Period 2Grammar;Function;PronunciationThe General Idea of This PeriodGrammar in this module is the revision of modal verbs.This part can be led in by doing some exercises of modal verbs.In this part,we’ll revise the usage of modal verbs,such as can,could,must,have to,should,etc.Modal verbs are important and difficult English grammar points and it is rather confusing.Ask the students to pay much attention to them.In this part,we’ll deal with four activities.The function in this module is talking about obligation,permission and prohibition.First,the teacher may ask the students to speak out the way used to express obligation,permission and prohibition.The teacher can give them some examples.Then ask the students to do the exercises.There are four activities in pronunciation.The aim is to make sure that the students can pause at the end of each sense group,not making the sentence broken.Teaching Important PointsEncourage the students to sum up grammatical rules and the way to show obligation,permission and prohibition.Teaching Difficult PointsTo distinguish the usage of modal verbs and pause at the end of each sense group.Teaching MethodsIndividual work and pair work to make every student work in class.Teaching AidsMultimedia,tape-recorder & a blackboardThree Dimensional Teaching AimsKnowledge and SkillsMake the students master modal verbs and use them correctly.Make sure the students can show their obligation,permission and prohibition properly.Train the students’ pronunciation and pause at the end of each sense group.Teaching and StrategiesMotivate the students’ enthusiasm in taking part in the class.Feelings and ValueThrough the revision of modal verbs and the way to show obligation,permission and prohibition,the students will surely express themselves correctly and properly.Teaching ProceduresStep 1 Revision(Greet the students as usual.>T:First,I’ll show you a short passage and you give me the missing words in the passage A Trip Along the Three Gorges.(Show the following passage on the screen.>In August,1996,Peter Hessler,a young American teacher of English,and a colleague decided to take a boat 1along the ThreeGorges.They bought tickets 2the Jiangyou boat.They left the docks on a beautiful afternoon.As the sun set they 3at Fengdu.They slept through the first gorge,which is called the Qutang Gorge.At Wushan they made a 4up the Daning river.The next day they went through the Wu Gorge.They passed the Xiang River,home of Qu Yuan,the 3rd century BC 5.Along the Yangtze River,every rock looked like a person or animal,every stream that joined the great river 6its legends,every hill was 7 with the past.As they came out of the third gorge,the Xiling Gorge,they sailed into the 8site of the dam.On a distant mountain was a sign 920-foot characters.”Build the Three Gorges Dam,10 the Yangtze River,” it said.After three minutes’preparation,ask several students to share their answers in the whole sentences.Then check the answers from the whole class.Suggested answers:1.downstream2.for3.docked4.detour5.poet6.carried7.heavy8.construction9.in10.ExploitAsk the students to read the whole passage together.Step 2 GrammarT:Okay,so much for the check-up.Now,we are going to revise modal verbs.How much do you know about modal verbs?Let me give you a quiz about modal verbs.Let’s see how much do you know about them.(Show the following sentences on the screen.>Decide whether the sentences are true(T> or false(F>.1.Modal verbs have only one form in the present tense.(>2.Modal verbs all have a present,past and future form.(>3.Some modal verbs have more than one meaning.(>4.Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive with to.(>5.To ask questions with modal verbs you use the auxiliary verb do.(>6.To make a modal verb negative you use don’t.(>Ask the students to finish them individually,and then call back their answers.Suggested answers:1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F6.FT:No.2,4,5 and 6 are wrong statements.Do you know how to correct them?Who’d like to do No.2.(Encourage the students to volunteer to answer your questions.>S a:Not all modal verbs have a present,past and future form.For example:Must only has one form.T:Wonderful job!No.4.S a:Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive without to.T:Yes,good.We all know modal verb +原形v.<Finish the four questions like this.）T:I can see you have know the basic rules of modal verbs.Let’s do some other practice.Look at Activity 1.The sentences are all from the passage in plete them and answer the questions following them.(Show the following sentences on the screen.>1.They __________go anywhere they wished.2.You __________go on those ships.3.There __________be any other foreigners.4.We just __________show our passports.5.We __________see the sun setting behind the white pagoda.1.Which verb is used as the past of must?2.Which verb indicates an ability to do something?3.Which verb makes a prediction about the future?4.Which verb is used to give advice?5.Which verb indicates the permission to do something?They are easy for the students to answer.Suggested answers:1.could2.shouldn’t3.won’t4.had to5.could1.had to2.could3.won’t4.shouldn’t5.couldT:So much for this activity.I think you have got a good understanding of modal verbs.Let’s do a further exercise.Please underline the correct verb in the following sentences.(Show the following on the screen.>1.You should/shouldn’t visit the Three Gorges.They’re beautiful.2.Boats can/can’t reach the upper part of the Yangtze River.It’s too dangerous.3.You should/shouldn’t go in winter.The water’s too low.4.Travellers must/mustn’t show their documents when they arrive.It’s the law.5.They could/couldn’t see the mountains in the distance.The peaks were shining in the sunlight.6.The children could/couldn’t find their way out of the woods.They were lost.7.Peter had to/must return by the end of February.He started work again in March.This part is also easy to do.After two or three minutes’preparation,ask the students to say the words they choose individually.Suggested answers:1.should2.can’t3.shouldn’t4.must5.could6.couldn’t7.had toThen pair the students to ask and answer questions based on the sentences in the activity above,that is,Activity 3.Have them take turns toask and answer.Two minutes later,ask some pairs to do questions and answers for the whole class.Step 3 FunctionT:That’s the end of grammar.After class,do more exercises to consolidate modal verbs.Now,look at Page 45.We’ll talk about obligation,permission and prohibition.Do you have any idea of the way to show them?First,for obligation.Any volunteer?S a:We can use You must/should/ought to ...T:Yes,good idea!We can also use sentence pattern,such as:It is necessary to/that...You are required to...As for permission,what kind of sentence do we learn?S b:You may or can...T:Good suggestion!Besides,we can use You are allowed to...I think you are clever to say expressions for prohibition,right?Ss:You can’t/mustn’t... and don’t...T:Good job!Now,let’s see some examples in Activity 1.(Show the following questions on the screen.>Choose the correct meaning.1.The captain lets passengers use his cabin.(a>Passengers must use the captain’s cabin.(b>Passengers can use the captain’s cabin.(c>Passengers mustn’t use the captain’s cabin.2.There are lectures—but you don’t have to go to them.(a>It is necessary to go to the lectures.(b>It isn’t necessary to go to the lectures.(c>It isn’t possible to go to the lectures.3.Swimming form the boat is forbidden.(a>You can swim from the boat.(b>You must swim from the boat.(c>You mustn’t swim from the boat.4.You’re not allowed to smoke.(a>It is against the rules to smoke.(b>You can smoke if you wish.(c>You don’t have to smoke.5.Passengers are required to take their passports with them.(a>They can take their passports with them.(b>They can’t take their passports with them.(c>They must take their passports with them.Ask the students to do this activity individually,then check with a partner.Call back the answers from the whole class,having one student read the sentence,and another one the paraphrase.Suggested answers:1.b2.b3.c4.a5.cAsk the students to use the italicized verbs in each sentence(lets/don’t have to/is forbidden/not allowed to/are required to> to make a sentence of their own study and life.Then encourage some students to share their sentences.Another task is Activity 2.Find more examples of be allowed,had to and let in the reading passage on page 42 in Reading and vocabulary Activity 2.Suggested answers:Paragraph 1:We just had to show our passports and they let us get on the boat.Paragraph 5:but we weren’t allowed to get off the boat.Step 4 PronunciationT:Listen to the following sentences and repeat them.Meanwhile,make sure you pause at the end of each sense group.(Show the following on the screen.>Can you tell me/something about the boats?What about/on board activities?What about/swimming in the Yangtze?Are there any/other rules I should know about?Pair them to practice,listening and helping each other to get it right.And then say the sentences in Activity 2 aloud.What about swimming in the Yangtze?Are there any other rules I should know?Can you tell me if we’re allowed to take photos of the dam?Ask the students to read them individually,and then play the tape for them to check.Suggested answers:What about/swimming in the Yangtze?Are there any/other rules I should know?Can you tell me/if we’re allowed to take photos of the dam?T:In Activity 3,there is a short dialogue from the passage in listening Activity 1.Read through the sentences to yourselves and try to pause at the end of each sense group.A I’m interested in booking a classic Three Gorges cruise.Can you tell me something about the boats?B Yes,certainly.They’re big,modern boats,and they all have professional English speaking directions.You can choose between western and Chinese cuisine.Play the tape for them to check their answers.Then call back theanswers from the whole class.Suggested answers:A I’m interested in booking/a classic Three Gorges cruise./Can you tell me/something about the boats?B Yes,/certainly./They’re big,/modern boats,/and they all have/professional English speaking directions./You can choose between/western and Chinese cuisine.T:Let’s come to another exercise.There is also a dialogue in Activity4.Read through these sentences and pause at the end of each sense group.A Are there any other rules I should know?B There aren’t a lot of rules.But the boats are non-smoking,so you’re not allowed to smoke anywhere except in your cabin and in the smoking lounge.Suggested answers:A Are there any other rules/I should know?B There aren’t a lot of rules./But the boats are non-smoking,/so you’re not allowed to smoke/anywhere except in your cabin/and in the smoking lounge.Step 5 Summary and homeworkT:Today we have learned some modal verbs and some way to show obligation permission and prohibition.We’ve also learned how to pause at the end of each sense group.Do more practice after class.Do the exercise on your workbook.So much for today.Good-bye,everyone!Ss:Good-bye,teacher!The Design of the Writing on the BlackboardModule 5 A Trip Along the Three GorgesThe second periodcan/could have to/must should/ought toobligationpermission prohibitionRecord after Teaching_______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _________________Activities and Research1.Revise the usage of modal verbs.2.Learn to express obligation,permission and prohibition.3.Practise how to pause at the end of each sense group correctly.Reference for TeachingGrammar1.can 和 couldcan表示客观可能性,也可表示”能力”。
