新目标大学英语系列教材：综合教程第三册 课后答案主编 刘正光

新目标大学英语：《综合教程》第三册U1•Textbook StudyListening1）created2）standard of living3）comfortable4）enhance their career5）means of communication6）day-to-day purposes7）institutes8）devices9）work and everyday routine10）a click ofText B1:1）objective2）People show their love to their moms online on Mother's Day.2:1）subjective2）The influence of technology is admittedly an important factor, but it is also true that the Millennial Generation are more obsessed withindividualism than ever.3:1）subjective2）Whether the pursuit of originality is the cause or consequence of our generation’s alienation, the two are clearly linked and central to understanding it.4:1）objective2）It is reported that the Millennials are more indifferent and indifferent.Writing（范文示例）How to reduce the negative effects of TV programs on children?When TV sets enter every household, different programs have played a more and more important role in children’s mental and physiological growth. Some programs, say, cartoons and TV specials about animal life, are very helpful. They give much fun to the children and teach them an appreciation for all life. Besides, some other programs such as science fictions can arouse children’s interest and encourage creativity. Even some commercials such as those on anti-smoking campaigns can help the children judge what is good and what is not in their daily life.However, some programs also have negative effects on the children. First, many commercials may create children’s desire for unnecessaryproducts because they don’t really know what they want. Second, spending too much time in front of TV will do harm to their eyes. Thirdly, many adult programs contain violence and sex, which are likely to lead to juvenile crimes when children grow up.Therefore, various measures should be taken to reduce TV program’s negative effects. Of course, parents should, first of all, limit the time that children spend on different programs. Secondly, program selection should be taken into account, and parental guidance is also necessary. Finally, government should pass some laws to forbid the violence in children’s programs.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、C3、B4、B5、D6、CReading Comprehension7）B8）D9）C10）G11) H12) I13) K14）M15）N16）NParagraph Translation（翻译参考）College students born in the 1990s have been in an advantageous situation. With the development and progress of society, TV, computers and Internet have come along with this “New Generation”and imperceptibly influenced their growth. Especially the development of Internet has influenced this group of young people physically and mentally to a great extent. Internet has great temptation on them, but too much reliance on it makes the new generation unable to get sound judgment so as to lose their ways when they face new things. Moreover, since we don’t have good supervision system over Internet, the “New Generation” is likely to develop an incorrect outlook on life and values. •Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BABDC6-10: CBBBB11-15: CDBBA16-20: BCBADUnit Test - II1-5: CADCB（6）E. Effects（7）A. abundant（8）D. delivery（9）B. efficiency （10）M. reminders （11）I. appointments （12）G. unavailable （13）H. vaccinate （14）K. involve （15）N. quantitative 16-20: BDCBD21-25: BBDBAU2•Textbook Study Listening1）typically2）exceptions3）the highest-quality4）a reaction to5）prohibited6）well-regarded7）seeks8）unique philosophy9）dedicated to10）well-rounded studentsText B1、pro2、con3、con4、conWriting（范文示例）American Fast Food: Why Is It So Popular in China?American fast food is now very popular in China. When you walk along the streets of any big city in China, it is very likely for you to find several kinds of popular American fast food restaurants such as McDonald’s, KFC, Pizza Hut, etc. These fast food restaurants serve different kinds of food, and they particularly cater for the young people and kids. With the development of economy in smaller cities and towns, the number of American fast food restaurants in China is increasing dramatically. There are several reasons for the popularity of American fast foodin China. First, the service is generally good. It is fast, so the busy young people like it; the employees are professional and friendly, so people feel happy when they enjoy the food; the environment is clean and pleasant, so kids and young people like to stay there to have party or dating. Second, the food tastes good. It tastes different from typical Chinese food, and it excites Chinese taste buds. Thirdly, the packaging makes the food look appealing. For example, the colorful paper wrappings are pleasing and plastic utensils are clean and convenient. Last but not least, their promotions attract customers. They always provide discount and special prices. Their TV commercials and newspaper advertisements greet regular customers and catch new ones.People tend to try new things. When Chinese people go to an American food restaurant, they come to know more about western food and their different ways of catering and eating. Therefore, the popularity of American fast food is a result of both the food culture and the lifestyle it represents.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、A3、A4、B5、A6、DReading Comprehension7）K8）L9）G10）I11）D12）H13）F14）J15）A16）CParagraph Translation（翻译参考）In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly-founded colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific, technological and engineering fields. Many people believed that science and technology could not only solve the problems in their daily life and work, but also reform politics,government and business. However, after World War II, the academic world turned to humanistic studies with new enthusiasm. Many scholars believed that humanities could help us understand what we should do and therefore avoid getting lost in our life.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BBCDA6-10: BBBAC11-15: BBDBB16-20: ADADDUnit Test - II1-5: BCADA（6）C. considerable（7）A. falling（8）D. disciplines（9）H. inevitably（10）N. underfunded（11）E. faculty（12）G. survive（13）M. thinking（14）I. impossible（15）K. world16-20: BCCCD21-25: BCDBAU3•Textbook StudyListening1）ultimate2）fosters3）swallowed4）Giving public credit5）Take informed risks6）meet your expectations7）lack8）appearance and manners count9）capacity10）Competence stimulates peopleText B1、F I have met many people who feel unfulfilled, overwhelmed, or stagnant because they are forsaking performance in one or more aspects of their lives. They aren't bringing their leadership abilities to bear in all of life's domains work, home, community, and self.2、NG3、F Scoring four-way wins starts by taking a clear view of what youwant from and can contribute to each domain of your life with thoughtful consideration of the people who matter most to you.4、T5、T6、F You don’t need a workshop to identify worthwhile experiments. The process is pretty straightforward.Writing（范文示例）Should foreign language instruction begin in kindergarten?There is a famous saying “The limits of my language are the limits of my world”. Indeed, the ability to speak several languages is considered one of the hallmarks of a cultured person. From this perspective, foreign language instruction should begin as early as possible in order to achieve near-native fluency. The reasons behind this approach are both social and professional.Socially, learning a foreign language enables the young child to enter a wider cultural world. By learning to speak, think and understand a different language, the child develops greater cross-cultural awareness. This critical ability enables the child to make friends with, identify with and empathize with others who speak the additional language.Professionally, by learning a foreign language in kindergarten, the child expands his/her future career horizons. In today’s increasinglyglobalized world, bilingual and multilingual individuals are in high demand. The child who achieves this fluency naturally and easily at a young age already has an edge over others in the job market.In summary, numerous benefits flow from teaching a foreign language from kindergarten. The child will most likely grow up to thank those who made such a learning experience possible.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、B3、C4、A5、B6、CReading Comprehension（7）H（8）K（9）A（10）F（11）D（12）E（13）I（14）N（15）E（16）CParagraph Translation（翻译参考）China became a net oil importer in 1993, a shift that generated both domestic and international concern about China’s oil security. In 2002, China imported 37% of its oil. By 2020, international observers predict that oil imports will rise to 63%-70% of China’s domestic consumption. Currently, oil prices in China are set by the government. They are referenced to world prices, but lag behind changes in world oil prices by a month, which encourages speculation. Liberalizing domestic prices and allowing price differences based on local supply and demand would greatly help oil companies adjust production slate and resource allocation.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: CBADA6-10: DACDB11-15: ADACC16-20: BACBCUnit Test - II1-5: BABDD（6）E. of（7）M. contribute （8）O. thoughtful （9）J. expectations （10）N. carefully （11）L. how（12）C. doesn’t （13）D. adjust （14）A. up（15）F. matter16-20: ABCDB21-25: AADBCU4•Textbook StudyListening1）appeal2）break down3）intentional4）fulfill5）Creativity6）harmony7）entertainment8）influence9）obvious10）secondary toText B1、F2、O3、O4、O5、F6、F7、F8、O9、O10、FWriting（范文示例）Using a computer every day can have more negative than positive effects on children. Do you agree or disagree?I tend to agree that young children can be negatively affected by too much time spent on the computer every day. This is partly because sitting in front of a screen for too long can be damaging to both the eyes and the physical posture of a young child, regardless of what they are using the computer for.However, the main concern is about the type of computer activities that attract children. These are often electronic games that tend to be very intense and rather violent. The player is usually the “hero” of the game and too much exposure can encourage children to be self-centered and insensitive to others.Even when children use a computer for other purposes, such as getting information or emailing friends, it is no substitute for human interaction. Spending time with other children and sharing non-virtual experiences is an important part of a child’s development that cannot be provided by a computer.In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied. Their adult world will be changing constantly in terms of technology and the Internet is the key to all the knowledge and information available in the world today. Therefore it is important that children learn at an early age to use the equipment enthusiastically and with confidence as they will need these skills throughout their studies and working lives.I think the main point is to make sure that young children do not overuse computers. Parents must ensure that their children learn to enjoy other kinds of activity and not simply sit at home, learning to live in a virtual world.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、B3、A4、B5、C6、CBanked Cloze（7）D. brightly（8）A. innovative（9）J. with（10）H. that（11）L. As（12）C. art（13）G. than（14）N. exhibited（15）O. created（16）I. forParagraph Translation（翻译参考）In China, food eaten during festivals is particularly important. At different festivals, people partake of different fare. For example, on the eve of the Spring Festival, people in the north always eat jiaozi,meat and vegetable dumplings, at family reunions. This is a way of bidding farewell to the old year and welcoming the New Year. The Lantern Festival is a day of celebration, and on this day people like to eat yuanxiao, sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour, to symbolize family reunion and perfection. At the Duanwu Festival, people eat zongzi, glutinous rice wrapped in triangular shape in reed leaves, to commemorate the beloved poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in the Miluo River after being politically wronged. Legend has it that people at the time threw zongzi into river in the hope that the water dragon would not take him away. This later gradually developed into a custom of making and eating zongzi during the Duanwu Festival.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ABCDC6-10: ABACD11-15: BDBBC16-20: ADBACUnit Test - II1-5: BBBCC（6）F. through（7）O. artist（8）L. so（9）D. amount（10）B. energy（11）I. winter（12）M. During（13）C. fascinated （14）A. he（15）H. projects16-20: CDABD21-25: CBCAAU5•Textbook StudyListening1）deep insights2）personalities3）irresistible4）inspire5）that never vanish 6）accessible7）generations8）remind ourselves of 9）complex and profound 10）as you wishText B1）You have a lot of opportunities to experience life.2）I’m just ordinary, and so are you.3）Biff is so angry that he is going to attack his father.4）You were just an ordinary and insignificant hard-working drummer like other drummers.5）Only great men can conquer the difficulties like those dangerous situations in the jungle.6）The jungle is dangerous and it has the fortune that you are longing for, Willy.Writing（范文示例）In short, I do not believe that television has destroyed or even harmed interpersonal communication among most people. Most people realize that television is merely a temporary diversion and do not use it to replace interpersonal communication. I believe that the damage attributed to television is greatly exaggerated and that such damage is most likely attributable to other more powerful social factors.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、D3、A4、A5、A6、BBanked Cloze（1）G. literary（2）C. mysteriously（3）J. resort（4）A. superficially（5）B. appeals（6）F. elaborate（7）D. despised（8）I. escapism（9）H. hovered（10）E. distinctParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Dream of the Red Chamber, also called The Story of the Stone, is one of China's Four Great Classical Novels. It is generally acknowledged to be the pinnacle of Chinese fiction. "Redology" is the field of study devoted exclusively to this work. It was written sometime in the middle of the 18th century by Cao Xueqin, Gao E, added 40 additional chapters to complete the novel. Red Chamber is believed to besemi-autobiographical, mirroring the rise and decline of author Cao Xueqin's own family. The novel is remarkable for its precise and detailed observation of many aspects of Chinese culture, such as social life, marriage and funeral rites, costumes, food, Chinese medicine, architects and gardens as well as painting and poetry.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: DBBAA6-10: BDACB11-15: ADACA16-20: DCACAUnit Test - II1-5: DACBC（6）D. embrace（7）E. mental（8）G. aimlessness（9）B. informs（10）J. cheer（11）L. concept（12）C. expectation（13）O. completely（14）A. reminded（15）F. complicated16-20: DBCAA21-25: ABACCU6•Textbook StudyListening1）sad or low-spirited 2）negative mood3）forecasts depression 4）relieved5）professional6）appetite7）presence of fatigue 8）unworthy9）feels guilty10）mentally disturbed Text B1）32）13）84）125）117）88）109）1710）14Writing（范文示例）Solnit argues that because conservation efforts have conceived of Yosemite as a work of art, the park is represented as nature appropriately experienced as one might experience a painting: through sight only. While this representation makes sense in light of the throngs of people flocking to Yosemite, it limits the ways in which an individual might experience the park’s landscape, since it implies that that nature is to be viewed and not altered, that it is to be visited and not lived in.Descending from Yu•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、B3、A4、D5、CBanked Cloze（1）I. rate（2）A. transition（3）C. harbored（4）E. ultimately（5）G. contexts（6）B. academically（7）J. dwelled（8）H. ceaseless（9）D. distressed（10）F. specificParagraph Translation（翻译参考）It is an undeniable fact that Chinese are experiencing various pressures. A recently released survey results indicate that the leading causes of stress were identified as employment, personal finances and bosses. A decent job, a stable and good income is by all means what most people are yearning for. However, they often come with more sacrifice and pressure. In respond to the growing levels of pressure and competition，modern people have no choice but to accept the reality and overwork themselves. In fact, the pressure is resulted no so much from real life as from the gap between the ever-expanding desire and thereality. To relieve the pressure, Chinese must focus on the spiritual and mental contentment and restrain their desire before it deprives the happiness they could have obtained.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: CDABB6-10: CACAA11-15: DABAB16-20: BBCDCUnit Test - II1-5: BDDCD（6）G. adapt（7）M. eventually（8）B. interact（9）O. particularly（10）F. inadequacy（11）A. advisory（12）H. stressed（13）C. legitimately（14）K. dwelling（15）N. training16-20: AADBB21-25: CBDDCU7•Textbook StudyListening1）for the good of2）on a regular basis3）help out4）opportunity5）make a positive difference 6）have a positive impact7）improve8）demonstrate9）networks10）decide onText BWriting（范文示例）1）：AThis abstract begins well with a concise statement of the objectives of the paper, but then wanders from good technical writing style from there. In other words, this abstract addresses the research focus, but not the research method, the results or the main conclusions.2）：AThe most important information, i.e., the research results, is not presented. This abstract describes only the organization of the paper, such as “We explain how…Next, we describe a way…We describe theimportance… We comment specifically on…”. There is no mention of the specific research methods, or the results, or the main conclusions. The abstract should summarize the actual results and how they were obtained. Example: “A statistical analysis was performed on answers to survey questions posed to students enrolled in a capstone design course at Georgia Tech. The analysis showed that students thought the most important aspects of their experience in engineering capstone design were quality of the instructor and quantity of student/instructor interaction time.”3）：AIt is unnecessary to describe the organization of the paper. Though an abstract should follow the chronology of the paper, it is not advisable to devote the abstract to the description of the organization of the paper.4）：AThe author paid attention to the transition words, as is shown by the transition word “next”.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1-5: CDCBCAReading Comprehension（1）A（2）G（3）C（4）K（5）B（6）H（7）J（8）F（9）M（10）LParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Nowadays, with the development of the Internet, more and more people prefer to shop online. You would get the goods you want at your door from the expressman just by clicking the mouse, which is convenient and can save both time and effort. Online shopping cuts down on the consumers’ time of going to the supermarket and avoids the traffic jam. Due to little pressure on stock, low management cost and business scale with little limitation on sites, online shopping offers a good opportunity for young people to start a business. Online shopping is attractive and influential to its consumers, companies and market, which can achieve an ideal pattern of multi-win effect in the new economy period undoubtedly.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ACDBA6-10: CBACB11-15: DDAAA16-20: DBBDBUnit Test - II1-5: DBAAB（6）L. emergency （7）E. nurses （8）K. dependent （9）M. temporary （10）G. inflating （11）O. medical （12）N. descended （13）H. monitor （14）B. care for （15）C. as if16-20: BCBCA21-25: DBDBDU8•Textbook Study Listening1）urban2）rural3）20304）grow to 4.9 billion5）decrease by some 28 million6）20007）20308）double9）870 million10）1.01 billionText Ba，c，hd，fb，g，h，IfededWriting（范文示例）1）Gillett, A. (2005, May 6th). Using English for academic purposes. Retrieved November 7th, 2005, from /2）Sinclair, J. (1991). Corpus, concordance and collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.3）Widdowson, H. G. (1983). Learning purpose and language use. Oxford: Oxford University Press.4）COBUILD English language dictionary. (1991). London: HarperCollins. 5）Bialystock, E. & Sharwood-Smith, M. (1985). Interlanguage is not a state of mind: An evaluation of the construct for second-language acquisition. Applied Linguistics, 6, 101-117.6）Cooper, R. L. (1970). What do we learn when we learn a language? TESOL Quarterly, 4, 303-314.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、A3、D4、C5、D6、BBanked Cloze（1）K. rural（2）J. until（3）A. majority（4）G. migration（5）L. transformed（6）M. industrialized（7）E. ruling（8）N. served（9）C. produced（10）D. brokenParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Shenzhen is China’s first Special Economic Zone since its reform and opening up. It is the window of China’s reform and opening up and has developed into an international city with certain influence. It is also an important high-tech research and development and manufacturing base in South China. Shenzhen has a vast sea area which connects the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean. Shenzhen is adjacent to Hong Kong and is one of the busiest container ports in China. Window of the World is one of the major tourist attractions in Shenzhen. There are many famous miniature landscapes of the world, such as the pyramids of Egypt, the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, Niagara Falls in North America and so on.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: BBADC6-10: DCAAA11-15: BCCDA16-20: ACADBUnit Test - II1-5: ABABD（6）I. apparently （7）N. migration （8）E. rural（9）C. explosion （10）G. urbanization （11）F. urban（12）A. congested （13）H. mention （14）O. planning （15）L. dense16-20:DADCB21-25: ADCCB。

全新版大学英语综合教程3课后答案（完整版）懦夫总有疯狂的一天。

Unit One Changes in the Way We LiveText AContent Questions ( P10 )Write and live on a farm.Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. They have enough eggs, honey andwood. They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. Besides, they can goskiing and skating in winter.No. Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough.They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March.When the first spring came, it brought two floods. The second flood refers to the good harvest inthe growing season.He decided to quit his job and start to freelance.He has to crawl into black bear dens for “Sports Illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams forfor “Science Digest”,andmagazine, check out the Lake Champlain “monster”“Smithsonian”canoe through the Boundary Waters Wilderness area of Minnesota fo r “Destinations”.-medical policy and the policy on theirAs for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’s major two cars.They cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living. For example,they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. They still attend theopera and ballet but only a few times a year. They eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and seefewer movies.A tolerance for solitude and lots of energy.They will leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what they have been ableto accomplish.They chose to live in the country because they want to improve the quality of their lives. Yes,they have finally realized their dreams.Text Organization ( P11 )Part One (paragraphs 1—3) The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant andsatisfying one.Part Two (paragraphs 4—7 ) Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.Part Three (paragraphs 8—11) After quitting his job, the writer’s income was reduced, but he andhis family were able to manage to get by.Part Four (paragraphs 12—15 ) A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possiblefor the family to enjoy their life in the country.Happy Moments and Events1) growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc.3) keeping warm inside the house in winter-。

新目标大学英语,综合教程3,Unit2,课后练习答案Unit 2 Conflicting Ideas in HigherEducationText ALanguage in Use41) stimulating, stimuli 2) implicate, implication 3) compassion, compassionate 4) specialize, specialization 5) reject, rejection 6) defined, definite7) utilizing, utility 8) influential, influence51) by accident 2) by turns 3) By contrast 4) by definition 5) in case of6) in terms of 7) in consideration of 8) in honor of6.1) groping for 2) strive for 3) applauded for 4) substituted for5) compensate for6) stand for 7) weep for 8) blame for71) comment on 2) deciding on 3) elaborate on 4) imposed on 5) concentrate on6) acts on 7) feed on81) 接下来的几分钟里，他简要介绍了通识教育的发展历史，告诉学生们“通识”一词来自拉丁语，意为“自由”，这种学校教育在古代只有自由的小孩（而非奴隶）才能享受。

2) 现代的通识教育让学生接触许多理工和人文学科，这些学科知识有助于深入探求人生重大问题的答案。

3) 他们认为，高等教育如果不以培训学生做事挣钱为核心，就是毫无意义的。

4）如果想弄清我们的调查对象究竟做了什么成就了极富成效与创造力的人生，那么我们就必须明白他们在专门从事一两个领域之前为何他们如此重视人文教育。

新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案Unit11 对于是否应该在大学期间详细规划自己的未来，学生们意见不一。

有的人认为对未来应该有一个明确的目标和详细的计划，为日后可能遇到的挑战做好充分的准备；有的人则认为不用过多考虑未来，因为未来难以预料。

(map out; brace oneself for; uncertainty)Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university. Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any challenges, whereas some others think they don’t have to think much about the future, because future is full of uncertainties.2 经过仔细检查，这位科学家得知自己患了绝症。

虽然知道自己将不久于人世，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是准备好好利用剩下的日子，争取加速推进由他和同事们共同发起的那个研究项目，以提前结项。

( tick away; make the best of; have a shot at)After a very careful check-up, the scientist was told he had got a fatal disease.Although he knew that his life was ticking away, instead of complaining about the fate, the scientist decided to make thebest of the remaining days, and speed up the research project he and his colleagues initiated, and have a shot at completing it ahead of schedule.Unit21 在火车站上，有一位老人给我讲述了他参加解放战争的经历，那些战斗故事对我有着极大的吸引力。

1、填空题1)replaced2)consider3)quit4)world5)tough6)fuels7)provide8)luxuries9)balance10)ideal2，翻译题1）我们的计算机系统出来毛病，但我觉得问题比较小We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor.2）父亲去世时我还比较小，不能独立生活。

就在那时，家乡的父老接过了养育我的责任My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.3）这些玩具必得在达到严格要求后才出售给儿童The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirementsbefore they can be sold to children.4)作为新闻和舆论的载体，广播和电视补充了而不是代替了报纸Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as c arriers of news and opinion.5）至于这本杂志，它刊载世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspap ers and magazines around the world.作文：十年之前，南希做了许许多多美国人梦寐以求的事。

她辞去了经理职位，在临近地区开了一家家用器具商店。

新标准大学英语综合教程3课后答案Unit 1。

Part I。

1. A2. B3. C4. A5. B。

Part II。

1. What’s your major?2. What do you want to be when you graduate?3. How do you like your university life?4. What’s your plan for the future?5. What do you think of the courses you are taking?Part III。

1. C2. A3. B4. C5. A。

Part IV。

1. What is the passage mainly about?2. What does the author think of the traditional way of learning?3. What are the advantages of the new way of learning?4. What does the author suggest students do?5. What can we learn from the passage?Unit 2。

Part I。

1. C2. B3. A4. C5. B。

Part II。

1. What’s your opinion on online shopping?2. What do you think are the advantages of online shopping?3. Have you ever had any bad experiences with online shopping?4. Do you prefer online shopping or traditional shopping?5. What do you think will be the future of online shopping? Part III。

全新版大学英语第三册课后练习答案及课文翻译《全新版大学英语综合教程3》课后练习答案Unit 1Part II Text AText Organization P.101. Parts, Paragraphs and Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-3 The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant andsatisfying one.Part Two Paras 4-7 Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.Part Three Paras 8-11 After quitting his job, the writer's income was reduced, but heand his family were able to manage to get by.Part Four Paras 12-15 A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made itpossible for the family to enjoy their life in the country.2. Happy Moments and Events:1) growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables 2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc. 3) keeping warm inside the house in winter 4) writing freelance articles5) earning enough money while maintaining a happy family life Hardships:1) working hard both in winter and in summer 2) harsh environment and weather condition 3) anxious moments after the writer quit his job 4) cutting back on daily expenses 5) solitude Vocabulary P.14 I1.1) insurance 2) On balance 3) aside from 4) cut back 5) resist 6) haul 7) supplemented 8) sprayed 9) wicked 10) illustrated 11) budget 12) digest 13) boundary 14) get by 15) at that point2. 1) cut back / down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through 5) face up to 6) turn in 7) turning out 8) think up3.1) While farming, Benneker pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy.2) Misused words often generate misleading thoughts. 3) Lafayette Hotel is patronized by international celebrities drawn to its French food and service. 4) A person who thinks that money will do everything may well be suspected of doing everything for money. 5) A person surely has to face a good many bitter disappointments before he gets1through life. 4.1) Seeing that more and more people are concerned about the quality of their indoor environments, John is considering starting an interior decoration business. It seems certain to earn a profit, but he does not yet have enough money to invest in it. 2) This device is primarily used for the improvement of the sound quality of electronic media. It was invented in the US, but now it is used on a global scale.3) When the first settlers came to America, their household utensils consisted of a few pots, pans and some bowls stacked in one corner of the house. There wasn't much material temptation around them. They never dined out in a restaurant as we often do nowadays.II. Confusable Words1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household2. 1) doubt 2) suspected 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspectIII. Word Formation1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys 6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) searchStructure1.1) when it comes to changing your life2) when it comes to such matters as keeping the room tidy 3) when it comes to emotional intelligence 4) when it comes to managing minor matters2. 1) Not everyone agrees on what is right and what is wrong 2) but, unfortunately, money isn?t everything 3) not all Americans like them4) Not all people share the same interestsComprehensive Exercises I. Cloze(A) 1. gets by 2. temptation 3. get through 4. picked up 5. improvements 6. aside from 7. suspect 8. supplement 9. profit 10. primarily 11. spraying 12. stacking(B)1. While 2. escape 3. begin 4. Because/As 5. quit 6. start 7. on8. but (also) 9. be 10. close 11. have 12. cutting 13. cook/prepare 14. cities 15. however 16. familyII. TranslationA decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/set up a household equipment store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily because of/owing to/due to their desire to improve the quality of their lives.2But, to run a small business is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Once she could not evenpick up the phone bill and had to ask her parents to loan her some money.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.Part III Text BComprehension Checkl. a 2. c 3.d 4. b 5. a 6. c Translation (JE Appendix III) Language Practice1. In addition2. roast3. percentage4. entertainment5. cable6. at one time7. get along8. missed out on9. whip up 10. as a result 11. commute 12. rent 13. taken over 14. make sense 15. mushroomed 16. go with 17. fried 18. dizzy 19. array 20. gasped Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks Model paperRecent Changes in Chinese Family LifeGreat changes have taken place in Chinese family life in the past twenty years. In my parents? words, the difference between their childhood and mine is as vast as that between heaven and earth.When my parents were young, there was no TV, no computers nor any other electronic appliances in their home. Their food was simple and their clothing plain. What is unbelievable to young people today is that they seldom dined out in a restaurant, or traveled to a scenic spot for a holiday.In contrast to family life one generation ago, each family in China today has at least one TV set and many have been equipped with telephones, computers, even cars. While the senior members of a family watch films on TV at home, the younger members like to play computer games or talk to their friends who may live thousands of miles from them.The changes in Chinese family life mirror the economic development of our country. Without the prosperity of the whole country, our family life would probably be just the same as before. Times have changed, and changed, most would surely agree with me, for the better. (194 words)3Unit 2Part I Pre-Reading Task Script for the recording:The song you are going to listen to is called Abraham, Martin John, sung by Dion. Abraham, Martin John DionHas anybody here,Seen my old friend Abraham, Can you tell me, where he's gone, He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young, I just loohed around, And he's gone, Has anybody here,Seen my old friend John,Can you tell me, where he's gone, He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young, I just loohed around, And he' s gone, Has anybody here,Seen my old friend Martin,Can you tell me, where he's gone, He freed a lotta people,But it seems the good die young, I just looked around, And he's gone,Didn't you love the things they stood for,Didn't they try to find some good for you and me, And we'll he free,Someday soon it's gonna be one day, Has anybody here,Seen my old friend Bothy,Can you tell me, where he's gone,I thought I saw him walhin' up over the hill, With Ahrah am, Martin and John.The unit we are going to study is all about civil-rights heroes. The song you have just heard is about four of them. Can you guess who they are? All are American. All are dead, all, as the song says, \people. That's one clue. Another comes when she quotes the proverb: \young.\young. My guess is Dion has in mind Abraham Lincoln, the American president who freed the slaves and was assassi?nated. How about John, another leader who helped people to free themselves? He too died young. Can you guess who it might be? President John F. Kennedy seems most likely. He too supported civil rights. He too died young, assassinated like Lincoln.4Now who could Martin be? Another civil-rights leader who died young, once again assassi?nated. A great speaker comes to mind. Who do you think? Martin Luther King, surely. And finally, Bobby. Bobby who? Probably Dion is thinking of Bobby Kennedy, John Kennedy's brother, another supporter of civil rights. He was running for president when, like his brother before him, he too was gunned down.Part II Text A Text Organization 1.Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-5 It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America.Part Two Paras 6-23 By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Un?derground Railroad to freedom.2. Story 1 (Paras 6-10): After winning his own freedom fromslavery, John Parker helped otherslaves to escape north to Canada to get freedom.Story 2 (Paras 11-15): Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves to escape at huge risk to himself.Story 3 (Paras 16-23): By traveling the Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his desti?nation and became free at last. VocabularyI. 1. 1) decades 2) historic 3) imposed 4) racial5) slender 6) closing in on 7) settlement 8) site9) mission 10) authorized11) terminal 12) make the best of 13) exploits 14) religious 15) on the side2. 1) pass for 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on 5) let (us) down 6) draw on 7) come up 8) given up3. 1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling. 3) There's not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs.4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.5。

新目标大学英语综合教程3答案《新目标大学英语综合教程3》是一本高等学校英语教材，适用于大学本科三年级学生。

该教材分为听说、读写和翻译三个单元，内容包括听力练习、口语实践、阅读训练和写作训练。

以下是该教材的部分答案，供参考：Unit 1 Listening ComprehensionSection A1. The advantages and disadvantages of TV advertising.2. Changing people's habits.3. Candidates will be given sample tests.4. Suppose it is difficult in the beginning.5. There should be more than one way to live your life.Section B1. They are discussing whether they should go to the library or watch TV.2. She finds it hard to concentrate on studying.3. She likes watching TV because she can learn new things from it.4. Watching TV makes them feel relaxed.5. She suggests they do something else, such as listening to music or playing basketball.Unit 2 Listening ComprehensionSection A1. The importance of streamlining.2. The transportation sector.3. Outsourcing.4. No more than 15%.5. A company's ability to customize its products.Section B1. Countries and regions.2. The local cuisine and shopping.3. The wild west and New York.4. The rainforest and the Sunshine State.Unit 3 Listening ComprehensionSection A1. Responsible Tourism.2. By offering experienced guides.3. Checking the data carefully.4. By equipping themselves.5. Relationships with local businesses.Section B1. It means getting involved in activities and programs in the local community.2. Helping local communities generate income from tourism.3. Building schools in the local area.4. Sustainable tourism.5. It helps protect the environment and support the local economy.以上是《新目标大学英语综合教程3》部分答案的示范。

Unit 7 Making a Living Text A Life of a Salesman Part II Text A V ocabulary: 1) disabled 2) impatient 3) solitary 4) crushed 5) feel like 6) lashed 7) echoing 8) paused 9) betrayed 10) laundry 11) section 12) tilted 2. 1) cared for 2) hang on 3) was laid up with 4) are gaining on 5) kicked up 6) went off 7) drop ... off 8)straighten out 3. 1) … sometimes didn't register with her. 2)… in disorder, drawers pulled out, shoes and boots scattered. 3)… was transferred from Father's account to my account. 4)… a pledge to contribute 1000,000dollars to the Children in Needed charity campaign. that province. 5)… the most profitable business in 4. 1) gaining on; off balance; was laid up in; scar on 2) a cripple\ crippled ; surgery , limitations, in literature. 3) commission ; on the phone ; his territory ; never registers with II. Usage 1.I never did go over these books, although I probably should have. 2.I know this is a personal question. You don't have to answer me if you don't want to. 3.I think this topic should have attracted far more attention from philosophers than it has. 4."I think you're right." — "I'm sure I am." —"Well, it might be." 5."He thought that the condition was hereditary in his case." 6."Sugar?" ---- "No. Maybe next time." 7.The house is only a building. It is a place to live, nothing more. THER: Oh, yes. 8.DIANE: Y ou didn't! Tell me you didn't! FAAnything for my children. III. Word Family1.1) bored 2) boredom 3) bored 4) boringly 5) boring 2. 1) encouraged 2) encouragingly 3) encouraging 4) encouragement 3. 1) frozen 2) freeze 3) freezing 4) freezer 5) freeze Comprehensive ExercisesI Cloze 1. Text-related 1) off … feet 2) signature 3) commission 4) on the phone 5) laid up 6) surgery 7) territory 8) disorder 9) applying for 10) dignity 2. Theme-related 1）didn didn’’t 2) read 3) come 4) money 5) because 6) earning 7) doing 8) own 9) obviously 10) value II. Translation1. I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday. 2. The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12months. 3. Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder. 4. I ’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work lately, I feel like taking a vacation at the seaside. 5. 5. Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations--- Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations--- for example, you don ’t have your own gardens. 6. Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless. Early in his childhood, he learned that unless he so exerted himself as to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living on his own, he could not win/gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pa for his dignity as a human being. Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down, before he finally got one as a delivery boy for Pizza Hut. He then worked as a sales representative for a sportswear company in a territory no one else would want. Today he owns a fairly profitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him. 。

参考译文参考译文Unit 1 Changes in the Way We Live Text A Content Questions ( P10 ) 1. Write and live on a farm. 2. Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. They have enough eggs, honey and wood. They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. Besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter. 3. No. Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough. 4. They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March. 5. When When the the the first first first spring spring spring came, came, came, it it it brought brought brought two two two floods. floods. The The second second second flood flood flood refers refers refers to to to the the the good good harvest in the growing season. 6. He decided to quit his job and start to freelance. 7. He has to crawl into black bear dens for “Sports Illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for “Smithsonian” magazine, c 8. he heck ck ck out out out the the the Lake Lake Lake Champlain Champlain Champlain “monster” “monster” “monster” for for for “Science “Science “Science Digest”, Digest”, Digest”, and and and canoe canoe canoe through through through the the Boundary Waters Wilderness area of Minnesota for “Destinations”.9. As for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’s major -medical policy and the policy on their two cars. 10. They They cut cut cut back back back their their their expenses without expenses without appreciably appreciably lowering lowering lowering their their their standard standard standard of of of living. living. For example, they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. They still attend the opera and ballet but only a few times a year. They They eat less meat, drink cheaper wine eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies. 11. A tolerance for solitude and lots of energy . 12. They will leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what they have been able to accomplish. 13. They chose to to live live live in in in the the the country country country because because because they want they want to to improve improve improve the the the quality quality quality of of of their their their lives. lives. Y es, they have finally realized their dreams. Text Organization ( P11 ) Part Part One One (paragraphs (paragraphs 11—3) The The writer writer writer views views views his his his life life life in in in the the the country country country as as as a a a self-reliant self-reliant self-reliant and and satisfying one. Part Two (paragraphs 4—7 ) Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard. Part Three (paragraphs (paragraphs 88—11) —11) After After After quitting quitting quitting his his his job, job, job, the writer’s the writer’s income was reduced, reduced, but but but he he and his family were able to manage to get by . Part Four (paragraphs 12—15 ) A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country . Happy Moments and Events 1) growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables 2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc. 3) keeping warm inside the house in winter 4) writing freelance articles 5) earning enough money while maintaining a happy family life Hardships 1) working hard both in winter and in summer 2) harsh environment and weather condition 3) anxious moments after the writer quit his job 4) cutting back on daily expenses 5) solitude V ocabulary 1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. ( P15 ) 1) on balance 2) resist 3) haul 4) wicked 5) illustrated 6) budget 7) lowering 8) boundary 9) involved 10)economic 11) blasting 12) just about 2. 2. Now Now Now use use use the the the verb verb verb in in in brackets brackets brackets to to to form form form an an an appropriate appropriate appropriate phrasal phrasal phrasal verb verb verb you you you have have have learned learned learned and and complete the sentence with it. ( P16 ) 1) cut back / down 2）pick up 3）get by 4) get through 5）face up to 6）turn in 7）making up for 8）think up 3. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. （P17 ）1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy. 2) often generate misleading thoughts. 3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work. 4) be suspected of doing everything for money. 5) before he gets through life. 4. Complete the sentences, using the words or phrases in brackets ( P17 ) 1. their indoor a profit to invest in 2. device the improvement on a global scale 3. stacked temptation never dined out Confusable Use ( P18 ) 1. house 2. home 3. home family 4. household 1. doubt 2. suspected 3. doubted 4. suspected 5. suspect Word Formation ( P19 ) 1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows and whys 6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) search Cloze 1. Text-related ( P20 ) 1) gets by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvement 5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) profit 9) stacking 2. Theme-related ( P21 ) 1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough 6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) ideal Translation 1. Translate the sentences into English ( P21 ) 1) We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it is fairly minor. 2) My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over responsibility for my upbringing at that point. 3) the toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4) Radio Radio and and and television television television have have have supplemented supplemented supplemented rather rather rather than than than replaced replaced replaced the the the newspaper newspaper newspaper as carriers as carriers of new and opinion. 5) When When it it it comes comes comes to to to this this this magazine, magazine, magazine, it it it is is is a a a digest digest digest of of of articles articles articles from from from many many many newspapers newspapers newspapers and and magazines around the world. 2. Translate the passage into English ( P21 ) A decade decade ago, ago, ago, Nancy Nancy Nancy did did did what what what so so so many many many Americans Americans Americans dream dream dream about. about. She She quit quit quit an an an executive executive position and opened a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives. But, But, to to to run run run a a a business business business on on on a a a small small small scale scale scale is is is by by by no no no means means means an an an easy easy easy job. job. Without Without her her her steady steady income, income, Nancy Nancy Nancy had had had to cut to cut back back on on on her her her daily daily daily expenses. expenses. Sometimes she did did not not not even even even have have have the the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Fortunately, Fortunately, through through through her her her own own own hard work, hard work, she she has has has now now now got got got through through through the the the most most most difficult difficult difficult time. time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life. Text B 1. Choose the best answer for each of the following. ( P27 ) 1—6. a c d b a c Translate into Chinese the underlined sentences in the essay ( P28 ) 1. 什么？什么？ 你说那听起来不像你府上的生活？其实，不仅仅是你一个人这么想。

Unit 1Active reading (1)Catching crabsLanguage points1 … and we all started to get our heads down … (Para 1)To get one’s head down means to concentrate and focus on studying. In other British informal contexts,it can mean to sleep. Note also, to keep one’s head down means to continue to do something quietly,especially when there is trouble happening around you.Unit 1 Discovering yourself2 Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. (Para 1)This is a conversational elliptical sentence. A standard way of saying this is: The most important things,of course, were the final exams in April and May in the following year.3 No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hardwas strong. (Para 1)Peer group pressure is the pressure to conform that people, especially children and young people, oftenfeel from the immediate group of those around them who are of the same age or status.4 Libraries ... were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bagsunder their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. (Para 1)The expression standing room only means there are no more seats available because the place is crowded.This expression is often used in public performances, for sports events and on public transport to meanthat you have to stand because the place is packed with people.Bags under their eyes refer to loose dark areas of skin that you get when you have not had enough sleep.The expression guys wore the bags under their eyes with pride means that the students were proud thattheir tired appearance showed how hard they had been studying, and the bags under their eyes were likemedals.5 It wasn’t always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they weregoing to do. (Para 2)A high flyer refers to someone who has achieved a lot and has the ability and determination to continue tobe successful in their studies or job. In university, a high flyer is a top student.6 Quite often it was the quieter, less impressive students who had the next stages of their life mappedout. (Para 2)To have something mapped out means to have something that will happen planned in detail.7 One had landed a job in his brother’s advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a scriptunder provisional acceptance in Hollywood. (Para 2)To land a job means to get a job that you wanted.Provisional acceptance refers to an acceptance which is arranged (in principle), but is not yet definite. Itis temporary and could be changed.8 The most ambitious student among us was going to work as a party activist at a local level. (Para 2)A party activist is someone who takes part in activities that are intended to achieve political change,someone who is a member of a political organization.9 We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. (Para 2) To end up somewhere means to be in a particular place or state after doing something or because of it.Here, a party activist might end up in Congress, as a result of making career progress.10 But most people were either looking to continue their studies … and then settle down with a family,a mortgage and some hope of promotion. (Para 2)To look to continue their studies here means to hope or expect to continue their studies – whether theycan do so would probably depend on their exam results and grades. You can also look to someone forhelp, advice or support.Discovering yourself Unit 1A mortgage is a legal agreement in which you borrow money from a bank or financial organization inorder to buy a house. You pay back your mortgage by making monthly payments, plus interest. Thus,getting a mortgage for many young people means getting a flat or house of their own.11 I braced myself for some resistance to the idea. (Para 10)A brace is a piece of wood or metal which supports an object so that it doesnot fall down. So to braceoneself means to hold oneself together in readiness for something difficult or unpleasant.12 You don’t need to go into a career which pays well just at the moment. (Para 16)To go into a career means to start working in a particular job, business or career.13 Several times the crab tried to defy his fellow captives, without luck. (Para 25)The crab tried to defy the others as it resisted others or refused to obey them when it tried to escape.The expression without luck means without success, being unable to do what you want.Reading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of what happened in the crab cage.3 The cage was full of crabs. One of them was trying to escape, but each time it reached the top the othercrabs pulled it back. In the end it gave up trying and started to prevent other crabs from escaping.4 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What happened to the students in the fall of the final year?(a) They became more relaxed.(b) They became more serious.(c) They spent more time outside.(d) They stopped going to lessons.2 Why did some people have bags under their eyes in the morning?(a) They’d been to an all-night party.(b) They’d started worrying about their future.(c) They’d spent all night in the library.(d) They wanted to impress their teachers.3 Which students had already planned their future?(a) The ones who had the best grades.(b) The ones who came from wealthy families.(c) The quieter ones who didn’t have the best grades.(d) The ones who wanted to get married and start a family.4 Why did the writer go home?(a) He wanted to speak to his father.(b) He could study better at home than at college.(c) He had to attend a job interview.(d) It was a national holiday.Unit 1 Discovering yourself5 Why did his father take him out to catch crabs?(a) They needed to get something to eat for dinner.(b) He wanted to show him how to catch crabs.(c) He wanted to tell him something about life.(d) They both wanted to enjoy the coastline and the sea.6 What advice did his father give him?(a) Get to know yourself better.(b) Watch what others do carefully.(c) Always listen to your father.(d) You can’t always do what you want.Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 achieving good results (productive)2 the fact of being present at an event, or of going regularly to school, church etc (attendance)3 the refusal to accept something new, such as a plan, idea, or change (resistance)4 determined to be successful, rich, famous etc (ambitious)5 agreement to a plan, offer, or suggestion (acceptance)6 the written words of a play, film, television programme, speech etc (script)7 very good, large, or showing great skill (impressive)6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. To be a successful film scriptwriter takes more than training although (1) attendance on a screenwritingcourse will definitely help you learn the skills. You also need to be very (2) ambitious – the film businessis very competitive. You have to be prepared to work hard and be very (3) productive because it takesmore than just one good idea to make it big. No matter how (4) impressive your idea is, there willalways be (5) resistance from producers because it’s too expensive. So make sure you have plenty ofothers to show them. What are you waiting for? Get on with writing that brilliant(6) script and plan your(7) acceptance speech for when you win your first Oscar!7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 We’ve seen a place we like and we’re applying for a loan to buy a house. (mortgage)2 We stood on the top floor of the boat and watched the coast disappear into the horizon. (deck)3 I love to walk along the beach and watch the waves breaking, and the white water hitting the shore. (surf)4 In seaside areas in the north-east of the country, life is hard and fishermen have to go against the forcesof nature every time they go to work. (coastal; defy)5 Agreement was finally reached after a long and heated discussion. (lengthy)8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If you watch an impromptu performance of something, has it (a) been prepared, or (b) not beenprepared?2 When you map out your future, do you (a) plan it carefully, or (b) draw a sketch of it on paper?Discovering yourself Unit 13 If you brace yourself for something unpleasant, do you (a) try not to think about it, or (b) prepareyourself for it mentally and physically?4 Do you moor a boat by (a) turning the steering wheel, or (b) tying it to a post with a rope?5 Is a rusty piece of metal something that (a) is bright and shiny, or (b) might have been left out in the rainand is covered with brown substance?6 If a bowl is brimming with soup, is it (a) very full, or (b) half empty?7 If someone is being held captive, are they (a) free to do as they please, or(b) being kept as a prisoner?8 If you have figured out something, have you (a) added numbers together, or(b) understood it?Active reading (2)2 Work in pairs. Look at the title of the passage and choose the best way to complete the sentences.1 The passage will be (c) .(a) a newspaper article about life expectancy(b) a sad story about death(c) advice about how to make the most of your life(d) a warning that modern lifestyles are bad for healthUnit 1 Discovering yourself122 The passage is likely to be (d) .(a) serious(b) funny(c) depressing(d) a mixture of all three3 The passage is likely to say (b) .(a) young people don’t think enough about death(b) life is short(c) people are dying unnecessarily(d) people don’t enjoy life enoughWe are all dyingBackground informationThe passage is taken from Everything That Happens to Me Is Good, a book of thoughts, experiences andinsights from the life of Geoff Thompson. The writer worked in many different jobs, including nine yearsas a “bouncer”in a nightclub in London (a bouncer has the tough job of making sure that no one causestrouble, eg if they are rude, drunk or violent). He then trained full-time in karate, judo and other martial artsand became well-known as a martial arts instructor. He lived out his dream to become a writer, authoringover 30 books on self-defence and self-improvement and has recently been making films and writing for thescreen. Asked what he had learnt from his years in martial arts, he said, “The main thing I’ve learned is thatwherever there is discomfort there is growth, but what people do is to look for growth in areas of comfort –and there’s no growth in comfort. So look for areas of growth that are uncomfortable but allow you to grow,and learn to become comfortable in those areas.”Language points1 I have some good news and some bad news for you (as the joke goes). The bad news – and I’m verysorry to be the bearer – is that we are all dying. It’s true. I’ve checked it out. (Para 1)Good news and bad news are often paired together in jokes and in comments on new information or recentevents where there is a mixture of positive and negative aspects, eg The good news is … But the badnews is …To check something out means to examine something or someone in order to be certain that everything iscorrect, true, satisfactory or acceptable. Check this out! is anattention-getting exclamation which meanshere’s something interesting to have a look at.2 … we are all going to be either coffin dwellers or trampled ash in the rose garden of some localcemetery. (Para 1)Coffin is a long box in which a dead person is buried. The expression coffin dweller is a humorous way torefer to dead people.The expression trampled ash in the rose garden of some local cemetery refers jokingly to the ashes of adead person placed in a cemetery garden where people walk on the buried ashes.Discovering yourself Unit 1133 After all, we never quite know when the hooded, scythe-carrying,bringer-of-the-last-breath mightcome-a-calling. (Para 1)The expression the hooded, scythe-carrying, bringer-of-the-last breath refers to the reaper, a person whoreaps or cuts corn for the harvest and is a symbol of death from medieval times of the West. A reaper ispersonified as a tall figure dressed in a black cloak with a hood covering his face and carrying a scythe,a cutting tool with a long curved metal blade used for cutting, or reaping long grass or corn. The reaperbrings death or brings your last breath. The expression when the reaper arrives means when death comesto you.4 … and nothing underlines the uncertainty and absolute frailty of humanity like the untimely exit ofa friend. (Para 1)The word exit here means leaving this world or death. The word untimely means happening at a time thatis not suitable because it causes problems. An untimely death is too soon or when a person is young.5 Knowing that we are all budding crypt-kickers takes away all the uncertainty of life. (Para 3)That we are all budding crypt-kickers is a humorous way of saying that we are all potentially soon to beburied, ie dead.6 The prologue and epilogue are already typed in. All that’s left is the middle bit ... choose the meat ofthe story. (Para 3)A prologue is a piece of writing at the start of a book, or the beginning of a play, film or TV programmethat introduces a story. An epilogue is at the end of a novel, play or piece of writing, which carries an extracomment or extra information about what happens after the main story. Here, the writer’s point is that theprologue (birth) and epilogue (end, death) of your life are already written, but we all choose to write themiddle bit –the meat of the story.7 So, all those plans that you have on the back burner, you know, the great things you’re going to dowith your life “when the time is right”? (Para 4)A back burner is literally one of the back parts of a cooker which is used forheating or cooking food.Metaphorically, if you put something on the back burner, it means you have decided not to do it untillater. It is at the back of the cooker, just simmering or cooking slowly, so you don’t give it priority becauseit doesn’t need your full attention. The expression this back-burner stuff (Para 10) thus refers to thingswhich have low priority and get little attention.8 There’s only a promissory note that we are often not in a position to cash. (Para 5)A promissory note is a document giving details of your promise to pay someone a particular amount ofmoney by a particular date. The writer means that tomorrow, or the future, is like a promissory note forwhich you never get the cash, because the future never comes unless you act now and use time wisely, asif tomorrow is today.9 …but regret and a rear-view mirror full of “could haves”, “should haves”and “would haves”. (Para 5)A rear-view mirror is a mirror fixed to the front window of a car that lets the driver see what is happeningbehind. Here, the mirror refers to the past, which is behind us. We don’t want such a mirror full of regretsabout things we could / should / would have done, but did not do.Unit 1 Discovering yourself1410 I love watching people ingeniously stack the cucumber around the side of the bowl – like they’refilling a skip –and then cramming it so high that they have to hire a forklift truck to get it back tothe table … They just know that they only have one shot at it. (Para 6)A skip is a large metal container used in the building industry for waste; it is carried away by a truckwhen it is full.A forklift truck is a vehicle that uses two long metal bars at the front for lifting and moving heavy objects.The writer is using the images of a skip and a truck to emphasize how people use the opportunity to servethemselves, because they only have one shot –they only have one chance or attempt, they can’t return formore salad in this type of buffet, so they make the most of this opportunity.11 So what I’m thinking is (and this is not molecular science) … (Para 10) It means this is not specialized knowledge. It’s not rocket science; it’s simple and straightforward.12 The right time is the cheque that’s permanently in the post, it never arrives. (Para 10)That the cheque is in the post means money has been sent, its on its way. This is often said as an excusefor late payment, so if the cheque’s permanently in the post, it means the money never comes.13 It’s the girl who keeps us standing at the corner of the Co-op looking likea spanner … She’s stoodus up. (Para 10)The expression looking like a spanner on the street corner means he looks awkward and out of place,waiting for a girl who is late and never arrives.To stand someone up means not to come to meet them when you have arranged to meet them, especiallysomeone with whom you are having or starting a romantic relationship. The word us is an informal andpersonal way to include others who will recognize that this is a typical experience.14 Act now or your time will elapse and you’ll end up as a sepia-coloured relative that no one can puta name to in a dusty photo album. (Para 13)The expression you’ll end up as a sepia-coloured relative means that in the end you will be only anold half-forgotten photograph in a photo album. I can’t put a name to someone is said when you halfrecognizea person but you can’t quite remember his name.15 Better to leave a biography as thick as a whale omelette than an epitaph. (Para 14)An omelette is flat round food made by mixing eggs together and cooking them. The expression as thickas a whale means extremely thick. The writer means it is better to leave a very large biography than anepitaph, or, in other words, live a full life which is worth writing about. Reading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of the passage.3 Life is short. So there’s no point in planning for a future which may never come. Now is the time to dowhat we want to do. There’s no time to lose.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 involving three things of the same kind (triple)2 an area of ground where dead people are buried (cemetery)Discovering yourself Unit 1153 the part of a place or thing that is at the back (rear)4 a book that someone writes about someone else’s life (biography)5 to put people or things into a space that is too small (cram)6 at the very beginning of a career and likely to be successful at it (budding)7 continuing only for a limited time or distance (finite)8 to pass (elapse)5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.1 About two hours elapsed before we reached the cemetery where the war dead were buried.2 I sat in the rear seat behind the driver. My three sisters were all crammed in the front.3 The entrance to the car park was blocked, so the road was full of cars which had been triple-parked oneagainst another, making it almost impossible to get past.4 We have a number of budding authors in our class this year, one of whom has written a fascinatingbiography of his grandmother.5 The time we have on this earth may be finite, but there are no limits to the human imagination.6 Answer the questions about the words.1 If you substantiate a claim, do you (a) prove it is true, or (b) persuade someone that it is true?2 If someone tramples over something, do they (a) pour water over it, or (b) walk all over it?3 If someone’s arrival is untimely, is it (a) at the wrong moment, or (b) late?4 If events are described chronologically, do they occur (a) in the order in which they happened, or (b) inno particular order?5 Is ingeniously likely to mean (a) artistically, or (b) cleverly?6 Is knackered an informal British word meaning (a) very relaxed, or (b) extremely tired?7 Is patently likely to mean (a) obviously, or (b) usually?8 When something is allotted to you, is it (a) given to you, or (b) taken from you?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 If you check something out, do you (a) find out, or (b) not think about it?2 If you see something from the sidelines, do you (a) take part in the action, or (b) stay away from it?3 If something is down to you, is it your (a) bad luck, or (b) responsibility?4 If you have something on the back burner, (a) will you look at it later, or(b) are you interested in itnow?5 If you are in a position to do something, are you (a) able, or (b) unable to do it?6 If time is ticking away, does it seem (a) as if it will last forever, or (b) to be passing quickly?7 If you can have one shot at something, (a) are you allowed to shoot it, or(b) do you have only onechance to do it?8 If you make the best of something, do you (a) enjoy it while you can, or (b) work hard to make it asuccess?9 If a girl stands you up, does she (a) fail to turn up for a date, or (b) refuse to sit down when you askher to?Language in useword formation: compound words1 Find more examples of each use of hyphens in the passage We are all dying . • I’ve double- and triple-checked it. (compound verb)• budding crypt-kickers (compound noun)• a rear-view mirror (compound adjective)• the once-a-year holiday to Florida or Spain (compound adjective)• back-burner stuff (compound adjective)• standing at the corner of the Co-op (compound noun)• a sepia-coloured relative that no one can put a name to (compound adjective) 2 Rewrite the phrases using compound adjectives.1 a party which is held late at night (a late-night party)2 a library which is well stocked (a well-stocked library)3 a professor who is world famous (a world-famous professor)4 some advice which is well timed (some well-timed advice)5 a population which is growing rapidly (a rapidly-growing population)6 an economy which is based on free market (a free-market economy)7 a boat trip which lasts for half an hour (a half-hour boat trip)It’s what / how … that …3 Rewrite the sentences using It’s what / how … that …1 What other people think of us is determined by how we behave.It’s how we behave that determines what other people think of us.Unit 1 Discovering yourself202 What sort of job we are going to end up doing is usually determined by our character.It’s what our character is that usually determines what sort of job we are going to end up doing.3 What we do as a career isn’t always determined by the marks we get at university.It isn’t always what marks we get at university that determine what we do asa career.4 How we react to life’s problems is often determined by our childhood experiences.It is often what we experienced in our childhood that determines how we react to life’s problems.5 When we die is determined by our genetic clock, and the changes we make to it.It’s what our genetic clock is and what changes we make to it that determine when we die.It is / was not just that … but …4 Rewrite the sentences using It is / was not just that … but …1 Not only were the shops all closed for Thanksgiving, there was also no one in the streets.It wasn’t just that the shops were all closed for Thanksgiving, but there was no one in the streets.2 Not only did she spend all her time at college going to parties, she also took the time to gain a first-classdegree.It wasn’t just that she spent all her time at college going to parties, but she took the time to gain a firstclassdegree.3 Not only were they not listening to what he said, it also seemed as if they weren’t at all interested.It wasn’t just that they weren’t listening to what he said, but it seemed as if they weren’t at all interested.4 Not only was I upset, I also felt as if I was going to burst out crying. It wasn’t just that I was upset, but I felt as if I was going to burst out crying.5 Not only was the Grim Reaper intended to frighten people, it was also a figure of fun.It wasn’t just that the Grim Reaper was intended to frighten people, but it was also a figure of fun.collocations5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 settle When you settle somewhere you go there to stay.(a) Where is dust likely to settle in a room?On the surfaces that aren’t used very often or aren’t cleaned.(b) If you settle an argument, is the conclusion satisfactory?Yes, it is, because the disagreement is solved and each party is satisfied with the outcome.(c) If you settle the bill, what is there left to pay?Nothing, because you have paid everything that is owed.(d) What do you do when you settle back to watch a film?We relax in a comfortable chair and enjoy it.2 smooth This word can mean flat or soft, comfortable, easy or confident.(a) If the sea is smooth, are you likely to feel seasick?No, because the sea is calm. We will feel seasick if it is rough.Discovering yourself Unit 121(b) If a changeover from one government to the next is smooth, are there lots of problems?No, because the changeover has gone well, without difficulties.(c) Is it a good idea to trust a smooth talker?Not necessarily, because some people who talk confidently like that do so to trick you, like aconfidence trickster or conman.3 offer This word can refer to something you would like someone to take, something someone gives, orsomething that is for sale.(a) If you decline an offer, do you say “yes” or “no”?We say “no”, because we are refusing it.(b) If you offer an apology to someone for something you have done, what do you say?We should say, “I apologize” or “I’m sorry”.(c) Where are you likely to see special offer?In a shop, because the shop is offering a special price or reduction for something.(d) If someone has a lot to offer, what kind of person are they?They are intelligent, talented, gifted or creative and they will bring these kinds of qualities to their work.4 bear If you bear something you carry or bring it. If you cannot bear something, you dislike it or cannotaccept it.(a) If you bear something in mind, do you forget it?No, we will remember it and consider it for a particular occasion in future.(b) If you bear a resemblance to someone, in what way are you like them? We look similar in certain physical features.(c) Is there anything you can’t bear to think about?I can’t bear to think too much about some of the problems in the world, famine, war, poverty etc. Inthe modern world, why don’t we just solve them?5 resistance This word can refer to the refusal to accept something new, the ability not to be harmed bysomething, or opposition to someone or something.(a) If there is resistance to an idea, do people accept it?No, not easily. They refuse to accept the idea maybe because it’s just a bad idea, or they may changetheir mind if they understand it better.(b) If the soldiers met with resistance, what happened?The soldiers met opposition from those they were fighting against.(c) Is there a way to build up your resistance to cold?Yes, we can keep ourselves as healthy as possible with a good diet and getting enough exercise sothat we are less likely to catch a cold, or if we do get one, we won’t suffer so badly.6 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.1 We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like thisagain, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams inApril and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so thepeer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five o’clock in theafternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags undertheir eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. (☞and guys worethe bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride …这句的动词wear 后面带两个宾语，中Unit 1 Discovering yourself22文找不到能带这两个宾语的动词，故处理成四个中文短句；翻译like medals proving their diligence时，采用“增词法”增加“这些”来概括前面所描写的“眼袋”，“脸色苍白”，“睡眼惺忪”等，使译文含义更加清晰流畅。

Unit 1 Changes in the Way We LiveText AText Organization ( P11 )Part One (paragraphs 1—3) The writer views his life in the country as aself-reliant and satisfying one.Part Two (paragraphs 4—7 ) Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard. Part Three (paragraphs 8—11) After quitting his job, the writer’s income wasreduced, but he and his family were able to manageto get by.Part Four (paragraphs 12—15 ) A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy havemade it possible for the family to enjoy their life inthe country.Happy Moments and Events1)growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables2)canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc.3)keeping warm inside the house in winter4)writing freelance articles5)earning enough money while maintaining a happy family lifeHardships1)working hard both in winter and in summer2)harsh environment and weather condition3)anxious moments after the writer quit his job4)cutting back on daily expenses5)solitudeVocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. ( P15 )1)on balance 2) resist 3) haul 4) wicked5) illustrated 6) budget 7) lowering 8) boundary9) involved 10)economic 11) blasting 12) just about2. Now use the verb in brackets to form an appropriate phrasal verb you have learned and complete the sentence with it. ( P16 )1)cut back / down 2）pick up3）get by 4) get through5）face up to 6）turn in7）making up for 8）think up3. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. （P17 ）1)pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy.2)often generate misleading thoughts.3)attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work.4)be suspected of doing everything for money.5)before he gets through life.4. Complete the sentences, using the words or phrases in brackets ( P17 )1. their indoor a profit to invest in2. device the improvement on a global scale3. stacked temptation never dined outConfusable Words ( P18 )1.house2.Home3.home family4.household1.doubt2.suspected3.doubted4.suspected5.suspectWord Formation ( P19 )1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows and whys6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) searchCloze1. Text-related ( P20 )1) gets by 2) temptation 3) get through4) improvements 5) aside from 6) suspect7) supplement 8) profit 9) stacking2. Theme-related ( P21 )1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit4) world 5) tough 6) fuels7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance10) idealTranslation1. Translate the sentences into English ( P21 )1)We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it is fairly minor.2)My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of myhometown took over responsibility for my upbringing at that point.3)The toys have to meet strict/tough safety requirements before they can besold to children.4)Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaperas carriers of news and opinion.5)When it comes to this magazine, it is/carries a digest of articles from manynewspapers and magazines around the world.2. Translate the passage into English ( P21 )A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.Unit 2 Civil-Rights HeroesTEXT ATEXT ORGANIZATION(p41)1.Part One Paras 1-5 It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves byforging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rightsstruggles in America.Part Two Paras 6-23 By citing examples the author praises the exploits of civil-rightsheroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad tofreedom.2.Story 1 (Paras 6-10): After winning his own freedom from slavery, John Parkerhelped otherslaves to escape north to Canada to get freedom.Story 2 (Paras 11-15): Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man LeviCoffin helped black slaves to escape at huge risk to himself. Story 3 (Paras 16-23): By traveling the Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reachedhis destination and became free at last.VOCABULARYI.1. (p44)1)decades 2)historic 3)imposed 4)religious 5) slender 6) web7)bade 8)site 9)on the side 10)authorized 11)terminal 12) make the best of2.(p45)1) went through 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on5) let (us) down 6) draw on 7) fall into 8) pass for3.(p46)1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein , staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling.3) There’s not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs.4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.4.(p47)1). As for, do not compel, capture of , have forged2) At huge risk, the mission, shelter3) who abolished, In the eyes of, racialII. Words with Multiple Meaning(p47)1.I’ll tell you in a minute how I have attained the genuine sense of belonging inAmerica, but first let me hear about your French trip.2.Most McDonald’s look almost the same on the outside, but actually there areabout 16 different basic designs.3.Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to getthrough a financial crisis.4.This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble; it’s always breaking down.5.In your resume you’ve mentioned everything but one vital point.6.Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem.7.I am sorry, but I think you shouldn’t have lingered on over coffee and missed thelast bus.8.The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignorance.III. USAGE(p49)1. lonely2. friendly3. weekly, monthly4. lovely5. cowardly6. kindly/ saintly7. lively 8. motherlyCOMPREHENSIVE EXERCISESI.CLOZE(p50)1.1) forged 2) stand up3) compelled 4) convictions5) mission 6) abolish7) intent on 8) risk9) In the eyes of 10) threats2.1) assistance 2) involved3) estimated 4) coincidence5) emerged 6) referred7) numerous 8) stationed9) concern 10) captureII.TRANSLATION(p51)1.1)Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we arestill confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.2)Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherishedvillage and move to the new settlement.3)According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may bemotivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials.4)Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river,the old man reported to the police at once.5)Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to likegenetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.2.Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting assistedfugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement in Dresden, Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.Unit 3 SecurityText AText Organization(p69)1.2.1) Doors are not left unlocked either in cities or in rural areas.2) Dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires are widely in use.3) Suburban families have steel bars built in sliding glass doors.4) Small notices warning against burglary are commonly seen pasted on the windows of the most pleasant of homes.5) Access cards are required of those who work with medium to large-size companies.6) Airport security uses electronic X-ray equipment to guard against terrorism.7) Businessmen employ new machines linked up to their telephone to help determine whether the caller is telling lies or not.8) Suburban housewives wear rape whistles on their key chains.Language FocusVocabulary (p72)I.1.1) threathens 2) by a small margin 3) civilize4) closed up 5) wandered 6) paste7) without so much as 8) sideways 9) hook up to10) universal 11) chart 12) Bathed in2.1) narrowed down 2) looked back on 3) cut off4) fit into 5) wear (the other) down 6) lies in7) put up 8) stand for3. 1) A certain gene which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found by2) era, hooked up to the, the electronic3) the suburb, a sophisticated, system, analyze, make errorsII. Collocation(p75)1. away2. inside/in3. forward/through4. back5. off6. home7. back, down 8. in, outIII. Usage(p76)1.Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be.2.Most men do not look unattractive in them.3.Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment.4.This claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violent crimes.5.His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life.Comprehensive Exercises(p77)I. Cloze1.1. Statistics2. rural3. era4. stood for5. on the latch6. vulnerable7. barriers 8. electronic9. reflection2.1. tougher2. liable3. shift4. electric5. cautious6. sophisticated7. thieves 8. break9. chances 10. signsII. Translation(p78)1.1).The Internet is changing the way people live, no matter whether they are in urban orrural areas.2).Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the globaleconomic crisis than large ones.3).With regard to our term papers, the professor asked us to analyze the chart ofunemployment first, and then provide critical reflections on the nation’s economic development.4).It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a largemargin.5).Looking back on my twenty years’ teaching in high school, I attributed my success topatience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.2.It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes, thus exposing him to police patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/assure yourself that you don’t leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.Unit 4 Was Einstein a Space Alien?1). He felt all the pressure and responsibility of any young husband and father.2). Galison: If Einstein hadn’t been born, his 1905 papers would have been written insome form by others.3). Other physicists like Max Planck, more senior and experienced than Einstein, wereclosing in on the answer, but he got there first.4). Einstein himself credited his discoveries to imagination and questioning more sothan orthodox intelligence.5). He failed in producing a unified field theory.6). His brain looked much like any other.Language FocusVocabulary1. (P. 104)1) accordingly 2) loose3) concentration 4) stimulating5) fabric 6) if anything7) reality 8) intuition9) trifle 10) at the turn of the century11) mess 12) undermineII. Collocation (P. 106-107)1.With Christmas only a week away2.With his physical condition improving day by day3.With our GDP growing steadily4.With all the shops closed5.with her eyes closedComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze (P. 108-109)1. (P. 109)1.The volunteers sent/assigned by the Red Cross disinfected , with great caution,the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague.2.Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism andgravity but failed.3.Professor Wang received / won the Presidential Award fro his excellence instimulating students’ creative imagination.4.As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn’t approve ofthe economic stimulus package.5.Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to theconclusion that he had to face reality and meet the challenge by himself.2. (P. 110)What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the United Nations declared it “The World Year of Physics”. It was the 100th anniversary of Einstein’s theory of relativity and the 50th anniversary of his death. In 1905 Einstein published five highly important essays in the history of science, thus revolutionizing physics. His great achievement can be credited to his impressive powers of imagination, constant questioning, and not giving a fig for authority. It is beyond doubt that Einstein was the greatest scientist in the 20th century.Unit 5 Giving ThanksLanguage FocusVocabulary(p149)1. 1) sprinkled2) in turnII. Collocation (p151)1, fond of 2. sick of3. thoughtful of4. confident of5. conscious of6. critical of7. guilty of of■III. Usage (p152)1.To know what people really think, pay regard to what they do, rather than whatthey say.2.It is cooperation, rather than conflict, that will enable you to achieve yoursuccess.3.Ann made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think.4.I think I'll stay at home this evening rather than go / going out.5.Most people are content to let perfect days happen at random rather than plan /planning for them.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze (p153)(A)1) at sea2) Turning over3) reverse4) got to5) repay6) gratitude7) assembled8) immersed in9) unloading 10) swift(B)1) Instead 2) possessions3) richer4) breath5) cherish6) special7) specific8) shining9) miracles 10) giftII. Translation (p154)1.1)Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot ofrice.2)I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.3)The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zonesin China.4)Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.5)Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. Y ou can consider having him asyour lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.2.Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf. George's father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying "Gratitude is the sign of noble souls" and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.Unit 6 The Human TouchText AText Organization1.1).She made up her mind to die when the last leaf fell.2).She decided not to give up her life.3).Behrman, a kind neighbor, who was aware of Johnsy's state of mind, risked death topaint the last leaf and save her.4).Because it was so perfect the girls both mistook it for the real thing.2.Vocabulary1. 1) masterpieces 2) fragile3) fancy 4) nonsense5) cling to 6)endure7) acute 8) whistle9) mock 10) subtracted11) Sin 12) flutter/fluttering2)called to us , in a whisper , in tune with,3)backward, was wet through,4)won't hear of , turn loose yourII. Words with Multiple Meanings (P. 179—180)1.He went to Paris on business last month.2.The train to Brussels goes at 2:.3.As soon as they arrived at the meadow, the shepherd let the sheep go.4.We went exploring together in the mountains. / We will go exploring together in themountains.5.Let's go and have a drink in the bar.6.The store is going to close up soon.7.South Koreans went crazy when their soccer players beat the Spanish team inthe quarterfinals.8.When the mother came out of the house, she found her children gone.III. Usage (P. 180)1. a little white wooden house2.long, curly red hair2.a large old round table3.a cheap Indian restaurant4.a huge cool chocolate ice-cream5.rapid technological advance6.a handsome young Chinese AmericanComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze (P. 181)(A)1. in tune 3. in a whisper 4. cling to 5. Merry6. sat up7. nonsense8. fancy9. sin 10. masterpiece(B)1. mission2. involve3. jail4. not5. collect6. deliver7. beautiful 9. need 10. smallII. Translation (P. 182)1. (P. 182)1)The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky.2)The salary in/for my new job is great, but for the rest, I’m not satisfied.3)The waters of the two streams mingle near our village.4)We should not mock at other people’s religious beliefs.5)The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture.2. (P. 182)Here and there we see young artists who stand out from other people. They may be in worn out jeans all the year round, or walk barefoot / in bare feet even in winter, or drink to excess, or cling to the fancy of creating a masterpiece without actually doing any creative work. In fact, many of them act like this just to look the part, or to be "in tune with" other artists. They have forgotten that only through persistent effort can one achieve success.Unit 7 Making a LivingText AText Organization1.Vocabulary1. 1) disabled 2) impatient3) solitary 4) crushed5) feel like 6) lashed7) echoing 8) paused9) betrayed 10) laundry11) section 12) tilted2.1) cared for 2) hang on3) was laid up with 4) are gaining on5) kicked up 6) went off7) drop…off 8) straighten out3.(P. 207)1)It wasn’t that she couldn’t hear me, but that what I said sometimes didn’t register withher.2)Inside all was in disorder, drawers pulled out, shoes and boots scattered.3)5,000 dollars was transferred from Father’s account to my account.4)Mrs. Smith has made a pledge to contribute 100,000 dollars to the Children in Needcharity campaign.5)Car manufacturing is the most profitable business in that province.4.(P. 207—208)1)gaining on, off balance, was laid up in, scar on2) a cripple/crippled, surgery, limitations, in literature3)commission, on the phone, his territory, never registers withII. Usage (P. 208—209)1.I never did go over these books, although I probably should have.2.I know this is a personal question. Y ou don’t have to answer me if you don’t want to.3.I think this topic should have attracted far more attention from philosophers than it has.4.“I think you’re right.”—“I’m sure I am.”5.“He thought that the condition was hereditary in his case.”—“Well, it might be.”6.“Sugar?”—“No. Maybe next time.”7.The house is only a building. It is a place to live, nothing more.8.DIANE: Y ou didn’t! Tell me you didn’t!FA THER: Oh, yes. Anything for my children.III.Word Family (P. 209)1.1) bored 2) boredom 3) bored 4) boringly 5) boring2.1) encouraged 2)encouragingly 3) encouraging 4) encouragement3.1) frozen 2)freeze 3) freezing 4) freezer 5) freezeComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze (P. 210)1.1).off …feet 2).signature 3)mission 4).on the phone 5).laid up6).surgery 7).territory 8).disorder 9).applying for 10).dignity2.1).didn’t 2).read 3)e 4).money 5).because6). earning 7).doing 8).own 9). Obviously 10).valueII. Translation (P. 211)1.1)I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallway atmidnight yesterday.2)The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12 months.3)Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder.4)I’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work lately. I feel like taking a vacation at theseaside.5)Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations—for example, you don’thave your own garden.2.Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless. Early in his childhood,he learned that unless he so exerted himself as to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living on his own, he could not win/gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pay for his dignity as a human being.Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down, before he finally got one as a delivery boy for a Pizza Hut. He then worked as a sales representative for a sportswear company in territory no one else would want. Today he owns a fairly profitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him.。

课后练习答案：《全新版大学英语》第三册UNIT 1~ 7（综合教程第二版）Unit 1VocabularyI.1.1) on balance 5) illustrated 9) involved2) resist 6) budget 10) economic3) haul 7) lowering 11) blasting4) wicked 8) boundary 12) just about2.1)cut back/ down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through 5)face up to 6) turn in 7) making up for 8) think up3.1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy2) often generate misleading thoughts3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work4) be suspected of doing everything for money5) before he gets through life4.1) their indoor, a profit, to invest in2) device, the improvement, on a global scale3) stacked, temptation, never dined outII Confusable Words1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household2. 1) doubt 2) suspect 3) doubted 4)suspected 5) suspectIII. Word Formation1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys 6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) searchComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) get by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvements5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) profit9) stacking2. (Theme-related)1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) idealII. Translation1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor.2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.3. The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5. When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/ set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But, to run a small business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expense. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premium for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.Unit 2 Civil Rights HerosText A Freedom GiversVocabularyI.1.1) decades 5) slender 9) on the side2) historic 6) web 10) authorized3) imposed 7) bade 11) terminal4) religious 8) site 12) make the best of2.1) went through 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on5) let (us) down 6) draw on 7) fall into 8) pass for3.1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling.3) There's not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs.4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.4.1) As for, do not compel, capture of, have forged2) At huge risk, the mission, shelter3) who abolished, In the eyes of, racialII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. I'll tell you in a minute how I have attained the genuine sense of belonging in America, but first let me hear about your French trip.2. Most McDonald's look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are about 16 different basic designs.3. Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get through a financial crisis.4. This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble; it's always breaking down.5. In your resume you've mentioned everything but one vital point.6. Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem.7. I am sorry, but I think you shouldn't have lingered on over coffee and missed the last bus..8. The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignoranceIII. Usage1) lonely 2)friendly 3) weekly, monthly 4)lovely5) cowardly 6)kindly/saintly 7) lively 8)motherly Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1)forged 2) standup 3) compelled 4)convictions 5)mission6)abolish 7) intent on 8) risk 9)in the eyes of 10)threats2. (Theme-related)1) assistance 2) involved 3) estimated 4)coincidence 5)eme rged6) referred 7) numerous 8) stationed 9)concern 10)captureII. Translation1. Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.2. Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement.3. According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials.4. Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once.5. Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.Unit 3Text A The Land of The LockVocabularyI.1.1) threatens 2) by a smallmargin 3)civilize 4)closed up 5)wandered 6) paste 7) without so much as 8) sideways9) hook up to 10) universal 11) chart 12) Bathed in 2. 1)narrowed down 2)looked back on 3)cut off 4)fit into5)wear(the other) down 6)lies in 7)put up 8)stand for 3. 1)...which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found by researchers at the Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford. 2)...with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger.3)...feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January1986---killing all seven crew.4)...threatened to keep the pupils in after school, they were quieted at once.5)... are a major barrier to the country's economic growth due to the fact that/because imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange.4. 1) looked back on/ atmosphere/urban life2)era/ hooked up to the / the electronic3) the suburb / a sophisticated / system / analyze / make errorsII. 1) away 2)inside/in 3)forward/through 4)back5)off 6)home 7) back down 8)in...outIII. 1) Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be2) Most men do not look unattractive in them3) Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment4) The claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violent crimes.5)His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life.Comprehensive Exercises1. Cloze1. 1) Statistics 2)rural 3)era 4)stood for 5)on the latch6)vulnerable 7)barrier 8)electronic 9)reflection 10)civiliz ed2. 1) together 2)liable 3)shift 4)electric 5)cautious6)sophisticated 7)thieves 8)break 9)chances 10)signsII. Translation1.1) The Internet is changing the way people live, (no matter) whether they are in urban or rural areas.2)Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones.3) With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development.4)It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.5) Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attribute my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.2. It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes. Thus exposing him to police patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/Assure yourself that you don't leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.Unit 4 Imagination and CreativityText A Was Einstein a Space Alien?VocabularyI.1.1) accordingly 2) loose 3)concentration 4)stimulating 5) fabric 6)if anything 7) reality 8) intuition9) trifle 10) at the turn of the century 11) mess 12) undermine2. 1) approve of 2) slow down 3) taken in 4) sucked into5) set apart 6) dozed off 7)call forth 8)stretch into9) keep up with 10)believe in3. 1)...provided inspiration for many artists and musicians over the decades.2)...is credited to his powers of imagination3)...on the foundations of an agricultural revolution4)...not to make any complaints in the presence of the nurse.5)...the outbreak of the Second World War.4. 1) flaw/came to the conclusion/would get nowhere2) in a row/dozed off/a mess of3) outbreak of/ has undermined / has strainedII. 1)With Christmas only a week away2) With his physical condition improving day by day3) With our GDP growing steadily4) With all the shops closed5) with her eyes closed6) With the fog lifting during the nightIII. 1) like/as 2) as 3) like 4) like/as5) as/like 6) as 7)like 8) as Comprehensive Exercises1. Cloze1. 1) caution 2) came to the conclusion that 3)never get anywhere4)undermining 5) not give/care a fig 6)flaw7) beyond anydoubt 8)foundation 9)remarkable/impressive10) imagination2. 1) extent 2)inventions 3)bet 4)manages 5)vision6)eventually 7)achievement 8)poverty 9)utilized 10)breakthroughII. Translation1.1) The volunteers sent/assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague.2)Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed.3)Professor Wang received/won the Presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating students' creative imagination.4) As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn't approve of the economic stimulus package.5) Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up/meet the challenge by himself.2. What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the UN declared it "The World Year of Physics". It was the 100th anniversary of Einstein's theory of relativity and the 50th anniversary of his death. In 1905 Einstein published five highly important essays in the history of science, thus revolutionizing physics. His great achievements can be credited to his impressive powers of imagination, constant questioning, and not giving a fig for authority. It is beyond doubt that Einstein was the greatest scientist in the 20th century.Unit 5 Giving ThanksText A Writing Three Thank-You LettersText Organizationl.Parte Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-9 On Thanksgiving Day 1943, as a young coastguardsman atsea, the writer came up with the idea of expressing his gratitude to people who had helped him before.Part Two Paras 10-16 The writer wrote three thank-you letters to his father, the Rev. Nelson and his grandmother.Part Three Paras 17-23 The writer got three letters in reply.Part Four Paras 24-26 The writer wishes everyone to find the good and praise it.Correspondents Letters Sent Letters ReceivedFather Thanks him for teaching the writer from boyhood to love books and reading. Tells the writer how he, as a teacher and a father as well, felt content with his own son.The Rev. Nelson , Thanks him for his morningschool prayers. Ii Tells the writer about his retirement coupled with self-doubt, and the re?assurance brought to him by the writer's letter.Grandmother Thanks her for teaching the writer how to tell the truth, to share and to be forgiving, and for her good cooking and her sprinkling the writer's life with Stardust. Expresses her loving gratefulness to her grandson.Language sense enhancement1. decades2. undergoing3. had done wrong4. welcome reassurance5. appreciated6. brought back7. relatives 8. accomplish9. consume 10. representingVocabularyI. 1. 1) sprinkled 2) in turn3) reversed 4) repay5) at sea 6) traditional7) statement 8) longed for9) in secret 10) unloaded11) weep 12) under way2. 1) stretch out 2) make out3) hope for 4) turns (it) over5) put away 6) brings back7) got to 8) go about3. 1) As supplies of traditional fuels diminish, people are working to increase the use of solarenergy.2) We accord high priority to meeting the challenges of economic and environmental development in the region.3) While it is true that children of today are exposed to more information than were children of the past, it does not follow that they automatically become more sophisticated.4) Since she borrowed those books from the library she has been immersed in British history and culture.5) Everything changed in a flash on June 1, 2000 when he lost both legs ina serious traffic accident.4. 1) I'd like to express my sincere thanks to everyone who has been so considerate of my well-being. My heart is filled with gratitude that words cannot express.2) After everyone assembled on the playground amid the noise and excitement of the specta?tors, our coach again impressed on us the need to do our best in quest of excellence.3) Everything I saw in my hometown was marvelous. I could hardly believe that it had undergone such swift changes through cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers and the rest in the past few years.II. Collocation1, fond of 2. sick of3. thoughtful of4. confident of5. conscious of6. critical of7. guilty of 8. ashamed of-III. Usage1. To know what people really think, pay regard to what they do, rather than what they say.2. It is cooperation, rather than conflict, that will enable you to achieve your success.3. Ann made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think.4. I think I'll stay at home this evening rather than go / going out.5. Most people are content to let perfect days happen at random rather than plan / planning for them.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1) at sea 2) Turning over3) reverse 4) got to5) repay 6) gratitude7) assembled 8)immersed in9) unloading 10) swift(B)1) instead 2) possessions3) richer 4) breath5) cherish 6) special7) specific 8) shining9) miracles 10) giftII. Translation1. 1) Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she boughta lot of rice.2) I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.3) The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.4) Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.5) Peter has worked in a law firm for many years. You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.2.Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving, rather than joining his friends in celebration of the holiday, George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world. The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf. George's father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence. He also taught him that nothing in the world could be taken for granted. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying "Gratitude is the sign of noble souls" and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.Unit 6 The Human TouchText A The Last LeafI. Vocabulary:i)1. masterpieces2. fragile3. fancy4. nonsense5. ling to6. endure7. acute 8. whistle 9.mock 10. subtracted 11. Sin 12. flutter/flutteringii)1. give in/ give up2. figure up3. sized up4. wiped out5. pulling up6. wear away7. situp 8. hear of / aboutiii)1. usually stand out in childhood memories.2. a joint bachelor’s degree program in environmental studies together with Duke University.3. still stalks the country.4. scarcely any surface water in the desert.5. for change in the election law is so persistent that both houses have promised to consider it.iv)1. dreary, mingled with, not to excess, a merry2. called to us, in a whisper, in tune with3. backward, wet through, won’t hear of4. turn loose yourII.1. He went to Paris on business last month.2. The train to Brussels goes at 2:25 p.m.3. As soon as they arrived at the meadow, the shepherd let the sheep go.4. We went ( or will go) exploring together in the mountains.5. Let’s go and have a drink in the bar.6. The store is going to close up soon.7. South Koreans went crazy when their soccer players beat the Spanish team in the quarter-finals.8. When the mother came out of the house, she found her children gone.III. Usage:1. a little white wooden house2. long, curly red hair3. a large old round table4. a cheap Indian restaurant5. a huge cool chocolate ice-cream6. rapid technological advance7. a handsome young Chinese AmericanIV. Comprehensive Exercises1. Cloze1. in tune2. Scarcely3. in a whisper4. cling to5.merry6. sat up7. nonsense8. fancy9.sin 10.masteripiece1. mission2. involve3.jail 4.not 5. collect6. deliver7. beautiful8. vacation9.need 10. smallV. Translation:i)1. The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky.2. The salary in // for my new job is great, but for the rest, I’m not satisfied.3. The waters of the two streams mingle near our village.4. We should not mock at other people’s religious beliefs.5. The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture.ii)Here and there we see young artists who stand out from other people. They may be in worn-out jeans all the year round, or walk barefoot // in bare feet even in winter, or drink to excess, or cling to the fancy of creating a masterpiece without actually doing any creative work.Text B Night Watch1. Comprehension Check1. B2. C3. B4.C 5.D 6. A2. Translation1. 他被急急送到机场，刚好赶上唯一一架或许能让他赶到垂危老父身边的飞机。

新标准大学英语_综合教程3_课后答案unit7 Unit7Active reading(1)Can bad luck be explained?Language points1Part of the explanation for bad luck is mathematical, but part is psychological.(Para2)The sentence means bad luck is not only a matter of the odds for or against something happening,but ofour memories and attitudes.2This popular notion would be unlikely to stand the scrutiny of any scientific study…otherwise the phrase would never have arisen in the first place.(Para 3)To stand the scrutiny of any scientific study means to survive any scientific examination.The expression in the first place is used to mean what someone did or should have done at the start of a situation,eg I wish I’d never got involved i n the first place.3So badness is much better represented as being on a spectrum rather than something which is thereor not there.(Para5)The sentence means that badness is not an either/or quality,but a matter of degree,and it exists on a continuum.4When it comes to bad things happening in threes,what may be most important of all is the durationand memorability of the first event.(Para7)The sentence means that the impact of the first unpleasant event and the length of time we remember it isthe critical factor in the origin of the common idea that three bad events often occur together.Unit7The secret life of science2305The timescale has been extended as long as is necessary to confirm the original prophecy.(Para8)The idea behind the sentence is that after one bad event, people predict two more and will wait a long timeif necessary for them to happen and so to prove the prediction.6But it is more likely that a friend will tell you“three bad things havehappened to me,isn’t thatty pical”than“only two bad things have happened to me, which just proves that the theory doesn’twork”.(Para9)Some times after the second bad event,nothing happens for a long time.We could tell people that ourexperience shows that the idea that bad luck comes in threes is wrong.But we do not.That seems to beasking for a third piece of bad luck to come along.Instead we wait for the third event and then say the oldtheory has been proved yet again.7It is related to probability and independence.(Para10) Probability means how events are connected to one another, how probable it is something will happen.Independence refers to how much interdependence there is between events.8One of the best examples of selective memory…(Para16)A selective memory means remembering only some facts or only what we want to.We select somememories and reject others.Reading and understanding2Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1Murphy’s Law is(a).(a)a popular belief(b)a scientific law(c)a classical theory(d)a statistical calculation2Bad luck(b).(a)can be explained by science(b)can be partly blamed on strange coincidences(c)only really exists in people’s minds(d)is impossible to explain3“Bad luck”is a problematic concept because(a).(a)it is relative;some things are more“bad”than others(b)it suggests a connection between science and morality(c)luck is never good or bad by definition(d)it encourages people not to take responsibility for their own actions4Unlucky events seem to come in threes because(b).(a)three is an unlucky number in most cultures(b)the mind wants to make connections between events(c)we don’t notice single unlucky events(d)we can’t remember more than three connected events The secret life of science Unit72315For some people,unlucky events are connected because (d).(a)they are psychologically weaker than other people(b)they have better memories than other people(c)they define bad luck differently from other people(d)the first unlucky event has an effect on them which makes the second event more likely6The writer says map reading is a frustrating experience because(a).(a)the destination will often be marked very near the edge of the map(b)it is difficult to consult a street atlas while you’re in a car(c)the destination is unlikely to be marked in the middle of the map(d)modern road maps have not been well designed7The writer says we believe that traffic lights are always re d when we’re ina hurry because(b).(a)traffic lights spend more time on red than green(b)we hardly notice when the lights are green(c)red lights are a source of stress(d)red lights appear more often when a driver is in a hurry 8The examples of map reading and traffic lights both show that(a).(a)we are often too ready to interpret a neutral event as“bad”(b)if we are in a hurry,something bad will usually happen(c)journeys need to be carefully planned to avoid things going wrong(d)bad luck is a direct result of stress and anxiety Dealing with unfamiliar words3Match the words in the box with their definitions.1something harmful or unpleasant that happens to someone (misfortune)2neither positive nor negative(neutral)3relating to or involving mathematics(mathematical)4weak or easy to hurt physically or mentally(vulnerable) 5happening or coming after something else(subsequent) 6the number of times that something happens during a period of time(frequency)4Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.1Some people seem to blame all their misfortunes on badluck.2Many people would argue that there is no such thing as bad luck;all events are neutral.3The frequency with which things seem to go wrong may depend on things like health factors.4Is it a mathematical certainty that toast will always fall butter side down?5We need to help the most vulnerable people in our society. 6If you’re depressed,and one thing goes wron g,all subsequent events are likely to seem negative too.5Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.You may need to makeother changes.1Which is the quickest way to the town centre?(route) Unit7The secret life of science2322Our math teacher’s lesson included part of yesterday’s lecture.(overlapped)Our math teacher’s lessen overlapped with yesterday’s lecture.3You’ll find the statistics department in the building next to this one.(adjacent)4Unfortunately,two hundred people lost their jobs lastmonth.(sacked)Unfortunately,two hundred people were sacked last month.5Why do certain groups of letters stay close together in this language?(cluster)6The office will be closed for the whole period of the Christmas holidays.(duration)6Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1If you subject something to scrutiny,do you look at it (a)carefully,or(b)superficially?2If something is marginally interesting,is it of(a) great interest,or(b)limited interest?3If a problem is alive and kicking,(a)can you ignore it,or(b)must you do something about it?4Is a reminder intended to(a)keep you awake,or(b)stop you forgetting?5If you are made redundant,have you(a)been given a job, or(b)lost your job?6If something crops up,were you(a)expecting it,or(b) not really expecting it to happen?7If you duplicate a document,do you(a)send it to someone, or(b)make a copy of it?8Do two consecutive events happen(a)at the same time,or(b)one after the other?9After physical exertion,do most people feel(a)tired, or(b)full of energy?Active reading(2)Language points1My research had persuaded me that musicality is deeply embedded in the humangenome…(Para1)Genome is a complete set of genes of an organism. Musicality refers to a natural interest in and ability for music.2…if only I took a few lessons I would find my voice. (Para1)The sentence means if I would have some music lessons,I would soon learn to sing nicely.3As well as testing whether I could improve my tone,pitch and rhythm…(Para2)The pitch refers to the quality of sound we speak of in terms of high and low.The tone is the fixedvibration of the vocal cords producing a pleasing sound. The dynamics(Para5,Line5)are volume andstyle of a sound.4With the help of functional MRI he had begun to identify…(Para2)A functional MRI,functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, is a scanner which detects amounts andwhereabouts of brain activity.5We agreed that…covering various musical tasks such as sustaining a pitch,singing scales and inrhythm.(Para3)To sustain a pitch means to keep to a musical key;to sing scales means to move up and down a musicalscale;to sing in rhythm means to maintain a beat.6Later,he would process the images…to give snapshots of the mental activity involved.(Para4)To give snapshots of something means to give a series of images of something.7On a few occasions when singing with my wife we both experienced fleeting feelings of emotionalintimacy as our voices blended into one…(Para5)The sentence means all of a sudden we both had moments when we felt closer to one another as we sangthe same notes at the same time.8Encore!(Subtitle)Encore is the French word for again,shouted at the end of good performances asking for a little more.Here,the writer is happy with the outcome though not with his singing.The secret life of science Unit7237Reading and understanding2Number the events in the order they occurred.2He drew up a plan with a researcher and a teacher.3He had a couple of lessons and learnt how to read music. 9He discovered changes in the way his brain worked.5He learnt how to breathe properly.1The writer decided he wanted to learn to sing.8He had a second brain scan.4He had a brain scan.7He became depressed with his slow progress.6He did exercises to develop a sense of rhythm.3Choose the best answer to the questions.1Why did the writer take part in the experiment?(a)To sing with his wife.(b)To find out more about his brain.(c)To do research for a book about Neanderthal humans.(d)To investigate the relationship between singing and brain activity.2How did the experiment affect his family life?(a)He spent a lot of time singing with his wife and children.(b)He made his children practise late at night.(c)He disturbed his children by singing late at night.(d)His marriage nearly came to an end.3What results did the experiment show?(a)There is no connection between singing ability and brain activity.(b)It is not possible to sing lying down.(c)Regular brain scans can improve singing ability.(d)There is a connection between singing ability and brain activity.4What conclusion did the writer reach?(a)He will never be able to sing well.(b)Some people will never be able to sing.(c)Learning to sing is a complex and mysterious process.(d)Everyone can learn to sing,but it takes time. Dealing with unfamiliar words4Match the words in the box with their definitions.1to continue trying to achieve something difficult (persevere)2used for showing that something you say is really true (literally)3a new business or activity(venture)4the belief that you are able to do things well (confidence)5to provide the conditions in which something can happen or exist(sustain)6feeling annoyed and impatient(frustrated)Unit7The secret life of science2385Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.I never thought I would become a musician.I’ve always liked music,but didn’tstudy it at school and Ifound it a bit(1)frustrating not to be able to read music or to sing in tune.That is,until the day I decidedto learn to play the piano.It was quite a difficult(2) venture at first.The hardest thing was to(3)persevere with practice.But little by little I began to makeprogress,and,with it,to grow in(4)confidence.In fact, I managed to(5)sustain the enthusiasm to such an extent that,at the age of35,I gave up my job as a data analyst to become a professional musician.In my case, music(6)literally changed my life.6Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1When I play the piano I usually mix different styles such as jazz and classical.(blend)2One of my favourite pieces of music is called The Planets. (entitled)3I thought I would learn quickly,but I was clearly mistaken.(evidently)4How much is left if we take off80euros from your fee? (subtract)5The photocopier is broken,but you can use the machine which copies images and stored them on acomputer.(scanner)6To have such wonderful children has been a great source of happiness for us both.(blessing)7The new hospital is open now,but it isn’t working as it should.(functional)7Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1If you are haunted by something,do you think about it (a)often,or(b)hardly ever?2If you are turned off from something,do you(a)show interest in it,or(b)lose interest in it?3When someone collaborates with you,do they(a)help you, or(b)prevent you from doing what youwant to do?4Are the rudiments of musical knowledge(a)the basic facts,or(b)the most recent discoveries?5Does a precocious child show skills and intelligence(a) above,or(b)below the average?6Are excerpts from a film or a piece of music(a)short extracts,or(b)critical reviews?7If you do something in the intimacy of your own home, do you expect(a)strangers,or(b)only yourown family to see you do it?8If you stumble,do you(a)fall and then keep going,or (b)fall and stop completely?9If you feel elated about something,do you feel(a)very happy,or(b)very sad?Reading and interpreting8Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1The title“The diva within”suggests that(b).(a)artists have very private lives(b)anyone can be a good singer(c)great musicians are born,not made(d)to become a good singer,you have to think a lot2The word encore is used because(d).(a)it refers to a second performance of something(b)it is usually used in a musical context(c)it suggests that people are happy with a performance(d)all three of the above reasonsThe secret life of science Unit72399Decide if the writer’s experiences are motivating(M) or frustrating(F).1writing a book called The Singing Neanderthals(M)It inspires him to do all sorts of interesting research. 2his childhood experience with a music teacher(F)He felt humiliated.3meeting Larry Parsons at the University of Sheffield(M) He offered new ways he could pursue his research.4listening to Pam sing(M)He found it beautiful and wanted to learn more about the human relationship with music.5monitoring his own progress as a student of singing(F) He says he got frustrated in Paragraph 5.6the effect on family life as he practised(F)His singing wasn’t good for his family life.7lying still during the second brain scan(F)In Paragraph6,it says“Lying still was even more frustrating than the last time because I had learned that moving my body was as important to singing as was flexing my vocal cords.”8leaving the scanner after the second brain scan(M) The writer was elated that his work for the experiment was done.9seeing the results of the second scan(M)The results of the research confirmed his ideas.Now decide whether the writer was pleased with the results of the experiment and give reasons.I think he was pleased.A negative result would have been rather depressing,but now he had some newinformation he could work on.Also he had learned something about singing.Note that the frustratingexperiences tend to come earlier than some of the motivating ones.Finally he was elated it was all over! Language in useword formation:-ity and-ility1Look at the sentences from the passage Can bad luck be explained?When it comes to bad things happening in threes,what may be most important of all is the duration and memorability of the first event.There is…rational reason why bad events might cluster together.It is related to probability and independence.Now find three more nouns ending in-ity or-ility in the passage The diva within.Ability,musicality,activity. The secret life of science Unit72412Rewrite the sentences changing the underlined adjectives into nouns.1It is possible that the insurance won’t pay you for this accident.There is a possibility that the insurance won’t pay you for this accident.2I am not responsible for anything that happens to you. It’s not my responsibility what happens to you.3I’m not sure how suitable this programme is for you. I’m not sure of this programme’s suitability for you. 4The fact that the calculation was complex slowed me down. The calculation’s complexity slowed me down.5Being naturally curious is a characteristic of many great thinkers.Natural curiosity is a characteristic of many great thinkers.6I was surprised that her behaviour was stupid.I was surprised at the stupidity of her behaviour. when it comes to…3Rewrite the sentences using when it comes to…1If we consider evaluating students’work,there are always some very difficult choices to be made.When it comes to evaluating students’work,there are always some very difficult choices to be made.2If we consider the examples of bad luck you spoke about, many of these seem to be rather unimportant.When it comes to the examples of bad luck you spoke about, many of these seem to be ratherunimportant.3If we turn our attention to human psychology,we see that this is very closely related to physical healthand well-being.When it comes to human psychology,we see that this is very closely related to physical health and wellbeing.4In the case of learning an instrument like the piano or violin,a lot of patience and the ability topersevere are essential.When it comes to learning an instrument like the piano or violin,a lot of patience and the ability topersevere are essential.5If we turn our attention to non-scientific studies of good and bad luck,there are all sorts of fantastic theories.When it comes to non-scientific studies of good and bad luck,there are all sorts of fantastic theories.if only4Rewrite the sentences using if only.1I won’t be able to work out this mathematical problem unless you are quiet for a few minutes.If only you were quiet for a few minutes,I would be able to work out this mathematical problem.Unit7The secret life of science2422You won’t be able to find your way in life unless you start to understand the difference between goodand bad advice.If only you understood the difference between good and bad advice,you would be able to find your wayin life.3I won’t be able to sleep well tonight unless I stop worrying about what happened this morning.If only I stopped worrying about what happened this morning, I would be able to sleep well tonight.4The number of accidents at work won’t decrease unless people are more carefuland follow the safetyinstructions.If only people were more careful and followed the safety instructions,the number of accidents at workwould decrease.5You won’t become a great singer unless you are prepared to practise at least six hours every day.If only you practised six hours every day,you would becomea great singer.collocations5Read the explanations of the words.Answer the questions. 1route A route is usually a way that buses,trains,ships or planes travel regularly.(a)Do you know the most direct route to the centre of town? Yes,you go along North Road and turn left at the park corner.(b)When is it a good idea to seek an alternative route? When there are road works or traffic jams.(c)What do you know about the ancient trade routes between Europe and China?The road was called the Silk Road linking China with the Roman Empire.2confidence This word usually means the belief in yourself or the trust you have in someone else.(a)Are you the kind of person who gains or loses confidence when keeping failing?I tend to see the negative aspects of things,so I’m the kind of person who loses confidence whenkeeping failing.(b)What did a company do if they have to win back the confidence of the customers?Probably they sold some stuffs of a low quality which then ruined their reputation.(c)How will you prepare yourself in order to go into the business world with confidence?Maybe I have to get a business degree or gain relating work experiences.3blend This word usually means to combine different tastes, styles or qualities in a way that is attractiveor effective.(a)If you blend the ingredients for a soup,what have you done with them?I have mixed them together.(b)If you blend butter with sugar,then add eggs and flour, what kind of food are you making?A cake.(c)What would you expect to do on a course which uses blended learning approach?A mixture of learning methods,usually classroom sessions and computer-based learning.The secret life of science Unit72434sustain This word usually means to provide the conditions in which something can happen or exist.(a)By which means can a country sustain economic growth?For example,to expand domestic demand,or manage to maintain its competitive edge in newtechnology development and international trade etc. (b)Which other planet in our solar system do scientists believe can sustain life?Mars.(c)What did you do to sustain your interest in English?I reminded myself how useful English could be.6Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.1Red lights come up just as often when the driver is not in a hurry;it’s just that the disadvantage of thered light is considerably less if time is not critical. The false part of the perception is that red lights happen more than green lights.The reason for this is simply that a driver has more time to think about ared light than a green light,because while the latter is gone in seconds–and indeed is an experience no different from just driving along the open road–the red light forces a change of behaviour,a momentof exertion and stress,and then a deprivation of freedom for a minute or so.Red lights stick in the mind,while green lights are instantly forgotten.(The falsepart of the perception直译为“认知中错误的部分”不妥，应译成“错觉”。

Unit 7 Making a LivingText A Life of a SalesmanPart II Text AVocabulary:1) disabled 2) impatient 3) solitary 4) crushed5) feel like 6) lashed 7) echoing 8) paused9) betrayed 10) laundry 11) section 12) tilted2.1) cared for 2) hang on3) was laid up with 4) are gaining on5) kicked up 6) went off7) drop ... off 8)straighten out3. 1) … sometimes didn't register with her.2)… in disorder, drawers pulled out, shoes and boots scattered.3)… was transferred from Father's account to my account.4)… a pledge to contribute 1000,000dollars to the Children in Needed charity campaign.5)… the most profitable business in that province.4. 1) gaining on; off balance; was laid up in; scar on2) a cripple\ crippled ; surgery , limitations, in literature.3) commission ; on the phone ; his territory ; never registers withII. Usage1.I never did go over these books, although I probably should have.2.I know this is a personal question. You don't have to answer me if you don't want to.3.I think this topic should have attracted far more attention from philosophers than it has.4."I think you're right." — "I'm sure I am."5."He thought that the condition was hereditary in his case." —"Well, it might be."6."Sugar?" ---- "No. Maybe next time."7.The house is only a building. It is a place to live, nothing more.8.DIANE: You didn't! Tell me you didn't! FA THER: Oh, yes.Anything for my children.III. Word Family1.1) bored 2) boredom3) bored 4) boringly5) boring2. 1) encouraged 2) encouragingly3) encouraging 4) encouragement3. 1) frozen 2) freeze3) freezing 4) freezer5) freezeComprehensive ExercisesI Cloze1. Text-related1) off … feet 2) signature 3) commission 4) on the phone5) laid up 6) surgery 7) territory 8) disorder9) applying for 10) dignity2. Theme-related1）didn’t 2) read 3) come 4) money5) because 6) earning 7) doing 8) own9) obviously 10) valueII. Translation1. I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday.2. The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12months.3. Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder.4.I’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work lately, I feel like taking a vacation at the seaside.5. Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations--- for example, you don’t have your own gardens.6. Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless. Early in his childhood, he learned that unless he so exerted himself as to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living on his own, he could not win/gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pay for his dignity as a human being.Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down, before he finally got one as a delivery boy for a Pizza Hut. He then worked as a sales representative for a sportswear company in a territory no one else would want. Today he owns a fairly profitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him.。

懦夫总有疯狂的一天。

Unit One Changes in the Way We LiveText AContent Questions ( P10 )Write and live on a farm.Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. They have enough eggs, honey and wood. They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. Besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter. No. Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough.They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March.When the first spring came, it brought two floods. The second flood refers to the good harvest in the growing season.He decided to quit his job and start to freelance.He has to crawl into black bear dens for “Sports Illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for “Smithsonian” magazine, check out the Lake Champlain “monster” for “Science Digest”, and canoe through the Boundary Waters Wilderness area of Minnesota for “Destinations”.As for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’s major-medical policy and the policy on their two cars. They cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living. For example, they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. They still attend the opera and ballet but only a few times a year. They eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies.A tolerance for solitude and lots of energy.They will leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what they have been able to accomplish.They chose to live in the country because they want to improve the quality of their lives. Yes, they have finally realized their dreams.Text Organization ( P11 )Part One (paragraphs 1—3) The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant and satisfying one.Part Two (paragraphs 4—7 ) Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.Part Three (paragraphs 8—11) After quitting his job, the writer’s income was reduced, but he and his family were ableto manage to get by.Part Four (paragraphs 12—15 ) A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country.Happy Moments and Events1) growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc.3) keeping warm inside the house in winter4) writing freelance articles5) earning enough money while maintaining a happy family lifeHardships1) working hard both in winter and in summer2) harsh environment and weather condition3) anxious moments after the writer quit his job4) cutting back on daily expenses5) solitudeVocabulary1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given in the box. ( P15 )1) on balance 2) resist 3) haul 4) wicked 5) illustrated 6) budget 7) lowering 8) boundary9) involved 10)economic11) blasting 12) just about2. Now use the verb in brackets to form an appropriate phrasal verb you have learned and complete the sentence with it. ( P16 )1) cut back / down 2）pick up 3）get by4) get through5）face up to 6）turn in7）making up for 8）think up 3. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets,keeping the same meaning. （P17 ）1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy.2) often generate misleading thoughts.3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work.4) be suspected of doing everything for money.5) before he gets through life.4. Complete the sentences, using the words or phrases in brackets ( P17 )1. their indoor a profit to invest in2. device the improvement on a global scale3.stacked temptationnever dined outConfusable Use ( P18 )househomehome familyhouseholddoubtsuspecteddoubtedsuspectedsuspectWord Formation ( P19 )1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows and whys6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) searchCloze1. Text-related ( P20 )1) gets by 2) temptation 3) get through4) improvement 5) aside from 6) suspect7) supplement 8) profit 9) stacking2. Theme-related ( P21 )1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit4) world 5) tough 6) fuels7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance10) idealTranslation1. Translate the sentences into English ( P21 )1) We have a problem with the computer system, butI think it is fairly minor.2) My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over responsibility for my upbringing at that point.3) the toys have to meet strict safety requirementsbefore they can be sold to children.4) Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of new and opinion.5) When it comes to this magazine, it is a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.2. Translate the passage into English ( P21 )A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.Text B1. Choose the best answer for each of the following. ( P27 ) 1—6. a c d b acTranslate into Chinese the underlined sentences in the essay ( P28 )什么？你说那听起来不像你府上的生活？其实，不仅仅是你一个人这么想。

unit 1Reading and understanding3 Choose the best summary of what happened in the crab cage.3 The cage was full of crabs. One of them was trying to escape, but each time it reached the top the other crabs pulled it back. In the end it gave up trying and started to prevent other crabs from escaping.4 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What happened to the students in the fall of the final year?(b) They became more serious.2 Why did some people have bags under their eyes in the morning?(c) Theyd spent all night in the library.3 Which students had already planned their future?(c) The quieter ones who didnt have the best grades.4 Why did the writer go home?(d) It was a national holiday.5 Why did his father take him out to catch crabs?(c) He wanted to tell him something about life.6 What advice did his father give him?Get to know yourself better.Dealing with unfamiliar words5 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 achieving good results (productive)2 the fact of being present at an event, or of going regularly to school, church etc (attendance)3 the refusal to accept something new, such as a plan, idea, or change (resistance)4 determined to be successful, rich, famous etc (ambitious)5 agreement to a plan, offer, or suggestion (acceptance)6 the written words of a play, film, television programme, speech etc (script)7 very good, large, or showing great skill (impressive)6 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5.To be a successful film scriptwriter takes more than training although (1) attendance on a screenwriting course will definitely help you learn the skills. You also need to be very (2) ambitious - the film business is very competitive. You have to be prepared to work hard and be very (3) productive because it takes more than just one good idea to make it big. No matter how (4) impressive your idea is, there will always be (5) resistance from producers because it's too expensive. So make sure you have plenty of others to show them. What are you waiting for? Get on with writing that brilliant (6) script and plan your (7) acceptance speech for when you win your first Oscar!7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.1 We've seen a place we like and we're applying for a loan to buy a house. (mortgage)2 We stood on the top floor of the boat and watched the coast disappear into the horizon. (deck)3 I love to walk along the beach and watch the waves breaking, and the white water hitting the shore. (surf)4 In seaside areas in the north-east of the country, life is hard and fishermen have to go against the forces of nature every time they go to work. (coastal; defy)5 Agreement was finally reached after a long and heated discussion. (lengthy)8 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If you watch an impromptu performance of something, has it (a) been prepared, or(b) not been prepared?2 When you map out your future, do you (a) plan it carefully, or (b) draw a sketch of it on paper?3 If you brace yourself for something unpleasant, do you (a) try not to think about it, or (b) prepare yourself for it mentally and physically?4 Do you moor a boat by (a) turning the steering wheel, or (b) tying it to a post witha rope?5 Is a rusty piece of metal something that (a) is bright and shiny, or (b) might have been left out in the rain and is covered with brown substance?6 If a bowl is brimming with soup, is it (a) very full, or (b) halfempty?7 If someone is being held captive, are they (a) free to do as they please, or (b) being kept as a prisoner?8 Ifyou have figured out something, have you (a) added numbers together, or(b) understood it?Reading and interpreting9 Work in pairs. Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions.1 In the fall ofourfinal year, our mood changed.Why does the passage begin with a time expression?The use of the time expression, together with the past tense, is a signal that this is a narrative with a sequence of events. The word our indicates that this is a story of personal experience.2 But there was something else.What is the purpose of this short sentence?This indicates that studying for the final exams was not the only concern of the students. So it is a transition from studying for final exams to the next topic getting a job after graduation.3 I went home at Thanksgiving ...Why does the writer change from we to I?Because this changes the focus onto the writer as an individual. The we paragraphs are general background to the main narrative about thc individual, which is coming.4 "So?" he said.What is the effect of the change to direct speech?This change to direct speech opens a moment-by-moment dialogue. This slows down the narrative of events but gives a good impression of how the writer found it difficult to say what he wanted to do and how the father made few comments.5 Crabs fascinated me.How does the focus change with this sentence?The topic shifts to crabs. The sentence also arouses the readers' interest - we expect some fascinating new information ab6ut crabs here. Later, we realize how the topic of crabs,is connected with the son finding a job, and the crabs' behaviour leads the father to give memorable advice.6 My father started the motor and we set off back home.Is this an effective conclusion? Why / Why not?Yes, we don't know what happens next, but the implication is fairly clear that the father would support the son's idea of travel and of being a writer. It makes a better conclusion not to say it explicitly, as it leaves a lot of room for personal interpretation.10 Work in pairs and answer the questions.1 What sort of relationship do the father and son have?The son seems afraid of being criticized for his ideas about a career and expects resistance from his father. However, the father actually supports what his son wants, but he makes him think about it by watching the crabs. So at the beginning we feel their relationship may not be good, but later it becomes clear that they have a good relationship and, in fact, their relationship has improved by catching crabs together.2 Do you think the son respects his father?The son does respect his father, and the crab-catching episode adds to this respect because the father finds a good way of showing support to his son and making him think more about his plans.3 Do you think the father understands his son?Yes, because he says, "I kind of wish I'd done that when I was your age." Also, his way of teaching his son - through observing crabs - shows that he understands his son well.4 What is the father trying to tell his son by showing him the crabs?He is teaching his son not to follow conventional expectations and peer pressure. He tells his son not to be pulled back by others, and to find out more about himself- what he enjoys, where his interests and skills are, how he wants to work, because if he doesn't figure these things out, he will never be happy.5 How successful do you think the "crab story" is?It is successful in showing the father-son relationship through catching crabs and it makes readers think about not being pulled back by others.6 Is the father pleased that his son wants to be a writer?He doesn't say so, but it seems he wanted to travel or write when he was young himself. His use of the words, "Interesting idea" and "Interesting choice", could be ambiguous, or may show support. The way he says "We've never had a writer in the family" does seem to be positive. So he's pleased but he doesn't want to say it directly.Developing critical thinking11 Work in pairs and discuss the questions.1 How important is it to be ambitious in life?It is a complicated question. On the one hand, it seems good to be ambitious because most people want to be successful and having an ambition probably makes you work harder for your goals and that's good. On the other hand, we feel some reservations. Some people are ambitious to be extremely rich, famous or powerful. We really wonder whether these are the most important things, because some ambitious people seem to work only for themselves, so they work against other people rather than for or with others. On balance, we suppose it is important to be ambitious, but it depends on exactly what kind of ambition you are thinking of.2 Is being ambitious a positive part of personality?Well, this is one of those qualities which are OK as long as you don't go to extremes. We think it probably depends on how ambition is related to the rest of your personality. What we mean is this: If a person only focuses on ambition it can get out of proportion - too much ambition can lead to all sorts of negative aspects of a personality. But being ambitious can be very positive if it is related to other positive qualities like wanting to make an effort and do your best with honesty and sincerity, and also to help your family, other people and your country. So our conclusion is: Yes, ambition is a positive part of personality as long as it is related to other positive qualities.2 How much time should students spend planning their future?Well, if you don't spend any time planning a future, it may never happen. If you spend too much time planning it, it won't happen either, because you won't actually be doing anything about it, only thinking.We think the father in Catching crabs is right: You need to spend some time thinking about what you enjoy and what interests you, where your skills are, and then plan to try some jobs in those areas in order to discover what you are good at and what makes you happy. We think, as students, this is as much a matter of thinking and planning as of trying out different things, for example, doing part-time jobs and holiday work to get experience. So we conclude by saying that planning and doing go together, really.Is it part of a university's role to help students choose a career?Universities are supposed to teach students advanced knowledge and skills within different disciplines, to help them develop their thinking, creativity and awareness of citizenship, cultures and peoples in the world. Of course, helping students choose a career is not the same as getting them work. It is more a matter of helping them identify what they are good at and how their majors may prepare them for different professions. We think universities can help us choose a career by providing information about different professions and jobs, and by inviting professionals and employers in different fields to universities to talk to students. So, to conclude, yes, we think this is part of a university's role, a small but important part.。