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2021新高考英语苏高中形容词副词复习讲义一．形容词1.定义为了使语言生动、准确，在对人、物、场景等进行描述时，往往要用一些修饰词，这些修饰词被称为形容词。
2.高考考点修饰名词、代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征或所处状态。
1)形容词修饰名词，放在所修饰的名词之前，用作前置定语。
It is a beautiful rose.※在下列几种情况下，形容词修饰名词时，形容词须后置，用作后置定语。
a.当不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing, everybody, anybody被形容词修饰时Is there anything wrong with your glasses?b.当名词被最高级、all、every、only、the few修饰，同时被-ible/-able/a-类形容词修饰时I have tried all methods imaginable.He is the greatest man alive.2) 形容词用作表语，放在系动词be, grow, get, become, feel, appear, prove, seem, look, keep, smell, taste, sound, turn, remain之后。
The bedroom is clean.The weather is getting warmer and warmer.3) 形容词用作宾语补足语The news made me crazy.I find it interesting to chat with a child.4) 形容词后若跟动词，一般用动词不定式，且主被动含义都用to do。
Tommy was sad to gety the news.The book is easy to read.5) 与定冠词the一起表示某一类人或物，在句中作主语或宾语。
三言两语1.Qianmen Street ，with a history of 600 years ，is 800 meters in length ，along which there are more than 300 shops.2．Canada ，which is the secondlargest country in the world ，covers an area of 9.97 million square kilometers.3．Firstly ，I'd like to tell you something about the weather in my city ，which is often windy and very cold in winter.1.这个村庄坐落在东海之滨，有着300多年的历史，20万人口。
The village ，located_on the East Sea ，has a history of more than 300 years and a population of 200,000.2．我们的实验楼在学校中心。
在它的前面有一座美丽的花园。
我们的教学楼就在它的后边。
Our lab building is_in_the_centre_of the school.There is a beautiful garden in front of it and our classroombuilding is right behind it.[单词 拼写应用]核心单词1．straight adj .直的 ad v .直，直接2．painter n ．画家；油漆匠3．shade n ．(色彩的)浓淡；阴影4．sweat n ．汗5．youth n ．青春；年轻人6．religious adj .宗教的；虔诚的7．creature n ．动物；(有特性或特质的)人8．shallow adj .浅的9．emphasise v t.强调10．feature n．特征，特色11．ruin v t.毁坏，毁灭12．purpose n．目的，意图13．abstract adj.抽象的，深奥的14．downtown ad v.在市区，往市区adj.市区的15．fold n．皱褶16．detail n．细节，详情[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式或汉语提示填空。
专题六并列句和状语从句◆并列句的考察要点1．并列句的根本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。
在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。
并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
2．常见的并列连词(1)表示递进或顺承关系：常用的并列连词有and，not only...but(also)．..等。
He had plenty of money and he spent it freely.Not only did he speak more correctly，but also he spoke more easily.(2)表示选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either...or...等。
Either you are right，or I am.(3)表示转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas等。
Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.Some of the studies show positive results，whereas others do not.(4)表示因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for等。
It must have rained last night，for it is wet all over.The shops were closed，so I didn't get any milk.(5)when还可用作并列连词，意为“那时，这时〞，相当于and at this/that time。
常用于以下句式：①sb.was doing sth.when...；②sb.was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...；③sb.had just done sth.when...。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.(6)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却〞，表示比照。
第2讲形容词、副词和比较级[全国卷考情分析]题型典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded bynoting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to theillusion(错觉) that populations are higher (high)than they actually are.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out aglobal population of polar bears as much of therange has been poorly_(poor) studied; however,biologists calculate that there are about 20,000－25,000 polar bears worldwide.3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work havefinally(final)been acknowledged after a customernominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman OfThe Year.4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with usmany traditional stories about Hawaii that werehugely (huge)popular with tourists.1.考查形容词或副词比较等级的用法；2．考查词类转换。
考点一形容词和副词的基本用法[题组试做]单句语法填空1．(2019·东北三省四市二模)Uber said its flying vehicles would be much ________(quiet)，cost less to operate and produce less pollution than helicopters.quieter[考查形容词的比较级。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher (high) than they actually are.解析：根据句中的than可知，此处应用形容词比较级。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer (long) than non-runners.解析：根据空后的than和语境可知，此处应该使用副词比较级形式，故填longer。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the loudest (loud) of all.解析：根据空前的the以及空后的of all可知此处应用副词最高级。
4．(2018·浙江卷)There could be an even higher (high) cost on your health.解析：此处表示这么做可能还会让你付出更高的健康代价。
根据even可判断，此处要用形容词的比较级。
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.解析：根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用副词比较级形式，even worse表示“更糟糕的是”。
第二节形容词和副词(对应学生用书第230页)考点一形容词和副词的基本用法及比较等级一、形容词的基本用法1．形容词作定语(1)一般情况下，形容词作定语放在被修饰词前。
但在下列情况下，形容词要放在被修饰词的后面。
①形容词作定语修饰some，any，every，no和body, thing，one等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。
—Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad. 鲍勃，有什么不对吗？你看上去闷闷不乐。
—Oh, nothing much. In fact, I was just thinking of my friends.噢，没什么，其实我只是在想念我的朋友们。
②以－able或－ible结尾的形容词可置于前有形容词最高级或only等词修饰的名词后面。
This is the only solution possible.这是唯一可行的解决方法。
(2)有些形容词作前置定语和后置定语意义不同。
①the present people 现在的人们；the people present 在场的人们②the absent students心不在焉的学生；the students absent 缺席的学生③the concerned teachers 忧心忡忡的老师们；the teachers concerned(与……)有关的老师们(3)多个形容词作定语的排列顺序。
请记住以下口诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。
all these last few days 最近的这些日子some beautiful little red flowers一些美丽的小红花an old brown woolen carpet一件旧的棕色羊毛地毯2．形容词作状语形容词作状语时表示伴随或结果，并不表示动作的方式。
He returned home after the heavy work，cold and hungry.劳累了一天后他回到了家，又冷又饿。
考点(kǎo diǎn)07 形容词和副词形容词和副词在高考试题中始终占很重要的地位(dìwèi)。
近几年高考对形容词和副词的考查具有“淡化语法、注重深层语义”的特点，以形容词和副词辨析为热点，同时(tóngshí)也加强(jiāqiáng)对形容词和副词比较等级(děngjí)的考查及其之间的相互转化。
其考点主要包括：1.考查形容词和副词词义辨析。
2.考查形容词修饰名词时的词序，即指示代词/不定代词＋数词(序数词、基数词)＋描绘性形容词＋特征性形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)＋颜色形容词＋国籍、出处＋物质、材料＋用途、类别＋中心名词。
3．考查形容词和副词的比较等级及其常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置；形容词和副词之间的转换；名词转换为形容词等。
4．考查与形容词和副词有关的习语结构。
5. 对与形容词和副词有关的构词法的考查仍会成为语法填空的重点之一。
一、平级比较1. ＂as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as＂表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
☞It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
2. ＂as＋形容词/副词(fùcí)的原级＋as＂与＂not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度(chéngdù)上相同(不同)。
☞The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作(gōngzuò)不是像你想像的那么难。
二、比较级1. 比较级的修饰语有: rather, much，still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot，a bit, a little, a great deal等。
形容词和副词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher (high) than they actually are.解析：根据句中的than可知，此处应用形容词比较级。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer (long) than nonrunners.解析：根据空后的than和语境可知，此处应该使用副词比较级形式，故填longer。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the loudest (loud) of all.解析：根据空前的the以及空后的of all可知此处应用副词最高级。
4．(2018·浙江卷)There could be an even higher (high) cost on your health.解析：此处表示这么做可能还会让你付出更高的健康代价。
根据even可判断，此处要用形容词的比较级。
5．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As a result, people will eat more fo od to try to make up for that something missing.Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.解析：根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用副词比较级形式，even worse表示“更糟糕的是”。
形容词是英语中较为复杂的一种词类，涉及的面比较广。
同时形容词的形式变化灵活，如有原级、比较级和最高级等，而且用法比较复杂。
备考2021年高考，应注意以下几点：形容词的辨析，形容词的原级、比较级和最高级，以及一些特别重要的固定句型结构，同时要注意多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序等。
高考中对于副词的考查不是单纯地进行语法要点的考查，而是要通过具体的语境来进行分析和判断。
2021年高考对于副词的考查主要会出现在：副词的近义词的辨析；关于副词的原级、比较级和最高级的句型；同根不同形的副词；常考副词的辨析；比较级前的修饰语等。
形容词和副词主要以单项选择、语法填空、短文改错形式进行考查，考查的主要形式是形容词和副词之间的相互转化。
一、形容词、副词的比较等级 1.形容词或副词的as ...as 结构两者相比，当A=B 时，用“as+adj/adv.原级+as ”来表示。
如： Jack runs as fast as Tom.双方相比，当A≠B ，或指A 的程度较低时，用“not as/so+adj. /adv.原级+as ”表示。
如： He does not work as/so hard as his sister. 2.形容词或副词的比较级+than当双方比较，A>B 时，用“比较级+than ”结构。
当A 不及B 的程度时，用“less+adj. /adv.原级+than ”的结构。
如： Health is better than wealth.3.表示双方相比，一方超过另一方，并强调超出的程度和数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如：even ，much ，very much ，still ，any ，a lot ，a bit ，a little ，far ，yet ，by far ，a great deal ，twice ，three times ，rather ，slightly 等，而very ，quite ，so ，fairly 等词不可修饰形容词或副词的比较级。
专题六 形容词和副词考点1 形容词的基本用法形容词作宾语补足语★★☆典例1 [2019江西南昌三模,61]From news articles and recipes to yoga classes, you can find almost everything on the Internet. Many people find this way of life more (convenience).句意:从新闻文章、食谱到瑜伽课,你几乎可以在网上找到所有的东西。
很多人觉得这种生活方式更方便。
此处是"find+宾语+宾补"结构,此处的宾补由形容词充当,所以填convenient。
convenient考点2 副词的基本用法副词的语法功能★★☆典例2 [2019四川成都一诊,62]As simple as the name suggests, Walking Football is (definite)just playing football at walking pace.句意:顾名思义,"步行足球" 当然就是以步行的速度踢足球。
分析句子结构可知,空处修饰副词just,故应用definite的副词形式。
definitely常见的修饰或连接句子的副词★★☆典例3 [2020江西南昌重点中学段考,63]Walking at a pace of 4 mph burns around 300 calories per hour. (consequent), power walking, in addition to a healthy diet, helps manage your weight.根据语境可知,空处前后句表示因果关系;分析句子结构可知,空处在句首,修饰整个句子,作状语, 故用所给词的副词形式。
该空位于句首,首字母应大写。
Consequently典例4 [2020广东六校联考,68] (amazing), it has been proved that if drunk regularly, white tea will greatly benefit people’s physical and mental health.分析句子结构可知,空处位于句首修饰整个句子,作状语,故用所给词的副词形式;该空位于句首,首字母应该大写。
Amazingly在此为评注性副词,表示说话人的情感。
Amazingly考点3 形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则★★★典例5 [2019河南洛阳二模,65]She (far) explained although this woman was old and bedridden(卧床不起的), she was still a lady, and the old deserved to be treated with respect.句意:她进一步解释道,尽管这个女人年迈且卧床不起,可她仍然是一位女士,而且老年人应该受到尊重。
此处表示"进一步解释",指程度,应用far的比较级further。
further比较级★★★典例6 [2019安徽黄山八校联考,68]If you are a beginner, it is much (safe) to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the stormy season.根据语境可知,此处表示"加入一个团体就安全得多",题干中虽然没有than,但是暗含比较,再结合空前的副词much可判断出,此处应用形容词的比较级。
故填safer。
safer典例7 [2019湖南三湘名校第一次大联考,62]During an interview, Professor Hawking warned that AI(人工智能) would soon reach a level where it would be a "new form of life" that would perform (well) than humans.此处表示比人类表现得更出色。
根据语境及空后的than可知,空处应填比较级,well的比较级是better。
better最高级★★★典例8 [2019山东日照高三期中,62]Shenquan Guyu, a large-scale health and leisure village club, is one of the (large)hot spring bases in North China.语境表示"神泉古域"是华北地区最大的温泉基地之一。
根据空前的"one of the"和空后表示比较范围的"inNorth China"可知,此处要用形容词最高级largest。
largest考法1 考查词性转换典例9 [2019全国Ⅲ,67 & 68]They also shared with us many (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with tourists.句意:他们还跟我们分享了许多有关夏威夷的传统故事,这些故事深受游客喜爱。
第一空修饰名词stories,应用tradition的形容词形式traditional;第二空修饰形容词popular,应用huge的副词形式hugely。
traditional; hugely考法总结 本题考查形容词和副词的构词法。
应先确定空处所填词的词性,再将所给词转换为相应的形容词或副词。
考法2 考查形容词和副词的比较等级典例10 [2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ),61]If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of (great) and less importance.句意:如果工作中的责任让你焦虑不安,你应该后退一步,识别那些更重要和次要的责任。
根据语境及下文的"andless importance"可知,此处应用形容词的比较级来修饰importance,故填greater。
greater考法总结 这道题没有给出明显的比较对象,但根据空后的"less"可判断此处应用比较级。
难点2 同根副词加-ly和不加-ly典例11 [2019山东淄博二模,64]Added to UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2010, acupuncture(针灸) and moxibustion(艾灸) have been (wide) practiced in China for thousands of years.句意:针灸和艾灸在中国已经被广泛应用数千年,2010年,它们被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。
修饰动词practiced应用副词,再结合语境可知,此处表示"广泛地",故用副词widely。
widely方法1 牢记词形变化,准确判断形式典例12 [2015新课标全国Ⅰ,69]Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people...考查副词。
本空修饰动词arranges,应用regular的副词形式。
regularly方法2 扩大词汇量,准确辨析词义典例13 [2019安徽黄山高三八校联考,64]"Storm chasing" is becoming (increase) popular, especiallyin the Midwest of the United States.此处表示"风暴追逐"变得越来越受欢迎。
空处在句中修饰形容词popular,应用副词,increasingly表示"越来越多地,不断增加地"。
increasingly方法3 体会语境深层含义,正确使用比较级和最高级典例14 —Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic?—Yes.You can’t hope for a (nice) day at this time of year.句意:——你认为这天气好到能进行野餐了吗?——是的。
在一年中的这个时候,你不能期望(比这)更好的天气。
比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义。
nicer1.[2019全国Ⅱ,70] But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s (wonder)."2.[2019浙江6月,60]When the children are walking or (cycling) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can (easy) see them.3.[2018全国Ⅰ,61]According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non-runners.4.[2018全国Ⅰ,69]Running is cheap, easy and it’s always (energy).5.[2018全国Ⅲ,63]He screams the (loud) of all.6.[2018浙江11月,58] (recent), caffeine has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks.7.[2018浙江6月,62]The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be (afford) but doing this most days adds up.8.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),66]...it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smokeand noise.9.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),70]The Central London Railway was one of the most (success) of these new lines,and was opened in 1900.10.[2017江苏,29]Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death, smart phones defeated (convention) PCsin sales.11.[2017江苏,34]The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But (alternate) explanations are hard to find.12.[2017浙江6月,60]Sixteen years (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.13.[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ),63]From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.14.[2016浙江6月,13]A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, (especial) if you are travelling at high speed.15.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错]I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. 16.[2016乙卷(全国Ⅰ)改错]Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. 17.[2015新课标全国Ⅰ改错]Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. 1.wonderful 分析句子结构可知,空处所填词在句中作表语,故应填wonder的形容词形式。
