Sensors for Automation

Sensors and Actuators for Automationand Robotics自动化和机器人技术正日益普及，使得各种设备和系统可以以更高的效率、更高的速度和更好的精度完成各种任务。

传感器和执行器是使这些自动化设备和机器人能够顺利运行的重要组成部分。

在本篇文章中，我们将深入探讨传感器和执行器在自动化和机器人领域的应用，以及技术发展的趋势和挑战。

一、传感器的应用传感器是一种用于测量、检测和获取环境信息的设备，可以将外部环境的物理量（如压力、温度、湿度等）转换为能够理解的电信号。

传感器的种类非常多，例如温度传感器、压力传感器、光学传感器等等。

在自动化和机器人领域，传感器的主要作用是获取环境信息，然后将这些信息反馈给控制系统进行响应。

例如，光电传感器被广泛应用于自动化生产线上检测物品的位置、形状和尺寸，以及检测产品质量和合格率。

由于传感器的应用非常广泛，因此它们的功能也必须满足不同的需求。

例如，在高温、高压或腐蚀的环境中，需要使用耐高温、耐高压或耐腐蚀的传感器。

同时，一些特殊应用场景需要使用微型传感器，因为它们在体积、重量和功耗方面都非常小。

最近，随着无线通信技术和微电子技术的发展，无线传感器网络（WSN）正在越来越普及。

WSN是一种由大量微型传感器节点组成的网络，节点间通过无线信号进行通信，可以用于监测环境和诊断设备。

二、执行器的应用执行器是一种将电信号转换为机械运动的设备，通常用于控制机械系统的运动。

与传感器类似，执行器也有多种类型，包括电动机、气动执行器和液压执行器等。

自动化和机器人领域中最常用的执行器是电动机，包括步进电机、直流电机和交流电机等。

在机器人和自动化系统中，执行器的作用是控制机器人的运动和动作。

例如，在自动化生产线上，执行器可以控制机器臂的位置和速度，从而完成物品的组装和排列。

在机器人中，执行器可以控制机器人的运动和抓取物体的力度。

近年来，软机器人的应用也越来越普及。

自动化专业常用英语词汇自动化是一门涉及机械、电子、计算机和控制系统等多个领域的学科，它致力于研究和开发能够自动执行任务的系统和设备。

在自动化专业的学习和工作中，熟悉和掌握常用的英语词汇是非常重要的。

下面是自动化专业常用英语词汇的详细介绍。

1. Automation - 自动化Automation refers to the use of technology to control and operate a system or process without human intervention. It involves the use of various control systems, such as computers and robots, to perform tasks automatically.2. Control system - 控制系统A control system is a set of devices or software that manages and regulates the behavior of a system. It includes sensors, actuators, controllers, and communication networks that work together to maintain the desired performance of the system.3. Robotics - 机器人技术Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, and operation of robots. It involves the use of mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering principles to create machines that can perform tasks autonomously or with human assistance.4. Sensor - 传感器A sensor is a device that detects and responds to physical inputs, such as light, temperature, pressure, or motion. It converts these inputs into electrical signals that can be processed by a control system.5. Actuator - 执行器An actuator is a device that converts electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic energy into mechanical motion. It is used to control or move a mechanism or system, such as opening or closing a valve or moving a robotic arm.6. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) - 可编程逻辑控制器A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a specialized computer used to control and automate industrial processes. It is programmable and can be easily reconfigured to adapt to different tasks or requirements.7. Human-Machine Interface (HMI) - 人机界面The human-machine interface (HMI) is the user interface through which an operator interacts with a control system. It typically consists of a graphical display, buttons, and other input/output devices that allow the operator to monitor and control the system.8. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) - 监控与数据采集系统Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) is a system used to monitor and control industrial processes. It collects real-time data from various sensors and devices and provides a graphical interface for operators to monitor and control the system.9. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) - 工业物联网The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) refers to the use of internet-connected devices and sensors in industrial settings to collect and exchange data. It enables real-time monitoring, analysis, and control of industrial processes, leading to improved efficiency and productivity.10. Machine Learning - 机器学习Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that focuses on the development of algorithms and models that allow computers to learn and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. It is widely used in automation to improve system performance and decision-making.11. Control loop - 控制回路A control loop is a closed-loop system that continuously monitors and adjusts the output of a process to maintain a desired setpoint. It typically consists of a sensor, controller, and actuator that work together to regulate the system.12. Feedback - 反馈Feedback is the process of returning a portion of the output of a system back to the input for comparison and adjustment. It is used in control systems to continuously monitor and correct deviations from the desired performance.13. PID controller - 比例-积分-微分控制器A PID controller is a type of control algorithm that uses proportional, integral, and derivative actions to control a system. It is widely used in automation to achieve accurate and stable control of processes.14. Fault diagnosis - 故障诊断Fault diagnosis is the process of identifying and diagnosing faults or malfunctions in a system. It involves analyzing sensor data, system behavior, and performance to determine the cause of the problem and take appropriate corrective actions.15. Safety system - 安全系统A safety system is a set of measures and devices designed to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. It includes emergency stop buttons, safety interlocks, and protective barriers to minimize the risk of injury or damage.以上是自动化专业常用英语词汇的详细介绍。

自动化专业常用英语词汇自动化专业是现代工程技术领域的重要学科之一，涉及到许多与自动化技术相关的概念和术语。

掌握自动化专业常用的英语词汇对于学习和工作都至关重要。

以下是一些常见的自动化专业英语词汇及其解释，供您参考。

1. Automation - 自动化Automation refers to the use of technology, machinery, and systems to perform tasks or processes with minimal human intervention.2. Control system - 控制系统A control system is a set of devices or software that manages, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems.3. Sensor - 传感器A sensor is a device that detects and responds to physical or environmental changes, such as temperature, pressure, or motion.4. Actuator - 执行器An actuator is a device that converts electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic energy into mechanical motion to control or move a system or mechanism.5. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) - 可编程逻辑控制器A PLC is a digital computer used to control electromechanical processes in industries. It is programmed to automate specific tasks or processes.6. Human Machine Interface (HMI) - 人机界面HMI refers to the interface or interaction between humans and machines. It allows users to monitor and control automated systems through graphical user interfaces.7. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) - 监控与数据采集系统SCADA is a system that collects and analyzes real-time data from remote devices or processes. It is commonly used in industries to monitor and control large-scale systems.8. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) - 工业物联网IIoT refers to the network of interconnected devices, sensors, and systems used in industrial settings to collect and exchange data. It enables automation and data-driven decision-making.9. Robotics - 机器人技术Robotics involves the design, construction, and operation of robots. It combines elements of mechanical engineering, electronics, and computer science to create machines that can perform tasks autonomously or with human guidance.10. Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能AI refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as speech recognition, decision-making, and problem-solving.11. Machine Learning - 机器学习Machine learning is a subset of AI that focuses on the development of algorithms and models that allow computers to learn and improve from data without being explicitly programmed.12. Control loop - 控制回路A control loop is a feedback system used in control systems to continuously monitor and adjust the output based on the desired input or setpoint.13. Feedback - 反馈Feedback is the information or signals received by a control system that allows it to compare the actual output with the desired output and make necessary adjustments.14. Process optimization - 过程优化Process optimization involves improving the efficiency, performance, or quality of a system or process through the use of automation and data analysis.15. Fault diagnosis - 故障诊断Fault diagnosis is the process of identifying and analyzing faults or malfunctions in a system or process. It often involves using sensors, data analysis, and diagnostic algorithms.16. System integration - 系统集成System integration refers to the process of combining different subsystems or components into a unified system that functions as a whole. It involves connecting, configuring, and testing various hardware and software components.17. Industrial control network - 工业控制网络An industrial control network is a communication network used to connect and control devices, sensors, and systems in an industrial environment. It enables data exchange and coordination between different components.18. Safety system - 安全系统A safety system is a set of measures, devices, or procedures designed to prevent accidents, protect personnel, and ensure the safe operation of automated systems.19. Process automation - 过程自动化Process automation refers to the use of technology and systems to automate and streamline industrial processes, reducing human intervention and improving efficiency.20. Data acquisition - 数据采集Data acquisition is the process of collecting and recording data from sensors, devices, or systems. It is an essential step in monitoring and controlling automated processes.以上是一些常见的自动化专业英语词汇及其解释。

Development of Sensor New TechnologySensor is one kind component which can transform the physical quantity, chemistry quantity and the biomass into electrical signal. The output signal has the different forms like the voltage, the electric current, the frequency, the pulse and so on, which can satisfy the signal transmission, processing, recording, and demonstration and control demands. So it is the automatic detection system and in the automatic control industry .If automatic Technology is used wider, t hen sensor is more important.Several key words of the sensor：1 Sensor ElementsAlthough there are exception ,most sensor consist of a sensing element and a conversion or control element. For example, diaphragms,bellows,strain tubes and rings, bourdon tubes, and cantilevers are sensing elements which respond to changes in pressure or force and convert these physical quantities into a displacement. This displacement may then be used to change an electrical parameter such as voltage, resistance, capacitance, or inductance. Such combination of mechanical and electrical elements form electromechanical transducing devices or sensor. Similar combination can be made for other energy input such as thermal. Photo, magnetic and chemical,giving thermoelectric, photoelectric,electromaanetic, and electrochemical sensor respectively.2 Sensor SensitivityThe relationship between the measured and the sensor output signal is usually obtained by calibration tests and is referred to as the sensor sensitivity K1= output-signal increment / measured increment . In practice, the sensor sensitivity is usually known, and, by measuring the output signal, the input quantity is determined from input= output-signal increment / K1.3 Characteristics of an Ideal SensorThe high sensor should exhibit the following characteristics.(a)high fidelity-the sensor output waveform shape be a faithful reproduction of the measured; there should be minimum distortion.(b)There should be minimum interference with the quantity being measured; the presence of the sensor should not alter the measured in any way.(c)Size. The sensor must be capable of being placed exactly where it is needed.(d)There should be a linear relationship between the measured and the sensor signal.(e)The sensor should have minimum sensitivity to external effects, pressure sensor,for example,are often subjected to external effects such vibration and temperature.(f)The natural frequency of the sensor should be well separated from the frequency and harmonics of the measurand.Sensors can be divided into the following categories：1 Electrical SensorElectrical sensor exhibit many of the ideal characteristics. In addition they offer high sensitivity as well as promoting the possible of remote indication or mesdurement. Electrical sensor can be divided into two distinct groups:(a)variable-control-parameter types,which include:(i)resistance(ii)capacitance(iii)inductance(iv)mutual-inductance typesThese sensor all rely on external excitation voltage for their operation.(b)self-generating types,which include(i)electromagnetic(ii)thermoelectric(iii)photoemissive(iv)piezo-electric typesThese all themselves produce an output voltage in response to the measurand input and their effects are reversible. For example, a piezo-electric sensor normally produces an output voltage in response to the deformation of a crystalline material; however, if an alternating voltage is applied across the material, the sensor exhibits the reversible effect by deforming or vibrating at the frequency of the alternating voltage.2 Resistance SensorResistance sensor may be divided into two groups, as follows:(i)Those which experience a large resistance change, measured by using potential-divider methods. Potentiometers are in this group.(ii)Those which experience a small resistance change, measured by bridge-circuit methods. Examples of this group include strain gauges and resistance thermometers.3 Capacitive SensorThe capacitance can thus made to vary by changing either the relative permittivity, the effective area, or the distance separating the plates. The characteristic curves indicate thatvariations of area and relative permittivity give a linear relationship only over a small range of spacings. Thus the sensitivity is high for small values of d.??Unlike the potentionmeter, the variable-distance capacitive sensor has an infinite resolution making it most suitable for measuring small increments of displacement or quantities which may be changed to producea displacement.4 Inductive SensorThe inductance can thus be made to vary by changing the reluctance of the inductive circuit. Measuring techniques used with capacitive and inductive sensor:(a)A.C. excited bridges using differential capacitors inductors.(b)A.C. potentiometer circuits for dynamic measurements.(c)D.C. circuits to give a voltage proportional to velocity for a capacitor.(d)Frequency-modulation methods, where the change of C or L varies the frequency of an oscillation circuit.Important features of capacitive and inductive sensor are as follows:(i)resolution infinite(ii)accuracy±0.1% of full scale is quoted(iii)displacement ranges 25*10-6 m to 10-3m(iv)rise time less than 50us possibleTypical measurands are displacement, pressure, vibration, sound, and liquid level.5 Linear Variable-differential Ttransformer6 Piezo-electric Sensor7 Electromagnetic Sensor8 Thermoelectric Sensor9 Photoelectric Cells10 Mechanical Sensor and Sensing ElementsIn information age, the information industry includes information gathering, transmission, process three parts, namely sensor technology, communication, computer technology. Because of ultra large scale integrated circuit’s rapid development after having been developed Modern computer technology and communication, not only requests sensor precision reliability, speed of response and gain information content request more and more high but also requests its cost to be inexpensive. The obvious traditional sensor is eliminated gradually because of the function, the characteristic, the volume, the cost and so on. As world develop many countries are speeding up to the sensor new technology’s research and thedevelopment, and all has obtained the enormous breakthrough. Now the sensor new technology development mainly has following several aspects:Using the physical phenomenon, the chemical reaction, the biological effect as the sensor principle therefore the researches which discovered the new phenomenon and the new effect are the sensor technological improving ways .it is important studies to developed new sensor’s the foundation. Japanese Sharp Corporation uses the superconductivity technology to develop successfully the high temperature superconductivity magnetic sensor and get the sensor technology significant breakthrough. Its sensitivity is so high and only inferior in the superconductivity quantum interference component. Its manufacture craft is far simpler than the superconductivity quantum interference component. May use in magnetism image formation technology. So it has the widespread promoted value.Using the immune body and the antigen meets one another compound when the electrode surface. It can cause the electrode potential change and use this phenomenon to be possible to generate the immunity sensor. The immunity sensor makes with this kind of immune body may to some organism in whether has this kind of ant original work inspection. Like may inspect somebody with the hepatitis virus immune body whether contracts the hepatitis, plays to is fast, the accurate role. The US UC sixth branch has developed this kind of sensor.The sensor material is the important foundation for sensor technology, because the materials science is progressive and the people may make each kind of new sensor For example making the temperature sensor with the high polymer thin film; The optical fiber can make the pressure, the current capacity, the temperature, the displacement and so on the many kinds of sensors; Making the pressure transmitter with the ceramics. The high polymer can become the proportion adsorption and the release hydrogen along with the environment relative humidity size. The high polymer electricity lies between the constant to be small, the hydrogen can enhance the polymer the coefficient of dialectical loss. Making the capacitor the high polymer dielectric medium, determines the electric capacity cape city the change, then obtains the relative humidity. Making the plasma using this principle to gather the legitimate polystyrene film temperature sensor below, it has the characteristic.Measured the wet scope is wide; The temperature range is wide, may reach -400 ℃ ~ +1,500 ℃; The speed of response is quick, is smaller than 1S; The size is small, may use in the small space measuring wet; The temperature coefficient issmall.The ceramic electric capacity type pressure transmitter is one kind does not have the intermediary fluid the dry type pressure transmitter. Uses the advanced ceramic technology, the heavy film electronic technology, its technical performance is stable, the year drifting quantity is smaller than 0.1%F.S, warm floats is smaller than ±0.15%/10K, anti- overloads strongly, may reach the measuring range several hundred times. The survey scope may from 0 to 60mpa.German E+H Corporation and the American Kahlo Corporation product is at the leading position.The optical fiber application is send the material significant breakthrough, its uses in most early the optical communication techniques. In the optical communication use discovered works as environmental condition change and so on the temperature, pres-sure, electric field, magnetic field, causes the fiber optic transmission light wave intensity, the phase, the frequency, change and so on the polarization condition, the survey light wave quantity change, may know causes these light wave physical quantity the and so on quantitative change temperature, pressure ,electric field, magnetic field size, uses these principles to be possible to develop the optical fiber sensor. The optical fiber sensor and the traditional sensor compare has many characteristics: Sensitivity high, the structure simple, the volume small, anti-corrosive, the electric insulation good, the path of rays may be curving, be advantageous for the realization telemeter and so on. Optical fiber sensor Japan is in the advanced level. Like Idec Izumi Corporation and Sun x Corporation. The optical fiber send receiver and the integrated path of rays technology unify, accelerates the optical fiber sensor technology development. Will integrate the path of ray’s component to replace the original optics part and the passive light component; enable the optical fiber sensor to have the high band width, the low signal processing voltage, the reliability high, the cost will be low.In semiconductor technology processing method oxygenation, the photo etc hang, the proliferation, the deposition, the plane electron craft, various guides corrosion and steams plates, the sputtering thin film and so on, these have all introduced to the sensor manufacture. Thus has produced each kind of new sensor, like makes the silicon micro sensor using the semiconductor technology, makes the fast response using the thin film craft the gas to be sensitive, the wet sensitive sensor, the use sputtering thin film craft system pressure transmitter and so on..The Japanese horizontal river company uses various guides’ corrosion technologyto carry on the high accuracy three dimensional processing; the system helps the silicon resonance type pressure transmitter. The core partially presses two resonant Liang by the feeling which above the silicon diaphragm and the silicon diaphragm manufactures to form, two resonant Liang's frequency difference correspondence different pressure, measures the pressure with the frequency difference method, may eliminate the error which factor and so on ambient temperature brings. When ambient temperature change, two resonant Liang frequencies and the amplitude variation are same, after two frequency differences, its same change quantity can counterbalance mutually. It’s survey most h igh accuracy may reach 0.01%FS.American Silicon Microstructure Inc.(SMI) the company develops a series of low ends, linear in 0.1% to 0.In 65% scope silicon micro pressure transmitter, the lowest full measuring range is 0.15psi (1KPa), it makes take the silicon as the material, has the unique three dimensional structure, the light slight machine-finishing, makes the wheat stone bridge many times with the etching on the silicon diaphragm, when above silicon chip stress, it has the distortion, the resistance produces presses the anti- effect but to lose the bridge balance, the output and the pressure becomes the proportion the electrical signal.Such silicon micro sensor is the front technology which now the sensor develops, Its essential feature is the sensitive unit volume is a micron magnitude, Is the traditional sensor several dozens, several 1%. In aspect and so on industry control, aerospace domain, biomedicine has the vital role, like on the airplane the use may reduce the airplane weight, reduces the energy. Another characteristic is can be sensitive is small surveyed, may make the blood pressure pressure transmitter.The Chinese aviation main corporation Beijing observation and control technical research institute, the development CYJ series splashes thanks the membrane pressure transmitter is uses the ion sputtering craft to process the metal strain gauge, it has over come the nonmetallic strain gauge easily the temperature influence insufficiency, has the high stability, is suitable in each kind of situation, is measured the medium scope widely, but also overcame the tradition lowly to glue the precision which the type brought, sluggish big, shortcoming and so on slow change, had the precision high, the re-liability is high, the volume small characteristic, widely used in domain and so on aviation, petroleum, chemical industry, medical service.Integrates the sensor the superiority is the traditional sensor is unable to achieve, it is a simple sensor not merely, it in at the same time the auxiliary circuit part andsend the part will integrate on together the chip, will cause it to have the calibration, to compensate, from the diagnosis and the network correspondence function, it might reduce the cost, the gain in yield, this kind of blood pressure senso r which American LUCAS, NOVASENSOR Corporation will develop, each week will be able to produce 10,000.The intellectualized sensor is one kind of belt microprocessor sensor, is achievement which the microcomputer and the sensor unifies, it has at the same time the examination, the judgment and the information processing function, compares with the traditional sensor has very many characteristics:Has the judgment and the information processing function, can carry on the revision, the error to the observed value compensates, thus enhancement measuring accuracy; May realize the multi-sensor multi parameters survey; Has from the diagnosis and from the calibration function, enhances the reliability; The survey data may deposit and withdraw, easy to operate; Has the data communication interface, can and the microcomputer direct communication.The sensor, the signal adjustment electric circuit, the monolithic integrated circuit integration forms ultra large-scale integrated on a chip the senior intelligence sensor. American HONY WELL Corporation ST-3000 intelligence sensor, the chip size only then has 3×4×2mm3, uses the semiconductor craft, makes CPU, EPROM, the static pressure, the differential pressure, the temperature on the identical chip and so on three kind of sensitive units.The intellectualized sensor research and the development, US is at the leading position. American Space Agency when development spaceship called this kind of sensor for the clever sensor (Smart Sensor), on the spaceship this kind of senso r is extremely important. Our country in this aspect research and development also very backward mainly is because our country semiconductor integrated circuit technological level is limited.The sensor’s development is changing day after day since especia lly the 80's humanities have entered into the high industrialization the information age, sensor techno-logy to renewal, higher technological development. US, Japan and so on developed country sensor technological development quickest, our country because the foundation is weak, the sensor technology compares with these developed countries has the big disparity. Therefore, we should enlarge to the sensor engineering research, the development investment, causes our country sensortechnology and the foreign disparity reduces, promotes our country instrument measuring appliance industry and from the technical development.——From《Sensor Technology Handbook》,Jon Wilson,Newnes传感器新技术的发展传感器是一种能将物理量、化学量、生物量等转换成电信号的器件。

自动化专业常用英语词汇1. Automation (自动化): The use of technology to control and operate processes or systems with minimal human intervention.2. Control system (控制系统): A system that manages and regulates the behavior of other systems or processes.3. Programmable logic controller (PLC) (可编程逻辑控制器): A digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines.4. Human-machine interface (HMI) (人机界面): The interface that allows humans to interact with and control machines or systems.5. Sensor (传感器): A device that detects and responds to physical inputs, such as temperature, pressure, or light, and converts them into electrical signals.6. Actuator (执行器): A device that converts electrical or mechanical signals into physical motion or action, such as a motor or a solenoid.7. Feedback control (反馈控制): A control system that uses information from sensors to continuously adjust and maintain a desired output or behavior.8. Process optimization (过程优化): The act of improving a system or process to achieve maximum efficiency, productivity, or quality.9. Robotics (机器人技术): The branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and use of robots.10. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) (工业物联网): The application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in industrial settings, enabling the interconnection and communication of devices, sensors, and systems.11. Data acquisition (数据采集): The process of gathering and collecting data from various sources, such as sensors or instruments, for further analysis and processing.12. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) (监控与数据采集系统): A system that allows for remote monitoring and control of industrial processes or infrastructure, typically through a centralized computer system.13. Programmable automation controller (PAC) (可编程自动化控制器): A type of industrial control system that combines the features of a PLC and a PC, providing greater flexibility and processing power.14. Distributed control system (DCS) (分布式控制系统): A control system that consists of multiple autonomous controllers distributed throughout a plant or facility, allowing for decentralized control and monitoring.15. Industrial robot (工业机器人): A robot designed specifically for industrial applications, such as assembly, welding, or material handling.16. Fault diagnosis (故障诊断): The process of identifying and analyzing faults or malfunctions in a system or process, often using diagnostic tools or techniques.17. Motion control (运动控制): The technology and techniques used to control the movement and positioning of machines or systems, typically through the use of motors and servo drives.18. Safety system (安全系统): A system designed to protect personnel, equipment, and the environment from potential hazards or accidents in an industrial or automation setting.19. Process control (过程控制): The use of control systems and techniques to regulate and maintain the desired behavior or output of a process, such as temperature, pressure, or flow rate.20. Simulation (模拟): The imitation or representation of the operation or behavior of a real-world system or process using a computer model, often used for testing and optimization purposes.以上是自动化专业常用英语词汇的详细介绍，希望对您有所帮助。

sensor词根词缀1. 单词概述单词：sensor含义：“sensor”是名词，意思是传感器、探测设备。

它在科技领域，特别是涉及到自动检测、监控环境变化等场景中经常被用到。

比如说，在智能家居系统里，各种各样的传感器可以检测温度、湿度、光线等情况，然后根据检测结果做出相应的反应。

2. 词根词缀解析词根：sens - 来源于拉丁语，在拉丁语里表示“感觉、感知”的意思。

这个词根很关键，就像一把钥匙，能帮我们打开理解好多单词的大门。

3. 应用短文与场景应用短文1：英文：You know what? My friend Tom is a real tech - geek. He's got this amazing home automation system that's full of sensors. One day, I went to his place. As soon as I walked in, the lights automatically adjusted to a warm, cozy brightness. "How does this happen?" I asked,pletely amazed. Tom just grinned and said, "It's all thanks to the sensors, man. They can sense when someone enters the room and adjust the lighting accordingly." I was like, "Wow, that's so cool!" It felt like I had stepped into some kind of high - tech wonderland. The sensors were like little invisible elves, constantly monitoring the environment and making everything work so smoothly. I mean, who wouldn't want such a smart system in their home? It's not just about convenience, it's also about that feeling of living in the future. And those sensors are the unsung heroes that make it all possible. Without them, Tom's high - tech home would be just an ordinary place.中文翻译：你知道吗？我的朋友汤姆是个十足的科技迷。

自动化专业英语原文和翻译Automation in the Manufacturing Industry: An OverviewIntroduction:Automation plays a crucial role in the manufacturing industry, revolutionizing production processes and enhancing efficiency. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the concept of automation in the manufacturing sector, highlighting its benefits, challenges, and future prospects. It also includes a translation of the text into English.Section 1: Definition and Importance of AutomationAutomation refers to the use of technology and machinery to perform tasks with minimal human intervention. In the manufacturing industry, automation is essential for streamlining operations, reducing costs, and improving product quality. It allows companies to achieve higher production rates, increased precision, and improved safety standards.Section 2: Benefits of Automation in Manufacturing2.1 Increased ProductivityAutomation enables manufacturers to produce goods at a faster rate, leading to increased productivity. With the use of advanced robotics and machinery, repetitive tasks can be performed efficiently, allowing workers to focus on more complex and creative aspects of production.2.2 Enhanced Quality ControlAutomated systems ensure consistency and accuracy in manufacturing processes, leading to improved product quality. By minimizing human error, automation reduces defects and variations, resulting in higher customer satisfaction and reduced waste.2.3 Cost ReductionAutomation helps in reducing labor costs by replacing manual work with machines and robots. Although initial investment costs may be high, long-term savings are significant due to increased efficiency and reduced dependence on human labor.2.4 Improved Workplace SafetyAutomation eliminates the need for workers to perform hazardous or physically demanding tasks. Robots and machines can handle tasks that pose risks to human health and safety, thereby reducing workplace accidents and injuries.2.5 Increased FlexibilityAutomated systems can be easily reprogrammed to adapt to changing production requirements. This flexibility allows manufacturers to respond quickly to market demands, introduce new products, and customize production processes.Section 3: Challenges in Implementing Automation3.1 Initial InvestmentImplementing automation requires substantial capital investment for purchasing and integrating machinery, software, and training. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may face financial constraints in adopting automation technologies.3.2 Workforce AdaptationAutomation may lead to job displacement, as certain tasks previously performed by humans are now handled by machines. Companies need to provide training and re-skilling opportunities to ensure a smooth transition for their workforce.3.3 Technical ComplexityAutomation systems often involve complex integration of various technologies, such as robotics, artificial intelligence, and data analytics. Companies must have skilled personnel capable of managing and maintaining these systems effectively.Section 4: Future Trends in Automation4.1 Collaborative RobotsCollaborative robots, also known as cobots, are designed to work alongside humans, assisting them in tasks that require precision and strength. These robots can improve productivity and safety by working in close proximity to humans without the need for extensive safety measures.4.2 Internet of Things (IoT) IntegrationThe integration of automation systems with the Internet of Things allows for real-time monitoring and control of manufacturing processes. IoT enables seamless communication between machines, sensors, and data analytics platforms, leading to predictive maintenance and optimized production.4.3 Artificial Intelligence (AI)AI technologies, such as machine learning and computer vision, enable automation systems to learn and adapt to new situations. AI-powered robots can analyze data, make decisions, and perform complex tasks with minimal human intervention, revolutionizing the manufacturing industry.Conclusion:Automation has become an integral part of the manufacturing industry, offering numerous benefits such as increased productivity, enhanced quality control, cost reduction, improved workplace safety, and increased flexibility. While challenges exist, such as initial investment and workforce adaptation, the future of automation looks promising with the emergence of collaborative robots, IoT integration, and artificial intelligence. Embracing automation technologies will undoubtedly pave the way for a more efficient and competitive manufacturing sector.Translation:自动化在创造业中的应用：概述简介：自动化在创造业中扮演着重要的角色，革新了生产过程，提高了效率。

自动化专业常用英语词汇一、Automation专业概述Automation：自动化Automation engineering：自动化工程Automatic control：自动控制Control system：控制系统Intelligent control：智能控制Digital control：数字控制Analog control：模拟控制Control theory：控制理论Control engineering：控制工程Control algorithm：控制算法Programmable logic controller (PLC)：可编程逻辑控制器Distributed control system (DCS)：分布式控制系统Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)：监控与数据采集系统Human-Machine Interface (HMI)：人机界面二、传感器与测量技术Sensor：传感器Transducer：传感器/电传换器Measurement：测量Measurement accuracy：测量精度Measurement range：测量范围Calibration：校准Pressure sensor：压力传感器Temperature sensor：温度传感器Flow sensor：流量传感器Level sensor：液位传感器Light sensor：光线传感器Force sensor：力传感器Torque sensor：扭矩传感器Accelerometer：加速度传感器Gyroscope：陀螺仪Encoder：编码器三、执行器Actuator：执行器Pneumatic actuator：气动执行器Hydraulic actuator：液压执行器Electric actuator：电动执行器Step motor：步进电机Servo motor：伺服电机Linear motor：线性电机Solenoid valve：电磁阀Directional valve：方向控制阀Pneumatic cylinder：气动缸Hydraulic cylinder：液压缸Four、机器视觉Machine vision：机器视觉Image processing：图像处理Image analysis：图像分析Pattern recognition：模式识别Optical character recognition (OCR)：光学字符识别Optical mark recognition (OMR)：光学标志识别Bar code recognition：条形码识别Two-dimensional code recognition：二维码识别Inspection system：检测系统Five、工控机和嵌入式系统Industrial computer：工控机Embedded system：嵌入式系统Real-time system：实时系统Single board computer：单板计算机Fieldbus：现场总线PROFIBUS：工业场总线CAN bus：控制器局域网Modbus：通用ModbusEthernet：以太网Wireless sensor network (WSN)：无线传感器网络Six、软件工程Software engineering：软件工程Development process：开发过程Requirement analysis：需求分析Design：设计Implementation：实现Testing：测试Maintenance：维护Programming language：编程语言C++：C++Java：JavaPython：PythonLabVIEW：LabVIEWConfiguration management：配置管理Version control：版本控制Seven、自动化应用领域Industrial automation：工业自动化Building automation：建筑自动化Home automation：家居自动化Smart grid：智能电网Intelligent transportation system (ITS)：智能交通系统Robotic automation：机器人自动化Process automation：过程自动化Power automation：电力自动化Medical automation：医疗自动化Eight、其他专业术语Artificial intelligence (AI)：人工智能Internet of things (IoT)：物联网Big data：大数据Cloud computing：云计算Cybersecurity：网络安全Human factors engineering：人因工程Maintenance engineering：维修工程Reliability engineering：可靠性工程Safety engineering：安全工程System integration：集成系统Technological innovation：技术创新。

自动化专业英语自动化专业英语是指在自动化领域中所使用的英语专业术语和表达方式。

自动化是一门涉及控制系统、电子技术、计算机科学和工程学等多学科交叉的学科，因此在学习和实践中，掌握专业英语对于自动化专业学生和从事自动化工作的人员来说至关重要。

以下是自动化专业英语中常见的词汇和表达方式：1. Automation - 自动化Automation is the use of control systems and information technologies to reduce human intervention in a process, resulting in improved efficiency, reliability, and safety.2. Control system - 控制系统A control system is a set of devices or software that manages and regulates the behavior of a system or process.3. Programmable logic controller (PLC) - 可编程逻辑控制器A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes, typically in industrial environments.4. Sensors - 传感器Sensors are devices that detect and respond to physical inputs, such as temperature, pressure, or motion, and convert them into electrical signals.5. Actuators - 执行器Actuators are devices that convert electrical signals into mechanical motion, such as motors or solenoids.6. Industrial robots - 工业机器人Industrial robots are programmable machines designed to perform tasks with precision and speed in industrial settings.7. Human-machine interface (HMI) - 人机界面HMI refers to the graphical user interface through which humans interact with machines or systems, often using touchscreens or control panels.8. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) - 监控与数据采集系统SCADA is a system used to monitor and control industrial processes, allowing operators to remotely monitor and control various devices and collect data.9. Programmable automation controller (PAC) - 可编程自动化控制器A PAC is a device that combines the features of a PLC and a PC, providing advanced control capabilities and connectivity options.10. Process control - 过程控制Process control involves monitoring and adjusting variables in a production process to maintain desired output quality and efficiency.11. Feedback loop - 反馈环路A feedback loop is a control mechanism that uses the output of a system to adjust the input, ensuring the system operates within desired parameters.12. Industrial communication protocols - 工业通信协议Industrial communication protocols are standardized sets of rules and formats that enable devices and systems to exchange information in an industrial environment.13. Fault diagnosis - 故障诊断Fault diagnosis involves identifying and analyzing problems or malfunctions in a system to determine the cause and develop appropriate solutions.14. System integration - 系统集成System integration refers to the process of combining different subsystems or components into a unified system that functions effectively and efficiently.15. Real-time control - 实时控制Real-time control refers to the ability to monitor and respond to events or inputs immediately, without delay, to ensure timely and accurate control of a system.以上是自动化专业英语中的一些常见词汇和表达方式，掌握这些专业术语将有助于您在学习和实践中更好地理解和交流自动化相关的知识和技术。