中学生百科英语1-U2-L2-Why Do People Laugh

U1-Animal : Lesson 3 - The Polar BearThe polar bear is a very big white bear. We call it the polar bear because it lives inside the Arctic Circle near the North Pole. There are no polar bears at the South Pole.The polar bear lives in the snow and ice. At the North Pole, there is only snow, ice, and water. There is not any land. People cannot see the polar bear in the snow very well because its coat is yellow-white. It has a very warm coat because the weather is cold north of the Arctic Circle.This bear is three meters long, and it weighs 450 kilos (kilograms). It can stand up on its back legs because it has very wide feet. It can use its front legs like arms. The polar bear can swim very well. It can swim 120 kilometers out into the water. It catches fish and sea animals for food. It goes into the sea when it is afraid.Some people want to kill the polar bear for its beautiful white coat. The governments of the United States and Russia say that no one can kill polar bears now. They do not want all of these beautiful animals to die.(200 words)中学生百科英语1-第一单元Animal 1。

中学生百科英语2:Thoughts& Notions01 The Zipper02 The Postage Stamp03 Pencils and Pens04 The Umbrella05 The Metric System06 Thai Boxing07 Sumo Wrestling08Tarahumara Foot Races09 Olympic Sports10 Greatathletes11 The Puffer Fish12 Foods from Around the World13 Chocolate14 The Blue Revolution15 Twenty-One Days Without Food16 The Marie Celeste17 The Roanoke Settlement18 The Easter Island Statues19 The Tunguska Fireball20Mystery of the Monarchs21 The History of Money22 Mass Marketing23 Inflation24 Doing Business Around the World25 Credit Cards1 The ZipperThe zipper is a wonderful invention. How did people ever live without zippers?They are very common, so we forget that they are wonderful. They are very strong,but they open and close very easily. They come in many colors and sizes.In the 1890s, people in the United States wore high shoes with a long row of buttons. Clothes often had rows of buttons, too. People wished that clothes were easier to put on and take off.Whitcomb L. Judson, an engineer from the United States, invented the zipper in 1893. However, his zippers didn't stay closed very well. This was embarrassing, and people didn't buy many of them. Then Dr. Gideon Sundback from Sweden solved this problem. His zipper stayed closed.A zipper has three parts: 1.Thereare dozens of metal or plastic hooks (called teeth) in two rows. 2. These hooks are fastened to two strips of cloth. The cloth strips are flexible. They bend easily. 3. A fastener slides along and joins the hooks together.When it slides the other way, it takes the hooks apart.Dr. Sundback put the hooks on strips of cloth. The cloth holds all the hooks in place. They don't come apart very easily. This solved the problem of the first zippers.(212 words)2 The Postage StampBefore the invention of the postage stamp, it was difficult to send a letter to another country. The sender paid for the letter to travel in his or her own country.Then the person in the other country paid for the rest of the trip. If a letter crossed several countries, the problem was worse.Rowland Hill, a British teacher, had the idea of a postage stamp with glue on the back. The British post office made the first stamps in 1840. They were the Penny Black and the Twopence Blue. A person bought a stamp and put it on a letter. The post office delivered the letter. When people received letters, they didn't have to pay anything. The postage was prepaid.Postage stamps became popular in Great Britain immediately. Other countries started making their own postage stamps very quickly.There were still problems with international mail. Some countries did not want to accept letters with stamps from other countries. Finally, in 1874, a German organized the Universal Postal Union (UPU). Each country in the UPU agreed to accept letters with prepaid postage from the other members. Today, the offices of the UPU are in Switzerland. Almost every country in the world is a member of this organization. It takes care of any international mail problems.Today, post offices in every country sell beautiful stamps. Collecting stamps is one of the most popular hobbies in the world, and every stamp collector knows about the Penny Black and the Twopence Blue.(250 words)3 Pencils and PensNo one knows who invented pencils or when it happened. A Swiss described a pencil in a book in 1565. He said it was a piece of wood with lead inside it. (Lead is a very heavy, soft, dark gray metal.) Pencils weren't popular, and people continued to write with pens. They used bird feathers as pens.Then, in 1795, someone started making pencils from graphite, and they became very popular. Graphite is like coal. (Coal is black, and we burn it for heat and energy.) Today, people make pencils in the same way. They grind the graphite, make it into the shape of a stick, and bake it. Then they put it inside a piece of wood. One pencil can write 50,000 English words or make a line 55 kilometers long.People wrote with feather pens and then used pens with metal points. They had to dip the point into ink after every few letters. Next, someone invented a fountain pen that could hold ink inside it. A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again.Two Hungarian brothers, Ladislao and Georg Biro, invented the ballpoint pen.They left Hungary and started making ballpoint pens in England in 1943, during World War II. English pilots liked the pens. They couldn't write with fountain pens in airplanes because the ink leaked out. Later, a French company called Bic bought the Biros' company.Some people call ballpoint pens "Bics." Australians call them "biros." Whatever we call them, we use them every day.(256 words)4 The UmbrellaThe umbrella is a very ordinary object. It keeps the rain and the sun off people.Most umbrellas fold up, so it is easy to carry them.However, the umbrella has not always been an ordinary object. In the past, it was a sign of royalty or importance. Some African tribes still use umbrellas in this way.Someone carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or important person.Umbrellas are very old. The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago. From there, umbrellas traveled to India, Persia, and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, men wouldn't use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women.When the Spanish explorers went to Mexico, they saw the Aztec kings using umbrellas. English explorers saw Native American princes carrying umbrellas on the east coast of North America. It seems that people in different parts of the world invented umbrellas at different times.England was probably the first country in Europe where ordinary people used umbrellas against the rain. England has a rainy climate, and umbrellas are very useful there.Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you carry one, remember that for centuries only great men and women used them. Perhaps you are really a king or queen, a princess or prince.(210 words)5 The Metric SystemPeople all over the world use grams, kilograms (kilos), meters, and liters. These are all ways to measure things. They are all part of the metric system.During the French Revolution (1789-1799) against the king, the revolutionary government started the metric system. Before that, every part of France had a different system for measuring things. Also, cloth makers measured cloth with one system. Jewelers used another system. Carpenters used another. Other countries used different systems. The revolutionary government wanted one scientific system of measurement. They asked a group of scientists and mathematicians to invent a system.The mathematicians and scientists decided to use the numbers ten, hundred, and thousand for their system.Next, they had to decide on a "natural" length. They chose one ten-millionth (1/ 10,000,000) of the distance from the equator to the North Pole. They called this distance the meter. Then they chose the gram for weighing things. A cubic centimeter of water weighs 1 gram.Mathematicians and scientists worked for 20 years until they finally had a complete measuring system. The biggest problem was measuring the meter.The metric system was a wonderful gift to the world. There are only a few countries that don't use it. The United States is one. The metric system is truly an international system.(214 words)6 Thai BoxingBoxing is popular in many countries. Two fighters wear boxing gloves on their hands. The boxers hit each other until one is knocked out or until the final bell rings.Each part of the fight is three minutes long. It is called a round.Thai boxing is different.The boxing match begins with music. Then the two fighters kneel and pray to God. Next, they do a slow dance that copies the movements of Thai boxing. During this dance, each fighter tries to show the other that he is best.Then the fight begins. In Thai boxing, the fighters can kick with their feet and hit each other with their elbows and knees. Of course, they hit with their hands, too.Each round is three minutes long. Then the boxers have a two-minute rest. Most boxers can fight only five rounds because this kind of fighting is very difficult.Thai boxing began over 500 years ago. If a soldier lost his weapons in a battle, he needed to fight with just his body. The soldiers learned how to use all the parts of their bodies. In 1560, the Burmese army captured Naresuen, the King of Thailand, in a war. King Naresuen was a very good boxer. He won his freedom from Burma by defeating all the best Burmese fighters. When he returned to Thailand, his people were very proud of him. Thai boxing became a popular sport.(237 words)7 Sumo WrestlingSumo wrestling is a national sport in Japan. Every year there are six tournaments,and millions of Japanese watch them on television. A tournament is a series of matches.Sumo is almost as old as the nation of Japan itself. Stories say that there was sumo wrestling over 2,000 years ago. There are written records of national sumo tournaments in the 8th century.In many sports, athletes are thin and can move very quickly. However, sumo wrestlers weigh from 100 to 160 kilos (kilograms). One famous wrestler weighed 195kilos. Sumo wrestlers do not move quickly, and sumo wrestling is a very slow sport.Sumo wrestlers start training when they are boys. They exercise to make their bodies strong. They also eat a lot.They wrestle in a round ring with a sand floor. A wrestler loses the match if he leaves the ring. He is also the loser if any part of his body except his feet touches the floor. Each wrestler tries to push the other down on the floor or out of the ring.Sometimes one wrestler just steps aside when the other wrestler rushes toward him.Then, the wrestler who is rushing falls down or moves out of the ring.Sumo is not very popular in other countries, but the Japanese think that it is a very exciting sport.(223 words)8Tarahumara Foot RacesThe Tarahumara live in the mountains in the state of Chihuahua in northern Mexico. This is an area of high mountains and deep tropical valleys. It sometimes snows in the mountains in winter. There are not many roads.The Tarahumara walk wherever they need to go. They carry heavy baskets on their backs. Perhaps this is why the Tarahumara can run many kilometers without getting tired. They are excellent runners, and they like to organize races.When the men race,they kick a wooden ball ahead of them while they run. Before they start racing, they plan where and how long they will run. They might run just a few minutes, or they might run for several hours. Sometimes they run in teams, and sometimes each person runs as an individual.The women's races are similar except that the women do not kick a ball. They throw a wooden hoop in front of them with a stick. A hoop is a ring, or a circle.The Tarahumara play other games and sports. However, they are famous because they can run so fast and so far.(185 words)9 Olympic SportsThe first modern Olympic Games took place in Athens, Greece, in the year 1896.Athletes from only 13 countries participated in the Games that year. They competed in 43 different events in just 9 sports (track and field, swimming, cycling, fencing,gymnastics, shooting, tennis, weight lifting, and wrestling). In 2004, the summer Olympic Games took place once again in Athens, Greece. This time athletes from 202 countries competed in 300 events in 28 sports.Only five sports have been in every Olympic Games. They are track and field,swimming, fencing, cycling, and gymnastics. Other sports come and go in the Olympic Games. For example, tennis was an Olympic sport from 1896 until 1924.Then it disappeared from the Olympics until 1988. Baseball, badminton, and taekwondo are more recent additions to the Olympic Games.It is the job of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to add and remove sports from the Olympic Games. A sport has to be popular in at least 50 countries on three continents before it can be added. However, the IOC doesn't want to add more sports to the Olympic Games without eliminating others. The IOC is afraid that there will be too many sports in the Olympics.Artistic events were also a part of the Olympic Games from 1912 to 1948. There were contests in architecture, music, literature, and painting. Today some people think that artistic events and games such as chess should be part of the Olympics.However, many people oppose this idea.The Olympic Games today are very different from the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. These differences reflect the changing definition and popularity of sports.(273 words)10 Great AthletesYou might think that Olympic athletes are the healthiest people in the world. It's true that many are. However, it's also true that quite a few Olympic athletes had to overcome illnesses early in their lives.One excellent example is Wilma Rudolph. She competed in track-and-field events in the 1960 Olympics. She didn't win just one gold medal. She won three. At the time, people called her "the fastest woman in the world."As a young child, Wilma Rudolph could not participate in sports. She had a series of serious illnesses, and then, at the age of 4, she got polio. She lost the use of her left leg, and the doctors said she would never walk again.The people in Rudolph's family did everything they could to help her walk again.Wilma and her mother frequently traveled 100 miles to get treatments for her leg. Her brothers and sisters took turns giving her leg a daily massage. Four times a day, they helped her do special exercises for her leg. Amazingly, by the time Rudolph was 9years old, she was able to walk again. Before long, she started playing basketball and running. In high school, she was a track star, and then she went to the Olympics.Wilma Rudolph retired from her career as a runner when she was 22 years old.She then became a teacher and track coach. Her story encouraged many people to work hard and to overcome difficulties.(244 words)11The Puffer FishMost people avoid eating dangerous foods. They don't want to get sick. However,there is one food that can be deadly, yet some people eat it on purpose. It's called the puffer fish.This kind of fish, called fugu in Japanese, lives in the Pacific Ocean. Some people die every year from eating fugu. In fact, the Emperor of Japan is not allowed to touch it. Why? Well, the insides of the puffer fish are very poisonous. They contain a poison 275 times more powerful than the deadly poison cyanide.Usually nothing bad happens when fugu is on a restaurant's menu. Customers feel great after the meal. That's because chefs are trained to remove the insides of the puffer fish before they give it to customers. If they miss even a small amount, the fish is not safe to eat.Puffer fish is very expensive. A plate of fugu costs more than $200 in some restaurants in Tokyo. Besides being dangerous to eat, the fish is very ugly, with spines all over its body. Also, it can puff, or blow, itself up to double its normal size.Why do the Japanese risk so much for such an ugly and dangerous fish? Well, some people like taking risks. And fugu tastes wonderful.(211 words)12 Foods from Around the WorldFoods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from other countries. Tourists and other travelers almost always get to try some unfamiliar food.That is part of the fun of traveling. Here are four people's experiences with foreign food.Shao Wong is a student in France. He comes from China. "I never had cheese or even milk before I came to France. Cattle are rare in my part of China, so there are no dairy products. I drank some milk when I first arrived in France. I hated it ! I tried cheese, too, but I didn't like it. I love ice cream, though, and that's made from milk."Birgit is from Sweden. She traveled to Australia on vacation. "I was in a restaurant that specialized in fish, and I heard some other customers order flake. So I ordered some, too, and it was delicious. Later, I found out that flake is an Australian term for shark. Now, whenever I see a new food, I try it on purpose. You know why? I remember how much I enjoyed flake."Chandra is a dentist in Texas. She is from India. "I'm afraid to try new foods because they might contain beef. I'm a Hindu, and my religion forbids me to eat meat from the cow. That's why I can't eat hamburgers or spaghetti with meatballs."Nathan is from the United States. He taught for a year in China. "My friends gave me some 100-year-old eggs to eat. I didn't like their appearance at all. The eggs were green inside, but my friends said the color was normal. The Chinese put chemicals on fresh eggs. Then they bury them in the earth for three months. So the eggs weren't really very old. Even so, I didn't want to touch them."Life in a new country can be scary, but it also can be fun. Would you eat a 100-year-old egg? Would you order shark in a restaurant?(328 words)13 ChocolateWe think of chocolate as something sweet. However, a long time ago, people thought of chocolate as something very bitter. For us, chocolate is a candy, but once it was a medicine. Today, chocolate can be a hot drink, a frozen dessert, or just a snack.Sometimes it's an ingredient in the main course of a meal. Mexicans make a hot chocolate sauce called mole and pour it over chicken. The Mexicans also eat chocolate with spices like chili peppers.Chocolate is a product of the tropical cacao tree. Cacao beans taste so bitter that even monkeys say "ugh!" and run away. The word chocolate comes from a Mayan word. The Mayas were an ancient people who once lived in Mexico. They valued the cacao tree. Some of the Mayas used cacao beans for money, while others ground them to make a bitter drink.When the Spaniards came to Mexico in the 16th century, they started drinking cacao, too. Because the drink was strong and bitter, they thought it was a medicine.When the Spaniards took the drink back to Europe, people discovered that sugar removed the bitter taste of cacao. Wealthy Spaniards heated the sweet drink and thought that it was good for their health.In the 19th century, an English company made the first solid block of sweetened chocolate. Now people could both drink and eat chocolate. Later, a Swiss company mixed milk and chocolate together. People liked the taste of milk chocolate even better.Besides the chocolate candy bar, one of the most popular American snacks is the chocolate-chip cookie. Favorite desserts are chocolate cream pie and, of course, an ice cream sundae with hot fudge sauce.(280 words)14 The Blue RevolutionThe population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2020, there could be 7.5billion people on earth. Will there be enough food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could solve this problem.However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems.Fish farming is not a new thing. There were fish farms in China 3,000 years ago.Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms.Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp,tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on processed food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5 tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The supply of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could become extinct. What will we do then?Critics of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans.They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also criticize fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish.Some people say that the farming methods being used now won't produce enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries are already experimenting with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean.Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to feed millions of people.At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment.(307 words)15 Twenty-One Days Without FoodWhy would someone decide to stop eating? We know that the body needs food in order to function well. However, many people fast at some time during their lives.Why is this?Some people fast for political reasons. In the early 20th century, women in England and the United States weren't allowed to vote. In protest, many women went on fasts. They hoped that fasting would bring attention to this injustice. Mohandas Gandhi, the famous Indian leader, fasted 17 times during his life. For Gandhi, fasting was a powerful political tool. In 1943, he fasted to bring attention to his country's need for independence. For 21 days, he went without food. Another famous faster was Cesar Chavez. In the 1960s, he fasted for three weeks. Why? His goal was to bring attention to the terrible working conditions of farm workers in the United States.Fasting is also a spiritual practice in many religions. Every year during the month of Ramadan, which is a religious holiday, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. Many Hindus fast on special occasions, as do some Christians and Buddhists.Of course, not everyone fasts for political or religious reasons. Some people occasionally fast just because it makes them feel better. The American writer Mark Twain thought fasting was the best medicine for common illnesses. Whenever he had a cold or a fever, he stopped eating completely. He said that this always made his cold or fever go away. Another American writer, Upton Sinclair, discovered fasting after years of overeating, indigestion, and headaches. His first fast lasted for 12 days.During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away.Sinclair said that fasting also made him more alert and energetic.Choosing to go without food can be very dangerous. However, that doesn't stop people from fasting for political, religious, or health reasons.(305 words)16 The Marie CelesteThere are many stories about the ocean. One of the strangest is a true story about a sailing ship. It is a mystery even today.In 1872, the Marie Celeste started on a trip across the Atlantic Ocean with a crew of ten people.Sometime later, the captain of another ship, the Dei Gratia, saw the Marie Celeste. There was something strange about its appearance. The captain called out, but there was no answer. The Marie Celeste seemed deserted.When the captain went to inspect the ship, no one came to meet him. He knew something was wrong, but there were no signs of violence. Nothing was missing, and there was no damage to the ship's instruments. And strangely enough, there was food on the table. Where was everyone? Did the crew jump from the Marie Celeste? Or did something come up from the ocean and take the captain and crew away?The captain of the Dei Gratia looked around for clues. The last entry in the Marie Celeste's diary was ten days earlier. However, the food on the table was only a few days old. Someone was on the ship a few days before, but they didn't write anything in the ship's diary. Why?There were many different explanations for the mystery of the Marie Celeste.Some people thought that a huge octopus ate the crew. Others said bad weather carried them away. A few people believed that the Marie Celeste was under a curse,because it sank on a later voyage. Now that the Marie Celeste lies somewhere at the bottom of the ocean, no one can ever solve the mystery.(274 words)17 The Roanoke SettlementOnly a few Europeans lived in North America in the 16th century. Most of them settled on the northeast coast. In 1587, a small group of about 100 people decided to 11/20go south. They moved to the small island of Roanoke. That area later became part of the state of North Carolina.Unfortunately, the Roanoke settlers weren't well prepared. They didn't have enough food for the winter, and there wasn't enough grain for future crops. Their leader, Captain White, decided to sail back to England to get supplies. However,there was a war in Europe, and three years passed before he returned to North America.When Captain White came back to Roanoke in 1590, he was eager to see the settlers. He looked out from his ship, but no one was there to meet him. There were no signs of life. The settlement was deserted.No one knows why the Roanoke settlers disappeared. Many people thought that hostile Native Americans killed them, but there were no signs of a fight. Some thought that the settlers died from hunger or disease, but they couldn't explain the absence of bodies.Many years later, more settlers came to North Carolina. One of them met a Native American group called the Lumbee. They were unusual looking compared to the black-haired, brown-eyed Native Americans in the north. Some Lumbee had blonde hair and gray eyes. Then he listened to their speech and almost fell off his horse.They seemed to speak an odd kind of English!He asked where they were from. None of them knew, but they said that their grandparents "talked from a book." Did they mean that their grandparents were able to read? As he rode back home,he asked himself a question: Were the Lumbee people the descendants of the Roanoke settlers?People are still asking the identical question. Because there are no written records,we can't be certain. However, there is one interesting fact. Today, some of the Lumbee people have names like Sampson, Dare, and Cooper. They are identical to the names of the vanished settlers ofRoanoke Island.(350 words)18 The Easter Island StatuesWhen the first sailing ship came to Easter Island in 1722 the captain and crew were afraid to land. They saw giants looking down at them from the high cliffs. The giants didn't move, so the ship slowly moved closer. Finally, the sailors realized that the giants were statues. Who made these huge statues? How did they get there?Easter Island is a very small island in the Pacific Ocean. It is more than 2,000miles from the nearest continent (South America). It is one of the most isolated places on earth.The biggest statue on Easter Island is over 60 feet high and weighs over 100 tons.There are hundreds of smaller ones, about 15 feet high. All of the statues are made of stone, and some wear stone hats. Their faces are solemn and unsmiling.Earlier inhabitants of Easter Island made the statues from the rocks in a volcanic crater. Next, they had to move the statues a long distance. In some cases, they moved the statues to locations more than ten miles away.No one knows for certain how the inhabitants were able to move the statues. Some scientists say that palm trees grew on Easter Island in the past. They think the inhabitants cut the trees down and placed the heavy statues on the trees. Then groups of 70 or more people rolled the statues to their present locations. Other scientists disagree with this theory because there are no palm trees on the island today. More important, the purpose of the statues is still a mystery. Was the purpose of the statues to prevent strangers from landing on the island?The result, however, has been the opposite. Large groups of eager people come to look at the statues. Easter Island now has a modern airport, and people come from all over the world to visit.。

中学生百科英语1U1-U2(总4页)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除Unit one Lesson one: The kiwi第一单元，第一课：无翼鸟The kiwi lives only in NewZealand. It is very strange bird .Because it can not fly.The kiwi is the same size as a chicken.It has no wings or tail.It does not have feathers like other birds.It feathers look like hair.Each foot has four toes.It's beak is very long. A kiwilikes to have a lot of trees around it. It sleeps during theday.Because sunlight hurts its eyes.It can smell things very well.It smells things better than most birds do.The kiwis eggs are very big. There're only a few kiwis in New Zealand now. People do not often see them. The government says that people can not kill kiwis. New Zealanders want their kiwis to live.There is a picture of a kiwi in New Zealand money. People from New Zealand sometimes called "kiwis".无翼鸟住在新西兰，它是一只很奇怪的鸟，因为，它不会飞，无翼鸟跟小鸡的大小相同，它没有翅膀，也没有尾巴，它没有像别的鸟一样的尾巴，它的羽毛看起来很像头发，每只脚都有4个脚指头，它的嘴巴很长。

Unit one Lesson one: The kiwi第一单元，第一课：无翼鸟The kiwi lives only in NewZealand. It is very strange bird .Because it can not kiwi is the same size as a has no wings or does not have feathers like other feathers look like foot has four 's beak is very long. A kiwi likes to have a lot of trees around it. It sleeps during the sunlight hurts its can smell things very smells things better than most birds kiwis eggs are very big.There're only a few kiwis in New Zealand now. People do not often see them. The government says that people can not kill kiwis. New Zealanders want their kiwis to is a picture of a kiwi in New Zealand money. People from New Zealand sometimes called "kiwis".无翼鸟住在新西兰，它是一只很奇怪的鸟，因为，它不会飞，无翼鸟跟小鸡的大小相同，它没有翅膀，也没有尾巴，它没有像别的鸟一样的尾巴，它的羽毛看起来很像头发，每只脚都有4个脚指头，它的嘴巴很长。

无翼鸟喜欢周围有很多树。

它白天睡觉，因为，阳光会伤害它的眼睛。

Reading and Vocabulary Development Unit 2 Lesson 2 Why Do People Laugh?Do you laugh every day? Most people do . Scientists say that people laugh about 17 times a day. That is a lot of laughter.In India, there are hundreds of laughter clubs. The people in these clubs get together every morning. First they stretch their hands above their heads. Then they pretend to laugh. Soon everyone is laughing naturally. People say they feel good after laughing together.Scientists believe that laughter is good for you . Why? For one thing, Laughter is good exercise. When you laugh, you exercise many muscles in you body. Scientists say that one hundred laughs equals ten minutes of running. When you laugh, you also breathe deeply. This helps you relax. That’s g ood for you,too.Why do we laugh? That is a hard question to answer. We know that people laugh more often in a group. They don’t laugh very often when they are alone.Many scientists believe that we use laughter to connect to other people. Laughter helps us feel part of a group.In English, people say that laughter is the best medicine. Some think that laughter helps sick people get well. Do you think so,too?1.True ,False of NG(not given)______1). There are laughter clubs in many countries.______2). Laughter is a kind of exercise.______3). You need to stretch before you laugh.______4).People laugh more often when they are alone.______5). All mammals laugh.______6).Laughter clubs help people feel good.______7).Laughter might help us connect to other people.2.Circle the number of the main idea of the text.ughter helps you relax.B. Laughter is good for you .C. People laugh every day.3. Put the right word in each blank.clubs exercise medicine relax connect hardnaturally well equals laugh pretend soon1)In the movies, actors ____________to be someone else.2)It’s hard to ___________before a test.3)Five plus ten _____________fifteen.4)You need to ____________a telephone before you can use it.5)Playing soccer, walking, and bicycling are types of _______.6)You should go to a doctor when you don’t feel________.7)It’s __________to laugh when you hear something funny.8)You can buy _________________in a drugstore or pharmacy.9)Many high school students belong to school _____________.10)I think science is easy, but my brother thinks it is __________.11)I like her stories because they make me ___________.12) The bus should be here ___________. It’s never late.。

中学生百科英语第一册Unit1 Lesson 1（01）The kiwiThe kiwi lives only in New Zealand. It is a very strange bird because it cannot fly. The kiwi is the same size as a chicken. It has no wings or tail. It does not have feathers like other birds. Its feathers look like hair. Each foot has four toes. Its beak is very long.A kiwi likes to have a lot of trees around it. It sleeps during the day because the sunlight hurts its eyes. It can smell things very well. It smells things betterthan most birds do. The kiwi’s eggs arevery big.There are only a few kiwis in the New Zealand now. People do not often see them. The government says that people cannot kill kiwis. New Zealanders want their kiwis to live.There is a picture of kiwi on New Zealand money. People from New Zealand are sometimes called “kiwis”(147 words)Unit1 Lesson 2（02）The CamelThe camel can go without water for a long time. Some people think it store water inits hump.This is not true. It stores food in its hump. The camel’s body changes the food into fat. Then it stores the fat into its hump. It doesn’t store the fat all over its body. Fat all over an animal’s body keeps the animal warm. Camels live in the desert. They do not want to be warm during the day.The desert is very hot. The camel gets hotter and hotterduring the day. It stores the heat in its body because the nights are cool.The Arabian camel has one hump. TheBactrian camel of Central Asia has two humps.It also has long, thick hair because winters are cold in Centre Asia.There is a lot of sand in the desert. The camel has long eyelashes. The eyelashes keep the sand out of the camel’s eyes.Arabic has about 150 words to describe a camel. Many people who speak Arabic need all these words because the camel is very important to them.(185 words)Unit1 Lesson 3（03）The Polar BearThe polar bear is a very big white bear. We call it the polar bear because it lives inside the Arctic Circle near the North Pole. There are no polar bears at the South Pole.The polar bear lives in the snow and ice. At the North Pole, there is only snow, ice, and water. There is not any land. People cannot see the polar bear in the snow very well because its coat is yellow-white. It has a very warm coat because the weather is cold north of the Arctic Circle.This bear is three meters long, and it weighs450 kilos(kilograms). It can stand up on its back legs because it has very wide feet. It can use its front legs like arms. The polar bear can swim very well. It can swim 120 kilometers out into the water. It catches fish and sea animals for food. It goes into the sea when it is afraid.Some people want to kill the polar bear for its beautiful white coat. The governments of the United States and Russia say thatno one can kill polar bears now. They do not wantall of these beautiful animals to die.(200 words)Unit1 Lesson 4（04）The HippopotamusThe hippopotamus, or hippo, lives in the hot part of Africa. It is a mammal. That is, its babies are born alive, and they drink milk from the mother's body. The hippopotamus is a large animal. It weighs four tons. Its stomach is seven meters long, and it eats only plants. It is a mammal, but it spends a lot of time in the water.During the day, it sleeps beside a river or a lake. Sometimes it wakes up. Then it goes under the water to get some plants for food. It can close its nose and stay under water for ten minutes. Its ears, eyes, and nose are high up on its head. It can stay with its body under the water and only its ears, eyes, and nose above the water. Then it can breathe the air.At night, the hippo walks on the land and looks for food. It never goes very far from the water.A baby hippo often stands on its mother’s back. The mother looks for food underwater. The baby rides on her back above the water.(184 words)Unit1 Lesson 5（05）The DolphinCan dolphins talk Maybe they can't talk with words, but they talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds.Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a "school." They don't study, but they travel together.Dolphins are mammals, not fish, but they swim together in a school.Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say "Welcome" when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play.They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds because the sounds are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them.Sometimes people catch dolphins for a large aquarium.(An aquarium is a zoo for fish.) People can watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins don't like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely.There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebody's life. Dolphin meat is good, but people don't like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this.(201 words)。

中学生百科英语1第五单元lesson2全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Teenagers' Encyclopedia English 1 Unit 5 Lesson 2Introduction:Welcome to Teenagers' Encyclopedia English 1! In this unit, we will be exploring various interesting topics related to science, technology, and the environment. In Lesson 2, we will be focusing on the impact of climate change on the planet and what we can do to help mitigate its effects.Climate Change:Climate change refers to the long-term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a place. This change is primarily caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, leading to a gradual increase in the Earth's temperature.Effects of Climate Change:The effects of climate change are wide-reaching and can be seen in various aspects of our environment. One of the most significant impacts is the melting of polar ice caps, leading to a rise in sea levels and threatening coastal communities. Additionally, extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, are becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change.Helping Mitigate Climate Change:As teenagers, there are several ways in which we can help mitigate the effects of climate change. One of the most important actions we can take is to reduce our carbon footprint by using energy-efficient appliances, carpooling, and recycling. Additionally, we can support renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, which do not produce greenhouse gases.Conclusion:In conclusion, climate change is a serious issue that requires immediate action from all of us. By making small changes in our daily lives and supporting sustainable practices, we can help protect our planet for future generations. Remember, every little effort counts in the fight against climate change!篇2Welcome to the world of animals! In this lesson, we will explore the amazing world of animals and learn about their characteristics, habitats, and behaviors. Let's dive in!Animals are a fascinating group of organisms that come in all shapes and sizes. From the tiny ant to the majestic lion, animals are an essential part of our ecosystem. They play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of nature and are essential for the well-being of our planet.One of the key characteristics of animals is their ability to move. Unlike plants, animals have the ability to move from one place to another in search of food, shelter, or mates. This ability to move makes animals incredibly diverse and adaptable to different environments.Animals also have a wide range of habitats, from the vast oceans to the dense rainforests. Each animal is uniquely adapted to its environment, with special features that help them survive and thrive. For example, polar bears have thick fur coats and layers of fat to keep them warm in the freezing Arctic, while camels have humps to store water in the hot desert.In addition to their physical characteristics, animals also exhibit a wide range of behaviors. From hunting and foraging to mating and raising young, animals have complex socialstructures and interactions. For example, elephants live intight-knit family groups led by a matriarch, while wolves hunt in packs to take down large prey.However, not all animals are the same. Some animals are domesticated and live alongside humans as pets or livestock. Dogs, cats, and horses are some of the most common domesticated animals, providing companionship, protection, and help with farm work.Overall, animals are an integral part of our world and have a lot to teach us about the beauty and diversity of life. So the next time you see a bird flying overhead or a squirrel scurrying up a tree, take a moment to appreciate the wonders of the animal kingdom.篇3Lesson 2 of Unit 5 in High School Encyclopedia English 1 is titled "The Solar System". In this lesson, students will learn about the sun, the eight planets in our solar system, and other celestial bodies such as moons, asteroids, and comets. Let's delve into the fascinating world of our cosmic neighborhood!The sun is the center of our solar system and the source of heat and light for all the planets. It is a massive ball of hot gasthat is about 93 million miles away from Earth. The sun's energy is created through a process called nuclear fusion, where hydrogen atoms are converted into helium. The sun’s gravity holds the entire solar system in orbit around it.Moving outwards from the sun, the first planet in our solar system is Mercury. It is the smallest and closest planet to the sun. Mercury has a rocky surface and no atmosphere to speak of. It is also the fastest planet, completing its orbit around the sun in just 88 Earth days.Next is Venus, often called Earth's sister planet because of its similar size and composition. However, Venus has a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide that traps heat, making it the hottest planet in our solar system. Surface temperatures can reach a scorching 870 degrees Fahrenheit!Earth is the third planet from the sun and the only one known to support life. It has a diverse range of ecosystems and unique features like oceans, mountains, and a variety of climates. Earth also has a natural satellite, the moon, which orbits around it.Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and is often referred to as the Red Planet because of its reddish color. Mars has a thin atmosphere and is home to the largest volcano in the solarsystem, Olympus Mons. Scientists believe that Mars may have once had water on its surface, leading to speculation about the possibility of past life on the planet.The fifth planet from the sun is Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system. It is a gas giant with a thick atmosphere and a turbulent surface marked by massive storms, including the famous Great Red Spot. Jupiter also has a large number of moons, with the four largest known as the Galilean moons.Saturn is the sixth planet from the sun and is known for its stunning ring system. These rings are made up of ice particles and small rocks, creating a beautiful and distinctive feature that sets Saturn apart from the other planets. Saturn also has over 80 moons, with Titan being the largest and most well-known.Uranus is the seventh planet from the sun and is unique in that it rotates on its side, causing its north and south poles to point towards and away from the sun at different times. Uranus is an icy giant with a blue-green color due to the presence of methane in its atmosphere.Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the sun. It is a frigid world with a deep blue coloration and strong winds that can reach speeds of over 1,200 miles per hour. Neptune has asystem of rings and 14 known moons, the largest of which is Triton.In addition to the planets, our solar system also contains other celestial bodies such as moons, asteroids, and comets. Moons are natural satellites that orbit planets and come in a variety of sizes and compositions. Asteroids are rocky bodies that orbit the sun, with most located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Comets are icy bodies that originate from the outer solar system and have long tails of gas and dust when they approach the sun.Studying the solar system provides us with a greater understanding of the universe and our place within it. By exploring the planets, moons, and other celestial bodies, we can learn more about the processes that shaped our solar system and continue to shape the cosmos. The mysteries of the universe are endless, and the more we learn about it, the more awe and wonder it inspires in us.In conclusion, Lesson 2 of Unit 5 in High School Encyclopedia English 1 introduces students to the wonders of the solar system. By learning about the sun, planets, moons, asteroids, and comets, students gain a deeper appreciation for the vastness and complexity of the universe. The study ofastronomy not only expands our knowledge but also fuels our curiosity and imagination about the cosmos. Let us continue to explore and discover the secrets of the universe, one celestial body at a time.。

中学生百科英语1测试题1-3单元文档中学生百科英语 1测试题（ unit1-2）一．英汉互译 1 奇怪的 _________ 2羽毛 __3翅膀 ___ __4鸟嘴 ____ 5 政府 ___ 6在??期间 ________ 7骆驼 _______ 8描述 ______ 9沙漠___ 10睫毛___ ___ 11加热 ___ ___ 12称重___ ___ 13抓住___14害怕 _______________ __15胃 _______ 16哺乳动物 ____ 17呼吸___18活着的_______________ ___ 19植物___ ___20鱼群____________ ____ 21海豚 ___22科学家 _______________ ___ 23孤独地___ ___ 24相信___ _____ 25一起 __26传染的 _______________ ___ 27易传染的_ _____ 28灵敏的____ 29伸展__30肌肉_______________ __31打哈欠 _____________ ___ 32兴奋的 _ ______ 33笑声 __34自然地_______________ __35假装 _____________ ___36联系 ____________ ____ 37等于 _38药 ________ 39放松的 _____ 40咸的 ___41蒸发__42百分比_______________ 43出名的___44混合____________ ____ 45敌人 46必须的 47有毒的 ___48热带 ____________ _____ 49昂贵的 50便宜点 51逃离 52远离_________ 53收集 __________ 54毒药 __________ 55代替 56 彼此__ ________ 57翻译_ ______ 58字母表 _____ 59手势拼写 _________ 60 专业的 _________ 61受损的 _________ 62例如 _____ ___63耳背的________ 64标志_ ___________ 65阿拉伯人___________ 二．翻译句子1.基维鸟在白天睡觉，因为阳光会伤害到他的眼睛。

中学⽣百科英语必背Unit 1The Kiwi1.strange [streind?] adj. 奇怪的2.wing [wi?] n. 翅膀,翼3.tail [teil] n. 尾部4.feather ['fee?] n. ⽻⽑5.each [i:t?] adj. 每个6.beak [bi:k] n. 鸟嘴7.around [?'raund] prep. 在……周围8.sunlight ['s?nlait] n. 阳光9.smell [smel] v. 闻10.kill [kil] v. 杀/doc/1810747066.html ernment ['g?v?nm?nt] n. 政府The Camel1.camel ['k?m?l] n. 骆驼2.without [wie'aut] prep. 没有3.store [st?:] v. 储存4.hump [h?mp] n. 驼峰5.true [tru:] adj. 真实的6.change [t?eind?] v. 改变7.fat [f?t] n. 脂肪8.desert[?dez?t]n. 沙漠9.heat [hi:t] n. 热量10.Arabian [?'reibi?n] adj. 阿拉伯(⼈)的11.Bactrian[?b?ktri?] n. 双峰驼/doc/1810747066.html ['ei??] n. 亚洲13.thick [θik] adj. 厚的14.eyelash [?a?l??]n. 睫⽑15.Arabic ['?r?bik] n. 阿拉伯语16.important [im'p?:t?nt] adj. 重要的17.central [?sentr?l]adj. 中部的The Polar Bear1.polar ['p?ul?] adj. 两极的2.inside ['in'said] adv. 在⾥⾯3.arctic circle ['ɑ:ktik] ['s?:kl]北极圈4.north pole [n?:θ] [p?ul] 北极5.meter ['mi:t?] n. ⽶6.weigh [wei] v. 称重量7.kilogram ['kil?gr?m] n. 千克8.wide [waid] adj. 宽阔的9.afraid [?'freid] adj. 害怕的10.united states [ju'naitid] [steits] n. 美国The Hippopotamus1.hippopotamus [hip?'p?t?m?s] n. 河马2.Africa ['?frik?] n. ⾮洲3.mammal ['m?m?l] n. 哺乳动物4.born [b?:n] adj. 天⽣的5.alive [?'laiv] adj. 活着的6.plant [plɑ:nt] n. 植物/doc/1810747066.html ke [leik] n. 湖8.above [?'b?v] prep. 在...上⾯9.breathe [bri:e] v. 呼吸The Dolphin1.dolphin ['d?lfin] n. 海豚2.sound [saund] n. 声⾳3.feeling ['fi:li?] n. 感觉4.group [gru:p] n. 群5.school [sku:l] n. 鱼群6.together [t?'gee?] adv. ⼀起/doc/1810747066.html rmation [inf?'mei??n] n. 信息8.scientist ['sai?ntist] n. 科学家9.tape [teip] n. 录⾳带10.aquarium [?'kw?ri?m] n. ⽔族馆11.lonely ['l?unli] adj. 孤独的;寂寞的12.save [seiv] v. 解救13.life [laif] n. ⽣命14.luck [l?k] n. 运⽓U2Why Do We Yawn?1. yawn [j?:n] v. 打呵⽋2. quickly [?kw?kli] adv. 快地3. contagious [k?n?te?d??s] adj. 有传染性的4. bored [b?:d] adj. ⽆聊的5. might [ma?t] aux. 可能精品⽂档6. however [ha??ev?(r)] adv. 然⽽7. excited [?k?sa?t?d] adj. 感到兴奋的8. race [re?s] n. 赛跑9. alert[??l?:t]adj. 警觉的；警惕的10. deeply[?di:pli]adv. 在深处11. stretch [stret?] v. 伸展; 延伸12. muscle [?m?sl] n. 肌⾁Why Do People Laugh？1. laugh [lɑ:f]v. ⼤笑2. club [kl?b] n. 社团3. pretend [pr??tend] v. 假装4. soon [su:n] adv. 马上5. naturally [?n?t?r?li]adv. ⾃然地6. exercise [?eks?sa?z] n. 练习v. 锻炼7. equal [?i:kw?l] adj. 平等的v. 等于8. relax [r??l?ks] v. （使）放松9. hard [hɑ:d]adj. 硬的; 困难的; 努⼒的; adv. 努⼒地; 猛⼒地; 严重地10. connect [k??nekt] v. 连接11. well [wel] adv. 好地; adj.健康的Why Is The Sea Salty?1. salt [s?:lt] n. 盐2. Earth [?:θ] n. 地球3. mix [m?ks] v. 混合4. ocean [n] n. 海洋5. carry [?k?ri] v. 携带6. move [mu:v] v. 移动7. cloud [kla?d] n. 云8. evaporate [??v?p?re?t] n. 蒸发9. percent [p?'sent] n. 百分之⼀10. famous [?fe?m?s] adj. 著名的How Can A Plant Kill?1. enemy [?en?mi] n. 敌⼈2. kind [ka?nd] n. 种类3. poisonous [?p??z?n?s] adj. 有毒的4. grow [gr??] v. ⽣长；种植5. tropics ['tr?p?ks] n. 热带地区6. expensive [?k?spens?v] adj. 贵的7. cheap [t?i:p] adj. 便宜的8. collect [k??lekt] v. 收集9. instead of [?n?sted]adv. 代替How Do Many Hearing-Impaired People Talk?1. hearing-impaired [?m?pe?d] adj. 受损的2. sign [sa?n] n. 符号3. each other 彼此4. both [b??θ] pron. 两者都5. interpret [?n?t?:pr?t] v. 解释6. whole [h??l] adj. 全部的；完整的U3The Date Palm1. date [de?t] n. 海枣2. palm [pɑ:m] n. 棕榈树3. wonderful [?w?nd?fl] adj. 美妙的4. feed [fi:d] v. 喂养5. leaf [li:f] n. 叶⼦6.wood [w?d] n. ⽊材7. burn [b?:n] v. 燃烧8. stone [st??n] n. ⽯头9. museum [mju?zi:?m] n. 博物馆The Water Hyacinth1. hate [he?t] v. 恨2. disease [d??zi:z] n. 疾病3. crop [kr?p] n. 农作物4. machine [mi:n] n. 机器5. fertilizer [?f?:t?la?z?(r)] n. 肥料6. energy [?en?d?i] n. 能量7. Methane [?mi:θe?n] n. 甲烷，沼⽓Rice1. even [?i:vn]adv. 甚⾄2. probably [?pr?b?bli] adv. ⼤概3. soil [s??l] n. 泥⼟4. insect [??nsekt] n. 昆⾍5. broom [bru:m] n. 扫帚6. rug [r?g] n. ⼩块地毯7. sandal [?s?ndl]n. 凉鞋8. roof [ru:f] n. 屋顶Oranges1. section [?sek?n] n. 部分2. seed [si:d] n. 种⼦3. skin [sk?n] n. ⽪肤；果⽪4. shiny [??a?ni] adj. 发光的5. wild [wa?ld] adj. 野外的6. raise [re?z] v. 种植7. around [??ra?nd] adv. ⼤约8. Spanish [?sp?n??] n. 西班⽛⼈The Coffee Plant1. chance [t?ɑ:ns] n. 机会2. Brazil [br??z?l] n. 巴西3. Indonesia [??nd??'ni:zj?] n. 印尼4. Ivory Coast [?aiv?ri?k?ust] 象⽛海岸（⾮洲）5. Ethiopia [?i:θ?'??p??] n. 埃塞俄⽐亚（⾮洲东部国家）6. produce [pr??dju:s] v. 产⽣7. typically [?t?p?kli] adv. 通常; 典型地8. protect [pr??tekt] v. 保护9. modern [?m?dn] adj. 现代的10. unfortunately [?n?f?:t??n?tli] adv. 不幸地U4Music and Behaviour1. affect [??fekt] v. 影响2. behave [b??he?v] v. 表现; 举⽌端正3. classical [?kl?s?kl] adj. 古典的4.background [?b?kgra?nd] n. 背景5. loud [la?d] adj. 响亮的，⼤声的6. chew [t?u:] v. 咀嚼7. careful [?ke?fl] adj. 仔细的Blues and Jazz1. slave [sle?v] n. 奴⾪2. century [?sent??ri] n. 世纪3. blues [blu:z] n. 蓝调⾳乐4. Jazz [d??z] n. 爵⼠乐5. express [?k?spres]v. 表达6. instrument [??nstr?m?nt] n. 仪器; 乐器7. guitar [g??tɑ:(r)]n. 吉他8. harmonica [hɑ:?m?n?k?]n. ⼝琴9. composer [k?m?p??z?(r)] n. 作曲家10. add [?d] v. 增加Rock and Roll1. band [b?nd] n. 带; 乐队2. performer [p??f?:m?(r)] n. 表演者3. mixture [?m?kst??(r)] n. 混合；混合物4. fan [f?n] n. 扇⼦；迷5. nervous [?n?:v?s] adj. 紧张的6. record [?rek?:d] n. 唱⽚7. compact disc [k?m?p?kt disk]光盘8. company [?k?mp?ni] n. 公司Country Western music1.cattle [?k?tl] n. (总称) ⽜，牲⼝2. dangerous [?de?nd??r?s] adj. 危险的3. alone [??l??n] adj. 单独的4. calm [kɑ:m]adj. 平静的5. peaceful [?pi:sfl]adj. 和平的6. either [?a?e?(r)] pron. （两者之中）任何⼀个7. violin [?val?n] n. ⼩提琴8. can [k?n] n. 罐⼦Latin Music and Salsa1. common [?k?m?n] adj. 普通的2. enjoy [?n?d] v. 喜欢; 享受; 过得快活3. beat [bi:t] v. 接连地击打4. orchestra [??:k?str?] n. 管弦乐队5. while [wa?l] conj. 在…期间6. roast [r??st] v. 烤7. bake [be?k] v. 烘焙8. oven [??vn] n. 烤箱9. fry [fra?] v. 油炸10. taste [te?st] n. 滋味11. Portuguese [?p?:t?u?gi:z]n. 葡萄⽛语; 葡萄⽛⼈12. international [??nt??n??n?l] adj. 国际的U5Work Hour1. enough [??n?f] adj. ⾜够的2. vary [?ve?ri] v. 变化3. employee [?m?pl??i:] n. 雇⼯4. extra [?ekstr?] adj. 额外的5. earn [?:n] v. 赢得6. overtime [v?ta?m] adv. 超时地; 加班地7. vacation [v??ke??n] n. 假期8. average [??v?r?d?] adj. 平均的9. dull [d?l] adj. 迟钝的Salaries1. salary [?s?l?ri] n. 薪⽔2. private [?pra?v?t] adj. 私有的3. pilot [?pa?l?t] n. 飞⾏员4. profession [pr??fe?n] n. 职业5. waiter [?we?t?(r)] n. 服务员6. benefit [?ben?f?t] n. 利益7. employer [?m?pl(r)] n. 雇主8. health [helθ]n. 健康9. insurance [?nr?ns] n. 保险费10. plus [pl?s] prep. （表⽰运算）加Family-Friendly Companies1. rule [ru:l] n. 规则2. allow [??la?] v. 允许3. flexible [?fleks?bl] adj. 灵活的4. schedule [??edju:l][?sked?u:l] n. 时刻表5. increase [?n?kri:s]v. 增加6. share [?e?(r)] n. 分享7. leave [li:v] v. 离开8. female [?fi:me?l] adj. ⼥性的9. unpaid [??n?pe?d] adj. 未付的10. male [me?l] adj. 男性的Work Clothes1. decision [d??s??n] n. 决定2. uniform [?ju:n?f?:m] n. 制服3. code [k??d] n. 代码；编码4. casual [?k??u?l] adj. 随便的5. comfortable [?k?mft?bl] adj. 舒适的6. special [?spe?l] adj. 特殊的; 专⽤的7. sportswear [?sp?:tswe?(r)] n. 运动装Time Off1. commute [k??mju:t] v. 通勤2. prepare [pr??pe?(r)] v. 准备3. leisure [?le??(r)] n. 闲暇4. obviously [??bvi?sli] adv. 明显地5. channel [?t??nl] n. 频道6. program [?pr??gr?m] n. 程序7. surf [s?:f] v. 冲浪U6The Sami of Northern Europe1. Sami [?s?mi] n. 萨⽶⼈2. Norway ['n?:we?] n. 挪威（欧洲国家）3. Sweden ['swi:dn] n. 瑞典4. Finland ['f?nl?nd] n. 芬兰5. Russia ['r] n. (1917年以前的)俄罗斯帝国6. coast [k??st] n. 海岸7. traditional [tr??dnl] adj. 传统的8. nomad [?n??m?d] n. 游牧民9. reindeer[?re?nd??(r)] n. 驯⿅10. dig [d?g] n. 挖掘11. tent [tent] n. 帐篷12. less [les] adj. 较少的13. skis [ski?] v. 滑雪n. 滑雪板；雪橇14. sled [sled] n. <美>雪撬15. trip [tr?p] n. 旅⾏16. future ['fju?t??(r)] n. 将来17. holiday ['h?l?de?] n. 假⽇The Ainu of Japan1. island ['a?l?nd] n. 岛屿2. Hokkaido [h?'kaid?u] n. 北海道(⽇本第⼆⼤岛)3. wavy ['we?vi] adj. 波浪形的4. mustache [m?'stɑ??] n. ⼩胡⼦5. completely [k?m'pli?tli]adv. 完全地6. hunter ['h?nt?(r)] n. 猎⼈7. religion [r?'l?d??n] n. 宗教8. middle ['m?dl] adj. 中间的；中等的；中期的9. attend [?'tend] v. 出席；参加10. right [ra?t] n. 权利11. promote [pr?'m??t] v. 促进；提升；推销；弘扬12. Ainu ['a?n?] n. 阿伊努⼈13. beard [b??d] n. 胡须14. demand [d?'mɑ?nd]v. 要求15. response [r?'sp?ns] n. 响应The Yanomami of the Amazon1. perhaps [p?'h?ps] adv. 也许；可能2. area ['e?ri?] n. ⾯积；地区3. outsider [?a?t'sa?d?(r)] n. 外⾏；旁观者；局外⼈4. Venezuela [?ven?'zwe?l?] n. 委内瑞拉5. spiritual ['sp?r?t?u?l] adj. 精神的；⼼灵的6. miner ['ma?n?(r)] n. 矿⼯7. logger ['l?ɡ?(r)] n. 樵夫；伐⽊⼯8. noise [n??z] n. 噪声9. polluted [p?'lu?t?d] adj. 被污染的；喝醉的10. die [da?] v. 死11. destroy [d?'str??] v. 破坏12. destruction [d??str?k?n] n. 摧毁; 破坏13. progress ['pr??ɡres] n. 进步14. Yanomami n. 亚诺玛⽶⼈15. Amazon [??m?z?n] n. 亚马逊河（南美洲⼤河）The Hopi of Arizona1. Hopi['h??pi] n. 霍⽪族(北美印第安⼈之⼀族)；2. Arizona n. 亚利桑那(美国州名)3. highway ['ha?we?] n. 公路4. somehow ['s?mha?] adv. 以某种⽅式5. freeze [fri?z] v. 冻结6. blow [bl??] v. 吹7. goat [ɡ??t]n. ⼭⽺8. truck [tr?k] n. 卡车9. Kachina [ke?t'?a?n?] n. 克奇纳神(霍⽪印第安⼈崇拜的祖灵)10. alike [?'la?k] adj. 相似的；同样的11. adult ['?d?lt] n. 成年⼈12. nearby [?n??'ba?] adj. 附近的adv. 在附近The Maori of New Zealand1. Maori ['ma?ri] n. ⽑利⼈；⽑利语adj. ⽑利⼈的；⽑利语的2. Polynesian [?p?l?'ni:z??n] n. 波利尼西亚⼈；波利尼西亚语adj. 波利尼西亚的；波利尼亚⼈(语)的3. arrive [?'ra?v] v. 到达4. over ['??v?(r)] prep. 多于5. war [w??(r)] n. 战争；⽃争6. population [?p?pju'le??n] n. ⼈⼝7. culture ['k?lt??(r)] n. ⽂化；教养8. ceremony ['ser?m?ni] n. 仪式；礼节；典礼9. yearly ['j??li] adj. 每年的adv. 每年地；⼀年⼀次地10. among [?'m??]prep. 在……之中11. competition [?k?mp?'t??n] n. 竞争；⽐赛12. practice ['pr?kt?s] v. 操练n. 操练13. win [w?n] v. 赢；赢得；胜利U8The Polynesians1. explorer [?k?spl?:r?(r)] v. 探险家2. current [?k?r?nt] n. ⽔流3. shell [?el] n. 外壳4. Mongol [?m??g?l] n. 蒙古族⼈5. toward [t?'w?:d] prep. 向；对着6. reach [ri:t?] v. 到达7. invention [?n?ven?n] n. 发明8. sailor [se?l?(r)] n. ⽔⼿9. canoe [k??nu: ] n. 独⽊⾈A Giraffe in Central Asia1. leader [?li:d?(r)] n. 领袖2. ruler [?ru:l?(r)] n. 统治者3. gift [g?ft] n. 礼物；天赋4. ambassador [?m?b?s?d?(r)] n. ⼤使5. jewelry ['d?u:?lr?] n. 珠宝；⾸饰6. gold [g??ld] n. ⾦⼦7. silver [?s?lv?(r)] n. 银⼦8. suppose [s??p??z] n. 认为；假定9. pleased [pli:zd] n. ⾼兴的10. Cairo ['ka??r??] n. 开罗（埃及⾸都）11. Samarkand[?s?m??k?nd] n. 撒马尔罕（乌兹别克东部城市）The First Woman on Mount Qomolangma1. Qomolangma [?t??um?u?lɑ:?m?]n. 珠穆朗玛2. mountain [?ma?nt?n] n. ⼭脉3. Nepal [n?'p?:l] n. 尼泊尔（南亚国家）4. organize [??:g?na?z] v. 组织; 安排5. avalanche [??v?lɑ:n?] n. 雪崩6. injure [??nd??(r)] v. 损害; 伤害（名誉、⾃尊等）7. be able to8. ordinary [??:dnri] adj. 普通的; ⼀般的9. goal [g??l] n. 球门; ⽬标10. environment [?n?va?r?nm?nt] n. 环境The Iditarod Race1. Iditarod n. 艾迪塔罗德精品⽂档2. trail [tre?l] n. 踪迹3. team [ti?m]n. 队；组4. adventurer [?d'vent??r?(r)] n. 冒险者5. musher ['m(r)] n. 赶狗拉雪橇的⼈6. brave [bre?v] adj. 勇敢的7. storm [st??m]n. 暴风⾬8. knee [ni?] n. 膝盖9. below [b?'l??] prep. 低于；在……下⾯10. footprint ['f?tpr?nt] n. 脚印11. shoot [?u?t]v. 发射12. Celsius ['selsi?s] n. 摄⽒Sailing Alone1. supply [s??pla?] n. 供给物2. equipment [??kw?pm?nt] n. 设备3. problem ['pr?bl?m] n. 问题；难题4. engine ['end??n] n. 引擎5. quit [kw?t] v. 退出6. electricity [??lek'tr?s?ti] n. 电7. communicate [k?'mju?n?ke?t] v. 交流8. destination [?dest?'ne??n] n. ⽬的地9. San Francisco [s?n fr?n'sisk?u]n. 旧⾦⼭10. contact [?k?nt?kt] v. n. 接触11. expect [?k?spekt] v. 期望。

Unit 1The Kiwi1. strange [streind?] adj. 奇怪的2. wing [wi?] n. 翅膀,翼3. tail [teil] n. 尾部4. feather ['fee?] n. 羽毛5. each [i:t ?] adj. 每个6. beak [bi:k] n. 鸟嘴7. around [?'raund] prep. 在……周围8. sunlight ['s?nlait] n. 阳光9. smell [smel] v. 闻10. kill [kil] v. 杀11. government ['g?v?nm?nt] n. 政府The Camel1. camel ['k?m ?l] n. 骆驼2. without [wie 'aut] prep. 没有3. store [st?:] v. 储存4. hump [h?mp] n. 驼峰5. true [tru:] adj. 真实的6. change [t?eind?] v. 改变7. fat [f?t] n. 脂肪8. desert [?dez?t] n. 沙漠9. heat [hi:t] n. 热量10. Arabian [?'reibi?n] adj. 阿拉伯（人）的11. Bactrian [?b?ktri ?] n. 双峰驼12. Asia ['ei??] n. 亚洲13. thick [0 ik] adj. 厚的14. eyelash [?a?l? ?] n. 睫毛15. Arabic ['?r ?bik] n. 阿拉伯语16. important [im'p?:t?nt] adj. 重要的17. central [?sentr?l] adj. 中部的The Polar Bear1. polar ['p?ul?] adj. 两极的2. inside ['in'said] adv. 在里面3. arctic circle ['a :ktik] ['s?:kl] 北极圈4. north pole [n?: 0[p] ?ul] 北极5. meter ['mi:t?] n. 米6. weigh [wei] v. 称重量7. kilogram ['kil ?gr?m] n. 千克8. wide [waid] adj. 宽阔的9. afraid [?'freid] adj. 害怕的10. united states [ju'naitid] [steits] n. 美国The Hippopotamus1. hippopotamus [hip ?'p?t?m?s] n. 河马2. Africa ['?frik ?] n. 非洲3. mammal ['m?m ?l] n. 哺乳动物4. born [b?:n] adj. 天生的5. alive [?'laiv] adj. 活着的6. plant [pl a :nt] n. 植物7. lake [leik] n. 湖8. above [?'b?v] prep. 在...上面9. breathe [bri:e] v. 呼吸The Dolphin1. dolphin ['d?lfin] n. 海豚2. sound [saund] n. 声音3. feeling ['fi:li?] n. 感觉4. group [gru:p] n. 群5. school [sku:l] n. 鱼群6. together [t?'gee?] adv. 一起7. information [inf ?'mei??n] n. 信息8. scientist ['sai?ntist] n. 科学家9. tape [teip] n. T. C录音带10. aquarium [?'kw?ri?m] n. 水族馆11. lonely ['l?unli] adj. 孤独的;寂寞的12. save [seiv] v. 解救13. life [laif] n. 生命14. luck [l?k] n. 运气U2Why Do We Yawn?1. yawn [j?:n] v. 打呵欠2. quickly [?kw?kli] adv. 快地3. contagious [k?n?ted???s] adj. 有传染性的4. bored [b?:d] adj. 无聊的5. might [ma?t] aux. 可能6. however [ha??ev?(r)] adv. 然而7. excited [?k?sat?d] adj. 感到兴奋的8. race [re?s] n. 赛跑9. alert [??l?:t] adj. 警觉的；警惕的10. deeply [?di:pli] adv. 在深处11. stretch [stret?] v. 伸展; 延伸12. muscle [?m?sl] n. 肌肉Why Do People Laugh ？1. laugh [l a :f] v. 大笑2. club [kl?b] n. 社团3. pretend [pr??tend] v. 假装4. soon [su:n] adv. 马上5. naturally [?n?t?r?li] adv. 自然地6. exercise [?eks?sa?z] n. 练习v. 锻炼7. equal [?i:kw?l] adj. 平等的v. 等于8. relax [r??l?ks] v. （使）放松9. hard [h a :d] adj. 硬的; 困难的; 努力的;adv. 努力地; 猛力地; 严重地10. connect [k??nekt] v. 连接11. well [wel] adv. 好地;adj.健康的Why Is The Sea Salty?1. salt [s?:lt] n. 盐2. Earth [?：0 ] n. 地球3. mix [m?ks] v. 混合4. ocean [????n] n. 海洋5. carry [?k?ri] v. 携带6. move [mu:v] v. 移动7. cloud [kla?d] n. 云8. evaporate [??v?p?re?t] n. 蒸发9. percent [p?'sent] n. 百分之一10. famous [?fe?m?s] adj. 著名的How Can A Plant Kill?1. enemy [?en?mi] n. 敌人2. kind [ka?nd] n. 种类3. poisonous [?p??z?n?s] adj. 有毒的4. grow [gr??] v. 生长；种植5. tropics ['tr?p?ks] n. 热带地区6. expensive [?k?spensv?] adj. 贵的7. cheap [t?i:p] adj. 便宜的8. collect [k??lekt] v. 收集9. instead of [?n?sted] adv. 代替How Do Many Hearing-Impaired People Talk?1 . hearing-impaired [ ?m?ped?] adj. 受损的2 . sign [sa?n] n. 符号3 . each other 彼此4 . both [b?? 9 ] pron. 两者都5. interpret [?n?t?:pr?t] v. 解释6.whole [h??l] adj. 全部的；完整的U3The Date Palm1. date [de?t] n. 海枣2. palm [p a :m] n. 棕榈树3. wonderful [?w?nd?fl] adj. 美妙的4. feed [fi:d] v. □田*喂养5. leaf [li:f] n. 叶子6.wood [w?d] n. 木材7. burn [b?:n] v. 燃烧8. stone [st??n] n. 石头9. museum [mju?zi:?m] n. 博物馆The Water Hyacinth1. h ate [he?t] v. 恨2. d isease [d??zi:z] n. 疾病3. c rop [kr?p] n. 农作物4. m achine [m???i:n] n. 机器5. f ertilizer [?f?:t?la?z?(r)] n. 肥料6. e nergy [?en?d?i] n. 能量7. M ethane [?mi: 0n$? n. 甲烷，沼气Rice1. e ven [?i:vn] adv. 甚至2. probably [?pr?b?bli] adv. 大概3. soil [s??l] n. 泥土4. i nsect [??nsekt] n. 昆虫5. b room [bru:m] n. 扫帚6. r ug [r?g] n. 小块地毯7. sandal [?s?ndl] n. 凉鞋8. r oof [ru:f] n. 屋顶Oranges1. section [?sek?n] n. 部分2. seed [si:d] n. 种子3. skin [sk?n] n. 皮肤；果皮4. shiny [??a?ni] adj. 发光的5. wild [wa?ld] adj. 野外的6. raise [re?z] v. 种植[??ra?nd] adv. 大约 [?sp?n?]? n. 西班牙人The Coffee Plant1. chance[t? a ns]n. 机会 2. Brazil [br??z?l]n. 巴西 3. Indonesia [??nd??'ni:zj?] n. 印尼4. Ivory Coast [?aiv?ri?k?ust]象牙海岸（非洲）5. Ethiopia [?i: '????? n. 埃塞俄比亚（非洲东部国家）6. produce [pr??dju:s] v. 产生7. typically [?t?p?kli] adv. 通常 ; 典型地 8. protect [pr??tekt] v. 保护 9. modern[?m?dn]adj. 现代的 10. unfortunately[?n?f?:t??n?tli]adv.不幸地7. around 8. SpanishU4Music and Behaviour1. affect [??fekt] v. 影响2. behave [b??he?v] v. 表现; 举止端正3. classical [?kl?s?kl] adj. 古典的4.background [?b?kgra?nd] n. 背景5. loud [la?d] adj. 响亮的，大声的6. chew [t?u:] v. 咀嚼7. careful [?ke?fl] adj. 仔细的Blues and Jazz1. slave [sle?v] n. 奴隶2. century [?sent?r?i] n. 世纪3. blues [blu:z] n. 蓝调音乐4. Jazz [d??z] n. 爵士乐5. express [?k?spres] v. 表达6. instrument [??nstr?m?nt] n. 仪器; 乐器7. guitar [g??a ：(r)] n. 吉他8. harmonica [h a :?m?n?k?] n. 口琴9. composer [k?m?p??z?(r)] n. 作曲家10. add [?d] v. 增加Rock and Roll1. b and [b?nd] n. 带; 乐队2. performer [p??f?:m?(r)] n. 表演者3. mixture [?m?kst??(r)] n. 混合；混合物4. f an [f?n] n. 扇子；迷5. n ervous [?n?:v?s] adj. 紧张的6. record [?rek?:d] n. 唱片7. compact disc [k?m?p?kt disk] 光盘8. c ompany [?k?mp?ni] n. 公司Country Western music1.cattle [?k?tl] n. （总称）牛，牲口2. dangerous [?de?nd??r?s] adj. 危险的3. alone [??l??n] adj. 单独的4. calm [k a :m] adj. 平静的5. peaceful [?pi:sfl] adj. 和平的6. either [?a?e?(r)] pron. （两者之中）任何一个[?va??l?n] n. 小提琴[k?n] n. 罐子Latin Music and Salsa1. common [?k?m?n] adj. 普通的2. enjoy [?n?d??]? v. 喜欢; 享受; 过得快活3. beat [bi:t] v. 接连地击打4. orchestra [??:k?str?] n. 管弦乐队5. while [wa?l] conj. 在…期间6. roast [r??st] v. 烤7. bake [be?k] v. 烘焙8. oven [??vn] n. 烤箱9. fry [fra?] v. 油炸10. taste [te?st] n. 滋味11. Portuguese [?p?:t?u?gi:z] n. 葡萄牙语; 葡萄牙人12. international [??nt??n? ?n?l] adj. 国际的7. violin8. canU5Work Hour1. e nough [??n?f] adj. 足够的2. v ary [?ve?ri] v. 变化3. employee [?m?pl?i?:] n. 雇工4. e xtra [?ekstr?] adj. 额外的5. e arn [?:n] v. 赢得6. o vertime [???v?ta?m] adv. 超时地; 加班地7. v acation [v??ke??n] n. 假期8. a verage [??v?r?d?] adj. 平均的9. d ull [d?l] adj. 迟钝的Salaries1. salary [?s?l?ri] n. 薪水2. private [?pra?v?t] adj. 私有的3. pilot [?pa?l?t] n. 飞行员4. profession [pr??fe?n] n. 职业5. waiter [?we?t?(r)] n. 服务员6. benefit [?ben?f?t] n. 利益7. employer [?m?pl??(?r)] n. 雇主8. health [hel 9]n. 健康9. insurance [?n???r??ns] n. 保险费10. plus [pl?s] prep. （表示运算）加Family-Friendly Companies1. rule [ru:l] n. 规则2. allow [??la?] v. 允许3. flexible [?fleks?bl] adj. 灵活的4. schedule [??edju:l][?sked?u:l] n. 时刻表5. increase [?n?kri:s] v. 增加6. share [?e?(r)] n. 分享7. leave [li:v] v. 离开8. female [?fi:me?l] adj. 女性的9. unpaid [??n?ped?] adj. 未付的10. male [me?l] adj. 男性的Work Clothes1. d ecision [d??s??n] n. 决定2. u niform [?ju:n?f?:m] n. 制服3. c ode [k??d] n. 代码；编码4. c asual [?k??u?l] adj. 随便的5. c omfortable [?k?mft?bl] adj. 舒适的6. special [?spe?l] adj. 特殊的; 专用的7. sportswear [?sp?:tswe?(r)] n. 运动装Time Off1. commute [k ??mju:t] v. 通勤2. prepare [pr??pe?(r)] v. 准备3. leisure [?le??(r)] n. 闲暇4. obviously [??bvi ?sli] adv. 明显地5. channel [?t??nl] n. 频道6. program [?pr??gr?m] n. 程序7. surf [s?:f] v. 冲浪U6The Sami of Northern Europe1. Sami [?s?mi] n. 萨米人2. Norway ['n?:we?] n. 挪威（欧洲国家）3. Sweden ['swi:dn] n. 瑞典4. Finland ['f ?nl?nd] n. 芬兰5. Russia ['r???] n. （1917年以前的）俄罗斯帝国6. coast [k??st] n. 海岸7. traditional [tr??d???nl] adj. 传统的8. nomad [?n??m?d] n. 游牧民9. reindeer [?re?nd??(r)] n. 驯鹿10. dig [d?g] n. 挖掘11. tent [tent] n. 帐篷12. less [les] adj. 较少的13. skis [ski?] v. 滑雪n. 滑雪板；雪橇14. sled [sled] n. ＜美＞雪撬15. trip [tr?p] n. 旅行16. future ['fju?t??(r)] n. 将来17. holiday ['h?l?de?] n. 假日The Ainu of Japan1. island ['a?l?nd] r. 岛屿2. Hokkaido [h?'kaid?u] r. 北海道（日本第二大岛）3. wavy ['we?vi] adj. 波浪形的4. mustache [m?'st a ??] r. 小胡子5. completely [k?m'pli?tli] adv. 完全地6. hunter ['h?nt?(r)] r. 猎人7. religion [r?'l?d??n] r. 宗教8. middle ['m?dl] adj. 中间的；中等的；中期的9. attend [?'tend] v. 出席；参加10. right [ra?t] r. 权利11. promote [pr?'m??t] v. 促进；提升；推销；弘扬12. Ainu ['a?n?] r. 阿伊努人13. beard [b??d] r. 胡须14. demand [d?m a ?rjd v. 要求15. response [r?'sp?ns] r. 响应The Yanomami of the Amazon1. perhaps [p?'h?ps] adv. 也许；可能2. area ['e?ri?] r. 面积；地区3. outsider [?a?t'sa?d?(r)] r. 外行；旁观者；局外人4. Verezuela [?ver?'zwe?l?] r. 委内瑞拉5. spiritual ['sp?r?t?u?l] adj. 精神的；心灵的6. mirer ['ma?r?(r)] r. 矿工7. logger ['i?g?)] r. 樵夫；伐木工8. roise [r??z] r. 噪声9. polluted [p?'lu?t?d] adj. 被污染的；喝醉的10. die [da?] v. 死11. destroy [d?'str??] v. 破坏12. destructior [d??str?k?r] r. 摧毁; 破坏13. progress ['pr??g res] r. 进步14. Yaromami r. 亚诺玛米人15. Amazor [??m?z?r] r. 亚马逊河（南美洲大河）The Hopi of Arizona1. Hopi ['h??pi] r. 霍皮族（北美印第安人之一族2. Arizora r. 亚利桑那（美国州名）3. highway ['ha?we?] r. 公路4. somehow ['s?mha?] adv. 以某种方式5. freeze [fri?z] v. 冻结6. blow [bl??] v. 吹7. goat [g ??t] n. 山羊8. truck [tr?k] n. 卡车9. Kachina [ke?t'?a?n?] n. 克奇纳神（霍皮印第安人崇拜的祖灵）10. alike [?'la?k] adj. 相似的；同样的11. adult ['?d?lt] n. 成年人12. nearby [?n??'ba?] adj. 附近的adv. 在附近The Maori of New Zealand1. Maori ['ma?ri]毛利人；毛利语毛利人的；毛利语的n. adj.2. Polynesian [?p?l?'ni:z??n] n. 波利尼西亚人；波利尼西亚语adj. 波利尼西亚的；波利尼亚人（语）的3. arrive [?'ra?v] v. 到达4. over ['??v?(r)] prep. 多于5. war [w??(r)] n. 战争；斗争6. population [?p?pju'le??n] n. 人口7. culture ['k?lt??(r)] n. 文化；教养8. ceremony ['ser?m?ni] n. 仪式；礼节；典礼9. yearly ['j??li] adj. 每年的adv. 每年地；一年一次地10. among [?'m??] prep. 在……之中11. competition [?k?mp?'t??n] n. 竞争；比赛12. practice ['pr?kt ?s] v. 操练n. 操练13. win [w?n] v. 赢；赢得；胜利U8The Polynesians1. explorer [?k?spl?:r?(r)] v. 探险家2. current [?k?r?nt] n. 水流3. shell [?el] n. 外壳■ t i ； r K4. Mongol [?m??g?l] n. 蒙古族人5. toward [t?'w?:d] prep. 向；对着6. reach [ri:t ?] v. 到达7. invention [?n?venn?] n. 发明8. sailor [se?l?(r)] n. 水手9. canoe [k??nu: ] n. 独木舟A Giraffe in Central Asia1. leader [?li:d?(r)] n. 领袖2. ruler [?ru:l?(r)] n. 统治者3. gift [g?ft] n. 礼物；天赋4. ambassador [?m?b?s?d?(r)] n. 大使5. jewelry ['d?u:?lr?] n. 珠宝；首饰6. gold [g??ld] n. 金子7. silver [?s?lv?(r)] n. 银子8. suppose [s??p??z] n. 认为；假定9. pleased [pli:zd] n. 高兴的10. Cairo ['ka??r??] n. 开罗（埃及首都）11. Samarkand [?s?m??k?nd] n. 撒马尔罕（乌兹别克东部城市）The First Woman on Mount Qomolangma1. Qomolangma [?t??im?u?l a : ?m?] n. 珠穆朗玛2. mountain [?ma?nt?n] n. 山脉3. Nepal [n?'p?:l] n. 尼泊尔（南亚国家）4. organize [??:g?na?z] v. 组织; 安排5. avalanche [??v?l a :n]? n. 雪崩6. injure [??nd??(r)] v. 损害; 伤害（名誉、自尊等）7. be able to8. ordinary [??:dnri] adj. 普通的; 一般的9. goal [g??l] n. 球门; 目标n. 环境10. environment [?n?var?nm?nt]The Iditarod Race1. Iditarod 艾迪塔罗德n.2. trail [tre?l] n. 踪迹3. team [ti?m] n. 队；组4. adventurer [?d'vent??r?(r)] n. 冒险者5. musher ['m???(r)] n. 赶狗拉雪橇的人6. brave [bre?v] adj. 勇敢的7. storm [st??m] n. 暴风雨8. knee [ni?] n. 膝盖9. below [b?'l??] prep. 低于；在•……下面10. footprint ['f ?tpr?nt] n. 脚印11. shoot [?u?t] v. 发射12. Celsius ['selsi?s] n. 摄氏Sailing Alone1. supply [s??pla?] n. 供给物2. equipment [??kw ?pm?nt] n. 设备3. problem ['pr?bl?m] n. 问题；难题4. engine ['end??n] n. 引擎5. quit [kw ?t] v. 退出6. electricity [??lek'tr?s?ti] n. 电7. communicate [k ?'mju?nk?e?t] v. 交流8. destination [?dest'?ne??n] n. 目的地9. San Francisco [s?n fr?n'sisk ?u]n. 旧金山10. contact [?k?nt?kt] v. n. 接触11. expect [?k?spekt] v. 期望。