高级英语(二)教与学指南

高级英语 2 张汉熙第 3 版学习指南及答案| 才聪学习网［电子书］张汉熙《高级英语（2）》（第 3 版）学习指南【词汇短语＋课文精解＋全文翻译＋练习答案】文章来源：才聪学习网/ 高级英语内容简介《高级英语（ 2 ）（第 3 版）学习指南》按照原教材的课次进行编写，每单元涉及词汇短语、课文精解、文体修辞、全文翻译以及练习答案等内容，旨在帮助学生更好、更高效地学习和掌握教材中的重点及难点知识，具有很强的针对性和实用性。

在编写过程中，该书力求突出重点，答疑难点，语言言简意赅，讲解深入浅出，希望它能得到广大英语专业学生和英语自学者的喜爱和认可。

试读（部分内容）Lesson 1 Pub Talk and the King 's English一、词汇短语1．intricate [ 5intrikit ] adj. complex; solvable or comprehensible only wit h painstaking effort 错综复杂的；难懂的，难以解决的：an intricate desig n 难懂的设计2．indulge [in5dQldV] vt. to yield to the desires and whims of, especial ly to an excessive degree 沉迷，放纵，纵情享受：indulge oneself in ea ting and drinking 纵情于吃喝。

与其构成的短语有：indulge in 沉溺于；饱享3．meander [mi5AndE] vi. to move aimlessly and idly without fixed dir ection 漫游，闲逛：We usually meander down to the pub after the di nner. 晚饭之后，我们常常漫步去酒吧。

4．conversationalist [7kCnvE5seiFEnElis] t n. one given to or skilled at co nversation 健谈者：He is even-tempered, easy-going and an excellent conversationalist. 他是处事不惊的，待人随和，同时也是个非常健谈的人。

Lesson 12 Four Laws of Ecology （Part II）一、词汇短语1. pervasive [] adj. existing everywhere到处存在的，到处弥漫着的：The fact that so many people have posted comments on this topicshows how pervasive and complicated it is.事实上这么多人公开谈论这个话题，就已经表明这是多么普遍多么复杂的事情。

2. detrimental [] adj. causing harm or damage有害的，不利的：The policy will be detrimental to the peace process.这项政策不利于和平进程。

3. analogy []n. something that seems similar between twosituations, processes, etc.类似处，相似处4. finite [] adj. having an end or a limit 有限的，有限度的：Humanknowledge is finite, ie there are things we do not know. 人类的认识是有限的。

5. improbable [] adj. not likely to happen or to be true 不大可能发生的，未必确切的：As improbable as this sounds, it really works.听起来有点不可思议，但这是真的。

6. self-evident [] adj. clearly true and needing no moreproof不证自明的，显而易见的：It seems to me self-evident that policesearches of newspaper offices burden the freedom of the press.警察对报社的搜查给新闻自由造成压力，这在我看来是不言而喻的。

《高级英语2》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程编号：1511123英文名称：Advanced English教材：《高级英语2第三版》授课对象：英语专业三四年级开课学期：4学分/学时：3/64先修课程:高级英语1教学方式：讲解和演示课程简介：《高级英语2》是一门训练学生综合英语技能尤其是阅读理解、语法修辞与写作能力的课程。

通过鉴赏内容广泛的材料，包括涉及政治、经济、社会、语言、文学、教育、哲学、法律、宗教及自然科学等方面的名家作品，扩大学生的知识面，加深学生对社会和人生的理解，培养学生对名篇的分析和理解能力、逻辑思维能力与独立思考的能力，增强对文化差异的敏感性，巩固和提高学生英语语言技能。

二、课程教学目的和要求通过该课程的学习，使学生的英语水平有较大的提高，最终帮助学生通过英语专业八级。

帮助学生继续打好语言基本功，进一步扩大知识面，不断提高学生修辞和判断评判的能力。

通过《高级英语2》的教学，使学生抓住所读作品的要点，分析文章的结果、分清文章体裁。

掌握常见修辞手法以及语言技巧，复习巩固掌握构词法，进而提高他们的英语阅读理解能力和欣赏水平。

三、教学内容与学识分配Lesson1:Pub talk and the king English（8课时）重点内容:using many elliptical and short,simple sentences to achieve certain effect教学方法：Introduction to the Passage课后作业：What is the organizational pattern of this piece ofnarration?Lesson2:Marrakech（6课时）重点内容:clever choice of words and scenes and tenses教学方法：introduct课后作业:Know ways of developing the thesis of a piece of exposition Lesson3:Inaugural Address(January20,1961)（6课时）重点内容:Kennedys Inaugural Address教学方法:Make a situational dialogue.课后作业:Remember the new worldLesson4:Love is Fallacy（6课时）重点内容:How to understand love教学方法:Reading课后作业:Translate the sentenceLesson5:The sad Yong Men（6课时）重点内容:The meaning of Logical fallacies教学方法:tell some stories课后作业:Exercises Oral PresentationLesson6:Loving and Hating New York（6课时）重点内容:A brief introduction to his views in Culture and Technology in the Twentieth Century教学方法:Find some pictures of it.课后作业:Practice with World and ExpressionsLesson7:The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas（6课时）重点内容:Variations on theme by William James教学方法:make use of PPT课后作业:Word and ExpressionsLesson8;The Future of the English（6课时）重点内容:culture and economy教学方法:reading some history课后作业:Translation the following sentences into ChineseLesson9:The loons（8课时）重点内容:The loons life教学方法:on-the-spot investigation课后作业:question on structure and styleLesson10:The Discovery of What It Means to Be an American（6课时）重点内容:The way to be American教学方法:search for date课后作业:Explain the sentences四、教学方法本课程要求加大课堂教学过程中的互动性、交际性的活动突破以往语言表面层次上的教与学 注意学生学会对语义、语篇、修辞等深层次的理解、掌握。

高级英语（2）Advanced English (2)一、基本信息课程代码：2020037课程学分：4面向专业：本科专业（翻译、商务班）课程性质：专业必修课课程类型：理论教学课开课院系：外国语学院英语系使用教材：主教材《综合教程》（第六册），何兆熊，上海外语教育出版社，2009年辅助教材《英美报刊选读》，张卫平，外语教育与研究出版社，2006年参考教材《最新英美报刊选读》陈忠利，中国人民出版社，2006年先修课程：高级英语（1）后续课程：高级英语（3）二、课程简介《高级英语》（2）是一门专业必修课，它旨在培养英语专业高年级学生对各种文体的阅读分析理解能力，同时是学生具备一定的英美语言文化知识，使这些知识能转化成学生语言知识与技能的一部分。

从而更具备用地道、自如的口笔语言表达自己的思想。

本课程又旨在既使学生在社会背景文化素养上能做到充分有效，灵活地移入，又使学生在语言功能的掌握方面得到进一步夯实。

《高级英语》（2）课程通过九个单元的精讲多练，使学生进一步熟悉英美国家的历史，社会文化、教育、政治方面的内容，使学生有一个全面了解英美文化体制、社会基本面貌、及西方国家所存在的社会问题。

从而更加坚定的保持社会主义先进的文化方向、语言文风。

本大纲在这一原则的引领下，使学生深入英美文学作家英语表达的语体、语域更加熟知，体会英语语言的特色，地道遣词造句的特点，并能在翻译与写作过程中自觉运用所学的语言技能，从而提高滋生的语言表达与县外国文化精华的能力。

《高级英语》（2）课程是一个传授与大量实践所学课内与课外文章中的难度较高的语言点与语法点的过程，使学生具备较完备的知识迁移的能力与技巧，在将来的翻译与商务谈判实践中，胜任高强度与高精度、高密度的阅读翻译、写作与工作要求。

三、选课建议《高级英语》（2）课程适合对英语本科三年级下学期（即第六学期）学生开设，要求学生进行有效的阅读，同时要求学生养成良好的语言习惯，正确的思维与辨别能力，能够辩证的看待英美国家的社会文化存在的问题和发展方向，从而坚定不移的坚持吸收其精华为我国文化所用。

⾼级英语（⼆）教与学指南⾼级英语（⼆）教与学指南Practice TestsFor Advanced English(2)主编张华鸿前⾔编写本书的⽬的：⽬前英语专业三年级所使⽤的由上海外国语⼤学李观仪教授主编的〈新编英语教程〉第五、六册本书的主要特点：1．紧扣精读课⽂编写练习，实⽤性、针对性强。

2．对于同义词辨析的练习配以详尽的解释和相应的例句，旨在帮助学⽣真正弄懂并掌握这些词的⽤法。

3．设计了旨在提⾼学⽣语⾔运⽤熟练程度的系列练习，分别为：⼀、英语释义⼆、英语句型转换三、汉译英四、完形填空五、成段改错4．练习均配有参考答案。

本书由张华鸿主编。

⾼华⽼师负责编写同义词辨析部分；郑艳丽⽼师负责编写句型转换部分；张华鸿⽼师负责编写英语释义、汉译英、完形填空和成段改错四部分，以及全书的编排、设计、整合与审编定稿等⼯作。

本书承华南师范⼤学外国语⾔⽂化学院领导的⼤⼒⽀持，以及英语系⾼年级教研室全体同仁的热⼼帮助，编者在此表⽰衷⼼的感谢。

编者于华南师范⼤学外⽂学院ContentsUnit One: VESUVIUS ERUPTS 3 Unit Two: THE FINE ART OF PUTTING THINGS OFF16 Unit Three: WALLS AND BARRIERS28 Unit Four: THE LADY，OR THE TIGER？40 Unit Five: THE LADY，OR THE TIGER？53 Unit Six: DULL WORK65 Unit Seven:BEAUTY 74 Unit Eight: APPETITE84 Unit Nine: A RED LIGHT FOR SCOFFLAWS98 Unit Ten: STRAIGHT-A ILLITERACY114131 Unit Eleven: ON CONSIGNING MANUSCRIPTS TOFLOPPY DISCS AND ARCHIVES TO OBLIVIONUnit Twelve: GRANT AND LEE147 Unit Thirteen: EUPHEMISM163 Unit Fourteen: THAT ASTOUNDING CREATOR---NA TURE175 Unit Fifteen: TEACHING AS MOUNTAINEERING191Unit OneTEXT IVESUVIUS ERUPTSI. Paraphrase the parts underlined in the following:So the letter which you asked me to write o n my uncle’s death has made you eager to hear about the terrors and also the hazards I had to face 1when left at Misenum, for I 2broke off at the beginning of this part of my story.I took a bath, dined, and then dozed 3fitfully for a while. For several days past there had been earth 4tremors which were not particularly alarming because they are frequent in Campania: but that night the shocks were so violent that everything fell as if it were not only shaken but overturned.I don’t know whether I should ca ll this courage or 5folly on my part (I was only seventeen at the time) but I 6called for a volume of Livy and went on reading as if I had nothing else to do.Up came a friend of my uncle’s who had just come from Spain to join him. When he saw us sitting there and me actually reading, he scolded us both —me for my 7foolhardiness and my mother for allowing it.By now it was dawn [25 August in the year 79], but the light was still dim and 8faint. The buildings round us were already9tottering, and the open space we were in was too small for us not to be in real and 10imminent danger if the house collapsed. This finally 11decided us to leave the town. We were followed by a panic- stricken mob of people wanting to act on someone else’s decision 12in preference to their own (a point in which fear looks like 13prudence), who 14hurried us on our way by pressing hard behind in a dense crowd.We also saw the sea sucked away and apparently forced back by the earthquake: at any rate it receded from the shore so that 15quantities of sea creatures were left 16stranded on dry sand. On the landward side a fearful black cloud was 17rent by forked and quivering bursts of flame, and parted to reveal great tongues of fire, like flashes of lightning magnified in size.At this poi nt my uncle’s friend from Spain 18spoke up still more urgently: “If your brother, if your uncle is still alive, he will want you both to be saved; if he is dead, he would want you to survive him so why put off your escape?”Soon afterwards the cloud sank down to earth and covered the sea; it had already 19blotted out Capri and hidden the promontory of Misenum from sight. Then my mother 20implored, entreated, and commanded me to escape as best I couldI looked round: a dense black cloud was coming up behind us, spreading over the earth like a flood. “Let us leave the road while we can still see,” I said, “or we shall be knocked down and 21trampled underfoot in the dark by the crowd behind.”You could hear the shrieks of women, the 22wailing of infants, and the shouting of men; some were calling their parents, others their children or their wives, trying to recognize them by their voices. People 23bewailed their own fate or that of their relatives, and there were some who 24prayed for death in their terror of dying. Many 25besought the aid of the gods, but still more imagined there were no gods left, and that the universe was plunged into eternal darkness forevermore. There were people, too, who 26added to the real perils byinventing 27fictitious dangers: some reported that part of Misenum had collapsed or another part was on fire, and though their tales were false they found others to believe them. A 28gleam of light returned, but we took this to be a warning of the approaching flames ratherthan daylight.I could boast that not a groan or cry of fear 29escaped me in these perils, 30had I not derived some poor consolation in my mortal lot from the belief that the whole world was dying with me and I with it.We returned to Misenum where we 31attended to our physical needs as best we could, and then spent an anxious night alternating between hope and fear.II. Rewrite the followingFor each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as close in meaning as possible to the original sentence by using the given words as the beginning.1. We were followed by a panic-stricken mob of people wanting to act on someone else’s decision in preference to their own, who hurried us on our way by pressing hard behind in a dense crowd.Panic-stricken, the mob of people close behind us ___________ _ 2. We replied that we would not think of considering our own safety as long as we were uncertain of his.Unless we were ___________________________________3. There were people, too, who added to the real perils by inventing fictitious dangers: some reported that part of Misenum had collapsed or another part was on fire, and though their tales were false they found others to believe them.By reporting that part of Misenum had collapsed or another part was on fire, _______ 4. I could boast that not a groan or cryof fear escaped me in these perils, had I not derived some poor consolation in my mortal lot from the belief that the whole world was dying with me and I with it.Because I derived some poor consolation_____________________5. Several hysterical individuals made their own and other people’s calamities seem ludicrous in comparison with their frightful predictions.Compared with several individuals’ frightful predictions, the calamities____________III. Translate the following into English1. 还未等我们坐下来喘息，夜幕已经降临，这⿊暗使你觉得不是在⽆⽉⾊或多云的夜晚，⽽像是在灯⽕熄灭的紧闭的房间⾥。

《高级英语2》课程教学大纲课程代码：070131027课程英文名称：Advanced English 2课程总学时：64 讲课：64 实验：0 上机：0适用专业：英语大纲编写（修订）时间：2010.7一、大纲使用说明（一）课程的地位及教学目标高级英语2是英语专业本科教学中的一门主干必修课，是低年级基础英语课程的延伸和发展。

与其它高年级英语课程相比，高级英语2课程课时多，涵盖面最广。

因此该课程是保证实现教学目标的重要环节。

通过本课程的学习，学生将达到以下要求：1. 提高学生阅读理解和词汇运用能力，即能掌握和使用所学词汇，特别是同义词、近义词的区分和使用。

2. 正确理解文章的内容和主题思想，抓住文章的要点，分析文章的结构、语言技巧和修辞特点。

3. 提高学生语言表达能力，逻辑思维和判断评述能力，能用英语解释文章中的难句、要点；能用英语归纳文章的主题思想，并能对文章的内容进行简单的分析、鉴赏及评论。

4. 学生能用辞典和其他工具书独立解决语言和文化、背景知识方面的难点，增加文化知识，尤其是英语语言国家的背景知识和文化知识，更好地使语言和文化结合起来。

5. 了解本专业的发展趋势。

（二）知识、能力及技能方面的基本要求1. 基本知识：有相关的英美文化背景知识、语法知识、词汇量在5000-10000之间、遣词造句无重大语法错误。

2. 基本理论和方法：能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的文章；能欣赏有一定难度的文学作品和历史传记3. 基本技能：语篇分析能力；修辞手段；语言的综合运用：读，写，译。

（三）实施说明根据教学计划，高级英语2安排在第六学期进行。

总学时64。

1．教学方法：课堂讲授中采用启发式教学，培养学生思考问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力；增加讨论课，调动学生学习的主观能动性；注意培养学生自主学习的能力；讲练结合并注重培养学生的创新能力。

2．教学手段：本课程属于高年级专业基础课，在教学中采用多媒体教学及传统授课方法相结合的方式，确保学生基本功扎实，同时具有较强的英语语言运用能力。

张汉熙《高级英语（2）》（修订本）学习指南-unit2【圣才出品】Unit 2一、词汇短语1. corpse n. a dead body of a human being尸体2. thread v. to pass through by twisting, turning or weaving in and out穿过，通过：The child threaded the beads.这孩子用线把珠子串起来。

3. pomegranate[n. shrub or small tree native tosouthwestern Asia having large red many-seeded fruit石榴，石榴树4. chant n. a short, simple liturgical song in which a string of syllablesor words is sung to each tune（礼拜式唱的）单调的歌5. bier n. a stand to support a corpse or a coffin prior to burial 棺材架，尸体架6. hack vt. to break up the surface of （soil）开辟，开垦7. oblong adj. deviating from a square, circular, or spherical form bybeing elongated in one direction长方形的8. lumpy adj. full of lumps; covered with lumps多块状物的，凹凸不平的：He could feel the thin, lumpy mattress. 他能感觉到那张薄薄的、凹凸不平的床垫。

9. hummocky adj. full of or looking like low, rounded hills圆丘般的，多圆丘的10. derelict adj. deserted by an owner or keeper; abandoned被遗弃的，无主的：a derelict ship被弃的船11. lot n. a piece of land used for a given purpose一块地：a parking lot停车场12. undifferentiated adj. without clearqualities or distinctive characteristics无差别的，没有显著特点的13. mound n. a pile of earth, gravel, sand, rocks, or debris heaped forprotection or concealment土堆，坟：The explorers climbed a mound tosurvey the land around them.勘探者爬上土丘去勘测周围的土地。

《高级英语2》教学大纲第一课酒吧与国王英语1. 教学目标（1）了解西方酒吧文化；熟悉澳大利亚的历史和文化；了解英语语言简史；（2）了解语言和社会的关系；了解课文中所涉及到的历史人物和事件；（3）领会作者的立场、观点；（4）掌握课文结构，论证方法。

2. 教学内容（1）背景知识：西方酒吧文化；澳大利亚的历史；语言与社会的关系；（2）论说文的写作方法、作者的观点和论说方式；文章结构特点；（3）隐喻的基本功能、结构和表达方式。

（4）难句的释义。

3. 教学方法分学习小组运用多媒体展示酒吧文化；教师讲解，课堂讨论语言的社会功能等。

第二课马拉喀什见闻1. 教学目标（1）了解法国殖民情况；了解摩洛哥、马拉喀什概况；犹太人的生活；（2）熟悉作者George Orwell的生平、作品、思想和政治立场；（3）领会本文作者的观点和论说方式。

2. 教学内容（1）英法殖民地概况；摩洛哥、马拉喀什概况；犹太人的生活；（2）George Orwell的生平、作品、思想和政治立场；（3）修辞手法；（4）难句的释义。

3. 教学方法小组运用多媒体展示英法殖民地概况；摩洛哥、马拉喀什概况；犹太人的生活；教师讲解，课堂讨论和答疑。

第三课肯尼迪就职演说1. 教学目标（1）了解肯尼迪时期的国际形势及美国社会；了解肯尼迪的生平；（2）了解美国总统就任的程序；（3）掌握肯尼迪演说的风格：措辞、句法和语篇结构；（4）了解课文中全部生词的意义。

2. 教学内容（1）时代背景；肯尼迪的生平和政治主张；（2）美国总统就职演说的风格和演说特点；（3）肯尼迪演说中运用的修辞手法；（4）难句的释义。

3. 教学方法演说的音频；电影《惊爆十三日》；课文讲解、讨论和答疑。

第四课爱情是谬误1. 教学目标（1）了解作者马克斯.舒尔曼，查尔斯.兰姆和托马斯.卡莱尔；（2）掌握常见的逻辑谬误；（3）领会故事的主题；故事中的人物性格；（4）熟悉作品的文体风格和幽默方式；（5）了解课文中全部生词的意义和典故。

Lesson 8 The Future of the English一、词汇短语1. cosmopolitan []adj. pertinent or common to thewhole world全世界的，国际的：a cosmopolitan city国际都市2. Fascist [] n. an advocate or adherent of fascism法西斯主义者3. rally [] n. a large public meeting, especially one that is held outdoors tosupport a political idea, protest etc集合，集会：a political rally一次政治集会4. scuffle [] n. a short fight that is not very violent扭打，混战：Scufflebroke out among the players during the football match.足球赛中运动员们扭打起来。

5. fanatical [] adj. possessed with or motivated by excessive,irrational zeal狂热的，过分热衷的：He is a fanatical hunter.他是个着了迷的猎手。

6. snarl [] vi. to speak angrily or threateningly怒吼，咆哮：“Shut up,” hesnarled.“住嘴！”他大叫道。

7. shop steward []n. a person chosen by his fellow tradeunionist in an industrial establishment to speak for them to themanagement and to watch over their interest工厂的个人代表8. accelerate [] v. a）to cause to develop or progress morequickly促进，增加（数量）：He decided to accelerate his advertising.他决定增加广告的数量。