(完整版)华图宝典数量关系公式(解题加速100%)

1雪鹑Snow Partridge2藏雪鸡Tibetan Snowcock3阿尔泰雪鸡Altai Snowcock4暗腹雪鸡Himalayan Snowcock5雉鹑Pheasant Grouse6四川雉鹑Sichuan Pheasant Partridge7石鸡Chukar8大石鸡Rusty-necklaced Partridge9中华鹧鸪Chinese Francolin10灰山鹑Grey Partridge11斑翅山鹑Daurian Partridge12高原山鹑Tibetan Partridge13鹌鹑Common Quail14日本鹌鹑Japanese Quail15蓝胸鹑Blue-breasted Quail16环颈山鹧鸪Hill Partridge17红喉山鹧鸪Rufous-throated Partridge18白颊山鹧鸪White-cheeked Partridge19台湾山鹧鸪White-throated Hill Partridge 20红胸山鹧鸪Red-breasted Hill Partridge21褐胸山鹧鸪Brown-breasted Hill Partridge 22四川山鹧鸪Sichuan Partridge23白眉山鹧鸪White-necklaced Partridge24海南山鹧鸪Hainan Partridge25绿脚山鹧鸪Scaly-breasted Partridge26棕胸竹鸡Mountain Bamboo-Partridge27灰胸竹鸡Chinese Bamboo-Partridge28血雉Blood Pheasant29黑头角雉Western Tragopan30红胸角雉Satyr Tragopan31灰腹角雉Grey-bellied Tragopan32红腹角雉Temminck's Tragopan33黄腹角雉Yellow-bellied Tragopan34勺鸡Yellow-necked koklass pheasa 35棕尾虹雉Himalayan Monal Pheasant36白尾梢虹雉Sclater's Monal Pheasant37绿尾虹雉Chinese Monal Pheasant38原鸡Red Junglefowl39黑鹇Kalij Pheasant40白鹇Silver Pheasant41蓝鹇Taiwan Blue Pheasant42藏马鸡Tibetan Eared-pheasant43白马鸡White Eared-Pheasant44褐马鸡Brown Eared-Pheasant45蓝马鸡Blue Eared Pheasant46白颈长尾雉White-necked Long-tailed Pheas 47黑颈长尾雉Mrs.Hume's Pheasant48黑长尾雉Taiwan Long-tailed Pheasant49白冠长尾雉White-crowned Long-tailed Phea 50雉鸡Common Pheasant51红腹锦鸡Golden Pheasant52白腹锦鸡Lady Amherst's Pheasant53灰孔雀雉Hainan grey peacock-pheasant 54海南孔雀雉Hainan Peacock Pheasant55绿孔雀Green Peafowl56镰翅鸡Sickle-winged Grouse57柳雷鸟Willow Ptarmigan58岩雷鸟Rock Ptarmigan59黑琴鸡Black Grouse60西方松鸡Western Capercaillie61黑嘴松鸡Spotted Capercaillie62花尾榛鸡Hazel Grouse63斑尾榛鸡Chinese Hazel Grouse64栗树鸭Tree Duck65白头硬尾鸭White-headed Stiff-tailed Duck 66疣鼻天鹅White Swan67大天鹅Whooper Swan68小天鹅Whistling Swan69鸿雁Swan Goose70豆雁Bean Goose71白额雁White-fronted Goose72小白额雁Lesser White-fronted Goose73灰雁Greylag Goose74斑头雁Bar-headed Goose75雪雁Snow Goose76加拿大雁Canada Goose77黑雁Brent Goose78红胸黑雁Red-breasted Goose79赤麻鸭Ruddy Shelduck80冠麻鸭Crested Shelduck81翘鼻麻鸭Common Shelduck82瘤鸭Comb Duck83棉凫Cotton Teal84鸳鸯Mandarin Duck85赤膀鸭Gadwall86罗纹鸭Falcated Duck87赤颈鸭Wigeon88葡萄胸鸭American Wigeon89绿头鸭Mallard90斑嘴鸭Spot-billed Duck91棕颈鸭Philippine Duck92琵嘴鸭Shoveller93针尾鸭Pintail94白眉鸭Garganey95花脸鸭Baikal Teal96绿翅鸭Common Teal97云石斑鸭Marbled Teal98赤嘴潜鸭Red-crested Pochard99红头潜鸭Common Pochard100帆背潜鸭Canvasback101白眼潜鸭White-eyed Pochard102青头潜鸭Baer's Pochard103凤头潜鸭Tufted Duck104斑背潜鸭Greater Scaup105小绒鸭Steller's Eider106丑鸭Harlequin Duck107长尾鸭Long-tailed Duck108黑海番鸭Black Scoter109斑脸海番鸭White-winged Scoter110鹊鸭Common Goldeneye111白秋沙鸭Smew112红胸秋沙鸭Red-breasted Merganser113中华秋沙鸭Scaly-sided Merganser114普通秋沙鸭Common Merganser115林三趾鹑Small Buttonquail116黄脚三趾鹑Yellow-legged Buttonquail 117棕三趾鹑Barred Buttonquail118黄腰响蜜 Yellow-rumped Honeyguide 119蚁 Eurasian Wryneck120斑姬啄木鸟Speckled Piculet121白眉棕啄木鸟White-browed Piculet122星头啄木鸟Grey-capped Woodpecker123小星头啄木鸟Pygmy Woodpecker124小斑啄木鸟Lesser Spotted Woodpecker 125茶胸斑啄木鸟Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker 126纹胸啄木鸟Stripe-breasted Woodpecker 127棕腹啄木鸟Rufous-bellied Woodpecker 128赤胸啄木鸟Crimson-breasted Woodpecker 129黄颈啄木鸟Darjeeling Woodpecker130白背啄木鸟White-backed Woodpecker131大斑啄木鸟Great Spotted Woodpecker 132白翅啄木鸟White-winged Woodpecker133三趾啄木鸟Three-toed Woodpecker134栗啄木鸟Rufous Woodpecker135白腹黑啄木鸟White-bellied Woodpecker 136黑啄木鸟Black Woodpecker137黄冠啄木鸟Lesser Yellownape138大黄冠啄木鸟Greater Yellownape139花腹绿啄木鸟Laced Woodpecker140鳞喉绿啄木鸟Streak-throated Woodpecker 141鳞腹绿啄木鸟Scaly-bellied Woodpecker142红颈绿啄木鸟Red-collared Woodpecker143灰头绿啄木鸟Grey-headed Woodpecker144喜山金背三趾啄Himalayan Flameback145金背三趾啄木鸟Common Flameback146大金背啄木鸟Greater Flameback147竹啄木鸟Pale-headed Woodpecker148黄嘴栗啄木鸟Bay Woodpecker149大灰啄木鸟Great Slaty Woodpecker150大拟啄木鸟Greater Barbet151[斑头]绿拟啄木Lineated Barbet152黄纹拟啄木鸟Green-eared Barbet153金喉拟啄木鸟Golden-throated Barbet154黑眉拟啄木鸟Black-browed Barbet155蓝喉拟啄木鸟Blue-throated Barbet156蓝耳拟啄木鸟Blue-eared Barbet157赤胸拟啄木鸟Coppersmith Barbet158冠斑犀鸟Oriental Pied Hornbill159双角犀鸟Great Pied Hornbill160白喉犀鸟White-throated Brown hornbill 161棕颈犀鸟Rufous-necked Hornbill162花冠皱盔犀鸟Wreathed Hornbill163戴胜Eurasian Hoopoe164橙胸咬鹃Orange-breasted Trogon165红头咬鹃Red-headed Trogon166红腹咬鹃Ward's Trogon167蓝胸佛法僧European Roller168棕胸佛法僧Indian Roller169三宝鸟Dollarbird170斑头大翠鸟Blyth's Kingfisher171普通翠鸟Common Kingfisher172蓝耳翠鸟Blue-eared Kingfisher173三趾翠鸟Three-toed Kingfisher174鹳嘴翡翠Stork-billed Kingfisher175赤翡翠Ruddy Kingfisher176白胸翡翠White-throated Kingfisher177蓝翡翠Black-capped Kingfisher178白领翡翠Collared Kingfisher179冠鱼狗Crested Kingfisher180斑鱼狗Pied Kingfisher181[蓝须]夜蜂虎Blue-bearded Bee-eater182绿喉蜂虎Little Green Bee-eater183蓝喉蜂虎Blue-throated Bee-eater184栗喉蜂虎Blue-tailed Bee-eater185黄喉蜂虎European Bee-eater186栗头蜂虎Chestnut-headed Bee-eater187斑翅凤头鹃Pied Cuckoo188红翅凤头鹃Chestnut-winged Cuckoo189鹰鹃Large Hawk-Cuckoo190普通鹰鹃Common Hawk Cuckoo191棕腹杜鹃Hodgson's Hawk-Cuckoo192四声杜鹃Indian Cuckoo193大杜鹃Eurasian Cuckoo194中杜鹃Oriental Cuckoo195小杜鹃Lesser Cuckoo196栗斑杜鹃Cuckoo Banded Bay197八声杜鹃Plaintive Cuckoo198翠金鹃Asian Emerald Cuckoo199紫金鹃Violet Cuckoo200乌鹃Drongo Cuckoo201噪鹃Asian Koel202绿嘴地鹃Green-billed Malkoha203褐翅鸦鹃Greater Coucal204小鸦鹃Lesser Coucal205彩虹鹦鹉Rainbow Lorikeet206小葵花凤头鹦鹉Yellow-crested Cockatoo 207短尾鹦鹉Vernal Hanging-Parrot208红领绿鹦鹉Rose-ringed Parakeet209灰头鹦鹉Slaty-headed Parakeet210花头鹦鹉Blossom-headed Parakeet 211大紫胸鹦鹉Derby's Parakeet212绯胸鹦鹉Red-breasted Parakeet213长尾鹦鹉Long-tailed Parakeet214短嘴金丝燕Himalayan Swiftlet215戈氏金丝燕Germain's Swiftlet216白喉针尾雨燕White-throated Needletail 217灰喉针尾雨燕Silver-backed Needletail 218棕雨燕Asian Palm swift219高山雨燕Alpine Swift220普通楼燕Common Swift221白腰雨燕Fork-tailed Swift222小白腰雨燕HouseSwift223凤头树燕Crested Treeswift224仓鸮Barn Owl225草鸮Grass Owl226栗鸮Oriental Bay Owl227黄嘴角鸮Sptoted Scops Owl228纵纹角鸮Striated Scops Owl229红角鸮Scops Owl230东方角鸮Oriental Scops Owl231琉球角鸮Elegant Scops Owl232领角鸮Collared Scops Owl233雕鸮Eurasian Eagle Owl234林雕鸮Spot-bellied Eagle Owl 235乌雕鸮Dusky Horned owl236毛腿渔鸮Blakiston's Fish Owl 237褐渔鸮Brown Fish Owl238黄脚渔鸮Tawny Fish Owl239雪鸮Snowy Owl240褐林鸮Brown Wood Owl241灰林鸮Tawny Wood Owl242长尾林鸮Ural Owl243四川林鸮Sichuan Wood-owl244乌林鸮Great Grey Owl245猛鸮Northern Hawk Owl246花头鸺鹠Pigmy Owlet247领鸺鹠Collared Owlet248斑头鸺鹠Barred Owlet249纵纹腹小鸮Little Owl250横斑腹小鸮Spotted Owlet251鬼鸮Tengalm's Owl252鹰鸮Brown Hawk Owl253长耳鸮Long-eared Owl254短耳鸮Short-eared Owl255黑顶蟆口鸱Hodgson's Frogmouth 256毛腿耳夜鹰Great Eared Nightjar 257普通夜鹰Grey Nightjar258欧夜鹰Eurasian Nightjar259埃及夜鹰Egyptian Nightjar260中亚夜鹰Vaurie's Nightjar261长尾夜鹰Large-tailed Nightjar 262林夜鹰Savannah Nightjar263原鸽Rock Pigeon264岩鸽Hill Pigeon265雪鸽Snow Pigeon266欧鸽Stock Pigeon267中亚鸽Yellow-eyed Pigeon268斑尾林鸽Common Wood Pigeon269点斑林鸽Speckled Wood Pigeon 270灰林鸽Ashy Wood Pigeon271紫林鸽Purple Wood Pigeon272黑林鸽Japanese Wood Pigeon 273欧斑鸠Turtle Dove274山斑鸠Oriental Turtle Dove 275棕斑鸠Palm Dove276珠颈斑鸠Spotted Dove277火斑鸠Red Collared Dove278灰斑鸠Eurasian Collared Dove 279斑尾鹃鸠Bar-tailed Cuckoo Dove 280栗褐鹃鸠Brown Cuckoo Dove281棕头鹃鸠Little Cuckoo Dove282绿翅金鸠Emerald Dove283橙胸绿鸠Orange-breasted Green-Pig 284灰头绿鸠Pompadour Green Pigeon285厚嘴绿鸠Thick-billed Green Pigeon 286黄脚绿鸠Yellow-footed Green-Pigeo 287针尾绿鸠Pin-tailed Green Pigeon 288楔尾绿鸠Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon 289红翅绿鸠White-bellied Green-Pigeo 290红顶绿鸠Whistling Green Pigeon291黑颏果鸠Black-chinned Fruit Pigeon 292绿皇鸠Green Imperial Pigeon293山皇鸠Mountain Imperial Pigeon 294小鸨Little Bustard295大鸨Great Bustard296波斑鸨McQueen's Bustard297白鹤Siberian Crane298赤颈鹤Sarus Crane299白枕鹤White-naped Crane300沙丘鹤Sandhill Crane301蓑羽鹤Demoiselle Crane302灰鹤Common Crane303白头鹤Hooded Crane304黑颈鹤Black-necked Crane305丹顶鹤Red-crowned Crane306花田鸡Swinhoe's Yellow Rail307红腿斑秧鸡Red-legged Crake308白喉斑秧鸡Slaty-legged Crake309蓝胸秧鸡Slaty-breasted Rail310普通秧鸡Water Rail311长脚秧鸡Corn Crake312红脚苦恶鸟Brown Crake313白胸苦恶鸟White-breasted Waterhen 314棕背田鸡Rufous-backed Crake315姬田鸡Little Crake316小田鸡Baillon's Crake317斑胸田鸡Spotted Crake318红胸田鸡Ruddy-breasted Crake319斑胁田鸡Band-bellied Crake320白眉田鸡White-Browed Crake321董鸡Watercock322紫水鸡Purple Swamphen323黑水鸡Common Moorhen324骨顶鸡Common Coot325西藏毛腿沙鸡Tibetan Sandgrouse326毛腿沙鸡Pallas's Sandgrouse327黑腹沙鸡Black-bellied Sandgrouse 328丘鹬Eurasian Woodcock329孤沙锥Solitary Snipe330澳南沙锥Latham's Snipe331林沙锥Wood Snipe332针尾沙锥Pintail Snipe333大沙锥Swinhoe's Snipe334扇尾沙锥Common Snipe335姬鹬Jack Snipe336黑尾塍鹬Black-tailed Godwit337斑尾塍鹬Bar-tailed Godwit338小杓鹬Little Curlew339中杓鹬Whimbrel340白腰杓鹬Eurasian Curlew341大杓鹬Far Eastern Curlew342鹤鹬Spotted Redshank343红脚鹬Common Redshank344泽鹬Marsh Sandpiper345青脚鹬Common Greenshank346小青脚鹬Spotted Greenshank347小黄脚鹬Lesser Yellowlegs348白腰草鹬Green Sandpiper349林鹬Wood Sandpiper350翘嘴鹬Terek Sandpiper351矶鹬Common Sandpiper352灰尾[漂]鹬Grey-tailed Tattler353漂鹬Wandering Tattler354翻石鹬Ruddy Turnstone355长嘴鹬Long-billed Dowitcher 356半蹼鹬Asian Dowitcher357大滨鹬Great Knot358红腹滨鹬Red Knot359三趾鹬Sanderling360西方滨鹬Western Sandpiper361勺嘴鹬Spoon-billed Sandpiper 362小滨鹬Little Stint363红颈滨鹬Rufous-necked Stint364青脚滨鹬Temminck's Stint365长趾滨鹬Long-toed Stint366白腰滨鹬White-Rumped Sandpiper 367黑腰滨鹬Baird's Sandpiper368斑胸滨鹬Pectoral Sandpiper369尖尾滨鹬Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 370岩滨鹬Rock Sandpiper371黑腹滨鹬Dunlin372弯嘴滨鹬Curlew Sandpiper373高跷鹬Stilt Sandpiper374饰胸鹬Buff-Breasted Sandpiper 375阔嘴鹬Broad-billed Sandpiper 376流苏鹬Ruff377红颈瓣蹼鹬Red-necked Phalarope 378灰瓣蹼鹬Red Phalarope379彩鹬Greater Painted-snipe 380水雉Pheasant-tailed Jacana 381铜翅水雉Bronze-winged Jacana 382欧石鸻Eurasian Thick-knee 383大石鸻Great Thick-knee384蛎鹬Eurasian Oystercatcher 385鹮嘴鹬Ibisbill386黑翅长脚鹬Black-winged Stilt387反嘴鹬Pied Avocet388金斑鸻Pacific Golden Plover 389灰斑鸻Grey Plover390剑鸻Common Ringed Plover 391长嘴剑鸻Long-billed Plover392金眶鸻Little Ringed Plover 393环颈鸻Kentish Plover394马来鸻Malaysian Plover395蒙古沙鸻Mongolian Plover396铁嘴沙鸻Greater Sand Plover 397红胸鸻Caspian Plover398东方鸻Oriental Plover399小嘴鸻Eurasian Dotterel400凤头麦鸡Northern Lapwing401距翅麦鸡Spur-ainged Lapuiing 402灰头麦鸡Grey-headed Lapwing 403肉垂麦鸡Red-wattled Lapwing 404领燕鸻Collared Pratincole 405普通燕鸻Oriental Pratincole 406灰燕鸻Small Pratincole407褐贼鸥Great Skua408麦氏贼鸥South-Polar Skua409中贼鸥Pomarine Jaeger410短尾贼鸥Parasitic Jaeger411长尾贼鸥Long-tailed Jaeger412剪嘴鸥Indian Skimmer413黑尾鸥Black-tailed Gull414海鸥Mew Gull415灰翅鸥Glaucous-winged Gull 416北极鸥Glaucous Gull417灰背鸥Slaty-backed Gull418银鸥Herring Gull419灰林银鸥Heuglin's Gull420织女银鸥Vega Gull421黄脚银鸥Yellow-legged Gull422渔鸥Pallas's Gull423棕头鸥Brown-headed Gull424红嘴鸥Common Black-headed Gull 425细嘴鸥Slender-billed Gull426黑嘴鸥Saunders's Gull427遗鸥Relict Gull428小鸥Little Gull429楔尾鸥Ross's Gull430叉尾鸥Sabine's Gull431三趾鸥Black-legged Kittiwake432鸥嘴噪鸥Gull-billed Tern433红嘴巨鸥Caspian Tern434黄嘴河燕鸥River Tern435小凤头燕鸥Lesser Crested Tern436大凤头燕鸥Great Crested-Tern437黑嘴端凤头燕鸥Chinese Lesser Crested Tern 438粉红燕鸥Roseate Tern439黑枕燕鸥Black-naped Tern440普通燕鸥Common Tern441白额燕鸥Little Tern442黑腹燕鸥Black-bellied Tern443白腰燕鸥Aleutian Tern444褐翅燕鸥Bridled Tern445乌燕鸥Sooty Tern446须浮鸥Whiskered Tern447白翅浮鸥White-winged Tern448黑浮鸥Black Tern449白顶玄燕鸥Noddy Tern450白玄鸥White Tern451斑海雀Marbled Murrelet452扁嘴海雀Short-billed Guillemot453冠海雀Japanese Murrelet454角嘴海雀Rhinoceros Auklet455鹗Osprey456褐冠鹃隼Jerdon's Baza457黑冠鹃隼Black Baza458凤头蜂鹰Oriental Honey-buzzard459黑翅鸢Black-winged Kite460黑鸢Black Kite461黑耳鸢Black-eared Kite462栗鸢Brahminy Kite463白腹海雕White-bellied Sea Eagle464玉带海雕Pallas's Sea-Eagle465白尾海雕White-tailed Sea Eagle466虎头海雕Steller's Sea-eagle467渔雕Lesser Fish-Eagle468胡兀鹫Lammergeier469白背兀鹫White-rumped Vulture470高山兀鹫Himalayan Griffon471兀鹫Eurasian Griffon472秃鹫Cinereous Vulture473黑兀鹫Red-headed Vulture474短趾雕Short-toed Snake-Eagle 475蛇雕Crested Serpent-Eagle476白头鹞Western Marsh-Harrier477白腹鹞Eastern Marsh-Harrier478白尾鹞Northern Harrier479草原鹞Pallid Harrier480鹊鹞Pied Harrier481乌灰鹞Montagu's Harrier482凤头鹰Crested Goshawk483褐耳鹰Shikra484赤腹鹰Chinese Sparrowhawk485日本松雀鹰Japanese Sparrowhawk486松雀鹰Besra487雀鹰Eurasian Sparrowhawk488苍鹰Northern Goshawk489白眼鵟鹰White-eyed Buzzard490棕翅鵟鹰Rufous-winged Buzzard491灰脸鵟鹰Grey-faced Buzzard Eagle 492普通鵟Common Buzzard493棕尾鵟Long-legged Buzzard494大鵟Upland Buzzard495毛脚鵟Rough-legged Buzzard496林雕Black Eagle497乌雕Greater Spotted Eagle498草原雕Steppe Eagle499白肩雕Imperial Eagle500金雕Golden Eagle501白腹隼雕Bonelli's Hawk Eagle502靴隼雕Booted Eagle503棕腹隼雕Rufous-bellied Hawk Eagle 504鹰雕Mountain Hawk-Eagle505红腿小隼Collared Falconet506[白腿]小隼Pied Falconet507黄爪隼Lesser Kestrel508红隼Common Kestrel509红脚隼Red-footed Falcon510阿穆尔隼Amur Falcon511灰背隼Merlin512燕隼Eurasian Hobby513猛隼Oriental Hobby514猎隼Saker Falcon515矛隼Gyrfalcon516游隼Peregrine Falcon517拟游隼Barbary Falcon518小 Little Grebe519赤颈 Red-necked Grebe520凤头 Great Crested Grebe521角 Horned Grebe522黑颈 Black-necked Grebe523短尾鹲Short-Tailed Tropicbird 524红尾鹲Red-tailed Tropicbird525白尾鹲White-tailed Tropicbird 526蓝脸鲣鸟Masked Booby527红脚鲣鸟Red-footed Booby528褐鲣鸟Brown Booby529黑腹蛇鹈Darter530黑颈鸬鹚Pygmy cormorant531[普通]鸬鹚Great Cormorant532暗绿背鸬鹚Temminck's Cormorant533红脸鸬鹚Red-faced Cormorant534海鸬鹚Sea Cormorant535白鹭Little Egret536黄嘴白鹭Chinese Egret537岩鹭Reef Heron538白颈黑鹭Pied Heron539苍鹭Grey Heron540白腹鹭White-Bellied Heron541草鹭Purple Heron542大白鹭Large Egret543中白鹭Intermediate Egret544牛背鹭Cattle Egret545池鹭Chinese Pond-Heron546绿鹭Striated Heron547夜鹭Black-crowned Night-Heron 548海南鳽White-eared Night Heron 549栗鳽Japanese Night Heron550黑冠鳽Tiger Bittern551小苇鳽Little Bittern552黄苇鳽Yellow Bittern553紫背苇鳽Von Schrenck's Bittern 554栗苇鳽Cinnamon Bittern555黑鳽Black Bittern556大麻鳽Great BitternGreater Flamingo557大火烈鸟[大红鹳558彩鹮Glossy Ibis559[黑头]白鹮White Ibis560黑鹮White-shouldered Ibis561朱鹮Crested Ibis562白琵鹭White Spoonbill563黑脸琵鹭Black-faced Spoonbill564白鹈鹕Great White Pelican565卷羽鹈鹕Dalmatian Pelican566斑嘴鹈鹕Spot-billed philippensis567白头鹮鹳Painted Stork568黑鹳Black Stork569白鹳White Stork570东方白鹳Oriental White Stork571秃鹳Lesser Adjutant572小军舰鸟Great Frigatebird573白斑军舰鸟Lesser Frigatebird574白腹军舰鸟Christmas Island Frigatebird 575红喉潜鸟Red-throated Loon576黑喉潜鸟Black-throated Loon577太平洋潜鸟Pacific Loon578普通潜鸟Common Loon579白嘴潜鸟Yellow-billed Loon580暴雪鹱Northern Fulmar581钩嘴圆尾鹱Tahiti Petrel582点额圆尾鹱Bonin Petrel583纯褐鹱Bulwer's Petrel584白额鹱Streaked Shearwater585曳尾鹱Wedge-tailed Shearwater586肉足鹱Flesh-Footed Shearwater587灰鹱Sooty Shearwater588短尾鹱Short-tailed Shearwater589短尾信天翁Short-tailed Albatross590黑脚信天翁Black-footed Albatross591黑背信天翁Laysan Albatross592烟黑叉尾海燕Wilson's Storm-Petrel593白腰叉尾海燕Leach's Storm-Petrel594黑叉尾海燕Swinhoe's Storm-Petrel595日本叉尾海燕Matsudaira's Storm-Petrel 596双辫八色鸫Eared Pitta597蓝枕八色鸫Blue-naped Pitta598蓝背八色鸫Blue-rumped Pitta599栗头八色鸫Rusty-naped Pitta600蓝八色鸫Blue Pitta601绿胸八色鸫Hooded Pitta602仙八色鸫Fairy Pitta603蓝翅八色鸫Blue-winged Pitta604银胸丝冠鸟Silver-breasted Broadbill 605长尾阔嘴鸟Long-tailed Broadbill606和平鸟Asian Fairy-bluebird607蓝翅叶鹎Blue-winged Leafbird608金额叶鹎Golden-fronted Leafbird609橙腹叶鹎Orange-bellied Leafbird610虎纹伯劳Tiger Shrike611牛头伯劳Bull-headed Shrike612红背伯劳Red-backed Shrike613棕尾伯劳Rufous-tailed Shrike614红尾伯劳Brown Shrike615栗背伯劳Burmese Shrike616棕背伯劳Long-tailed Shrike617灰背伯劳Grey-backed Shrike618黑额伯劳Lesser Grey Shrike619灰伯劳Northern Shrike620楔尾伯劳Chinese Grey Shrike621松鸦Eurasian Jay622北噪鸦Siberian Jay623黑头噪鸦Sichuan Jay624台湾蓝鹊Taiwan Blue Magpie625黄嘴蓝鹊Yellow-billed Blue Magpie 626红嘴蓝鹊Red-billed Blue Magpie 627白翅蓝鹊White-winged Magpie628蓝绿鹊Green Magpie629印支绿鹊Short-tailed Magpie630灰喜鹊Azure-winged Magpie631棕腹树鹊Rufous Treepie632灰树鹊Grey Treepie633黑额树鹊Collared Treepie634盘尾树鹊Racket-tailed Treepie635塔尾树鹊Ratchet-tailed Treepie 636喜鹊Black-billed Magpie637黑尾地鸦Mongolian Ground-Jay638白尾地鸦Xinjiang Ground-Jay639褐背拟地鸦Tibetan Ground-Jay640星鸦Spotted Nutcracker641红嘴山鸦Red-billed Chough642黄嘴山鸦Yellow-billed Chough643寒鸦Jackdaw644达乌里寒鸦Daurian Jackdaw645家鸦House Crow646秃鼻乌鸦Rook647小嘴乌鸦Carrion Crow648大嘴乌鸦Large-billed Crow649丛林鸦Jungle Crow650白颈鸦Collared Crow651渡鸦Common Raven652灰燕鵙Ashy Woodswallow653金黄鹂Eurasian Golden-Oriole 654黑枕黄鹂Black-naped Oriole655细嘴黄鹂Slender-billed Oriole656黑头黄鹂Black-hooded Oriole657朱鹂Maroon Oriole658鹊色鹂Silver Oriole659大鹃鵙Lmge Cuckooshrike660暗灰鹃鵙Black-winged Cuckooshrike 661粉红山椒鸟Rosy Minivet662小灰山椒鸟Swinhoe's Minivet663灰山椒鸟Ashy Minivet664灰喉山椒鸟Grey-throated Winivet665长尾山椒鸟Long-tailed Minivet666短嘴山椒鸟Short-billed Minivet667赤红山椒鸟Scarlet Minivet668褐背鹊鵙Brown-backed pied shrike669黄腹扇尾鹟Yellow-bellied Fantail670白喉扇尾鹟White-throated Fantail671白眉扇尾鹟White-browed Fantail672黑卷尾Black Drongo673灰卷尾Ashy Drongo674鸦嘴卷尾Crow-biled Drongo675古铜色卷尾Bronzed Drongo676小盘尾Lesser Racquet-tailed Drongo 677发冠卷尾Spangled Drongo678大盘尾Greater Racket-tailed Drongo 679黑枕王鹟Black-naped Monarch680紫寿带[鸟]Japanese Paradise-Flycatcher 681寿带[鸟]Asian Paradise-Flycatcher 682黑翅雀鹎Common Iora683大绿雀鹎Great Iora684钩嘴林鵙Large Woodshrike685太平鸟Bohemian Waxwing686小太平鸟Japanese Waxwing687河乌White-throated Dipper688褐河乌Brown Dipper689白背矶鸫Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush 690蓝头矶鸫Blue-capped Rock-Thrush691白喉矶鸫White-throated Rock Thrush 692栗腹矶鸫Chestnut-bellied RockThrush 693蓝矶鸫Blue Rock-Thrush694紫啸鸫Blue Whistling-Thrush695台湾紫啸鸫TaiwanWhistling Thrush696橙头地鸫Orange-headed Thrush697白眉地鸫Siberian Thrush698光背地鸫Plain-backed Thrush699长尾地鸫Long-tailed Thrush700虎斑地鸫Scaly Thrush701长嘴地鸫Dark-sided Thrush702灰背鸫Grey-backed Thrush703黑胸鸫Black-breasted Thrush704乌灰鸫Japanese Thrush705白颈鸫White-collared Blackbird706灰翅鸫Grey-winged Blackbird707乌鸫Eurasian Blackbird708岛鸫Island Thrush709灰头鸫Grey-headcd Thrush710棕背黑头鸫Kessler's Thrush711褐头鸫Grey-sided Thrush712白眉鸫Eyebrowed Thrush713槲鸫Mistle Thrush714白腹鸫Pale Thrush715赤胸鸫Brown-headed Thrush716赤颈鸫Dark-throated Thrush717斑鸫Dusky Thrush718田鸫Fieldfare719白眉歌鸫Redwing720欧歌鸫Song Thrush721宝兴歌鸫Chinese Thrush722栗背短翅鸫Gould's Shortwing723锈腹短翅鸫Rusty-bellied Shortwing724白喉短翅鸫Lesser Shortwing725蓝短翅鸫White-browed Shortwing726白喉林鹟White-gorgetted Jungle Flycatc 727斑鹟Spotted Flycatcher728灰纹鹟Grey-streaked Flycatcher729乌鹟Sooty Flycatcher730北灰鹟Asian Brown Flycatcher731褐胸鹟Brown-breasted Flycatcher732棕尾褐鹟Ferruginous Flycatcher733白眉[姬]鹟Yellow-rumped Flycatcher734黄眉[姬]鹟Narcissus Flycatcher735鸲[姬]鹟Mugimaki Flycatcher736锈胸蓝[姬]鹟Slaty-backed Flycatcher737橙胸[姬]鹟Rufous-gorgeted Flycatche738红喉[姬]鹟Red-breasted Flycatcher739白喉[姬]鹟White-gorgeted Flycatcher740棕胸蓝[姬]鹟Snowy-browed Flycatcher741小斑[姬]鹟Little Pied Flycatcher742白眉蓝[姬]鹟Ultramarine Flycatcher743灰蓝[姬]鹟Slaty-blueFlycatcher744玉头[姬]鹟Sapphire Flycatcher745白腹[姬]鹟Blue-and-white Flycatcher746铜蓝鹟Verditer Flycatcher747大仙鹟Large Niltava748小仙鹟Small Niltava749棕腹大仙鹟Fujian Niltava750棕腹仙鹟Rufous-bellied Niltava751棕腹蓝仙鹟Vivid Niltava752白尾蓝仙鹟White-tailed Flycatcher753海南蓝仙鹟Hainan Blue-Flycatcher754灰颊仙鹟Pale-chinned Flycatcher755纯蓝仙鹟Pale Blue Fltcatcher756蓝喉仙鹟Blue-throated Flycatcher 757山蓝仙鹟Hill Blue-Flycatcher758侏蓝仙鹟Pygmy Blue-Flycatcher759方尾鹟Grey-headed Canary-Flycat 760欧亚鸲European Robin761[日本]歌鸲Japanese Robin762琉球歌鸲Ryukyu Robin763红尾歌鸲Rufous-tailed Robin764新疆歌鸲Common NightingaleSiberian Rubythroat765红点颏,红喉歌鸲766黑胸歌鸲White-tailed RubythroatBluethroat767蓝喉歌鸲[蓝点颏768棕头歌鸲Rufous-headed Robin769黑喉歌鸲Blackthroated770金胸歌鸲Firethroat771栗腹歌鸲Indian Blue Robin772蓝歌鸲Siberian Blue Robin773红胁蓝尾鸲Orange-flanked Bush-Robin 774金色林鸲Golden Bush-Robin775白眉林鸲White-browed Bush-Robin776棕腹林鸲Rufous-breasted Bush Robi 777台湾林鸲Collared Bush-Robin778鹊鸲Oriental Magpie-Robin779白腰鹊鸲White-rumped Shama780贺兰山红尾鸲Ala Shan Redstart781红背红尾鸲Rufous-backed Redstart782蓝头红尾鸲Blue-capped Redstart783赭红尾鸲Black Redstart784欧亚红尾鸲Common Redstart785黑喉红尾鸲Hodgson's Redstart786白喉红尾鸲White-throated Redstart787北红尾鸲Daurian Redstart788红腹红尾鸲White-winged Redstart789蓝额红尾鸲Blue-fronted Redstart790白顶溪鸲White-capped Water-Redstart 791红尾水鸲Plumbeous Water-Redstart 792白腹短翅鸲White-bellied Redstart793白尾蓝[地]鸲White-tailed Robin794蓝额[长脚]地鸲Blue-fronted Robin795蓝大翅鸲Grandala796小燕尾Little Forktail797黑背燕尾Black-backed Forktail798灰背燕尾Slaty-backed Forktail799白冠燕尾White-crowned Forktail800斑背燕尾Spotted Forktail801紫宽嘴鸫Purple Cochoa802绿宽嘴鸫Green Cochoa803白喉石鵖White-throated Bushchat 804黑喉石鵖Common Stonechat805白斑黑石鵖Pied Bushchat806黑白林鵖Jerdon's Bushchat807灰林鵖Grey Bushchat808穗鵖Northern Wheatear809[东方]斑鵖Variable Wheatear810白顶鵖Pied Wheatear811漠鵖Desert Wheatear812沙鵖Isabelline Wheatear813灰头椋鸟Chestnut-tailed Starling 814黑冠椋鸟Brahminy Starling815丝光椋鸟Silky stanling816北椋鸟Purple-backed Starling 817紫背椋鸟Chestnut-cheeked Starling 818灰背椋鸟White-shouldered Starling 819粉红椋鸟Rosy Starling820紫翅椋鸟Common Starling821灰椋鸟White-cheeked Starling 822斑椋鸟Asian Pied Starling823黑领椋鸟Black-collared Starling 824红嘴椋鸟Vinous-breasted Starling 825家八哥Common Myna826灰背岸八哥Bank Myna827林八哥White-vented Myna828白领八哥Collared Myna829八哥Crested Myna830金冠树八哥Golden-crested Myna831鹩哥Hill Myna832普通 Eurasion Nuthatch833栗臀 Chestnut-vented Nuthatch 834栗腹 Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch 835白尾 White-tailed Nuthatch836黑头 Snowy-browed Nuthatch837滇 Yunnan Nuthatch838白脸 White-cheeked Nuthatch 839绒额 Velvet-fronted Nuthatch 840淡紫 Yellow-billed Nuthatch 841巨 Giant Nuthatch842丽 Beautiful Nuthatch843红翅旋壁雀Wallcreeper844旋木雀Eurasian Tree-Creeper845高山旋木雀Bar-tailed Tree-Creeper 846锈红腹旋木雀Rusty-flanked Treecreeper847褐喉旋木雀Brown-throated Treecreeper 848鹪鹩Wren849白冠攀雀White-erowned penduline Tit 850中华攀雀Chinese Penduline Tit851火冠雀Fire-capped Tit852沼泽山雀Marsh Tit853褐头山雀Willow Tit854白眉山雀White-browed Tit855红腹山雀Rusty-breasted Tit856西伯利亚山雀Siberian Tit857棕枕山雀Rufous-naped Tit858黑冠山雀Rufous-vented Tit859煤山雀Coal Tit860黄腹山雀Yellow-bellied Tit861褐冠山雀Grey-crested Tit862大山雀Great Tit863西域山雀Turkestan Tit864绿背山雀Green-backed Tit865黄颊山雀Yellow-cheeked Tit866台湾黄山雀Yellow Tit867灰蓝山雀Azure Tit868黄胸山雀Yellow-breasted Tit869杂色山雀Varied Tit870黄眉林雀Yellow-browed Tit871冕雀Sultan Tit872银喉[长尾]山雀Long-tailed Tit873红头[长尾]山雀Black-throated Tit874黑头[长尾]山雀Rufous-fronted Tit875黑眉[长尾]山雀Black-browed Tit876银脸[长尾]山雀Sooty Tit877白眼河燕White-eyed River Martin878崖沙燕Sand Martin879褐喉沙燕Plain Martin880岩燕Eurasian Crag-Martin881纯色岩燕Dusky Crag-Martin882家燕Barn Swallow883洋斑燕Pacific Swallow884金腰燕Red-rumped Swallow885斑腰燕Striated Swallow886[白腹]毛脚燕Northern House-Martin887烟腹毛脚燕Asian House-Martin888黑喉毛脚燕Nepal House-Martin889戴菊Goldcrest890台湾戴菊Flamecrest891凤头雀嘴鹎Crested Finchbill892领雀嘴鹎Collared Finchbill893纵纹绿鹎Striated Bulbul894黑头鹎Black-headed Bulbul895黑冠黄鹎Black-crested Bulbul896红耳鹎Red-whiskered Bulbul897黄臀鹎Brown-breasted Bulbul898白头鹎Light-vented Bulbul899台湾鹎Tavaau Bulbul900白颊鹎Himalayan Bulbul901黑喉红臀鹎Red-vented Bulbul902白喉红臀鹎Sooty-headed Bulbul903纹喉鹎Stripe-throated Bulbul904黄绿鹎Flavescent Bulbul905黄腹冠鹎Yellow-bcllied Bulbul906白喉冠鹎White claroated Bulbul907灰眼短脚鹎Grey-eyed Bulbul908栗耳[短脚]鹎Brown-eared Bulbul909灰短脚鹎Ashy Bulbul910栗背短脚鹎Chestnut Bulbul911绿翅短脚鹎Mountain Bulbul912黑[短脚]鹎Madagascar Bulbul913棕扇尾莺Zitting Cisticola914金头扇尾莺Gololeu-tuaded Fautail Walolcr 915山鹛White-browed Chinese Warb916山鹪莺Striated Prinia917褐山鹪莺Brown Prinia918黑喉山鹪莺Hill Prinia919暗冕鹪莺Rufescent Prinia920灰胸鹪莺Grey-breasted Prinia921黄腹鹪莺Yellow-bellied Prinia922褐头鹪莺Plain Prinia923红胁绣眼鸟Chestnut-flanked White-ey924灰腹绣眼鸟Oriental White-eye925暗绿绣眼鸟Japanese White-eye926栗头地莺Chestnut-headed Tesia927金冠地莺Slaty-bellied Tesia928灰腹地莺Grey-bellied Tesia929鳞头树莺Asian Stubtail930淡脚树莺Pale-footed Bush-Warbler931远东树莺Manchurian Bush Warbler932日本树莺Japanese Bush-Warbler933强脚树莺Brownish-flanked Bush-War934大树莺Chestnut-crowned Bush-War935异色树莺Aberrant Bush-Warbler936黄腹树莺Yellowish-bellied Bush Warbler 937棕顶树莺Grey-sided Bush-Warbler938宽尾树莺Cetti's Warbler939斑胸短翅莺Spotted Bush-Warbler940巨嘴短翅莺Long-billed Bush-Warbler941中华短翅莺Chinese BushWarbler942棕褐短翅莺Brown Bush-Warbler943高山短翅莺Russet Bush-Warbler944矛斑蝗莺Lanceolated Warbler945黑斑蝗莺Grasshopper Warbler946小蝗莺Rusty-rumped Warbler947北蝗莺Middendorff's Warbler948史氏蝗莺Pleske's Warbler949鸲蝗莺Savi's Warbler950苍眉蝗莺Gray's Warbler951斑背大尾莺Stuak-bachel Suamp Wabler 952水蒲苇莺Sedge Warbler953细纹苇莺Streaked Reed-Warbler954黑眉苇莺Black-browed Reed Warbler 955稻田苇莺Paddyfield Warbler956远东苇莺Manchurian Reed Warbler 957钝翅[稻田]苇莺Blunt-winged Warbler958芦苇莺Eurasian Reed-Warbler959布氏苇莺Blyth's Reed Warbler960大苇莺Great Reed-Warbler961东方大苇莺Oriental Reed Warbler962噪大苇莺Clamorous Reed-Warbler 963厚嘴苇莺Thick-billed Warbler964靴篱莺Booted Warbler965赛氏篱莺Sykes's Warbler966草绿篱莺Olivaceous Warbler967金头缝叶莺Mountain Tailorbird968长尾缝叶莺Common Tailorbird969黑喉缝叶莺Dark-necked Tailorbird 970花彩雀莺White-browed Tit-Warbler 971凤头雀莺Crested Tit Warbler972叽咋柳莺Common Chiffchaff973东方叽咋柳莺Mountain Chiffchaff974林柳莺Wood Warbler975褐柳莺Dusky Warbler976烟柳莺Smoky Warbler977黄腹柳莺Tickell's Leaf Warbler 978棕腹柳莺Buff-throated Warbler979灰柳莺Sulphur-bellied Warbler 980棕眉柳莺Yellow-streaked Warbler 981巨嘴柳莺Radde's Warbler982橙斑翅柳莺Orange-barred Warbler983灰喉柳莺Ashy-throated Warbler984黄腰柳莺Yellow-rumped Warbler985淡黄腰柳莺Lemon-rumped Warbler986甘肃[黄腰]柳莺Gansu Leaf Warbler987四川柳莺Sichuan Leaf-Warbler988黄眉柳莺Yellow-browed Warbler989淡眉柳莺Hume's Warbler990极北柳莺Arctic Warbler991暗绿柳莺Greenish Warbler992双斑绿柳莺Two-barredWarbler993灰脚柳莺Pale-legged Warbler994乌嘴柳莺Large-billed Warbler995冕柳莺Eastern Crowned Warbler996峨眉柳莺Emei Leaf Warbler997冠纹柳莺Blyth's Leaf-Warbler998白斑尾柳莺White-tailed Leaf-Warbler999海南柳莺Hainan Leaf Warbler1000黄胸柳莺Yellow-vented Warbler1001黑眉柳莺Sulphur-breasted Warbler1002金眶鹟莺Golden-spectacled Warbler 1003灰头鹟莺Grey-hooded Warbler1004白眶鹟莺White-spectacled Warbler1005灰脸鹟莺Grey-cheeked Warbler1006栗头鹟莺Chestnut-crowned Warbler1007宽嘴鹟莺Broad-billed Warbler1008棕脸鹟莺Rufous-faced Warbler1009黑脸鹟莺Black-faced Warbler1010黄腹鹟莺Yellow-bellied Warbler1011沼泽大尾莺Striated Grassbird1012大草莺Rufous-rumped Grassbird1013黑脸噪鹛Masked Laughingthrush1014白喉噪鹛White-throated Laughingth 1015白冠噪鹛White-crested Laughingthr 1016小黑领噪鹛Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrus 1017黑领噪鹛Greater Necklaced Laughingthru 1018条纹噪鹛Striated Laughingthrush1019白颈噪鹛White-necked Laughingthrush 1020褐胸噪鹛Grey Laughingthrush1021栗颈噪鹛Rufous-necked Laughingthrush 1022黑喉噪鹛Black-throated Laughingthrush 1023黄喉噪鹛Yellow-throated Laughingthrush 1024栗臀噪鹛Rufous-vented Laughingthrush 1025山噪鹛Plain Laughingthrush1026黑额山噪鹛Sukatschev's Laughing thrush 1027灰翅噪鹛Moustached Laughingthrush 1028棕颏噪鹛Rufous-chinned Laughingthrush 1029斑背噪鹛Barred Laughingthrush1030白点鹛White-speckled Laughingthrush 1031大噪鹛Giant Laughingthrush1032眼纹噪鹛Spotted Laughingthrush1033灰胁噪鹛Grey-sided Laughingthrush 1034棕噪鹛Rusty Laughingthrush。

鸂鶒汉语词语
鸂鶒，亦作“鸂鶆”。

水鸟名。

形大于鸳鸯，而多紫色，好并游。

俗称紫鸳鸯。

简体“㶉鶒”。

很多时候古人使用的鸟名并不是很准确，甚至不一定是指一种鸟，而是一类鸟，比如清朝文职补子一品仙鹤和二品所绣锦鸡，究竟是哪种鹤以及哪种锦鸡都并未详加说明。

所以我认为对于古代鸟名，很多时候不能太较真，古人对鸟类的分类和鉴别比较模糊。

如果定要弄个分明，提供一些资料：韩学宏所著的《唐诗中的鸟类》一书中认为，鸂鶒是凤头潜鸭，它又名紫鸳鸯。

鸂鶒在很多古人诗句中都出现过，杜牧、杜甫都有诗句提及。

李时珍说，鸂鶒比鸳鸯大，喜欢成群活动，毛色以紫为主。

故名紫鸳鸯，李白的“七十紫鸳鸯，双双戏庭幽”指的就是鸂鶒。

小鸊鷉(Podiceps ruficollis) 目podicipediformes, 科prodicipedidae(grebes)池鹭(Ardeola bacchus) 鹳形目ciconiformes,鹭科ardeidae(herons,egrets,bitterns)牛背鹭(Bubulcus ibis) 鹳形目ciconiformes,鹭科ardeidae(herons,egrets,bitterns)夜鹭(Nycticorax nycticorax) 鹳形目ciconiformes,鹭科ardeidae(herons,egrets,bitterns)环颈雉(Phasianus colchicus)鸡形目galliformes,雉科phasianidae(partridges,pheasants,peafowls)珠颈斑鸠(Streptopelia chinensis)鸽形目COLUMBIFORMES鸠鸽科Columbida棕背伯劳(Lanius schach) 雀形目passeriformes 伯劳科laniidae(shrikes) 喜鹊 (Pica pica) 雀形目PASSERIFORMES鸦科Corvidae黑卷尾Dicrurus macrocercus雀形目PASSERIFORMES 卷尾科Dicruridae乌鸫Turdus merula雀形目PASSERIFORMES 鸫科（Turdidae）斑鸫Turdus naumanni 雀形目PASSERIFORMES 鶲科（Muscicapidae）红胁蓝尾鸲Tarsiger cyanurus雀形目PASSERIFORMES 鶲科（Muscicapidae）北红尾鸲Phoenicurus auroreus雀形目PASSERIFORMES 鶲科（Muscicapidae）灰椋鸟Sturnus cineraceus 雀形目PASSERIFORMES 椋鸟科（Sturnidae）八哥 myna雀形目PASSERIFORMES 椋鸟科（Sturnidae大山雀Parus major雀形目PASSERIFORMES山雀科（Paridae银喉[长尾]山雀Aegithalos caudatus 雀形目PASSERIFORMES山雀科（Paridae家燕Hirundo rustica 雀形目PASSERIFORMES 燕科Hirundinidae白头鹎Pycnonotus sinensis雀形目PASSERIFORMES鹎科Pycnonotidae暗绿绣眼鸟Zosterops japonica雀形目PASSERIFORMES绣眼鸟科（Zosteropidae 强脚树莺Cettia fortipes雀形目PASSERIFORMES莺科（学名：Sylviidae黄眉柳莺Phylloscopus inornatus雀形目PASSERIFORMES莺科Sylviidae棕头鸦雀Paradoxornis webbianus雀形目(Passeriformes鸦雀科Paradoxornithidae [树]麻雀Passer montanus雀形目PASSERIFORMES文鸟科Ploceidae山鹡鸰Dendronanthus indicus雀形目PASSERIFORMES鹡鸰科：Motacillidae白鹡鸰Dendronanthus indicus雀形目PASSERIFORMES鹡鸰科：Motacillidae金翅[雀] Carduelis spinus雀形目PASSERIFORMES燕雀科fringillidae黑尾蜡嘴雀Eophona migratoria雀形目PASSERIFORMES雀科Paridae灰头鹀Emberiza spodocephala雀形目PASSERIFORMES鹀科(Emberizidae)丝光椋鸟Sturnus sericeus雀形目PASSERIFORMES椋鸟科（Sturnidae）。

鹟类判别鹟类头圆，嘴⼩，腿短⽽细，脚⼩，是⾷⾍性鸟类，多数种类雄鸟⾊彩艳丽，雌鸟暗淡，但是也有雌雄均为灰⾊系的鹟。

本⽂仅对以下鹟类进⾏初步辩识，且不包括幼鸟⾸先介绍是斑鹟，灰纹鹟，乌鹟，北灰鹟之间的判别。

1. 斑鹟分布在我国新疆地区，⽽其他三种主要在东部，且本种⽻⾊较淡，头部，胸，胁具有⿊⾊细纵纹明显能与其他三种区分；2. 北灰鹟下嘴基宽且黄，眼先⽩⾊明显，胸灰褐⾊，⽆纵纹，翼尖最短，低于尾⽻长度的⼆分之⼀；3. 乌鹟胸斑较模糊，常揉合成团，为渲染状，尾下覆⽻具有暗⾊斑纹，翼尖到尾⽻的⼆分之⼀⾄三分之⼆处；4. 灰纹鹟眼先⽩⾊不明显，胸部纵纹很清晰，翼尖到尾⽻的三分之⼆，甚⾄更长到尾端。

因黄眉姬鹟、⽩眉姬鹟、绿背姬鹟和鸲姬鹟均上体较暗，下体黄⾊，雄鸟翅上具有⽩⾊块斑，故将其作为⼀类进⾏区分。

⾸先进⾏雄鸟的区分：1. ⽩眉姬鹟：头及背⿊⾊，⽩⾊眉纹长⽽醒⽬，腰为黄⾊，腹部黄⾊。

2. 黄眉姬鹟：头及背⿊⾊，黄⾊眉纹长⽽醒⽬，腰为黄⾊，腹部到尾下覆⽻由黄渐变为⽩⾊。

3. 绿背姬鹟：头脸及背黄绿⾊，黄⾊眉纹在眼先，较模糊，下体为均匀黄⾊。

4. 鸲姬鹟：上体⼤致⿊⾊，⽩⾊眉纹在眼后上⽅，较粗，喉⾄胸橘黄⾊，腹及尾下覆⽻⽩⾊。

下⾯进⾏雌鸟的区分：1. ⽩眉姬鹟雌鸟具有橘黄⾊腰，具有明显的⽩翼斑，且外侧三级飞⽻具有⽩宽⽻缘，可以与其他三种区分；2. 黄眉姬鹟雌鸟上体橄榄灰⾊，尾棕⾊，下体浅褐⾊，最没特点；3. 绿背姬鹟雌鸟头、脸、背偏绿⾊，腰淡绿黄⾊，喉部淡黄⾊，尾下覆⽻污黄⽩⾊；4. 鸲姬鹟雌鸟上体暗褐⾊，具有2条淡⾊翼带，喉⾄胸淡橘黄⾊，腹及尾下覆⽻⽩⾊。

红喉姬鹟、红胸姬鹟、橙胸姬鹟、⽩喉姬鹟体型均⽐较⼩，且上体颜⾊较褐⾊，姿态较类似，经常后尾翘起，故归为⼀类进⾏区分。

⾸先进⾏雄鸟的区分：1. 红喉姬鹟上体颜⾊偏冷⾊调，嘴⿊⾊，橙红⾊仅⾄喉部，尾上覆⽻颜⾊⿊⾊，⽐尾⽻颜⾊还⿊。

2. 红胸姬鹟上体颜⾊偏暖⾊调，下嘴基黄⾊，胸部范围可以延伸⾄上胸，尾上覆⽻颜⾊和尾⽻同⾊。

“同名同姓”的鸟类大全同名同姓的喜鹊（学名为：Pica pica）如下表：每行依次为中文名、英文名、拉丁学名（斜体）。

1.双垂鹤鸵（英文名：SouthernCassowary，学名：Casuarius casuarius）2.鸣冠雉（英文名：Trinidad PipingGuan，学名：Pipile pipile）3.阿拉戈盔嘴雉（英文名：AlagoasCurassow，学名：Mitu mitu）4.盔凤冠雉（英文名：HelmetedCurassow，学名：Pauxi pauxi）5.镰翅鸡（英文名： Siberian Grouse，学名：Falcipennis falcipennis）6.柳雷鸟（英文名：WillowPtarmigan，学名：Lagopus lagopus）7.雪鹑（英文名：Snow Partridge，学名：Lerwa lerwa）8.黑鹧鸪（英文名：Black Francolin，学名：Francolinus francolinus）9.灰山鹑（英文名： Grey Partridge，学名：Perdix perdix）10.鹌鹑（英文名：Common Quail，学名：Coturnix coturnix）11.原鸡（英文名：Red Junglefowl，学名：Gallus gallus）12.白马鸡（英文名：White EaredPheasant，学名：Crossoptiloncrossoptilon）13.灰雁（英文名：Greylag Goose，学名：Anser anser）14.扁嘴天鹅（英文名：Coscoroba Swan，学名：Coscoroba coscoroba）15.大天鹅（英文名：Whooper Swan，学名：Cygnus cygnus）16.翘鼻麻鸭（英文名：Common Shelduck，学名：Tadorna tadorna）17.丑鸭（英文名：Harlequin Duck Histrionicus，学名：histrionicus）18.大西洋鹱（英文名：Manx Shearwater，学名：Puffinus puffinus）19.灰头鸊鷉（英文名：Hoary-headed Grebe，学名：Poliocephalus poliocephalus）20.白鹳（英文名： White Stork，学名：Ciconia ciconia）21.船嘴鹭（英文名：Boat-billed Heron，学名：Cochlearius cochlearius）22.夜鹭（英文名：Black-crowned Night Heron，学名：Nycticorax nycticorax）23.红脚鲣鸟（英文名：Red-footed Booby，学名：Sula sula）24.美洲蛇鹈（英文名：Anhinga，学名：Anhinga anhinga）25.乌雕（英文名：Greater Spotted Eagle，学名：Clanga clanga）26.赤鸢（英文名：Red Kite，学名：Milvus milvus）27.普通鵟（英文名：CommonBuzzard，学名：Buteo buteo）28.小鸨（英文名： Little Bustard，学名：Tetrax tetrax）29.长脚秧鸡（英文名：Corn Crake，学名：Crex crex）30.斑胸田鸡（英文名： Spotted Crake，学名：Porzana porzana）31.紫水鸡（英文名：Purple Swamphen，学名：Porphyrio porphyrio）32.灰鹤（英文名：Common Crane，学名：Grus grus）33.黑翅长脚鹬（英文名：Black-winged Stilt，学名：Himantopus himantopus）34.凤头麦鸡（英文名：Northern Lapwing，学名：Vanellus vanellus）35.肉垂水雉（英文名：Wattled Jacana，学名：Jacana jacana）36.扇尾沙锥（英文名：Common Snipe，学名：Gallinago gallinago）37.黑尾塍鹬（英文名：Black-tailed Godwit，学名：Limosa limosa）38.渔鸥（英文名：Pallas’s Gull，学名：Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus）39.侏海雀（英文名： Little Auk，学名：Alle alle）40.番红头鹦哥（英文名：Saffron-headed Parrot，学名：Pyrilia pyrilia）41.圭拉鹃（英文名：Guira Cuckoo，学名：Guira guira）42.雕鸮（英文名：Eurasian Eagle-Owl，学名：Bubo bubo）43.普通楼燕（英文名：Common Swift，学名：Apus apus）44.艳蜂鸟（英文名：Amazilia Hummingbird，学名：Amazilia amazilia）45.铜色星额蜂鸟（英文名：Bronzy Inca，学名：Coeligena coeligena）46.剑嘴蜂鸟（英文名：Sword-billed Hummingbird，学名：Ensifera ensifera）47.绿背火冠蜂鸟（英文名：Green-backed Firecrown，学名：Sephanoides sephanoides）48.白背鼠鸟（英文名： White-backed Mousebird，学名：Colius colius）49.短尾鴗（英文名： Jamaican Tody，学名：Todus todus）50.绿尾鹟鴷（英文名：Green-tailed Jacamar，学名：Galbula galbula）51.黑喉响蜜鴷（英文名：Greater Honeyguide，学名：Indicator indicator）52.平原霸鹟（英文名：Suiriri Flycatcher，学名：Suiriri suiriri）53.东王霸鹟（英文名：Eastern Kingbird，学名：Tyrannus tyrannus）54.圭亚那冠伞鸟（英文名：Guianan Cock-of-the-rock，学名：Rupicola rupicola）55.紫胸伞鸟（英文名：Purple-breasted Cotinga，学名：Cotinga cotinga）56.紫喉伞鸟（英文名：Purple-throated Cotinga，学名：Porphyrolaema porphyrolaema）57.白须娇鹟（英文名：White-bearded Manakin，学名：Manacus manacus）58.南非红翅鵙（英文名：Southern Tchagra，学名：Tchagra tchagra）59.拉氏厚嘴鵙（英文名：Lafresnaye’s Vanga，学名：Xenopirostris xenopirostris）60.金黄鹂（英文名： Eurasian Golden Oriole，学名：Oriolus oriolus）61.黑腹果鹟（英文名：Maupiti Monarch，学名：Pomarea pomarea）62.塔尾树鹊（英文名：Ratchet-tailed Treepie，学名：Temnurus temnurus）63.喜鹊（英文名： Eurasian Magpie，学名：Pica pica）64.红嘴山鸦（英文名：Red-billed Chough，学名：Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax）65.崖沙燕（英文名：Sand Martin，学名：Riparia riparia）66.索岛鹪莺（英文名：Socotra Warbler，学名：Incana incana）67.戴菊（英文名： Goldcrest，学名：Regulus regulus）68.鹪鹩（英文名：Eurasian Wren，学名：Troglodytes troglodytes）69.欧歌鸲（英文名：ThrushNightingale，学名：Luscinia luscinia）70.欧亚红尾鸲（英文名：Common Redstart，学名：Phoenicurus phoenicurus）71.穗鵖（英文名：Northern Wheatear，学名：Oenanthe oenanthe）72.河乌（英文名：White-throated Dipper，学名：Cinclus cinclus）73.石雀（英文名： Rock Sparrow，学名：Petronia petronia）74.红嘴奎利亚雀（英文名：Red-billed Quelea，学名：Quelea quelea）75.红梅花雀（英文名：Red Avadavat，学名：Amandava amandava）76.锡嘴雀（英文名： Hawfinch，学名：Coccothraustes coccothraustes）77.红腹灰雀（英文名：Eurasian Bullfinch，学名：Pyrrhula pyrrhula）78.欧金翅雀（英文名：European Greenfinch，学名：Chloris chloris）79.红额金翅雀（英文名：European Goldfinch，学名：Carduelis carduelis）80.欧洲丝雀（英文名：European Serin，学名：Serinus serinus）81.黄雀（英文名：Eurasian Siskin，学名：Spinus spinus）82.委内瑞拉拟鹂（英文名：Venezuelan Troupial，学名：Icterus icterus）83.南美黑鹂（英文名：AustralBlackbird，学名：Curaeus curaeus）84.艳拟鹂（英文名：MelodiousBlackbird，学名：Dives dives）85.黄头黑鹂（英文名：Yellow-headed Blackbird，学名：Xanthocephalusxanthocephalus）86.蓝背唐纳雀（英文名：Blue-backed Tanager，学名：Cyanicteruscyanicterus）87.黑喉雀鹀（英文名：White-bridledFinch，学名：Melanodera melanodera）88.迪卡雀（英文名：Common DiucaFinch，学名：Diuca diuca）89.主红雀（英文名： Northern Cardinal，学名：Cardinalis cardinalis）。

鸊鷉风头鸟的赞美的诗句
鸟有隐者名鸊鷉，栖身湖泊技精奇。

芭蕾轻舞两情定，凤冠发型羽帔衣。

比翼衔枝建爱巢，爱巢随波任漂移。

最喜幼鸟破壳时，纷纷跃入水中嬉。

体态风流气质张，高冠楚楚颈修长。

香腮粉嫩时凝露，凤眼迷离偶闪光。

沦落江湖尘不染，遭逢虾蟹首仍昂。

贞心炽热红如火，岂惧铺天冷雨凉。

从今年年初到现在这一段时间，在南海子更多亮相的则是凤头鸊鷉。

凤头鸊鷉，俗称张八狗或水老鸹，是一种体长50厘米的鸊鷉，外形优雅。

凤头鸊鷉的颈修长，有显著的深色羽冠，下体近白，上体纯灰褐。

繁殖期成鸟颈背栗色，颈具鬃毛状饰羽。

常见鸟类图谱之涉禽篇展开全文本系列文章是按生态系统，将鸟类分为：游禽、涉禽、攀禽、猛禽、陆禽、鸣禽六个大类进行分类介绍的，本文介绍的属于六大类中的涉禽，涉禽——适应在沼泽和水边生活，从水底或淤泥中获得食物。

包括：鸻鹬类、鹭类、鹳类、鹤类等涉禽类常见的鸟与难读的字：鸻鹬[héng yù]、鳽鸟[jiān]、朱鹮[huán]、姬鸨[bǎo]、黄鹳[guàn]、杓鹬[biāo yù]、鵁鶄[JiāoJīng]、丹顶鹤、大白鹭、苍鹭、火烈鸟（红鹳）、大鸨、大沙锥[zhui]、秧鸡、黑水鸡、骨顶鸡、苦恶鸟等。

中国国家地理上一篇鸻鹬的科普介绍，很有借鉴意义：鸻鹬类1.大杓鹬用超长带弯儿的嘴，不仅能啄食地表的猎物，必要时还能伸入洞穴捉螃蟹。

2.黑尾塍鹬的嘴长而直，能直戳泥沙较深处搜寻猎物。

3.红脚鹬的嘴相对较短，只能猎取较浅层泥沙中的食物。

4.红腹滨鹬常将嘴的尖端插入湿泥沙中，靠感知水波的变动判断猎物的存在。

5.金斑鸻的嘴短而直，取食的深度有限，更多是靠视力搜寻捕捉滩涂表面的猎物。

6.金眶鸻的嘴更加短小，通常是在滩涂上跑跑停停，啄食地表的食物。

7.翻石鹬的嘴较为粗壮，能用来翻动小石块，帮助寻找猎物。

8.反嘴鹬觅食时，会低头用长而上弯的嘴左右扫，扫中猎物就捉住吞掉。

鸻鹬类为中等或小型涉禽。

种类繁多，身体大多为沙土色，奔跑迅速，翅膀尖，善于飞翔。

其中：鹬类的身体结构，大都符合典型涉禽的“三长”特征—长嘴、长脖子、长腿，让它们能够在海滩和浅水区域自如行走，低头觅食。

鸻类“三长”的特征并不明显，甚至有的指标还相对较短。

在海滩上，它们经常好似老鼠一般哧溜乱窜，猛然快跑一阵，然后急刹车停下，过一会儿又飞奔起来。

鸻类通常没有长嘴，靠嘴啄食的深度十分有限。

不过它们天生一对大眼，有超级好的视力，视野也非常开阔，站立时，周围海滩表面的任何微小动静都尽收眼底。

一旦发现在泥沙表面和浅水洼中爬动的小螃蟹、昆虫、沙蚕、小鱼等，只要符合能吞下这个标准，鸻便快速冲过去将其捉住吃掉。

百变䴙䴘总悦目作者：孙晓明来源：《旅游纵览》2016年第01期种种䴙䴘（pìtī）形态孤，凤头金角耳羽簇;爱情舞蹈激浪花，独身百变总悦目。

这是对䴙䴘这种看来有些古怪的水鸟的描述。

在中国，䴙䴘科有5种——赤颈䴙䴘、角䴙䴘、黑颈䴙䴘、小䴙䴘和凤头䴙䴘。

虽然同属䴙䴘科，可它们的长相却各不相同，别有特点。

赤颈䴙䴘的红脖子、角䴙䴘的两只金角、黑颈䴙䴘的花朵耳簇、小䴙䴘的紫红袍、凤头䴙䴘变化无穷的头羽，总是给人赏心悦目的视觉感受。

䴙䴘：优雅的舞蹈家䴙䴘目（Podicipediformes）在生物分类学上是鸟纲中的一个目。

在传统的分类系统中，䴙䴘目只包括一个科，䴙䴘科。

䴙䴘分布广泛，体型似鸭，但较小。

翅膀短圆，初级飞羽12枚，第1枚特小;腿脚位于身体后部，前趾具瓣状蹼，适于游泳和潜水，极少上陆，在陆地上几乎不能起飞。

羽毛松软如丝，头部有时具羽冠或皱领;嘴细直而尖;跗蹠侧扁，被盾鳞。

中国的5种䴙䴘均雌雄相似，只是冬夏羽色不完全相同，稍有差异，有些种繁殖季节有羽冠、翎领、耳羽簇。

不管是哪一种，都会引起人们视觉上的愉悦，可谓是一种招人喜爱的水鸟。

唐代中药学家陈藏器撰《本草拾遗》，其中有如下叙述：“䴙䴘，水鸟也。

大如鸠鸭，脚连尾，不能陆行。

常在水中，人至即沈，或击之便起。

”可见他对䴙䴘的兴趣和注目。

他描述的“脚连尾”其实不然，䴙䴘的脚是在体的最后部，游泳或潜行时如桨摆动，推动身体前行并决定方向。

但在陆上，步行笨拙，因之藏曰：“脚连尾，不能陆行”，行动如辟（跪行）如虒（有角的虎）爬行，故字似从辟与虒，因其为鸟类，便加之“鸟”部首，便“䴙䴘”也。

在水中遇险时将雏鸟迅速包在翼下，潜至苇草间水中，唯伸出喙或头部;雏鸟亦很快学习此避难特技，故藏曰：“䴙䴘，常在水中，人至即沈，或击之便起”，几乎终生在水中生活。

䴙䴘大部分栖息于淡水，近年发现赤颈䴙䴘有的会在黄海北部个别地区越冬，除繁殖期外一般集群栖住。

䴙䴘有两个区别于其他鸟类的特点，一是求偶期优美的舞姿，用来吸引着异性的水上舞蹈，可谓登峰造极，它们反复用嘴来接触身体一边的翅膀，以形成䴙䴘类典型的求偶动作。

【拼音名】Bì Tī
【英文名】Grebe
【别名】鷉、须赢、刁鸭、油鸭、水彾仃、水葫芦、水鷉、水攒、水子钻、王八鸭子、小乌鸭
【来源】
药材基源：为鸊鷉科动物小鸊鷉的肉。

拉丁植物动物矿物名：Podiceps ruficollis（Pallas）[Colymbuc ruficollis Pallas] 采收和储藏：四季均可捕捉，取肉，鲜用或烘干。

【原形态】鸊鷉，小型鸭类，体长约26cm.嘴窄而尖，黑色，尖白，嘴裂附近黄绿色。

虹膜黄色。

上体大多黑褐色，颈侧红栗色。

下体白灰相杂，偶有褐色。

脚近尾端，石板灰色，趾端具阔爪，趾侧具瓣状蹼膜。

【生境分布】
生态环境：栖息于水草丛生的湖沼或泽地。

善潜水，常在双结队游于水面，营浮巢于芦苇丛中。

捕食水栖昆虫等动物性食物。

资源分布：全国大部分地区有分布，以东北及东部沿海一带较多。

【性味】味甘；性平
【归经】肺；肾经
【功能主治】补中益气；缩尿固脱。

主遗尿；痔疮；脱肛
【用法用量】内服：煮、炙，适量；或烧焦研末，每次15g，每日2次。

【摘录】《中华本草》。