下载文档原格式
1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.3) They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.4) He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining.5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.1) Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them.2) The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight ofa traveler.3) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.4) I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.6) After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.7) I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie.8) I thought somehow I had been spared.第五课1) Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies in this country and the U. S. A.2) Winant said the same would be true of the U. S. A.3) My life is much simplified thereby.4) I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.5) I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.6) We shall be strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.7) Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain.第六课1) The house detective's piggy eyes surveyed her sardonically from his gross jowled face.2) Pretty neat set-up you folks got.3) The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.4) He lowered the level of his incongruous falsetto voice.5) The words spat forth with sudden savagery, all pretense of blandness gone.6) The Duchess of Corydon – three centuries and a half of in-bred arrogance behind her -- did not yield easily.7) "It is no go, old girl. I'm afraid. It was a good try."8) "That's more like it," Ogilvie said. He lit the fresh cigar, "Now we're getting somewhere."9) his eyes sardonically on the Duchess as if challenging her objection.10) The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly.第九课1)a man who became constantly preoccupied by the moral weaknesses of mankind.2)Mark Twain first observed and absorbed the new American experience, and then introduce it to the world in his books or lectures.3)In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds.4)With no money and a frashated feeling, he accepted a job as reporter with Territorial Enterprise in Virginia City, ...5)Mark Twain began working hard to became well known locally as a newspaper reporter and humorist.6)and when California makes a plan for a new surprise, the solemn people in other states of the U.S. smile as usual, making a comment "that's typical of California".7)The man who had made the world laugh was himself consumed by bitterness.第十课1) We have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.1) We have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.2) The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently.2) The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently.3) The fundamentalists believe in a word-for-word acceptance of what is said in the Bible.3) The fundamentalists believe in a word-for-word acceptance of what is said in the Bible.4) That all life had developed gradually from a common original organism.4) That all life had developed gradually from a common original organism.5) Let's accuse Scopes of teaching evolution and let the court decide whether he is breaking the law or not.5) Let's accuse Scopes of teaching evolution and let the court decide whether he is breaking the law or not.6) People from the nearby mountains, mostly fundamentalists, came to support Bryan against those professors, scientists, and lawyers who came from the northern big cities and were not fundamentalists.6) People from the nearby mountains, mostly fundamentalists, came to support Bryan against those professors, scientists, and lawyers who came from the northern big cities and were not fundamentalists.7) As my father complained angrily, "That's no jury at all. “7) As my father complained angrily, "That’s no jury at all.”8) He is here because unenlightenment and prejudice are widespread and unchecked.8) He is here because unenlightenment and prejudice are widespread and unchecked.9) People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.9) People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.10) And the crowd, who were mainly fundamentalists, took his words showing no fear as if they were prayers, interrupting frequently with "Amen".10) And the crowd, who were mainly fundamentalists, took his words showing no fear as if they were prayers, interrupting frequently with "Amen".。
Unit 1 General Chemistry Lesson 1Inorganic Chemistry 无机化学是一门涉及化学性质和无机化合物反应的化学学科分支。
无机化学包括了所有除了那些基于链或环的碳原子的被称为有机化合物，并在有机化合物的独立标题下研究有机化学的化合物。
两学科之间的区别并不是绝对的,两者之间有许多重叠,最重要的是在有机金属化学的分支学科上。
1．主要概念无机化合物主要是盐，它是通过阴、阳离子通过离子键键合形成。
例如：阳离子钠Na+和镁Mg2+分别与阴离子氧O2—-和氯Cl-形成化合物。
盐都是电中性的,如离子化合物氧化钠Na2O或氯化镁MgCl2。
这些离子的电性可以由他们的氧化态和易于形成可以从他们母体元素中的电离电位和电子亲和力推断出来的来描述。
一类重要的无机化合物是氧化物,碳酸盐、硫酸盐和卤化物。
许多无机化合物都具有很高的熔点。
固态无机盐是典型的不良导体。
另一个重要性质是他们在水中的溶解度和容易结晶。
有些盐(例如NaCl)极易溶于水,另一些(例如二氧化硅)是不易溶于水的。
最简单的无机反应是复分解反应，即在两种盐的混合物中，离子相互交换但不发生电荷及化合价的改变。
在氧化还原反应中，氧化剂的化合价降低，还原剂的化合价升高，最终的结果是发生了。
交换电子也可以间接发生，例如电池——电化学中一个很重要的概念。
在酸碱化学中，反应物包含氢原子的反应可以通过交换质子发生。
更广泛的定义就是：在任何化学种类里能结合电子对的被称为路易斯酸,相反的，任何提供电子对的分子被称为路易斯碱。
在精细酸碱反应中,软硬酸碱理论考虑到离子的极化性和离子大小。
无机化合物存在于天然矿物质中。
例如土壤和黄铁矿中含有硫化亚铁，石膏中含有硫酸钙。
无机化合物应用于多个方面：作为生物大分子，作为电解液(氯化钠)，作为储能物(ATP)或作为结构骨架（DNA 骨架中的多磷酸盐)。
最重要的人工合成的无机化合物是通过哈伯合成氨法合成的，用于土壤施肥的亚硝酸盐铵。
《专业英语》作业global corporation全球公司economic boom 经济繁荣Ownership 所有权joint-venture合资企业headquarters 总部Competitive Advantage 竞争优势Entrepreneur企业家equity股权Insurance costs 保险费用bargaining power 议价能力overhead开销Insurance Company 保险公司stock options股票期权consumer appliance 家电消费Insurance contract 保险合同performance-based pay 基础薪酬policy-holder 投保人Commission 佣金personal effects 个人财物natural calamities 自然灾害Decision 决策insurance amount 保险金额insurance coverage 保险保障Venture Capital 风险资本marine coverage 海险salvage charge 救助费用Food chain 食物链general average 共同海损mass production 大规模生产containerization 集装箱distributor 经销商Chain stores 连锁商店phone interview 电话面试vending machine 自动售货机Selling point 卖点billboard 广告牌cinema commercials 影院广告Promotions 促销leaflet 传单poster 海报Search engine 搜索引擎stock prices股票价格Financial crisis 金融危机intellectual capital 智力资本national asset 国家资产Business Model 商业模式Electronic commerce 电子商务Globalization 全球化1、The multinational is big and rich. It often operates in industries which are difficult to enter and of vital national importance, e.g. the computer, chemical and automobile industries. Most important of all, the main objective of the multinational is to organize its activities around the world so as to maximize global profits and global market shares. Each subsidiary is part of an international network of affiliates. These all interact with each other. Each part serves the whole. The center controlling the network—the multinationals’ headquarters—is not under the control of the host government. It is frequently thousands of miles away from these subsidiaries.跨国公司不仅大而且富有。
Unit one This Year It’s Going to Be DifferentWarm-up QuestionsBackground InformationExtended ReadingOral PracticeWarm-up Questions1. How do you understand the title?2. Will you try to make a difference at the beginning of a new year?Warm-up Questions3. What does “New Year’s resolution” mean?A New Year’s resolution is something one makes up one’s mind to do at the beginning of a new year in order to be or to do better in the year ahead. It is a ritual commitment to self-improvement, and a goal people set to make their lives better. In many Western countries, New Year’s resolutions are usually made at New Year’s Eve.Background InformationThe New Year, no matter when people have celebrated it, has always been a time for looking back to the past, and more importantly, forward to the coming year. It’s time to reflect on the changes we want, or often need, if we’re to have the motivation to move forward.Resolutions are a reflection of the Babylonians’ belief that what a person does on the first d ay of the New Year will have an effect throughout the entire year. Think about that at the New Year’s party!When a person makes New Year’s resolutions, he makes up his mind to do or not to do certain things in the coming year. Of course, different people make different New Year’s resolutions. For example, a student may decide to work harder at his studies and not to go to the cinema so often; a teacher may decide to improve his/her teaching; aheavy smoker may decide to stop smoking altogether. Some people may be able to carry out their New Year’s resolutions, but some may not. For most people, it’s often easier to make New Year’s resolutions than to carry them out.Oral PracticePlease make some New Year’s resolutions and share them with your partner.ScanningPart Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingScanning1. How many people are there in the family? Who are they?There are six people in the family, namely, the writer himself, his wife Maggie, his daughters Kit and Gretchen, and his sons Roy and Sammy.Scanning2. Decide which of the following statements best sums up the text.1.Some of his family members were pleased whileothers were not when the writer tried to please everybody in the family on New Year’s Day. 2. The writer tried to be a better husband and a betterfather in the new year, and his family membersappreciated this.3. The writer carried out his New Year’s resolutionsfaithfully to improve himself, but the results allwent contrary to his expectations.Part Division of the TextDirections: The text has been divided into several parts.Please summarize the main idea of each part.Part 1 (Para.1)The writer wanted to improve himself by carrying out his New Year’s resolutions.Part 2 (Para.2—Para.4)His resolutions did not work well with his wife.Part 3 (Para.5—Para.8)His resolutions did not work well with the boys.Part 4 (Para.9—Para.14)His resolutions did not work well with the girls.Part 5 (Para.15—Para.16)The carrying out of his resolutions led to a chaos among the children.Part 6 (Para.17—Para.20)The carrying out of his resolutions further offended his wife.Part 7 (Para.21—Para.24)The harder he tried, the more irritated his family members were.Part 8 (Para.25—Para.32)The writer made a confession.Part 9 (Para.33—Para.37)The writer became his old self and everything was back to normal.Detailed ReadingNew Year’s resolutions are like anything else—you get out of them what you put in.What does this sentence mean?A s the saying goes, “As you sow, so will you reap”, which means whatever a man sows he will reap. The writer intends to convince the reader that making New Year’s resolutions also follows this maxim. The more resolutions you make at the beginning of the year, the better results you will have.Pretty clearly, anyone who followed my collection of rules would be blessed with a richer life, boundless love from his family, and the admiration of the community.Paraphrase this sentence.Quite obviously, anyone who was determined to be guided by the rules of self-improvement I collected would be happy and have an eventful life, infinite affection from his family and the respect of the community.Be spontaneous in showing affection.Show your love readily and willingly.“Don’t ever sneak up on me like that again!”Never creep up on me like that again!Why did Maggie react to her husband’s kiss in this way?Probably the husband seldom did this kind of romantic thing (steal a kiss from behind) before.A sincere compliment is worth its weight in gold.Whole-hearted and genuine praise is very valuable.“It wasn’t my idea to stay out until four a.m.”I didn’t want to remain outside until four in the morning! It was your idea!Was Maggie pleased to hear the “sincere compliment”?Why or why not?Maggie was very much annoyed by the “sincere compliment”, because she didn’t look “lovely” at all due to lack of sleep. Therefore, she thought her husband was speaking sarcastically.Roy sure is smart.“Sure” is often used in colloquial American English, meaning “certainly”. “Roy sure is smart” means “Roy certainly is clever.” By making such a remark, Sammy actually suggested that his father was not so bright.Meet your child at his own level.Join your children and treat them as your equals. / Speak, act and think as your children do.It isn’t either happy.The normal order of the sentence is: “It isn’t happy, either.” The word “either” in the sentence shows emphasis. The sentence is an example of child talk, meaning “It isn’t happy at all!” or “It’s very unhappy.”I’ll bet the fellows are swarming around.The sentence means “I’m sure many young men are after you.”Do you think it is appropriate for the writer to saysomething about “the fellows swarming around” toMarilyn?No, it is inappropriate. And that’s why Marilyn thought she was cross-examined by the writer. There was a series of shrieks down the hall. I found Gretchen in tears.I heard screams down the hall one after another and I found Gretchen crying.I suggested that they carve something for their mother—like a salad spoon.The sentence means “I suggested that they should carve something for their mother, for example, a salad spoon, by using the scout knife.”The most trivial chore can prove rewarding if approached with zest.The most unimportant light task may turn out to be worthwhile if it is dealt with eagerly and enthusiastically.I struck up a conversation with Kit, trying to establish some kind of rapport.I started to have a conversation with Kit in a friendly way and tried my best to achieve agreement and understanding between us.Anybody else would have thrown in the sponge…What does “throw in the sponge” mean?The idiom “throw in the sponge/towel” comes from boxing. It means “to admit that you have been defeated”.Anybody else would have admitted defeat and given up.…they had the nerve to say you suggested it.What does this sentence mean?The sentence means “they were rude enough to say that you suggested that they carve my saladspoon”.Kit has been in a poisonous mood.What is the meaning of this sentence?It means that “Kit has been in a very bad temper”.You never bothered with small talk before. Why start now?Paraphrase this sentence.You never troubled yourself to chat with people in the past. Why do you want to start doing it now?If the kids do something and you get mad, they know where they stand.What is the meaning of this sentence?It means “If the children do something and you become angry, they know they are wrong”.And when I tell you to do something, jump!What is the meaning of this sentence?It means “When I tell you to do something, hurry up and do it”.Words &Phrasesresolution: n.decision or mental pledge to do or not to do somethingShe’s always making good resolutions b ut she never carries them out.He lacked the resolution to get through medical school.Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue. 勇敢和决心是美德的灵魂。
2000年国际关系学院硕士入学考试英语专业英语(一)试题考生须知1 答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试题纸上的无效2 限三个小时内完卷3 考生不得携带任何词典或书本4 知识交卷时必须交还试题Ⅰ.Translate the following into Chinese (50%)As self-appointed custodians of ideals and fundamental moral principles, pre-1910 American intellectuals believed it their responsibility to lead the nation upward and onward. If there were obstacles to be overcome, intellectuals sounded the call and led the reformers' charge. If idealistic visions were the requirements, they provided blueprints for utopians. The twentieth century began with most intellectuals in the United States sanguine about the future of the Western world. The wave of pride and confidence generated by the Renaissance and the Enlightenment still rolled strongly. What a work of art was man! His intellect, disciplined with science, seemed capable of explaining and utilizing every natural process. And the same natural laws that provided the key to the physical world were thought to make possible a social science as well. With liberal application of the oil of natural rights, most Americans confidently expected the social vehicle to run squeakless forever---World War I explored this halcyon vision.The way in which the actual phrase "lost generation" came into being is instructive. While the several accounts vary in details, there is general consensus that the phrase originated with Gertrude Stein, the Radcliffe girl turned Parisian, and the unofficial dean of expatriated American artists and writers in Europe. There is also general agreement that Stein used the phrase in conversation with Ernest Hemingway about 1921. Hemingway's own account in A Moveable Feast is the most complete. Gertrude Stein, he begins, found it necessary to take her Model T Ford to a Paris garage for ignition repairs. Apparently the young mechanic who worked on the car did not fix it satisfactorily or possibly he took too long. Stein, at any rate, protested to the owner of the garage, and he in turn called the mechanic to task. The owner then explained to Stein that all the young workers in his shop lacked skill because they had served in the war and missed the crucial early years of vocational training. At one point in the conversation, according to Hemingway, the garage keeper said of his mechanics, that they were "all a generation perdue." Some time later, Stein applied the phrase to the 23-year-old Hemingway and his friends. Angry at their rowdy, drunken behavior, she saw the connection. “‘That's what you are. That's what you all are,' Miss Stein said, ‘All of you young people who served in the war. You are a lost generation.'” Hemingway evidently w as surprised, the idea had not occurred to him before. “‘Really?'” he asked. “‘You are, 'Stein insisted.‘You have no respect for anything. You drink yourselves to death…'” Hemingway attempted to protest that he was never drunk when he came to Stein salon, but Stein, as usual, had the final word: “ ‘Don't argue with me, Hemingway…It does no good at all. You're all a lost generation, exactly as the garage keeper said.'”ⅡTranslate the following into English (50%)贾平凹: 我是农民一个成功的作家,用饱含深情厚意的笔调,向大家讲述他并不成功的农民生涯, 并平静地对大家说, 我是农民,不是作家. 这个成功的作家就是贾平凹,那个不成功的农民,也是贾平凹.而这部以“讲述”为重要特征的作品名字叫《我是农民----------乡下五年的记忆》.名人大腕为自己贴金写传,这热潮似乎还在持续, 贾平凹此时写此书, 真怀疑他是在有意为大伙儿提供一本教科书.别人在那儿嚷着自己是如何如何‘崇高伟大’, 贾平凹却说: 我是农民.《我是农民》,贾平凹从自己少年求学写起, 写到回乡当农民,写到两次失败的恋情,写到父亲蒙冤,写到当兵不成,写到想当工人还不成,写到想当代课老师仍不成…一个为了与土地割断联系而竭尽全力的农民,一个角落里的梦想家,这就是贾平凹?这就是一手锦绣文章的贾平凹?回答是肯定的.有些自尊,有些自卑，有些遭歧视，但百分之百的是一个性情中人：真诚，坦荡，永不服输，但又常常感到疲惫。
