阅读理解专项训练之推理判断题(2019年模拟题真题中精选习题)

2019年中考英语阅读理解推理判断题练习(名师精选真题实战训练+答案，值得下载练习)【知识点精讲】推理判断题是每年中考的必考题型之一，也是英语阅读理解中难度较大的题型，属于深层理解题。

它要求学生对文章中的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推论出蕴含在文章中却没有明说的事实及暗示的含义，即英语中所说的“read between the lines”。

因此，学生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理，在已知和未知信息之间搭起桥梁，透过字里行间，体会“弦外之音”，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。

一、推理判断题出题方式【设题类型】1. 细节推理：直接推理，正确选项是由文中的某处具体信息直接推倒出来的。

2. 归纳推理：需要就文中所提供的多处信息进行归纳综合，推导出新的结论。

【推理判断题设问形式】1. Which of the following is (not) mentioned in the paragraph?2. What can we infer from the last sentence?3. What do you think would happen (to …) at the end of the story?4. We can learn from the last par agraph that _________.5. We can infer from the passage that __________.6. From this passage, we can infer that __________.7. From the passage, we know that __________.8. The writer believes that ___________.二、4招巧解推理判断题第1招：根据题干中的关键词在原文中定位某些推理判断题往往也针对文中的事实或细节而设置，因此也可以根据题干中的人1物、地点、时间、陈述对象等关键词语在原文中定位，然后根据原文内容进行正确的推理和判断。

2019年中考英语阅读理解专题辅导03：推理判断题考前训练（一）2018•盐城中考（节选）Helping others is a great thing to do, You can learn new things and have fun. You can help people, animals or the environment. It can make you feel good too! How can you help?Charities are organizations that help others, for example, UNICEF or the World Wildlife Fund, You can help charities by giving your time, giving money or giving things that you own. You can also help people or places you know.VolunteeringVolunteering is when you give your time to help others. Some ways of volunteering are:visiting old people to talk to them or help themwalking dogs at an animal sheltercleaning up a parkFund-raisingFund-raising is when you collect money to help others. Some ways of fund-raising are:making cakes or biscuits to selldoing a sponsored(赞助)activity, For example, family and friends give you money if you finish a long walk.DonatingDonating is when you give your things to help others. Some ways of donating are: giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick children or poor people.giving your old books to a library.So, what can you do to help others?Helping others is a great thing to do, You can learn new things and have fun. You can help people, animals or the environment. It can make you feel good too! How can you help?Charities are organizations that help others, for example, UNICEF or the World Wildlife Fund, You can help charities by giving your time, giving money or giving things that you own. You can also help people or places you know.VolunteeringVolunteering is when you give your time to help others. Some ways of volunteering are:visiting old people to talk to them or help themwalking dogs at an animal sheltercleaning up a parkFund-raisingFund-raising is when you collect money to help others. Some ways of fund-raising are:making cakes or biscuits to selldoing a sponsored(赞助)activity, For example, family and friends give you money if you finish a long walk.DonatingDonating is when you give your things to help others. Some ways of donating are: giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick children or poor people.giving your old books to a library.So, what can you do to help others?( )1．Which organization is mentioned in the passage?A．ORBIS.B．Oxfam.C．WWF.D．WTO.( )2．Which of the following is a good way to raise money for a charity?A．Visiting a sick child.B．Doing a sponsored walk.C．Cleaning up a library.D．Talking with old people.( )3．What does an animal shelter probably refer to?A．A house to protect animals from rain.B．A building to keep animals on display.C．A home for large and dangerous animal.D．A place for poor and homeless animals.( )4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A．To show ways of helping others.B．To share personal experiences.C．To explain reasons for donations.D．To introduce some organizations.( )5．Where does the passage probably come from?A．A magazine.B．A story book.C．A travelling guide.D．A science fiction.【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A【分析】本文主要介绍帮助别人是件了不起的事，你可以学到新东西，过得开心。

高考语文复习：逻辑推断专项训练题（附答案解析）1．下面文段有三处推断存在问题，请参考①的方式，说明另外两处的问题。

很多父母在发现孩子的错误后控制不住自己的情绪，忍不住打骂孩子。

其实，这种简单粗暴的教育方式不仅解决不了问题，还必定使孩子疏远父母。

父母如果能控制好自己的情绪，和孩子一起分析错误产生的原因，认识错误，就能让他们改正错误，从而确保孩子一生不走弯路。

①简单粗暴的教育方式并不一定会使孩子疏远父母。

②________________________。

③________________________。

【答案】和孩子一起分析错误、认识错误不一定能使他们改正错误。

让孩子改正错误并不一定能确保孩子一生不走弯路。

【解析】试题分析：注意文段中表意绝对的句子“认识错误，就能让他们改正错误”“确保孩子一生不走弯路”。

2．下面文段有三处推断存在问题，请参照①的方式，说明另外两处问题。

拆迁在短时间内极大提高了城市的清洁程度、美化程度，解决了交通拥堵的现象，因此，我们要大力推进拆迁工作，加快拆迁进程，为老百姓营造一个公正廉明的政治环境。

①拆迁在短时间内未必能够提高城市的清洁度和美化度。

②___________。

③__________。

【答案】拆迁未必能解决交通拥堵的现象拆迁未必能营造公正廉明的政治环境。

3．下面文段有三处推断存在问题，请参考①的方式，说明另外两处问题。

进入高三，学生都将面临高考复习备考的高效问题。

需要强调的是，最好按老师的要求来复习备考，如果不按老师的要求复习备考，又怎么能制定好自己的学习计划，合理地安排时间？而安排好时间，必将提高做题效率，高考中也就更可能考出理想的成绩。

①进入高三，学生不一定都将面临高考复习备考的高效问题。

②__________________________________________________________________。

③__________________________________________________________________。

新高考新题型——语文高中语文逻辑推断专项练习附答案一、高中语文逻辑推断1．下面文段有三处推断存在问题,请参照①的方式,说明另外两处问题。

“爆竹声声除旧岁”,说的是欢度春节时的传统习俗。

春节燃放烟花爆竹虽然喜庆,但会带来空气、噪声等环境污染问题,还可能引发火灾,一旦引发火灾,势必造成人身伤亡和财产损失。

现在很多城市已经限制燃放烟花爆竹,这样就可以避免发生火灾,而且只要限制燃放,就能避免环境污染,让空气新鲜,环境优美。

①火灾不一定会造成人身伤亡和财产损失。

②________。

③________。

2．下列文段中有三处推理不符合逻辑，请仿照①的句式，说明另外两处。

写作水平要想提升，要从锤炼语言和巧用修辞入手。

写文章要养成咬文嚼字的习惯，语言的锤炼实际是思想的锤炼。

语言精炼了，思想内容就一定会清晰。

想文章生动，巧用修辞是必然。

一位写手如果修辞能够得心应手，他写出的文章就一定有深度，一定是文质兼美的好文章。

①语言精炼了，思想内容不一定会清晰。

②________。

③________。

3．下面文字有三处推断存在问题，请参照①的方式，说明另外两处问题。

共享单车让短途出行更加方便，有了它，大家都不用再挤地铁或公交了。

共享单车减少了汽车的使用量，让我们的生活变得更加绿色环保，有了它，就不会再有空气污染。

在满足人们安全、快捷、舒适出行的同时，共享单车还成为治疗城市拥堵“癌症”的一剂猛药，有了它，城市特别是大城市的交通拥堵消失了。

①有了它，大家不一定不用再挤地铁或公交。

②________③________4．下面文段有三处推断存在问题，请参照示例方式，说明另外两处问题。

我们不该允许人们不受约束地上网。

因为接下来他们就会经常光顾不健康的网站，用不了多久，我们社会的整个道徳结构就会土崩瓦解，那时候，人类将退化成禽兽。

示例:我们允许人们不受约束地上网，他们也不一定就会光顾不健康的网站。

（1）________（2）________5．下面文段有三处推断存在问题，请参考①的方式，说明另外两处问题。

2019年高考英语阅读理解推理判断专项突破(名师精选全国真题+详细解析答案，值得下载打印练习)(加彩的题目为推理判断题，本卷限时22分钟)AHarry Potter lovers around the world may want to thank Alice Newton.She was eight years old when her father brought home a manuscript for her to read.At the time, he was working for Bloomsbury Publishing.After reading the manuscript, Alice wrote a note to her father: “The excitement in this book made me feel warm inside，” she wrote.“I think it is probably one of the best books an 8­ or 9­year­old could read.”Based on part of Ali ce’s comments, Bloomsbury went on to publish Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone.Alice’s note to her father is part of the British Library’s new exhibition, “Harry Potter: A History of Magic.” It celebrates the 20th anniversary of the publication of J．K.Rowling’s first book about Harry and his friends at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.When Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone was released in 1997, Bloomsbury sent just 500 copies to stores in Britain and another 500 copies to British libraries.Now, Harry and his friends are known worldwide.The exhibit at the British Library in February includes Rowling’s outline for her books, her artwork of its characters and a map of the Hogwarts School.It also includes early versions of Rowling’s b ooks that were rejected by other publishers.The show has two rooms.They are divided up based on the subjects offered at Hogwarts.Areas include Potions, Herbology, Care of Magical Creatures and Defense Against the Dark Arts.Each area describes the stories and beliefs that Rowling included in her books.Included in the exhibition are discussions of alchemy, the European traditions that led tomodern chemistry, and the Ripley Scroll —a six-meter-long document from the 1500s.It describes how to make a Philos opher’s Stone.The British Library has already sold about 30,000 tickets to the exhibit —the most advance tickets ever sold for a British Library exhibition.The show closes on February 28.It will then travel to New York for the 20th anniversary of the release of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone, the book’s title in the United States.语篇解读：多亏了Alice写给她父亲的便条，罗琳的书才能得以出版，现在这张便条也在大英图书馆最新展览“哈利波特的非凡历史”中展出，一起展出的还有其他哈利波特迷们关注的东西，本次展出大受哈利波特迷们的欢迎。

阅读理解中的推理判断与推断能力（练习题及）一、练习题1. 根据以下短文回答问题：在一个晴朗的早晨，小明骑着自行车去上学。

他经过了一片森林，看到了许多不同种类的树木。

他注意到一种树叶颜色特别鲜艳，决定采一片回家留作纪念。

他发现这种树叶上有小小的红点。

小明观察到这种树叶在树上只长在阳光直射的地方。

他推断这种红点是由阳光引起的，阳光直射的位置养分较多，树叶不太容易受到风雨侵蚀。

问题：小明是如何推断这种树叶上的小红点的？2. 根据以下短文回答问题：李雷和韩梅是好朋友，他们两人分别住在城市的两个不同区域。

有一天，李雷打电话给韩梅说：“我突然发现在我居住的区域里，超市里的菜价比以前贵了很多，而且交通拥堵情况也越来越严重。

你觉得你那边的情况怎么样呢？”韩梅答道：“奇怪，我这边的超市菜价相对较低，交通也没有拥堵的情况。

也许我们可以通过数据来比较一下两个区域的情况。

”问题：韩梅是如何通过数据比较分析两个区域的情况的？二、解答1. 小明推断这种树叶上的小红点是由阳光引起的，基于以下观察：- 小红点只出现在阳光直射的位置；- 阳光直射的位置养分较多，树叶不太容易受到风雨侵蚀。

通过这些观察，小明可以推断阳光引起了这种树叶上的小红点。

2. 韩梅通过数据比较分析两个区域的情况，可能采取以下步骤：- 收集李雷所在区域的超市菜价和交通拥堵情况的数据；- 收集自己所在区域的超市菜价和交通情况的数据；- 对两个区域的数据进行比较分析，包括计算平均菜价、比较交通拥堵指数等；- 根据比较分析的结果得出结论，判断两个区域的情况异同。

通过以上数据比较分析，韩梅可以了解两个区域的超市菜价和交通状况是否存在差异，并得出结论。

2019年国家公务员考试行测逻辑判断真题及答案四、逻辑判断。

每道题给出一段陈述，这段陈述被假设是准确的，不容置疑的，要求你根据这段陈述，选择一个答案。

注意：准确的答案应与所给的陈述相符，不需要任何的附加说明即能够从陈述中直接推出。

请开始答题：96.通常情况下，报刊的记者和编辑在文章的措辞上极其小心，但在基于激发读者好奇心与报刊发行量的压力下，“体面”的报刊与“垃圾”报刊之间的品味差异似乎在缩小。

加之，人们的注意力持久度似乎也很短暂，这使得上述困境加剧。

下列各项判断不能从上述文字中推出的是：A. 报刊迫于销售压力在尽量准确报道的同时还要吸引读者的注意力B. 记者和编辑对怎样才能在文章中激发读者的好奇心更在意了C. 如果人们对报刊报道的注意力持久度并不短暂，则“体面”报刊的品味会提升D. 记者和编辑在文章措辞上的极其小心，不能与其应怎样吸引读者注意力相提并论97.有经验的司机完全有水平并习惯以120公里的时速在高速公路上行驶。

为了迅速提升道路的使用效率，某条高速公路的时速限制由原来100公里转为120公里。

以下各项如果为真，最能质疑上述主张的是：A. 统计表明，行车速度达120公里时事故发生率明显增加，反而影响高速公路使用效率B. 限速每小时120公里不能迅速提升公路使用效率，因为高速驾车对技术的要求很高C. 时速达到120公里时，汽车的油耗量将明显增加，考虑到油价，绝大部分司机还是放松油门D. 虽然时速限制放宽到120公里，但在很多路段上，很多司机对此速度有安全之虞98.蜜蜂的大脑仅有几毫克重，却可与哺乳动物一样执行某些任务，比如为同伴带、建造家园等。

大象大脑体积是蜜蜂的500万倍，但运行效率极其低下。

神经信号从大脑的一端传到另一端，以及从大脑传到脚趾间所需要的时间，均是蜜蜂的100倍。

有人认为，人类的大脑可能不像大象或蜜蜂那么极端，但只要通过进化，神经元数量变多，我们会更聪明。

以下各项如果为真，最能质疑上述观点的是：A. 牛脑体积是老鼠的800倍，但牛并不比老鼠聪明多少。

过过掌MBA分享——2019年1月全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考综合能力试题三、逻辑推理：第26-55小题，每小题2分，共60分。

下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一个选项符合试题要求。

26．新常态下，消费需求发生深刻变化，消费拉开档次，个性化、多样化消费渐成主流。

在相当一部分消费者那里，对产品质量的追求压倒了对价格的考虑。

供给侧结构性改革，说到底是满足需求。

低质量的产能必然会过剩，而顺应市场需求不断更新换代的产能不会过剩。

根据以上陈述，可以得出以下哪项？A．只有质优价高的产品才能满足需求。

B．顺应市场需求不断更新换代的产能不是低质量的产能。

C．低质量的产能不能满足个性化需求。

D．只有不断更新换代的产品才能满足个性化、多样化消费的需求。

E．新常态下，必须进行供给侧结构性改革。

27．据碳14检测，卡皮瓦拉山岩画的创作时间最早可追溯到3万年前。

在文字尚未出现的时代，岩画是人类沟通交流、传递信息、记录日常生活的方式。

于是今天的我们可以在这些岩画中看到：一位母亲将孩子举起嬉戏，一家人在仰望并试图碰触头上的星空……动物是岩画的另一个主角，比如巨型犰狳、马鹿、螃蟹等。

在许多画面中，人们手持长矛，追逐着前方的猎物。

由此可以推断，此时的人类已经居于食物链的顶端。

以下哪项如果为真，最能支持上述推断?A．岩画中出现的动物一般是当时人类捕猎的对象。

B．3万年前，人类需要避免自己被虎豹等大型食肉动物猎杀。

C．能够使用工具使得人类可以猎杀其他动物，而不是相反。

D．有了岩画，人类可以将生活经验保留下来供后代学习，这极大地提高了人类的生存能力。

E．对星空的敬畏是人类脱离动物、产生宗教的动因之一。

28．李诗、王悦、杜舒、刘默是唐诗宋词的爱好者，在唐朝诗人李白、杜甫、王维、刘禹锡中4人各喜爱其中一位，且每人喜爱的唐诗作者不与自己同姓。

关于他们4人，已知：（1）如果爱好王维的诗，那么也爱好辛弃疾的词。

（2）如果爱好刘禹锡的诗，那么也爱好岳飞的词。

2019北京海淀区高三二模英语推理判断题梳理DWhat a Messy Desk Says About YouFor some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits（特性，性格） affect health and health-related choices. Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate（先天的） conscientiousness（认真的）, meaning that they are organized and predictable（可预言的）, typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have immaculate（完美的） offices.What has been less clear is whether neat environments can produce good habits even in those who aren’t necessarily innately conscientious. To find out, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of experiments. In the first experiment, they randomly（随便地） assigned（分配） a group of college-age students to spend time in two office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered (乱堆) with papers and other work-related stuff. The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to choose the apple as those who sat among the mess.A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too. In this one, college students were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up（设计、创造） new uses for Ping-Pong balls. Those in messy spaces generated（产生、引发） ideas that were significantly（显著地，相当数量地） more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices where stacks（书库） of papers and other objects were neatly arranged.The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect（忽略、忽视）can encourage indifference and poor discipline（学科，纪律）.But in the study by Dr. Vohs, disordered offices encouraged originality（创意、独创性） and a search for novelty （新奇）. In the final portion of the study, adults were given the choice of adding a health “boost” to their lunchtime smoothie（举止文雅的人） that was labeled（贴标签于）either “new” or “classic.” The volunteers in the messy space were far more likely to choose the new one; those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version（版本）.“Disorderly environments seem to inspire（激发、鼓励）breaking free of tradition,” Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, “which can produce fresh insights.”The impli cations（暗指、暗示）of these findings are also practical. “My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project”, Dr. Vohs says, “then let the clutter（杂乱、混乱） rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious.”43. Which of the following can best explain the broken window theory?A. Chaos begets chaos.B. Misfortune may be an actual blessing.C. Bad news has wings.D. When a door shuts, a window opens.解析：The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect（忽略、忽视）can encourage indifference and poor discipline（学科，纪律）译文：几十年前提出的“破窗理论”认为，即使是轻微的震乱和忽视也会助长冷漠和不守纪律。