关系代词
- 格式:doc
- 大小:35.00 KB
- 文档页数:6
英语语法:定语从句六个关系代词关系代词有六个,听我逐一来说破;六个关系代词是:that/which/ who/ whom/ whose/ as ,注意关系代词在定语从句中做主宾表定语。
which表物人用who,人物都有that顾;先行词是物,关系代词用which,也能够用that;先行词是人,关系代词用who,也能够用that;先行词中既有人,又有物,关系代词只能用that。
例句 1) This is the mountain village (which/ that ) I visited last year.这就是我去年参观的那个山村。
解析:先行词mountain village是物,可用which或that, 因为定语从句中visit后缺宾语,说明which或that应该在定从中做宾语,所以还能够省略。
例句 2)The man(that/whom / who ) you met just now is my friend.你刚刚见到的那个人是我的朋友。
解析:先行词man表人,关系词能够用who/that/whom,因为定语从句中缺宾语,关系代词应该在定语从句中做宾语,所以能够省略;另外,whom是专门用来做宾语用的,而who则仅仅在口语中才用。
例句 3)This magazine belongs to the teacher who(that) teaches us history.这本杂志是我们历史老师的。
解析:先行词teacher是人,关系代词用who或that, 因为在定语从句中做主语,所以不能省略。
例句 4)He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited.他谈到了他所见到的老师和学校。
解析:先行词 the teachers and schools 中既有人又有物,关系代词只能用 that, 又因为that在定语从句中做宾语,所以又能够省略。
英语语法:定语从句中的关系代词 定语从句中关系代词的选⽤主要由先⾏词决定。
关系代词⼀般有that , which。
以下是店铺带来关系代词的相关内容,希望对你有帮助。
【语法】 (1)关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which,as的⽤法 中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as,它们是⽤来引导定语从句的。
关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,⼜在其所引导的从句中承担⼀个成分,如主语、宾语、表语或定语。
如: This is the man who saved your son. 这就是救了你⼉⼦的.那个⼈。
(who在从句中作主语,先⾏词是man) The man whom I met yesterday is Jim. 我昨天见到的那个⼈是吉姆。
(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先⾏词是man) He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea. 他想要个窗户⾯临⼤海的房间。
(whose在从句中作定语,它的先⾏词是room) I walked to the gate that opened towards the lake. 我⾛向那扇临湖的⼤门。
(that在从句中作主语,它的先⾏词是gate) This is the pen which he bought yesterday.(which在从句中作宾语,它的先⾏词是pen,可省略) As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 众所周知,⽉球每个⽉绕地球转⼀周。
(as在从句中作主语,指代主句) (2)关系代词who,whom,whose的区别 a) who和whom均只⽤于指⼈,不⽤于指事或物,其中who在定语从句中⽤作主语,whom在定语从句中⽤作宾语。
定语从句的关系代词与关系副词定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词或代词的从句。
它可以通过关系代词或关系副词引导,常用的关系代词有"that, who, whom, whose, which",而常用的关系副词有"where, when, why"。
在本文中,我们将详细探讨定语从句的关系代词与关系副词的使用。
一、关系代词的使用关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者修饰名词的成分。
具体使用如下:1. Who"Who"在定语从句中用来修饰指人的名词,作为主语或宾语出现。
例如:- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(那个站在那里的女孩是我的妹妹。
)- The man who I talked to last night is a famous actor.(昨晚我跟他说话的那个男人是一位著名演员。
)2. Whom"Whom"也用来修饰指人的名词,在定语从句中通常作为宾语出现。
例如:- I met the girl whom you introduced to me yesterday.(我昨天见到了你介绍给我的那个女孩。
)3. Whose"Whose"用来修饰指人或指物的名词,表示所属关系。
例如:- The book whose cover is red is mine.(封面是红色的那本书是我的。
)4. Which"Which"修饰指物的名词,在定语从句中作为主语或宾语出现。
例如:- Do you know the reason why the bus was late?(你知道公交车晚点的原因吗?)5. That"That"通常用来修饰人或物的名词,在定语从句中可以作为主语、宾语或修饰名词的成分出现。
例如:- The car that I bought last month is very fast.(我上个月购买的那辆车非常快。
英语语法:定语从句中的关系代词英语语法:定语从句中的关系代词定语从句中关系代词的选用主要由先行词决定。
关系代词一般有that ,which。
以下是店铺带来关系代词的相关内容,希望对你有帮助。
【语法】(1)关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which,as的用法中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as,它们是用来引导定语从句的。
关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,又在其所引导的从句中承担一个成分,如主语、宾语、表语或定语。
如:This is the man who saved your son.这就是救了你儿子的.那个人。
(who在从句中作主语,先行词是man)The man whom I met yesterday is Jim.我昨天见到的那个人是吉姆。
(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是man)He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea.他想要个窗户面临大海的房间。
(whose在从句中作定语,它的先行词是room)I walked to the gate that opened towards the lake.我走向那扇临湖的大门。
(that在从句中作主语,它的先行词是gate)This is the pen which he bought yesterday.(which在从句中作宾语,它的先行词是pen,可省略)As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.众所周知,月球每个月绕地球转一周。
(as在从句中作主语,指代主句)(2)关系代词who,whom,whose的区别a) who和whom均只用于指人,不用于指事或物,其中who在定语从句中用作主语,whom在定语从句中用作宾语。
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词的区别定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词的从句结构。
在定语从句中,我们可以使用关系代词和关系副词来引导从句。
虽然它们的作用相似,但在使用上存在一些细微的区别。
本文将详细探讨定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区别。
一、关系代词的用法关系代词可以在定语从句中作为主语、宾语或宾语补足语。
它们用于引导从句并在从句中代替先行词。
1. 主语关系代词主语关系代词在定语从句中担任主语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“who”(指人),“which”(指物),以及“that”(人和物都可指)。
例如:- I know the girl who won the singing competition.(我认识那个赢得唱歌比赛的女孩。
)- Do you have the book which I lent you?(你有我借给你的那本书吗?)- The car that you bought is very expensive.(你买的那辆车很贵。
)2. 宾语关系代词宾语关系代词在定语从句中担任宾语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“whom”(指人),“which”(指物)以及“that”(人和物都可指)。
例如:- She introduced me to her brother whom I had never met before.(她介绍了她的弟弟给我,我以前从未见过他。
)- Is this the pen which you borrowed from me?(这是你从我这儿借的笔吗?)- I saw the movie that everyone was talking about.(我看了大家都在谈论的那部电影。
)3. 宾补关系代词宾补关系代词在定语从句中担任宾语补足语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“whom”(指人),“which”(指物)以及“that”(人和物都可指)。
例如:- They elected him as the captain whom they trusted.(他们选他当队长,因为他们信任他。
英语关系代词和关系副词一、英语关系代词英语关系代词,即用来引导定语从句的代词。
它们连接名词和定语从句,起到连接作用。
英语中的关系代词包括that、who、whom、whose和which。
1. thatthat代词既可以指人,也可以指物。
在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,一般用于限定性定语从句。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。
2. whowho代词只能指人,在定语从句中作主语或表语,一般用于非限定性定语从句。
此外,在口语中也常用作宾语。
例如:The man who is standing over there is my uncle.那个站在那里的人是我的叔叔。
3. whomwhom代词也只能指人,在定语从句中作宾语,作为介词的宾语时挪到介词前面,一般用于正式文体。
例如:The woman whom I met yesterday is a doctor.我昨天遇见的那个女人是个医生。
4. whosewhose代词用来表示所属关系,指人或物。
它一般在定语从句中修饰名词或代词,作用相当于“……的”。
例如:The boy whose father is a doctor is my classmate.那个父亲是医生的男孩是我的同学。
5. whichwhich代词只能指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,一般用于限定性定语从句。
例如:The computer which I bought yesterday is very expensive.我昨天买的那台电脑很贵。
二、英语关系副词英语中的关系副词包括when、where和why。
1. whenwhen代词用来引导时间状语从句,在从句中作时间状语,表示某个时间点或时间段。
例如:The day when I first met you was the happiest day in my life.我第一次遇见你的那一天是我一生中最幸福的日子。
英语关系代词关系副词知识关系代词和关系副词都是用来引导定语从句的连接词,在句子中起着连接主句和从句的作用。
它们的作用类似于中文中的“的”、“之”等关系词。
以下是英语中常见的关系代词和关系副词:一、关系代词(Relative Pronouns):1.who:用于代替人,作为主语或宾语。
例如:This is the man who helped me.(这就是帮助过我的那个人。
)2.whom:用于代替人,作为宾语。
通常在非正式语境中使用who代替。
例如:This is the man whom I met yesterday.(这就是我昨天遇见的那个人。
)3.whose:用于代替人或物,表示所属关系。
例如:This is the girl whose brother is my friend.(这是我朋友的妹妹。
)4.which:用于代替物,作为主语或宾语。
例如:This is the book which I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的书。
)5.that:用于代替人或物,作为主语或宾语。
通常在口语和非正式语境中使用,有时可省略。
例如:This is the house that Jack built.(这就是杰克建的那座房子。
)二、关系副词(Relative Adverbs):1.where:用于代替地点,在定语从句中作为地点状语。
例如:This is the place where I was born.(这就是我出生的地方。
)2.when:用于代替时间,在定语从句中作为时间状语。
例如:This is the day when we met.(这就是我们见面的那一天。
)3.why:用于代替原因,在定语从句中作为原因状语。
例如:This is the reason why he left.(这就是他离开的原因。
)。
英语语法什么是关系代词关系代词(Relative Pronouns)是英语语法中一类特殊的代词,用于引导关系从句(Relative Clauses)。
关系从句在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用,进一步解释或限定其意义。
关系代词在关系从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,并且同时引导从句和与主句之间的关系。
在英语中,有几个常见的关系代词,包括:1. who(指人,作主语或宾语)- The student who is sitting next to me is very intelligent.- Do you know the girl who I met yesterday?2. whom(指人,作宾语)- The woman whom I saw at the party is my neighbor.- He is a doctor whom I trust.3. which(指物,作主语或宾语)- The book which is on the table is mine.- Do you remember the movie which we watched last night?4. that(指人或物,作主语、宾语或表语)- The man that I met is a famous actor.- This is the house that we visited last week.5. whose(指人或物,用于所有格)- The boy whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.- Do you know the girl whose father is a professor?这些关系代词在引导关系从句时承担着不同的角色和功能,根据其在从句中的作用可以选择合适的关系代词。
同时,关系代词也可以在从句中充当连词的作用,将从句与主句连接起来,形成复合句。
1、关系代词(that, who, whom, whose, which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
例1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who / that在从句中作主语,指人)例2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom / that在从句中作宾语,指人)例3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语,指人)例4. Please pass me the book whose cover is green.(whose在句中作定语,指物。
)2、关系副词(when, where, why,)可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词,在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。
例6. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?例7. His father died the year (when / in which) he was born.例8.He can’t find the place (where / in which) he lived forty years ago.用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
缺少宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;不缺成分(作状语)用关系副词。
(判断对错)1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year.2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.例9. This is the museum ____ the exhibition was held.A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one 当堂练习:1. I still remember the day____we studied together.I still remember the day____we spent together.I still remember the day____was his birthday2.This is the factory___he used to work.This is the factory___we visited yesterday.This is the factory___makes this kind of car.This is the factory___ this kind of car is made.3.This is the reason___he explained.This is the reason___he failed in the exam.This is the reason___can explain why he was late.仅供个人用于学习、研究;不得用于商业用途。
关系代词的用法及总结1. 关系代词的定义和分类关系代词是一类用来引导定语从句的代词,用来表示一个句子与另一个句子的关系。
关系代词可以代替在主句中充当主语或宾语的名词,从而与先行词建立联系。
根据其作用和用法,关系代词分为以下几类:•主格关系代词:who, whoever, whom, whomever•宾格关系代词:whom, who, whoever, whomever•物主关系代词:whose•引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词:which, who, whom, whose•引导限制性定语从句的关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose2. 关系代词的用法2.1 主格关系代词的用法主格关系代词用来引导定语从句并在从句中充当主语。
根据先行词在主句中的作用,可以使用以下主格关系代词:•who: 代替人作主语,例如:–The woman who is standing over there is my boss.•whom: 代替人作主语,多用于正式场合,例如:–The man whom we met yesterday is the president of thecompany.•whoever: 无论是谁都作主语,相当于”anyone who”,例如:–Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.2.2 宾格关系代词的用法宾格关系代词用来引导定语从句并在从句中充当宾语。
根据先行词在主句中的作用,可以使用以下宾格关系代词:•whom: 代替人作宾语,例如:–The man whom she loves is a famous actor.•who: 代替人作宾语,多用于口语中,例如:–The teacher who I admire is very knowledgeable.•whoever: 无论是谁都作宾语,相当于”anyone whom”,例如:–I will help whoever needs assistance.2.3 物主关系代词的用法物主关系代词用来引导定语从句并在从句中表示所属关系。
关系代词
1、关系代词用来引导定语从句。
它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如:
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。
(该句中whom
既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。
)
2、关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。
在限定性定语从句中,that
可指人也可指物,见表:
例如:
This is the pencil whose point is broken. 这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。
(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)
He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回来取他丢下的书。
(which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)
★关系代词的用法
1、关系代词的句法功能
1)关系代词在句中作主语
例如:I prefer music that/which has great lyrics
2)关系代词在句中作宾语
例如:I like music that I can sing along with.
3)关系代词在句中作表语
例如:The house is not the one (that) it used to be.
2、关系代词在从句中作名词的定语
例如:Is she the teacher whose hair is very short?
3、关系代词的用法
1)who和whom的用法:二者都用于指人。
Who在定语从句中作主语、宾语,whom
在定语从句中作宾语。
Whom在从句中能坐介词的宾语,而who则不能。
例如:I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party
in the shopping center yesterday.
2)whose的用法:一般指人,有时也指物。
在定语从句中作定语。
例如:I have got a friend whose brother is training for the Olymoics. 3)which的用法:一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、偶尔作定语。
例如:The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min.
4)that的用法:指人或物,指人时可与who、whom互换,指物时可与that
互换。
在
从句中可作主语、宾语,还可作表语。
例如:It is a book (that/which) no one really likes.
4、用who不用that的情况
1)先行词是指人的不定代词时
例如:Congratulations to our winners and thanks to everyone who entered
the competitions.
2)先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中时例如:The boy was crying hard who lost his way while looking for his mother.
3)用在there be结构中。
例如:There is a young man who wants to see you.
4)避免重复或引起歧义。
例如:The man that spoke at the meeting is our new headmaster who has just come from Shanghai.
5)当先行词是I, you, he, they等时(常用语谚语之中)。
例如:He who plays with fire gets burned.
6)先行词如是指成员的集体名词,关系代词也用who。
例如:The family, who live upstairs, are fond of music.
7)先行词如是拟人化名词,关系代词也可用who。
例如:You will see the worker ants,who gather food for themselves and
for all the others.
8)先行词指特定的人时,关系代词多用who,不指特定的人时多用that。
例如:The aunt who came to see us last week is my father’s sister.
People that have not been properly trained can’t do this kind of qork.
5、在以下情况中,关系代词用that
1)先行词为all, little, few, none 及some-, any-, no-与thing所组成的复合单词时,只能用that。
例如:There is nothing that will stop us making progress.
2)先行词前有only, some, any等形容词修饰时,只能用that。
例如:This is the only problem that we can’t work out.
3)先行词前由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that。
例如:This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
4)先行词同时包括人和物时,只能用他和她,
例如:Lu Xun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great.
6、只能用which不能用that的情形
1)当非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时,只能用which
例如:The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing.
2)关系代词前面有介词时,只能用which
例如:The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down. 3)先行词本身就是that时
例如:I don’t like that which he did.
7、介词与关系代词
1)与关系代词搭配的介词的确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.
(2)依据先行词的某种下滚搭配来确定。
I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
(3)根据所表达的意思确定。
The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen. (4)在英语中有时为了强调某一名词,关系代词前也加上介词。
Here is the money with which to buy a piano.
2、关系代词作介词的宾语时,介词的位置
1)关系代词whom,which在从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间。
为了
使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的词,也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。
The old man whom the nurses are looking after is very well now.
2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
Is this the watch which he is looking for?
3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时,介词不能放在它的前面,只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。
The city that she lives in is very far away?
4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。
The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.
3、“名词/数词/代词/介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有:名词one/two/some/many/the+最高
级…+of+which/whom。
I have two sisters, both of whom are teachers.。