mankind and science正确处理经济发展同人口、资源、环境的关系：correctly handlethe relationship of economic development versus (with) population，natural resources and environment征求父母的意见：ask for her parents’ opinion挣零花钱：earn their pocket money重视人口老年化问题：pay attention to the problem of an aging population逐渐削弱长辈的权威：undermine the authority of the older generation 尊重和保障人权：respect and guarantee human rights六、体育类避开与… 比赛：avoid playing against标志一个历史时刻：mark a historic time表现完美：give some very good performance剥夺冠军：strip the gold medal of somebody采取新的计分方法：adopt a new scoring system参加火炬接力：participate in the torch-relay参加热身赛：take part in a key warm-up game参加申办活动：articipate in the bidding campaigns超过世界记录：surpass the world record成为国家的骄傲：ecome the pride of the nation创新世界纪录：set a new world record到国际体育标准：reach the standard for international games打败比利时队：defeat Belgium打破恶性循环：break the wretched cycle打破世界纪录：beat (break, cut) the world record (for …)担任中国国家队主教练：serve as the head coach of the Chinese national team夺冠：take the crown反对使用兴奋剂：oppose the use of performance-enhancing drugs符合举办奥运会的要求：meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games更具进攻性：become more aggressive鼓舞队员的士气：boost the morale of the team members获得认可：gain recognition获得团体冠军：win the team title激发中国青年的雄心壮志：fuel the ambitions of Chinese youths急于获胜：gain an eagerness to win建立职业联赛和俱乐部：set up a professional league and clubs角逐世界杯：compete for the World Cup满意抽签结果：satisfy with the draw面对强手：face strong rivals鸣笛终止比赛：blow a whistle to stop the end of the match配备各种设施：furnish and equip with all facilities取得经验：gain experience取得世界杯决赛资格：qualify for the World Cup finals确保中国进入决赛：ensure China’s appearance in the final申奥：bid (apply) for being the host country of the Olympics失去男子单打冠军：miss out on men’s singles gold实现零的突破：fulfill the zero (gold medal, medal, etc) breakthrough 使其他选手相形见绌：dwarf other athletes使生命焕发活力：wake up one’s life使中国以3 ∶2 取胜：give the Chinese a 3-2 victory提出比赛建议：make comments on the contests提高中国队的水平：raise the level of the Chinese team。

专利翻译中的常用的英语词汇(最新收集)来源：作者：发布时间：2008-10-29 查看本文[繁體版]最近收集了一部分专利翻译中的常用的英语词汇,仅供参考abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼additional features don't work to resolve question 附加的特征也不能解决问题address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author's certificate 发明人证书basic patent 基本专利be paid in advance 预先交Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动case law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 根据…驳回权利要求1claim to a method 方法权利要求claim to a product 产品权利要求claim 权项claim1 was refected as being predictable 可以预料权利要求1可以恢复claimed features 要求保护的特征claimed subject matter 要求保护的主题claims 1and 2 have novelty under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 根据33条第二款权利要classifier 分类员co-applicants 共同申请人co-inventors 共同发明人color coding 色码制commissioner 专利局长common sense, known technical solution 公知，已知的技术方案Community Patent Convention 共同体专利公约complete application 完整的申请案complete description 完整的叙述complete specification 完整的说明书comptroller 专利局长compulsory license 强制许可证conception date 概念日期conception 概念concerned had to be regarded as essential features )confidential application 机密申请confidential information 保密情报conflict award 冲突裁定conflict procedure 冲突程序conflicting applications 冲突申请案content of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容continuation application 继续申请continuation-in-part application 部分继续申请案contractual license 契约性许可证contributory infringement 简介侵犯convention application 公约申请convention country 公约国convention date 公约日期Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization 建立世界知识产权组织公约convention period 公约期限convention priority 公约优先权copyright 版权correction slip 勘误表counter pleadings 反诉状counterclaim 反诉country code 国家代号cross license 交叉许可证data exchange agreement 资料交换协议data of application 申请日期data 资料date of grant 授予日期date of issue 颁发日期date of patent 专利日期date of publication 公布日期dedication to the public 捐献于公众defendant 被告人defenses 辩护defensive publication 防卫性公告deferred examination 延迟审查dependent claim 从属权项dependent patent 从属专利Derwent Publications Ltd. 德温特出版有限公司(来源：专业英语学习网站)design patent 外观设计专利development 发展disclaimer 放弃权项disclosure 公开披露division 分案divisional application 分案申请domination patent 支配专利drawing 附图duration of patent 专利有效期economic patent 经济专利effective filing date 实际申请日期electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移，信用employee’s invention 雇员发明enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化EPO 欧洲专利局ESARIPO 英语非洲工业产权组织essential features (all features which were necessary for solving 必要技术特征（解European Patent Convention 欧洲专利公约European Patent Office 欧洲专利局even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议evidence 证据examination countries 审查制国家examination for novelty 新颖性审查examination 审查examiner 审查员examiner’s report 审查员报告exclusive license 独占性许可证exclusive right 专有权experimental use 实验性使用expired patent 期满专利exploitation of a patent 实施专利exposition priority 展览优先权expropriation 征用extension of term of a patent 延长专利期限fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）fee 费用FICPI 国际工业产权律师联合会file copy 存档原件filing date 申请日期filing fee 申请费filing of an application 提出申请final action 终局决定书first please refer to claim 2 which states 先参照权利要求2，其表明first-to-file principle 先申请原则first-to-invention principle 先发明原则for claim 1, I would suggest adding... 建议在权利要求1加入force majeure 不可抗力foreign patent application 外国专利申请formal examination 形式审查fully complied with 完全遵守gazette 公报Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约grace period 宽限期grant of a patent 授予专利权holder of a patent 专利持有人ICIREPAT 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会if the benefits thereof are desired. 得到其中的便利IFIA 国际发明人协会联合会in the claims by technical features 利用技术特征来表示in the initial specification and claims 在原说明书和权力要求中Maintenance fee 年费may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权利要求书none of the prior art of record anticipates … 记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到... omnibus claims 多项权利要求on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上，基于文件1or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent. 和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2Paris Union Committee for International Cooperation in Information Retrieval among Patent Offices 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或存储账户支付permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 允许年费调整pertaining to （payment method）关于please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示reference signs 标号reference was made to Article 1 引用第一条referred to generally as the "window period," 一般称为“窗口期”regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权利要求2不被…支持regarding something , please refer to … 关于…请参考set forth the time periods 指定时间期限so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须subject matter claimed 要求保护的主题take the view of (that) 采取…观点technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的贡献the difference over D1 is quite clear 相对于D1的不同是很明显的the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….the protection sought should be indicated 要求保护的内容应当在权利要求中-the question is we must add st. in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to … 我们提到的理由the technical problem with which the application was 的技术问题必须的所有的技术特征）thereby providing a st. 因此，提供一个…this is particularly relevant to D1 which teaches us st. 这一点与对比文件尤其相关，它告诉我们...to avoid narrowing or widening claim 1 避免缩小或扩大权利要求1to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整to be fulfill the requirement of clarity 满足清晰的要求to delimit (defined) the scope of protection 限定了保护范围to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了保护范围to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了保护范围to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的保护合理vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的，泛泛的讨论was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月，7年零6个月Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们怎样处理该问Basic Issues on the Priority 优先权基本问题。