牛津小学英语3A到6B语法知识汇总

1 六年级语法汇总

词类

一、名词 （表示人或物）

A：可数名词（有单数和复数之分）

可数名词复数变化方法：

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3．以―辅音字母+y‖结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4．以―f或fe‖结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives

5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,

snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice ,child-children ,foot-feet, tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people,

Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,

B:不可数名词（当单数看，Be动词用is）

rice，noodle，chocolate (有时可数)，coffee，juice，milk，tea，water，fruit，medicine，bread，hair, snow,

rain，weather，glue这些词前要用some，many，a lot of/lots of，a cup/glass of，any修饰。

C:动名词（即把动词转化成名词来用）

1.like+动名词：My brother likes making model ships. 2.go+动名词：Let’s go swimming.

3.表示一件事情、一种爱好：Ben’s hobby is collecting stamps.

4.表示擅长于某事：She is good at drawing. She does well in drawing.

二、be动词

A：Be 动词的用法：

(1) 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用于他她它，单数is复数are。

(2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. Her eyes are(not) small.

(3) 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.

Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.

Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

三、形容词（用来修饰名词）

nice, good, big, long, short, fat, thin, 颜色类，感觉类beautiful, loud, quiet, careful等

如：a nice girl, a good teacher, a big grape ,a long dress , a green watermelon ,a happy day ,

These flower stamps are beautiful.

四、副词（用来修饰动词）

Well，beautifully, loudly ,quietly ,carefully ,fast, high,

如：He plays basketball well. Don’t speak loudly.

五、人称代词

1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前，宾格一般位于动词或介词之后（宾格常常表示被动）。如for、to、from、about 、with 、show 、follow等词后用宾格

如： This book is for her. Give this stamp to them. That letter is from him..

They are talking about me. Gao Shan wants to play table tennis with you.

Show us your new computer. Now, follow me , please.

2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：前者用时后面一般要带名词，名词性单独使用，后面不带名词。 2 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词

第一人称 单数 I me my mine

复数 we us our

ours

第二人称 单数/复数 you you your yours

第三人称 单数 he him his his

she her her hers

it its its its

复数 they them their theirs

六、介词（at，on，in，before ,after，from，under，behind，near）

(1)at:用于表示时刻，时间的某一点。 at nine o’clock 在9:00 at night在夜间

at school在学校 at home在家 at the concert 在音乐会 at the third crossing 在第三个十字路口

(2)on:用于星期和地点 如：on Sunday在星期天 on Sunday morning 在星期天的上午

on the desk 在课桌上 on the fifth of April 在四月五日 on the tree 在树上（指长在这棵树上的）

(3)in: 用于表示上午、下午、晚上和地点。 in the afternoon在下午 in the tree 在树上

(4)before 在……之前。before lunch 午饭前 before class 课前

(5)after在……之后。after breakfast 早饭后 after school 放学后 sit after me 坐在我后面

(6)from…to… 从……到…… from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五

(7)in front of 在…前面 in front of the bus 在公共汽车前面

时态

一、一般现在时

1、时间词：often, usually, sometimes, every week, on Sundays…

2、动词：

（1）主语为一、二人称或为复数时，动词用原形。

（2）主语为三单时，动词用三单形式:

动词三单形式变化规则：

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3．以―辅音字母+y‖结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

3、变化。否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.

一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：Do you often play football? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为三单，用does构成一般疑问句。如：Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

二、现在进行时

1、时间词： look，listen, now

2、基本结构：be+动词ing. 如：Look！The girl is touching the flowers with her mouth.

动词加ing的变化规则 3 1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run，stop，jog，swim，put，sit

3.变化：

现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 如：They aren’t singing in the music room.

现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 如：Is he playing football now?

三、一般过去时

1、时间词：yesterday, a moment ago, just now, last year…

2、动词：用过去式

动词的过去式变化规则：

1、一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如：work ---worked play---played

2、以不发音的e 结尾动词，动词词尾加d，如：live---lived taste---tasted

3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如： study---studied

4、双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stop ---stopped

5、不规则：go – went make – made get – got come – came fly-flew

3、变化。否定句：主语+ didn't +动词原形(+其它)。如：I didn't go to school yesterday.

一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其它。如：Did you play football last Saturday? Yes, I did. / No, I

didn't.

四、一般将来时

1、时间词： soon, tomorrow, next week,…

2、基本结构及变化：

（1）be going to +动词原形. 如：The girl is going to water the flowers tomorrow.

否定句在be后加not。 如：They aren’t going to the music room this afternoon.

一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 如：Is he going to play football next week?

（2）will+动词原形，如： He will watch the moon this evening.

否定句：will后加not,如：The girl will not go camping next weekends.

一般疑问句：将will调到句首,如：Will he watch TV?