下载文档原格式
Unit One An Image or a MirageIII. VocabularyA.1. unassuming2. stemmed from3. infallible4. had taken to5. prospect6. flabby7. More often than not8.devious9. tipped the scales in her favor 10. rapportB.1. instinctual2.immediate3. deposit4. frail5. seedy6. magnetic7. extroverted8. book9. unwarranted 10. refinedC.1. D2.C3. B4. A5. A6. C7. C8.B9. D 10.BIV. Cloze1. which2. run3. concerned4. familiar5. evident6. even7.what8.Consequently 9 knowing 10.By11. one 12. how 13. Once 14. obtainable 15. yourself 16. mind 17. from 18. never 19. pays 20. considered V. TranslationA.从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。
他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。
这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。
就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。
我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。
再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。
然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。
毛大威教育硕士专业学位研究生基础英语课后答案（自己归纳，保证都是标准答案）Unit7 Music单词词组英汉互译作曲家，交响乐，旋律/曲调，节奏音符，主题，音色，和谐/和声。
pop music playwright classical music country musicvocalist/pop singer the blues light music conductorSECTION ATextual organization:General statement: We all listen to music on three separate planesPlane1: the sensuous planeFurther explanation:Listening to music for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself and hearing music without thinking, without considering it in any way.Plane2: the expressive planeFurther explanation:All music has an expressive power, all music has a certain meaning behind the notes and that meaning behind the notes constitutes what the piece(of music) is saying and what the piece is about.Plane3: the sheerly musical planeFurther explanation:Besides the pleasurable sound of music and the expressive felling that it gives off, music does exists in terms of notes themselves and of their manipulation.Yet while listening to music most listener:are not sufficiently conscious of the third plane./tend to listen on one or the other of the three planes.The author concludes that:We listen to music in all three ways/and on all three planes at the same time.The theme of the text:When listen to music ,one should be a more conscious and aware listener—not someone who is just listening, but someone who is listening for something.Understanding long/difficult sentences1. doesn’t need to think anything but just enjoy.2. cause/effect3. the meaning of music4. typical music commentator advocating this idea that music should have meaning.5. discourage wherever and whenever it is met.SECTION BVocabulary studyA)b c a g d h f eB)1. so to speak（可以这么说）2. strive for（争取/奋斗）3.be alive to（对…敏感）4.take into account（考虑/重视）5.sensitive to（灵敏的）6.carried away （忘乎所以）mensurate with(以…相当)8.give off（发出）9.self-evident （不言而喻的）10.clarity（清楚/明晰）C)1.other2.dancing3.else4.stage5.like6.over7.discover8.event9.for 10.madeSECTION CGRAMMAR REVIEWA)1. The new-type cell phone will be made smaller and smaller.新型的手机越造越小。
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
Unit OneTask 11. provinces b.2. woke a.3.haunt b.4.trouble a.5.weathers d.6.wakeb.7.coined c.8. trouble b.9.weather c. 10. province c. 11. coin a. 12. value a.13. haunts a. 14. has promised a. 15. trouble c. 16. coin b. 17. promise d, 18. values c.19. refrain b. 20. valued e. Task 21. tranquil2. ultimately3. aftermath4. cancel out5.ordeal6.drastic7. legacy8. deprivations9. suicidal 10. anticipated 11. preoccupied 12. adversities 13. aspires 14. nostalgia 15, retrospect Task 31. a mind-blowing experience2.built-in storage space3. self-protection measures4. short-term employmentI. A. entertainmentB. entertaining 2. A.attached B.attachment 3.A.historically B. historic 4. A. innovativeB. Innovations 5. A. flawed B. flawless6.A.controversy B. controversial7. A. revise B. revisions1. ethnic2.corporate3.tragic4. athletic5. underlie6. stack7. intrinsic8. revenue9. engrossed 10. award Task 31) revenues 2)receipts 3) economic 4)rewards 5)athletes6) sponsor 7)spectators 8) maintain 9) availability 10) stadiums 11) anticipated 12) publicityUnit ThreeTask 11. B 2, D 1 A 4, C 5, A 6.B 7,C 8. A 9.B 10. C Task2LA. discrete B. discreet C. discretion2.A. auditors B. auditorium C. audit D. auditory E. audited 1 A. conceptionB.contrivanceC. contriveD. conceive 4.A. giggling B. gasped C. gargling D. gossip5.A. affectionate B. passion C. affection D. passionate6.A.reluctant B. relentless C. relevant7.A. reverence B. reverent C. revere8.A. peeping/peep B.peered C. perceive D.poring Task31) gain 2) similarities 3) diverse 4)enrich 5) perspective6)discover 7)challenging 8) specific 9)adventure 10)enlightens 11) opportunities 12) memories 13) joyful 14) outweighs 15) span )Unit Four Task 11. D2.A3. B4.B5.D6. A7. C8. CTask 1 Step 1l)i 2)f 3)a 4)b 5)h 6)j 7)c 8)e 9)d 10)g Step 21)fidgety2)crushing3)pithy4) foraging5) definitive , 6)propelled7) applauded8) ubiquity9) duly10) curtail Task 21. above2.on3. to4.on5.on/about6. to 7 .with 8. at 9. on/about10. in Task 31. may have a subtle effect on2.provide free access toe-books3. isinthe midst ofa sea change4. has been onthe faculty ofHarvard University5.a voracious book reader6. you'll stay focused onit7. the conduit for information8.your check came asanabsolute godsend 9. lost the thread ofthe story 10. stroll through elegant proseUnit Five Task 11.A2.C3.D4.B5.C6.B7.C8.D9.A10.C11.B12D.13.D14.A15.BTask21.sheer2.slip3desert4. revenge5.sheered6. level7.deserted8.skirted9.protested10. duplicates11. level12. revenge13.skirt14. protests15.slip16.duplicateUnit Six Task 1I.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C lI.B 12.ATask21. Water isnot an effective shield2.engulfed inflames3. the rights ofsovereign nations4. outpaced its rivals inthe market5. There's no need tobelabor the point6. She invoked several eminent scholars7. from two embattled villages8. According tothe witness's testimony 9. Inspite ofour best endeavors10. After many trials and tribulationsTask21) remain2) childish3)reaffirm4)precious5)equal6)measure7)greatness8) journey9)leisure10) fame11) obscure12) prosperityUnit SevenTask1I.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.BTask21. patrons b.2.designated b.3. reference d.4. inclination c5. host d.6. diffusing b.7. host c8.inclination a.9. references c.10. patrons a. 11. reference a.12. host a.13. diffuses a. .14. designate a.15. designate c.Task31) alive2)awakened3) trip4)stone5)remains6)beyond7)records 8)social 9)across10) surrounding11) mental12) miracle13) having 14) failure15) participateUnit Eight Task 11.B2.D3. A4.B5.A6. D7. D8.A9. A 10. C Task21. A. outburst B.bursting C. outbreak2.A. adverse B.adversity C. advised3.A. distinguishes B.distinct C. distinguished4.A. sight/vision B. view C. outlook D. visions5. A. implicit B.implicit/implied C. underlying。
汉译英：1、汤姆和玛丽Tom and Mary have a cunning strategy for successful child-rearing .Like most other parents, they wouldn’t mind if their two daughters turned out to be among the next Mozarts. But essentially, they just want to help the girls get the most out of their lives. The key, they’ve decided, is the weekends, when they see to it that their daughters do pretty much nothing at all.2、有200年历史的京剧Peking opera, with 200years of history, is valued as part of the immense heritage of Chinese culture. Unfortunately , this heritage has seen its appeal to younger generations in China decline in recent years. But when I was in Hawaii, I was surprised and pleased to see that some young Americans were actively involved in this ancient oriental art and seriously studying the songs, speeches, movements and acrobatic conventions of the opera.3、反引力Antigravity is a property of empty space that exerts an out ward force life a compressed spring at every point in space. A given volume of space always has the same amount of dark energy, so when the distance between two galaxies doubles, the force pushing them away from each other is twice as strong. As the universe expands, the volume of space increases, which means more dark energy. By now, 14 billion years after the Big Bang, antigravity has overwhelmed, gravity, so the expansion will get faster and faster.4、电视新闻Television news reports and programs bring about both positive and negative influence. From the news reports, people get to know the great events that have happened, are happening or will happen in the world, such as wars in the Middle East and famine in Africa. As a result they broaden their mind. By watching television programs people also get to know other peoples and their cultures. However, television news reports and programs may mislead peoples. Violence and drug problems are harmful to young people. Political scandals, illegal campaign contributions and illegal financial manipulation greatly damage the nation’s image. Things go worse especially when international audiences lack context and a frame of reference.5、Ff。
Unit 1 LiteraturePrepare YourselfDo you know ?communication satellite 通讯卫星mobile telephony 移动通讯intelligent robot 智能机器人clone 克隆telecommunications 远程通讯How do you say it ?文学literature科幻小说science fiction空间旅行space traveling外星人alien人类社会human society高技术high-technology信息时代information age信息产业information industryMake up a sentenceIt took 100 years before the moon landings predicted by the French writer Jules Verne actually took place.法国科幻小说家Jules V erne预言的人类登月，整整用了100年才变成现实。
Text 1 What’s the Big Idea?Imagination is more important than knoeledge.Word Glossarysponsor 英['spɒnsə] 美['spɑnsɚ]n. 赞助者；主办者；保证人vt. 赞助；发起prominent 英['prɒmɪnənt]美['prɑmɪnənt]adj. 突出的，显著的；杰出的；卓越的fiction 英['fɪkʃ(ə)n]美['fɪkʃən]n. 小说；虚构，编造；谎言hostile 英['hɒstaɪl]美['hɑstl]adj. 敌对的，敌方的；怀敌意的n. 敌对frivolous 英['frɪv(ə)ləs]美['frɪvələs]adj. 无聊的；轻佻的；琐碎的mutual 英['mjuːtʃʊəl; -tjʊəl]美['mjutʃuəl]adj. 共同的；相互的，彼此的suspicion 英[sə'spɪʃ(ə)n]美[sə'spɪʃən]n. 怀疑；嫌疑；疑心；一点儿vt. 怀疑speculation 英[,spekjʊ'leɪʃn]美[,spɛkju'leʃən] n. 投机；推测；思索；投机买卖remarkably 英[ri'ma:kəbli]adv. 显著地；非常地；引人注目地robotic 美[ro'bɑtɪk]adj. 机器人的，像机器人的；自动的n. 机器人学telephony 英[tɪ'lef(ə)nɪ]美[tə'lɛfəni]n. 电话（学）；电话制造predict 英[prɪ'dɪkt]美[prɪ'dɪkt]想vt. 预报，预言；预知vi. 作出预言；作预料，作预报alien 英['eɪlɪən]美['elɪən]adj. 外国的；相异的，性质不同的；不相容的n. 外国人，外侨；外星人vt. 让渡，转让emerge 英[ɪ'mɜːdʒ]美[ɪ'mɝdʒ]vi. 浮现；摆脱；暴露vision 英['vɪʒ(ə)n]美['vɪʒən]n. 视力；美景；眼力；幻象；想象力vt. 想象；显现；梦见dominate 英['dɒmɪneɪt]美['dɑmɪnet]vt. 控制；支配；占优势；在…中占主要地位vi. 占优势；处于支配地位Expressions and Phrasesin reality 实际上；事实上call for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为…叫喊in the middle of 在…中间deal with 处理；涉及；做生意in search of 寻找；搜寻play a role in 在……起作用Notes“He backs a company which produces intelligent robots, capable of learning new tasks from their environment.”他主办了一家公司，主要生产智能机器人，这种机器人能够根据它所处环境而学习处理各种任务。
研究生基础英语课后答案Unit1-5Unit1II V ocabulary study 词汇学习 第6页A)1、They got there in the late afternoon andwent aroundin search of a place to stay.他们在下午晚些时候到达那里并四处寻找栖身之地。
2、The astronomers were questioned on a wide range of subjects from physics to psychology.宇航员被问到广泛的问题，从物理学到心理学。
3、As people spend more time watching TV and reading the newspapers, the media plays a major role in influencing their opinions. 注意复数加s因为人们花大量的时间看电视、看报纸，媒体在影响他们的观点上发挥了主要作用。
4、There was a strange silence about what was happening, but the details of the murder were finally revealed by the local paper.人们对于关于当时发生的事情表现出奇怪的沉默，但是谋杀的细节最终被当地报纸揭露出来。
5、After another round of negotiations, they finally signed a declaration calling for an immediate ceasefire. 经过又一轮谈判之后，他们终于签署了号召立即停火的宣言。
6、Xiao Ling always seems so self-confident, but in reality she is extremely shy.小玲看起来总是很自信，但实际上她十分害羞。
Unit One An Image or a MirageIII.VocabularyA.1.unassuming2.stemmed from3.infallible4.had taken to5.prospect6.flabby7.More often than not8.devious9.tipped the scales in her favor10.rapportB.1.instinctual2.immediate3.deposit4.frail5.seedy6.magnetic7.extroverted8.book9.unwarranted10.refinedC.1.D2.C3.B4.A5.A6.C7.C8.B9.D10.BIV.Cloze1.which2.run3.concerned4.familiar5.evident6.even7.what8.Consequently9knowing10.By11.one12.how13.Once14.obtainable15.yourself 16.mind17.from18.never19.pays20.considered V.TranslationA.从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。
他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。
这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。
就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。
我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。
再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。
然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。
我认识许多才能杰出的人物，他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力，但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。
Unit 7 Text1 How We Listen to MusicWe all listen to music according to our separate capacities. But for the sake of analysis, the whole listening process may become clearer if we break it up into its component parts, so to speak. In a certain sense we all listen to music on three separate planes. For lack of a better terminology , one might name these:(1)the sensuous plane,(2)the expressive plane, (3)the sheerly musical plane.我们根据各自的能力来听音乐，打个比方来说，如果我们把音乐分成不同的部分，整个听的过程就变得很清楚了。
也可以这么说，在某种程度上，我们听音乐分为三个不同的层次，因找不到更好的术语，可这样命名（1）感官层面（2）表义层面（3）纯音乐层面。
The simplest way of listening to music is to listen for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself. That is the sensuous plane. It is the plane on which we hear music without chinking, without considering it in any way. One turns on the radio while doing something else and absent-mindedly bathes in the sound .A kind of brainless but attractive state of mind is engendered by the mere sound appeal of the music.最简单的听音乐方式就是听乐声给我们带来纯粹的愉悦，这是感官层面。
Unit 1 LiteraturePrepare YourselfDo you know ?communication satellite 通讯卫星mobile telephony 移动通讯intelligent robot 智能机器人clone 克隆telecommunications 远程通讯How do you say it ?文学literature科幻小说science fiction空间旅行space traveling外星人alien人类社会human society高技术high-technology信息时代information age信息产业information industryMake up a sentenceIt took 100 years before the moon landings predicted by the French writer Jules Verne actually took place.法国科幻小说家Jules V erne预言的人类登月，整整用了100年才变成现实。
Text 1 What’s the Big Idea?Imagination is more important than knoeledge.Word Glossarysponsor 英['spɒnsə] 美['spɑnsɚ]n. 赞助者；主办者；保证人vt. 赞助；发起prominent 英['prɒmɪnənt]美['prɑmɪnənt]adj. 突出的，显著的；杰出的；卓越的fiction 英['fɪkʃ(ə)n]美['fɪkʃən]n. 小说；虚构，编造；谎言hostile 英['hɒstaɪl]美['hɑstl]adj. 敌对的，敌方的；怀敌意的n. 敌对frivolous 英['frɪv(ə)ləs]美['frɪvələs]adj. 无聊的；轻佻的；琐碎的mutual 英['mjuːtʃʊəl; -tjʊəl]美['mjutʃuəl]adj. 共同的；相互的，彼此的suspicion 英[sə'spɪʃ(ə)n]美[sə'spɪʃən]n. 怀疑；嫌疑；疑心；一点儿vt. 怀疑speculation 英[,spekjʊ'leɪʃn]美[,spɛkju'leʃən] n. 投机；推测；思索；投机买卖remarkably 英[ri'ma:kəbli]adv. 显著地；非常地；引人注目地robotic 美[ro'bɑtɪk]adj. 机器人的，像机器人的；自动的n. 机器人学telephony 英[tɪ'lef(ə)nɪ]美[tə'lɛfəni]n. 电话（学）；电话制造predict 英[prɪ'dɪkt]美[prɪ'dɪkt]想vt. 预报，预言；预知vi. 作出预言；作预料，作预报alien 英['eɪlɪən]美['elɪən]adj. 外国的；相异的，性质不同的；不相容的n. 外国人，外侨；外星人vt. 让渡，转让emerge 英[ɪ'mɜːdʒ]美[ɪ'mɝdʒ]vi. 浮现；摆脱；暴露vision 英['vɪʒ(ə)n]美['vɪʒən]n. 视力；美景；眼力；幻象；想象力vt. 想象；显现；梦见dominate 英['dɒmɪneɪt]美['dɑmɪnet]vt. 控制；支配；占优势；在…中占主要地位vi. 占优势；处于支配地位Expressions and Phrasesin reality 实际上；事实上call for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为…叫喊in the middle of 在…中间deal with 处理；涉及；做生意in search of 寻找；搜寻play a role in 在……起作用Notes“He backs a company which produces intelligent robots, capable of learning new tasks from their environment.”他主办了一家公司，主要生产智能机器人，这种机器人能够根据它所处环境而学习处理各种任务。
精品文档Unit OneTask 11.A2.C3.B4.C5.D6.D7.D 8.C 9.A10.D 11.A 12.B Task 21.public(c)2.discipline(b)3.strength(a)4.reference(a)5.strength(d)6.public(a)7.demonstrated(b)8.discipline(c) 9.references(c)10.personality(a)11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a)13.public(d) 14.reference(b)15.personality(c)Task 31.employment2.paid3.adjust4.setting5.discouraged6.credit7.cite8.demonstrate 9.teamwork10.rulesUnit TwoTask 11.A2.B3.B4.C5.B6.A7.B8.C9.A 10.CTask 21. bud (n.); budding (adj.)2. access (n.); access (v.)3. taste (n.);tasted (v.)4. fool (n.); fooling (v.)5. produces (v.); produce (n.)6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.)7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.)9. named (v.); name (n.)10. practiced (v.); practice (n.)Task 31) integration 2) choice 3) handed 4) aspiring 5) steaming6) masterpieces 7) pleasure 8) partake 9) amazing 10) presentedUnit ThreeTask 11.A2.B3.C4.B5.A6.B7.C8.ATask 21. stack up against2. struck a chord3. amounted to4. chopping off5. appeal to6. pick up on7. turned out 8. fade away9. brought together 10. pulled off11. thrust upon 12. be kept clear of Task 31) swirling 2) delivered 3) glowed 4) intervals 5) converge6) wanderings 7) navigate 8) jealousy 9) presence 10) absorbedUnit FourTask 11.A2. A3. C4. B5. B6. C7. D8. C9. A10. CTask 21. maintained (a)2. romantic (a)3. essential (a)4. essentials (c)5. dimension (c)6. intimate (a)7. maintains (c)8. defies (b)9. intimated (d) 10. dimensions (a) 11. defy (a) 12. romantic (b)13. dimensions (b) 14. maintain (d) 15. intimate (c)Task 31) prerequisite 2) date 3) Respect 4) important5) whomever 6) candidates 7) highly 8) essential9) suitable 10) sufficientUnit FiveTask 11. B2. D3. C4. B5. C6. A7. B8. D9. C 10. A 11.C 12. D 13. BTask 21. A. masterpieces B. masteredC. mastery2. A. committed B. commissionC. commitment3. A. executing B. executionC. executive4. A. presentation B. representedC. presentedD. present5. A. inventors B. investorsC. innovator6. A. breath B. breathingC. breathtakingD. breathless7. A. physical B. physiologicalC. psychological8. A. discipline B. routineC. discipline9. A. practice B. performedC. perfectD. proper10. A. reaction B. reconciliationC. resistanceD. response Task 31) written 2) practiced 3) adapted 4) fundamental 5) soul6) described 7) mental 8) state of being 9) pictured 10) exercises11) control 12) experiences 13) including 14) individuals 15) medicalUnit SixTask 11.B2. D3.A4. C5. B6. A7. C8. D9. B 10. CTask 21. contented2. convention3. tall4. curiously5. Convention6. content7. execute8. curious9. execute 10. count 11. content 12. conventions 13. count 14. convention 15. tallTask 31) sheer 2) subject 3) contradictory 4) worldly 5) chaotic6) sophisticated 7) violence 8) glamorous 9) crime 10) safestUnit SevenTask 11.A2. C3. B4. B5. C6. A7. B8. C9. A 10. CTask 2Step 1partially unfoldunselfishness/selfishnessimperfect employee proverbial refinement indestructiblecriminalmistakealteration liar considerabletraitorphilanthropistStep 21. indestructible2. mistook3. unselfishness4. imperfect5. alteration6. traitor7. considerable8. liar9. employees 10. unfolds 11. refinement 12. philanthropist 13. criminal 14. partially 15. proverbialTask 31. So far as I'm concerned2. should endeavor to measure whether predetermined goals are being achieved3. has been engrossed in conversation with all night4. draw conclusions from the results of a single survey5. He had no friends nor acquaintances6. did she tell him about the attack7. as we had seen8. that he had had a family himself9. the problems you mention are inherent in the system10. young people conscientious in their work/young people who are conscientious in their work11. deviated from her custom12. at the peril of your own life/at your own peril13. taken on a new dimension14. capable of looking after myself15. in much the same way as it was 200 years ago16. rescue the sailors from the sinking ship 17. Portugal participated in the war18. due to our ignoranceUnit EightTask 1Step 11. boot---e, m2. bound--c, j3. fatal--b, q4. negotiate--g, n5. net---a, f, 16. the odds--h, i7. reward--k, o 8. vacuum---d, pStep 21. boot (m)2. vacum (p)3. rewarded (o)4. reward (k)5. net (f)6. negotiating (n)7. odds (h)8. odds (i)9. Fatal (b) 10. negotiations (g)Task 21. A. black and white B. in black and white C. black-and-white2. A. on the scene B. sets the scene C. behind the scenes3. A. make no difference B. make a differenceC. make any differenceD. make all the difference4. A. work on B. works against C. work out5. A. spread to B. spreading out C. spread throughTask 31.A2.B3.B4.D5.A6.B7.C8.B9.D 10.CUnit NineTask 11.A2. D3. B4. B5. C6. A7. B8. A9. C 10. ATask 21. crammed (b)2. balloon (a)3. crash (a)4. crammed (a)5. crashed (a)6. crammed (d)7. ballooned (c)8. crash (b)9. balloon (b) 10. slumped(b)11. trust (c) 12. trust (d) 13. liberal (c) 14. slump (c) 15. liberals(b)16. trust (b)Task 31)A 2) D 3) B 4) B 5) C6) C 7) A 8) A 9) D10) DUnit TenTask 1I.A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. B7. C 8. D 9. A 10. BTask 21. underlying2. immune3. impart4. imperative5. vulnerable6. diffused7. foremost8. scholarly9. illuminated 10. eloquence Task 31) deeper 2) contribute 3) explore 4) potential 5) how6) productive 7) likely 8) produce 9) Nationally 10) dedicated。
Unit 7CulturesLearning ObjectivesAt the end of the unit, students will be able to:1.Know about some famous cultural landmarks of the world;2.Have a general understanding of cultural differences, such as marriage customs,table manners, etc.;3. show their mastery of the words and expressions concerning cultures.Part I Warm-up ActivitiesA Directions: Below are the names of the world’s famous cultural landmarks. Pleasematch them with the corresponding pictures.A. PyramidB. Sydney Opera HouseC. Eiffel TowerD. ColosseumE. the Statue of LibertyF. Taji Mahal1. Eiffel Tower2. Taji Mahal3.the Statue of Liberty4. Pyramid5. Sydney opera house6. ColosseumB Directions:Certain animals are chosen as symbols because they have qualities thatstand out. In different cultures the qualities they are associated are different. The following table includes some of the names of the animals. Complete the phrases by filling the right word in the blanks and discuss with your partner about their Chinesecounterparts.mule lamb dog snail fish bee snake horsesheep fox cat lion toad goose lark1. as happy as a lark2. as cunning as a fox3. as stubborn as a mule4. as busy as a bee5. as slow as a snail6. as strong as a horse7. as ugly as a toad 8. as meek as a lamb9. as brave as a lion 10.as evil as a snake11. kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 12. black sheep of the family13. lead a cat -and- dog life 14. love me, love my dogUseful Words and Expressionscultural heritage of the world 世界文化遗产cultural industries 文化产业cradle of culture 文化摇篮 culture shock 文化冲击hitch-hiking 搭乘 cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流 icon 偶像 diversity 多样性 bilateral 双边的 ink and wash painting 水墨画 local customs and practices 风土人情 native/rural/country culture 乡土文化 The big apple “大苹果”，纽约 champagne 香槟酒 cocktail 鸡尾酒 liqueur 烈酒mainstream culture 主流文化 cultural treasures 文化宝藏 brain drain 人才外流 oriental 东方的 Confucius Institute 孔子学院 Collectivism 集体主义 filial piety 孝道 frugality 节俭 egalitarian平等主义 money-orientated 金钱至上的 ethnic 种族的，人种的 exotic 异国的，外来的，异国情调的 Part II Listening1. Quotes about the United KingdomRead the new words below before listening.Directions:You will hear a number of quotes from people across the globe on their perceptions of the UK according to a survey commissioned by the British Council. Listen and match column A with key words in column B.COLUMN A COLUMN B1. ITALY ( e ) a. quality education2. HUNGARY ( b ) b. self-irony3. HONG KONG ( g ) c. heritage4. JAPAN ( h ) d. limited5. KENYA ( a ) e. liveliness and people’s open-mindedness6. BANGLADESH ( c ) f. innovative trends in music7. KOREA ( k ) g. drunk8. GREECE ( f ) h. discrimination and government.9. MEXICO ( d ) i. soccer10. NIGERIA ( j ) j. high quality products11. SAUDI ARABIA ( i ) k. royal family and democracyTapescriptQuotes about the United Kingdomby British CouncilA survey commissioned by the British Council gave rise to a number of quotes from people across the globe on their perceptions of the UK.• First set of quotesUAE - When young people say about the British that he's unpleasant or old, it is an impression we have from the time when Great Britain was a great power together with Portugal.ITALY - I particularly liked the spirit, the liveliness, the people and their open-mindedness.HUNGARY - It's so fantastic that they are able to look at themselves with self-irony. I think this is exceptional. They write books and make movies that tell a negative picture about them and they show it.HONG KONG - A lot of them are drunk and cause trouble.JAPAN - There are bad points such as discrimination but also good points such as the parliamentary government.KENYA - It's believed that if you go for further education in Britain, you get quality education.THAILAND - They seem so cold in general.BANGLADESH - Heritage from Britain, technology and dynamism from the United States. SINGAPORE - The British always give me the idea of old and boring.KOREA - Underlying the British people's ideologies is their deeply rooted tradition, long history, long history of the royal family and democracy, and the class structure.GREECE - I am thinking about music. It's not by accident that the most innovative trends in music come from England.VIETNAM - UK is a small island but it has a global trading system.• Second set of quotesMEXICO - The British are limited. They don't try new things.JAPAN - British scientists are, almost manic, in particular categories. But they are doing something that really doesn't matter.CZECH REPUBLIC - Britain was the first country with a constitution, I think. So there is a real democratic tradition in Britain.SPAIN - Out of the European countries I think the closest to the US is England; but you can't separate them from Europe.SINGAPORE - They have a group of white trash, you know, skinheads. That group is very, very racist. But I think the majority is fine. In fact, I know there are some community leaders that are black.FRANCE - There are many differences between the English, the Irish and the Scottish. Irish and Scottish are much more friendly.HUNGARY - Their mistrust with strangers is also a characteristic. Usually this is said for the Germans but it is far more true for the English.NIGERIA - A British product is very high quality. You'll use it and use it until you are tired. RUSSIA - People are very involved in the life of society, politics. They are very well aware of what is going on.GERMANY - The really crazy people all come from England.SAUDI ARABIA - They don't have any famous artists. They like soccer.2. Marriage CustomsA Directions：In this section you will hear an extract from a radio talk on marriagecustoms in different parts of the world by Professor Robin Stuart. Listen to the talk andanswer the following questions..1)How do people in the West perceive courtship and marriage despite the recent growth inthe number of divorces,?They regard courtship and marriage through the eyes of a Hollywood producer.2)What is very common as far as marriage is concerned in India?Arranged marriage3) In Japan, if one of the young people involved in the arranged meeting says ‘Oh, no, Icould never marry him or her’, what will happen next?They call the whole thing off.B Direction: Listen to the talk again and fill in the blanks.In parts of Africa, a man is allowed to have several wives. Now that sounds fine from the man’s point of view, but in fact the man is taking on a 1) great responsibility. When he takes a new wife and buys her a nice present, he has to buy all his other wives 2) presents of equal value and, although we are obviously speaking of a 3) male-dominated society, the wives often become very close and so, if there is a disagreement in the family, the husband has three or four wives to argue with 4) instead of just one.Now, most listeners, being used to the Western style of courtship and marriage, will assume this is the best system and the one with greatest chance of 5) producing a happy marriage. But pause and reflect. Marriage must always be 6) something of a gamble. Going out with somebody for six months is very different from being married to them for six years.It is true that American women, brought up in the United States, who married Africans and went to live in Africa, have sometimes found it 7) exceedingly difficult to assume the role of the wife of an African living in Africa. However, my observations have led me to believe that various forms of arranged marriage have just as much 8) chance of bringing happiness to the husband and wife as our Western system of choosing marriage partners. TapescriptMarriage CustomsHere is an extract from a radio talk on marriage customs in different parts of the world by Professor Robin Stuart:Despite the recent growth in the number of divorces, we in the West still tend to regard courtship and marriage through the eyes of a Hollywood p roducer. For us it’s a romantic business. Boy meets girl, boy falls in love with girl, boy asks girl to marry him, girl accepts. Wedding, flowers, big celebration.But in other parts of the world things work differently. In India, for instance, arranged marriage is still very common. An intermediary, usually a married lady, learns that a young man wishes to get married and she undertakes to find him a suitable bride. The young couple meets for the first time on the day of the wedding.In Japan, too, arranged marriages still take place. But there things are organized in a different way. A girl wishes to find a husband, and the girl’s mother, or an aunt perhaps, approaches the mother of a suitable young man and the young couples are introduced. They get a chance to have a look at one another and if one of them says ‘Oh, no, I could never marry him or her,they call the whole thing off. But if they like one another, then the wedding goes ahead.In parts of Africa, a man is allowed to have several wives. Now that sounds fine from the man’s point of view, but in fact the man is taking on a great responsibility. When he takes a new wife and buys her a nice present, he has to buy all his wives presents of equal value and, although we are obviously speaking of a male-dominated society, the wives often become very close and so, if there is a disagreement in the family, the husband has three or four wives to argue with instead of just one.Now, most listeners, being used to the Western style of courtship and marriage, will assume that this is the best system and the one with the greatest chance of producing a happy marriage. But pause and reflect. Marriage must always be something of a gamble. Going out with somebody for six months is very different from being married to them for six years.It is true that American women, brought up in the United States, who married Africans and went to live in Africa, have sometimes found it exceedingly difficult to assume the role of the wife of an African living in Africa. However, my observations have led me to believe that various forms of arranged marriage have just as much chance of bringing happiness to the husband and wife as our Western system of choosing marriage partners.3. For Immigrants, Making Small Talk is Big DealA Directions:In this section you will hear a passage about the importance of small talk.Listen and answer the following questions.1) Why is it hard for Americans to find jobs?Because it is the recession time.2) How is Wei Fang feeling in interviews with American employers?He is uncomfortable promoting himself.3) What can make a difference in meeting potential employers in America?Knowing how to make small talk.B Directions: Listen to the passage again. Complete the summary.Wei Fang, who is from the Shanghai area, is getting his MBA at Brandeis University in Boston, Massachusetts, felt 1) blind during his first few job interviews in the United States. When he was in conversation, he didn’t know 2) where to go next.This type of 3)cultural anxiety can be a real disadvantage at interview time. So the Brandeis business school 4) offers a program to help foreign students adapt to the American culture.Ndawula and Mutamba are both from 5) Africa. In their countries, people usually don't chat with strangers. If a woman approaches a man, it could seem 6) suggestive.As part of a homework assignment, Mutamba learned to start 7) talking about the weather with a stranger in a restaurant in America. After a semester's practice, she’s becoming more 8) confident conversationalist.The organizational behavior professor explained that even when workers are qualified, they can end up 9) socally incompetent if they don’t know what the norm of culture are. In Russia, the rule for appropriate behavior in a job interview are to be honest, modest and serious. In America, a 10) smile can get you a job, at least a chance.Tapescript (This is not a word for word tapescript)For Immigrants, Making Small Talk is Big DealThe foreign-born population in the United States is now at an all-time high - more than 10 percent. And while recession-time jobs are hard to come by for Americans, for those born overseas, finding a job here can be even tougher.Wei Fang, who is from the Shanghai area, is getting his MBA at Brandeis University in Boston, Massachusetts. And he's looking for a job in the United States. But he says he's uncomfortable promoting himself in interviews with American employers."In China," he explains, "the employers like the employees to be hard working and quiet. They want you speak only when they want you speak."In meeting potential employers here, knowing how to make small talk can make a big difference. But for foreign workers, promoting themselves - making small talk, "schmoozing," things Americans take for granted - can be tricky. Fang says he felt blind during his first few job interviews here."Lost, actually, when I was in the conversation. I don't know where to go next."This type of cultural anxiety can be a real disadvantage at interview time. So the Brandeis business school offers a program to help foreign students adapt to the American culture.Today is the last day of class. Students from around the world are setting up their final projects, opening laptops and taping posters to the walls. In one corner, Isaac Ndawula stops to talk with fellow student Sheila Mutamba. Her project is learning to make American-style small talk."So after all this, do you intend to take this back home?" (he asks her. She nods.)"I do, because I think small talk is very important."Ndawula is from Uganda, Mutamba from Rwanda. Both say in the part of Africa they come from, you don't get chatty with strangers. Mutamba says now, after a semester's practice, she's becoming a more confident conversationalist. But she says her first attempt at making small talk was very different."I remember that very clearly, because it was very hard. And just 'cause I'm black, I can't blush, but I was really feeling very awkward and very embarrassed," she says with a laugh.As part of a homework assignment, Mutamba says she did something an American might not think twice about. She turned to a stranger in a restaurant and started talking about the weather."So I keep trying to talk, but I have all these things in my head. I'm trying to be appropriate. I'm trying not to be nosey."Back home, she says, things are more conservative. If a woman approaches a man, it could seem suggestive.Adapting to a different set of rulesAndrew Molinksy, who created the Brandeis program, observes, "They don't know the rules. They don't know the script."The organizational behavior professor explains that even when workers are qualified, if they don't know what the norms of the culture are, they can end up looking socially incompetent. That was the case with a Russian engineer he worked with, who had 17 unsuccessful job interviews. Molinsky says she was extremely qualified, "but she kept failing on the interview, and she would get feedback that she wasn't a great fit."The rules for appropriate behavior in a traditional Russian job interview, he says, are to be honest, modest and serious. The engineer told him smiling was inappropriate."All this silly, friendly behavior," he recalls her saying, "if you smile in my culture like this, you look like a fool."But, he points out, in America, it gets you a job, or at least a chance.According to Columbia University Business School professor Michael Morris, in an increasingly global economy, all workers need to learn to manage across cultures. He says there's not much emphasis on that in the U.S. educational system, so it's something many Americans never learn how to do."Despite all the advantages, all the good luck of being born an American, having this great educational system and this affluent country, this is one disadvantage," Morris notes, suggesting we all need to catch up if we want to be global leaders.4. Table Manners and Diet CustomsA Directions:You will hear a dialogue about cultural shock. While listening for the firsttime , write down some key words in the notes column.B Directions:L isten to the dialogue again and decide whether these statements are true orfalse.1) When the man went to the host’s house, he brought a bottle of wine as a gift and theydrank together in the dinner. ( F )2) When Americans accept a gift, they almost always open the gift right away. ( T )3) American hosts are always saying “Eat some more! Take a bit more!”( F )4) Chinese hosts like to say that there is nothing here to eat, it wasn’t prepared very well andthey mean it. ( F ) 5) Since the man has been studying Chinese for a long time, he knows all the customs quite well. ( F ) TapescriptM: Last weekend, I went as a guest to a Chinese friend’s house. It was really an interesting experience! I felt a little bit of cultural shock.F: Really? So you discovered a few China and America’s different customs.M: Definitely. First, Chinese and Americans have very different ways of accepting gifts. When I went to their house, I brought a bottle of wine as a small gift. I originally thought we would drink together as we ate. So I surprised when the host put it aside and didn’t open it. I really didn’t understand but I didn’t say anything.F: You shouldn’t have worried. That’s just a way Chinese people accept gifts. It’s considered impolite to open something right when you receive it. The way Chinese people see it, opening the gift on the same occasion that you receive it seems to imply that you only want to see whether the gift is good or bad and you don’t care about the thought that your friend put into it.M: Oh really? Well I guess it was just a misunderstanding then. Americans almost always open the gift right away. Then they can say something nice to show that they like what theperson gave them.F: When you were having dinner, did they keep encouraging you to eat and drink?M: Yes! They were always saying “Eat some more! Take a bit more!” And the moment there is a bit space in my bowl, they immediately gave me another helping. That day I had 4 bowls of rice, ate I don’t know how much food. I ate so much I couldn’t walk in a straight line. In America, the host won’t urge the guest to eat and drink more. The guest just eats however much they want to eat.F: That’s just the Chinese way of being friendly and welcoming to one’s guests. For Chinese people, making sure their guest eat their fill and eat well is the most important thing.M: Also they set up this incredibly abundant table of food but then they said there is nothing here to eat, it wasn’t prepared very well and other things like that. And it seems even stranger to me. If they have prepared well, then how many dishes will they have to have?F: T hey were just being modest. Even if they had prepared more, they still would have said that. And Chinese hosts would always prepare a whole lot of dishes. Because if they are among meager selection, the host will feel that he had lost face. Preparing a huge feast is a way of showing your respect for the guest.M: Oh the Chinese customs are so complicated. I will never have understood if you haven’t told me.F: Every culture has its own particular ways of doing things though. There are some western customs that Chinese people think are hard to understand.M: I guess what I have learned is that when you study a language, you also have to understand the culture that behind it because otherwise it’s easy to create misunderstandings and miscommunications.F: I agree.Part III WatchingDirections:The extract is taken from BBC. In this extract the host will take you on a journey through the most thrilling art form of the world opera - Italian opera. Watch the video clip and answer the questions.1)When was the first opera unveiled to the delighted audience?In 1647.2)How do the Italian love opera?They love opera. It is in their blood.3)Opera is an entirely new art form in that it uses speech, songs and dance in a moreexpressive, more powerful and more emotional way.AudioscriptBewildering plots, exotic locations, foreign lyrics, spectacular music and yes, temperamental singers and conductors —— This is the world of opera. In these programmes, I will take you on a journey through the most thrilling art form of them all. One where all of human life and emotion are on display. Music fuses with words to create stories of love, betrayal, revenge, sorrow, passion, tragedy and comedy, to create the stirring and most magical world of Italian opera.The Italians love opera. It’s in their blood. In this film, I’ll be looking at four composers who shaped Italian opera, beginning a whole new art form that, 400 years later, is still thrilling audiences.The smell of the greasepaint, this is what opera is all about. I was born into this world. My father was a voice teacher, and he imbued in me a sense of theatre, the voices, the love of vocal music and just this backstage buzz just gets my blood going in a way that no other thing can. And now I’m lucky enough to have one of the to p jobs in opera- music director at the Royal Opera House in London.“Ladies and gentlemen, you have 30 minutes, please. Thank you.”Today is the dress rehearsal of Barbiere di Siviglia and I’m conducting the piece for the first time, so it’s a really bi g moment for me actually. The singers are all getting ready. The announcement has been made that I have to get down to the pit and so that’s where I’m going now.ApplauseOpera began in Italy 200 years before Rossini’s highly charged barber of Seville. A nd the man who composed its first undisputed masterpiece was Claudio Monteverdi.Monteverdi worked as courts composer at the Ducal Palace here in Mantua. He came here in 1590 at the age of 23, employed by the powerful Gonzagas to supply music to order for all kinds of occasions.This is Vincenzo Gonzaga, Monteverdi’s patron. Now here, he is royally clad in ermine and he had plenty of money for his mistresses but was obscenely in arrears when it came to paying Monteverdi for his music. Monteverdi was treated like a slave in this ducal Palace and was miserable, all the while, producing heavenly music.Monteverdi wrote a wide range of music for his employer. And the fashion at the time was for extravagant courtly entertainments, using speech, songs and dance. These were going toprovide the basis for something entirely new. In the late 1590s, a group of Florentine intellectuals got together and tried to find a way to combine music and drama. They wanted to return to the classical Greek and Roman idea of theatre, of declamation, but what they wanted to achieve with the music and this declamation was something more expressive, more powerful, and emotional. Inspired by these ideas, Monteverdi used the Greek myth of Orpheus and created one of the first examples of what was to become a new art form, opera. Orpheus himself is a singer, so of course his story fitted perfectly with the idea of having a completely sung drama. He uses his musical powers at the gates of Hades to bring his wife back from the dead. But before the story starts, there’s a prologue. Introducing his first character, the character named “music”, or the spirit of music if you l ike, perfectly shows this marriage of speech and music.There’s now real pulse in the music, it’s just free. Just a few chords, and yes, almost spoken words, recitativo, or in English, recit, that’s the shorthand we use. This sung speech was the revolutionary idea that created opera, telling a story and developing characters.In a different tempo… “Where have you come from? Where are you going?”Monteverdi successfully integrated this sung speech with songs dance and scenic effects to create a complete dramatic world. And it was unveiled in 1607 to a delighted audience in Mantua at carnival time.Part IV Oral PracticeRole Play: a dinnerDirections: You are an overseas student studying in China. Your Chinese friend invites you to his/ her home for dinner. During this visit, you found a lot of cultural differences between Chinese culture and the one you are from.Possible words from the host:—Help yourself.—Make yourself at home.—Have some more.As a foreign guest, you should try to include the following information in your talk.—the table manners and dining customs in your country—the cultural differences you have perceived since you come to ChinaEnrichment reading (略)。
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
Unit 1 对F的赞美1今年将有好几万的十八岁青年毕业，他们都将被授予毫无意义的文凭。
这些文凭看上去跟颁发给比他们幸运的同班同学的文凭没什么两样。
只有当雇主发现这些毕业生是半文盲时，文凭的效力才会被质疑。
2最后，少数幸运者会进入教育维修车间——成人识字课程，我教的一门关于基础语法和写作的课程就属于这种性质。
在教育维修车间里，高中毕业生和高中辍学生将学习他们本该在学校就学好的技能，以获得同等学力毕业证书。
他们还将发现他们被我们的教育体系欺骗了。
3在我教课的过程中，我对我们的学校教育深有了解。
在每学期开始的时候，我会让我的学生写一下他们在学校的不快体验。
这种时候学生不会有任何写作障碍！“我希望当时有人能让我停止吸毒，让我学习。
”“我喜欢参加派对，似乎没人在意。
”“我是一个好孩子，不会制造任何麻烦，于是他们就让我考试通过，及时我阅读不好，也不会写作。
”很多诸如此类的抱怨。
4我基本是一个空想社会改良家，在教这门课之前我将孩子们的学习能力差归咎于毒品、离婚和其他妨碍注意力集中的东西，要想学习好就必须集中注意力。
但是，我每一次走进教室都会再度发现，一个老师在期望学生全神贯注之前，他必须先吸引学生的注意力，无论附近有什么分散注意力的东西。
要做到这点，有很多种办法，它们与教学风格有很大的关系。
然而，单靠风格无法起效，有另一个办法可以显示谁是在教室里掌握胜局的人。
这个办法就是亮出失败的王牌。
5我永远也忘不了一位老师亮出那张王牌以吸引我的一个孩子的注意。
我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷，学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。
直到施蒂夫特夫人当了他的老师，这种局面才彻底改变了。
6当她教我儿子英语时，我儿子是一个高中高年级学生。
“他坐在后排和他的朋友说话。
”她告诉我。
“你为什么不把他换到前排来？”我恳求道。
我相信令他难堪的做法会让他安心学习。
施蒂夫特夫人从眼睛上方冷冷地看着我。
“我不会换高年级学生的座位。
”她说，“我会给他们不及格的成绩。
Unit 1 Education1. 问答题1）The F word discussed in the essay is flunking.2）Sherry’s attitude toward the F word is positive。
3) What reasons does the author give for believing that the threat of flunking students is a positive teaching tool?Flunking is a healthy threat to students and can ensure the education quality. By contrast，Many students are angry and resentful for having been passed along until they could no longer even pretend to keep up。
4）What choice does the author want to give to students？Why is she particularly interested in the subject?The choice for students is whether to succeed through hard work or to fail without the threat of being flunked. The author is particularly interested in this subject because she herself teaches an adult—literacy class and her own son improved greatly after being threatened with flunking by a strict teacher5）In what sense does the author think that the educational system cheats the students and employers？The present educational system is not strict enough with students so that they can easily graduate with diplomas。
毛大威教育硕士专业学位研究生基础英语课后答案（自己归纳，保证都是标准答案）Unit7 Music单词词组英汉互译作曲家，交响乐，旋律/曲调，节奏音符，主题，音色，和谐/和声。
pop music playwright classical music country musicvocalist/pop singer the blues light music conductorSECTION ATextual organization:General statement: We all listen to music on three separate planesPlane1: the sensuous planeFurther explanation:Listening to music for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself and hearing music without thinking, without considering it in any way.Plane2: the expressive planeFurther explanation:All music has an expressive power, all music has a certain meaning behind the notes and that meaning behind the notes constitutes what the piece(of music) is saying and what the piece is about.Plane3: the sheerly musical planeFurther explanation:Besides the pleasurable sound of music and the expressive felling that it gives off, music does exists in terms of notes themselves and of their manipulation.Yet while listening to music most listener:are not sufficiently conscious of the third plane./tend to listen on one or the other of the three planes.The author concludes that:We listen to music in all three ways/and on all three planes at the same time.The theme of the text:When listen to music ,one should be a more conscious and aware listener—not someone who is just listening, but someone who is listening for something.Understanding long/difficult sentences1. doesn’t need to think anything but just enjoy.2. cause/effect3. the meaning of music4. typical music commentator advocating this idea that music should have meaning.5. discourage wherever and whenever it is met.SECTION BVocabulary studyA)b c a g d h f eB)1. so to speak（可以这么说）2. strive for（争取/奋斗）3.be alive to（对…敏感）4.take into account（考虑/重视）5.sensitive to（灵敏的）6.carried away （忘乎所以）mensurate with(以…相当)8.give off（发出）9.self-evident （不言而喻的）10.clarity（清楚/明晰）C)1.other2.dancing3.else4.stage5.like6.over7.discover8.event9.for 10.madeSECTION CGRAMMAR REVIEWA)1. The new-type cell phone will be made smaller and smaller.新型的手机越造越小。
2. After the storm all the ships with their crews were found out of danger.暴风雨一过，我们发现所有船只和船员都脱离了危险。
3. She went away a little girl and came back a middle-aged scientist她离开时是个孩子，回来时却是个中年科学家。
4. Mr. Green was elected director of the board.大家推选格林先生出任董事长。
5. She felt her bed soft and comfortable.她觉得那张床又软又舒服。
6. Don't leave your things lying about.别把东西到处乱扔。
7. His wife advised him to give up smoking.他的妻子劝他戒烟。
8. Where did you get your films developed.你的胶卷在哪里冲的。
B)1. It is possible that John will come to visit us tomorrow.2. It is sure that the secretary will be there.3. It doesn’t matter very much whether they come or not .4. It is essential that there should be more houses built next year.5. I think it a good idea to walk in the rain.6. I fell it sad to see you sitting all alone.7. Do you find it very dull to live here.8. It was rather difficult to get the car on the boat.C)1. B has2. D place worth seeing3. B 去掉“that”4. B that5. A was it that6. C will it be7. C that8. C takenSECTION DTRANSLATION英译中As a devoted participant in the college annual song contest for the past two years ,it has come to my attention that competitiveness and the desire to win have overthrown the school spirit and overall togetherness that the event was designed to generate. When classes are so bent on winning that they actually resort to spying on their rivals in hopes they can turn their opponents in on some technicality, things in my opinion, have gone just a bit too far, Is it really worth winning if it means deliberately damaging your competition to do it?在过去的两年中，我一直是一年一度校园歌咏比赛的积极参加者。
我注意到，竞争和想取胜的欲望违背了我们的学校精神，违背了学校通过比赛达到全校同学共同参与的初衷。
如果某个年级取胜心切，不惜采取刺探的手法将别人的技巧“偷”到手，我以为这种做法已经有些过分了。
倘若这样做就意味着比赛原则遭到破坏，那么即使赢了又有什么意义呢？中译英让我们假设人们听音乐有三个层面。
第一个是感官层面。
在这个层面上，听音乐的方法最简单。
听音乐不用思考，纯粹为了消遣听音乐美妙的声音。
第二个是表意层面。
我们听音乐不仅听悦耳的声音，还要了解音乐所表达的意思。
每支乐曲都有它的主题，但是，不同的人对同样的音乐有不同的感悟。
最后一个是纯音乐层面。
我们听音乐时，应该注意音乐的旋律、节奏、和声等。
其实，我们决不会只在这三个层面的某一个层面上听音乐。
我们本能地同时在三个层面上听音乐。
Let’s suppose there are three hypothetical, separate planes on which we listen to music. The first plane is sensuous. It is the plane on which we listen for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself and we hear music without thinking, without considering it any way. This is the simplest way of listening to music. The second is the expressive plane. On this plane we listen not only for the pleasure of the musical sound but also for the understanding of what the piece of music is saying. All music has a theme. But while listening, each listener feels for himself the specific expressive quality of the theme. The third plane on which music exists is the sheerly musical plane. When we listen to music we must be prepared to increase our awareness of the melodies. The rhythms, the harmonies etc. Actually, we never listen on only one orthe other of the three planes. What we do is to instinctively listen in all three ways at the same time.Unit8 Life单词词组英汉互译感伤，叙述者，审慎稳重的风格，（文章的）节，冷嘲/反语book review , disabled, heroine, publisher, hearing, plotSECTION ALEARN ABOUT THE TEXTComprehension questions1. b2. a3. c4. d5. a6. a7. b8.cTextual organization:1. At the age of five, she was robbed of her hearing.2. At about 7 years old, she was taught by her grandmother to read.3. She was sent to a progressive school for the deaf.4. Soon after she graduated, she met Jim Lloyd, and they got married.5. Two weeks after the marriage, Lloyd was sent to Europe as a stretcher-bearer while she stayed at home, missing her husband and fighting against the influenza epidemic.6.She and Lloyd finally reunited.Word study:1. has made up her mind 换成is determined/has resolved.2. turned换成resorted3. heavy responsibility to 换成burden4. great disorder 换成chaos5. great sorrow换成grief6. take away 换成rob him of7. responsible for换成guilty about8. well-written 换成well-constructedUnderstanding long/difficult sentences1. ①that shows she is quite familiar with the life of the deaf girl, she knows much about how the girl thinks and feels; ②the writing technique of Itani; ③the deaf girl’s silent life is so vivid；④Grain’s world, her life.2. ①quiet and everything is carefully thought and depicted. ②effective and suitable for describing the simple domestic life. ③still has its remarkable power in winning her readers.SECTION BVocabulary studyA)1. process(处理/过程)2. procedure（程序/步骤）3. procedure（程序/步骤）4. lightly（轻松地）5. slightly（轻微地）6. slightly（纤细地）7. dividing（分开/区分）8. divide（划分）9. split（分离/裂缝/离开）10. deliberate（商议）11. deliberate（深思熟虑）12. considerable（值得考虑）13. alternate（交替/轮流）14. alternative（两者取其一）15. alternative（选择性的）16. suffered（遭受/允许）17. has suffered (宽恕) 18. endured（忍耐）B)1. was submerged（被..淹没）2. affection（喜爱/感情）3.survive（幸存）4.in the hope of（怀着…的希望）5.shallow（肤浅的）6.reassured（使安心）7.progressive（进步的）8.attend to（注意/照料）9.disabled（有缺陷的）10.intensify（使加强）Recognize fact and opinion1. F2.O3.O4.F5.FSECTION CGRAMMAR REVIEWA)1. She has been condemned to a living hell, a place full of pain and torture.2. Earnest Hemingway, my favorite writer, was awarded Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954.3. We visited Europe last month, something we had dreamed of in the last two years.4. “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking pots and eat their bread…” said Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States.5. People cook fish with beer, a common practice in the area.B)1. They are rebuilding the city destroyed by the earthquake.2. She managed to wash the tablecloth stained with ink.3. Her first novel, inspired by her experience in Africa, turns out to be a bestseller.4. That model car, made in Germany, is my favorite.5. I still remember the story told by my grandmother.6. Once opened, the package cannot be returned.7. Once invited, you may set out on Friday.8. If given a blood transfusion, the patient will be saved.9. When exposed to the sunshine, the plant will grow better.10. When cooled to a certain degree, the gas becomes solid.SECTION DTRANSLATION英译中What’s particularly remarkable about this novel is that It ain’s quiet, measured style, which seems so effective for describing the simple details of domestic life, becomes thoroughly stunning when employed in her descriptions of war. Form Jim’s initial burst of patriotic enthusiasm, through stages of blinding terror and sickness, he trudges on for years in the world “no one would believe.”These anecdotes of continuous chaos, blood, and waste serve as a serious reminder of the nature of battle before technology allowed us to pretend that the process of killing could be precise and objective.这部小说特别引人注目之处是作者伊塔妮平静和慎重的写作风格，这种风格用于描绘家庭生活的简朴琐碎十分有效，没想到用于描写战争时会变得如此震撼人心。
