2016年高考英语 热点题型和提分秘籍 专题12 定语从句(含解析)

2016年高考英语全国卷长难句分类精析浪子分析长难句是准确理解长难句的前提，是高考高分的保证。

因此，准确理解长难句是考生应掌握的必备技能。

如何分析长难句？首先找出句子的主干部分(主谓宾,或主系表)，然后再理解句子的修饰、补充成分。

现将2016年高考英语全国卷中出现的长难句分类精析如下：一、主谓之间被定语从句所分隔(2016全国丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly551to479B.C.,influenced the development of chopsticks.[分析]句中that引导一个宾语从句，宾语从句的主语Confucius与谓语influenced the development of chopsticks之间被who引导的非限制性定语从句所分开。

[句意]一些人认为这位生活在公元前约551～479年的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。

二、主谓之间被复杂的同位语所分隔主谓之间被复杂的同位语(“名词+定语从句)所分隔。

如：(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D篇)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within100miles of the South Pole in1908,started a business before his1914voyage to make money from movie and still photography.[分析]Shackleton started a business为句子主干，主语与谓语之间的a onetime British merchant-navy officer…为Shackleton的同位语；在同位语中，who had got to within100miles of the South Pole in1908是定语从句，修饰officer；before his1914voyage为时间状语，to make...是不定式短语作目的状语。

高中语法复习：定语从句讲解及提升练习考点一关系副词引导的定语从句1．关系代词的基本用法在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。

I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造噪音。

2．that和which的用法区别over the world want to learn about China.《今日中国》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。

3．as和which的区别正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。

考点二关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的基本用法将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。

Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。

Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？考点三“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。

Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。

September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。

2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。

高考英语语法定语从句 attributive clause◆概念(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语(修饰某一名词或代词)的从句叫定语从句，一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2) 先行词：被__________修饰的成份。

先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。

(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词 关系代词____, ______, ______, ______, _____, _______关系副词 _____, ______, ______ 在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，定语，状语）第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语、定语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。

考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句1.who ,whom 和whose 引导的定语从句(1)who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中作主语或宾语，做宾语时不可以出现在介词后；whom在从句中作宾语；两者在引导限制性定语从句时可用that 替换。

作主语时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。

◆ I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school _________I met in the English speech contest last year.◆ I have many friends to _________ I’m going to send post cards.◆ The person I want to talk about with is Tu Youyou, the one ______ won theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.(2)whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。

2016年全国高考真题分类汇编---名词性从句高考真题解析1. （2016年北京卷）24.Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.【答案】C【解析】句意：无论你做的什么帮助，你的支持对于我们的工作很重要。

这是一个让步状从。

从句宾语helps前缺定语，故选C。

2. （2016年北京卷）29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____ one can be entirely dust.A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why【答案】B【解析】句意：在雨季最快乐的事情就是一个人可以完全的变成个泥人。

这是一个表语从句。

从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，且不缺词义。

that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，不做任何成分，没有词义。

故选B。

3.（2016年江苏卷）21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A. whyB. whatC. asD. that【答案】D【解析】句意：对于执着于希望的人来说一切皆有可能，这是一种常见情况。

这是主语从句，it做形式主语，而真正的主语则是后面的从句，从句中主系表成分完整，且不缺词义，故选D。

主语从句常见结构It’s+形容词/名词/过去分词+that...4.（2016年天津卷）11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.A. whetherB. thatC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】句意：这个经理建议我们找个助手，因为有太多工作要做。

高考语法填空抢分热点之定语从句养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

一、考点精讲定语从句是历年高考的热门话题。

就2022年的新高考卷I语法填空来说，更是有两个考点涉及到定语从句。

定语从句的常考点：1. 引导定语从句的关系词，尤其是关系代词2. 只用that引导定语从句（1）先行词是all，something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时。

例如：Finally，the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.（最后，小偷把他偷的所有东西都交给了警察。

）（2）先行词被all，any，no，every，few，little，many，much等不定代词修饰时。

例如：I have finished reading all the books that I borrowed from the library. （我己经看完了所有从图书馆借来的书。

）（3）先行词被序数词修饰或先行词本身是序数词时。

例如：The first English book that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper”by Mark Twain.（我读的第一本英文书是马克·吐温的《王子与乞丐》。

）（4）先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

例如：This is the most beautiful park that I have ever visited.（这是我参观过的最美丽的公园。

）（5）先行词中既有人又有物时。

例如：He talked about the teachers and school that he visited.（他谈到了他参观过的老师和学校。

高考定语从句考查热点分析与解题技巧点拨甘肃省临泽一中连世华刘发峥 734200定语从句，由关系代词或关系副词引出，顾名思义，指在主从复合句中对名词或代词起修饰限定作用，充当定语成分的从句，故又名形容词性从句。

其所修饰的名词或代词被称之为先行词。

定语从句由于具有先行词的复杂性﹑关系词的多样性以及关系词在从句中所充当成分的多变性、位置的灵活性等特点, 历年都是高考的重点和难点。

本文通过对比分析近几年高考真题，对定语从句考查的热点及解题技巧加以阐述，希望能对广大考生备战高考有所裨益。

热点一: 考查关系代词whose例1. The prize will go to the writer ______ story shows the most imagination. （2011新课标31）A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what解析：C。

本题考查定语从句，先行词为writer，此处表示作家写的故事，存在所属关系，因此用whose来引导定语从句。

句意：这个奖项会颁给所写故事展现最大想象力的作家。

解题技巧：如果空格后为名词，且和先行词构成所属关系，不论先行词是物还是人, 都用whose。

在这种情况下, 也可用 the +名词+of which（指物）或the +名词+of whom（指人）代替whose+名词，如例1中whose story相当于the story of whom。

这种变式题也是近年高考的热点。

例2. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____ had taken more than three years. （2011江西）A. for whichB. with whichC. of whichD. to which解析：C。

前后句中间有逗号，判断为非限制性定语从句；根据句意：她带领游客参观了博物馆，这家博物馆的建造历时三年多。

高三语法复习---定语从句考点1关系代词引导的定语从句1.［2016·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)］SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,livedfromroughlR551to479B.C.,influencedthedevelopment(develop)ofchopsticks.2.［2016·北京］IliveneRtdoortoacouple childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.3.［2016·江苏］ManRRoungpeople,mostof werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.4.［2015·安徽］SomeeRpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskillupon schooleducationdepends.5.［2015·江苏］Thenumberofsmokers, isreported,hasdroppedbR17percentinjustoneRear.6.［2015·四川］Thebooksonthedesk, coversareshinR,areprizesforus.7.［2015·重庆］HewrotemanRchildren’sbooks,nearlRhalfof werepublishedinthe1990s.8.［2015·福建］ChinaTodaR attractsaworldwidereadership, showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.9.［20RR·山东］AcompanR profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmaRseekopportunitiesabroad.10.［20RR·江西］AmongthemanRdangers sailorshavetoface,probablRthegreatestofallisfog.11.［20RR·安徽］TheeRactRear AngelaandherfamilRspenttogetherinChinawas20RR.12.［20RR·重庆］We’llreachthesalestargetsinamonth wesetatthebeginningoftheRear.13.［20RR·四川］Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren, isquiteuneRpected．14.［20RR·北京］IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarRlastweek, mRclassmatesrecommendedtome.15.［20RR·陕西］Pleasesendusalltheinformation Rouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.16.［20RR·福建］ThebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeResofthose liveswereaffected.17.［20RR·江苏］ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksaRshehasapassionforChina, heremembersstartingasearlRashischildhood.18.［20RR·山东］Thereisnosimpleanswer, isoftenthecaseinscience.19.［20RR·湖南］Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.20.［20RR·山东］FinallRhereachedalonelRisland wascompletelRcutofffromtheoutsideworld.21.［20RR·重庆］Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostof arefamilRmembers.22.[20RR·天津]Wehavelaunchedanothermanmadesatellite, isannouncedintodaR’s newspaper.23.［20RR·天津］IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.24.［20RR·山东］Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.25.［20RR·大纲全国Ⅱ］Thatevening, IwilltellRoumoreaboutlater,IendedupworkingverRlate.26.［20RR·江西］BR16:30, wasalmostclosingtime,nearlRallthepaintingshadbeensold.27.[2016·四川改错]ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavorite.考点2关系副词引导的定语从句28.［2016·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）］ButmRconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomRdaRsonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermitted tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.29.［2016·天津］WewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilneRtweek, theweathermaRbebetter.30.［2015·北京］OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch, RoucanhearsomelovelRmusic.31.［2015·陕西］AsthesmallestchildofhisfamilR,AleRisalwaRslongingforthetime heshouldbeabletobeindependent.32.［2015·天津］ThebossofthecompanRistrRingtocreateaneasRatmosphere hisemploReesenjoRtheirwork.33.［20RR·江苏］ThebookhashelpedmegreatlRinmRdailRcommunication,especiallRatworkagoodimpressionisamust.34.［20RR·福建］StudentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunitRactivities theRcangaineRperienceforgrowth.35.［20RR·湖南］IamlookingforwardtothedaR mRdaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmRfeelingsforher.36.［20RR·浙江］Ididn’tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade, Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.37.［20RR·新课标全国Ⅱ］WhenIarrived,BrRantookmetoseethehouse IwouldbestaRing.38.［20RR·四川］NowadaRspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment theRlive.39.［20RR·江西］Hewrotealetter heeRplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.40.［20RR·北京］ManRcountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks animalsandplantscanbeprotected.41.［20RR·浙江］ThemuseumwillopeninthespringwithaneRhibitionandaviewingplatformvisitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesbeingbuilt.42.［20RR·浙江］Weliveinanage moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.考点3"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句43.［2016·浙江］ScientistshaveadvancedmanRtheoriesaboutwhRhumanbeingscrRtears,noneof hasbeenproved.44.［2015·浙江］Creatinganatmospherein emploReesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.45.［20RR·天津］EnglishisalanguagesharedbRseveraldiversecultures,eachof usesitdifferentlR.46.［20RR·浙江］Thechildren,allof hadplaRedthewholedaRlong,werewornout.47.［20RR·辽宁］HemaRwinthecompetition,in caseheislikelRtogetintothenationalteam.48.［20RR·湖南］Careofthesoulisagradualprocessin eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.语法填空：Itwas Valentine’s DaR______alittleoldcouple______lookedoutofplacewalkedinto McDonald’s________manRRoungcouplewereeating.TheRwalkedrightuptothecashregister,_______theRplacedtheirorderwithnohesitationandpaid fortheirmeal.Seatedatthetablenearthebackwall,theRstartedtakingfoodoffthetraR,_________contai nsonehamburger,oneorderofFrenchfriesandonedrink.CarefullR,theoldmancutthehamburgerinhalf, countedouttheFrenchfries,anddividedthemintwopoles,oneshareof________wasneatlRplacedinfro ntofhiswife.Hetookasipofthedrink.Sodidhiswife.Astheoldman_____________thecrowdwerecuriousbegantoeathisshare,whilehiswifejustsatt here,watchinghimattentivelR,thecrowdbegantogetrestless,thinkingalltheRcouldaffordwasjustone mealforthetwoofthem.ARoungman______wascoolandgentlecameovertotheold couple’s tableandpolitelRofferedtobuRan othermealforthem.Theoldmanrefused,saRingtheRwereusedtosharingeverRthing. AgainandagaintheRoungmanofferedtobuR,________facewentred,buthefailed.Astheoldmanfinish edeatingandwaswipinghisfacewithanapkin,at________timetheRoungmancouldstanditnolongeran dwonderedwhattheRshared,demandingananswertoit.TheoldmantoldhimpeacefullRthethereason_ ________she didn’t eatwasthatshewaswaitingfortheteeth.Sototheworld,RoumaRjustbesomebodR…bu ttosomebodR,RoumaRbetheworld.when,who,where;where,which,which;aboutwhom;who;whose,which,whR用定语从句适当合并：OurclassisabigfamilR.Itconsistsof12girlsand50boRs.MostofthemaremainlRfromthecountrRsi de.ZhaoQiangisakind-heartedboR.HeisalwaRsreadRtohelpothers.HeissuchagoodboRthatwealllik ehim.OurclassisabigfamilRwhichconsistsof12girlsand50boRs,mostofwhomaremainlRfromthecou ntrRside.ZhaoQiangisakind-heartedboR,whoisalwaRsreadRtohelpothers.Heis such agoodbo Raswealllike.翻译句子：1.这是李华第一次出国留学。

专题10 定语从句（解析版）【高考预测】高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类，其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词，不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。

因此在学习定语从句时，务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。

预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。

【考点归纳】定语从句是高考的热点，对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词；2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词；3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；4.介词+关系代词的用法；5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断；6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。

（1）命题规律一、主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。

二、高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。

考点透析考点1：关系代词一览表考点2：that与which，who，whom的用法区别that和which的用法区别:在定语从句中，关系代词which和that都可指物，一般情况下，可以互换使用。

但在下列情况下值得注意：(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或学*科*网序数词修饰时，只能用that。

如：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。

(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时，只能用that。

如：Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。

(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。

如：This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。

2016年高考英语（北京卷）试题与答案解析2016年高考英语（北京卷）试题与答案解析第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题 1 分，共15 分）从每题所给的ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again ________,we last met more than thirty years ago.A.What’s moreB.That’s to sayC.In other wordsD.Believe it or not答案是D。

21.Jackin the lab when the power cut occurred.A.worksB.has workedC.was workingD.would work【答案】C考点：考查时态【名师点睛】一、过去进行时的构成：was/were+动词的现在分词(--ing)二、过去进行时的用法：1、表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作，通常与表过去的时间壮语连用。

例如：At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天这个时候，我正在收拾东西去露营。

2、表移动的动词，如come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等词的过去进行时，可以表示过去将要发生的动作。

例如：She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告诉我她将去海南度假。

3、在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生之后，另一个动作正在进行。

例如：It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。

1．She brought forward a plan _______ we didn’t agree.A．that B．whichC．/ D．to which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句中的介词+which。

句意：她提出了一个我们不同意的计划。

agree to sth.为固定搭配，意为“不赞成某事”。

分析句子可知，句中的a plan后面被一个定语从句修饰。

而先行词plan在从句中作介词to的宾语，所以要用关系词which，其中的介词to可提到关系which之前，即to which，故选D项。

2．East of the mountain ______two towns,one of______is my hometown.A．lie;which B．lies;whichC．lie;where D．lies; thatA【答案】A．on which B．on whomC．of which D．of whom【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：帮助残疾人的建议会产生积极的反响，其中的影响对于青少年来说将会更加持久。

分析句子可知，本句的先行词是前面的positive reaction, 而先行词在定语从句中作the impact of 的介词宾语，即the impact of the positive reaction, 所以the impact和前面的句子是一种所属关系，即这件事情的影响。

the reaction是先行词，指的是物，要用which。

非限制性定语从句中可以把the +n+of+which提到句首，所以用介词of+which来引导定语从句，故选C4．The Tang Dynasty is generally considered to be a golden chapter by people worldwide, ______ the Chinese civilization influenced many neighboring countries.A．where B．who1 11C．which D．when【答案】DA．that B．whereC．when D．which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。

定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定，所以叫做定语从句。

在主句中充当定语成分。

〖2014定从复习1〗My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it〖2014定从复习2〗The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ______was more than we could expect.?A.itB.whatC.whichD.that〖2014定从复习3〗I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ____I met in the English speech contest last year.A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which〖2014定从复习4〗The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.A. whomB. whichC. themD. those〖2014定从复习5〗A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever〖2014定从复习6〗In china, the number of cities is increasing ______development is recognized across the world.A. whereB. whichC. whoseD. that〖2014定从复习7〗Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effects the people are still suffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what〖2014定从复习8〗_____is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What比较：___is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.〖2014定从复习9〗Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office.?A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it〖2014定从复习10〗____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What〖2014定从复习11〗Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course, made the others envy him.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which〖2014定从复习12〗____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A. ThatB. AsC. ItD. What地点：where/which /that 时间：when/which/that〖2014定从复习13〗The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where〖2014定从复习14〗I can think of many cases _____ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’twrite a good essay.A. whyB. whichC. asD. where〖2014定从复习15〗Occasions are quite rare .I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when〖2014定从复习16〗We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. when〖2014定从复习17〗The film brought the hours back to me_______I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?(1)定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配Gun control is a subject _____ Americans have argued for a long time.(about which--- argue about sth)There is no one _____ she can turn when in trouble(to whom----turn to sb for help)(2)先行词常和什么介词搭配。

专题12 定语从句【高频考点解读】定语从句是高考的热点，主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。

主要考点有：①关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句；②关系副词where引导的定语从句(近三年来常考查先行词是表示抽象空间概念的名词的情况)；③“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句；④as引导的非限制性定语从句。

【热点题型】题型一关系代词引导的定语从句例1、You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station________ you can hire to reach your host family.A．which B．whereC．when D．as【易错剖析】本题易误选B。

原因是找错了先行词，本句中定语从句的先行词是taxis，而不是the bus station。

【提分秘籍】1．which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语(可省略)。

I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.我拒绝因别人的过错而承担责任。

2．who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语(可省略)。

I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English speech contest last year.我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。

3．whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词＋of which或of which＋名词。

of whom可以代替whose指人，词序是名词＋of whom。

专题十二定语从句【2015高考考纲解读】定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。

纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括：1．考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。

2．考查whose的使用。

3．考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。

4．考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。

5．考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。

“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。

关系代词作定语时也可用whose。

6．考查一些特殊的先行词。

7．考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。

【热点题型】题型一考查关系代词that与which例1、China has 56 nationalities，each of ______ has its own characteristics，forming the various and colorful Chinese culture.A．them B．whatC．that D．which【提分秘籍】关系代词that与which 的用法区别1．关系代词指代物，而引导词只用which 不用that 的情况。

(1)关系代词指物，作介词宾语的时候。

(2)关系代词指前面的整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句时。

2．that 和which 都指物时，在下列四种情况下一般用that 而不用which。

(1)当先行词是all，everything，something，nothing，anything，much，little，few 等不定代词时。

(2)当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。

(3)当先行词被the very，the only，just 等修饰时。

(4)当人和物同时作先行词时。

(5)当主句的主语是疑问词who 或which时。

【举一反三】1.He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle，__________ was unexpected.A．which B．asC．that D．it2.In spite of all__________has been said，quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the prices of housing in China.A．what B．/C．which D．that3.They talked for about an hour of things and people __________ they remembered in the school.A．which B．thatC．who D．whom【热点题型】题型二考查whose和of whom，of which引导的定语从句例2、(1)We live in the room，__________ window faces the north.(2)We live in the room，__________ the window faces the north.(3)We live in the room，__________ faces the north.A．which B．whoseC．of which D．the window of which【提分秘籍】whose和of whom，of which引导的定语从句whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，相当于my，his，her，its，their等，修饰人或物。

【高频考点解读】名词性从句是高考常考的语法项目，主要考查对连接词的正确把握。

分析历年各地的高考试题不难发现，连接代词what的用法是考查的热点.另外，在同位语从句中，经常考查that的用法.除此之外，其他连接词的用法以及从句的语序也时有考查.【热点题型】题型一主语从句例1、It doesn't matter ________ you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.A．whether B．howC．if D．when【易错剖析】本题容易误选C。

if只有在宾语从句中有“是否"含义，与whether换用,主语从句只能用whether.【提分秘籍】1．引导词（1）that不充当句子成分，本身无意义,仅起连接作用,但不能省略.（2）whether不充当句子成分，但有“是否”的意义,不能省略,不能用if代替.还常和or连用，构成“whether...or。

.……或者……”。

(3)who,whom,what，which，whose本身有意义（和其作疑问词同义)，在句中作主语、宾语或定语，不能省略.(4）where,when,how，why本身有意义（和其作疑问词同义），在句中作状语,不能省略.(5）whever引导的从句和不带ever的引导词在句中所做成分一样，但其意义上多了“无论……；任何……”的含义。

What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness。

Barbara Jones给她粉丝的就是诚信和快乐。

Whether there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn’t been proved up to now.外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物迄今尚未确定.2．由it作形式主语的句型(1）It＋be＋形容词（obvious，natural,good,funny，etc。