山东省济南市槐荫区2020年中考三模试题(英语)

2019—2020学年济南市槐荫区初三模拟考试（三）初中英语英语试题本试题分为第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。

第一卷1—8页，第二卷9—12页，共120分。

考试用时l20分钟。

第一卷(选择题共80分)本卷须知：1．答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。

2．每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的正确答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦洁净后，再选涂其他答案。

答案写在试卷上无效。

3．考试终止，应将本试题和答题卡一并交回。

Ⅰ．听力测试A)听录音，在每组句子中选出一个你所听到的句子。

每个句子听一遍。

(5分)1. A. I have many books about science.B. We must get there before twelve.C. She never arrives late for school.2. A. The boy can't get down from the tree.B. The shop is not open at this time of day.C. The hotel is quite far from the factory..3. A, Could you tell me the way to the post office?B. Would you please tell me your new address?C. Do you often go shopping with your mother?4. A. This is my third year in the middle school.B. It's not very easy to learn English well.C. Let's go and play basketball after school.5. A. Why didn't you go to see the film yesterday?B. What are we going to talk about at the meeting?C. How are you getting on with your new neighbour?B)在录音中你将听到五个句子。

年山东省中考英语模拟试卷一、听力理解（本大题分为A、B、C、D四部分，共25小题，每小题1分，共25分）A．听句子（本题有5小题，每小题1分，共5分）根据所听句子的内容和所提的问题，选择符合题意的图画回答问题。

每小题听一遍。

（）1．What is Tina looking for?A B C（）2．When will the meeting begin?9:4510:0010:15A B C（）3．Which sport can Tim do?A B C（）4．Where did Jill go on holiday?A B C（）5．How does Gina goes to school on rainy days?A B CB．听对话（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）回答每段对话后面的问题，在每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

每段对话听两遍。

听第一段对话，回答第6小题。

（）6．How old is the man now?A．20. B．25. C．15.听第二段对话，回答第7小题。

（）7．What does the woman want to borrow?A．John’s bike.B．John’s key. C．John’s pencil.听第三段对话，回答第8小题。

（）8．Where are they talking?A．At home. B．In the zoo. C．In the bookstore.听第四段对话，回答第9小题。

（）9．Why is Jenny late again?A．Because she gets up late in the morning.B．Because the traffic is too heavy.C．Because her bike is broken on her way to school.听第五段对话，回答第10小题。

（）10．When did Bob start his new job?A．In July. B．In August. C．In September.听第六段对话，回答第11 ~ 12小题。

年山东省中考英语模拟试题及答案详解Ⅰ．情景反应根据你听到的内容，选择正确应答语。

每小题读两遍。

（共5分，每小题1分）（）1．A. He was strict. B. Mr. Liu. C. In Grade 7.（）2．A. Yes, she has. B. No, she isn’t. C. A free trip.（）3．A. Here you are. B. She likes dancing. C. No, she can’t.（）4．A. For two hours. B. In the playground. C. On June 28th.（）5．A. Great idea. B. Last month. C. She was patient.Ⅱ．对话理解根据你听到的对话及问题选择正确答案。

每小题读两遍（共10分，每题1分）（）6．Where is Kate’s classroom now?A. On the first floor.B. On the second floor.C. On the third floor.（）7．What club is Anna in?A. The chess club.B. The tennis club.C. The English club.（）8．What does Jack’s first English teacher look like?A. She is tall and thin.B. She is short and thin.C. She wears glasses.（）9．Where does the girl have lunch on school days?A. At home.B. In a restaurant.C. In the school dining hall.（）10．Where is Peter’s new hall.A. On the school bus.B. In his schoolbag.C. On the desk.听下面一段长对话，回答11-12两个小题。

2020年山东省济南市槐荫区中考一模英语试题一、单选题1. We usually go to __________ /bed/ at about ten o'clock．A bitB batC bedD bad2. I think David will win the __________ /reɪs/.He runs very fast．A niceB riceC noseD race3. I'm trying to __________ /tiːtʃ/ my friend John to play the guitar．A teachB toothC touchD truth4. They often go to the park on __________ /ˈsʌni/ days．A funnyB sorryC rainyD sunny5. In my __________ /ə'pɪnjən/， this is the best book on the subject．A oppositeB opinionC openingD accident6. —Do you go to school by _________ bike every day?—Yes, I do.A aB anC theD /7. My parents and I usually _________ a walk on Quancheng Square after dinner.A meetB helpC takeD play8. —Jim, can you go swimming with me?—I’d love to. But I am _________ now.A freeB busyC tallD tidy9. —When is Ted’s birthday party?—It’s _________ Saturday afternoon.A onB inC atD to10. Carol doesn’t eat ice-cream _________ she doesn’t want to be fat.A soB butC becauseD although11. It is Sunday today. There _________ many people in the amusement park.A hasB haveC isD are12. —Where is Frank?—He _________ to music in his room.A listensB is listeningC listenedD was listening13. —Would you like some bananas, Jane?—Yes, please. I love _________.A mathB fruitC sportD vegetable14. _________ beautiful mountain! I’ll paint it in my picture.A What aB What anC WhatD How15. —Molly, do you think you are different from your sister Linda?—Yes. I’m _________ outgoing than her.A veryB muchC mostD more16. —Excuse me, can you give me a ride to the bank?—__________. I’m just going there to get some m oney.A With pleasureB Have a good timeC Never mindD No way17. —When did Carol start to learn Chinese?—_________.A In a yearB Next yearC For a yearD Last year18. —I have a cough and a sore throat.—_________ some hot tea with honey.A DrinkingB DrinksC DrinkD Drank19. Which of the following is a good way to improve the environment?A B C D20. —Did you eat the meat in the fridge?—No, I didn’t. It didn’t _________ good, so I threw it away.A sellB feelC smellD sound21. —My watch doesn’t work.—There must be _________ wrong with it. I’ll repair it for you this evening.A everythingB anythingC somethingD nothing22. —Dad, is my mom coming back soon?—Yes. _________ on Saturday _________ on Sunday.A Both; andB Either; orC Neither; norD Not only; but also23. —Do you often help with the housework, Henry?—Well, my mother always makes me _________ the dishes.A cleanB cleansC cleaningD to clean24. —Mr. Green, you seem to know Jinan very well?—Yes. I’ve _________ here for ten years.A gotB livedC comeD arrived25. —Laura, do you like Chinese culture?—Yes. I am really _________ paper cutting.A angry withB afraid ofC similar toD interested in二、完型填空26. Vanilla is my best friend. She is a lovely girl with two big, beautiful _______. But she always hides them _______ a pair of black glasses.One day, however, I _______ ended our friendship. I remember that day clearly. We were sitting in the _______. The teacher was handing back our _______ exam papers. I had done very badly. I was never good at _______ math problems. I felt so _______ that I wouldn’t speak to anyone. At lunchtime, I stayed in the classroom alone. Suddenly, I heard a _______. It was Vanilla. “You look very unha ppy,” she said quietly. “What’s wrong?” I looked at her for a while, but said_______. I knew Vanilla had got a good grade in the exam. I thought she was laughing at me. I stayed silent, but Vanilla didn’t go away. She ________ asking me questions, “Is it because of the exam? Do you want me to tell you the right ________?” I looked away from her. When I looked up again, Vanilla had gone. And so had my exam paper! I didn’t know what to do. I looked for my paper everywhere, but couldn’t find ________.In the afternoon, Vanilla came up to my desk and gave my exam paper ________ to me. I looked at it and got a big surprise. Vanilla had written the correct answers next to every one of my mistakes. How ________ she was! My face turned red. I held her hands and sai d, “Thank you.”That afternoon, ________ Vanilla and I were on the way home, I felt quite happy and thanked her again. We are still best friends.（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）（6）（7）（8）（9）（10）（11）（12）（13）（14）（15）三、补全对话单选27. Laura： Hi， Anna! How was your weekend？Anna：（1）________ I had so much fun．Laura：（2）________Anna： I played volleyball with some of my classmates．Laura：（3）________Anna： Three times a week． I like it so much． How did you spend your weekend？Laura：（4）________Anna： Sounds interesting． Do you often go camping？Laura： Yes， I do． Would you like to go with me next weekend？Anna：（5）________ Have you decided where to go？Laura： Let's go camping near the lake．Anna： That will be great!（1）A． Terrible!B． It was great．C． Yes， please．D． I'm OK， thanks．（2）A． Where were they？B． Do you like sports？C． What did you do？D． Is that your classmate？（3）A． How long did they play？B． How often do you play volleyball？C． How do you like volleyball？D． How far is your school from home？（4）A． It's sunny and warm．B． I study for the math test．C． It's time to go home．D． I went camping with Jill．（5）A． I'd love to．B． That's too bad．C． Sorry， I can't．D． I'm not available．四、阅读单选28. I'm Alice． One day last month, my friend Mary came to school wearing a new pair of Zee jeans． "Your new Zee jeans are so cute!" I said．"I went shopping with grandma last weekend, " Mary said． "The Zee jeans were on sale． They have cool pockets and are unbelievably comfortable． When you're at my house after school, try them on and see for yourself．""Hmm．" I didn't think so． But when I tried them on, I couldn't help agreeing． As soon as I got home, I told my mom that I wanted to buy a pair of Zee jeans．Mom said, "Alice, you already have three pairs of good jeans． There is no way Dad and I are paying that much for another pair of jeans． If you want to buy them with your own money, I would be happy to make a long list of chores you can do．""I'll start this minute, " I said．It took me three weeks to save enough money． I took out the rubbish, took care of my little brother, and cleaned our washroom． The washroom cleaning was the worst． It took me one and a half hours to clean it up!Anyway, I finally bought my Zee jeans, and I loved them even more than I thought． I loved them half because they had cool pockets and super comfortable, and half because I have worked so hard to make the money to buy them myself．（1）Mary is Alice's________．A sisterB friendC cousinD teacher．（2）Mary let Alice try on her Zee jeans________．A in classB before classC at schoolD after school．（3）Alice wanted to buy a pair of Zee jeans， although she already had________ pairs of jeans．A 2B 3C 4D 5．（4）In order to buy a pair of Zee jeans， Alice decided to make money by________．A doing choresB selling newspapersC writing booksD cleaning parks．（5）Alice loved her new Zee jeans more than she thought because________．A they were unbelievably cheapB her mom bought them for her birthdayC shehad worked hard to get them D they were more comfortable than Mary's．29. Mum, I love you so much!It was Mother's Day． John was so busy with his work that he couldn't go back home． When he passed by a flower shop in the evening, an idea came to his mind, "I'll send Mum some roses．" While John was picking his flowers, a young man went inside． "How many roses can I get for only five dollars, madam? " he asked． The assistant （店员） was trying to tell him roses were as expensive as forty dollars a dozen（一打）． Maybe he would be happy with carnations（康乃馨）,"No, I have to have red roses, " he said． "My mum was badly ill last year and I didn't get to spend much time with her． Now I want to get something special, it has to be roses as the rose is her favourite．"After hearing it, John said he would pay the rest of the money for the young man． Moved by both of them, the assistant said, "What a lovely young men, thirty dollars a dozen, only for you．" Taking the roses, the young man almost jumped into the air and ran out of the shop． It was well worth twenty﹣five dollars that John paid to see the exciting moment． Then John paid for his dozen of roses and told the assistant to send them to his mother．As he walked out, he felt nice． Suddenly he saw the young man crossing the street and going into a park． But soon John realized it was not a park but a cemetery（墓地）． Crying, the young man carefully put down the roses, "Mum, oh, Mum, why didn't I tell you how much I loved you? God, please help me find my mum and tell her I love her．" Seeing this, John turned and quickly walked to the shop． He would take the flowers home himself．（1）John spent altogether________ in the flower shop that day．A ＄5B ＄25C ＄30D ＄55．（2）The young man cried at the cemetery because he________．A had spent all his money on the rosesB wasn't able to tell his mother he loved her himselfC felt sorry to ask John to pay for his flowersD hadn't got enough money for his sick mother．（3）At last John changed his mind and went home because he wanted to________．A tell his mother he loved her himselfB ask his mother for more moneyC tell his mother the young man's storyD ask his mother if she liked roses．（4）The writer writes the passage in order to tell us "________ "A Buy roses for your mother when she is illB Let your mother know how much you love herC Work hard to get more money for your motherD Send your mother flowers on Mother's Day．30.If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a second language?According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brainpower. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter（灰质）. This is the area of the brain which deals with information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.A team led by Dr Andrea Michelle, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference."Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language," said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible（灵活的）." he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had leaned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. "Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world," explained the scientists.（1）The underlined word "bilingual" probably means ________.A a researcher on language learningB a person who is good at learning foreign languagesC a person who can speak two languagesD an active language learner（2）Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?A Bilinguals have greater grey matter density than those who speak only one language.B The younger one starts to learn a second language, the more stupid he will be.C The participants（参与者）of Dr. Andrea's team's study are allbilinguals. D Grey matter is an area in people's brain only receiving information.（3）In the second paragraph, the writer mentions exercise in order to ________.A say language is also a kind of physical laborB prove that one needs more practice when he/she is learning a languageC to show the importance of using the language when you learn the languageD make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well（4）The main subject talked about in this passage is ________.A science on learning a second languageB man's ability of learning a second languageC language can help brain powerD language learning and maths study五、用单词的正确形式完成短文31. 阅读短文，根据短文内容判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）．An old lady went out shopping last Tuesday．She came to a bank and saw a car near the door．A man got out of it and went into the bank．She looked into the car．The keys were in the lock．The old lady took the keys and followed the man into the bank．The man took a gun out of his pocket and said to the clerk，"Give me all the money!"But the old lady did not see this．She went to the man，put the keys in his hand and said，"Young man，you're stupid!Never leave your keys in your car，someone's going to steal it!" The man looked at the old woman for a few seconds．Then he looked at the clerk，and then he took his keys，ran out of the bank，got into his car and drove away quickly，without any money．（1）_______．The old lady came to a bank last Tuesday．________（2）_______．The man left his keys in the lock of his car．________（3）_______．The old lady gave the keys back to the man．________（4）_______．Someone stole the man's car．________（5）_______．When the man went away，he did not take any money from theclerk．________．32.请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

山东省济南市槐荫区人教版PEP英语2020年中考三模试题英语本试题分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

第I卷1—8页，第II 卷9—12页，共120分。

考试用时120分钟。

第I卷（选择题共85分）注意事项：第Ⅰ卷为选择题，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

答案写在试卷上无效。

I．听力测试A）听录音，在每组句子中选出一个你所听到的句子。

每个句子听一遍。

（5分）1. A. This is my good friend. B. I have three basketballs.C. Can you play the guitar?2. A. He’s doing his homework. B. I’d like a bowl of noodles.C. We went to the beach on vacation.3. A. What are you doing for vacation? B. I’m going to be a basketball player.C. Could you please do the dishes?4. A. What were you doing at nine last night? B. How long has he worked in China?C. My teacher said I was hard-working.5. A. If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time. B. I like music that I can dance to.C. The car was invented in 1885.B）听录音，从每题A、B、C三幅图画中选出与听到的对话内容相符的一项。

每段对话听两遍。

（5分）6. A. B. C.7. A. B. C.8. A. B. C.9. A. B. C.10. A. B. C.C）在录音中, 你将听到一段对话及五个问题。

2024年学考适应性模拟测试九年级英语(2024.05)本试题分选择题部分和非选择题部分，共10页，满分为150分，考试用时120分钟。

答题前，请考生务必将自己的姓名、班级和座号填写在答题卡上，并同时将姓名、班级和座号填写在试卷上。

答题时，选择题部分每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

非选择题部分，用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上题号所提示的答题区域作答。

直接在试题上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。

选择题部分共100分I.听力测试（30分）A）听录音，在每组子中选出一个你所听到的句子。

每个句子听一遍。

1.A.My hat is on the sofa . B.His uncle is a math teacher . C.It’s time to have dinner .2.A.We don’t need eggs . B.She isn’t a teacher . C.The water isn’t clean .3. A.Did you go to the zoo ? B.Does he play soccer ? C.Do they often go fishing ?4.A.Let’s take a bus there . B.Do what you like . C.Welcome to Jinan !5.A.What did he say ? B.Who won the first prize ? C.When is the competition ?B）在录音中，你将听到五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。

每段对话听两遍。

6.What does Lucy want to be in the future ?A.A football player .B.A doctor .C.An astronaut .7.What was Lily doing just now ?A.Washing the dishes .B.Folding the clothes .C.Sweeping the floor .8.How will Ted buy vegetables ?A.By shopping online .B.By ordering from farmers .C.By going to the shop .9.What is the possible relationship between the two speakers ?A.Waiter and customer .B.Doctor and patient .C.Taxi driver and passenger .10.What does the girl mean ?A.She won’t go climbing this time .B.She thinks going climbing is tiring .C.She wants to clean the house .C）在录音中，你将听到一段对话，对话后有五个小题，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。

山东省中考英语模拟试题注意事项：1.本试题共分I卷和II卷两部分。

第I卷75分，第II卷45分，共120分，考试时间120分钟；2.答题前务必将试题密封线内及答题纸上面的项目填涂清楚。

所有答案必须涂、写在答题纸相应位置，答在本试卷上一律无效。

第I卷（选择题,75分）一、听力部分（每题1分，共25分）(一) 听句子，选择适当答语。

每个句子读两遍。

（5分）1. A. Yes, I think so. B. Very interesting. C. I’m not sure.2. A. Sorry, I can’t. B. Thank you very much. C. Yes, I’d love to.3. A. You are welcome. B. That’s right. C. I’m afraid not.4. A. You are lucky. B. Have a good journey. C. Really? I am very grad.5. A. Of course, I will. B. Not very often. C. Around a day.(二) 听句子，选择与句子内容相对应的图片。

每个句子读两遍。

（3分）6. 7. 8.A B C(三)听对话，选择能回答所给问题的正确答案。

对话和问题读两遍。

（6分）9. What day is it today?A. Tuesday.B. Wednesday.C. Thursday.10. What's the woman’s hobby?A. Fishing.B. Swimming.C. Hiking.11. How is the weather in March in Tianjin?A. Windy.B. Sunny.C. Rainy.12. Where does the conversation most probably happen?A. In a bookshop.B. In a restaurant.C. In a Clothing shop13. How old is the girl?A. Four.B. Nine.C. Thirteen.14.What does the man mean?A. Someone else will take the seat.B. The woman can take the seat.C. The man will take the seat himself.(四)听对话，选择每个问题的最佳答案，对话和问题读两遍。

2024年山东省济南市槐荫区中考三模英语试题一、阅读理解1．How will Amy do if she wants to sign up for the cooking classes?A．Visit the website.B．Make a telephone call.C．Send an email.D．Leave a message on WeChat.2．Which is NOT the ingredients (原料) to make hamburgers?A．Milk.B．Beef.C．Bread.D．Lettuce.3．Who should you learn from in the “Tasty zongzi” class?A．Mr. Li.B．Mrs. Smith.C．Ms. Wang.D．Ms. Green. 4．Which class can Alen join if he is only free on the weekend?A．Jiaozi magic.B．Easy hamburger.C．Tasty zongzi.D．Cupcake fun. 5．Which is NOT true according to the text?A．Having cooking classes is fun.B．There is a cooking class every day.C．You should be careful in cooking classes.D．You can learn to cook both Chinese and western food.I joined a band as a drummer in my middle school. At first it was easy, but a month later, it got difficult. I was the only one who couldn’t keep pace (节奏) with the other players.Our teacher, Angie, singled (单独挑出) me out to keep practicing while everyone else got to relax. I felt ashamed (羞愧的). Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn’t care about doing it right.“Are you giving up on me, Steve?” Angie asked.“Yes, I am,” I shouted. Angie sent me inside the music room where I cried out. Then she came in and told me never to give up. She left me alone and I realized Angie was right—by giving up, I was also giving up on the team and myself.With her comfort, I decided to go on practicing. However, I still couldn’t play well. Knowing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. Thanks to their support and help, I began to keep pace with them. Later, we performed wonderfully in an important show.In the whole process, I was taught that although we each had our own job to do in a show, it would take all of us working together to make the show great. I felt accepted and made great progress. I love everyone in the band.6．How did Steve feel playing the drum at first?A．Easy.B．Funny.C．Exciting.D．Difficult.7．What problem did Steve have in the band?A．He had no friends.B．He felt he was left behind.C．He was given up by the teacher.D．He was laughed at by his friends.8．What did Steve decide to do with Angie’s comfort?A．Have a good rest.B．Start another band.C．Give others a hand.D．Keep on practicing.9．What did Steve learn from his experience?A．The value of teamwork.B．The reason for shows.C．The importance of hobbies.D．The power of music.10．Where is the text probably taken from?A．A newspaper.B．A report.C．A story book.D．A notice.Scientists in Switzerland have used lasers (激光) to change the path (路线) of a lightning (闪电) strike (攻击). The experiment suggests that in the future, lasers might be useful for protecting large buildings from lightning.Lightning can be very powerful and cause serious problems on the ground. Lightning strike can cause fires, destroy buildings, and even kill people. The damage (损害) from lightning costs billions of dollars every year. In the US, lightning strikes killed close to 450 people between 2006 and 2021.Scientists have been trying to find a way to protect buildings from lightning for a long time. Now the best way is by putting metal rods (竿) on the buildings. These rods are connected to the ground. The lightning is attracted (吸引) to the rods, which safely guide the electricity into the ground. But lightning rods can only protect a small area. Some buildings—such as airports are so large that it’s difficult to protect the whole building using lightning rods.Another idea is to use lasers to guide lightning. Scientists had been working on the idea for over 20 years. Using a powerful laser that can fire about 1,000 times a second, scientists in Switzerland were able to guide lightning strikes for 164 feet. The heat from the laser creates a path of air that is less thick than the air around it. The path also has a special charge (电荷). The lightning can follow this path almost as if it were a lightning rod. Scientist Matteo Clerici said, “The fact that we managed to do it in an outdoor environment is a very big step.”But the laser still didn’t guide the lightning as far as the scientists would like. Besides, the laser is also very expensive. Scientists say it cost about $2 billion. It will probably take 10 or more years before a laser like this is truly able to protect large buildings.11．What did the scientists use the laser for?A．Changing the path of lightning.B．Protecting the lightning rod.C．Reducing the heat of lightning.D．Slowing down the speed of lightning. 12．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A．The use of the laser.B．The cost of the laser.C．The power of lightning.D．The way to guide lightning.13．What is the disadvantage (缺点) of lightning rods?A．Their material is expensive.B．They have short service life.C．Their speed of guiding electricity is low.D．It’s not easy for them to protect large areas. 14．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph?A．The laser works better in a lab.B．The technology has yet to be perfected.C．The scientists think poorly of the lightning rod.D．The research result will soon do good to humans.15．What can be the best title for the text?A．Use Lasers to Stop Lightning.B．Lightning Rods Are Out of Date.C．Guide Lightning With a Laser.D．Lightning Can Be Used to Serve People.Why do we do the things we do? What drives our behavior (行为)? Psychologists have suggested different ways of thinking about motivation (动机), including looking at whether motivation comes from outside (extrinsic) or inside (intrinsic) a person.Extrinsic motivation is when you are motivated to perform a behavior or take part in an activity because you want to get a reward (奖赏) or avoid punishment. You will take action because you expect to get something in return or avoid something unpleasant. Intrinsic motivation is when you decide to do something because you find it satisfying. You are performing an activity for what it is not because you are after some external (外部的) reward. The behavior itself is its own reward.Studies have shown that offering too many external rewards for an already internally (在内部) rewarding behavior can reduce intrinsic motivation——which is known as the over justification (奖励过当) effect. For example, in a 2008 study, children who were rewarded for playing with a toy they had already expressed interest in playing with became less interested in the toy after being externally rewarded.This is not to suggest that extrinsic motivation is a bad thing—it can be beneficial (有益的) in some situations. For example, extrinsic motivation can be especially helpful when a person needs to complete a task that they find unpleasant.Most people would accept that intrinsic motivation is best, but it is not always possible in every situation. Both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation play a key role in learning. Experts have argued that education’s traditional stress on external rewards (such as grades, report cards, and gold stars) undermines any intrinsic motivation that students might already have. However, others have suggested hat extrinsic motivators can help students feel more knowledgeable in the classroom, which in turn builds up their intrinsic motivation.As professor David Myers put it, a person’s interest often remains when a reward is used neither to bribe (贿赂) nor to control but to show a job well done, as in a “most improved player” award. Put simply, rewards, rightly given, can increase enjoyment and motivate high performance.Understanding how each type of motivation works and when it is likely to be useful can help people perform tasks and improve their learning.16．In what way does the writer start the topic (话题) about motivation in paragraph 1?A．By telling stories.B．By giving examples.C．By listing numbers.D．By asking questions.17．Which of the following is intrinsic motivation?A．You do schoolwork to get a good grade.B．You practice chess to get the first prize.C．You study math hard because it’s interesting.D．You clean your room to avoid punishment from your parents.18．Why does the writer mention the 2008 study in paragraph 3?A．To explain the benefits of offering toys as rewards.B．To prove (证明) external rewards can influence one’s interest.C．To introduce how intrinsic motivation works in children.D．To stress the importance of understanding intrinsic motivation.19．What does the underlined word “undermines” in paragraph 6 probably mean?A．Reduces.B．Argues.C．Encourages.D．Suggests. 20．Which of the following may the writer agree?A．Extrinsic motivation is key to one’s achievement.B．Intrinsic motivation has little to do with enjoying a task.C．Offering rewards of any kind takes the fun out of an activity.D．Properly-given rewards can encourage further improvement.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届济南市槐荫中学高三英语三模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项A“Why do I feel cold when I have a fever?” “Why does the sun rise in the east?” I knew the day would come when my little girl Sophie would learn to talk and inevitably (不可避免地) start askingthose questions. The questions themselves weren’t worrying me. I was actually looking forward to seeing where her curiosity would lie.What was bothering (烦恼) me was whether or not I would know the answers. In the age of the smartphone, this may seem like a silly worry. The answers to almost everything would be just one Google away.Still, I struggled with how I was going to prepare to become an all-knowing mother. Then one day, it struck me: I didn’t need to have all the answers. What a great example I could set if I let my daughter know that I, too, was still learning. And I realized how much more I could learn if I took another look at things I thought I already knew the answer to with the curiosity of a child. My little girl’s mind is a beginner’s mind--- curious, open to new ideas, eager to learn, and not based on knowledge that already exists. I decided that I would deal with her questions with a beginner’s mind, too.Once I decided to become more curious, I started noticing that curiosity was becoming more important in the workplace, too. It seems that leaders don't need to have all the answers, but they do need to be curious.Curious about curiosity, I searched for answers and found Albert Einstein’s famous words, “I have no special talent. I am only passionately (热情地) curious.” We mightquibble overthe view that Einstein had no special talent, but there is one thing for certain---he wouldn't have solved the puzzles of the universe without his passionate curiosity. Then I came across another Einstein quote, “The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason or existence.”1. The advantage of having a beginner’s mind is that ________.A. people can learn much faster.B. people won't be afraid to make mistakes.C. people are willing to receive new things.D. people won't be expected to answer all questions.2. What does the example of Einstein’s words show?A. Einstein was passionate about curiosity.B. Einstein’s quotes are very famous.C. Curiosity is of great significance.D. Curiosity is more necessary than talent.3. What does the underlined phrase “quibble over” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Fight against.B. Argue about.C. Work out.D. Agree withBRemember when your mom told you not to eat too many candy bars or sweets because they can cause tooth decay (蛀牙)? However, it turns out that chocolate can be moresalutaryto your teeth than you might expect. Recent studies show that chocolate can effectively fight against tooth decay, as if we need another excuse to eat chocolate.Chocolate offers protection like fluoride, a main ingredient in most household toothpastes. Not only does chocolate protect our teeth, but it can do so very effectively. Studies show that chocolate has compounds that provide strong protection for teeth. One of the compounds in chocolate, CBH, is shown to protect even more effectively than fluoride.Tooth decay happens when bacteria work to turn sugar into acids in our mouth. This is why eating foods with high sugar content can lead to more tooth decay. The compounds in chocolate, however, are anti-bacteria and can fight against bacteria in your mouth. The CBH compound in particular also works to strengthen tooth enamel (牙釉质), andprotects against tooth decay.Does this mean you can cat as much chocolate as you want without worrying about your teeth? It depends on the types of chocolate that you like. The protective effect of chocolate is most effective when you chew on cocoa beans. Of course, this option is not very appealing to; most people. A more tasty option is to choose dark chocolate with little sugar content, ideally no more than 6 to 8 grams per serving. For other types of chocolate with higher sugar content, the effect will be lessened. However, because of the protective compounds, it is still better for your teeth than other sweets and desserts containing the same amount of sugar.4. The word “salutary” in paragraph 1 means?A. Beneficial.B. Harmful.C. Familiar.D. Useless.5. What can we know about the compound CBH in chocolate?A. It can help chocolate cure tooth decay.B. It can effectively stop teeth from decaying.C. It may protect teeth better than toothpastes do.D. It may soon replace most household toothpastes.6. How does chocolate fight tooth decay?A. By breaking down acids.B. By building up compounds.C. By fixing up tooth enamel.D. By fighting against bacteria.7. What's the main idea of the text?A. Chocolate plays the role of toothpaste.B. Chocolate protects against tooth decay.C. Chocolate is the best choice for teeth protection.D. Chocolate is healthier to teeth than other sweets.CThe world's largest iceberg is floating toward South Georgia in the southernAtlantic Ocean. Scientists fear the iceberg could crash into the island and block major feeding areas for a large population of penguins and seals. If the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies.The huge iceberg is named A68a. It broke away fromAntarctica's Larsen C Ice Shelf in 2017. Satellite images show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is estimated to be about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer per hour and is on a path to hitSouth Georgiain around 30 days.This is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. The distance that parents have to travel to find food is crucial. That means they have to go a lot further or go around the iceberg to find sources of food.Ecologists say an iceberg crash would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts, it would also release large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill（磷虾）populations that are a major source of food for the island's wildlife. The iceberg could remain for up to 10 years and change the area's whole ecosystem. These are globally significant populations of these species. If these species fail in this particular area, then the numbers globally are going to go down quite dramatically.Professor Geraint Tarling, an ecologist at the British Antarctic Survey, said, "The breaking off of icebergs fromAntarcticais a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What we're seeing with models and some observations now is that this is happening at an increasing rate. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future."8. Why are the scientists worried about the coming iceberg crash?A. It will bring extremely cold weather.B. It will destroy the feeding areas of the animals.C. It will put wildlife on the island at risk of starving.D. It will prevent animals from moving to other places.9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The characteristic of the iceberg.B. The importance of the iceberg.C. The traveling speed of the iceberg.D. The forming process of the iceberg.10. What damage can an iceberg crash bring according to paragraph 4?A. Using up much fresh water.B. Polluting the surrounding farms.C. Changing the world's ecosystem.D. Affecting the number of certain species.11. How does Tarling think of the breaking off of icebergs fromAntarctica?A. It may slow down in the near future.B. It may become common in the future.C. It has a great influence on the climate.D. It helps scientists conduct a sea study.DWhile space travel still gets lot of attention, not enough attention has been paid to the exploration of oceans, about which we know much less than the dark side of the moon.Ninety percent of the ocean floor has not even been recorded and while we have been to the moon, the technology to explore the ocean's floors is still being developed. For example, a permanent partially-underwater sea exploration station, called the Sea Orbiter, is currently in development.The oceans play a major role in controlling our climate. But we have not learned yet how to use them to cool us off rather than contribute to our overheating. Ocean organisms are said to hold the promise of cures for a wide of the unique eyes of skate (ray fish) led to advances in conquering blindness, the horseshoe crab was important in developing a test for bacterial pollution, and sea urchins helped in the development of test-tube fertilization(人工授精). The toadfish's' ability to regenerate its central nervous system is of much interest to neuroscientists. A recent Japanese study concluded that the drug Eribulin, which was taken from sea sponges, is effective in fighting with breast, colon, and Urinary cancer.Given the approaching crisis of water insufficiency, we badly need to improve current methods, of desalinating(淡化) ocean water and make them more efficient and less costly. By 2025, 1.8 billion people are expected to suffer from severe water shortage, with that number jumping to 3. 9 billion by 2050-well over a third of the entire global population.If the oceansdo not make your heart go beating faster, how about engineering a bacterium that eats carbon dioxide — and thus helps protect the world from overheating — and produces fuel which will allow us to drive our cars and machines, without oil? I cannot find any evidence that people young or old, Americans or citizens of other nations would be less impressed or less inspired with such a breakthrough than with one more set of photos of a faraway galaxy or a whole Milky Way full of stars.12. What does the author think about the ocean exploration?A. It is equal to the space exploration.B. It is well developed.C. It deserves more attention and devotion.D. It is beyond our knowledge.13. What technology has been developed to make use of the oceans?A. Curing human diseases with ocean organisms.B. Preventing the world getting warmer.C. Mapping the global ocean floor.D. Removing salt from sea water.14. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?A. The temperature rise will be overcome by a bacterium.B. Solving the existing problems is more significant.C. The space exploration is worth the efforts.D. The ocean exploration is not inspiring.15. What is the best title of the passage?A. Oceans, the Last Hope.B. Oceans, the Hidden Treasure.C. Space, the Final Frontier.D. Space, the Faraway Dream.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。