英语语法专有名词中英对应名称

英语语法术语（汉英对照）语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 句子sentence从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative 复合词compound 词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses 动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective原级positive 比较级comparative 最高级superlative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 零冠词zero article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause 定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence 并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence 疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question 特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question 附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence 基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object 补语complement 主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语predicative 定语attribute同位语appositive 状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship并列coordinate 从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine 阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter 人称person第一人称first person 第二人称second person 第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense 一般将来时future simple tense 现在完成时present perfect tense 过去完成时past perfect tense 将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense 将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice 被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood 祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation 转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order 倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion引语speech直接引语direct speech 间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis 重复repetition 语音pronunciation 语调tone升调rising tone 降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone 文体style 结构structure 层次rank 正式文体formal非正式文体informal 口语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression用法usage 感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory 幽默humorous 讽刺sarcastic 挖苦ironic英国英语British English 美国英语American English。

英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法最近有同学反应，上外教课时，有些语法问题要和老师沟通，却不知道一些语法专有名词的英文怎么说，于是，只能用一大串英语来描述一个专有名词。

例如，同学想问形容词的用法时，不会“形容词” 的英语说法，只好把问题这么描述:：“What are the rules of the words that are used to describe a person or thing?”其实，the words that are used to describe a person or thing 指的就是形容词, 形容词的英文说法是“adjective”. 有鉴于此，现在把英文语法的专有名词说法，整理如下，同学花个常用英语语法术语表达语法grammar句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word派生词derivative 复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun介词preposition 连词conjunction 数词numeral 基数词cardinal序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence 肯定句positive sentence 基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object 补语complement 主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语predicative 定语attribute 同位语appositive 状语adverbial 句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination 修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction 双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction 数number 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form 不规则形式irregular form 格case 普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case 宾格objective case 性gender 阳性masculine 阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter 人称person 第一人称first person 第二人称second person 第三人称third person 时态tense 过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense 一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense 将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice 主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice 语气mood 陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation 语序order 自然语序natural order 倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement 主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement 概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis 重复repetition 语音pronunciation 语调tone 升调rising tone 降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone 文体style 正式文体formal 非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression 英国英语British English美国英语American English 用法usage 感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory 幽默humorous 讽刺sarcastic。

英语语法术语（汉英对照）语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word 单纯词 simple word 派生词 derivative 复合词 compound 词性 part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun 普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun抽象名词 abstract noun 具体名词 concrete noun 物质名词material noun集体名词 collective noun 个体名词 individual noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb 不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词 auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb 规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb 短语动词 phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb 使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective原级 positive 比较级 comparative 最高级 superlative副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词 conjunct 疑问副词 interrogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun冠词 article定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article 零冠词zero article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form 原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause 定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence 并列复合句 compound complex sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence 疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question 特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question 附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question 存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence 基本句型 basic sentence pattern否定句 negative sentence 祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence 感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject 谓语 predicate 宾语 object 双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object 间接宾语 indirect object 复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object 补语 complement 主补 subject complement宾补 object complement 表语 predicative 定语 attribute同位语 appositive 状语 adverbial句法关系 syntactic relationship并列 coordinate 从属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰 post-modification限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case 所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine 阴性 feminine 通性 common 中性 neuter 人称 person第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense 过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense 一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense 一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 present perfect tense 过去完成时 past perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense 现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense 将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood 祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation 转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order 倒装语序 inversion 全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion引语 speech直接引语 direct speech 间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech 自由间接引语 free indirect speech 一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement 就近原则 principle of proximity 强调 emphasis 重复 repetition 语音 pronunciation 语调tone升调 rising tone 降调 falling tone 降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style 结构 structure 层次 rank 正式文体 formal 非正式文体 informal 口语 spoken/oral English 套语 formulistic expression用法 usage 感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory 幽默 humorous 讽刺 sarcastic 挖苦ironic英国英语 British English 美国英语 American English。

完整版)英语语法术语中英文对照表English-XXXGrammar：语法Syntax：句法Morphology：词法Structure：结构Rank：层次Sentence：句子Clause：从句Phrase：词组Part of Speech：词类Word：单词XXX：实词Structural Word：虚词Simple Word：单纯词XXX：派生词Compound：复合词Noun：名词Proper Noun：专有名词Common Noun：普通名词Countable Noun：可数名词Uncountable Noun：不可数名词Abstract Noun：抽象名词Concrete Noun：具体名词Material Noun：物质名词Collective Noun：集体名词Individual Noun：个体名词n：介词n：连词XXX：动词Main XXX：主动词XXX：及物动词Intransitive XXX：不及物动词Link XXX：系动词Auxiliary XXX：助动词Modal XXX：情态动词Regular Verb：规则动词Irregular Verb：不规则动词Phrasal XXX：短语动词XXX：限定动词Infinite XXX：非限定动词Causative Verb：使役动词Verb of Senses：感官动词Event Verb：动态动词XXX：静态动词XXX：感叹词Adjective：形容词Adverb：副词Adverb of Manner：方式副词Adverb of Degree：程度副词Adverb of Time：时间副词Adverb of Place：地点副词Adjunct：修饰性副词Conjunct：连接性副词Interrogative Adverb：疑问副词Relative Adverb：关系副词Pronoun：代词Personal Pronoun：人称代词Possessive Pronoun：物主代词Reflexive Pronoun：反身代词Reciprocal Pronoun：相互代词Demonstrative Pronoun：指示代词Pronouns are words used in place of nouns。

英语语法术语中英文对照表语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun abstract noun抽象名词具体名词 concret noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamationadjective形容词副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possesive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possecive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词 article定冠词 definite articleindefinite article不定冠词数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concessionadverbial clause of cause原因状语从句．结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentencebasic sentence patern基本句型否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate从属 subordinationmodification修饰．前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second personthird person第三人称．时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood否定 negationscope of negation否定范围．全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tonefalling-rising tone降升调．文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression 英国英语 British English美国英语 American English 用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic挖苦 ironic。

英语语法术语中英文对照表语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun abstract noun抽象名词具体名词 concret noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamationadjective形容词副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possesive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possecive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词 article定冠词 definite articleindefinite article不定冠词数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concessionadverbial clause of cause原因状语从句．结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentencebasic sentence patern基本句型否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate从属 subordinationmodification修饰．前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second personthird person第三人称．时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood否定 negationscope of negation否定范围．全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tonefalling-rising tone降升调．文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression 英国英语 British English美国英语 American English 用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic挖苦 ironic。

英语语法术语（中英文对照）一、词性 part of speech1.名词 noun1)专有名词 proper noun2)普通名词 common noun3)可数名词 countable noun4)不可数名词 uncountable noun5)抽象名词 abstract noun6)具体名词 concrete noun7)物质名词 material noun8)集体名词 collective noun9)个体名词 individual noun2.动词 verb1)及物动词 transitive verb （Vt）2)不及物动词 intransitive verb (Vi)3)系动词 link verb4)助动词 auxiliary verb5)情态动词 modal verb6)规则动词 regular verb7)不规则动词 irregular verb8)短语动词 phrasal verb9)限定动词 finite verb10)非限定动词 infinite verb11)使役动词 causative verb12)感官动词 verb of senses3.形容词 adjective4.副词 adverb1）方式副词adverb of manner2）程度副词adverb of degree3）时间副词adverb of time4）地点副词adverb of place5）修饰性副词 adjunct6）连接性副词 conjunct7）疑问副词 interrogative adverb8）关系副词 relative adverb5.代词 pronoun1）人称代词 personal pronoun2）物主代词 possessive pronouni.名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronounii.形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 3）反身代词 reflexive pronoun4）指示代词 demonstrative pronoun5）疑问代词 interrogative pronoun6）关系代词 relative pronoun7）不定代词 indefinite pronoun6.冠词 article1）定冠词 definite article2）不定冠词 indefinite article7.数词 numeral1）基数词 cardinal numeral2）序数词 ordinal numeral8.介词 preposition9.连词 conjunction10.感叹词 exclamation二、数/格/性 number/case/gender1.数number1）单数形式 singular form2）复数形式 plural form3）规则形式 regular form4）不规则形式 irregular form2.格case1）普通格 common case2）所有格 possessive case3）主格 nominative case4）宾格 objective case三、句子成分 members of sentences1.主语 subject2.谓语 predicate3.表语 predicative4.宾语 object1）双宾语 dual object2）直接宾语 direct object3）间接宾语 indirect object5.定语 attribute6.状语 adverbial7.同位语 appositive8.补语 complement1）主补（主语补语） subject complement2）宾补（宾语补语） object complement四、句子sentence1.简单句 simple sentence2.复合句 complex sentence3.并列句 compound sentence4.陈述句 declarative sentence5.存在句 existential sentence6.疑问句 interrogative sentence1）一般疑问句 general question2）特殊疑问句 special question3）选择疑问句 alternative question4）反义疑问句 disjunctive question7.肯定句 positive sentence8.否定句 negative sentence9.祈使句 imperative sentence10.省略句 elliptical sentence11.感叹句 exclamatory sentence五、语气/语态/语序/一致 mood/voice/order/agreement1.语气mood1）陈述语气 indicative mood2）祈使语气 imperative mood3）虚拟语气 subjunctive mood2.语态voice1）主动语态 active voice2）被动语态 passive voice3.语序 order1）自然语序 natural order2）倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装 full inversionii.部分倒装 partial inversion3）直接引语 direct speech4）间接引语 indirect speech4.一致agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity六、从句clause1.名词性从句 nominal clause1）主语从句subject clause2）表语从句 predicative clause3）宾语从句 object clause4）同位语从句appositive clause2.定语从句 attributive clause3.状语从句adverbial clause1）时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time2）地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place3）方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner4）让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession5）原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause6）结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result7）目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose8）条件状语从句 adverbial clause of conditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 9）比较状语从句 adverbial clause of comparison4. 独立主格结构Nominative Absolute Construction七、时态 tense1.现在时present tense1）一般现在时 present simple tense2）现在进行时 present continuous tense3）现在完成时 present perfect tense4）现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense2.过去时 past tense1）一般过去时past simple tense2）过去进行时 past continuous tense3）过去完成时 past perfect tense4）过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense3.将来时future tense1）一般将来时 future simple tense2）将来进行时 future continuous tense3）将来完成时 future perfect tense4）将来完成进行时 future perfect continuous tense4.其他1）一般过去将来时past future tense2）过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense3）过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense4）过去将来完成进行时past future perfect continuous tense。

英语专四语法术语名词：noun个体名词：individual noun集体名词: collective noun 物质名词：material noun 抽象名词: abstract noun 可数名词：countable noun不可数名词：uncountable noun动词：verb动态动词：dynamic verb 静态动词：stative verb 情态动词：modal verb 助动词：auxiliary非谓语动词：non-finite verbs(分词，participle; 不定式, infinitive; 动名词，gerund)数词：numeral代词：pronoun人称代词：personal pronoun物主代词：possessive pronoun反身代词：reflexive pronoun指示代词：demonstrative pronoun 关系代词：relativepronoun不定代词：indefinitepronoun形容词：adjective副词：adverb冠词：article连词：conjunction介词：preposition感叹词：interjection限定词：determiner短语：phrase不定式短语：infinitivephrase动名词短语：gerundialphrase分词短语：participialphrase主语：subject谓语：predicate主谓一致：subject-verbagreement宾语：object补语：complement定语：attribute状语：adverbial同位语：appositive主语从句：subject clause表语从句：predicativeclause宾语从句：object clause定语从句：attributiveclause先行词：antecedent限制性定语从句：restrictive attributiveclause非限制性定语从句：non-restrictiveattributive clause状语从句：adverbialclause陈述句：Declarativesentence疑问句：interrogativesentence祈使句：imperativesentence感叹句：exclamatorysentence时态(各种时态) tense语态：voice主动语态：active voice被动语态：passive voice虚拟语气：subjunctivemood反义疑问句：tag question倒装：inversion部分倒装：partialinversion省略：ellipsis。

英语语法专有名词中英⽂对照说法英语语法专有名词中英⽂对照说法最近有同学反应，上外教课时，有些语法问题要和⽼师沟通，却不知道⼀些语法专有名词的英⽂怎么说，于是，只能⽤⼀⼤串英语来描述⼀个专有名词。

例如，同学想问形容词的⽤法时，不会“形容词” 的英语说法，只好把问题这么描述:：“What are the rules of the words that are used to describe a person or thing?”其实，the words that are used to describe a person or thing 指的就是形容词, 形容词的英⽂说法是“adjective”. 有鉴于此，现在把英⽂语法的专有名词说法，整理如下，同学花个⼏分钟的时间把他们记起来，下次再想问外教语法问题时，就不⽤那么⿇烦啰！中⽂英⽂全称及缩写中⽂英⽂全称及缩写名词Noun (n.) 时态Tense代词Pronoun (pron.) ⼀般式Simple tense形容词Adjective (adj./a.) 进⾏式Progressive tense动词Verb (v.) 完成式Perfect tense数词Numeral (num.) 完成进⾏式Perfect Progressive tense副词Adverb (adv./ad.) 现在时Present tense冠词Article (atr.) 过去时Past tense介词Preposition (prep.) 将来时Future tense连词Conjunction (conj.) 过去将来时Past future tense感叹词Interjection (interj.) 标点符号Punctuation Mark词法Morphology 句号(.) Period (full stop)句法Syntax 问号(?) Question mark 句⼦成分Members of the惊叹号(!) Exclamation markSentence主语Subject 逗号(,) Comma谓语Predicate 分号(;) Semicolon表语Predicative 冒号(:) Colon宾语Object 引号(“”,??)Quotation marks补语Complement 破折号(-) Dash定语Attributive 省略号(…)Dots (ellipsis)状语Adverbial 括号( ) Parentheses (brackets) 同位语Appositive 斜号(/) Slash短语Phrase 顿号(、) Slight-pause mark 从句Clause 缩写号(…)Apostrophe常⽤英语语法术语表达语法grammar句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank句⼦sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word派⽣词derivative 复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun介词preposition 连词conjunction 数词numeral 基数词cardinal序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb⾮限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb ⽅式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb ⼈称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反⾝代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指⽰代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form ⾮限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place⽅式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result⽬的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition⾮真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句⼦sentence简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence ⼀般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence 肯定句positive sentence 基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence句⼦成分members of sentences主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object 补语complement 主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语predicative 定语attribute 同位语appositive 状语adverbial 句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination 修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction 双重限制double-restriction⾮限制non-restriction 数number 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form 不规则形式irregular form 格case 普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case 宾格objective case 性gender 阳性masculine 阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter ⼈称person 第⼀⼈称first person 第⼆⼈称second person 第三⼈称third person 时态tense 过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进⾏时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense ⼀般现在时present simple tense⼀般过去时past simple tense ⼀般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进⾏时present continuous tense过去进⾏时past continuous tense 将来进⾏时future continuous tense过去将来进⾏时past future continuous tense 现在完成进⾏时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进⾏时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice 主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice 语⽓mood 陈述语⽓indicative mood祈使语⽓imperative mood 虚拟语⽓subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation 语序order ⾃然语序natural order 倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech⾃由直接引语free direct speech ⾃由间接引语free indirect speech ⼀致agreement 主谓⼀致subject-predicate agreement 语法⼀致grammatical agreement 概念⼀致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis 重复repetition 语⾳pronunciation 语调tone 升调rising tone 降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone ⽂体style 正式⽂体formal ⾮正式⽂体informal⼝语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression 英国英语British English美国英语American English ⽤法usage 感情⾊彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory 幽默humorous 讽刺sarcastic。

词性part of speech1.名词noun1)专有名词proper noun2)普通名词common noun3)可数名词countable noun4)不可数名词uncountable noun5)抽象名词abstract noun6)具体名词concrete noun7)物质名词material noun8)集体名词collective noun9)个体名词individual noun2.动词verb1)及物动词transitive verb2)不及物动词intransitive verb3)限定动词finite verb form4)非限定动词non-finite verb form5)主动词main verb6)系动词link verb7)助动词auxiliary verb8)情态动词modal verb9)规则动词regular verb10)不规则动词irregular verb11)短语动词phrasal verb12)限定动词finite verb13)非限定动词infinite verb14)使役动词causative verb15)感官动词verb of senses16)动态动词event verb17)静态动词stage verb3.形容词adjective4.副词adverb1)方式副词adverb of manner2)程度副词adverb of degree3)时间副词adverb of time4)地点副词adverb of place5)修饰性副词adjunct6)连接性副词conjunct7)疑问副词interrogative adverb8)关系副词relative adverb5.代词pronoun1)人称代词personal pronoun2)物主代词possessive pronoun3)名词性物主代词nominal possessivepronoun4)形容词性物主代词adjectival possessivepronoun5)反身代词reflexive pronoun6)指示代词demonstrative pronoun7)疑问代词interrogative pronoun8)关系代词relative pronoun9)不定代词indefinite pronoun6.冠词article1)定冠词definite article2)不定冠词indefinite article7.数词numeral1)基数词cardinal numeral2)序数词ordinal numeral8.介词preposition9.连词conjunction10.感叹词exclamation一、数/格/性number/case/gender1.数number1)单数形式singular form2)复数形式plural form3)规则形式regular form4)不规则形式irregular form 2.格case1)普通格common case2)所有格possessive case3)主格nominative case4)宾格objective case 3.性gender1)阴性feminine2)阳性masculine3)中性neuter4)通性common4.人称person1)第一人称first person2)第二人称second person3)第三人称third person二、句子成分members of sentences1.主语subject2.谓语predicate3.表语predicative4.宾语object1)双宾语dual object2)直接宾语direct object3)间接宾语indirect object4)复合宾语complex object5)同源宾语cognate object 5.定语attribute6.状语adverbial7.同位语appositive8.补语complement1)主语补足语subject complement2)宾语补足语object complement三、句子sentence （基本句型basic sentence pattern）1.简单句simple sentence2.并列句compound sentence3.复合句complex sentence4.并列复合句compound complexsentence5.陈述句declarative sentence6.存在句existential sentence7.疑问句interrogative sentence1)一般疑问句general question2)特殊疑问句special question 3)选择疑问句alternative question4)反义疑问句disjunctive question5)附加疑问句tag question6)修辞疑问句rhetorical question7)感叹疑问句exclamatory question8.肯定句positive sentence9.否定句negative sentence10.祈使句imperative sentence11.省略句elliptical sentence12.感叹句exclamatory sentence四、语气/语态/语序mood/voice/order1.语气mood1)陈述语气indicative mood2)祈使语气imperative mood3)虚拟语气subjunctive mood2.语态voice1)主动语态active voice2)被动语态passive voice3.否定negation1)否定范围scope of negation2)全部否定full negation3)局部否定partial negation4)转移否定shift of negation4.语序order1)自然语序natural order2)倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装full inversionii.部分倒装partial inversion3)直接引语direct speech4)间接引语indirect speech5)自由直接引语free direct speech6)自由间接引语free indirect speech 5.一致agreement1)主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 2)语法一致grammatical agreement3)概念一致notional agreement4)就近原则principle of proximity5)强调emphasis6)重复repetition6.语音pronunciation1)语调tone2)声调rising tone3)降调falling tone4)升降调falling-rising tone7.文本style1)正式文本formal2)非正式文本informal3)口语spoken/oral English4)套语formulistic expression5)英国英语British English6)美国英语American English8.用法usage1)感情色彩emotional coloring2)褒义commendatory3)贬义derogatory4)幽默humorous5)讽刺sarcastic6)挖苦ironic7)词性part of speech8)语法grammar9)句法syntax10)词法morphology11)结构structure12)层次rank13)句子sentence14)从句clause15)词组phrase9.词类part of speech1)单词word2)实词notional word 3)虚词structural word4)单纯词simple word5)派生词derivative6)复合词compound10.句法关系syntactic relationship1)并列coordinate2)从属subordination3)修饰modification4)前置修饰pre-modification5)后置修饰post-modification6)限制restriction7)双重限制double-restriction8)非限制non-restriction五、从句clause1.从属句subordinate clause2.并列句coordinate clause3.名词性从句nominal clause1)主语从句subject clause2)表语从句predicative clause3)宾语从句object clause4)同位语从句appositive clause4.定语从句attributive clause5.宾语从句object clause6.主语从句subject clause7.同位语从句appositive clause8.状语从句adverbial clause1)时间状语从句adverbial clause of time2)地点状语从句adverbial clause of place3)方式状语从句adverbial clause ofmanner4)让步状语从句adverbial clause ofconcession5)原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause6)结果状语从句adverbial clause of result7)目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose8)条件状语从句adverbial clause ofconditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of unreal conditioniii.含蓄条件句adverbial clause ofimplied conditioniv.错综条件句adverbial clause ofmixed condition9)比较状语从句adverbial clause ofcomparison六、时态tense1.现在时present tense1)一般现在时present simple tense2)现在进行时present continuous tense3)现在完成时present perfect tense4)现在完成进行时present perfectcontinuous tense2.过去时past tense1)一般过去时past simple tense2)过去进行时past continuous tense3)过去完成时past perfect tense 4)过去完成进行时past perfect continuoustense3.将来时future tense1)一般将来时future simple tense2)将来进行时future continuous tense3)将来完成时future perfect tense4)将来完成进行时future perfectcontinuous tense4.其他1)一般过去将来时past future tense2)过去将来进行时past future continuoustense3)过去将来完成时past future perfecttense4)过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。

（完整版）英语语法术语中英文对照表英语语法术语中英文对照表语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun 具体名词 concret noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb 助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possesive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possecive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词 article 定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence patern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences 主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate从属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form 格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression 英国英语 British English 美国英语 American English 用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory 贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic挖苦 ironic。

一．词性 part of speech1.名词 noun1)专有名词 proper noun2)普通名词 common noun3)可数名词 countable noun4)不可数名词 uncountable noun5)抽象名词 abstract noun6)具体名词 concrete noun7)物质名词 material noun8)集体名词 collective noun9)个体名词 individual noun2.动词 verb1)及物动词 transitive verb2)不及物动词 intransitive verb3)限定动词 finite verb form4)非限定动词 non-finite verb form5)主动词 main verb6)系动词 link verb7)助动词 auxiliary verb8)情态动词 modal verb 9)规则动词 regular verb10)不规则动词 irregular verb11)短语动词 phrasal verb12)限定动词 finite verb13)非限定动词 infinite verb14)使役动词 causative verb15)感官动词 verb of senses16)动态动词 event verb17)静态动词 state verb18)3.形容词 adjective4.副词 adverb1）方式副词adverb of manner 2）程度副词adverb of degree 3）时间副词adverb of time4）地点副词adverb of place5）修饰性副词 adjunct6）连接性副词 conjunct7）疑问副词 interrogative adverb 8）关系副词 relative adverb5.代词 pronoun1）人称代词 personal pronoun2）物主代词 possessive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 3）反身代词 reflexive pronoun4）指示代词 demonstrative pronoun5）疑问代词 interrogative pronoun6）关系代词 relative pronoun7）不定代词 indefinite pronoun6.冠词 article1）定冠词 definite article2）不定冠词 indefinite article7.数词 numeral1）基数词 cardinal numeral2）序数词 ordinal numeral8.介词 preposition9.连词 conjunction10.感叹词 exclamation一、 数/格/性 number/case/gender 1. 数number1） 单数形式 singular form 2） 复数形式 plural form 3） 规则形式 regular form 4） 不规则形式 irregular form 2. 格case1） 普通格 common case 2） 所有格 possessive case 3） 主格 nominative case 4） 宾格 objective case 3. 性gender 1） 阴性 feminine 2） 阳性 masculine 3） 中性 neuter 4） 通性 common 4. 人称 person 第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称 third person二、 句子成分 members of sentences 1. 主语 subject 2. 谓语 predicate 3. 表语 predicative 4. 宾语 object1） 双宾语 dual object 2） 直接宾语 direct object 3） 间接宾语 indirect object 4） 复合宾语 complex object 5） 同源宾语 cognate object 5. 定语 attribute 6. 状语 adverbial 7. 同位语 appositive 8. 补语 complement1） 主补subject complement 2） 宾补object complement 9. 表语 predicative 10. 定语 attribute 11. 同位语 appositive 12. 状语 adverbial三、 句子sentence (基本句型 basic sentence patern) 1. 简单句 simple sentence 2. 并列句 compound sentence 3. 复合句 complex sentence 4. 并列复合句 compound complex sentence 5. 陈述句 declarative sentence 6. 存在句 existential sentence 7. 疑问句 interrogative sentence 1） 一般疑问句 general question 2） 特殊疑问句 special question 3） 选择疑问句 alternative question 4） 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 5） 附加疑问句 tag question 6） 反义疑问句 disjunctive question 7） 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 8） 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question 8. 肯定句 positive sentence 9. 否定句 negative sentence 10. 祈使句 imperative sentence 11. 省略句 elliptical sentence 12. 感叹句 exclamatory sentence 四、 语气/语态/语序 mood/voice/order 1. 语气mood 1） 陈述语气 indicative mood 2） 祈使语气 imperative mood 3） 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood 2. 语态voice 主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice 3. 否定 negation 否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否定 partial negation 转移否定 shift of negation 4. 语序 order 1） 自然语序 natural order 2） 倒装语序inversion i. 全部倒装 full inversion ii. 部分倒装 partial inversion 3） 直接引语 direct speech 4） 间接引语 indirect speech 5） 自由直接引语 free direct speech 6） 自由间接引语 free indirect speech 5. 一致 agreement 主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement 概念一致 notional agreement 就近原则 principle of proximity 强调 emphasis 重复 repetition6. 语音 pronunciation 语调 tone 升调 rising tone 降调 falling tone 降升调 falling-rising tone7. 文体 style 正式文体 formal 非正式文体 informal 、 口语 spoken/oral English 套语 formulistic expression 英国英语 British English 美国英语 American English8. 用法 usage 感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory 贬义 derogatory 幽默 humorous 讽刺 sarcastic 挖苦 ironic 词性 part of speech 语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 结构 structure 层次 rank 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase9. 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative 复合词compound 10. 句法关系 syntatic relationship 并列 coordinate 从属 subordination 修饰 modification 前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction 双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction 五、 从句clause 1. 从属句 subordinate clause 2. 并列句 coordinate clause 3. 名词性从句 nominal clause 1） 主语从句subject clause 2） 表语从句 predicative clause 3） 宾语从句 object clause 4） 同位语从句appositive clause 4. 定语从句 attributive clause 5. 宾语从句 object clause 6. 主语从句 subject clause 7. 同位语从句 appositive clause 8. 状语从句adverbial clause 1） 时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 2） 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place 3） 方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner 4） 让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession 5） 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause 6） 结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result 7） 目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose 8） 条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition 9） 比较状语从句 adverbial clause of comparison 六、 时态 tense 1. 现在时present tense 1） 一般现在时 present simple tense 2） 现在进行时 present continuous tense 3） 现在完成时 present perfect tense 4） 现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 2. 过去时 past tense 1） 一般过去时past simple tense 2） 过去进行时 past continuous tense 3） 过去完成时 past perfect tense 4） 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense 3. 将来时future tense 1） 一般将来时 future simple tense 2） 将来进行时 future continuous tense 3） 将来完成时 future perfect tense 4） 将来完成进行时 future perfect continuous tense 4. 其他 1） 一般过去将来时past future tense2） 过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense 3） 过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense 4） 过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。

[2] 英语语法术语汇总（中英对照）英语语法术语（中英对照）语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective比较级comparative最高级superalative副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person 第三人称third person。

英语语法术语中英文对照词性parｔｏfspeecｈ1.名词ｎouｎ1)专有名词proｐernoun2)普通名词coｍmonnｏun3)可数名词coｕｎtabｌenouｎ4)不可数名词uｎｃountaｂｌenoun5)抽象名词abstrａｃtnoun6)具体名词cｏnｃretenｏun7)物质名词mａtｅrｉalnoｕn8)集体名词coｌlectiｖenoun9)个体名词inｄiviｄuaｌnoｕｎ2.动词veｒb1)及物动词tranｓｉtivｅverb2)不及物动词ｉnｔrａnsｉtiveverb3)限定动词finiｔevｅrｂｆｏrm4)非限定动词non-finiｔevｅrbｆorm5)主动词maiｎverb6)系动词liｎkverb7)助动词auxiliaryveｒb8)情态动词ｍoｄalｖｅrｂ9)规则动词regularverb10)不规则动词ｉrreguｌａrveｒb11)短语动词phrasalｖerb12)限定动词fiｎiｔｅverb13)非限定动词iｎfinitｅveｒｂ14)使役动词cauｓａtｉvｅverｂ15)感官动词vｅrboｆseｎses16)动态动词eveｎｔveｒｂ17)静态动词ｓtageveｒｂ3.形容词adjeｃtｉve4.副词ａdｖerb1)方式副词adｖerbｏfmanner2)程度副词ａdｖeｒｂoｆdegrｅe3)时间副词adverboｆｔｉｍe4)地点副词adｖeｒｂoｆpｌａce5)修饰性副词ａdｊuｎｃt6)连接性副词coｎjunct7)疑问副词ｉnterｒogａtｉvｅadｖerｂ8)关系副词reｌativeadverb5.代词pronouｎ1)人称代词peｒｓoｎaｌpronoun2)物主代词posｓｅssivｅｐｒonoｕn3)名词性物主代词ｎomｉｎalpossｅssiｖepronｏuｎ4)形容词性物主代词adjectiｖａｌpossｅssivepronoun5)反身代词reｆｌexiｖeｐroｎｏuｎ6)指示代词dｅmonsｔraｔivｅpronoun7)疑问代词intｅrrｏgａtivepronoｕn8)关系代词ｒelaｔiｖepronoun9)不定代词ｉｎdefiｎitepronoun6.冠词arｔicle1)定冠词defiｎiｔeaｒticｌe2)不定冠词iｎdefinitｅａrtｉcｌe7.数词numeｒal1)基数词cａｒｄiｎａｌnｕmerａｌ2)序数词orｄｉｎａｌnuｍeral8.介词ｐｒepositiｏn9.连词ｃonjuｎｃｔion10.感叹词ｅｘclaｍａtion 一、数/格/性number／caｓe/gｅnder1.数ｎｕmbｅr1)单数形式singularform2)复数形式plｕrａlfoｒm3)规则形式rｅgularfｏrｍ4)不规则形式irregulaｒfoｒｍ2.格case1)普通格moｎcase2)所有格possessivecaｓe3)主格ｎｏminａｔｉｖecａsｅ4)宾格objectivecasｅ3.性gender1)阴性femｉnｉnｅ2)阳性ｍasculｉne3)中性nｅｕｔer4)通性mon4.人称persoｎ1)第一人称firｓtpｅrsｏn2)第二人称secoｎdpersoｎ3)第三人称tｈｉrdpersｏn二、句子成分membe ｒｓofｓentｅｎces1.主语subｊect2.谓语ｐｒedｉcate3.表语predicatｉvｅ4.宾语objecｔ1)双宾语dualoｂject2)直接宾语dir ｅctobｊect3)间接宾语indｉreｃtoｂｊect4)复合宾语ｃomｐlexobject5)同源宾语coｇnateｏbｊect5.定语aｔtribuｔe6.状语adｖerbial7.同位语ａpposｉtivｅ8.补语coｍpｌｅｍｅｎt1)主语补足语suｂjectcｏmｐleｍent2)宾语补足语objectplｅment三、句子sentence(基本句型basicseｎtencepａttern)1.简单句ｓimpｌesｅnｔｅｎｃｅ2.并列句cｏmpoｕndｓentence3.复合句ｐｌexseｎtenｃe4.并列复合句cｏmpoundcoｍplexsentｅnｃe5.陈述句declａrativeｓeｎｔenｃe6.存在句eｘistentialｓentence7.疑问句ｉｎtｅrrogａtivｅsentencｅ1)一般疑问句genｅralｑuesｔｉon2)特殊疑问句sｐｅｃｉａlｑuｅsｔion3)选择疑问句alternatiｖequesｔioｎ4)反义疑问句diｓjuｎcｔivequestiｏn5)附加疑问句taｇquｅｓtｉon6)修辞疑问句ｒhetoriｃalquestion7)感叹疑问句ｅxclamatｏrｙqueｓtｉon8.肯定句ｐoｓitivｅsent ｅnce9.否定句neｇaｔiｖeｓｅntenｃe10.祈使句imperａtiｖesｅｎｔｅnｃe11.省略句ellipｔｉcalsentence12.感叹句exclamａtｏryｓｅntenｃe四、语气/语态/语序mood/vｏice/order1.语气ｍooｄ1)陈述语气iｎdicａtivｅm ｏod2)祈使语气imｐerativeｍｏoｄ3)虚拟语气sｕbjuncｔｉvｅmood2.语态v ｏｉｃｅ1)主动语态acｔivevoice2)被动语态passｉvevoｉce3.否定negation1)否定范围ｓｃｏｐeｏfnegatｉon2)全部否定ｆulｌnｅgａtioｎ3)局部否定partｉａlnｅｇatiｏn4)转移否定shiftofｎegatioｎ4.语序orｄer1)自然语序ｎaｔuｒalordeｒ2)倒装语序ｉnverｓiｏni.全部倒装fullinvｅrs ｉoｎii.部分倒装pａrｔialinｖersion3)直接引语directｓpeech4)间接引语iｎdirectspeech5)自由直接引语freeｄｉｒectspｅｅch6)自由间接引语fｒeeinｄｉrectｓpeecｈ5.一致agreemｅnｔ1)主谓一致suｂjｅｃt-pｒedicaｔeagreement2)语法一致ｇrammatｉｃalagrｅeｍeｎt3)概念一致ｎotionalagreeｍｅnt4)就近原则prinｃiplｅoｆpｒoｘiｍity5)强调eｍｐｈａsｉs6)重复repetition6.语音proｎunｃiａtioｎ1)语调tone2)声调risin ｇtｏne3)降调faｌlinｇｔonｅ4)升降调ｆａllinｇ—risingtone7.文本style1)正式文本foｒmaｌ2)非正式文本iｎｆｏｒmal3)口语sｐoken/ｏralE ｎgｌｉsｈ4)套语fｏrmulｉsticexpｒｅssｉｏn5)英国英语BritｉshEｎgｌish6)美国英语ＡmｅricanEnglish8.用法usagｅ1)感情色彩ｅmoｔiｏnalcoｌoｒing2)褒义ｃommｅnｄaｔorｙ3)贬义dｅrｏｇatory4)幽默huｍoｒous5)讽刺saｒcａstｉc6)挖苦irｏnｉｃ7)词性partofspｅeｃh8)语法ｇｒammａｒ9)句法synｔax10)词法morph ｏloｇy11)结构stｒuｃｔure12)层次raｎk13)句子ｓenteｎce14)从句clａｕse15)词组phrase9.词类partofspeｅｃｈ1)单词wｏrd2)实词notioｎａlwｏrd3)虚词stｒucｔｕｒalworｄ4)单纯词ｓｉmpｌeworｄ5)派生词derｉvativ ｅ6)复合词ｐｏund10.句法关系syntactiｃrelatiｏnship1)并列cｏorｄina ｔe2)从属sｕbordinａtioｎ3)修饰ｍoｄifiｃａtiｏｎ4)前置修饰pre—moｄifｉｃation5)后置修饰pｏst－ｍodifｉcation6)限制restricｔion7)双重限制douｂle—restriction8)非限制noｎ—ｒｅｓtrｉcｔion五、从句clａuse1.从属句ｓｕｂordｉnatecｌａｕsｅ2.并列句cｏｏrdｉnateclause3.名词性从句nomiｎaｌclause1)主语从句sｕbｊectclaｕse2)表语从句ｐredicatｉveclauｓe3)宾语从句oｂjecｔclaｕse4)同位语从句aｐpositivｅclause4.定语从句attribuｔiｖeclaｕｓe5.宾语从句objectｃlａuse6.主语从句suｂｊectcｌause7.同位语从句appositｉveclause8.状语从句adveｒbialcｌaｕse1)时间状语从句adｖerbialclaｕseｏftiｍｅ2)地点状语从句adｖerbiａlｃｌauseoｆplaｃe3)方式状语从句ａｄｖerbｉａlclaｕseofmanner4)让步状语从句ａｄverbiaｌclauｓeofcｏncesｓiｏn5)原因状语从句adverbiaｌｃlａｕseoｆcauｓe6)结果状语从句adverbiａｌｃlａuｓeｏfresｕlt7)目得状语从句ａdｖｅrｂialclausｅofpuｒpose8)条件状语从句aｄvｅｒbiａｌclauseｏfcondｉtiｏｎi.真实条件状语从句ａdverｂiａｌclaｕｓｅofrealcｏnｄｉtionii.非真实条件状语从句ａdverbiａlclaｕsｅofuｎrealcｏnditｉoｎiii.含蓄条件句advｅrbiaｌｃlaｕseofimｐliedcondｉtｉｏniv.错综条件句adverbiａｌcｌａuseofmixeｄconditｉon9)比较状语从句aｄverbiaｌｃｌaｕsｅｏｆcｏmpaｒisｏｎ六、时态tense1.现在时prｅsｅnｔtｅnｓｅ1)一般现在时presenｔsimpletense2)现在进行时prｅsenｔcｏntinuousｔenｓe3)现在完成时presentpｅrｆectteｎｓｅ4)现在完成进行时pｒｅｓｅntpｅrｆeｃtcｏntinuoustense2.过去时pasttense1)一般过去时pastｓimpleｔenｓｅ2)过去进行时pａstcontｉｎuousｔense3)过去完成时ｐasｔｐeｒfecttｅnsｅ4)过去完成进行时ｐastperfｅcｔｃｏｎtinuousｔeｎsｅ3.将来时futｕreｔen ｓe1)一般将来时ｆutｕresimpｌetenｓe2)将来进行时futｕreｃoｎtinｕousｔense3)将来完成时futｕrepｅｒfｅcｔｔeｎse4)将来完成进行时fｕtｕrｅperfectcｏntinuousteｎse4.其她1)一般过去将来时pastfutｕreｔeｎse2)过去将来进行时pasｔfｕturecontｉnuoｕｓtｅnｓe3)过去将来完成时pasｔf ｕtureperｆecｔｔenｓe4)过去将来完成进行时paｓtｆutｕrepeｒfectcoｎｔiｎuoustenｓe。

词性part of speech1.名词noun1)专有名词proper noun2)普通名词common noun3)可数名词countable noun4)不可数名词uncountable noun5)抽象名词abstract noun6)具体名词concrete noun7)物质名词material noun8)集体名词collective noun9)个体名词individual noun2.动词verb1)及物动词transitive verb2)不及物动词intransitive verb3)限定动词finite verb form4)非限定动词non-finite verb form5)主动词main verb6)系动词link verb7)助动词auxiliary verb8)情态动词modal verb9)规则动词regular verb10)不规则动词irregular verb11)短语动词phrasal verb12)限定动词finite verb13)非限定动词infinite verb14)使役动词causative verb15)感官动词verb of senses16)动态动词event verb17)静态动词stage verb3.形容词adjective4.副词adverb1)方式副词adverb of manner2)程度副词adverb of degree3)时间副词adverb of time4)地点副词adverb of place5)修饰性副词adjunct6)连接性副词conjunct7)疑问副词interrogative adverb8)关系副词relative adverb5.代词pronoun1)人称代词personal pronoun2)物主代词possessive pronoun3)名词性物主代词nominal possessivepronoun4)形容词性物主代词adjectival possessivepronoun5)反身代词reflexive pronoun6)指示代词demonstrative pronoun7)疑问代词interrogative pronoun8)关系代词relative pronoun9)不定代词indefinite pronoun6.冠词article1)定冠词definite article2)不定冠词indefinite article7.数词numeral1)基数词cardinal numeral2)序数词ordinal numeral8.介词preposition9.连词conjunction10.感叹词exclamation一、数/格/性number/case/gender1.数number1)单数形式singular form2)复数形式plural form3)规则形式regular form4)不规则形式irregular form 2.格case1)普通格common case2)所有格possessive case3)主格nominative case4)宾格objective case 3.性gender1)阴性feminine2)阳性masculine3)中性neuter4)通性common4.人称person1)第一人称first person2)第二人称second person3)第三人称third person二、句子成分members of sentences1.主语subject2.谓语predicate3.表语predicative4.宾语object1)双宾语dual object2)直接宾语direct object3)间接宾语indirect object4)复合宾语complex object5)同源宾语cognate object 5.定语attribute6.状语adverbial7.同位语appositive8.补语complement1)主语补足语subject complement2)宾语补足语object complement三、句子sentence （基本句型basic sentence pattern）1.简单句simple sentence2.并列句compound sentence3.复合句complex sentence4.并列复合句compound complexsentence5.陈述句declarative sentence6.存在句existential sentence7.疑问句interrogative sentence1)一般疑问句general question2)特殊疑问句special question 3)选择疑问句alternative question4)反义疑问句disjunctive question5)附加疑问句tag question6)修辞疑问句rhetorical question7)感叹疑问句exclamatory question8.肯定句positive sentence9.否定句negative sentence10.祈使句imperative sentence11.省略句elliptical sentence12.感叹句exclamatory sentence四、语气/语态/语序mood/voice/order1.语气mood1)陈述语气indicative mood2)祈使语气imperative mood3)虚拟语气subjunctive mood2.语态voice1)主动语态active voice2)被动语态passive voice3.否定negation1)否定范围scope of negation2)全部否定full negation3)局部否定partial negation4)转移否定shift of negation4.语序order1)自然语序natural order2)倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装full inversionii.部分倒装partial inversion3)直接引语direct speech4)间接引语indirect speech5)自由直接引语free direct speech6)自由间接引语free indirect speech 5.一致agreement1)主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 2)语法一致grammatical agreement3)概念一致notional agreement4)就近原则principle of proximity5)强调emphasis6)重复repetition6.语音pronunciation1)语调tone2)声调rising tone3)降调falling tone4)升降调falling-rising tone7.文本style1)正式文本formal2)非正式文本informal3)口语spoken/oral English4)套语formulistic expression5)英国英语British English6)美国英语American English8.用法usage1)感情色彩emotional coloring2)褒义commendatory3)贬义derogatory4)幽默humorous5)讽刺sarcastic6)挖苦ironic7)词性part of speech8)语法grammar9)句法syntax10)词法morphology11)结构structure12)层次rank13)句子sentence14)从句clause15)词组phrase9.词类part of speech1)单词word2)实词notional word 3)虚词structural word4)单纯词simple word5)派生词derivative6)复合词compound10.句法关系syntactic relationship1)并列coordinate2)从属subordination3)修饰modification4)前置修饰pre-modification5)后置修饰post-modification6)限制restriction7)双重限制double-restriction8)非限制non-restriction五、从句clause1.从属句subordinate clause2.并列句coordinate clause3.名词性从句nominal clause1)主语从句subject clause2)表语从句predicative clause3)宾语从句object clause4)同位语从句appositive clause4.定语从句attributive clause5.宾语从句object clause6.主语从句subject clause7.同位语从句appositive clause8.状语从句adverbial clause1)时间状语从句adverbial clause of time2)地点状语从句adverbial clause of place3)方式状语从句adverbial clause ofmanner4)让步状语从句adverbial clause ofconcession5)原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause6)结果状语从句adverbial clause of result7)目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose8)条件状语从句adverbial clause ofconditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of unreal conditioniii.含蓄条件句adverbial clause ofimplied conditioniv.错综条件句adverbial clause ofmixed condition9)比较状语从句adverbial clause ofcomparison六、时态tense1.现在时present tense1)一般现在时present simple tense2)现在进行时present continuous tense3)现在完成时present perfect tense4)现在完成进行时present perfectcontinuous tense2.过去时past tense1)一般过去时past simple tense2)过去进行时past continuous tense3)过去完成时past perfect tense 4)过去完成进行时past perfect continuoustense3.将来时future tense1)一般将来时future simple tense2)将来进行时future continuous tense3)将来完成时future perfect tense4)将来完成进行时future perfectcontinuous tense4.其他1)一般过去将来时past future tense2)过去将来进行时past future continuoustense3)过去将来完成时past future perfecttense4)过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。

英语语法术语中英文对照词性part of speech1.名词noun1)专有名词proper noun2)普通名词common noun3)可数名词countable noun4)不可数名词uncountable noun5)抽象名词abstract noun6)具体名词concrete noun7)物质名词material noun8)集体名词collective noun9)个体名词individual noun2.动词verb1)及物动词transitive verb2)不及物动词intransitive verb3)限定动词finite verb form4)非限定动词non-finite verb form5)主动词main verb6)系动词link verb7)助动词auxiliary verb8)情态动词modal verb9)规则动词regular verb10)不规则动词irregular verb11)短语动词phrasal verb12)限定动词finite verb13)非限定动词infinite verb14)使役动词causative verb15)感官动词verb of senses16)动态动词event verb17)静态动词stage verb3.形容词adjective4.副词adverb1)方式副词adverb of manner2)程度副词adverb of degree3)时间副词adverb of time4)地点副词adverb of place5)修饰性副词adjunct6)连接性副词conjunct7)疑问副词interrogative adverb8)关系副词relative adverb5.代词pronoun1)人称代词personal pronoun2)物主代词possessive pronoun3)名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun4)形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun5)反身代词reflexive pronoun6)指示代词demonstrative pronoun7)疑问代词interrogative pronoun8)关系代词relative pronoun9)不定代词indefinite pronoun6.冠词article1)定冠词definite article2)不定冠词indefinite article7.数词numeral1)基数词cardinal numeral2)序数词ordinal numeral8.介词preposition9.连词conjunction10.感叹词exclamation一、数/格/性number/case/gender1.数number1)单数形式singular form2)复数形式plural form3)规则形式regular form4)不规则形式irregular form 2.格case1)普通格common case2)所有格possessive case3)主格nominative case4)宾格objective case 3.性gender1)阴性feminine2)阳性masculine3)中性neuter4)通性common4.人称person1)第一人称first person2)第二人称second person3)第三人称third person二、句子成分members of sentences1.主语subject2.谓语predicate3.表语predicative4.宾语object1)双宾语dual object2)直接宾语direct object3)间接宾语indirect object4)复合宾语complex object5)同源宾语cognate object 5.定语attribute6.状语adverbial7.同位语appositive8.补语complement1)主语补足语subject complement2)宾语补足语object complement三、句子sentence （基本句型basic sentence pattern）1.简单句simple sentence2.并列句compound sentence3.复合句complex sentence4.并列复合句compound complexsentence5.陈述句declarative sentence6.存在句existential sentence7.疑问句interrogative sentence1)一般疑问句general question2)特殊疑问句special question 3)选择疑问句alternative question4)反义疑问句disjunctive question5)附加疑问句tag question6)修辞疑问句rhetorical question7)感叹疑问句exclamatory question8.肯定句positive sentence9.否定句negative sentence10.祈使句imperative sentence11.省略句elliptical sentence12.感叹句exclamatory sentence四、语气/语态/语序mood/voice/order1.语气mood1)陈述语气indicative mood2)祈使语气imperative mood3)虚拟语气subjunctive mood2.语态voice1)主动语态active voice2)被动语态passive voice3.否定negation1)否定范围scope of negation2)全部否定full negation3)局部否定partial negation4)转移否定shift of negation4.语序order1)自然语序natural order2)倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装full inversionii.部分倒装partial inversion3)直接引语direct speech4)间接引语indirect speech5)自由直接引语free direct speech6)自由间接引语free indirect speech 5.一致agreement1)主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 2)语法一致grammatical agreement3)概念一致notional agreement4)就近原则principle of proximity5)强调emphasis6)重复repetition6.语音pronunciation1)语调tone2)声调rising tone3)降调falling tone4)升降调falling-rising tone7.文本style1)正式文本formal2)非正式文本informal3)口语spoken/oral English4)套语formulistic expression5)英国英语British English6)美国英语American English8.用法usage1)感情色彩emotional coloring2)褒义commendatory3)贬义derogatory4)幽默humorous5)讽刺sarcastic6)挖苦ironic7)词性part of speech8)语法grammar9)句法syntax10)词法morphology11)结构structure12)层次rank13)句子sentence14)从句clause15)词组phrase9.词类part of speech1)单词word2)实词notional word 3)虚词structural word4)单纯词simple word5)派生词derivative6)复合词compound10.句法关系syntactic relationship1)并列coordinate2)从属subordination3)修饰modification4)前置修饰pre-modification5)后置修饰post-modification6)限制restriction7)双重限制double-restriction8)非限制non-restriction五、从句clause1.从属句subordinate clause2.并列句coordinate clause3.名词性从句nominal clause1)主语从句subject clause2)表语从句predicative clause3)宾语从句object clause4)同位语从句appositive clause4.定语从句attributive clause5.宾语从句object clause6.主语从句subject clause7.同位语从句appositive clause8.状语从句adverbial clause1)时间状语从句adverbial clause of time2)地点状语从句adverbial clause of place3)方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner4)让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession5)原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause6)结果状语从句adverbial clause of result7)目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose8)条件状语从句adverbial clause ofconditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of unreal conditioniii.含蓄条件句adverbial clause ofimplied conditioniv.错综条件句adverbial clause ofmixed condition9)比较状语从句adverbial clause ofcomparison六、时态tense1.现在时present tense1)一般现在时present simple tense2)现在进行时present continuous tense3)现在完成时present perfect tense4)现在完成进行时present perfectcontinuous tense2.过去时past tense1)一般过去时past simple tense2)过去进行时past continuous tense3)过去完成时past perfect tense 4)过去完成进行时past perfect continuoustense3.将来时future tense1)一般将来时future simple tense2)将来进行时future continuous tense3)将来完成时future perfect tense4)将来完成进行时future perfectcontinuous tense4.其他1)一般过去将来时past future tense2)过去将来进行时past future continuous tense3)过去将来完成时past future perfect tense4)过去将来完成进行时past future perfect continuous tense。