国际航运业务与函电

国际航运业务英语与函电一、课程简介本课程旨在帮助学习者掌握国际航运业务中常用的英语词汇、句式和表达方式，以便在实际工作中能够熟练运用英语进行沟通交流，提高工作效率。

课程内容包括船舶代理业务、货物代理业务、运费结算、船舶维修保养、船舶保险等环节，涵盖了国际航运业务的主要方面。

二、课程目标1.掌握国际航运业务中常用的英语词汇、句式和表达方式；2.能够撰写各类航运业务函电，包括询价、报价、确认、投诉处理等；3.了解国际航运业务中的相关法规和惯例，能够处理一般性业务问题；4.培养良好的沟通协作能力，提高工作效率和客户满意度。

三、课程内容第一章：船舶代理业务英语与函电1.船舶代理基本概念；2.船舶订租、交接、移交等环节的英语表达；3.常用英语词汇和句式；4.船舶代理业务函电的写作技巧和方法。

2.船舶检验和证书办理的英语表达；3.国际海事公约和法规的英语表达；4.与船舶代理客户沟通交流的技巧和方法。

第二章：货物代理业务英语与函电1.货物代理基本概念；2.货物订舱、交接、转运等环节的英语表达；3.常用英语词汇和句式；4.货物代理业务函电的写作技巧和方法。

1.运费结算的英语表达；2.货运单据和保险单据的英语表达；3.与货物代理客户沟通交流的技巧和方法。

第三章：运费结算英语与函电1.运费结算基本概念；2.发票、提单、保险单等单据的英语表达；3.运费支付方式和时间等问题的英语表达；4.回复客户询价和报价的函电写作技巧和方法。

第四章：船舶维修保养英语与函电1.船舶维修保养基本概念；2.维修合同、报价、验收等环节的英语表达；3.常用英语词汇和句式；4.与船舶维修保养供应商沟通交流的技巧和方法。

第五章：船舶保险英语与函电1.船舶保险基本概念；2.投保、索赔等环节的英语表达；3.国际海运保险条款的英语表达；4.与保险公司沟通交流的技巧和方法。

第六章：实际案例分析与应用1.分析实际工作中遇到的航运业务问题，探讨解决方案；2.学习借鉴成功案例，提高工作效率和客户满意度。

Shipping space 舱位Freight rate 运价Frequency of sailing 船期Charter hire 租金Quotation报价Tariff 运费表Telex 电传Shipping form 货运单Transshipment 转船Layday：受载期Cancelling date：解约日Lighterage：驳运费Stevedore：装卸工人Demurrage: 滞期Dispatch：速遣Commission：佣金Consignment 货物Inclusive rate 包揽运费率Large shipment 大宗货物Premium 保险费Bad stowage 积载不良Broken space 亏舱Overstowage 爆舱Full and complete stowage 满仓满载Take delivery of cargo 提货Replenish bunker 加燃油Settle the account with you 与你方结账Shipping application/booking note 托运单Additional cargo 加载货Be subject to market fluctuation 随行就市Mail under separate cover 另函邮寄Freight prepaid 运费预付freight to collect 到付运费fixture note 订租确认书Laytime Statement of Facts 装卸时间事实记录for your perusal 供审阅Notice of Readiness 装卸准备就绪通知书stipulated laydays 规定的受载期on the basis of mutual agreement 根据双方协议make reference to Time Sheet 参照装卸时间表floating crane 浮吊steaming time 航行时间pilot station 引航站night navigation夜间导航all purposes 装卸共用时间reversible laydays 可调剂使用的装卸时间pro rata of a day 不足一天按比例general introduction 期租指令customs inspection海关检查immigration inspection 移民局检查边检quarantine 检验检疫port disbursements/port dues and charges 港口使费agency appointment委托代理canvass/solicit cargo 揽货port particulars 港口细则fumigation and disinfection(消毒) 熏舱attend to Customs Declaration formalities for inward and outward shipments,为进出口货载办理报关手续manifest in triplicate一式三份舱单cargo tracer货物查询overlanded/shortlanded cargo list 货物溢/短单non-negotiable B/L不可转让提单claimant索赔人debit note 借项通知单protection and indemnity (P & I) club,保赔协会anti-dated/back-dated B/L 倒签提单shipped/on board B/L, 已装船提单received for shipment B/L, 备运提单marine fraud, 海运欺诈out of proportion to its importance 与他的重要性不相称hold sweeping 扫舱diversion; 改航outturn report; 卸载报告shut out cargo;退关货transshipped cargo; 转船货lashing and securing; 绑扎和紧固the stowage factors to be considered; 要考虑的积载因素insufficient ventilation 通风不良packing list,装箱单statement of claim,索赔清单lack of due diligence 失职customs of the trade,本行业习惯way ports, 中途港claim release, 索赔结案书prima facie evidence,初步证据without prejudice,以不妨碍缩写：CGO: cargoLDG: loadingTKS/B/RGDS: thanks and best regardsA/C ACCT : accountA/O : and/orA/R : all risksAA : always afloat 在海上AAR : against all risksACC : acceptance / acceptedACDG: accordingACOL: after completion of loadingADD: address/ additionalADV: adviseAFMT : after fixing main termsAFSP : arrival first sea pilotAGT：agentAGW : all going wellANCH : anchorage 锚地ANS ：answerAOB ：as on boardAOH : after office hoursARND : aroundARNG: arrangeARR : arriveASF ：as followsATDN ：any time day or nightABS :American bureau of shipping 美国船级协会P.O.B: post office boxETC：estimated time of completionETA: estimated time of arrivalWWDSHEX: whether working days，Sundays holidays excepted CQD :Customary Quick Despatch按港口习惯快速装卸C/P：charter party租船合同COA: contract of affreightment 运输合同Blt：builtLoa：length over all 船长TPC: tons per centimeter 每公分吨数WOG: without guranteeDIOT: day include over timeBOD: bunker on deliveryCHRTS: charterersILOHC：lieu of hold cleaning 扫舱包干费HSFO? LSFO?RCV: receiveDLY: delayADDCOM :address commission 租船佣金DLOSP：Dropping last outward sea pilot 最后出港海区引航员下船FIOS：free in ,out and stowed船方不负责装卸、堆装费TCT ：Time charter Trip 航次期租D/P: Document against Payment付款交单LOI：letter of indemnity保函WIFPON: whether in free pratigue or not 是否通过检疫InquiryWe have ready for shipment from..to..Would you please quote your rate for…XX M.V. is due to sail on 25th july…I look forward to receiving your reply.ReplyThank you for your inquire of 30th june，2012.We wish to inform you thatWe shall be glad to book…Please complete and return it asap.Please advise 请告知L4 enquire and reply1. We shall have a consignment of 500 cases of bicycles for shipment from Shanghaito Bombay. Please quote us your freight rate including dockage (wharfage),lighterage, unloading charge and other expenses.2. The M.V. “Tai He” of our company is due to leave Shanghai for Lisbon on 5thOctober. Please fax us your instructions without delay if you have any consignment to be shipped by this vessel.3.This is to inform you that we are able to reserve as requested sufficient space foryour cargo. You are kindly requested to complete the shipping application and send it duly to us in exchange for our Shipping Order, but the freight must be prepaid. 4.With regard to the accommodation for the additional cargo as requested in your letter dated 4th of this month, we wish to inform you that the M.V. “ABC” has no more space allotted for that cargo. We regret that we cannot do what you wish.5.The main advantages of container serve are : easy handling of cargo; less risk of cargo damage or loss; low freight and prompt delivery. Especially, the development of “Multimodal Container Transport” system provides a highly efficient mode of cargo transport.L9 port regulations and agencies1. Owing to the rapid development of the trade between our two countries, we are sure thatmore ships of our company will call at your port and other ports of yourcountry in future.2. We appreciate that the particulars of your port we required may cause you some extra work,for which we feel much regret.3. Your letter of 24th May has been duly received. After careful consideration we havedecided to appoint you formally as our ship’s agents in Port of Libreville.4. Enclosed please find a draft of “Agency Agreement” for your perusal and kindly inform uswhether you agree or not to all the provisions therein.5. To facilitate our consideration of the demand/requirements you made, please let us knowthe status of your company and scope of your business activities.6. We greatly appreciate your offer to act as our ship’s agents at the port of Algiers.As we have already had our long time agents at the said port, we are very sorry that we are not prepared at present to appoint another one.7. Vessel must confirm her ETA at the specified Pilot Boarding Ground to the port authority twoto three hours before arrival.L10 shipping document1.Under Clause 8 of this bill of lading, if the goods are not taken delivery of by the Receiver(Consignee) from alongside the vessel without delay, or if the Receiver (consignee) refuses to take delivery of the goods, or in case there are unclaimed goods无人认领货物, the Carrier shall be at liberty to有权land such goods on shore岸or any other proper places at the sole risk and expense of the Receiver/ shipper. ( Merchant)2.We wish to draw your attention to the fact that (to remind you that) no clean B/L will beissued in case the cargo coming for shipment is in damaged condition.3.It is a standing rule in shipment that a remark on the damaged cargo put/noted in the B/Lat the time of loading does not relieve the carrier of the responsibility for any damage to other cargo thus incurred.4.No Letter of Indemnity is to be accepted without our prior consent.未经我们事先同意5.We hereby agree to pay on demand即期支付any claim that may occur on the saidshipment and we indemnify you and/or your ship-owner harmless against any consequences that may arise from your practice.6.At the shipper’s request we hereby authorize you to issue the Anti-dated B/L to the shipperagainst the Letter of indemnity on condition that the shipper provides the Letter of Indemnity and that the cargo has been in your custody.L3 applicationDear Sir/AgentRe: Application for SurveyorsWould you be kind enough to arrange for a Lloyd’s surveyor to come on board my vessel as s oon as possible to inspect and verify the extent of the damage to our deck fittings etc. whichoccurred during the storm we encountered on the present voyage from Singapore to Aden. Pl ease also arrange for a cargo surveyor to inspect and confirm the condition of the cargo in all holds before breaking bulk.Your immediate attention to this matter will be much appreciated.L13 charter party(1)滞期通知书This will serve to remind you that M.V. “China Sea” which arrived at this port on 10th June from London, is now discharging cargo at Dock/Wharf No. 9 and will have reached the end of her stipulated laydays at 1500 hrs of this month.In accordance with the charter party dated 12th November, 19xx , demurrage will commence from that time and will be calculated at the sum of £ 500 per day, or pro rata for part of a day.It is expected to note that you will pay the demurrage in time if the laytime is extended.(2)Your letter FD-HY/93 dated 5th April has been duly received. With reference to the dispatch money of M.V. Noelle, from which steel bars were discharged at Shanghai, we clarified our views in our letter Ref. No.324 dated 18th March that on behalf of China Minmetals Imp & Exp Corp, we settled the accounts with you under Sate Contract 2FEE09019D. All the accounts were settled under the terms of the said Sale Contract except daily rate of Dispatch money/Demurrage calculated under the C/P, of which you will have a better understanding.Enclosed please find two copies of our Statement of Account for check. If you have any objection异议, please don’t hesitate to let us know by reply.L7 cargo work1.Such being the case, the marks on the consignment are unclear, the ship will not beresponsible for any consequences arising therefrom.2.you may rest assured that we will take all possible precautions against any damage to cargoin transit and cargo handling3.I regret to inform you that 300 bags of rice were shut out for the lack of (insufficient) space,which had been caused by our incorrect statement. Our ship will be responsible for all expenses incurred.4.As you are well aware, the weight of these heavy lifts is far beyond the lifting capacity of theship’s facilities. Kindly contact the harbour administration/ port authority as soon as possible to arrange a shore crane for discharge.5.The shipper shall, before the shipment of the dangerous goods, furnish the shipowner ormaster with a “Dangerous Goods Declaration”, stating the said goods have been properly packed, marked and labelled in accordance with IMDG Code.6.The stevedores handled the goods in such a way that the mix-up of parcels is inevitable.L15 CLAIMS AND SETTLEMENTS1.The shortage of this consignment arrived is obviously caused by your careless mistake inpacking, which should have been avoided if you had given your due attention to the packing.Therefore, we reserve our right to lodge a claim for the said consignment.2.Upon perusal of the relevant documents, we are of the opinion that the said claimshould be rejected on the following grounds/for the following reasons.3.With reference to the claim you filed against us for the water damage to cargo in shipmentunder B/L HF175, we wish to offer 25% discount of the amount claimed to compensate for the loss you sustained. Please note that this is our maximum/farthest concessio n we can afford. Should you insist on your original claim, we would propose to submit the case to arbitration for final settlement.4.As 8 cases of bicycle parts overlanded were pilfered in large quantities in your warehouseand are not enough to offset those shortlanded in Rotterdam, we have to settle the case by paying US$ 1200 to the consignee as compensation. Please debit the said amount into our account.5.Obviously the said loss occurred during the transit when the cargo were under your custody.Therefore, we hold you liable for the loss amounting to 2500 USD.。

国际航运业务英语与函电Lesson 11.Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organize2.The general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three C`s”. in the other words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、correctness、completeness、consideration(the “you”attitude) Lesson 2A business letter in English generally consists of eight main parts:1.Heading (Letterhead)2.Date ：英（日月年）；美（月日年）3.Inside Name and Address4.Salutation(称呼)5.Subject Line (Caption)6.Body of letter/doc/9768a24eb52acfc789ebc9f8.htm l plimentary CloseSalutation close英式：Dear Sirs/Sir/Madam yours faithfullyDear Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms Smith yours sincerely美式：Gentlemen sincerely/truly yours8.SignatureLesson 3 applicationsWhen you write an application letter, as a rule,The first step is to state you relevant information and requirements to the party concerned in clear and straightforward sentence.The second step is to put in your request to them for assistance with courtesy.The last step is to express your desire that the above mentioned request will be fully complied with without delay.Lesson 5 personal injury and deathThe report of personal injury and death should include the following points:1.The exact time and place of the accident and identity of thepersona injured2.The conditions at the time of the accident and explanationof whether they brought about the accident3.Description of the accident and nature of injuries, statingthe treatment administered to the injured person on board and/or shore4.Analysis of the cause of the accident, ascertaining wherethe responsibility lies/doc/9768a24eb52acfc789ebc9f8.htm l s of the witnesses to the accident, includingcrewmembers, if any, and a drawing or photograph of the area where the accident occurredLesson 7 cargo workThe chief officer should take into consideration the following principles in the handing of stowage and carriage of cargo 1.The most efficient use of space:This is means that every cubic foot of ship`s space must be utilized to the best advantage and the broken stowage reduced to the minimum2.The highest possible port speedThe distribution of cargo in the holds must be such as to assist correct and speedy cargo handling. It is customary to stowthe cargo in reverse order of the intended discharge to avoid rearrangements of the consignments, and will not affect the ship`s stability, trim or strength3.The safety of the cargo4.The safety of ship and crewLesson 8 cargo damageThere are various kinds of cargo damage:1.Original damage: is a damage to cargo, which originallyoccurred before the shipment.2.Stevedore damage: refers to the damage to cargo, whichoccurs as a result of rough handling of cargo by stevedores at the handling or discharging port.3.Heavy weather damage: mainly refer to water damage to cargo,which often results form the heavy weather encountered by the ship either in loading operation an dock or on the voyage at sea4.Sweat damage: sweat is condensation, which forms on theship`s side or on the surface of cargo within spaces due to the fluctuations of temperature on a long voyage5.Pilferage(theft): is one of the causes of cargo shortage orloss, which frequently occurs in loading or discharging operations6.Inherent nature or vice of goods:Lesson 9 port of regulations and agencies Generally,the business scope of a shipping agency includes the following:1.Attending to the procedures for ship`s entry into anddeparture form a port and arranging for pilotage , ship`s berthing, customs declaration formalities for inward and outward shipment2.Arranging marine survey, ship`s repair and fumigation;cleaning and sweeping of cargo holds and supply of bunkers, fresh water, provisions, store, ect3.Arranging shipments, booking space, applying forsupervision of loading/discharge, inspection, testing, weighting or measuring of cargo4.Subject to authorization, signing bills of lading andissuing documents relevant to handing/taking over of cargo or containers and arranging settlements of cargo claims 5.Attending to procedure for cargo operations, includingstuffing/unstuffing, transshipment and combined transportation of containers6.Attending to marine casualties and salvage; arrangingmedical treatment, replacement and repatriation for crewmembers7.Attending to chartering, purchase/sale,delivery/redelivery and handing/taking over of ships;signing charter parties and purchase/sale contracts8.On behalf of entrusting parties, calculating and collectingfreight; attending to settlement of despatch money or demurrageLesson 10 shipping documentsThe circulation of the relevant shipping documents can be illustrated as follows:1.The shipper (or consignor) makes an application to ashipping company or its agent for the shipment of goods by filling up a booking note2.After the acceptance of booking note, the shipping companyissues a shipping order(S/O)to the shipper, advising him ofwhen and where to deliver the goods alongside the named ship 3.The shipper, on the strength of the S/O, goes through thecustoms declaration formalities for outward goods and gets the goods ready for shipment4.The agent prepares a loading list for the ship according tothe S/O(counter-foil)5.The chief officer works out a stowage plant. A number ofcopies are sent to the tally company and stevedoring company through the agent for the arrangement of loading and discharge6.The chief tallyman checks all goods loaded on board againstthe tally sheets and signs the S/O7.The chief officer, by reference to the tally, endorses theS/O, which then automatically becomes the mate`s receipt (M/R) to be issued to the shipper after loading8.After paying for the freight(prepaid), the shipper turnsover the M/R to the shipping company or agent in exchange for the B/L9.The shipper sends the B/L and other relevant documents tothe bank for negotiation of payment10.The agent makes out for the ship a suitable number ofcopies of the export manifest (M/F) and freight manifest(F/M), which are required by the customs at the local port as well as other port of call11.The consignee secures the B/L form the bank by effectingthe payment for goods12.The consignee presents the B/L to the shipping companyor agent in exchange for the delivery order(D/O), by whichhe takes delivery of goods at the warehouseLesson 11 collision of ships1.Collision of ships, in term of fault liability, can be classified into three categories: collision caused by fault of one party, collision caused by mixed fault and collision caused by no fault2.A collision report including the following items:1)The exact time of collision2)The position, heading, and speed of each vessel at thetime of collision3)Weather conditions(e.g. visibility, wind, sea and swell,ect,)4)An estimate of angle of collision to the other vessel5)What actions taken by own vessel to avoid collision6)The extent of damage caused to both vessels and the cargoas far as known7)The names of witness to the collision8)General information (e.g. name, nationality, port ofregistry, voyage, ect.) of both vesselsLesson 13 charter party1.Charter parties are diversified into three principalcategories: voyage charter, time charter and bareboat (demise) charter2.The voyage charter is, in essence, a contract ofaffreightment covering the movement a particular cargo from one designated port to another, at a stipulated rate of freight (charter hire) for each ton of the goods actually transported. The shipowner is responsible for all details of vessel operation. The charterer, in addition to putting the cargo within reach of the loading gear, must arrange forthe berthing places at port of loading and discharge, andquite often also must contract with stevedores to handle the cargo. Payment for the ship`s services must be made in accordance with the provisions of the charter-party3.The time charter is one under which the shipowner places theservices of a ship at the disposal of the charterer for a specified period of time, or rather hires out to the charterer the entire shipping space of a ship for the carriage of cargo on time basis, Unlike the revenue earned under the voyage charter, which is calculated on the tonnage value of the cargo, the time charter hire is calculated on the carrying capacity of the ship plus running cost of the ship, excluding wages. So the larger the ship, the more the charterer pays4.The bareboat (demise) charter is one under which theshipowner transfers operational control of the ship to the charterer. The vessel must be seaworthy and full equipped at the time she is delivered to the charterer. During the chartering period, the burden and responsibility of operation are assumed by the charterer. The shipowner periodically receives the agreed payment which, as in the time charter, is based upon the deadweight tonnage of theshipLesson 14 sea protest and general average1.A note of sea protest is a declaration or deposition by themaster, made under oath, giving full particulars regarding heavy weather or other incident, which may have caused damage to the vessel or cargo during the voyage.2.A ship has met with any of the following circumstances inthe course of the voyage, it is advisable for the master to note a sea protest:1)Whenever during the voyage ship encounters conditions ofwind and sea, which may result in damage to cargo2)When form any cause ship is damaged, or feared to bedamaged3)When through stress of weather it has not beenpracticable to adopt normal precautions in the matter ofventilation of perishable cargo4)When cargo is shipped in such a condition as likely tosuffer deterioration during the voyage (but, in this case, protest will not be effective unless B/L was endorsed to show the condition of cargo at the time of shipment)5)In all case of General Average3.A general average acts when, and only when, anyextraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is voluntarily and reasonably made or incurred in the time of peril for the purpose of preserving the property imperiled in the common adventure.4.Particular average is a term applied to any accidental loss,less than a total loss of vessel and cargo, by a peril which is not of a general average nature信函:（less3）Write a application to Immigration Office in the port of Yokohama, Japan, requesting twenty-four landing permits for the crew members of your ship on your arrival at the said port如下：M.V. “XXX”Port of Yokohama10 August, 2000 The Immigration OfficePort of Yokohama, JapanDear Sirs,Re: Crew List VisaIn accordance with the regulations of Japan Government, any Chinese seamen in and with the ship sailing for a Japan port must get Crew List Visaed by the Japan Embassy or Consulate in the last port of call in order that they canget landing permits when the ship arrives at the Japan port.Manned with 24 Chinese seamen, my ship is bound for the port of Yokohama after completion of discharging at this port. I am hereby writing to ask you to take our Crew Listto Japan Consulate for Visa, we enclose herewith 4 copiesof Crew List and shall be must obliged if you would kindly management this matter without delay.Yours truly, (Signed)Master of M.V. “TAI HE”信函翻译：致亚丁港（port of Aden）“ABC”船务代理行代理先生：申请验船师请您安排劳氏（Lloyd`s）验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等（deck fitting）在本航次从新加坡至亚丁港途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。

国际航运业务英语与函电课后翻译答案第五单元后是一句一句百度翻译出来的准确性有待。

尼玛一字一字的打出来手都累断了啊次奥！Unit 3p23：1. 兹通知贵方：“London”轮已于昨日安全抵达本港。

正好可以在假期开始前完成卸货。

2.兹通知贵方：由“Yong Ming”轮托运给您地20箱货物已到港，请于即日起三日内前来提货。

3.兹通知贵方：由于我轮自新加坡起航后遇到强大的东北季风，致使抵达本港时间比预定时间晚35小时。

4.兹通知贵方：我船要求进行几项修理，恳请予以安排为盼。

5.请派一位称职的验船师来我船检查首尖舱舱壁。

6.兹向您报告：我船无线电发射台发生故障需要修理。

7. 请于7月10日上午安排一艘较大的汽艇来接我船船员上岸。

8. 贵方如能尽快安排一名电器工程师来我船修理冷却系统，我们将不胜感激。

9. 请从速将上述零件的备用件寄给我们，不胜感激。

10. 油驳船的费用请记入船主帐上。

11. 所有费用请记入货物托运人帐上。

12. 请将费用请记入船主帐上。

13. 兹照船方要求，我们将为贵方在装货作业开始前提供必要的垫舱物料。

14. 瑾以船舶代理人的身份通知您：依贵方要求，该船将于4月12日10：15时由原泊位移至No.21 浮筒处锚泊。

Unit 4P301.请为下列托运货物报全包价。

2.请告知大宗托运货物的最新运费率。

3.我方想了解航期、航行时间以及是否需预订货舱，如需预定货舱请提供所需的托运申请单。

4.请告知装船日期。

5.请告知最新运费，谢谢。

6.贵方于来信中询问运费，今荣幸地向贵方报价如下：7.贵方8月10来信获悉，今就运费报价如下：8.贵方6月26日来信获悉，我方将另函邮寄本公司最新运费单。

9.由于该货物将在安特为普转运，请提供联运提单。

10.所有费用与我方结帐，请在提单上注明“预付运费”11.复7月4日函，我方就运费报价，请注意，此报价乃随行就市价。

12.我方非常希望能为贵方办理货物托运事宜。

13. 我们不得不遗憾地告知贵方：完全是由于货舱不够的原因，我方无法收容贵方托运的货物。

Unit 1 Terms of Shipment in the Contracts for the International Sale of Goods1.ports of call挂靠港/停靠港2.expiry date有效期3.presentation of documents交单4.partial shipments分批装运5.shipping documents装运单据/运输单据6.liner transport班轮运输7.shipping by chartering租船运输8.sailing schedule船期表9.liner freight tariff班轮运价表10.weight ton重量吨11.measurement ton尺码吨12.direct additional直航附加费13.transshipment additional转船附加费14.port additional 港口附加费15.port congestion surcharge港口拥挤附加费16.alteration of destination additional变更卸货港附加费17.deviation surcharge绕航附加费18.optional additional选卸附加费19.bunker surcharge燃油附加费20.additional for excess ofliability超额责任附加费21. dispatch money速遣费22. shipping space 舱位Section 6 Useful Expressions1.装船日期1) Shipment on or about May 20, 2009.2) Shipment not later than May 31st, 2009. Or, Latest shipment date: May 31st, 2009.3) Shipment to be made during May/June, 2009.4) Shipment within 15 days after receipt of remittance.5) Shipment within 30 days after receipt of L/C.2.包装要求1) The packing must be strong enough to withstand rough handling.2) Please see to it that the packing is suitable for a long sea voyage.3) Taking into consideration the transport conditions at your end, we have especially reinforced our packing so as to minimize the extent of any possible damage to the goods.4) We are afraid that we shall have to charge more for the designated packing, as it calls for extra labor and cost.5) The packing should be double bags lined with kraft paper.3.询问装船1） We should be glad if you could manage to ship the goods by s/s …sailing from…on or about …2）Please ship the first lot under Contract No. …by s/s … scheduled to sail on or about…3) The users are in urgent need of the goods contracted and are in fact pressing us for assurance of an early delivery.4) As the season is rapidly approaching, our buyers are badly in need of the goods.Unit 2 The Practice of International Ocean CargoTransportation1.carrier承运人 common carrier 公共承运人2.charter租船3.consignee收货人4.delivery order提货单5.document of title物权凭证6.non-conference lines非班轮公会航线7.NVOCC无营运船公共承运人8.port authorities港务局，港口主管机关9.scheduled service 定期航运10.shipping conference 班轮公会11.trans-shipment points转运地12.shipping documents 货运单证Section 6 Useful Expressions1.Please could you quote your inclusive rates on the followingconsignments?2.Please let us know the present freight rates for large shipments.3.We shall be glad to know the time of transit and frequency of sailings,and whether cargo space must be reserved; if so, please send us the necessary application forms.4.Please advise us of the loading dates.5.We shall be pleased to have your current tariffs.6.it gives us much pleasure to send you our quotation of the freight ratesasked for in your letter of…7.In reply to your letter of 10th May, the rates we can quote you are asfollows…8.Thank you for your letter of 23 June, asking for tariffs. For yourinformation, we are airmailing under separate cover brochures giving full details of the present freight rates of our company.9.As the cargo is to be transshipped at Antwerp, we shall require“Through Bill of Lading”.10.All the cargoes are payable by us and the Bs/L are to be marked “FreightPrepaid”.11.This is in reply to your inquiry of ____, we are now sending you aquotation of our tariffs. Please be informed the quotation is subject to change on account of the situation of the shipping market.12.We hope to have the pleasure of dealing with your shipment.13.We have to express our regret for being unable to accommodate the cargoyou offered and to explain that this solely on account of necessary space not being available.14.With regard to the accommodation for additional cargo as requested inyour letter of (date), I regret to inform you that the ship has no more space allotted for that cargo.15.If you require any further information, please do not hesitate tocontact us.16.Please feel free to contact me if you have any further question. Section 7 Exercises1.Read the following letter and work out the Chinese version with yourpartner :Dear Sirs,Information on Container ServiceThank you for your inquiry of May 12th. The shipping containers we provide are of two sizes, namely 10ft and 20 ft respectively. They can be opened at both ends, thus making it possible to load and unload at the same time. For carrying goods liable to be spoiled by damp or water they have the great advantage of being both water-tight and air-tight. Containers can be loaded and locked at the factory, if necessary. Pilferage is therefore impossible.Being temperature-controlled, our containers are provided for any cargo that needs special care. This lends its full benefit in shipping. There is also a saving on freight charges, when separate consignments intended for the same port of destination are carried in one container, and an additional saving on insurance because of lower premium charged for container-shipped goods.We enclose a copy of our tariff and look forward to receiving your instructions.Yours faithfully,Spike Chung2.Translate the following terms into Chinese.respectively. Try to make out letters on enquiries and replies for information on shipping space, freight rates, frequency of sailing, charter hire, and other shipping services.Unit 3 Ocean Freight RatesTeaching Aims:Ocean freight rates may be broadly divided into tramp rates and liner freight rates. Tramp rates fluctuate with market conditions of supply and demand. Liner freights are fixed by shipping conferences and other liner operations. Reasonable enquiry about ocean freight rates and effective calculation and reply play important parts in the shipment of the goods in foreign trade. This unit aims at helping the students to learn how to write effective letters about ocean freight rates in shipping business.A few sample letters have been selected for a preliminary study.Main Difficult Points:1. The rules of writing letters of enquiry.2. The rules of writing letters of reply.3. The business termsKey Words & Expressions:Ocean freight rates, tramp rate, liner freight rate, inclusive, vessel, enclose, tariff, observe, to the point, expectant, humbleness, favorableSection 1 Warming upHave a discussion with your partner about the question: in shipping business, how to make enquiries about ocean freight rates and how to quote them. Share your opinions with your classmates.Section 2 Lead-inOcean freight rates play the key role in the procedure of shipping business. Reasonable enquiry about ocean freight rates and effective quotations will make great profits for carriers and shippers. Understanding all kinds of freights is quite necessary in writing letters about ocean freight rates.Section 3 SamplesSample 1 Enquiry for Freight RatesDear Sir or Madam:We need ocean rates all inclusive for 40HC containers from Qingdao (China)?to Miami or Port Everglades (USA)?with wood products. About 15-20 x 40HC per week.Please indicate carrier and transit time. Send your price indicating the total amount of money per container to be paid to the agent in the USA (all fees, commissions, document charges etc must be included on the price quoted).?If the price is right we will contact you back.thank you vey much,Dear Sir or Madam:We are on the lookout for Exporters/Importers who need the best of Ocean freight ex Indian ports to various ports worldwide. Besides we also wish to act as agents for F/Forwarders who need representation at Indian ports.We possess 40 years of shipping experience and can handle A to Z in the shipping field. So why hesitate, contact us immedietly and see the difference.Await yr prompt response.RegardsDear Supplier,We are please to intoduce ourseleves as one of the leading manufacturers of Cast Iron and Ductile Iron products in South India. For this, we would like to tie up with a regular supplier of Cast IronScrap(Foundary grade) also called Used rail scrap.Our requirement is about 250 metric tonnes/month and in just a few month as we are heading for major expansion drive, our requirement would go upto 750 metric tonnes/month. Request you to please let us know your rate per metric tonne including freight to following address:Section 4 TipsSection 5 Word Bankocean freight rate 海运运费tramp rate 不定期船运费liner rate 班轮运费liner operator 班轮营运人lump sum rate 整笔运费stowage factor 积载因数Freight All Kinds (FAK) Rates 均一运费费率；不分货种运费费率basic rate 基本费率surcharge 附加费bunker adjustment factor燃油附加费port additional 港口附加费currency adjustment factor (CAF) 货币贬值附加费transshipment surcharge 转船附加费direct additional 直航附加费heavy lift additional 超重附加费long length additional 超长附加费surcharge of bulky cargo 超大附加费port congestion additional 港口拥挤附加费optional surcharge 选港附加费deviation surcharge 绕航附加费Section 6 Useful Expressions1. Opening Phrases & Sentences Generally Used In Business Letters1）特此奉告等To inform one of; To say; To state; To communicate; To advise one of; To bring to one's notice (knowledge); To lay before one; To point out; To indicate; To mention; To apprise one of; To announce; To remark; To call one's attention to; To remind one of; etc.2）为(目的)奉告某某事项a. The purpose of this letter is to inform you that (of)b. The object of the present is to report you thatc. By this letter we Purpose to inform you that (of)3）惠请告知某某事项，等a. Please inform me that (of)b. Be good enough to inform me that (of)c. Oblige me by informing that (of)4）特确认，本公司某月某日函件等a. We confirm our letter of the l0th of this monthb. We had the pleasure of writing you last on the l0th of this monthc. Confirming our respects of the 10th May,---5）贵公司某月某日函电，敬悉等a. We have pleasure in acknowledging receipt of your esteemed favour of the 3rd Mayb. Your letter of May 5 was very welcomec. We thank you for your favour of the 5th May6）特回答贵公司某月某日函所叙述有关事项等a. I have the pleasure of stating, in answer to your inquiry of the 4th inst, thatb. In reply to your letter of the 5th of May, I have to inform you that (of)c. I hasten to answer your inquiry of the l5th May, by stating that 7）非常遗憾，我们奉告您关于，等。

国际航运业务英语与函电练习答案+国际航运业务英语与函电（练习答案）Lesson 2Ex. IIIW. K. WEBSTER & CO.6 Lloyd’s Avenue Tel: 01-3007744London EC3N 3AX Telex: 896051 WKW LDNU.K. Fax: 01-3091266Your Ref: MH36/P 5th February, 2005Our Ref : CW/41The People’s Insurance Co. of ChinaP&I Correspondent Service23 Zhong Shan Road (E1)ShanghaiChinaDear Sir,Re: M.V. “Cresco”─ damage to pier, 20/1/2005 Body of the letter (Omitted) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Yours faithfully,J. WilliamsJ. Williams (Mr.)Manager of Shipping Dept. Encl: -Surveyor’s Report-Repair ListCC: -Shanghai Harbour Administration-PANAVICO ShanghaiJW/msIV.ABC Shipping AgencyPort of AdenDear Sir/AgentRe: Application for SurveyorsWould you be kind enough to arrange for a Lloyd’s surveyor to come on board my vessel as soon as possible to inspect and verify the extent of the damage to our deck fittings etc. which occurred during the storm we encountered on the present voyage from Singapore to Aden. Please also arrange for a cargo surveyor to inspect and confirm the condition of the cargo in all holds before breaking bulk.Your immediate attention to this matter will be much appreciated.Yours faithfully,(Signed)Master of M.V. “TAI HE”(Or: I wish to inform you that the deck fittings etc. of my vessel were damaged due to the storm we encountered on the present voyage from Singapore to Aden. You are kindly requested to arrange for a Lloyd’s surveyor to attend my vessel immediately to inspect and verify the extent of the damage. Please also arrange for a cargo surveyor to inspect and confirm the condition of the cargo in all holds before breaking bulk.I should be obliged if you could manage this matter without delay.) Lesson 4I. take delivery of the cargo; replenish bunkers; settle the account with you;quote us your freight rate; shipping application frequency of sailing be attributable to transit time additional cargobe subject to change with the market / be subject to market fluctuation under separate cover / by separate post freight prepaid freight to collect (到付运费) conference tariffsail to schedule broken space / stowageIV．1. We shall have a consignment of 500 cases of bicycles for shipment from Shanghaito Bombay. Please quote us your freight rate including dockage (wharfage), lighterage, unloading charge and other expenses.2. The M.V. “Tai He” of our company is due to leave Shanghai for Lisbon on 5thOctober. Please fax us your instructions without delay if you have any consignmentto be shipped by this vessel.3.This is to inform you that we are able to reserve as requested sufficient spaceforyour cargo. You are kindly requested to complete the shipping application and sendit duly to us in exchange for our Shipping Order, but the freight must be prepaid.4.With regard to the accommodation for the additional cargo as requested in your letter dated 4th of this month, we wish to inform you that the M.V. “ABC” has nomore space allotted for that cargo. We regret that we cannot do what you wish.5.The main advantages of container serve are : easy handling of cargo; less riskofcargo damage or loss; low freight and prompt delivery. Especially, the developmentof “Multimodal Container Transport” system provides a highly efficient mode ofcargo transport.Lesson 7绕航 deviation ⽆线电医疗咨询 medical advice by radio迅速遣返 swift repatriation 办理出境⼿续 go through exit formalities 偷渡者 the stowaway 根据我国法规 in accordance with our lawsand regulations_____________________________________________________________________I. hold sweeping; diversion; outturn report; shut out cargo;transshipped cargo; lashing and securing; exercise due diligence;the cargo/parcel in question; within stipulated time;conform with the shipper’s request; the stowage factors to be considered;to the entire satisfaction of the consignee; obvious discrepancy;due to the circumstances beyond our control; on the present homeward voyage; III.1.Such being the case, the marks on the consignment are unclear, the ship willnot be responsible for any consequences arising therefrom.2.you may rest assured that we will take all possible precautions against anydamage to cargo in transit and cargo handling3.I regret to inform you that 300 bags of rice were shut out for the lack of(insufficient) space, which had been caused by our incorrect statement. Our ship will be responsible for all expenses incurred.4.As you are well aware, the weight of these heavy lifts is far beyond the liftingcapacity of the ship’s facilities. Kindly contact the harbour administration/ port authority as soon as possible to arrange a shore crane for discharge. 5.The shipper shall, before the shipment of the dangerous goods, furnish theshipowner or master with a “Dangerous Goods Declaration”, stating the said goods have been properly packed, marked and labelled in accordance with IMDG Code.6.The stevedores handled the goods in such a way that the mix-up of parcels isinevitable.Lesson 8I. perishable goods inherent nature negligence in stowage original damage vermin damage cargo damage alleged stevedore damageinsufficient ventilation under the strict supervision unfounded viewpoint during the rush loading deterioration of contents contaminated goods leakage of contents hoops off bear the burden of prooflodge/file a complaint against sb. for sth.ample quantity of dunnaging mats and boardsbung up and bilge freeII. under, stowed, outturned, landed, from, question,destined, appreciate, make, tracing, forward, informIII. 4 March, 2000To: ( Consignee)Dear Sirs,Re. Damage to 150 C/S Oranges B/L No.184Ex. M.V. “Hua Xing” Yokohama/VancouverYour letter Ref. BK-425 dated 25th February has been duly received. We learn with much regret that 150 out of 2000 cases of oranges under B/L No.184 carried by us were damaged on the voyage from Yokohama to Vancouver.The parcel/consignment in question was stowed in No.2 lower hold and tweendeck which, prior to loading, were thoroughly examined by the Lloyd’s Surveyor at Yokohama. The coolness and ventilation in the compartments came up fully to the standards of transit, which was to the entire satisfaction of the Surveyor and shipper.During the voyage, we also paid special attention to the effective ventilation of the said cargo. From the above, we may conclude that the alleged damage to oranges must have been caused by their inherent nature and this is a matter beyond our control. Therefore, we are not to be held responsible for this damage.In addition, we would take this opportunity to bring it to your notice that the recurrence of such damage will be inevitable in the future unless the shipper improves the packing thereof.We trust we shall have your full understanding in this connection.Yours faithfully,Master of M.V. “Hua Xing”Lesson 9I. establish business relationship, port disbursements/port dues and charges agency appointment, agency fee,canvass/solicit cargoport particulars, quarantine anchorage, Guide to Port Entryensure quick delivery, fumigation and disinfection(消毒),render you untiring service, at the discretion of port operationattend to Customs Declaration formalities for inward and outward shipments, The Business Regulations of China Ocean Shipping Agencyreport regularly ship’s movements and operation prospectsII. 1. Owing to the rapid development of the trade between our two countries, we are sure that more ships of our company will call at your port and other ports of yourcountry in future.2. We appreciate that the particulars of your port we required may cause yousome extra work, for which we feel much regret.3. Your letter of 24th May has been duly received. After careful considerationwe have decided to appoint you formally as our ship’s agents in Port of Libreville.4. Enclosed please find a draft of “Agency Agreement” for your perusal andkindly inform us whether you agree or not to all the provisions therein.5. To facilitate our consideration of the demand/requirements you made, pleaselet us know the status of your company and scope of your business activities.6. We greatly appreciate your offer to act as our ship’s agents at the portof Algiers.As we have already had our long time agents at the said port, we are very sorry that we are not prepared at present to appoint another one.7. Vessel must confirm her ETA at the specified Pilot Boarding Ground to theport authority two to three hours before arrival.Lesson 10 Shipping DocumentsFace Clauses1)Acknowledgement Clause (确认条款)“Received in apparent good order and condition except as otherwise noted the total number of containers or other packages or units enumerated below for transportation from the place of receipt to the place of delivery subject to the terms and conditions hereof”.2) Unknown Clause （不知条款）“Weight, measure, numbers, quality, contents and value if mentioned in this Bill of Lading are to be considered unknown unless the contrary has been expressly acknowledged and agreed to. The signing of this Bill of Lading is not to be considered as such an agreement”.3)Commitment Clause （承诺条款）“On presentation of this Bill of Lading duly endorsed to the Carrier by or on behalf of the Holder of the Bill of Lading, the rights and liabilities arising in accordance with the terns and conditions hereof shall, without prejudice to any rule of common law or statute rendering them binding on the Merchant, become binding in all respects between the Carrier and the Holder of the Bill of Lading as though the contract evidenced hereby had been made between them.”4) Signature Clause （签署条款）“One original Bill of Lading must be surrendered duly endorsed in exchange for the goods or delivery order. In witness whereof the number of original Bill of Lading stated under have been signed, all of this tenor and date, one of which being accomplished, the other to stand void ”.*******************************************************************COSCO CONTAINER LINES B/LRECEIVED in apparent good order and condition except as otherwise noted The total number of packages or units stuffed in the container, the description or the goods and weights shown in this Bill of Lading are furnished by the Merchants, and which the carrier has no reasonable means of checking and is not a part of this Bill of Lading contract. The carrier has issued the number of Bills of Lading stated below, all of this tenor and date, one of the original Bills of Lading must be surrendered and endorsed or signed against the delivery of the shipment and whereupon any other original Bills of Lading shall be void. The Merchants agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Bill of Lading as if each had personally signed this Bill of Lading.SEE clause 4 on the back of this Bill of Lading (Terms on the back hereof, please read carefully).* Applicable Only When Document Used as a Combined Transport Bill of Lading. Lesson 10I. shipping documents, relieve the company of responsibility,manifest in triplicate, cargo tracer, overlanded/shortlanded cargo list, non-negotiable B/L, claimant, debit note,protection and indemnity (P & I) club, self-explanatory,above/beyond reproach, credit note, anti-dated/back-dated B/L,shipped/on board B/L, received for shipment B/L, marine fraud,out of proportion to its importanceII. receipt, ship-owners, shipped, foul, order,clean, transfer, endorsing, discharge, packingIV.1.Under Clause 8 of this bill of lading, if the goods are not taken deliveryof by the Receiver (Consignee) from alongside the vessel without delay, or if the Receiver (consignee) refuses to take delivery of the goods, or in case there are unclaimed goods, the Carrier shall be at liberty to land such goods on shore or any other proper places at the sole risk and expense of the Receiver/ shipper. ( Merchant)2.We wish to draw your attention to the fact that (to remind you that) no cleanB/L will be issued in case the cargo coming for shipment is in damaged condition.3.It is a standing rule in shipment that a remark on the damaged cargo put/notedin the B/L at the time of loading does not relieve the carrier of the responsibility for any damage to other cargo thus incurred.4.No Letter of Indemnity is to be accepted without our prior consent.5.We hereby agree to pay on demand any claim that may occur on the said shipmentand we indemnify you and/or your shipowner harmless against any consequences that may arise from your practice.6.At the shipper’s request we hereby authorize you to issue the Anti-dated B/Lto the shipper against the Letter of indemnity on condition that the shipper provides the Letter of Indemnity and that the cargo has been in your custody.Lesson 12I. sea perils, hull insurance, fortuitous accidents, extraneous risks, Protection and Indemnity Club (P & I Club), mooring buoy, insufficient strength tear and tear, on-the spot evidence, latent defect, depreciation costaccident of oil spillage, (be) inconsistent with the facts，repair voucher/bill，settle the matter in a fair and reasonable way,defend the claim for oil pollutionIII. (1)20 October, 20xxTak Kee & Co.SingaporeDear Manager,Re: Damage to handrailI regret to inform you that part of handrail with its two stanchions onthe starboard side of my ship, abreast of No.3 hatch was damaged; approximately 5min length were deformed due to the stevedores’fault while my ship was loading at your port this morning.Kindly take this matter up with the stevedoring company immediately, requesting them to effect rush repairs and replacement of the damaged part before my departure and holding them fully responsible for the repair cost incurred.I trust this matter will have your great attention and thank you inadvance.Yours faithfully,Master of M.V. “Chao Yang”(2)4 August, 20xxDear SirsRe: M.V. “A”－collision with the wharfThis is to inform you at 7:00 this morning the subject ship struck the wharf by her stern when she was pushed by two tugboats towards the wharf.Immediately after the accident the port authority call together some engineers and technicians to go down the wharf to examine its structure and made some video records on the spot.Findings of survey showed that there were two cracks in the wall of thewharf, some surface cement came off the wall and one pillar was slightly damaged because of the sudden dash. Afterwards, the port authority claimed/demanded U.S.$ 30,000 of compensation from the shipowner for the said damage. But the master of the M.V.“A”held that “It was the sole fault of the tugboats. Because their walkie-talkies failed in communication and the tugboats could not follow the pilot’s order to stop engine at once when the ship was getting alongside the wharf. Under these circumstances there was no reason for the shipowner to bear the unfair compensation.”By now this matter has been still under negotiation and we shall keep you informed of its development.Yours faithfully,AgentsLesson 13I.carriage of goods under charter, address commission, fixture note, charter hire, dispatch money/demurrage, tariff, Laytime Statement of Facts, for your perusalNotice of Readiness, stipulated laydays, on the basis of mutual agreement, in accordance with/under the charter party, make reference to Time Sheet, the volume to move per vessel, free in ,out and stowed(FIOS)II.to, of, between, on, under, on, of,by, to, of, in, with, to, toIII.(1)This will serve to remind you that M.V. “China Sea” which arrived at this port on 10th June from London, is now discharging cargo at Dock/Wharf No. 9 and will have reached the end of her stipulated laydays at 1500 hrs of this month. In accordance with the charter party dated 12th November, 19xx , demurrage will commence from that time and will be calculated at the sum of ￡ 500 per day, or pro rata for part of a day.It is expected to note that you will pay the demurrage in time if the laytime isExtended.(2)Your letter FD-HY/93 dated 5th April has been duly received. With reference to the dispatch money of M.V. Noelle, from which steel bars were discharged at Shanghai, we clarified our views in our letter Ref. No.324 dated 18th March that on behalf of China Minmetals Imp & Exp Corp, we settled the accounts with you under Sate Contract 2FEE09019D. All the accounts were settled under the terms of the said Sale Contract except daily rate of Dispatch money/Demurrage calculated under the C/P, of which you will have a better understanding.Enclosed please find two copies of our Statement of Account for check. Ifyou have any objection, please don’t hesitate to let us know by reply.Lesson 14I.all benefited interests, note/lodge a sea protest, voluntary grounding,repair voucher, port of refuge, provide G. A. security, G.A. adjustment, jettison of cargo, G.A. contribution, notary public,salvage remuneration,value of property saved/salved, No cure-No pay salvage contractII.raised, relating/relative, arising, distressed, enters, of, cost, by, expenditure, fall, as, safetyIV.The shipowner of the subject vessel informed us that according to master’s report he received the vessel ran aground after her departure from the port of Antwerp on 22nd September and the said vessel managed to refloat by herself within approximately 5 hours after the accident and proceeded on/ resumed her voyage. The master’s report alleged that in view of the nature of this accident and the fact that no leakage was found after his careful examination of the oil tanks and bilges, he concluded that the seaworthiness of the vessel was unimpaired and now the vessel is on the voyage to her destination. However, the shipowner feared the possible damage to the vessel in the course of refloating and declared general average, requesting all benefited interests to provide G.A. security.Please could you notify the charterer of the above information, asking them to issue the G.A. Bond to the said master at the port of discharge and let us know the name and address of the cargo underwriters so that we are able to demand from them the usual/regular form of G.A. Guarantee.Lesson 15I.packing list, statement of claim, letter of subrogation, lack of due diligencepacking/unpacking (stuffing/unstuffing, vanning/devanning), breakdown,customs of the trade, way ports, pay the compensation ex gratia, weigh the pros and cons, the die has been cast, claim release,prima facie evidence, without prejudice, CY to CY container outstanding claim, settle the claim in an amicable wayIV.1.The shortage of this consignment arrived is obviously caused by your carelessmistake in packing, which should have been avoided if you had given your due attention to the packing. Therefore, we reserve our right to lodge a claim for the said consignment.2.Upon perusal of the relevant documents, we are of the opinion that the saidclaimshould be rejected on the following grounds/for the following reasons.3.With reference to the claim you filed against us for the water damage to cargoin shipment under B/L HF175, we wish to offer 25% discount of the amount claimed to compensate for the loss you sustained. Please note that this is our maximum/farthest concession we can afford. Should you insist on your original claim, we would propose to submit the case to arbitration for final settlement.4.As 8 cases of bicycle parts overlanded were pilfered in large quantities inyour warehouse and are not enough to offset those shortlanded in Rotterdam, we have to settle the case by paying US$ 1200 to the consignee as compensation.Please debit the said amount into our account.5.Obviously the said loss occurred during the transit when the cargo were underyour custody. Therefore, we hold you liable for the loss amounting to 2500 USD.。

国际航运业务英语与函电[资料] Lesson 11. Business letter have two purpose: to inform, and to organize2. The general principle for the effective business letter-writing can be summed up in the “three C`s”. in theother words, letters should be :clearness、conciseness、courtesy、correctness、completeness、consideration(the “you”attitude)Lesson 2A business letter in English generally consists of eight mainparts:1. Heading (Letterhead)2. Date :英(日月年);美(月日年)3. Inside Name and Address4. Salutation(称呼)5. Subject Line (Caption)6. Body of letter7. Complimentary CloseSalutation close英式:Dear Sirs/Sir/Madam yours faithfullyDear Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms Smith yours sincerely美式:Gentlemen sincerely/truly yours8. SignatureLesson 3 applicationsWhen you write an application letter, as a rule,The first step is to state you relevant information and requirements to the party concerned in clear andstraightforward sentence.The second step is to put in your request to them for assistance with courtesy.The last step is to express your desire that the above mentioned request will be fully complied with without delay.Lesson 5 personal injury and deathThe report of personal injury and death should include the following points:1. The exact time and place of the accident and identity of thepersona injured2. The conditions at the time of the accident and explanationof whether they brought about the accident3. Description of the accident and nature of injuries, statingthe treatment administered to the injured person on boardand/or shore4. Analysis of the cause of the accident, ascertaining wherethe responsibility lies5. Names of the witnesses to the accident, includingcrewmembers, if any, and a drawing or photograph of the areawhere the accident occurredLesson 7 cargo workThe chief officer should take into consideration the following principles in the handing of stowage and carriage of cargo1. The most efficient use of space:This is means that every cubic foot of ship`s space must be utilized to the best advantage and the broken stowage reduced to the minimum2. The highest possible port speedThe distribution of cargo in the holds must be such as to assist correct and speedy cargo handling. It is customary to stow the cargo in reverse order of the intended discharge to avoid rearrangements of the consignments, and will not affect the ship`s stability, trim or strength3. The safety of the cargo4. The safety of ship and crewLesson 8 cargo damageThere are various kinds of cargo damage:1. Original damage: is a damage to cargo, which originallyoccurred before the shipment.2. Stevedore damage: refers to the damage to cargo, whichoccurs as a result of rough handling of cargo by stevedoresat the handling or discharging port.3. Heavy weather damage: mainly refer to water damage to cargo,which often results form the heavy weather encountered bythe ship either in loading operation an dock or on the voyageat sea4. Sweat damage: sweat is condensation, which forms on theship`s side or on the surface of cargo within spaces due to the fluctuations of temperature on a long voyage5. Pilferage(theft): is one of the causes of cargo shortage orloss, which frequently occurs in loading or dischargingoperations6. Inherent nature or vice of goods:Lesson 9 port of regulations and agenciesGenerally, the business scope of a shipping agency includes the following:1. Attending to the procedures for ship`s entry into anddeparture form a port and arranging for pilotage , ship`sberthing, customs declaration formalities for inward andoutward shipment2. Arranging marine survey, ship`s repair and fumigation;cleaning and sweeping of cargo holds and supply of bunkers, fresh water, provisions, store, ect3. Arranging shipments, booking space, applying forsupervision of loading/discharge, inspection, testing,weighting or measuring of cargo4. Subject to authorization, signing bills of lading andissuing documents relevant to handing/taking over of cargoor containers and arranging settlements of cargo claims5. Attending to procedure for cargo operations, includingstuffing/unstuffing, transshipment and combinedtransportation of containers6. Attending to marine casualties and salvage; arrangingmedical treatment, replacement and repatriation forcrewmembers7. Attending to chartering, purchase/sale,delivery/redelivery and handing/taking over of ships;signing charter parties and purchase/sale contracts8. On behalf of entrusting parties, calculating and collectingfreight; attending to settlement of despatch money ordemurrageLesson 10 shipping documentsThe circulation of the relevant shipping documents can be illustrated as follows:1. The shipper (or consignor) makes an application to ashipping company or its agent for the shipment of goods byfilling up a booking note2. After the acceptance of booking note, the shipping companyissues a shipping order(S/O)to the shipper, advising him of when and where to deliver the goods alongside the named ship3. The shipper, on the strength of the S/O, goes through thecustoms declaration formalities for outward goods and getsthe goods ready for shipment4. The agent prepares a loading list for the ship according tothe S/O(counter-foil)5. The chief officer works out a stowage plant. A number of copies are sent to the tally company and stevedoring company through the agent for the arrangement of loading anddischarge6. The chief tallyman checks all goods loaded on board against the tally sheets and signs the S/O7. The chief officer, by reference to the tally, endorses the S/O, which then automatically becomes the mate`s receipt(M/R) to be issued to the shipper after loading8. After paying for the freight(prepaid), the shipper turns over the M/R to the shipping company or agent in exchangefor the B/L9. The shipper sends the B/L and other relevant documents to the bank for negotiation of payment10. The agent makes out for the ship a suitable number of copies of the export manifest (M/F) and freightmanifest(F/M), which are required by the customs at thelocal port as well as other port of call11. The consignee secures the B/L form the bank by effecting the payment for goods12. The consignee presents the B/L to the shipping companyor agent in exchange for the delivery order(D/O), by whichhe takes delivery of goods at the warehouseLesson 11 collision of ships1. Collision of ships, in term of fault liability, can be classified into three categories: collision caused by fault of one party, collision caused by mixed fault and collision caused by no fault2. A collision report including the following items:1) The exact time of collision2) The position, heading, and speed of each vessel at thetime of collision3) Weather conditions(e.g. visibility, wind, sea and swell,ect,)4) An estimate of angle of collision to the other vessel5) What actions taken by own vessel to avoid collision6) The extent of damage caused to both vessels and the cargoas far as known7) The names of witness to the collision8) General information (e.g. name, nationality, port ofregistry, voyage, ect.) of both vesselsLesson 13 charter party1. Charter parties are diversified into three principalcategories: voyage charter, time charter and bareboat (demise) charter2. The voyage charter is, in essence, a contract of affreightment covering the movement a particular cargo from one designated port to another, at a stipulated rate of freight (charter hire) for each ton ofthe goods actually transported. The shipowner is responsible for all details of vessel operation. The charterer, in addition to putting the cargo within reach of the loading gear, must arrange for the berthing places at port of loading and discharge, and quite often also must contract with stevedores to handle the cargo. Payment for the ship`s services must be made in accordance with the provisions of the charter-party3. The time charter is one under which the shipowner places the services of a ship at the disposal of the charterer for a specified period of time, or rather hires out to the charterer the entire shipping space of a ship for the carriage of cargo on time basis, Unlike the revenue earned under the voyage charter, which is calculated on the tonnage value of the cargo, the time charter hire is calculated on the carrying capacity of the ship plus running cost of the ship, excluding wages. So the larger the ship, the more thecharterer pays4. The bareboat (demise) charter is one under which the shipowner transfers operational control of the ship to the charterer. The vessel must be seaworthy and full equipped at the time she is delivered to the charterer. During the chartering period, the burden and responsibility of operation are assumed by the charterer. The shipowner periodically receives the agreed payment which, as in the time charter, is based upon the deadweight tonnage of the shipLesson 14 sea protest and general average1. A note of sea protest is a declaration or deposition by the master, made under oath, giving full particulars regarding heavy weather or other incident, which may have caused damage to the vessel or cargo during the voyage.2. A ship has met with any of the following circumstances in the course of the voyage, it is advisable for the master to note a sea protest:1) Whenever during the voyage ship encounters conditions ofwind and sea, which may result in damage to cargo2) When form any cause ship is damaged, or feared to bedamaged3) When through stress of weather it has not beenpracticable to adopt normal precautions in the matter ofventilation of perishable cargo4) When cargo is shipped in such a condition as likely tosuffer deterioration during the voyage (but, in this case,protest will not be effective unless B/L was endorsed toshow the condition of cargo at the time of shipment)5) In all case of General Average3. A general average acts when, and only when, anyextraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is voluntarily andreasonably made or incurred in the time of peril for thepurpose of preserving the property imperiled in the commonadventure.4. Particular average is a term applied to any accidental loss,less than a total loss of vessel and cargo, by a peril whichis not of a general average nature信函:(less3)Write a application to Immigration Office in the port of Yokohama, Japan, requesting twenty-four landing permits for the crew members of your ship on your arrival at thesaid port如下:M.V. “XXX”Port of Yokohama10 August, 2000The Immigration OfficePort of Yokohama, JapanDear Sirs,Re: Crew List VisaIn accordance with the regulations of Japan Government, any Chinese seamen in and with the ship sailing for a Japan port must get Crew List Visaed by the Japan Embassy or Consulate in the last port of call in order that they can get landing permits when the ship arrives at the Japan port.Manned with 24 Chinese seamen, my ship is bound for the port of Yokohama after completion of discharging at this port. I am hereby writing to ask you to take our Crew List to Japan Consulate for Visa, weenclose herewith 4 copies of Crew List and shall be must obliged if you would kindly management this matter without delay.Yours truly,(Signed)Master of M.V. “TAI HE”信函翻译:致亚丁港(port of Aden)“ABC”船务代理行代理先生:申请验船师请您安排劳氏(Lloyd`s)验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等(deck fitting)在本航次从新加坡至亚丁港途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。

国际航运物流英语函电课文International Shipping and Logistics English Correspondence Text Dear Sir/Madam,We are writing to inquire about the availability of international shipping and logistics services for our company. We are a multinational corporation based in [Country] and we have been looking for reliable partners in the field of transportation and logistics.Our company specializes in [briefly describe your company's area of expertise]. Over the years, we have expanded our operations globally and we now require efficient and cost-effective shipping services to transport our goods to various destinations around the world. We are particularly interested in sea freight services, as most of our products are bulky and require transportation via cargo ships.In addition to shipping services, we are also seeking assistance with customs clearance, warehousing, and distribution. As our business grows, we need a dependable logistics partner who can handle the complexities of international trade regulations and provide secure storage and timely delivery of our products.We would appreciate if you could provide us with detailed information about your company's services, including the types of shipments you handle, the locations you operate in, and the range of value-added services you offer. Furthermore, please let us know if you have experience in dealing with customs procedures and ifyou have any certifications or accreditations that ensure your commitment to quality and compliance.In order to evaluate your suitability as our logistics partner, we kindly request a quotation for our specific shipping requirements. Please include the pricing details for both FCL (Full Container Load) and LCL (Less than Container Load) shipments, including any applicable charges for customs clearance, warehousing, and distribution.Lastly, we would appreciate if you could provide us with references or testimonials from other clients who have used your services. This will help us better understand your capabilities and track record in the industry.We look forward to receiving your response and hope to establish a long-term partnership with your company. Thank you for your attention to this matter.Yours sincerely,[Your Name][Your Title/Position][Your Company Name][Your Contact Information]。

国际航运业务英语与函电复习资料before breaking bulk (BBB)开仓卸货前,pilot on board (POB)引航员登船heavy diesel oil (H.D.O.)重柴油, China Classification Society (CCS), American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), port of call挂靠港estimated time of departure (ETD), Tally Certificate理货单, Chief Officer (C/O), China Ocean Shipping Agency中国外轮代理公司deratting exemption certificate 免于除鼠证书, under separate cover在另函中, Freight Prepaid预付运费, Freight to Collect到付运费,customs formality通关手续, customs clearance通关, cubic feet (CBFT/CUFT)立方英尺, awkward cargoes大件货, securing系固, lashing绑扎, dunnage,垫舱IMDG Code国际货规, Dangerous Cargo Anchorage危险货物锚地, laytime statement of facts (SOF)装卸时间事实记录, within the stipulated time 在规定时间内, shut out退关, all the parties concerned相关各方, indemnity letter (letter of indemnity, LOI)保函, the whole lot of一整票rough handling,野蛮装卸outturn report卸货报告, logbook航海日志, log entry航海日志记录, tween-deck双层甲板间, lower hold底层舱, survey report鉴定报告, spare no effort不遗余力, bear the burden of proof 负有举证责任Steamship (S.S)机动船, shipment装船, , partial shipment分批货, POD POC, POA port of departure,call,arrival, port of transshipment 中转港, port surcharge港口费, port capacity港口生产能力, port disbursement港口使费，transshipment not allowed转运不允许Customs海关, Immigration Office边检, Customs formalities海关手续, customs declaration报关通关, fumigation熏舱, entrusting party委托方, despatch money速遣费, demurrage滞期费, canvass cargoes拉票货物, Notice Of Readiness (N/R)装卸准备就绪通知书, generalagent总代理,sole agent独家代理Booking Note (B/N)托运单，Tally Sheet理货单, Cargo Manifest (M/F)货物舱单, Freight Manifest (F/M)运费清单S/O: shipping order 装货单M/R: mate's receipt 收货单、大副收据5.L/L: loading list 装货清单 6.M/F: manifest 载货清单、舱单7.F/M: freight manifest 载货运费清单8.D/O: delivery order 提货单Fixture Note定租确认书 1.LOA: length overall 船长2.GRT: gross registered tonnage 总注册吨3.NRT: net registered tonnage 净注册吨4.DW: deadweight 载重吨5.Notify Party通知人, Original Bill Of Lading 正本提单, Negotiable可转让的, Overlanded/ Shortlanded Cargo List溢短装货物清单, Received For Shipment B/L收货待运提单; Anti-dated B/L倒签提单, Advanced B/L预借提单34.货物查询单 cargo tracer Tamp Shipping不定期船运输, Chartering Broker租船经纪人, Voyage Charter航次租船, Time Charter期租, Bareboat (Demise) Charter光租,, Cargo Capacity载货能力,MOLOO: more or less at owner's option 船东选择或多或少6.OSB: one safe berth 一个安全泊位8.FIO: free in and out 出租人（船方）不负担装卸费11.LIFO: liner in, free out 出租人负担装货费用，但不负担卸货费用13.FIOST: free in and out, stowed and trimmed 出租人不负担装卸费用、积载及平舱费用15.WWDSHEX-EIU: weather working days Sundays and holidays excepted , even if used 晴天工作日，星期天和节假日除外，即使已使用16.CQD: customary quick dispatch 按港口习惯速遣、按港口习惯尽快装卸17.DHD: dispatch half demurrage 速遣费是滞期费的一半18.C/P: charter party 租船合同，租约19.M/T: metric ton 公吨Address Commission回扣佣金委托佣金//////提货 take delivery of the cargo2.与你方结账 settle the account with you3.向我方报价 quote us your freight rate4.运费率 freight rate5.航班 frequency of sailing6.航期 transit time7.加载货 additional cargo8.随行就市 be subject to market fluctuation9.预付运费 freight prepaid11.扫舱 sweep the cargo hold/hold sweeping2.改航 diversion13.卸载报告 outturn report16.克尽职责 exercise due diligence17.易腐货 perishable cargo18.固有的特性 inherent nature19.装载疏忽 negligence in stowage20.原残 original damage21.工残 stevedore damage22.通风不良 insufficient ventilation23.有举证责任 bear the burden of proof24.对……提出投诉 lodge/file a complaint against sb for sth25.建立业务关系 establish business relationship26.港口使费 port disbursements/port dues and charges27.委托代理 agency appointment28.代理费 agency fee29.揽货 canvass/solicit cargo30.进港指南 guide to port entry31.为进出口货载办理报手续续 attend to customs declaration formalities for inward and outward ship ments33免除公司责任 relieve the company of responsibility36.保赔协会 P&I club32、尽可放心rest assured34如你所知as you are well aware三、句子翻译申请验船师请您安排劳氏（Lloyd's）验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等（deck fittings）在本次航次从新加坡至亚丁途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。