2012年logo语言竞赛试卷

2012年全国大学生英语竞赛2012 National English Contest for College StudentsC类决赛赛卷(Level C-Final)Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)1.What does the women think about the job application?A.She is not quite confident about it.B.She has got better qualifications.C.She might be lucky to succeed.2. Why does the woman support immigration?A. She thinks it is right to share resources.B. She thinks immigration brings job opportunities.C. She thinks they’ve got enough immigrants.3. How does the woman thinks about retirement?A. It’s most people’s desire.B. People don’t need to retire early.C. It shouldn’t be seen as an illness.4. Why do students join in the activity of 40-hour Famine?A. To raise money for buying food and water for poor students.B. To promote awareness of cherishing what one has got now?C. To draw attention to poor people suffering from famine.5. What does the woman most probably do?A. She is a director.B. She is an actress.C. She is a student.Section B (10 marks)Conversation one6. How many pre-constructed sections are made on land?A. 54,000B. 45,000C. 50,0007. What’s the main difference between maglev trains and conventional trains?A. Maglev trains travel on rails.B. Maglev trains don’t have wheels.C. Maglev trains travel at 300km/h.8. What was the idea of maglev trees firstly invented?A. In GermanyB. In the USA.C. In the U.K.9. Why are maglev trees free of noise?A. They don’t use rails.B. They run under water.C. They travel at high speed.10. What might cause damage to an underwater maglev trains?A. Ships at sea.B. A train from the opposite direction.C. The powerful ocean.Conversation two11. Which organization does the guest work for?A. Engineers without Borders.B. Doctors without Borders.C. Care Canada.12. When did George and Parker start to have the inspiration?A. After they dropped out of school.B. After they started their wok.C. After they graduated from college.13. What’s t he initial idea for setting up such an organization?A. To purify water in developing countries.B. To improve people’s life with the help of thchnology.C. To help people in poor nations get medical care.14. What would they do with next-state projects?A. To implement some of the technologies.B. To engage more engineers.C. To conduct more experiments.15. Who provide them with the seed funding to keep the project going?A. The government.B. Suncor Energy Foundation and Ontario Power Generation.C. Individuals in community.Section C (5 marks)16.How long did the first Thanksgiving Day last?A. Three weeks.B. Two weeks.C. Three days.17. What’s the purpose of America Jobs Act calling for cutting wage taxes?A. To prevent public employees from losing their jobs.B. To call for less spending on roads and infrastructure.C. To encourage more people to look for jobs.18. Why does the problem of debts affect a lot more nations than just the ones that are struggling with money.A. The nations use the same currency.B. The nations have joint business corporations.C. Those nations’ economies are independent.19. How much money can each child beggar earn a day for their minders?A. Dozens of dollars.B. Hundreds of dollars.C. A dozen or so dollars.20. Why did Spain’s top footballers hold a strike?A. Leading players got killed in a row.B. Two important games were postponed.C. There was a pay dispute.Section C (10 marks)Millions of television sets and old computer monitors taken to civic amenity site as rubbish are being collected and shipped to Africa and Asia, an illegal trade worth £7,000,000 a year, according to unpublished report by the Environment Agency and the (21)_______. The business carried out by totters – people who sift through rubbish for saleable objects – become illegal on the 1st of January 2002 under European Union legislation (22)_______ prevent toxic waste material being shipped to developing countries.Electronic equipment (23) _______ leaded glasses, particular computers and televisions, were reclassified as toxic waste. The agency is alarmed half a million televisions and a similar number of computer monitors which people thought were being (24) _______ in England are being re-used or dumped in the developing world.The agency is finding the trading hard to control but is planning to publish guidance to the industry soon. Environment groups point out this action will not be (25) _______ to stop an illegal business.Claire Wilton of Friends if the Earth said, ―The agency has known about this situation for two years but has still (26) ______ act.‖ The companies involved in this illegal trade must be prevent from dumping Britain’s toxic waste on developing countries. Action must be taken now to stop the environmental (27) _______ continuing.The Industry Council for Electronic Recycling estimate that 11,000 tons 0f old TV sets, about 500,000 (28) _______ , and a similar number of old computer monitors find their way to developing counties each year. Many are cannibalized for spare parts but some are repaired and sold to people who would not (29) _______ have a television or computer.The Industry Council for Electronic Recycling defends its members who buy computers and other office equipment from industry and ship them abroad, because under EU rues the business is illegal if they are working models and intended to be sold on the second-hand market .The problem arise when equipment is thrown away. The law says if it is (30) _______ , even if it may be working , it must be classed as rubbish and cannot be resold to a developing country because it is technically toxic waste.Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)31. The president’s education speeches contained _______ the tongue leading to a public confusion over education policy.A. a slide ofB. a slip ofC. a skip ofD. a glide of32. The word ―right ‖, in most language, is usually connected _______ the meaning of ―correct‖, whereas the words associate _______ ―left‖, generally have negative meanings.A. to; withB. with; toC. to; toD. with; with33. Gas price rose 4％in April, a _______ rise but the smallest since January.A. MightB. SevereC. SteepD. massive34. It seems a very simple thing to tell the truth, but beyond all questions, there is nothing _______ lying.A. half so easy asB. so half easy asC. half easy asD. so easy as half35. _______ until recently, people who are left handed have been considered abnormal.A. UpB. UnlessC. DownD. Not36. Sorry about the loss. But it will give you some relief if your house is _______ against fire.A. AssuredB. EnsuredC. InsuredD. pledged37. When _______ in a downpour without an umbrella or a raincoat, most people would pick up their pace.A. SunkB. CaughtC. PlungedD. grabbed38. In 1993, V.S.Naipoul was awarded the David Cohen British L iterature Prize in _______ of his lifetime’s achievement.A. IdentificationB. AcquaintanceC. RecognitionD. perspective39. Many linguists _______ that our highly evolved brain provided us with innate languageAbility not found in lower organism.A.SuggestB.ClaimC.PromiseD.convince40. I’m in a slightly _______ position in that he is not arriving until 12:00which is 3 hours late.A. TightB. WeirdC. AwesomeD. awkward41. Tactless she may be, but ungrateful _______ think her.A. should not youB. should you notC. not should youD. you should not42. More than 30 people died in the train accident, most of _______are children.A. WhichB. themC. WhomD. that43. He admits that his team really _______ him to play a role of responsibility.A. look forward toB. look down onC. look up toD. look on44. —Do you know the students have been protesting against the increased tuiton?—I’ve heart about the protest, but _______A.I’ve joined in it to support the students.B.I don’t see any good it will do.C.I do know the reason for it.D.I think it’ll be a great success.45.—I hear you are a journalist now, Paul. That must be exciting.—_______ most of the time. But like all jobs, it has its disadvantages.A.It’s boringB.It’s a p iece of cakeC.It has drawbacksD.It’s a buzzPart Ⅲ Cloze (10 marks)There is a phenomenon that sociologists call reference anxiety —or，more popularly, keeping up with the (46) Jo_______. According to that thinking, most people judge their possessions in c omparison with others’. People tend not to ask themselves, ―Does my house meet my needs?‖ (47) Ins_______ they ask, ―Is my house nicer than my neighbor’s?‖ If your two-bedroom house is surrounded by three and four-bedroom house, with some (48) ar_______ the corner doing a tear-down to build a McMansion, your reference anxiety may rise. Suddenly that two-bedroom house-one that your grandparents might have considered quite nice, even luxurious –doesn’t seem enough. And so the money you spend on it stops (49) _______ (provide) you with a sense of wellbeing.Americans’ soaring reference anxiety is a product of the widening gap in income (50) _______ (distribute). In other words, the rich are getting richer faster, and the rest of the population are none too happy about it. During much of the U.S. history, the (51) _______ (major) lived in small towns or urban areas where conditions for most people were approximately the same-hence, low level anxiety. Also, most people knew relatively little about those who were living higher on the hog.But in the past few (53)de______ , new economy forces have changed all that. Rapid growth in income for the top 5 percent of households has brought (54) _______ a substantial cohort of people who live notably better than the middle class does, amplifying our reference anxiety. That wealthier minority is occupying ever-larger homes and spending more on each change of clothes when the middle is doing O.K. In nations with high levels of income equality like the Scandinavian countries, well-being tends to be higher than in nations with unequal wealth distribution such as the United States.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Section A (10 marks)Question 56—60 are based on the following passage.Several research groups in the United States are conducting genetic research aimed at retarding aging. If the breakthroughs of recent years are anything to go by, it’s likely that we will see several-fold longevity increases in mice within the next decade or so. Already such genetic manipulation has increased by almost 50％the life span of flies. Results are also promising in mammals; scientist have extended longevity in mice by 50％through genetic interventions. Achieving similar results in humans will be harder. Scientists have already identified genes that appear to accelerate human aging, but thy have yet to find genes with opposite effect. But with the sequencing of the human genome, we are now in a better position to find out more about aging in humans as well as animals.For those who cannot wait there is one method available today than might delay human aging: caloric restriction. This simply means a diet with few calories. Experiments have shown longevity increases of more than 50％in certain mammals that follow such diets. Most people, however , feel the secondary effects of this outweigh the benefits. After all, what is the point of living longer if you cannot enjoy life? If science is to extend human longevity, it will have to do so by extending the duration of human life in age —related disability. The extra years of life must allow future grandparents to enjoy life, not just life.Although some scientist argues that aging will never be cured and our grandparents will continue to fit our stereotypes, many others remain confident that we will soon learn how to modulate the human aging process. ―I believe our generation is the first to be able to map a possible r oute to individual immortality,‖ says William Haseltine, CEO of Human Genome Sciences Inc. in Rockville, Maryland. If a therapy could slow human aging by 50％，for instance, we could have 30 or 40 more year of life. I n that time, new discoveries could be made that would allow us to live even longer, and the cycle could continue until a cure for aging is discovered. ―It’s possible that some people alive now may still be alive 400 years from now,‖ claims gerontologist S. Michal Jazwinski of Louisiana State of University Health Sciences Center. But what could be consequences of extending human longevity or finding a real cure for aging?Question 56—60Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank.Section B (10 marks)Question 61—65 are based on the following passageNo matter how carefully you plan a trip with a friend, or family member, there will probably be conflicts along the way. Even after the dates, destination and length of the trip are decided, there’s still the chance that problems could happen on the trip.Here are a few tips to help you solve the problems that may come up between you and your travel company:Plan the trip together: Sometimes one person take the leads and plan the trip to fit his or her interests. Planning together allow for a more diverse an balanced vacation. Some people want to walk; some people would rather use public transportation. So it’s important to find out how compatible you are in term of everything concerned.Find out about lifestyle: Differences in lifestyle can be challenging if they haven’t been discussed in advance. There’s nothing worse than being in the room and awake at 6:00 a.m. When your companion wants to sleep until noon. Sleep patterns can be very disruptive to people that don’t have the same pattern. The same can be said for dietary and other restrictions. Knowing those differences in advance helps people adapt to each other more quickly.Be aware of coping strategies: Ask questions and use your understanding of your companion’s coping strategies—how they may respond to stressful situations. You can ask your travel company about his/her best and worst trips. What happened? How did that person respond? Knowing a little about how your companion deals with difficult situation can be helpful.Compromise: Try to compromise in order to have a good time. Agree to disagree. Do you really want to use your energy feeling anger on your vacation when you should be relaxing and enjoying it? But travel journals for yourself and your travel partners. Writing in journals can be a way to reflect on the trip to relieve some of the frustration that may come up.Take a break: Split up when tensions are high and your interests are different. Be sure to set a time and meeting place and have a backup meeting set in case of an unforeseen delay. People tend to feel like they have to stick together when they are together on a trip. But anybody with someone 24 hours a day needs a break from the other person.Question 61—63Decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage.61. This passage aims to help travelers solve problems between them and their travel partners.62. Lifestyle differences can cause travel problems because all people enjoy sleeping till noon when on vacation.63. Even though your travel interests are different, you must always stay together with your travel partners.Question 64—65Answer the following questions according to the passage.64.Why do people have to ask their travel companion about his/her best and worst trips.65. Which way might help relieve the frustration that may come up?Section C (10 marks)Question 66—70 are based on the following passage.Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was afflicted with a heart disease, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.She did not hear the story as many woman have heart the same, with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance. She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sister’s arms. When the storm of grief had passed she went away to her room alone. She refused to have anyone to follow her.There stood, facing the open windows, a comfortable, roomy armchair. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that filled her body and seemed to reach into her soul.She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, expect when a sob come up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines indicated repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off in the distance on a patch of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of a intelligent thought.There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the wounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.Now her bosom rose and fell with excitement. She was beginning to realize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was struggling to beat it back with her will, as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been..When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her sighted parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath, ―free, free, free! ‖ The empty stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed sharp and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.She did not stop to ask if it were or were not a monstrous joy that held her. A clear and exalted perception enabled her to dismiss the suggestion as of little importance.She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face that had never looked except with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.Question 66—68Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 2 words for each blank.66. Most women were shocked into a ______ on hearing the news of their husbands’ death, but Mrs. Mallard was not.67. When returning to her room, Mrs. Mallard was pressed down by _______ both physically and mentally.68. Mrs. Mallard’s dull stare indicated a _______ of deep thinking rather than a sign of contemplation.Question 69—70Choose the best answer according to the passage.69. What was Mrs. Mallard’s first reaction on hearing her husband’s death?A. She pulled herself together with the help of her sister.B. She stayed in her room and refused to meet anyone.C. She abandoned herself into grief for a while.D. She couldn’t stop weeping and crying.70. How did Mrs. Mallard feel toward s her husband’s death at the end.A. Bitter but relieved.B. Fearful but relaxed.C. Dull and desperate.D. Calm and suspicious.Section D (10 marks)Question 71—75 are based on the following passageNo creature can stride as human beings. They are not physically designed to support and balance a vertical body balanced on two long lower limbs, propelled forward by a foot engineered exclusively for body support and forward propulsion and to do so with a stride at high-speed locomotion. While other bipeds walk in a similar fashion, human walk is unique. Bipedalism itself offers no comparison with the distinctive human gait form. And, significantly, no other biped can actually cover more than a tiny fraction of the walking distance that can be sustained by humans.Striding requires a special design of hip, knee, an ankle joints, plus an arched foot, plus long lower-limb bones. Those ―finishing touches‖ demanded extended evolutionary time. Striding provided numerous advantages over the simple stepping gait. For example, the ability to cover twice the distance with the same number of steps is a definite survival advantage. It also added much speed to running, more height to jumping.None of this would have been possible without, first, a foot equipped to support and balance an erect body and to produce the leverage necessary to propel the body forward in locomotion. The ape foot was not suited for this. A new kind of foot was essential if those hominids were to become full-scale bipeds. Indeed a pair of human feet has one-fourth of all the body’s 206 bones and 244 joints. Why this extraordinary number of bones and joints concentrated in such a small part of the body? (74)Because the intricate network of the many different parts required not only for supporting and balancing a heavy superstructure but to enable the multiple motions and actions, hundreds or thousands of times daily. No other part of the body comes even close to the amount and degree of stresses imposed on it.The human foot had to go through an extensive evolutionary development in which it underwent enormous design changes in cohering its 28 bones, 37 joints and 107 ligaments, and 32 muscles and tendons to adapt to the body weight and numerous torsions. (75) In fact, it probably wasn’t unti l only about 400,000 years ago that early humans were fully striding, the final touch of human gait. Orthopedist Philip J. Mayer writes in the Orthopedist Review: ―The development of a true stride on an orthopedic foot was the most crucial of all the steps of human evolutions.‖ Nature had perhaps never undertaken an anatomical engineering project of such complexity.Question 71—73Answer the following questions according to the passage.71. What’s the differences between humans and other bipeds regarding wa lking distance?72. Why is the human foot equipped the way it is?73.What kind of evolution has the human foot undergone?Question 74—75Translate the underlined sentences in the passage into Chinese.(74) Because the intricate network of the many different parts required not only for supporting and balancing a heavy superstructure but to enable the multiple motions and actions, hundreds or thousands of times daily.(75) In fact, it probably wasn’t until only about 400,000 years ago that early humans were f ully striding, the final touch of human gait.Part ⅤTranslation (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in thebrackets. Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.76. 有人建议，中国所有的博物馆都应对中小学生免费开放，使他们有更多机会获得广博的知识。

一、画图形。

（20分）图一图二1、（10分）写出画图一的命令答案：repeat 8[fd 50 rt 360*3/8 fd 50 lt 360*3/8-360/8]2、（10分）写出画图二的命令答案：repeat 8[repeat 3[fd 50 rt 120]rt 360/8]考查知识：重复命令的掌握。

考察技能：使用重复命令画出重复的规则图形。

评分标准：没有使用重复命令画图形的扣5分，只有使用难搞重复命令画出全部图形的才给10分。

二、（15分）编写一个带三个变量的过程dbx :n :k :bc，使过程能画出一个由n个边长为bc的正k变形旋转而成的图形。

例如，调用一下过程能画出相对应的图形：Dbx 6 6 50Dbx 5 5 50Dbx 10 4 50答案：to dbx :n :k :bcrepeat :n[repeat :k[fd :bc rt 360/:k]rt 360/:n]end考查知识：带变量的过程的使用考察技能：能灵活运用带变量的过程画出不同的图形三、（15分）编写一个计算一位小数加减乘除的人机交互过程main，当过程运行时，屏幕上会出现一道一位小数的计算题，在你输入这道题的答案后，屏幕会提示你这道题目你是做对了还是做错了。

参考答案：TO JFMAKE "A (RANDOM 100) * 0.1MAKE "B (RANDOM 100) * 0.1(PR :A [+] :B [的和是多少?])MAKE "C READIF :C = :A + :B THEN PR [你答对了！] STOPPR [你答错了！] STOPENDTO JIFMAKE "A (RANDOM 100) * 0.1MAKE "B (RANDOM 100) * 0.1IF :A < :B THEN MAKE "D :A MAKE "A :B MAKE "B :D(PR :A [-] :B [的差是多少?])MAKE "C READIF :C = :A - :B THEN PR [你答对了！] STOPPR [你答错了！] STOPENDTO CFMAKE "A (RANDOM 100) * 0.1MAKE "B (RANDOM 100) * 0.1(PR :A [×] :B [的积是多少?])MAKE "C READIF :C = :A * :B THEN PR [你答对了！] STOPPR [你答错了！] STOPENDTO CHFMAKE "A (RANDOM 100) * 0.1MAKE "B (RANDOM 100) * 0.1MAKE "C :A * :B(PR :C [÷] :B [的商是多少?])MAKE "A READIF :C = :A * :B THEN PR [你答对了！] STOPPR [你答错了！] STOPENDTO MAINMAKE "K RANDOM 4IF :K = 1 THEN JFIF :K = 2 THEN JIFIF :K = 3 THEN CFIF :K = 4 THEN CHFMAINEND考查知识：随机数的灵活使用，尾递归的使用考察技能：能灵活运用随机数产生随机小数，能进行数理分析。

UNIT 51. Michael put the cigarette to his lips and _____ in the smoke.A).puffed B).sucked C).terrified D).spit【参考答案】：B2. The students often _______themselves with socializing network like Renren or Facebook.A).amuse B).arouse C).accuse D).acronym√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.03. Could you _______ a nail into the wall to hang this picture up?A).buy B).purchase C).hammer D).borrow√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.04. My heart was ________ as I walked out onto the stage.A).pounding B).bleeding C).breaking D).fasting√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.05. I have no _______ for people who say they can't find work but are really just too lazy to look.A).amusement B).sympathy C).telepathy D).audience√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.06. A __________ is not just a part of a telephone but also the part ofa radio or television that receives signals from the air.A).sign language B).symbol C).receiver D).receptionist√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.07. She ______ herself when she slipped on an icy step.A).hurt B).hang C).hugged D).laughed√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.08. When Zhou Libo performed in Mr. Zhou Live Show, there were a lot of well-educated people in the _________.A).show B).audience C).performance D).stage×【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：0.09. The wounded soldier ________ profusely and fainted eventually.A).bled B).pounded C).broke D).knelt√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.010.The doctor suggested that the patient have a long, hot bath to _______ her aching muscles.A).sympathize B).hurt C).suck D).soothe√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.011.All her classmates tried to ________ her but she just kept crying.A).hit B).ridicule C).console D).hurt√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.012.Today, the world is really changing fast, so even a hot major or specialty may _______being a dead end.A).get up B).take up C).end up D).look up√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.013.The second-generation rich people may have _____of money in the pocket, but nothing in their minds or hearts.A).heaps B).estimates C).ease D).motivate【参考答案】：A14.Some rich people’s “secondary lovers” are more like the birds in the canary ________.A).fantasy B).cages C).expectation D).tool box√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.015.In a ______, a dead person may remain alive in people’s hearts, while someone who is living could be like a walking body.A).extent B).degree C).secrecy D).sense√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.016.Don't worry, at OUC, eventually you'll pass all the examinations and graduate___________.A).somehow B).somewhere C).in no way D).in a sense√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.017.Paul was ___________ to Sally for all her patience, understanding and kindness.A).thanking B).grateful C).hinting D).helpful√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.018.Now that you are adults, you should be able to _______ how much your parents have done for you.A).grateful B).thankful C).appreciate D).apprentice√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.019.We can’t believe it; John's made a _________ recovery from his illness.A).disease B).uncomfortable C).dishonest D).miraculous√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.020.It has been said, 'time _______ all wounds.' Some people do not agree though.A).heals B).cures C).recovers D).covers【参考答案】：A21.You don't know what it ________ to your parents to get regular calls or letters from you.A).calls B).phones C).means D).plans√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.022.A telesales person called, so I said something rude and _____ up on them.A).hung B).rang C).called D).wounded【参考答案】：A23.The terrorists chose September 11, 2001 to attack the US because in North America, people______911 when they need help from the police, fire department or doctors.A).treat B).dial C).cover D).uncover√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.024.I really love the Lay’s barbecue-flavored potato ______, though I know they are considered junk food.A).chips B).sweets C).candy D).cocktail√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.025.I don’t know about you, but I have to say Paul’s story is really _________. I love the personal feelings of living in a small town full of nice and caring people.A).vulgar B).disappointing C).touching D).withholding√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.026.Color and sex are not relevant ______ whether a person is suitable for the job.A). on B). for C). to D). with√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.027.The board of the company has decided to ______ its operations to include all aspects of the clothing business.A). multiply B). stretch C). lengthen D). expand√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.028.The boxer ______ and almost fell when his opponent hit him.A).staggered B). shattered C). scattered D). stamped【参考答案】：A29.The statistical figures in that report are not ______.You should not refer to them.A). accurate B). fixed C). delicate D). rigid√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.030. If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to ______ the skills they need to succeed.A). accumulate B). acquire C). adopt D). assemble√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.031. Mary once ______ with another musician to compose a piece of pop music.A). merged B). collaborated C). coincided D). constituted√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.032.They took ______ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A).fruitful B). beneficial C). valid D). effective√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.033. The Japanese scientists have found that scents ______ efficiency and reduce stress among office workers.A). enhance B). amplify C). foster D). magnify√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.034. It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and ______ knowledge.A).extensive B). expansive C). intensive D). expensive√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.035. The English language contains a(n) ______ of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.A). altitude B). latitude C). multitude D). attitude√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.036. This is the ______ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.A）. true B). original C) real D). genuine√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.037. The ______ goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching, particularly between researchers and teachers.A). overall B). intensive C). joint D). concise√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.038. Our teacher will ______ the result of this examination.A). anticipate B). assess C) analyze D). amplify√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.039. Have you made out your ______ for a passport?A). appointment B). application C). apposition D). appreciation√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.040. Copper ______ electricity.A). cracks B). equips C). strikes D). conducts√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.041. Although he was a strong swimmer, he was swept away by the ______ and drowned.A). current B). motion C). pressure D). air【参考答案】：A42. This train will ______ me to get there in time.A). permit B). tolerate C). enable D). allow√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.043. Imagine ______ at the top of the hill, and what wonderful view you must see.A) . standing B). stand C). to stand D). stood√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.044. He made ______ to your remarks at the last meeting.A). trouble B). reference C). progress D). money√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.045. Can you ______ your accusation against the murderer?A). astonish B). substitute C). submit D). substantiate【参考答案】：D46. He was ______ a heated argument.A). in touch with B). involved in C). in conclusion D). involved to√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.047. ______, your education will prove to be a good investment.A).Or so B). By now C).In the long run D). With reference√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.048. He ______ his papers to find the lost letter.A). look for B). searched for C).sought for D). sifted through√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.049. He is a teacher ______ a scholar.A). other than B). much than C). rather than D). quite than【参考答案】：C50. With the ______ of the new chairman, the company began to prosper.A). advent B). adventure C). advance D). advertise【参考答案】：AUNIT41.The bank is said to have been robbed in broad daylight. Thepolice are now ____ the case.A)assigning B) adjusting C) investigating D) hesitating√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.02.Whatever the condition is, my camera can be ____ to takepictures.A) accepted B) adjusted C) received D) remedied√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.03.____ we have finished the course, we shall start doing morerevision work.A) For now B) Now that C) Ever since D) By now【参考答案】：B4.We are anxiously waiting for the ____ of their discussion.A) income B) outcome C) input D) output√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.05.The professor is ____ the task of writing a comprehensiveEnglish dictionary.A) underestimating B) undergoing C)underlying D) undertaking√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.06. A small car is more ____ than a large one, because it usesless petrol.A) economic B) economy C) economical D) economics【参考答案】：C7. The hardest work was ____ to the strong laborers.A) assigned B) designed C) appointed D) resigned√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.08. He said he was a doctor; but later he ____ to be a cheat.A) turned into B) turned out C) turned off D) turned away√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.09. Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any trouble ____ histape recorder?A) to fix B) fixing C) for fixing D) fix【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.010. His casual clothes were not _____ for such a formal occasion.A) creative B) decisive C) appropriate D) precise√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.011. She now has_____ over the people she used to take orders from.A) inquiry B) orientation C) accommodations D) authority【参考答案】：D12. This boy was_____ for what he had done in class.A) scolded B) overcome C) covered D) carved√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.013. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice_____ his head.A) that he turned B) did he turnC) he didn’t turn D) he had turned【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.014. The working conditions were poor. _____, the work flow wasirregular.A) However B) Nevertheless C) Although D) In addition√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.015. He was not _____ to the club because he wasn’t a member.A) allowed B) admitted C) permitted D) approved【参考答案】：B16. By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles, we can_____the surroundingsA) explore B) expose C) immerse D) participate√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.017. He said he would _____me to Mr. Li, but actually he didn’t.A) comment B) suggest C) command D) recommend√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.018. In order to _____ the rising production costs, thesubscription rates have been increased.A) add up to B) look up to C) cut short D) keep up with【参考答案】：D19. ____ conventional black ink costs newspaper about thirtycents a pound, most rub-resistant inks add at least ten cents more to the bill.A) While B) Furthermore C) Meanwhile D) Moreover√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.020. Jack’s university education gave him ___ over boys who hadnot been to college.A) a benefit B) a profit C) a view D) an advantage√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.021. Some people don’t think that online articles are reliable___ of information.A) source B) resource C) origin D) beginning√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.022. He is a friendly person, who ___ well with everyone at the office.A) gets along B) gets off C) gets through D) gets round√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.023. Tony has not the least ___ of giving up his research work.A) intention B) interest C) wish D) desire【参考答案】：A24. ___he lied to me, he will never persuade me of his sincerityor truthfulness.A) While B) For C) Though D) Since【参考答案】：D25. The room was so noisy that it was several hours ____ I gotto sleep again.A) since B) after C) unless D) before【参考答案】：D26.When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected allthe parts to find what was at ____.A)wrong B) trouble C) fault D) difficulty【参考答案】：C27. The ____ TOFEL score for entering this program is 600.A) less B) sandy C) stain D) minimum√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.028. He ____ of me the best way to go.A)investigated B) inquired C) frightened D) resorted√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.029.Her smile ____ her secret even though she didn’t admit thefact.A)reviewed B) reversed C) responded D) revealed√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.030.Nobody in the class can ____ him of his mistake.A) believe B) admit C)thirst D) convince√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.031.They spent many years ____ for oil in this small island.A) exploring B) exploding C) exposing D) exploiting【参考答案】：A32.If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to ____ theskills they need to succeed.A) require B) inquire C) acquire D) enquire√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.033. How can you ____ and watch the country go to ruin?A) stand by B) stand for C) stand up D) stand up for√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.034. In the wife’s eyes, his ____ to their marriage life is far from perfect.A) requirement B) commitment C) participation D) reflection√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.035. It is advisable for us to ____ a more open policy.A) adapt B) adjust C) agree D) adopt√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.036. According to the instructions we received, we cannot acceptphotocopies, but need the ____.A) source B) resources C) origin D) original【参考答案】：C37. According to the weather forecast, which is usually ____,it will rain this afternoon.A) exact B) precise C) perfect D) accurate【参考答案】：D38. The manager gave her his ____ that the complaint would beinvestigated.A) admission B) allowance C) assurance D) insurance√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.039. The Austrian musician who had been praised highly ____ tobe a great disappointment.A) turned on B) turned over C) turned out D) turned down√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.040. Industrialists and engineers are busy taking advantage ofthe mineral deposits ____, regardless of the fact that this ruthless exploitation is deleterious.A) desirable B) available C) acceptable D) adjustable√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.041. We all knew from the very ____ that the plan would fail.Now you see it has become true.A) outcome B) outset C) outfit D) outbreak【参考答案】：B42. Some people ____ in part the defeat of the revolution inFrance and Germany to the English diplomacy.A) contributed B) attributed C) assigned D) owed√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.043. Class methods ____ the feeling that students have littlecontrol over or responsibility for their own education because the agenda is the teacher’s.A) inspire B) promote C) orient D) impulse【参考答案】：B44. Witnesses to the same crime ____ the events completely differently.A) related B) retailed C) resumed D) restored【参考答案】：D45. When I came through the customs at the airport, I had topay ____ on a clock I had bought.A) taxes B) duty C) fines D) rates【参考答案】：B46. Jack ____ to the manager for the mistakes he had made.A) excused B) pardoned C) forgave D) apologized√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.047. This watch is ____ to all the other watches on the market.A) superior B) advantageous C) super D) beneficial√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.048. The gloves were really too small, and it was only by ____them that I managed to get them on.A) stretching B) spreading C) extending D) squeezing√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.049. As always, I had to fight the ____ to take what she willingly offered.A) fascination B) attraction C) attention D) temptation√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.050. Since the situation is changing, let’s take some ____measures to deal with it.A) available B) changeable C) flexible D) considerable【参考答案】：CUNIT61. Franklin’s ability to learn from observations and experience____greatly to his success in public life.A) owed B) contributed C) attached D) related√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.02. These goods are ___ for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market.A) essentially B) completelyC) necessarily D) remarkably√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.03. His nationality isn’t ___ to whether he’s good lawyer.A) attached B) relevantC) associated D) regarding√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.04. The speaker___ his angry words with forceful movement of the hands.A) accompanied B) associated C) connected D) assisted√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.05. The two countries are linked by ___ of friendship going back many years.A) knots B) joints C) connections D) bonds√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.06. I had quite a(n)___ on my way to work this morning.A) assumption B) adventure C) happening D) affair【参考答案】：B7. A new spaceship was ____ at Cape Kennedy yesterday.A) motivated B) released C) transmitted D) launched√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.08. We finally managed to ___ the committee’s approval ofour plans.A) secure B) arouse C) exert D) execute【参考答案】：A9. This beautiful desk has been owned by our family for a very long time and is probably now quite____.A) valuable B) dear C) expensive D) precious【参考答案】：A10. The young teacher is _____ in teaching English.A) keen B) competent C) good D) capable.【参考答案】：B11. Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages ________ them well.A) you can learn B) can you learnC) you learned D) did you learn√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.012. Not only________ English, but also he can speak Japanese.A) can he speak B) he can speakC) he speaks D) he does speak√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.013. So carelessly _______ that he almost killed himself.A) he drives B) he drove C) does D) did he drive√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.014. Little that she was seriously ill herself.A) Susan knew B) did Susan know C) knew Susan D) was Susan known√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.015 Such the results of the experiments.A) is B) was C) are D) as be【参考答案】：C16. I didn’t read the notice. .A) So did he B) Neither didn’t he C) Nor did heD) He didn’t ,too√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.017. , I would have phoned you.A) If I knew it B) Had I known it C) If I know it D) Did I know it√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.018. “They have done a good job.” “.”A) So they have done B) So they haveC) So have they D) So is it√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.019. Now your_ turn to recite the text.A) there is B) has come C) comes D) will come【参考答案】：C20. Hardly the railway station when the train started.A) did I reach B) had I reached C) I reached D) I had reached√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.021. She is especially on yoga.A) keen B) interested C) favor D) like【参考答案】：A22. New York the Olympics in 2012. Which of the following is NOT correct?A) staged B) held C) hosted D) called in【参考答案】：D23. They regarded the problem not worthy of serious consideration.A) to be B) like C) as D) for【参考答案】：C24. We human beings should live in with Nature.A) connection B) relation C) harmony D) cooperation√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.025. After a fierce competition with the rival team, the football players felt .A) at home B) at ease C) at relief D) at random√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.026. A oak claims its ground for 200 years or more, outcompeting all other would-be canopy trees by casting a dense shade and drawing up any free water in the soil.A) massive B) common C) rare D) minute√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.027. It was difficult to guess what her to the news would be.A) impression B) reaction C) comment D) opinion√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.028. There were some ____ flowers on the table.A) artificial B) unnatural C) false D) unreal√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.029. We are interested in the weather because it ____ us so directly —what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.A) benefits B) affects C) guides D) effects√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.030. Even though he has lived in China for many years, Mark still can not himself to the Chinese customs.A) accept B) adopt C) adjust D) adapt√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.031. Great Britain and France will hold a regarding some European economic problems.A) conversion B) cooperation C) conference D) reference√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.032. If you want to see the chairman of the department, you’d better make an with his secretary first.A) admission B) agreement C) appointment D) alphabet√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.033. There is too much noise outside. I can’t my attention on my work.A) concentrate B) connect C) communicate D) conclude√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.034. The production of engines in our factory has doubled this year.A) manual B) annual C) amount D) alike【参考答案】：B35. If people feel hopeless, they don’t bother to the skills they need to succeed.A) require B) inquire C) acquire D) enquire√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.036. Our research has focused on a drug which is so as to be able to change brain chemistry.A) flexible B) infinite C) vigorous D) powerful【参考答案】：D37. Among all the changes resulting from the ______ entry of women into the work force, the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.A) massive B) quantitative C) surplus D) formidable√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.038. Whether you live to eat or eat to live, food is a major ______ in every family's budget.A) nutrition B) expenditure C) routine D) provision√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.039. I think we need to see an investment ______ before we make an expensive mistake.A) guide B) entrepreneur C) consultant D) assessor√【参考答案】：C【学生得分】：2.040. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, _______the color of his skin.A)with the exception of B)in the light of C)by virtue of D)regardless of√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.041. Had he worked harder, he _______ the exams.A) must have got throughB) would have got throughC) would get throughD) could get through√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.042. Only under special circumstances _______ to take make-up tests.A) are freshmen permittedB) freshmen are permittedC) permitted are freshmenD) are permitted freshmen√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.043. The pressure _______ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.A) to compete B) competing C) to be competed D) having competed【参考答案】：A44. Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, _______ a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction.A) as for B) in view of C) in case of D) such as√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.045. _______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A) Other things being equalB) Were other things equalC) To be equal to other thingsD) Other things to be equal√【参考答案】：A【学生得分】：2.046. The mere fact _______ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.A) what B) which C) that D) why【参考答案】：C47. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ______late for his lecture.A) to have students B) for students' being C) for students to be D) to students' being√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.048. You should have been more patient ______ that customer；I'm sure that selling him the watch was a possibility.A) of B) with C) for D) at√【参考答案】：B【学生得分】：2.049. ______ he works hard, I don't mind when he finishes the experiment.A) As soon as B) As well as C) So far as D) So long as√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.050. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied ______.A) originally B) extremely C) violently D) intensively√【参考答案】：D【学生得分】：2.0。

2012National English Contestfor College Students(Level B-Preliminary)参考答案及评分标准Part I.Listening Comprehension（30points）1—5CABBA6—10ABCBA11—15CBABC16—20BBACC21.a few(some)small22.earn23.salary24.budget25.a house 26.essentials27.credit card28.the interest29.10%(ten percent)30.every yearPart II.Multiple Choice(15points)Section A(10points)31—35BCCAA36—40ACBDBSection B(5points)41—45CBADAPart III.Cloze(10points)46.fossil47.contribute48.farmers49.oceans50.systematically 51.recycle52.decomposes53.genetically54.public55.inhabitedPart IV.Reading Comprehension(40points)Section A(10points)56.D57.B58.refined sugars,artificial colors and chemicals59.a moderate exercise lasting less than30minutes60.an intravenous fluidSection B(10points)61.It can be considered rude to tip.62.Up to20%of the bill.63.About$3to$5per room per day.64.Because workers are expected to increase their wager with tips.65.It lists the generous and bad/(not so generous)celebrity tippers.Section C(10points)66.universes67.unapproachable68.enticed69.well-intentioned70.interests and needsSection D(10points)71.T72.T73.F1--74.这些矿物盐分在皮肤上形成的保护层可以杀死细菌，以阻止体味的自然产生。

2012 National English Contest for College Students ( level C—Sample )2012年全国大学生英语竞赛样卷C 类初赛其中包括阅读试题Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Omitted （听力省略）Part II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)31. We’ve decided to pull together and take______ the challenges of campaign.A. toB. upC. backD. out32. Many countries want to find profitable ways to run a postal service, and some have _____ figured them out.A. furthermoreB. likewiseC. thereforeD. indeed33. ______ I feel sympathy for them, I can’t really do very much to help them out of poverty.A. WhileB. AsC. As long asD. Even34. Studies have found out that as much as 85% of _____ annual radiation comes from natural resources.A . regular B. medium C. normal D. average35. Nobody is allowed to copy this design without_________.A. acceptanceB. commissionC. permissionD. Admission36. I suppose two months ______ enough for me to prepare the final report.A. areB. beingC. wasD. is37. Andrew felt ashamed when teachers caught______ cheating on the final exam.A. heB. himselfC. himD. his38. One place in travelling can always ______ you _____ some beautiful memories in your mind.A. recollect… toB. retrieve … fromC. remind … ofD. recall… of39. During the 2010 World Cup, one of those horns, named vuvuzela, is very _____ but nobody seems to mind.A. annoyingB. boringC. tedious D gloomy40. Only when both Houses of Congress agrees on the final wording of a bill_______.A. it can become lawB. can it become lawC. can become lawD. that it can become law41. Williams is unreliable since he always _____ his mistakes _____objective conditions.A. owes… toB. ascribes… toC. contributes… toD. refer… to42. Small and Medium Enterprises_________ provide lots of job opportunities as compared with large-scale ones.A. specialB. specificC. especiallyD. in particular43. ______ yesterday meant that we’d better take seriously the words of the President.A. What I saidB. As I said C That I said D When I said44. – I wonder if I could apply for a job here ?—________, complete the application form first, please.A. That’s incredibleB. I hope notC. That’s for sureD. So long45. --- Do you feel a little bit lonely working in another country without any family or friends?--- _____, I’ve been used to living by myself.A. Not really B Just a little C. By all means D. I agree with youPart III Cloze (10 marks)Humans love to laugh. It is claimed that we laugh about 17 times a day. Laughter is very often a tool of communication because it rarely takes ( 46 ) ________ when we are alone. It is much more frequent when we are with other people. We might laugh, of course, when we are alone, watching a funny TV program or reading something (47) _______ (amuse). But, we seem to laugh longer and much more loudly when we are with other people in social situation.Many scientists who study laughter believe that laughter helps the interaction among people. Laughing helps us to bond (48) other people. The more laughter in a group of people, the more bonding takes place.In (49) a _____, laughter is used in some cultures to help reduce anger. If someone is angry with you, you may laugh to show that you are sorry. If the other person then laughs with you, a very tense and complicated situation may be (50) ______ (easy) somewhat.In conversation, the speaker may use (51) _______ to hold a listener’s attention. When a listener does laugh, it encourages the speaker to continue talking. Some research has found that women laugh most in the presence of men they find attractive.Laughter is more than a tool of (52) _________. Laughing may be one of the best ways to keep humans (53) h_______ and safe. This is what many scientists who study laughter have discovered. There is a saying that laughter is the best medicine. Studies have also shown that laughter helps our bodies (54) f______ against stress and disease.If you are a person who doesn’t laugh very much, there are some things you can do to start laughing. The first thing is to think about what makes you laugh. (55) ________ it is, try to do it as often as possible. Another thing you can do is to try to be with funny people, people who laugh a lot.Part IV Reading comprehension (40 marks )Section A (10 marks)Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage.When the definitive history of Dubai comes to be written—as a modern state it is barely thirty years old—the Emirate will either be hailed as an amazing feat of engineering, or displayed as a warning of the dangers of uncontrolled construction.Dubai’s oil reserves are running out, forcing it to diversify aggressively into luxury tourism. B y 2015, it hopes that its world-famous resort and duty-free shopping facilities will attract forty million tourists a year. In addition, it is doing its best to attract foreign investors and residents. Dubai now has almost no taxes and when, in 2003, the Crown Prince declared that foreigners could buy freehold property in so-called ―free zones‖ in the Emirate, it was an invitation to the world to come and play in his luxurious sandpit ( 沙坑). This immediately started a massive boom in residential investment.Since then it has been impossible to keep up with Dubai. The skyscrapers go higher and higher.The Arabian Desert has become a modern city as homes, hotels, and financial and IT centers have sprung up.This meant that one of its other main resources- the pale sandy beaches with almost guaranteed sunshine- were also running out. Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed ordered Dubai’s largest state-owned construction company to come up with a solution. They did and they decided to build more beaches in the form of islands designed to look like palm trees so that they would have maximum water frontage. Every grain of sand is used for beach.From the air, it’s already an astonishing sight, the palm trees fallen flat on the sea, which on closer inspection turns out to be an intricate network of manmade islands. And beyond the palms there’s more- 300 artificial islets laid out like a map of the world. There’re France, Florida, Ohio, even a mini-Antarctica baking in the 80°F heat. When the entire project is complete, there are three ―palms‖ linked to the mainland by causeways, plus the ―World,‖ to multiply Dubai’s beachfront tenfold to more than 400 miles.Questions 56- 60Complete the summary with words from the passage , changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank.Dubai, as a young city, has to (56) ________ into luxury tourism because of its lack of oil reserves. While those duty-free shopping facilities draw millions of tourists, the freehold property generates a (57) _______ in housing investment. The Arabian Desert has turned to be a modern city with many buildings, such as hotels, financial centers, (58) _______ up. This results in shortage of beaches. However, the construction company comes up ( 59) _______ a solution that is building beaches in the form of palm trees. Three palm trees, together with the ―World‖, enlarge Dubai’s beachfront by (60) ______ times.Section B ( 10 marks)Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.For many students, learning how to learn is the iceberg. Fortunately, it can be chipped away at, or even melted. Professionals begin by getting students to acknowledge that being an undergraduate is a full-time job, requiring 35 or 45 hours every week including attendance in class and course-related work.When they hit the books, students should also consider where, how long, and with whom they will study. A Cornell student, Paul Kangas, discovered that trying to study ―while lying in bed was a good antidote for insomnia but not the best way to memorize a list of German vocabulary words.‖ But no matter how conducive to studying their accommodations may be, few undergraduates work more effectively at night than during the day.And even fewer can concentrate for more than ninety minutes without a break. This is why, as Michael Chen, an instructor in the center for Learning and Teaching at Cornell, puts it, ―Timebetween classes is prime time, not face time.‖ In the book, How to Study in College, the author advises undergraduates to carry pocket work so that they can read an article or memorize vocabulary for Spanish class while waiting at the doctor’s office or the airport. Even if this approach seems a bit compulsive, a specific goal works only if it lasts no more than half an hour.Although students often spend their study time alone, studying in groups can be extremely helpful. Group sessions work best if each student has already reviewed all the material required. It is also useful to divide up the work and ask each person to learn a part and to pretend they are tutors. Often students discover that the best way to master material is to be forced to explain it to someone else.Effective note-taking is essential. Try to recognize the ―architecture‖ of a lecture—the introduction and summary, inflection, emphasis and pauses, the use of ―therefore, ‖ the digression—and to figure out what is worth taking down. Successful students read over their notes nightly, identifying the theme and two or three crucial points.Learning how to learn is not easy. It requires will and discipline, what the nineteenth—century English biologist Thomas Henry Huxley called ―the ability to make yourself do the right thing you have to do, when it ought to be done, whet her you like it or not.‖Questions 61—63Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.61. When they study, students should think about the place, time and companion.62. According to the passage, more students work better at night than during the day.63. Group session work could involve each student learning a part and explaining it to others inthe group.Questions 64—65Answer the following questions briefly according to the passage,64. How many minutes can most students concentrate for without a break?65. What are the two parts of effective note-taking?Section C (10 marks)Questions 66-67 are based on the following passage.Nowadays, most people realize that it’s risky to use credit card numbers onl ine. However, from time to time, we all use passwords and government ID numbers on the Internet. We think we are safe, but that may not be true ! A new kind of card attack is being used by dishonest people to steal IDs and credit card numbers from innocent web surfers. This new kind of attack is called ―phishing.‖Phishing sounds the same as the word ―fishing‖ and it implies that a thief is trying to lure peopleinto giving away valuable information. Like real fishermen, phishers use bait in the form of great online deals or services. For example, phishers might use fake emails and fake websites to make people reveal credit card numbers, account usernames, and passwords. They imitate well-known banks, online sellers, and credit card companies. Successful phishers may convince as many as five percent of the people they contact to respond and give away their personal financial information.Is this really a big problem? Actually, tricking five percent of the online population is huge! Currently, more than 350 million people have access to the Internet, and seventy-five percent of those Internet users live in the wealthiest countries on Earth. It has been estimated that phishers send more than three billion scam messages each year. Even by tricking only five percent of the people, phishers can make a lot of money.Recently, police tracked down members of an organized phishing group in Eastern Europe, who had stolen email messages requesting people to update their personal information at the international bank’s website. However, the link to the bank in the messages actually sent people to the phish er’s fake website.How can innocent people protect themselves? Above all, they have to learn to recognize email that has been sent by a phisher. Always be wary of any email with urgent requests for personal financial information. Phishers typically write upsetting or exciting, but fake, statements in their emails so that people will reply right away. Also, messages from phishers will not address recipients by names bec ause they really don’t know who the recipients are yet. On the other hand, valid messages from your bank or other companies you normally deal with will typically include your name.Questions 66- 68Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 2 words for each blank.66. Phishing in this passage is compared to the activity of_______.67. Phishers use bait in the form of online deals or services, such as ______ and_______ to makepeople give their personal information.68. Only _______ of more than 350 million internet users might guarantee successful phishers alot of money.Questions 69—70Choose the best answer according to the passage.69. How can you tell a message given by your bank from a message sent by a phisher?A. By the email address.B. By the signature.C. By the recipient’s name.D. By the phone numbers.70. What is the passage mainly about?A. To contrast phishers and hackers.B. To outline three ways to recognize phishing scams.C. To report a surprising phishing crime in Europe/Section D (10 marks)Questions 71-- 75 are based on the following passage.Tsunami are giant sea waves caused by large-scale and sudden disturbance of seawater. The popular name f or a tsunami is ―tidal wave,‖ which is incorrect, as it has nothing to do with tides. Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning“harbor wave.‖ A tsunami is almost always a secondary effect of an earthquake and results from large and rapid movements of the sea floor covering an area of several hundred kilometers. Earthquakes result from movements along plate boundaries. These generate shock waves at their focus, which we feel as earthquakes. Earthquake size and intensity depend on the degree of movement and the depth at which they occur; intense, shallow earthquakes are felt more severely. （74）Tsunami occur where earthquake intensity exceeds 6.5 on the Richter scale and where the focus is less than 50 kilometers deep, otherwise shock intensity is absorbed by the surroundings. The key factor is the degree of displacement of the sea floor; the larger and more shallow the earthquake, the greater the intensity of the tsunami.In open water, tsunami are difficult to detect; they can be mistaken for a large swell (涨水). Opinions differ about their speed, but the recent tsunami reached a known speed of 800 kilometers / hour. Once generated, the waves formed a ripple effect, affecting different countries at different times and in different ways depending on shoreline shape and configuration. Take the Boxing Day 2004 tsunami for example. The tsunami waves that struck Banda Aceh, only 15 minutes from their origin, and parts of Sri Lanka were 15 meters high on impact. However, the islands in Maldives experienced only a four-meter sea swell rather than a crashing wall of water. As wave fronts approach the shore, energy is concentrated and wave height increases.In the 1960 Chilean earthquake, sea level prior to the tsunami fell by 40 meters. (75) However, this phenomenon does give those who have been educated about tsunami the chance to recognize what is happening and escape its effects. Invariably, the first wave is not the largest; only as waves approach the shore and are slowed by the rising sea floor do they begin to ―stack up,‖ so that the fourth or fifth wave is often the largest. As many television broadcasts have shown, much damage was done by subsequent waves.Questions 71—73Answer the following questions briefly according to the passage.71. Which two factors determine size and intensity of earthquakes?72. What is being explained by employing the example of the Boxing Day 2004 tsunami? Questions 74—75Translate the underlined sentences in the passage into Chinese.74. Tsunami occur where earthquake intensity exceeds 6.5 on the Richter scale and where the focus is less than 50 kilometers deep, otherwise shock intensity is absorbed by the surroundings.75. However, this phenomenon does give those who have been educated about tsunami the chance to recognize what is happening and escape its effects.Translation76. 据估计，全球每年约有120万人死于汽车交通事故。

2012 National English Contest forCollege Students(Level C – Preliminary)(总分：150分时间：120分钟)Part I listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once .After each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer .Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.What does the man say we can do to deal with oil crisis?A. To make full use of oil.B. To use as little oil as possibleC. To find alternative energy.2. Where does this conversation most probably take place?A. In an insurance company.B. In a bank.C. In a supermarket.3. According to the man, who is going to take over the position they are talking about?A. Janice.B. Someone else.C. Meryl.4. What does the woman say about the man’s report for the meeting?A. He has to get it ready before tomorrow noon.B. He has done well enough.C. He has enough time to prepare it.5. How many people will be on the earth by the year 2020 according to the professor?A. Some 5.8 billion.B. Nearly 7 billion.C. Over 8.5 billion.Section B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, read the questions and the three choices marked A, Band C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centreConversation One6. What’s the main job of Simon’s organization?A. They send out radio signals to communicate with other planets.B. They look for life and intelligence on other planets.C. They study stars that have planets orbiting around them.7. Why does the organization search for radio signals from space?A. Their presence may prove the existence of aliens.B. They may help scientists find out how the universe started.C. They convey messages about life on the earth.8. Does Simon believe those stories about aliens visiting our planet?A. No, he doesn’t believe them at all.B. Yes, he does believe those stories because of his study.C. Yes, he believes them although he has no evidence.9. Which of the following factor is considered to be important in forming life according to the passage?A. Gravity.B. Minerals.C. Water.10. When did the “big bang” occur?A. No one knows.B. 12 billion years ago.C. 20 billion year ago.Conversation Two11. Why did Bob make the news last month?A. Because he criticized traditional jobsB. Because he earned a lot of money.C. Because he tried new strategies in finding a job.12. In which way do the bestsellers like “The Brand Called You” and “The Personal BrandingPhenomenon” help people?A. They advise people to promote themselves as brands.B. They teach people how to be a perfect partner.C. They give people tips for job interview.13. When did Bob come up with the idea of using the internet to find a job?A. Ten years ago when he was a college student.B. When he began to do research between jobs.C. After he launched the campaign “Give Bob a Job”.14. What was the purpose of Bob’s making the video?A. To fulfill his ambition as a director.B. To sell his products like Teddy bears and T-shirts.C. To advertise his skills and talents.15. How can the internet help Bob in his job search exactly?A. By helping him make friends.B. By passing on the video he made.C. By providing job information for him.Section C (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short news items. After each item, which will be read only once, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.16. How many troops are going to withdraw from Afghanistan by the end of next year?A. 43,000.B. 10,000.C. 33,000.17. What is the finding of the study?A. Low-calorie foods may lead to more weight.B. High-calorie foods may lead to more weight.C. High-calorie foods may lead to less weight.18. What do the conflicting reports show about radiation?A. The radiation level given by Tokyo Electric is much smaller than that given by othertests.B. The radiation level given by other tests is smaller than that given by Tokyo Electric.C. The radiation level is close to 10,000 times the normal level.19. Why are Caribbean Service and Europe Today shut down by BBC?A. Because of their outdated services.B. Because of cuts in government funding.C. Because of lack of target audience.20. What’s the cause of demonstrations in cities and towns across Syria?A. They are calling for more freedom.B. Workers demand higher pay.C. Some thirty people were killed by the police.Section D (10 marks)In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are 10 missing words or phrases. Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear. The passage will be read twice. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Recovery from jetlag can take as long as a day for every time zone crossed. So if you’re flying east-west for your holiday or on business, it is likely to mean a few days of feeling tired or even unwell.Jetlag is the (21)__________ of the body’s natural cycle and some factors make it worse. The artificial atmosphere inside a plane can affect the body in a number of ways and add to the effects of jetlag.Exercising before flights helps to offset the effects on the body of reduced (22) _________, and aerobic exercise afterwards helps to reoxygenate it. Drink plenty of water. Children may need more. Drinking carrot juice before flying overcomes oxygen deficiency.Eat light, frequent meals. Heavy meals (23) __________ the blood circulation, which can lead to dizziness and fainting. For two weeks before you fly, eat plenty of food containing vitamins A and E; they will build up your (24) __________ and help to keep you fit. Sleep as much as you can before the flight and on it. On board, wear earplugs and eye pads because darkness (25) __________ secretion of the hormones that enhance sleep.Avoid alcohol, which restricts the brain’s oxygen intake. Like tea and coffee, alcohol increases the dehydration effect of flying. If you need to drink to relax, (26) __________ that the cabin environment intensifies the effect of alcohol.Wear loose, comfortable, warm clothes and limber up during flight. Sitting down for several hours slows down the (27) _________, leading to local stiffness, cramps and dizziness. Re-adjustto local time as soon as you can. Bright light helps the body stay alert, so if you are going somewhere sunny, stay outside.Do not smoke before or during the flight since smoking (28) ___________ the blood oxygen level. If you need to calm your nerves, try aromatherapy oils which have a sedative effect.(29) _________ your doctor before flying if you are on medication. The effects of some drugs are strengthened at high altitudes and some may produce (30) _________.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31. What we all work for is to free ________ time for the things we really want to do.A. offB. upC. asideD. in32. You _________ his words seriously. He was talking nonsense.A. won’t takeB. may not takeC. mustn’t have takenD. needn’t have taken33. Never hesitate to _________ the first opportunity that comes along.A. seizeB. drawC. who; thatD. obtain34. His mother ________ hated city life longed to return to the village in _______she grew up.A. that; whereB. who; whichC. who; thatD. who; where35. All things _______, I think I’d better take your advice.A. consideringB. to be consideredC. consideredD. have been considered36. Twelve European countries ________ over to the Euro on January 1st, 2002.A. transformedB. switchedC. reversedD. altered37. She isn’t anything ________ unpleasant as people say she is.A. as likeB. likeC. asD. like as38. Stop complaining. You really ________ my nerves.A. get downB. get alongC. get offD. get on39. There wasn’t _______ truth in what he said.A. a grain ofB. a ray ofC. a point ofD. a drop of40. ________ for my savings, I wouldn’t be able to survive these miserable days.A. Was it notB. Were it notC. Had it been notD. Hadn’t it been41. There was a power cut this morning. ________, I couldn’t do anything with my computer.A. SupposedlyB. PresumablyC. ConsequentlyD. Essentially42. Alarm clocks needlessly wake ______ households. I want to design something targeted atthe individual sleeper.A. wholeB. totalC. fullD. high43. _______ both parties agree on these issues will a contract be signed soon.A. If onlyB. UnlessC. ShouldD. Only if44.—I’ve run out of cash. Could you lend me a few pounds this evening?—_____ I’ll just have to find time to get to the bank and make a withdrawal.A.I can lend you some now.B. I’m not sure I’ve got any either.C. Sorry, I haven’t got a penny in my account.D. My credit card must be left home.45. —We’re all going to the New Skyline Restaurant for our end-of-year get-together. Canwe count you in?—Oh, thanks, Sara, but _____A. I didn’t find you then.B. I’ve been to the restaurant once.C. I’ll pass this time.D. I’ll meet you there at 5:00.Part III Cloze (10 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Did you know that for every 20,000 novels written, only one gets published? So the (46) ____ (likely) that I’ll ever fulfill my ambition of becoming a professional mystery writer doesn’t seem very high. But the prospect of turning my lifelong passion into my livelihood and achieving fame and (47) for ______ at the same time is just too exciting for me to be put off by dull statistics.So what does it (48) t_______ to become a writer? Reading is important—all writers need to research their genre thoroughly to familiarize themselves (49) _______ its codes and conventions. My bookshelves at home are stacked with the novels of all the great mystery writers, which I’ve read and in many cases, re-read, despite (50) _______ (know) all the time “who’d done it”.Of course, being a writer requires imagination. You have to develop your own personal style rather than simply copy the work of “the greats”. I’ve turned out (51) d________ of short crime stories for my university student magazine—some have been published, some not, but I’ve always aimed to produce original and imaginative material.Last but not (52) ________, successful writers possess enormous self-discipline. I’ve often sacrificed my social life in order to devote the necessary time and effort to producing a good quality story. And more than once that has meant (53) _______ the midnight oil.We’ve got a novel inside us. Getting it out in anywhere near publishable form is no (54) ______ task, but with imagination and determination, and the help of an expert on “master class”, who could possibly fail to (55) re_______ their ambition?Part IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions using information from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Section A (10 marks)Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage.The term culture shock was introduced forthe first time in 1958 to describe the anxietyproduced when a person moves to a completelynew environment. This term expresses thefeeling of not knowing what to do or how to dothings in a new environment. This termexpresses the feeling of not knowing what todo or how to do things in a new environment. We can describe culture shock as the physical and emotional discomfort a person suffers when coming to live in a place different from the place of origin.Often, the way that we live before is not accepted or considered as normal in the new place. Everything is different, for example, not speaking the language, not knowing how to use banking machines, not knowing how to use telephones, and so forth.The symptoms of culture shock can appear at different times. Although a person can experience real pain from culture shock, it is also an opportunity for growing and learning new perspectives. Culture shock can help people develop a better understanding of themselves and stimulate personal creativity.Culture shock has many stages. Each stage can be ongoing, or appear only at certain times. In the first stage, the new arrival may feel very happy about all of the new experience. This time is called the honeymoon stage. Afterward, the second stage presents itself. A person may encounter some difficulties in daily life. For example, communication difficulties may occur, such as not being understood. In this stage, there may be feelings of impatience, anger and sadness. Transition between the old methods and those of the new country is a difficult process and takes time to complete. The third stage is characterized by gaining some understanding of the new culture. A new feeling of pleasure and sense of humor may be experienced. A person may start to feel a psychological balance. The individual is more familiar with the environment and wants to belong. This starts an evaluation of the old ways versus those of the new. In the fourth stage, the person realizes that the new culture has goodand bad things to offer. This stage can be one of double integration or triple integration, depending on the number of cultures that the person has to process. This integration is characterized by a more solid feeling of belonging. The person starts to define himself or herself and establish goals for living. The fifth stage is the stage that is called the reentry shock. This occurs when a person returns to the newly acquired customs are considered improper in the old culture.Questions 56—60Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank.Introduced in 1958, culture shock is a term used to (56) __________ physical and emotional discomfort people experience when they come to or live in a new place. Although many people suffer a lot from culture shock, it is an (57) _________ for personal improvement. The five stages of culture shock may last for a long time or show up once in a while. In the first stage, the (58) __________ stage, the new arrival might be OK with everything. Afterward, (59) ________ from old methods to the new one calls for time and energy. During the third and fourth stage, people may gain more understanding of the new culture and possess objective views. The double or triple integration is (60) __________ by a feeling of belonging. The last stage, called reentry shock, refers to the feeling people have when returning to their home country.Section B (10 marks)Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.For some people, it would be unthinkable. But Gabe Henderson is finding freedom in a recent decision; he canceled his MySpace account. The 26 years old graduate student stopped his account after realizing that a lot of his online friends were really just acquaintances. “The superficial emptiness clouded the excitement I had once felt,” Henderson wrote in an article. “It seems we have lost, to some degree, the special depth that true friendship is about.”Journalism professor Michael Bugeja, who is a strong supporter of face-to-face communication, read Henderson’s column and saw it was a sign of hope. Though he’s not anti-technology, Bugeja often lectures students about “interpersonal intelligence”—knowing when, where, and for what purpose technology is most appropriate. He points out the studentshe’s seen walking across campus, holding hands with each other while talking on cell phones to someone else He’s also seen them in coffee shops, surrounded by people, but staring instead at a computer screen. “True friends,” he says, “need to learn when to stop blogging and go across campus to help a friend.”These days, young people are more wired than ever—but they’re also getting more worried. Increasingly, they’ve had to deal with online bullies, who are posting anything from embarrassing photos to online threats. And increasingly, young people also are realizing that things they post on their profiles can come back to hurt them when applying for schools or jobs.Social networking can be an “extremely effective”way to publicize events to large groups. It can even help build a sense of community on campus. People joined Facebook as a way to meet others. However, it has limitations. A good Internet pro make even the most boring person seem some what interesting. People are also not always happy with text messages on the cell phones. Cell phones can be a quick way to say “have a good day”. But friends can also cancel a night out with a text message to avoid having to explain. “Our generation needs to get over this fear of confrontation and rejection.” Henderson says. “The focus needs to be on quality communication, in all ways.”Back in his life, Henderson is enjoying spending more face-to-face time with his friends and less with his computer. He says his decision to quit his social-networking Internet accounts was a good one. “I’m not sacrificing friends,” he says, “because if a picture, some basic information about their life and a Web page is all my friendship has become, then there was nothing to sacrifice to begin with.”Questions 61—63Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.61. Although Henderson quit MySpace, most of his online friends are actually close friends.62. According to Bugeja, young people should know when to use technology and when to stop using it.63. Social networking helps build a sense of community but has a negative effect on young people’s life if it is used inappropriately.Questions 64—65Answer the following questions briefly according to the passage.64. What does Henderson lose by using social networking websites like Myspace?65. What do young people need to overcome in order to focus on quality communication?Section C (10 marks)Questions 66—70 are based on the following passage.“Five …Four …Three …Two …One …See ya! ”and Chance McGuire,twenty-five, is airborne off a 600 –footconcrete dam in Northern California. Inone second he falls 15 feet, in two seconds60 feet, and after three seconds and 130feet, he is flying at 66 miles an hour.McGuire is a practitioner of what hecalls the king of all extreme sports. BASE—an acronym for building, antenna, span (bridge) and earth (cliffs)—jumping has one of the sporting world’s highest fatality rates: inits 18-year history, forty –six participants have been killed. Yet the sport has never been more popular, with more than a thousand jumpers in the United States, and more seeking to get into it every day. It is an activity without margin for error. If your chute malfunctions, don’t bother researching for a reserve—there isn’t time. There are no second chances.Still, the sport may be a perfect fit with the times. Americans may have more in common with McGuire than they know or care to admit. America has embarked on a national orgy of thrill seeking and risk taking. The rise of adventure and extreme sports such as BASE jumping, snowboarding, ice climbing, skateboarding, and paragliding is merely the most vivid manifestation of this new national behavior.The rising popularity of extreme sports speaks of an eagerness on the part of millions of Americans to participate in activities closer to the edge, where danger, skill, and fear combine to give weekend warriors and professional athletes alike a sense of pushing out personal boundaries. According to American Sports Data Inc., a consulting firm, participation in so-called extreme sports is way up. Snowboarding has grown 113 percent in five years and now boasts nearly 5.5 million participants. Mountain hiking, skateboarding, scuba diving—their growth curves reveal a nation that loves to play with danger. Contrast that with activities such as baseball, touch football, and aerobics, all of which were in steady decline throughout the 1990s.The pursuits that are becoming more popular have one thing in common: the perception that they are somehow more challenging than a game of touch football. “Every human being with two legs and two arms is going to wonder how fast, how strong, how enduring he or she is,” says Eric Perlman, a mountaineer and film maker specializing in extreme sports. “We are designed to experience or die.”Questions 66—68Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 4 words for each blank.66. _______ rates doesn’t stop people from getting into BASE jumping every day.67. The rise of extreme sports manifests the national behavior of _______ and ________.68. The combination of fear, skill and danger gives both amateurs and professionals a sense of______.Questions 69—70Choose the best answer according to the passage.69. Which of the following activities reveals a nation that loves to play activities closer to the edge?A. Touch football.B. Baseball.C. Scuba diving.D. Aerobics.70. What does Eric mean by saying “We are designed to experience or die”?A. Life with great challenges is a meaningful one.B. Life without great experiences is very common.C. People may die while doing extreme sports.D. Extreme sports are essential parts of human life.Section D (10 marks)Questions 71—75 are based on the following passage.Albert Einstein was one of the greatest thinkers the world has ever known. He formulated theories of relativity, successfully described the nature of the universe and came up with the most famous equation in the world. David Beckham is the footballer whose skills and precision have made him one of the most gifted sportsmen of his generation. Who is more intelligent?How Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences (MI) dares us to put these two men on neighboring pedestals. Instead of regarding intelligence as a single quantity measurable by pen-and-paper tests, Gardner, an education professor at Harvard University, divides human intelligence into no fewer than eight separate categories ranging from mathematical tomusical competence. (74)His ideas have provoked vigorous debate about how one defines intelligence. Gardner’s point is that quantity measures only one capacity, the sort of mental agility that is valued in academic achievement, and that this single number does not do justice to human potential. So he has created his own spheres of achievement. Some categories are easily reconcilable with general perceptions about IQ. For example, “linguistic” intelligence confers a mastery of language, and is the preserve of such people as poets, writers and linguists. “Logical mathematical”intelligence marks out people who take a reasoning approach to physical things, and seek underlying principles. Einstein is the standard –bearer of this group, which also includes philosophers. These two categories are the main components of what we generally think of as “intelligence”.“Musical”intelligence characterizes musicians, composers and conductors. “Spatial”intelligence is about being able to picture perspective, to visualize a world in one’s head with great accuracy. Chess players, artists and architects would rate highly in this category. Dancers, athletes and actors are lumped under the “bodily-kinesthetic”heading; these individual, like Beckham, are able to control their bodies and movements very carefully.Then come two types of “personal” intelligence-intrapersonal, the ability to gauge one’s own mood, feelings and mental states, and interpersonal, being able to gauge it in others and use the information. These two categories could be interpreted as emotional intelligence. Psychiatrists are particularly adept at the former, while religious leaders and politicians are seen as people who can exploit the latter.Charles Darwin is perhaps the perfect embodiment of the eighth intelligence –“naturalist”. This label describes people with a deep understanding of the natural world and its objects. Zoologists and botanists can count themselves among this group.(75)These eight categories certainly reflect the fact that, in these areas, there is a spectrum of human ability ranging from the hopeless to the brilliant. But are these really intelligences, or could these competences be more accurately described as gifts or talents?Questions 71—73Answer the following questions briefly according to the passage.71. What are the main components of “intelligence” we generally think of?72. What kind of abilities does emotional intelligence involve?73. Which intelligences are represented by Einstein and Beckham respectively?Questions 74—75Translate the underlined sentences in the passage into Chinese.74. His ideas have provoked vigorous debate about how one defines intelligence.75. These eight categories certainly reflect the fact that, in these areas, there is a spectrum of human ability ranging from the hopeless to the brilliant.Part V Translation (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the hints given in brackets. Remember to write the answer on the answer sheet.76. 既然没有退路了，我们不妨试试他的方法。

Did you know that for every 20,000 novels written, only one gets published? So the (46) ____ (likely) that I’ll ever fulfill my ambition of becoming a professional mystery writer doesn’t seem very high. But the prospect of turning my lifelong passion into my livelihood and achieving fame and (47) for ______ at the same time is just too exciting for me to be put off by dull statistics.So what does it (48) t_______ to become a writer? Reading is important—all writers need to research their genre thoroughly to familiarize themselves (49) _______ its codes and conventions. My bookshelves at home are stacked with the novels of all the great mystery writers, which I’ve read and in many cases, re-read, despite (50) _______ (know) all the time “who’d done it”.Of course, being a writer requires imagination. You have to develop your own personal style rather than simply copy the work of “the greats”. I’ve turned out (51) d________ of short crime stories for my university student magazine—some have been published, some not, but I’ve always aimed to produce original and imaginative material.Last but not (52) ________, successful writers possess enormous self-discipline. I’ve often sacrificed my social life in order to devote the necessary time and effort to producing a good quality story. And more than once that has meant (53) _______ the midnight oil.We’ve got a novel inside us. Getting it out in anywhere near publishable form is no (54) ______ task, but with imagination and determination, and the help of an expert on “master class”, who could possibly fail to (55) re_______ their ambition?Cash reward is a common form of motivation used by parents with highexpectation to encourage their children work hard at exam time. Some 81. ________ youngsters receive payments of as much as ￡100 for each A grade theyobtain at GSCE. But would such “bribes” be based on exam performance or 82. ________ should they, as many parents and teachers feel, be offered in recognition of a 83. ________ child’s effort, regardless of results? The later approach would solve the 84. ________ problems of how parents reward children with different levels of ability; 85. ________ imagine, for example, a family with one child who is academically gift and 86. ________ another who has learning difficulties. The dangers of result-relating incentives 87. ________ for the second child are clear; with little hope of obtaining the higher grades,the withholding of promised financial rewards would only compound of the 88.________ child’s feeling of false. However, some leading educational psychologists 89. ________ believe that parents should rely in their own judgments in such matters. They 90. ________。

2012年吴江市小学生LOGO程序设计竞赛卷
说明：①下列题请选用你认为最简单的方法完成。

每题可以用一个过程，也可以用多个过程完成，但其中主过程名应按题目中要求命名。

②整卷所有过程保存为一个以考号为文件名的LGO文件。

③请保存好文件，主过程名一定要按题目要求，按照键入规定的主过程名后，屏幕上出
现的图形打分。

④比赛时间为1笑死。

1．定义过程：画出如下图形所示的带棒的小球；主过程名为：PQ
第一题第二题
2．定义过程：画出如下图形所示的手机图案，主过程名为：SJ
3．定义过程：画出如下图形所示的雪花图案，主过程名为：XH
第三题
4．定义过程：画出如下图形所示的国旗图案（底板为红色，五角星为黄色），主过程名为：HG 5．定义过程：画出如下图形所示的棋盘图案，主过程名为：QP
第四题第五题。

2012 National English Contestfor College Students(Level C - Preliminary)参考答案及作文评分标准Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)1—5 CBBAC Section B (10 marks)6—10 BAACB 11—15 CABCBSection C (5 marks)16—20 ACABA Section D (10 marks)21. disruption 22. air pressure 23. slow down 24.immune system 25.stimulates26. bear in mind 27. circulation 28. decreases 29. Consult 30. side effectsPart II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)31—35 BDABC 36—40 BDDAB 41—45 CADBCPart III Cloze (10 marks)46. likelihood 47. fortune 48. take 49. with 50. knowing51. dozens 52. least 53. burning 54.easy/simple 55. realizePart IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks) Section A (10 marks)56. describe 57. opportunity 58. honeymoon 59. transition 60. characterized Section B (10 marks)61. F 62. T 63. T64. The special depth that true friendship is about.65. They need to get over fear of confrontation and rejection. Section C (10 marks)66. High fatality 67. thrill seeking; risk taking 68. pushing out personal boundaries 69. C 70.A Section D (10 marks)71.“Linguistic”intelligence and“Logical mathematical”intelligence.72. The ability to gauge one蒺s own mood, feelings and mental states, and the ability to gauge it in others and use the information.73.“Logical mathematical”intelligence and the“bodily-kinesthetic”intelligence.74. 他的观点引发了激烈的讨论，应如何定义智力。