象征手法的形象表现——弗洛斯特的名诗《没有走的路》赏析

浅析《未选择的路》的艺术特色作者：王伟来源：《科教导刊·电子版》2018年第32期摘要罗伯特·弗罗斯特是20世纪美国著名的诗人，他所创作的诗歌以独特的艺术风格而广为传颂经久不衰，由于罗伯特.弗罗斯特热爱生活、热爱自然，其诗歌多以乡村生活为题材，清新自然且蕴含人生哲理。

文中通过对《未选择的路》赏析，浅析《未选择的路》中“路”的象征寓意。

关键词未选择的路象征寓意中图分类号：I712 文献标识码：A《未选择的路》是一首经典的象征主义诗歌，诗中“路”作为一个贯穿全诗的意象，寓意深刻，耐人寻味。

《未选择的路》是罗伯特.弗罗斯特的经典之作，作者运用简单朴素的语言描写自己现实生活或中的经历，在诗的开头诗人用象征的手法引起读者的丰富的想象，通过对树林中之路的选择，烘托出人生之选择，寓意十分深刻。

文中通过对诗歌《未选择的路》赏析，解析诗歌中独特的艺术魅力。

1写作背景《未选择的路》写作与1915年，是罗伯特·弗罗斯特的经典之作，最初收录与他的第三本诗集《山间》。

1912年已经38岁的弗罗斯特做出了人生的一个重大决定，他放弃了本该更加平坦安稳的生活，而选择了诗歌，于是他便决定到异地去闯一条路，找一个生活水平较低，但便于写作的环境。

不久以后，他的第一部诗集《孩子的意愿》出版了，很快他的诗得到了大家一致的好评。

1915年弗罗斯特回到美国在新罕部什尔州经营农场，并担任大学里的教师、驻校诗人与诗歌顾问。

而《未选择的路》讲述了作者在新罕部什尔树林中的一次难忘的经历：诗人在树林里散步时遇到一个岔路口，诗人面对两条不同的道路，不知如何的选择，最后选择了人迹更少的一条路，对于那条没有选择的路充满的感慨和幻想。

这首诗歌看似是对现实生活中道路的选择，其实质是在向人们暗示对人生道路抉择的问题上的思考。

2《未选择的路》简介《未选择的路》是美国著名诗人罗伯特·弗罗斯特著名的经典之作，罗伯特.弗罗斯特堪称是美国20世纪最受欢迎的诗人之一，他善于运用眼前的事物，把思想情感和富有象征意象糅合在一起，通过多种艺术手法将内容和形式结合起来，表达出一个深刻人生哲理。

现实与梦想之间徘徊—简析弗罗斯特《没有选择的路》罗伯特·弗罗斯特（Robert Frost,1874-1963）被许多评论家认为是20世纪美国最伟大、最有名望、最受爱戴的诗人，素有“新英格兰田园诗人”之称。

他的一生获得过众多荣誉，其中包括四次普利策奖。

1961 年，他应邀在肯尼迪总统的就职典礼上朗读献诗。

在美国史上,这是第一次诗人作为特邀的贵宾引人注目的出席了这样隆重的仪式。

一位诗人受到如此高的礼遇，足以显示出他在文学方面的卓越成就和重要地位，也标志着诗人达到了他一生创作事业的顶峰。

弗罗斯特一生的经历非常丰富，这些经历成为他诗歌的题材，写诗整整花去了弗洛斯特一生的时间。

有位评论家这样指出:“在本世纪,没有哪一位诗人比弗洛斯特写下更多的有关各行各业的诗篇了。

”他的代表作有《修墙》、《没有选择的路》、《雪夜林边驻马》等，在美国几乎家喻户晓，成为美国文学传统的一个组成部分。

作为美国现代诗的代表，弗罗斯特注重传统，往往以描写自然和风俗人情开始，逐渐进入哲理境界。

他的诗歌内涵复杂，情调微妙，格律节奏有自己的特色，是美国非官方的桂冠诗人。

《没有选择的路》是弗罗斯特于1915年写的，其以朴实的语言、深远的意境而脍炙人口，本文着重从以下三个特色来感受他的的富有哲理的美感。

一、田园风格的抒情诗《没有选择的路》以描写自然景物（黄色的树林）入手，描写一位旅行者匆匆行进在树影斑驳，树木金黄的树林中的画面，令人神往。

这首诗在结构上是描写乡村景色陪衬下的一位旅人的经历。

弗罗斯特长期生活在乡村，在新英格兰放牧耕作，与农民打成一片，对乡间的山山水水，一草一木非常熟悉。

他的诗许多都描写了令人留连忘返的田园自然景色，读起来亲切自然、真实可信。

弗罗斯特在《没有选择的路》中描写黄色的树林是荒草萋萋，十分幽静，显得更诱人、更美丽。

这里展现给我们的是一幅平淡自然、色调鲜明的林间小路图：树林里落叶纷飞，已是深秋季节。

这首诗形象而生动，为读者创造了一种极具弹性的想象的空间，从微不足道的小事引导出深刻的哲理，具有很强的感染力，深受读者的喜爱。

The road not taken1诗歌简介:这首名诗《The Road Not Taken》形式是传统的抑扬格四音步，但音步可变(含有不少抑抑扬的成分);每节的韵式为abaab 。

弗罗斯特写诗最大的特色就是善于运用眼前看似平淡无奇的事物，去表达一个深刻的哲理。

这正如他在一首诗中写的：“黄色的树林里有两条岔开的路/可惜我不能在同一时间走两条路/我选择了少人行走的那条/这就造成了一切的差异。

”诗人选择了诗歌，放下了在一所师范学校教书的职业以及那可能平坦，安稳的生活。

他对自己说：写诗吧，穷就穷吧，于是他们就来了英国，在离伦敦不远的一个村子里找到了一座木板茅屋作为新家。

罗伯特弗罗斯特堪称美国20世纪90年代最受欢迎的诗人之一，是美国非官方的桂冠诗人，他一生致力于诗歌的创作，主要写作并出版了10部诗集，这一首是其第三部诗集《山的间隔》中的名篇。

2诗歌翻译:The Road Not Taken ——Robert Frost 未选择的路罗伯特•弗罗斯特Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, 黄色的树林里分出两条路And sorry I could not travel both 可惜我不能同时去涉足And be one traveler, long I stood 我在那路口久久伫立And looked down one as far as I could 我向着一条路极目望去To where it bent in the undergrowth; 直到它消失在丛林深处Then took the other, as just as fair, 但我却选择了另外一条路And having perhaps the better claim, 它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂Because it was grassy and wanted wear; 显得更诱人，更美丽Though as for that the passing there 虽然在这两条小路上Had worn them really about the same, 都很少留下旅人的足迹And both that morning equally lay 虽然那天清晨落叶满地In leaves no step had trodden black. 两条路都未经脚印污染Oh, I kept the first for another day! 呵，留下一条路等改日再见Yet knowing how way leads on to way, 但我知道路径延绵无尽头I doubted if I should ever come back. 恐怕我难以再回返I shall be telling this with a sigh 也许多少年后在某一个地方Somewhere ages and ages hence: 我将轻声叹息把往事回顾Two roads diverged in a wood,and I, 一片森林里分出两条路I took the one less traveled by, 而我却选择了人迹更少的一条And that has made all the difference.从此决定了我一生的道路3诗歌赏析:(1)诗歌特点:全诗共4节，可分两层：1—3节为第一层，在树林里，“我”面临着两条路，而经过思考决定选择了一条人迹罕至的路。

《未选择的路》诗歌鉴赏原诗《未选择的路》罗伯特·弗罗斯特（美国）黄色的林子里有两条路，很遗憾我无法同时选择两者，身在旅途的我久久站立，对着其中一条极目眺望，直到它蜿蜒拐进远处的树丛。

我选择了另外的一条，天经地义，也许更为诱人因为它充满荆棘，需要开拓；然而这样的路过并未引起太大的改变。

那天清晨这两条小路一起静卧在无人踩过的树叶丛中。

哦，我把另一条路留给了明天！明知路连着路，我不知是否该回头。

我将轻轻叹息，叙述这一切。

许多许多年以后：林子里有两条路，我——选择了行人稀少的那一条。

它改变了我的一生。

赏析这首诗意境很美，读起来意味深长。

我们每个人每天都会有很多路可以选择，小到吃饭这件事，你有很多选择，可以吃麻辣烫、焖面、米饭炒菜……但我们只能选择一种，吃了这个就不能吃那个。

如果说这是小事，那么我们选择专业、选择配偶、选择工作就是人生大事了。

你学了会计就不能学园艺；你当了老师，就不能当医生；你嫁了某人就不能嫁给另一个人……在生活中，我们处处会遇到这种人生选择，我们也总会站在各种路口，然而，我们却只能走其中的一条，这在学界有个专有名词，叫“沉没成本”。

如果说午饭吃什么不太会决定人生，那么我们的专业、工作和配偶，很大程度上会决定我们的人生走向。

昨天看到谢霆锋和王菲机场牵手的视频，我不由得感慨，人生起起落落、兜兜转转，两个人又在一起了。

他们曾经都选择过别人，那些和别人走过的路，那些过去的旧时光，都证明了这条路不适合自己。

这一回世纪牵手，他们决定重新选择一条路，一条未选择的路，它充满荆棘，需要开拓；它人迹罕至，但它却改变了他们的一生。

我们每个人都会选择自己的路，我们曾久久伫立，我们曾极目远眺，希望多少年过后，再回头望去，那条路依然芳草萋萋、幽寂美丽。

《未选择的路》赏析
《未选择的路》是一首哲理抒情诗，它表面平和，实则蕴含深厚的哲理；看似倾诉个人经历，实则表达人们的共同感受。

在这首诗里，弗罗斯特抓住林中岔道这一详尽形象，用比喻的手法引起人们丰盛生动的联想，烘托出人生岔路这样具有哲理寓意的象征。

诗人选择的是人们司空见惯的林中岔道，来阐发如何抉择人生道路这一生活哲理的。

诗的前三节似乎仅在笔直地描写林中的那两条路的例外，但其中却蕴含着极大的比喻意义，第四节诗人笔锋一转，从林中之路跃到描写人生之路，“而我选择了人迹更少的一条，/从此决定了我一生的道路。

”这结句寄寓着诗人无限的人生感慨，具有深刻的象征性和哲理性。

诗人以含蓄清爽、别具一格的艺术风格再现出柔美的自然风光，并且通过对自然景物的描写，反映人们内心深处的情感波澜，诗还注意引起人们的联想，把理性与不情感融于一首短诗之中，深化了这首诗的意蕴，给人以丰盛的启迪。

诗人是通过柔美的意境创造和浓重的抒情表达把哲理隐含其中并传递给读者的。

在这首诗中，诗人以朴素自然的语言和韵律来表现自己对人生的思索。

这种质朴无华的风格使这首诗如夏夜里清冷温柔的风，洋溢着清爽自然的情趣，给人一种沁人心脾之感。

这首诗描绘的是一个面临选择的人和他进行选择时的心态，至于选择的详尽内容并没有写出，诗人的着眼点是选择本身。

每一个读者都能够在这首诗中发现自身的生活体验，理解其中的哲理内容。

1/ 1。

弗罗斯特的《未选择的路》赏析美国诗人弗罗斯特《未选择的路》的一诗写了“面对两条都没有走过的路，主人公毅然选择了一条人迹更少的路来走、来历练”的事情，体现了人性之美，其实我们倘将该作品作为“选择人生之路”来读也完全恰当。

品读该诗，主人公形象的大气沉雄、勇敢创新、义无反顾，还是比较容易看得出来。

在到了岔路口，因为“我不能同时去涉足”，所以必得选一条路去走。

由于“鱼”和“熊掌”两者不能得兼，故颇费踌躇，“我”“久久伫立”对两条路都再三观望，最终才咬咬牙下定决心选实了走“人迹更少的”那条“荒草凄凄，十分幽寂”的路，这样的义无反顾需要何等的勇气和魄力？如果说选择“那条通向丛林深处的路”是大众化的选择，比较平稳，但很有可能就平常了；那么主人公不愿庸俗而冒险地去创新一番，玩一把过瘾，认为即使轰轰烈烈地去死也比窝窝囊囊地存活强上百倍千倍。

诗人的这种思想无疑是难得的，很精彩的。

这样看来，说诗人的这种勇敢和大气魄不是一般的果敢，而是大气沉雄的干练，再恰当不过。

还有，诗人的思想之美也体现在对未来的展望上，还体现在对未来忆及“现今”这个从前的回忆上，它们的思想美点也确实颇为多多。

已经选定并走上选定的路时，诗人还念念不忘“留下一条路等改日再见”，可人生是趟单程旅行，决无回头再走的可能。

故一旦选定人生的道路，便是无尽头的求索。

才开始走就揣测日后之事是展望，是人生的“大气度设计”，是开放。

这样的展望有利于更稳健地干好人生大事业。

因为不能同时选走人生道路，所以只选一条去走或许就很圆满地获取了成功，或许就大致成功却稍留缺憾，或许就根本是个事业大失败的结局，人生况味无外乎上述三种可能。

有缺憾固然该“叹息”并后悔当初选择的太过于“草率”了些；我们说，就是成功者也可以“叹息”，认为假如选择走另外的一条道路成功准许会更大。

这样憧憬未来的回顾因其打通了“少年、中年、老年”再“老年、中年、少年”的关节，属全程式鸟瞰，是高瞻远瞩，显得深刻。

诗人在作品中的价值取向是明确的、不含糊的，他并没因为“叹息”就否定当初的“隆重选择”，他甚至为自己“选择了人迹更少的一条”去走而喝彩，虽然曲高可能和寡，虽然极有可能是失败居多，但是他认为即使失败也依然光彩，因为毕竟曾经奋斗过、拼搏过。

赏析“T he R oad N ot T aken"尹亮宇(南京交通职业技术学院外语部，江苏南京．210000)摘要：文章简析了美国著名诗人罗伯特弗罗斯特的诗——《未选择的路》。

本文作者通过对章节的详细分析，逐步了解这首诗的艺术构成．从而让读者得到一定的人生启示。

该诗告诉我们．人都有选择生活道路的自由意志和权利。

一旦做出选择．便要为自己的选择付出努力。

不要因现实的限制而左顾右盼迟迟不采取行动。

关键词：《未选择的路>艺术构成艺术效果启示一、‘未选择的路》简述《未选择的路》是美国著名诗人罗伯特-弗罗斯特的著名诗篇。

罗伯特弗罗斯特堪称美国20世纪90年代最受欢迎的诗人之一，是美国非官方的桂冠诗人，他一生致力于诗歌的创作，主要写作并出版了10部诗集．这一首是其第三部诗集《山的间隔》中的名篇。

《未选择的路》描绘的是一个面临选择的人和他进行选择时的心态．至于选择的具体内容并没有写出，诗人想表达的着眼点是选择本身。

每一个读者都能够在这首诗中发现自己的生活体验．体味其中的哲理。

这首诗具有丰富的内涵．给读者留下了想像的空间．从而受到触动．引发深深的思索。

这种每个人都有过的复杂的心理体验，被弗罗斯特敏感地捕捉到了．并谱写成一首脍炙人口的佳作。

笔者认为这首诗之所以广受欢迎，也正是因为它表现了人类共同的感受。

该诗采用平实叙述的行文。

割裂时空的情节铺排．寓意内容的象征手法．表现作者主观意志高于现实的主导思想。

第一、二jJ-,节。

诗中的我一个行者。

至渐黄的树林，路分成两条。

行者一人，无论如何只能走其中的一条。

行者在树林中伫立、徘徊．极目远瞩前面的路一曲曲折折。

在一片灌木中消失。

经过一番怅望、思忖．行者作出了走另一条的选择。

理由很简单。

因为这条路草深人稀。

和那一条“相差无几、同样美丽”。

如果我们联系到诗人自己在写诗与教书之间的选择，或许能更深入地理解这首诗。

对于诗人来说。

如果说教书是一条平坦通畅的生活道路。

那么写诗的道路则可以说充满了幽寂荒凉。

弗罗斯特《未选择的路》赏析（一条未走的路）未选择的路 The Road Not Taken黄色的树林里分出两条路，Two roads diverged in a yellow wood.可惜我不能同时涉足，And so sorry that I could not travel both and be one traveler我站在那路口久久伫立， Long I stood and looked down on as far as I could.我向着一条路极目望去， To where it bent in the undergrowth.直到它消失在丛林深处。

但我选择了另一条路， Then took the other, as just as fair,它荒草萋萋，十分幽静， And having perhaps the better claim 显得更诱人，更美丽； Because it was grassy and wanted wear;虽然在这两条小路上，却很少留下旅人的足迹。

Really about the same, and both that morning虽然那天清晨落叶满地，两条路却未经脚印污染。

Equally lay in leaves, no step had trodden black啊，留下一条路等改日再见！Oh, I kept the first for another day!但我知道路径延绵无尽头， Yet knowing how way leads on to way.恐怕我难以再回返。

I doubted if I should ever come back.也许多年后在某个地方，I shall be telling this with a sign somewhere,我将轻声叹息将往事回顾； Ages and ages hence:一片树林里分出两条路-- Two roads diverged in a wood.而我选择了人迹更少的一条，And I –I took the one less traveled by,从此决定了我一生的道路。

作者： 赵清丽 孟占格
作者机构： 邢台学院,河北邢台054001
出版物刊名： 芒种
页码： 99-100页
年卷期： 2013年 第12期
主题词：�未选择的路》 弗罗斯特 罗伯特 诗歌 20世纪90年代 哲学思想 人生感受 语言视角
摘要：罗伯特·弗罗斯特的名篇《未选择的路》脍炙人口,表达了诗人独特的人生感受及其深邃的哲学思想,本文对弗罗斯特进行介绍,从语言视角以及诗歌所蕴含的寓意方面对该诗进行分析,挖掘其丰富内涵和深刻含义。

一、罗伯特·弗罗斯特罗伯特·弗罗斯特（1874一1963）是美国20世纪90年代最受欢迎的诗人之一,四次获得普利策奖,并被许多大学聘为驻校诗人,一生致力于诗歌创。

•••••••••••••••••弗罗斯特《未走的路》赏析2弗罗斯特《一条未走的路》赏析2（美）弗罗斯特方平译深黄的林子里有两条岔开的路，很遗憾，我，一个过路人，没法同时踏上两条征途，伫立好久，我向一条路远远望去，直到它打弯，视线被灌木丛挡住。

于是我选了另一条，不比那条差，也许我还能说出更好的理由，因为它绿草茸茸，等待人去践踏--其实讲到留下了来往的足迹，两条路，说不上差别有多大。

那天早晨，有两条路，相差无几，都埋在还没被踩过的落叶底下。

啊，我把那第一条路留给另一天！可我知道，一条路又接上另一条，将来能否重回旧地，这就难言。

隔了多少岁月，流逝了多少时光，我将叹一口气，提起当年的旧事：林子里有两条路，朝着两个方向，而我--我走上一条更少人迹的路，于是带来完全不同的一番景象。

人的一生中，常常会遇到许多需要抉择的时候。

职业、爱情、婚姻等等，我们的面前摆着两条或更多的路，看上去都差不多，各有各的吸引人之处，而我们只能选择其中的一条。

鱼和熊掌，不可兼得。

这时我们往往会变得犹豫不决，反复权衡，拿不定主意。

最后，我们终究会选择其中的一条路去走，心里想着万一此路不通，还可以退回来，重新走另一条路。

然而生活常常跟我们过不去，一旦走上了一条路，想要回头恐怕难上加难了，我们只能硬着头皮继续走下去，颇有一种悲壮的感觉。

但有时我们会停下来，回头看看，不禁感慨万千，心想要是当年自己选择了另一条路，现在不知会怎样了？这时的我们，真希望时光能够倒流，一切可以重来，就像科幻影片中那样，该有多好！这种复杂的、每个人都有过的经验，被一位诗人敏感地捕捉到了，写成了一首脍炙人口的名作。

就是我们现在读到的这首诗，这位敏感的诗人就是美国现代诗歌的代表人物之一、四次获得普利策诗歌奖的罗伯特弗罗斯特(Robert Frost, 1874-1963)。

弗罗斯特诗歌最大的特点就是朴素，他“用日常聊天的语调建立他的诗行”，走了一条与其他现代派诗人完全不同的道路。

编者按：罗ｆＭ，－５－－弗罗斯特的诗既简易又深刻，同时赢得了普通大众和专业评论界的广泛认可。

普通大众觉得，弗罗斯特那些以简单口语描写日常事物的诗歌亲切可诵，而诗评家则叹服于其诗的高超技巧和丰厚蕴藉。

语文版教材选了弗罗斯特的两首诗，都是名作。

一首《一条未走的路》，在九年级下册；一首是《牧场》，在高中选修教材《中外现代诗歌欣赏》中。

对一首诗的解读，可以有不同的层次，为了让弗罗斯特浅白的诗歌语言背后的多重向度和深层含义显现出来，本刊特约了细读这两首诗的文章。

我们保留了原稿中对英语原文的引用，即便是中学生，也是可以看懂这些诗句的，而中英文本对照所产生的微妙意味，对于深层次理解来说，又是必须的。

让我们进入弗罗斯特精心构建的雅俗共赏的诗歌境界。

罗伯特・弗罗斯特（１８７４＂－＇１９６３），是２０世纪美国大诗人，一生大部分时间生活于新英格兰乡下，素有“新英格兰诗人”之称。

艾略特称弗罗斯特是当时“最卓越、最杰出”的英美诗人，并把他与但丁、莎±比亚和歌德并列。

这无疑是极高的评价。

一般认为，弗罗斯特的诗常常从描写新英格兰的自然景色或风俗人情开始，渐渐进入哲理的境界。

这一评论大体是不错的，但没有提及弗罗斯特诗中的机智、世故、深藏的戏剧性、黑暗内核和游戏精神的互斥互动。

他的诗在朴素的传统形式中，在避免晦涩的同时，获得了复杂性和现代性。

博尔赫斯论及弗罗斯特时说到：“他用农村和普通的事物，对精神现实作了简练而恰当的暗示。

”这是相当内行的说法。

《一条未走的路》是弗罗斯特的名诗，也是被分析最多的诗作之一。

它描●绘的是一个路人在林中遭遇歧路，对两条路进行了观察和比较，走了其中的一条，最后又设想了自己在多年之后，对浏罚割剖２０。

ｏ．７－８翎剥剥例２０Ｉｏ．文学北京Ｖ颜世民这一事件的一番感慨。

诗共分四节，每节五行，严格按照ＡＢＡＡＢ方式押韵。

诗是用朴素简单的语言写成的，但由于旬式的精心搭配、语调的多变、含混的暗示、暗藏的讽刺，使得诗作具有多重指涉，意旨摇摆不定。

The Road Not Taken 《未选择的路》罗伯特•弗罗斯特（Robert Frost）生于1874年，卒于1963年，可能要算是20世纪美国最受欢迎和爱戴的一位诗人了。

1912年，他弃农从文，从此成为了一名专业诗人。

他曾在1961年时受邀在约翰•F•肯尼迪总统的就职典礼上朗诵他的诗歌——《The Gift Outright》。

而本次我为大家推荐的《The Road Not Taken》则是他最著名的一首诗歌。

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood 黄色的树林里分出两条路And sorry I could not travel both 可惜我不能同时去涉足And be one traveler, long I stood 我在那路口久久伫立And looked down one as far as I could 我向着一条路极目望去To where it bent in the undergrown 直到它消失在丛林深处Then took the other, as just as fair 但我却选了另外一条路And having perhaps the better claim 它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂Because it was grassy and wanted wear; 显得更诱人、更美丽Though as for that the passing there 虽然在这两条小路上Had worn them really about the same 都很少留下旅人的足迹And both that morning equally lay 虽然那天清晨落叶满地In leaves no step had trodden black 两条路都未经脚印污染Oh, I kept the first for another day! 呵，留下一条路等改日再见！Yet knowing how way leads on to way, 但我知道路径延绵无尽头I doubted if I should even come back.恐怕我难以再回返I shall be telling this with a sigh 也许多少年后在某个地方Somewhere ages and ages hence: 我将轻声叹息把往事回顾Two roads diverged in a wood, and I--- 一片树林里分出两条路I took the one less traveled by, 而我选了人迹更少的一条And that has made all the difference 从此决定了我一生的道路评论1："The Road Not Taken" is a poem by Robert Frost, published in 1916 in the collection Mountain Interval, it is the first poem in the volume and is printed in italics. The title is often mistakenly given as "The Road Less Traveled", from the penultimate line: "I took the one less traveled by".The poem has two recognized interpretations; one is a more literal interpretation, while the other is more ironic.Readers often see the poem literally, as an expression of individualism. Critics typically view the poem as ironic.[1] – "'The Road Not Taken,' perhaps the most famous example of Frost's own claims to conscious irony and 'the best example in all of American poetry of a wolf in sheep's clothing.'"[2] – and Frost himself warned "You have to be careful of that one; it's a tricky poem – very tricky."[3] Frost intended the poem as a gentle jab at his great friend and fellow poet Edward Thomas with whom he used to take walks through the forest (Thomas always complained at the end that they should have taken a different path) and seemed amused at this certain interpretation of the poem as inspirational.Literal interpretationAccording to the literal (and more common) interpretation, the poem is inspirational, a paean to individualism and non-conformism.The poem consists of four stanzas. In the first stanza, the speaker describes his position. He has been out walking in the woods and comes to two roads, and he stands looking as far down each one as he can see. He would like to try out both, but doubts he could do that, so therefore he continues to look down the roads for a long time trying to make his decision about which road to take.Ironic interpretationThe ironic interpretation, widely held by critics,[1][5] is that the poem is instead about regret and personal myth-making,rationalizing our decisions.In this interpretation, the final two lines:I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.are ironic : the choice made little or no difference at all, the speaker's protestations to the contrary. The speaker admits in the second and third stanzas that both paths may be equally worn and equally leaf-covered, and it is only in his future recollection that he will call one road "less traveled by".The sigh, widely interpreted as a sigh of regret, might also be interpreted ironically: in a 1925 letter to Cristine Yates of Dickson, Tennessee, asking about the sigh, Frost replied: "It was my rather private jest at the expense of those who might think I would yet live to be sorry for the way I had taken in life."Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey, life. There is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head. Regardless of the original message that Robert Frost had intended to convey, his poem, "The Road Not Taken", has left its readers with many different interpretations. It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light that he will see the poem in. In any case however, this poem clearly demonstrates Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is. "And sorry I could not travel both..." It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on. There is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made and it lies in the knowledge that in one lifetime, it is impossible to travel down every path. In an attempt to make a decision, the traveler "looks down one as far as I could". The road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life. As much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead. It is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going. "Then took the other, just as fair, and having perhaps the better claim." What made it have the better claim is that "it was grassland wanted wear." It was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path therefore he calls it "the road less traveled by". The fact that the traveler took this path over the more popular, secure one indicates the type of personality he has, one that does not want to necessarily follow the crowd but do more of what has never been done, what is new and different. "And both that morning equally lay in leaves no step had trodden black." The leaves had covered the ground and since the time they had fallen no one had yet to pass by on this road. Perhaps Frost does this because each time a person comes to the point where they have to make a choice, it is new to them, somewhere they have never been and they tend to feel as though no one else had ever been there either. "I kept the first for another day!" The desire to travel down both paths is expressed and is not unusual, but "knowing how way leads on to way", the speaker of this poem realizes that the decision is not just a temporary one and he "doubted if I should ever come back." This is his common sense speaking and acknowledging that what he chooses now will affect every other choice he makes afterward. Once you have performed an act or spoken a word that crystallizes who you are, there is no turning back and it cannot be undone. Once again at the end of the poem the regret hangs over the traveler like a heavy cloud about to burst. He realizes that at the end of his life, "somewhere ages and ages hence", he will have regrets about having never gone back and traveling down the roads he did not take. Yet he remains proud of his decision and he recognizes that it was this path that he chose that made him turn out the way and he did and live his life the way in which he lived. "I took the road less traveled by and that had made all the difference." To this man, what was most important, what really made the difference, is that he did what he wanted, even if it meant taking the road less traveled. If he hadn't, he wouldn't be the same man he is now. There are many equally valid meanings to this poem and Robert Frost may have intended this. He may have been trying to achieve a universal understanding. In other words, there is no judgment, no specificity, no moral. There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been. It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.评论2：Robert Frost is one of the finest of rural New England’s 20th century pastoral poets. His poems are great combination ofwisdom, harmony and serenity. They are simple at first sight, but demand readers for deep reading to grasp further meaning beyond surface.The famous poem of Frost The Road Not Taken is my favorite. This poem consists of four stanzas of five lines. The rhyme scheme is ABAAB. the rhymes are strict and masculine, with notable exception of the last line. There are four stressed syllables each line, varying on iambic tetrameter base.The Road Not Taken tells about life choice. Man’s life is metaphorically related to a journey filled with twists and turns. O ne has to consider a lot before making a wise choice. Though the diverged roads seem identical, they actually lead to different directions, which symbolize different fates.A less than rigorous look at the poem may lead one to believe that Frost’s moral is embodied in those lines. The poem is take n as a call to independence, preaching originality and Emersonian self-reliance. The poem deconstructs its conclusion stanza by stanza.At the beginning of this poem, the poet shows the inability of human beings to foresee the future, especially the results of choices. At the split in the road, the speaker looks far down both the two paths to see what each of the paths will bring. However, his sight is limited; his eyes can only see the path until it bends into “the undergrowth”. Man is free to choose, b ut doesn’t know beforehand the results of hi s choice.Both roads diverge into a “yellow wood” and appear to be “about the same” in their purposes. The first path is a more common route. The other is less traveled, which “was grass and wanted wear”. The poet presents a conflict here—the decision between the common easy path and exceptional challenging path. The two different paths signify two different kinds of lives. Choosing the common easy path, people will feel at ease and live in safety, because the outcome is predictable. However, that kind of l ife may be less exciting and lack of novelty. While choosing the “less traveled” road represents the gamble of facing a more difficult path in lives. This forms contrast with familiar lives of most people. People hope to achiever a satisfactory and interesting life on this road. The wish is good, but reality is full of challenges and uncertainties. Nobody can be sure of the outcome. After vacillating between the two roads, the poet finally decides to take the road “less traveled by” and leads a different life from common people. This may indicate his choice to be a poet, other than other jobs. The poet makes up his mind to dedicate himself to poem writing, which is regarded as a less common career.Once the decision is made, there will be no way to return to the original choice to experience the other route. So the poet utters “Yet knowing how way leads on to way,I doubted if I should ever come back.” The made choice is irrevocable, so man must be careful and rational before making decisions. At the same time, he must be courageous enough to shoulder the result of his choice, whether it is good or not.Frost presents man’s limitation to explore life’s different possibilities. The poet “sighs” at the end of the poem. For at th e time of one’s choice, he must give up other choices and miss some other things. At the same time, he “sighs” with lamentation, pondering what he may have missed on the other path and that he doesn’t have opportunities to experience another kind of life.The Road Not Taken is interpreted universally as a representation of two similar choices. At the beginning, man may face two identical forks, which symbolize the nexus of free choice and fate. They contrast increasingly with each other as they diverge in their separate directions. Man is fr ee to choose, but it’s beyond his ability to foretell the consequences. Man can choose a common route which guarantees a safe and reliable life. He can also choose a less common one which is unknown, unique and stands out above other else’s. All in all, ma n must be responsible for his choice and has courage to shoulder the result. He can never go back to the past and experience other possibilities. It is impossible to predict the outcome of decisions, so it is essential for him to make wise decisions after considering, selecting and questioning which selection will provide him with fulfillment.The Road Not Taken is full of philosophical overtones. This poem should be read as a warning. Man should consider a lot before making choices and reflect over the cho ices he has made to discover “all the differences”.评论3：Robert Frost’s “The Road Not Taken” has been one of the most analyzed, quoted, anthologized poems in American poetry. A wide-spread interpretation claims that the speaker in the poem is promoting individualism and non-conformity.A Tricky PoemFrost claims that he wrote this poem about his friend Edward Thomas, with whom he had walked many times in the woods near London. Frost has said that while walking they would come to different paths and after choosing one, Thomas would always fret wondering what they might have missed by not taking the other path.About the poem, Frost asserted, "You have to be careful of that one; it's a tricky poem - very tricky." And he is, of course, correct. The poem has been and continues to be used as an inspirational poem, one that to the undiscerning eye seems to be encouraging self-reliance, not following where others have led.But a close reading of the poem proves otherwise. It does not moralize about choice; it simply says that choice is inevitable, but you never know what your choice will mean until you have lived it.First Stanza – Describes SituationThe poem consists of four stanzas. In the first stanza, the speaker describes his position. He has been out walking the woods and comes to two roads, and he stands looking as far down each one as he can see. He would like to try out both, but doubts he could to that, so therefore he continues to look down the roads for a long time trying to make his decision about which road to take.Second Stanza – Decides to Take Less-Traveled RoadThe speaker had looked down the first one “to where it bent in the undergrowth,” and in the second stanza, he reports that he decided to take the other path, because it seemed to have less traffic than the first. But then he goes on to say that they actually were very similarly worn. The second one that he took seems less traveled, but as he thinks about it, he realizes that they were “really about the same.” Not exactly that same but only “about the same.”Third Stanza – Continues Description of RoadsThe third stanza continues with the cogitation about the possible differences between the two roads. He had noticed that the leaves were both fresh fallen on them both and had not been walked on, but then again claims that maybe he would come back and also walk the first one sometime, but he doubted he would be able to, because in life one thing leads to another and time is short.Also on Suite101Frost's Snow and WoodsRobert Frost's "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" seems simple, but its nuanced phrase, "And miles to go before I sleep," offers much about which to speculate.Fourth Stanza – Two Tricky WordsThe fourth stanza holds the key to the trickiness of the poem:I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.Those who interpret this poem as suggesting non-conformity take the word “difference” to be a positive difference. But there is nothing in the poem that suggests that this difference signals a positive outcome. The speaker could not offer such information, because he has not lived the “difference” yet.The other word that leads readers astray is the word “sigh.” By taking “difference” to mean a positive diffe rence, they think that the sigh is one of nostalgic relief; however, a sigh can also mean regret. There is the “oh, dear” kind of sigh, but als o the “what a relief” kind of sigh. Which one is it?If it is the relief sigh, then the difference means the speaker is glad he took the road he did; if it is the regret sigh, then the difference would not be good, and the speaker would be sighing in regret. But the plain fact is that the poem does not identify the nature of that sigh. The speaker of the poem does not even know the nature of that sigh, because that sigh and his evaluation of the difference his choice will make are still in the future. It is a truism that any choice an indiviual make is going to make “all the difference” in how our future turns out.Ca reful Readers Won’t Be TrickedSo Frost was absolutely correct; his poem is tricky—very tricky. In this poem, it is important to be careful with the time frame. When the speaker says he will be reporting sometime in the future how his road choice turned out, he clearly states that he cannot assign meaning to “sigh” and “difference” yet, because he cannot know how his choice will affect his future, until aft erhe has lived it.评论4：1．IntroductionAs is well known to people, Robert Frost is one of the most famous national poets of America. Though contemporary with modernists like T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound, Robert Frost is often regarded as a traditional poet of nature. He rejected the revolutionary poetic principles of his contemporary. On the contrary, he ch ose “the old- fashioned way to be new and urged poets to use the idioms of spoken English and, when possible, to rely on commonplace and even rustic imagery. And he saw nature as a storehouse of analogy and symbol. However, unlike other poets of nature, he depicted nature as something in constant conflicts with human beings and bring a deep sense of uncertainty and even tragedy to them. Simple as they seem, his poems are often profound in meaning between the lines. Most of his poems are characterized with an unusual sense of tragedy and reflect weakness of human beings in the face of vast, impersonal force.Additionally, the poem reflects Frost’s own personal tragedy and his miserable, sorrowful inner feelings exactly. When it comes to this, his personal life experience has to be taken into consideration. Famous and popular as he became, but he suffer a lot during all his life. He lost his father as a young boy, and he was bereaved of his beloved wife in his middle age. What is worse, all of his children ended up dying young or suffering from mental disease. For him, life seemed to keep playing tricks on him and made his life miserable. As a result, many poems composed by him, not only this one, are featured with an exotic sense of tragic beauty.2. AnalysisIn this poem, the speaker, a traveler in the wood faced with the choice of two roads. The roads bear two connotations: the material roads and the roads of life. Now, let me give some specific analysis.2.1 See over one roadIn part o ne, the speaker faced with two roads in the autumnal wood and feel puzzled over which one to choose. “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”, He stood there for a long time and mused on one of them, which was taken by many people. Unfortunately, he was unable to find out which place the，road would take him to, for it is far beyond his ability to know where the road would lead. However, he must choose to take.2.2. The other oneIn part two, he stepped on the other road, “Then took the other, as just as fair”, It was grassy and not taken. His choice would affect every other subsequent choice, and there was no turning back. From his choice for the less trodden road, it could be concluded that he did not like to follow the steps of other people, he wanted his own life choired by himself.2.3 HelplessIn part three, he decided to choose the less traveled one, but he was aware that he could never have a chance to return to the first road. “I doubted if I should never come back” showed he is helpless.2.4 Chose the less traveled roadIn part four, “I shall be telling this with a sign”, he articulated why he chose the less traveled road, for he expected his life to be unusual and different. But there was no way to foretell the consequences of his choice.All in all, for the speaker, the road of life was accident and mystical, and his very choice was crucial in determining the consequences of his life. The ordinary people follow other’s choice, while the exceptional ones choose their unique roads of life.3. Conclusion3.1 Everyone is a travelerEveryone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey. There is never a straight path but a sole direction in which to head. It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light.In any case however, this poem clearly explained Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is. It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what willbe missed out on. It is impossible to travel down every path. The road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life. As much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.It is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going. It was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path. There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been. It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.3.2 Human beings are so weakIn a word, the poem The Road Not Taken is a very beautiful and excellent poem. It is set in a rural natural environment where always inspire the speaker to think of life. It is based on a metaphor in which the journey through life is compared to a journey on a road. And the speaker of the poem has to choose one path instead of another. Even though the two paths look equally attractive, the speaker knows that his choice at this moment may have a significant influence on his future. He does make a decision, hoping that he may be able to visit this place again, yet realizing that such an opportunity is impossible. He imagines himself in the future telling the story of his life, and claiming that his decision to take the road less traveled by, the road few other people have taken, has made all the difference.This thesis intends to explore Frost’s own view of life. He told us that human beings are so weak when compared with nature and the destiny. Though human beings have made great progress in the past several centuries, there will forever exist something that is far beyond their control. For human, it is unable to do anything useful when he is in conflict with the impersonal force. And it’s also unable to control his own destiny; on the contrary, his fate and destiny are in the charge of something mysterious beyond him. In this sense, life is a tragedy to human. So it could be said that Frost conveyed his sense of tragedy common to human through this simple but beautiful poem. It is simple in form but profound in meaning.评论5：SummaryThe speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road. Both ways are equally worn and equally overlaid withun-trodden leaves. The speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day. Yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so. And he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: He will claim that he took the less-traveled road.From“The Road Not Taken” consists of four stanzas of five lines. Th e rhyme scheme is ABAAB; the rhymes are strict and masculine, with the notable exception of the last line (we do not usually stress the -ence of difference). There are four stressed syllables per line, varying on an iambic tetrameter base.CommentaryThis has got to be among the best-known, most-often-misunderstood poems on the planet. Several generations of careless readers have turned it into a piece of Hallmark happy-graduation-son, seize-the-future puffery. Cursed with a perfect marriage of form and co ntent, arresting phrase wrought from simple words, and resonant metaphor, it seems as if “The Road Not Taken” gets memorized without really being read. For this it has died the cliché’s un-death of trivial immortality.But you yourself can resurrect it from zombie-hood by reading it—not with imagination, even, but simply with accuracy. Of the two roads the speaker says “the passing there / Had worn them really about the same.” In fact, both roads “that morning lay / In leaves no step had trodden black.” Me aning: Neither of the roads is less traveled by. These are the facts; we cannot justifiably ignore the reverberations they send through the easy aphorisms of the last two stanzas.One of the attractions of the poem is its archetypal dilemma, one that we instantly recognize because each of us encounters itinnumerable times, both literally and figuratively. Paths in the woods and forks in roads are ancient and deep-seated metaphors for the lifeline, its crises and decisions. Identical forks, in particular, symbolize for us the nexus of free will and fate: We are free to choose, but we do not really know beforehand what we are choosing between. Our route is, thus, determined by an accretion of choice and chance, and it is impossible to separate the two.This poem does not advise. It does not say, “When you come to a fork in the road, study the footprints and take the road less traveled by” (or even, as Yogi Berra enigmatically quipped, “When you come to a fork in the road, take it”). Frost’s focus is more complicated. First, there is no less-traveled road in this poem; it isn’t even an option. Next, the poem seems more concerned with the question of how the concrete present (yellow woods, grassy roads covered in fallen leaves) will look from a future vantage point.The ironic tone is inescapable: “I shall be telling this with a sigh / Somewhere ages and ages hence.” The speaker anticipate s his own future insincerity—his need, later on in life, to rearrange the facts and inject a dose of Lone Ranger into the account. He knows that he will be inaccurate, at best, or hypocritical, at worst, when he holds his life up as an example. In fact, he predicts that his future self will betray this moment of decision as if the betrayal were inevitable. This realization is ironic and poignantly pathetic. But the “sigh” is critical. The speaker will not, in his old age, merely gather the youth about him and say, “Do what I did, kiddies. I stuck to my guns, took the road less traveled by, and that has made all the difference.” Rather, he may say this, but he will sigh first; for he won’t believe it himself. Somewhere in the back of his mind will remain the imag e of yellow woods and two equally leafy paths.Ironic as it is, this is also a poem infused with the anticipation o f remorse. Its title is not “The Road Less Traveled” but “The Road Not Taken.” Even as he makes a choice (a choice he is forced to make if does not want to stand forever in the woods, one for which he has no real guide or definitive basis for decision-making), the speaker knows that he will second-guess himself somewhere down the line—or at the very least he will wonder at what is irrevocably lost: the impossible, unknowable Other Path. But the nature of the decision is such that there is no Right Path—just the chosen path and the other path. What are sighed for ages and ages hence are not so much the wrong decisions as the moments of decision themselves—moments that, one atop the other, mark the passing of a life. This is the more primal strain of remorse.Thus, to add a further level of irony, the theme of the poem may, after all, be “seize the day.” But a more nuanced carpe die m, if you please.。

无须后悔--《没走的路》浅析
李根灿
【期刊名称】《内蒙古电大学刊》
【年(卷),期】2003(000)005
【摘要】@@ 《没走的路》的作者是罗伯特·李·弗洛斯特.他生于美国旧金山,祖籍新英格兰.作为一名诗人,弗洛斯特喜爱的题材是新英格兰的生活和农事,所写的大多是田园诗,《没走的路》便是其中之一.然而他的诗在刻画乡间生活的外表下,时常有一种更深广的寓意,即一些对生活本身的经验或真谛.他是一位纯朴的诗人,其无韵体诗形式丰富;他有时兼用传统节律诗和自由无韵诗写作,有时又用一种取二者之长的创作方法,一种也许可称作半自由半传统的形式.通过简单的口语和熟悉的交谈式的节奏,他形成了一种自然优美的风格.
【总页数】1页(P16)
【作者】李根灿
【作者单位】大理学院外语系
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】I2
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